Dissertationen: „Teenagers – social conditions“

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Kwok, Cho-yee Joey, und 郭祖宜. „The association between socioeconomic status and eating habits among adolescents in Hong Kong“. Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2012. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B50222818.

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Background: The association between socioeconomic status (SES) and diet habits has been identified in many studies across the globe. However, studies about association between SES and dietary habits are limited in Hong Kong, especially among the adolescents. Therefore, this study was proposed to identify some of the SES measures and their association between some dietary choices among this population. Objective: The primary objectives in this study is to describe the association of diet with socioeconomic position among Hong Kong‘s adolescents, and to assess whether the results differ depending on which indicator, parental education, parental occupation and family affluence, is used. Method: This is a cross-sessional study carried out on 21,721 participants who are in Form 1 – Form 7 from 42 schools. Demographic variables; three SES measures: highest parental education, highest parental occupation and family affluence; and consumption frequency of four food groups: vegetables; fruits; high-fat foods; junk foods and soft drink were obtained and assessed by a standardized questionnaire. In cross-sectional analysis, multivariate logistic regression was used to identify association between the four food groups intake frequency and the three SES measures. Result: Parental education is not found to be significantly associated with sufficient consumption of vegetable nor moderate/high consumption of high-fat foods and junk foods/ soft drink. However, it is found that adolescent with the highest parental education level (post-secondary level) have a higher likelihood of consuming sufficient fruits (OR, 1.43; 95% CI, 1.24 to 1.65). Similarly to parental education, parental occupation is also found to be not significantly associated with sufficient consumption of vegetable and moderate/high consumption of high-fat foods, junk foods and soft drink. Conversely, a higher occupational status of the parent is associated with a less likelihood of the adolescent consuming sufficient amount of fruits. In terms of family affluence, a higher perceiving family economic status is found to be associated with a decrease tendency of consuming moderate-high consumption of junk foods and soft drink (OR, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.53 to 0.96). Conclusion: This study finding does not support the use of parental education and occupation as a proxy to measure the association between SES and dietary habit. On the other hand, findings implies that subjective appraisal of one‘s family affluence is a good determinant of sufficient intake of particular food groups.
published_or_final_version
Public Health
Master
Master of Public Health

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Holford, Naomi. „Making classed sexualities : investigating gender, power and violence in middle-class teenagers' relationship cultures“. Thesis, Cardiff University, 2012. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/43004/.

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This thesis investigates gendered power relations, including violence, control and coercion, within teenage heterosexual relationships, and broader relationship cultures. It focusses on upper-middle class 14-16 year olds, whose sexualities – unlike those of working-class teenagers – are seldom seen as a social problem. It explores the interactions of romantic and sexual experiences with classed identities and social contexts, based on data generated within a large, high-performing state comprehensive in an affluent, ethnically homogenous (white) area of south-east England. The research, conducted in and outside school, used a mixed-methods approach, incorporating in-depth individual and paired interviews, and self-completion questionnaires. It draws on insights from feminist post-structural approaches to gender and sexualities, and is situated in relation to work that explores the negotiation of gender in “post-feminist” neoliberal societies. Despite (in some ways, because of) their privileged class positioning, these young people faced conflicting regulatory discourses. Heteronormative discourses, and gendered double standards, still shaped their (sexual) subjectivities. Sexuality was very public and visible, forming a claustrophobic regulatory framework restricting movements and choices, particularly girls’. But inequalities and violences were often obscured by powerful classed discourses of compulsory individuality, with young people compelled to perform an autonomous self even as they negotiated inescapably social networks of sexuality. These discourses could exacerbate inequalities, as participants denigrated others for vulnerability. A significant proportion of participants reported controlling, coercive or violent relationship experiences, but girls especially downplayed their importance. Girls shouldered the burden of emotion work, taking on responsibility for both their own and partners’ emotions. Sexual harassment and violence from peers were often regarded with resignation, and sometimes led to further victimisation from partners or peers. Policing of sexuality was bound up with classed prejudices and assumptions; participants’ performances of identity often rested on dissociation from the working class. Young middle-class people’s heterosexual subjectivities sat uneasily with educationally successful, future-oriented subjectivities; sexuality was an ever-lurking threat to becoming an educational and therefore classed success.

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Stevens, Mildrett Elizabeth. „Resilience of young people exposed to parental alcohol abuse“. Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2010. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_2618_1308728030.

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This study explores the possible resilient factors which prevent young people who have been exposed to parental alcohol abuse from abusing alcohol themselves. Additionally, this study explores the coping mechanisms of young people living with a (n) alcohol abusing parent(s). This study uses a qualitative methodological design. The initial plan was purposive sampling. However it became evident that this type of sampling is not possible as no suitable candidates were found. One participant volunteered to participate in the study and suggested a few other suitable candidates. The candidates were contacted and invited to become part of the study. Individual interviews were conducted with the participants, using an interview guide and a voice recorder. The researcher ended up using snowball sampling as the candidates suggested other possible candidates. The findings suggest that the participants experienced an array of emotional, developmental and socio-economical difficulties. Feelings of shame, fear, anxiety and a deep sense of unhappiness about the situation was shared by all the participants. The family, friends and some teachers were instrumental in helping to find coping mechanisms during this challenging time of growing up with an alcohol abusing parent. Religion, academics, and positive role-modelling were contributing factors to their resilience in not using alcohol themselves even though they were exposed to alcohol-abusing parents.

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Vörös, András. „The emergence of multiple status systems in adolescent communities : a multiplex network theory of group formation“. Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:9590194f-84e9-4548-b1fe-cf2f64ffc329.

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How do informal groups emerge in adolescent communities? What distinguishes a group from just a set of students? Who will end up together in a group and who will be left out? Why are there more groups in some classrooms and fewer in others? What determines whether these groups overlap in their members or they are completely segregated, perhaps antagonistic? While a huge body of research in sociology and social psychology focuses on these questions, an integrated approach that is able to answer all of them is yet to be developed. Without realizing that these five issues are interrelated, we cannot hope to understand how groups influence individuals and how they shape our communities. This thesis proposes an integrative theory of informal group formation in communities. Based on the tradition of Social Network Analysis, it develops a framework in which interpersonal relations and reputations are formed through a process called informal status production. Groups emerge from this micro-process by the alignment of positive relations and agreement in peer-perceptions between actors. The main micro-mechanisms predicted by the theory are tested on a unique longitudinal network dataset from school classrooms. To this end, a new empirical procedure was developed, by which a few aggregated networks can be constructed from tens of relational items. This allows the analysis of rich network data with several relational dimensions. The empirical studies of multiplex network dynamics confirm that there are strong interdependencies between friendships and perceptions. Students who agree about their peers tend to become friends, but more so when they hold a minority opinion in the class. This contributes to group formation. Friends also influence each other's perceptions, but we manage to show that the presence of groups around them interferes with this process by moderating the influence of individual peers.

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McGee, Marjorie Grace. „Lost in the Margins? Intersections Between Disability and Other Non-Dominant Statuses with Regard to Peer Victimization and Psychosocial Distress Among Oregon Teens“. PDXScholar, 2013. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1099.

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Youth with disabilities experience greater levels of victimization than non-disabled youth. However, little is known about the associations between peer victimization and disability status alone and in combination with sex and race/ethnicity, or with sex and sexual orientation. Further, little is known about the extent to which exposure to peer victimization mediates the relationship between disability status and psychosocial distress. Thus, one purpose of this study was to investigate the extent to which disability status, as a marker of social difference, alone and in combination with other social identities, is associated with differential levels of exposure to peer victimization. A secondary purpose of this research was to examine whether the relationship between disability status and psychological distress is mediated by exposure to peer victimization, and if so, whether the mediation is moderated by sex. This study analyzed complex survey data, using the 2008 Oregon Healthy Teen dataset, which included 7091 students in 11th grade. Intersectional analyses were conducted to determine the extent to which the student's social status (disability, sex, race, and sexual orientation) was associated with exposure to peer victimization. Results from a series of logistic regressions suggest that disability status is highly associated with exposure to peer victimization. Further, the relationship between disability status and peer victimization changes, and the magnitude of change varies, by specific intersectional status. The relative magnitude of increased odds among students with disabilities reporting peer victimization grew considerably when considered in combination with race/ethnicity and sexual orientation. Results from the mediation analyses confirmed that exposure to peer victimization mediated the relationship between disability status and psychosocial distress; however, there was little support for sex as a moderator. These findings have the potential to guide development of interventions and strategies (e.g., policies, mechanisms for reporting victimization) to safeguard the health of all students, with particular attention to those at highest risk for peer victimization in the school context. Future research should examine factors in the school environment related to exposure to peer victimization, utilizing an intersectional approach, with attention to differences on multiple non-dominant culture statues.

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Matthews, Brenda Marian Frederica. „An exploratory study of aspects on environmental conditions associated with alcohol and drug abuse and criminal behaviour“. Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2004. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&amp.

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Universally it has been reported that the fundamental change in or breakdown of traditional patterns of family living is a major cause of juvenile crime around the world. Researchers argue althought sequential violence may originate from certain important social and historical conditions - substance abuse primarily fules the cycle of violence. The major causes of delinquency in various countries are related to each nation's economic and social environment. The present study took place in the Correctional Services of the Boland Overberg region. The study aimed to examine the impact of risk factors (environmental conditions) and it's contribution to substance abuse and to determine how these risk factors and the prevalance of substance abuse contributes to criminality.

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Saliwanchik-Brown, Cheryl. „From K-GED: Maine Teenagers Describe Social, Emotional, and Relational Factors and Conditions Involved in their Decisions to Drop Out and Complete with a GED“. Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2008. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/SaliwanchikBrownC2008.pdf.

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Heffel, Carly J. „Finding Out on Facebook: a Qualitative Analysis of Adolescents’ Experiences Following a Suicide Cluster“. Thesis, University of North Texas, 2014. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc699975/.

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Suicide clusters have been identified in many populations; however, research exploring the role of online communication in the aftermath of a suicide cluster is extremely limited. This study used the Consensual Qualitative Research method to analyze interviews of ten high school students following a suicide cluster in a small suburban school district. Interviewee’s responses were organized into 4 domains: the suicide, impact, perceptions of school environment, and recovery. The role of social networking emerged as a common theme across domains, suggesting broad relevance to adolescents’ experience following the suicide of a peer. Implications for clinical intervention and research are discussed.

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Louw, Lynette. „The experiences of adolescents orphaned by HIV/AIDS related conditions“. Diss., Pretoria : [s.n.], 2006. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-05152007-091121.

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Brown, Tiffany Leigh. „Stressful life events and coping in college students“. CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1994. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/522.

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Pietersen, Marshall. „Prevalence, socio-demographic risk factors and consequences of exposure to violence among adolescents in the Macassar community“. Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/53017.

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Thesis (MA)--University of Stellenbosch, 2002.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The goals of this study were to determine (1) the prevalence of exposure to non-sexual interpersonal violence in a random sample ru=203) of adolescents (14-20 years) from a disadvantaged, relative low socio-economic coloured community, (2) the prevalence ratio of the number of participants who were only witnesses (witnesses) versus the number who were victims (of which some might occasionally also have been witnesses) of non-sexual interpersonal violence, (3) the relationship between certain socio-demographic variables and exposure to non-sexual interpersonal violence in order to identify potential risk factors, and (4) to determine whether victims differed significantly from witnesses with regard to the incidence of post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms (PTSDS) and post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) that do not meet the criteria for post-traumatic stress disorder. The sample consisted of Afrikaans-speaking coloured boys (!!=101) and girls (!!=102) between the ages of 14 and 20 years predominantly from low-income families who lived in municipal sub-economic housing, and who attended two high schools in Macassar. The measuring instruments comprised a customised socio-demograhpic questionnaire, the Child Exposure to Community Violence Scale which measures exposure to non-sexual interpersonal violence as witnesses and victims and the Child and Adolescent PTSD Checklist to assess the incidence ofPTSDS and PTSS. In order to identify potential risk factors for exposure to violence, the relationship between , exposure to violence and the socio-demographic variables of age, gender and presence/absence of a parent as primary caretaker was investigated. It was found that all participants were exposed to non-sexual interpersonal violence as either witnesses (37.9%) or victims (62.1 %). In contrast to findings of other studies, the majority of participants were victims themselves and not only witnesses. Older adolescents (17-20 years) were, in comparison with younger ones (14-16 years), significantly more exposed to non-sexual interpersonal violence as both witnesses and as victims. Older adolescents were thus more at risk for exposure to interpersonal violence. No statistically significant relationship was found between exposure to non-sexual interpersonal violence, either as witness or as victim, and the variables of gender and presence or absence of a parent as a pnmary caregiver. The incidence of reported PTSDS and PTSS, which was significantly related to exposure to non-sexual interpersonal violence, was relatively high. Thirty adolescents (15%) met the diagnostic criteria for post-traumatic stress disorder, 131 (65%) presented with one or more prominent PTSDS and a further 186 (90%) reported PTSS. Victims reported significantly more PTSS than witnesses.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die doelstellings van hierdie studie was om (1) die voorkoms van blootstelling aan nieseksuele interpersoonlike geweld by 'n ewekansige steekproef Ct:l:=203) adolessente (14 tot 20 jaar oud) van twee plaaslike hoërskole in 'n benadeelde, relatief lae sosio-ekonomiese Kleurlinggemeenskap te bepaal, (2) die voorkomsratio van die aantal deelnemers wat slegs waarnemers was (waarnemers) versus die aantal wat slagoffers was (van wie sommige per geleentheid ook waarnemers kon gewees het) van nie-seksuele interpersoonlike geweld te bepaal, (3) die verband tussen sekere sosio-demografiese veranderlikes en blootstelling aan nie-seksuele interpersoonlike geweld te bepaal ten einde potensiële risiko-faktore te identifiseer, en (4) om vas te stelof waarnemers beduidend van slagoffers verskil het ten opsigte van die voorkoms van post-traumatiese-stresversteuring-simptome (PTSVS) en post-traumatiese-stres-simptome (PTSS) wat nie voldoen aan die kriteria van posttraumatiese- stresversteuring nie. Die steekproef het bestaan uit Afrikaanssprekende kleurlingseuns (n= 101) en -dogters (n=102) tussen 14 en 20 jaar oud uit oorwegend lae-inkomste gesinne in sub-ekonomiese munisipale behuising en wat leerders was aan twee hoërskole in Macassar. Die meetinstrumente het 'n doelmatige sosio-demografiese vraelys, die Child Exposure to Community Violence Scale om blootstelling aan nie-seksuele interpersoonlike geweld as waarnemers en as slagoffers te meet, en die Child Adolescent PTSD Checklist om die voorkoms van PTSVS en PTSS te bepaal, ingesluit. Ten einde potensiële risiko-faktore vir blootstelling aan geweld te identifiseer, is die verband tussen blootstelling aan geweld en die sosio-demografiese veranderlikes van ouderdom, geslag en die teenwoordigheid/afwesigheid van 'n ouer as pimêre versorger ondersoek. Daar is bevind dat al die deelnemers, hetsy as waarnemers (37.9%) of slagoffers (62.1 %), aan nie-seksuele interpersoonlike geweld blootgestel was. In teenstelling met die bevindings van ander studies was die meerderheid van die deelnemers self slagoffers van geweld en nie net waarnemers daarvan nie. Ouer adolessente (17-20 jaar) was, in vergelyking met jongeres (14 tot 16 jaar), beduidend meer aan interpersoonlike geweld, beide as waarnemers en as slagoffers, blootgestel. Ouer adolessente was dus 'n hoër risikogroep vir blootstelling aan interpersoonlike geweld. Geen statisties beduidende verband is tussen die veranderlikes van geslag en die teenwoordigheid van 'n ouer as primêre versorger en blootstelling aan nie-seksuele interpersoonlike geweld as óf slegs waarnemer óf slagoffer gevind nie. Die voorkoms van gerapporteerde PTSVS en PTSS, wat 'n beduidende verband met blootstelling aan nie-seksuele interpersoonlike geweld getoon het, was relatief hoog. Dertig adolessente (15%) het voldoen aan die diagnostiese kriteria van post-traumatiese stresversteuring, 131 (65%) het met een of meer prominente PTSVS gepresenteer en 'n verdere 186 (90%) het PTSS gerapporteer. Slagoffers het beduidend meer PTSVS en PTSS as waarnemers gerapporteer.

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Dageryd, Emma, und Linnea Klemets. „Hur pornografi påverkar ungas livsvillkor och hälsa : En litteraturöversikt“. Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för hälsovetenskaper, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-20044.

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Introduktion: Pornografi har framställts och konsumerats långt tillbaka i historien. Digital informationsteknik har medfört att pornografi idag är mycket tillgänglig, även för ungdomar i tidiga tonåren som är vana vid att navigera i digitala miljöer. Tidigare forskning har visat att pojkar i genomsnitt är omkring 12 år när de aktivt söker pornografi för första gången. Pornografi är ett omdebatterat ämne, och särskilt ungas konsumtion. Syfte: Studiens syfte var att undersöka, sammanställa och beskriva hur unga 10–24 år påverkas av pornografi. Syftet tydliggjordes med frågeställningen “Vilka effekter har pornografi för ungas hälsa?”. Metod: En systematisk litteraturöversikt, omfattande kvalitativa och kvantitativa studier. Vid analys sammanställdes, kodades och kategoriseras insamlade data i olika teman. Resultat: Sex olika teman identifierades: Psykisk ohälsa, våldsamt beteende, sexuellt risktagande, genusnormativa maktförhållanden, kroppsideal samt inspirations- och kunskapskälla. Slutsats: Konsumtion av pornografi kan medföra effekter för ungas livsvillkor och hälsa på ett flertal olika sätt. Det finns indikationer om att pornografi kan påverka den psykiska hälsan hos unga konsumenter. Unga upplever att kroppsideal och hur de har sex influeras av pornografi. Pornografi kan ge upphov till ett våldsamt beteende och sexuellt risktagande samt bidra till att förstärka genusnormativa maktförhållanden där kvinnan underordnas mannen.
Introduction: Pornography has been produced and consumed since the prehistoric age. With digital information technology, pornography today is more accessible than ever, even for early teenagers who are accustomed to navigating digital environments. Previous research has shown that on average boys seek out pornography for the first time at the age of 12 years. Pornography is a debated topic, and especially the use of it by adolescents. Aim: The purpose of this literature review compile and describe how adolescents 10–24 years are affected by pornography. The aim was elucidated by the research question 'What effects does pornography have on adolescent’s health?' Method: A systematic literature review, comprehensive qualitative and quantitative studies. During analysis, collected data was compiled, coded and categorized into different themes. Results: Six themes were identified: Mental illness, Violent behavior, Sexual risk-taking, Gender normative power relationships, Body Ideals, and Source of inspiration and knowledge. Conclusion: Pornography consumption can affect adolescents living conditions and health in different ways. There are indications that pornography can affect the mental health of young consumers. Adolescent’s experience that body ideals and how they have sex are influenced by pornography. Pornography may result in violent behavior and sexual risk-taking, as well as contribute to strengthening gender-normative power relations in which the woman is subordinated to the man.

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Hale, Barbara Jean. „Ethnic identity formation and self esteem in adolescents of Mexican descent“. CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2001. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1915.

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A survey of four classes of ELD (English language deficient) students of Mexican descent was performed at Rancho Verde High School, Moreno Valley, CA in March, 2001 in an attempt to determine whether adolescents of Mexican descent who develop an identity close to their Mexican roots have higher levels of self-esteem than those who develop an identity close to their American experience.

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Inglis, Diana. „Exploring the dropout phenomenon in a secondary school situated in a high-risk community“. Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/3013.

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Thesis (MEdPsych (Educational Psychology))--University of Stellenbosch, 2009.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The purpose of this study was to gain a contextual understanding of the dropout phenomenon in a specific school in a high-risk community. An applied, interpretive, qualitative research design was used. This involved an investigation of the subjective experiences of learners at risk of dropping out of school during the post-compulsory phase of their education at a specific school. Informants were purposively selected according to specific criteria. Data were collected through eight semi-structured interviews with learners at risk of dropping out of school; a semi-structured interview with a member of the community; a focus-group interview and collages. The data was transcribed and analysed using a qualitative thematic analysis, and compared to previous research gleaned from an extensive literature review. Results that emerged from this study indicated that the participants experienced several barriers to learning embedded in the interconnected systems, which could cause them to drop out of school. This included issues such as single-parent families, family conflict, lack of parental support, emotional difficulties due to home circumstances, substance abuse and socio-economic issues. Although results showed that the school of study had seemingly adopted an inclusive policy and had made some adaptations to accommodate learners, it became evident that the existing support structures within the school and the community were experienced as insufficient. Due to the nature of unsupportive and conflicting family systems reported by some learners, teachers are expected to perform additional nurturing roles that add pressure to an already overburdened educational system. The practical implications of the results are that, in order to support adolescents in a high-risk environment and to prevent them from dropping out of school, the focus should be on protective factors. This could be achieved through, for example, early identification and targeting of learners at risk of dropping out of school, the implementation of strategies aimed to increase engagement of all learners in the school, the implementation of an ongoing supportive drug-free programme in the school and the community in conjunction with supportive organisations, professional development workshops and in-service training for teachers, altered school schedules, and career guidance and work internships for interested learners that could be arranged in union with the local university. The results from this study therefore highlighted areas that could receive attention in the specific school to address the problem for learners at risk of dropping out of school. Further qualitative research is recommended to investigate this phenomenon in a broader spectrum of South African learners.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die doel van hierdie studie was om ’n kontekstuele begrip te kry van die uitsak-verskynsel in ’n spesifieke skool wat in ’n hoërisiko-gemeenskap geleë is. ’n Toegepaste, vertolkende, kwalitatiewe navorsingsmodel is gebruik. Die gevolg was ’n ondersoek van die subjektiewe ondervindinge van leerders wat die risiko geloop het om op skoolvlak uit te sak gedurende die naverpligte fase van hulle opvoeding aan ’n spesifieke skool. Informante is doelbewus volgens spesifieke kriteria gekies. Data is versamel deur middel van agt semi-gestruktureerde onderhoude met leerders wat ’n risiko geloop het om op skoolvlak uit te sak; ’n semi-gestruktureerde onderhoud met ’n lid van die gemeenskap; ’n fokusgroeponderhoud en plakskilderye. Die data is getranskribeer en geanaliseer deur gebruik te maak van ’n kwalitatiewe tematiese analise en is vergelyk met vorige navorsing wat versamel is uit ’n uitgebreide literatuuroorsig. Resultate wat uit hierdie studie geblyk het, het daarop gedui dat die deelnemers verskeie leerhindernisse ondervind het wat veranker is in die onderling-verbonde stelsels wat kon veroorsaak het dat hulle op skoolvlak uitsak. Hierby was ingesluit kwessies soos enkelouer-gesinne, gesinskonflik, ’n gebrek aan ouerlike ondersteuning, emosionele probleme as gevolg van huislike omstandighede, dwelmmisbruik en sosio-ekonomiese kwessies. Alhoewel resultate gewys het dat die studieskool skynbaar ’n inklusiewe beleid volg en ’n paar aanpassings gemaak het om leerders te akkommodeer, het dit duidelik geword dat die bestaande ondersteuning-strukture binne die skool en gemeenskap as onvoldoende ervaar is. As gevolg van die aard van nie-ondersteunende en teenstrydige gesinstelsels soos meegedeel deur sommige leerders, word daar van onderwysers verwag om bykomende opvoedingsrolle te vervul wat spanning veroorsaak in ’n reeds oorlaaide opvoedingstelsel. Die praktiese implikasies van die resultate is, dat die fokus op beskermende faktore moet wees, om adolessente in ’n hoërisiko-omgewing te ondersteun en te verhoed dat hulle op skoolvlak uitsak. Dit sou bereik kon word deur byvoorbeeld, vroeë identifisering en teikengroepvorming van leerders wat die risiko loop om op skoolvlak uit te sak, die implementering van strategieë wat daarop gemik is om die betrokkenheid van alle leerders in die skool te verhoog, die implementering van ’n deurlopende ondersteunende dwelmvrye program in die skool en gemeenskap in samewerking met ondersteuningsorganisasies, professionele-ontwikkelingswerkswinkels en indiensopleiding vir onderwysers, veranderde skoolskedules en beroepsvoorligting en werk-internskappe vir belangstellende leerders wat gereël kan word in samewerking met die plaaslike universiteit. Die resultate van hierdie studie het areas in die spesifieke skool uitgewys wat kan aandag kry om die probleem van leerders wat die risiko loop om op skoolvlak uit te sak, aan te spreek. Dit word aanbeveel dat verdere kwalitatiewe navorsing gedoen word om hierdie verskynsel in ’n breër spektrum van Suid-Afrikaanse leerders te ondersoek.

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Mollidor, Claudia. „"I deserve respect because I'm a good mum" : social representations of teenage motherhood and the potential for social change“. Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2013. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/621/.

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The aim of this thesisis to investigate the representations of teenage motherhood held by teenage mothers and specialised service providers in London and as expressed through public policy of the United Kingdom between 1999 and 2009, with the view of enabling social change in policy and practice. The secondary aim is to investigate the ways in which teenage mothers and specialised practitioners dialogically construct identities for themselves in light of these representations. The theoretical underpinnings of my empirical investigation are Social Representations Theory, especially the ‘structural approach’ and its expression of dilemmatic common sense through core and peripheral representational elements. This thesis also highlights the theory’s associations with social identities,stigma, power and resistance, and the possibility for social change. The qualitative methodological approach of a London‐based case study includes interviews and focus groups as well as observations with teenage mothers, interviews with specialised practitioners, and a thematic analysis of policy documents. The datasets are thematically analysed and juxtaposed through the lens of the ‘structural approach’. Findings suggest that, at the core, teenage motherhood is constructed as problematic by teenage mothers, practitioners and in policy. Simultaneously, all three datasets actively construct and draw on peripheral elements which are at odds with the core. Young mothers construct positive representations of teenage motherhood based on their own experiences and frequently draw on peripheral elements to negotiate positive identities. Specialised practitioners highlight the potential positive outcomes of teenage motherhood with appropriate support, and construct identities for themselves as‘correctors’, ‘defenders’ and ‘protectors’ of teenage mothers despite being exposed to courtesy stigma. Policy paints a heterogeneous picture of teenage motherhood as a multi‐faceted reality that can be managed through specialised professional support. The opportunities for social change based on the discourses and actions through which teenage motherhood is represented are discussed.

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Alonso, Gabriela. „Latinas in higher education: Overcoming barriers of teenage pregnancy“. CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2002. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2205.

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The purpose of this study was to explore individual characteristics that allowed college achievement in Latina women who experienced teenage pregnancy. A specific objective of this study was to examine strengths for overcoming barriers and obstacles to higher education.

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Parker, Lorien. „An ecological perspective of adolescents' need for support during pregnancy“. Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/6526.

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Thesis (M Social Work (Social Work))--University of Stellenbosch, 2011.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: According to South African policy documents, social welfare services, health care providers and schools should place special focus on supporting pregnant adolescents to avoid the possible deleterious effects of early unplanned pregnancies. This implies that pregnant adolescents require support, from multiple levels, in order to adjust positively to their pregnancy so as to promote their well-being and the well-being of their unborn child. This study explores and describes the support needs of pregnant adolescents in three lowincome communities. This was done by examining the support that was currently available and utilised by pregnant adolescents, as well as identifying areas that required improved support. By adopting an ecological approach to the study, the need for support could be investigated on multiple levels. A combination of a quantitative and qualitative research approach was used in the study. The study further assumed an exploratory and descriptive research design in order to provide a detailed description of the phenomenon being studied, namely adolescent pregnancy. Data was gathered by means of a semi-structured questionnaire, which was administered during an individual interview. This allowed for data to be collected that was both measurable as well as rich in description. The design of the semi-structured questionnaire was based on the information obtained from the literature review. The findings of the empirical investigation reveal that adolescents have limited knowledge of formal support services, particularly social welfare services, support groups and health care services, which results in poor utilisation of these services. Consequently, limited support is attributed to these particular services. The findings further indicate that informal sources of support, such as family, friends and partners, were relatively supportive during the adolescent’s pregnancy. However, the adolescents’ relationships with their parents and partners were particularly strained during the pregnancy, especially the relationship with their father. Of significance is the finding that fathers were considered those who offered the adolescents the least amount of support during the pregnancy. As a result of their pregnancy, the adolescents were stigmatised on multiple levels. There was stigmatisation from their friends and peers at school, which had an impact on their social adjustment. Stigma experienced at health care services led to chastising experiences, which deterred the adolescents from utilising such services. Furthermore, pregnant adolescents are stigmatised by their community, and the widespread judgement leads to increased tension and apprehension when seeking formal and informal support. The most important recommendations resulting from the study indicate that many resources of support would be better utilised during pregnancy if adolescents had greater knowledge of the support available to them. This is of particular significance with regard to social welfare services, which play a key role in educating adolescents, their parents and the community about sexuality, adolescent pregnancy and the significance of support. In addition, the recommendations emphasise the importance of promoting and facilitating peer education and support services, which could be of great value for pregnant adolescents. Receiving support and education from peers can be highly effective, but also allows pregnant adolescents to make a valuable contribution to other adolescents in similar situations. In doing so, pregnant adolescents are empowered and encouraged, which is much needed in an environment where they are typically shunned and branded as failures.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Volgens Suid-Afrikaanse beleidsdokumente moet maatskaplike welsynsdienste, gesondheidsdiensteverskaffers sowel as skole ŉ spesiale fokus plaas op die ondersteuning van swanger adolessente om sodoende die nadelige gevolge van vroeë, onbeplande swangerskappe te beveg. Dit veronderstel dat swanger adolessente hulp benodig uit vele vlakke ten einde ŉ positiewe aanpassing tot hulle swangerskap te maak om sodoende hulle eie welstand en dié van hulle ongebore kind te bevorder. Hierdie studie ondersoek en beskryf die ondersteuningsbehoeftes van swanger adolessente in drie lae-inkomste gemeenskappe. Dit is gedoen deur die huidige ondersteuning wat wel beskikbaar is en deur swanger adolessente gebruik is, te ondersoek, asook om aspekte te identifiseer wat meer ondersteuning benodig. Deur die gebruik van ŉ ekologiese benadering tot hierdie studie kon die behoefte aan ondersteuning dus op veelvoudige vlakke ondersoek word. ŉ Kombinasie van kwantitatiewe en kwalitatiewe navorsingsmetodes is in hierdie studie gebruik. Die studie veronderstel verder ŉ verkennende en beskrywende navorsingsontwerp om sodoende ŉ uitvoerige beskrywing van die verskynsel wat ondersoek word, naamlik adolessente swangerskap, te verskaf. Data is ingevorder deur die gebruik van ŉ semigestruktureerde vraelys wat tydens individuele onderhoude toegedien is. Dit het toegelaat dat data ingevorder kon word wat beide meetbaar sowel as ryk in beskrywing was. Die ontwerp van die semi-gestruktureerde vraelys is gebaseer op inligting verkry uit die literatuurstudie. Die bevindinge vanuit die empiriese ondersoek dui daarop dat adolessente beperkte kennis het oor die formele ondersteuningsdienste, veral maatskaplike welsynsdienste, ondersteuningsgroepe en gesondheidsdienste, wat dan swak gebruik van bogenoemde dienste tot gevolg het. Gevolglik word beperkte ondersteuning aan hierdie dienste toegeskryf. Die bevindinge dui verder dat informele bronne van ondersteuning, soos familie, vriende en metgeselle, relatief ondersteunend was tydens die adolessent se swangerskap. Nietemin was die adolessente se verhoudings met hulle ouers en metgeselle besonder gespanne, veral dié met hulle vaders. Van aansienlike belang was die bevinding dat veral vaders beskou is as dié persone wat die minste ondersteuning tydens die swangerskap gebied het. Daarbenewens word adolessente as gevolg van hulle swangerskap op veelvoudige vlakke gestigmatiseer. Daar is stigmatisering deur vriende en portuurgroepe op skool, wat ’n impak het op die adolessent se sosiale aanpassing. Stigmatisering deur gesondheidsdienste het gelei tot tugtigingsondervindings wat die adolessente daarvan weerhou het om hierdie dienste te gebruik. Verder word adolessente ook deur hulle gemeenskappe gestigmatiseer, waar die algemene veroordeling lei tot verhoogde spanning en vrees wanneer hulle formele of informele ondersteuning benodig. Die belangrikste aanbevelings van hierdie studie, dui daarop dat vele bronne van ondersteuning beter gebruik sou geword het tydens swangerskap indien die adolessente meer kennis van die beskikbare ondersteuning gehad het. Dit is veral opmerklik ten opsigte van maatskaplike welsynsdienste, wat ŉ vername rol speel in die opvoeding van adolessente, hulle ouers en die gemeenskap aangaande seksualiteit, adolessente swangerskap en die belangrikheid van ondersteuning. Daarby benadruk die aanbevelings die belangrikheid van die bevordering en fasilitering van portuurgroepopvoeding en ondersteuningsdienste, wat van groot waarde vir adolessente kan wees. Om ondersteuning van portuurgroepe te ontvang, kan nie slegs hoogseffektief wees nie, maar ook toelaat dat swanger adolessente ŉ positiewe bydrae aan ander adolessente kan maak wat hulle in dieselfde situasie mag bevind. Sodoende word swanger adolessente bemagtig en bemoedig, wat noodsaaklik is in ŉ omgewing waar hulle tipies vermy en as mislukkings beskou word.

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楊立平 und Lap-ping John Young. „Using cultural perspective to study teenage computer crime“. Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2002. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31979415.

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Oliver-McFarlane, Cheryl. „What is causing teenage girls to act out violently? : a qualitative perspective“. Thesis, McGill University, 2001. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=32829.

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The phenomenon of female teenage violence within the last decade has been receiving rapid social interest and concern. The present study is concerned with exploring causes for teenage girl violence. Specifically, this qualitative study seeks to explore and describe teenage girl violence from the experiences and perspectives of girls aged 16 to 19 years of age whom have been in the past arrested and/or incarcerated for violent crimes. Data was collected using a semi-structured interviewing format. Five teenaged girls having current or past involvement with the Child Welfare system were interviewed. Despite the study's limitations, findings indicated several variations on similar common themes. These themes are discussed using three main categories of findings: (1) entrance into the legal system, (2) social aspects and (3) cultural presence. The need for describing and understanding why teenage girls act out violently in the ways they do was evident from the perspective of the girls themselves.

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Levy, Jonathan. „Deviance and social control among Haredi adolescent males“. Thesis, McGill University, 2004. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=84522.

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The ultra-Orthodox (haredi) Jewish community includes the Hasidim and misnagdim who believe that they are the true followers of God's commandments, as He intended them to be followed when presented at Sinai, and as interpreted and codified by the Mishnah, Talmud, and other Rabbinic works. Little research has examined deviance within this group. This thesis delves into types of deviant behaviors taking place among haredi adolescents, as well as their causes, so that effective interventions, sensitive to the virtually unique needs of this group, can be implemented. Theoretical definitions of deviance are examined as they relate to this community and its emphasis on religious observance. Ultimately, deviance is defined as matters that can distract the individual from expected levels of religious observance.
Using Urie Bronfenbrenner's Ecological Model of Human Development, this thesis also explores the environmental factors contributing to a rise in deviant behavior in segments of the Montreal ultra-Orthodox community. From an analysis of data obtained from numerous interviews with community members as well as with mental health professionals familiar with this group, four contributing factors to the rise of deviant behavior among adolescent boys are identified. These factors test current haredi methods of maintaining strong cultural boundaries and may suggest that changes are necessary to cope with current challenges. The lure of mainstream culture is a strong draw for adolescents and advances in technology allow these individuals to easily engage in secret deviant behavior while remaining in good standing within the community. Moreover, the rigid structure of the school day with its long hours and intensive curriculum makes it difficult to accommodate the needs of all students. Changes in family structure, dynamics, and composition, as well as an increasingly stringent interpretation of religious law have also contributed to a rise in deviance. Finally, community financial weakness is explored as it relates to adolescence and a loss of religious identity.

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Sham, Priscilla, und 沈蔚. „Post-90s Hong Kong girl activists and their struggles for recognition“. Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2012. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B4833022X.

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At present, adolescent girls in Hong Kong face increasing pressure from society as most adults believe these girls are rebellious, promiscuous, apathetic, and dependent. In order to examine these claims, this study explores the following: 1) ‘Post-90s’ girls’ perceptions about themselves and the labels ‘Post-80s’ and ‘Post-90s’; 2) how they participate in social movements to redefine their identities as daughters, students, young women, and Hong Kong citizens; 3) their family relationship and their strategies to manage family expectations; and 4) their experiences in the social movements they join, and the effects of their participation on their social and personal lives. I adopt the post-structuralist feminist perspective to explore six girl activists’ agency, life choices, and strategies in managing their relationships within their families, schools, and communities. I follow the interpretivist constructivist approach in examining the process by which these girls give meanings to their practices and personal relationships. I employ methods such as focus group, participant observation, and in-depth interviews to explore their desires, need for social recognition, and life constraints. The results reveal that girl activists want autonomy from their parents. They need their teachers and schoolmates to appreciate their non-academic achievements. They crave society’s acknowledgment of their non-economic contributions in mobilising social change and the cultural values of local cultural heritages and natural landscapes. In the social movements, they want to make new friends who share their visions about social development. They also wish to learn new skills and knowledge from the movements and be able to use them in their daily lives. There are four main interpersonal strategies that the girls employ to manage their personal relationships: 1) they negotiate, 2) deploy alternative identities, 3) make media exposure, and 4) become pioneers to educate their parents, teachers, and schoolmates. They also employ other strategies to mobilise social movements (including the use of cosplay, arts, and alternative media exposure) and draw people’s attention to the causes that concern them. Thus, I argue that the post-90s girl activists distinguish themselves from the ‘Kong Nui’. They believe that Kong Nuis are indifferent to social issues, are uninterested in politics and activism, and would rather focus on consuming branded products. To distinguish themselves from the Kong Nuis, the post-90s girl activists adopt alternative lifestyles (e.g., becoming farmers) and unconventional attitudes towards social development. They are aware that mainstream people regard them as awkward, and they do feel frustrated about being belittled. Nevertheless, they are happy if they can enlighten other people about socio-political injustices in Hong Kong and finding alternative lifestyles. This research has three major contributions. It identifies various ways for young women to make themselves young women icons. It also discusses the new social problems that concern the girl activists, including government-business collusion and ‘property hegemony’. It also demonstrates that, apart from sexual, affective and material desires, teenage girls also need social recognition. Girl activists struggle to be recognised as full members in their families, schools, communities and Hong Kong society by actively participating in social movements.
published_or_final_version
Social Work and Social Administration
Master
Master of Philosophy

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Ip, Ping Lam. „From purification of "sins" to negotiation of boundaries: exploring assimilation of children of Mainland new arrivals in Hong Kong secondary school context“. HKBU Institutional Repository, 2017. https://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_oa/442.

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This study aims to enrich existing local sociological literatures on Mainland new arrivals by exploring the assimilation of their children, including 1.5 generation born in Mainland China and second generation born in Hong Kong. In particular, it focuses on the everyday schooling experiences of children of Mainland new arrivals, such as their learning experiences, their relationship with school or teachers, and their everyday communication with peers. Combining Michele Lamont's concept of boundary and Pierre Bourdieu's concepts of field and capitals with contemporary assimilation theories in the U.S., this study conceptualizes assimilation as a multidimensional process through which migrants and their subsequent generations use different available strategies and capitals to adopt, negotiate, and draw boundaries in various social fields in order to be recognized members of the host community they are living in. Drawing on 11 in-depth interviews with children of Mainland new arrivals studying in secondary school, this study finds that, contrary to the oppressive experiences of first generation Mainland new arrivals especially mothers, second / 1.5 generations have more room or structurally enabled agency to negotiate rather than simply adopt boundaries defining "us" and "other" in the school context. This can be seen, for example, when second and 1.5 generation students alike actively use and modify social meanings represented in cultural products such as electronic games and TV programs to draw boundaries to build and sustain peer relationship in school.

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Adams, Hermie E. „Case study of the educational experiences of four teenage mothers in two high schools in the Buffalo City Metropole“. Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/468.

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Teenage pregnancy is a worldwide phenomenon. World Health Organisation (2009) reports that teenage mothers between the ages of 15-19 years account for 11% of births recorded worldwide. In South Africa it has been estimated that teenagers aged 17-19 account for 93% of all teenage pregnancies. A large proportion of these adolescents return to school after giving birth. Research has shown that there is a great deal of controversy about not only pre-marital sex, but also concerning whether teenage mothers should be allowed back in school at all. The aim of this study was to gain some insights into the lived experiences of teenage mothers in schools with particular reference to how they cope with school work and the responsibilities of motherhood. A case study of four teenage mothers who returned to school after giving birth was carried out. In-depth phenomenological interviewing designed to elicit the voices of the selected adolescents was done. There were five main findings. First, all four teenagers were minors, under the age of 18 when they gave birth. Two of them were even under the statutory age of consent. Second, upon return to school, teenage mothers experienced stigmatisation from peers and teachers and this forced them to continually negotiate their dual identities as mothers and learners. Third, teenage mothers experienced psychological emotions of stress; low self-esteem; shame and depression. Fourth, they also had sociological experiences in the form of material, financial and social support from family and friends. In some cases they experienced rejection from peers and abandonment by boyfriends who had made them pregnant. Some educators discriminated against and ridiculed teenage mothers. Fifth, teenage mothers reorganised their lives after childbirth and established routines that enabled them to cope with the demands of school work and the responsibilities of motherhood. iii The study concludes that, although viewed with scepticism by sections of the community and some educators, and given that some pregnancies are a result of abuse and unequal power relations between men and women in society, the policy of allowing teenage mothers back to school after giving birth gives them another chance to re-focus their lives. It is recommended that the voices of teenage mothers who return to school after childbirth should be taken into account to inform any planning for future policies on teenage pregnancy by schools and the state. It is further recommended that all educators should also be trained to be able to assist the teenage mothers instead of alienating them. There should also be counselling services available for the teenage mothers to enable them to deal with psychological and sociological problems they might encounter. For further research, students from different backgrounds should be the target of similar research. Another area of research should focus on academic performance of teenage mothers who return to school after giving birth. Lastly, there should be research that seeks to link what is taught in the Life Orientation curriculum and voices of teenage mothers.

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Leary, Joy DeGruy. „A Dissertation on African American Male Youth Violence: "Trying to Kill the Part of You that Isn’t Loved"“. PDXScholar, 2001. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/3924.

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This dissertation is based on Sociocultural Theory, Social Learning Theory and Trauma Theory, as well as a new theoretical framework (Post Traumatic Slave Syndrome) which takes into account multigenerational trauma. Five research questions involving independent variables believed to predict violent behavior in African American male youth were investigated. The first three questions addressed stressors experienced by African Americans: violence witnessing, violence victimization, and daily urban hassles. The fourth and fifth questions concerned the sociocultural characteristics of racial socialization and prosocial attitudes toward respect. Participants were 200 African American male youth residing in inner Northeast Portland, Oregon who were recruited from four organizations: The Portland House of Umoja residential facility, McLaren Youth Correctional Facility, Donald E. Long Youth Correctional Facility and the Bridge Builders Gentlemen's Rites of Passage Program. The study included two groups of African American male youth ages 14 to 18, 100 of whom were incarcerated and 100 of whom were non-incarcerated. All five independent variables significantly predicted use of violence in separate regression equations. Multiple regression analyses revealed that the strongest predictor of the use of violence was victimization extent which alone accounted for 43.3% of the total variance in use of violence. In the second step of the regression, witnessing was added to the equation which increased the explained variance to 49.2%. The third and final step added prosocial attitudes toward respect to the regression accounting for a total of 51.2% of the variance of the extent of the use of violence. Variables excluded from the final regression equation were racial socialization and urban hassles which failed to significantly increase the prediction of the criterion variable of extent of use of violence. The data provide evidence that trauma characteristics of absent mothers, witnessing violence, experiencing violence, and feeling disrespected by others are key factors that can provide practitioners a better lens to use in assessment and treatment planning than the current response of punishment and incarceration for displays of violent behavior.

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Albert-Bocquet, Danièle. „Les maternités adolescentes en famille matrifocale en Guadeloupe“. Thesis, Paris, CNAM, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015CNAM1028/document.

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Aux Antilles françaises les maternités précoces se produisent dans des proportions significatives, comparées statistiquement aux autres départements de France métropolitaine. Ces naissances ont lieu principalement dans les milieux modestes de la société et leur nombre présente une grande stabilité au fil du temps.En société créole certains éléments culturels encouragent la survenue de grossesses précoces. Aussi cette recherche explore les relations entre les habitus culturels et la survenue des maternités précoces dans l'une des organisations familiales présente aux Antilles, qualifiée de matrifocale. Dans cette famille à centration maternelle la fonction de mère se trouve au principe de l'identité féminine. La maternité précoce est alors un processus acceptable d'entrée dans la vie adulte qui maintient le système matrifocal en homéostasie.Pour le comprendre, la recherche a eu recours à la sociologie de la famille et aux concepts de culture, d'adolescence, d'adultéité, de sexualité adolescente, ou encore d'éducation.La recherche s'est déroulée dans le département de la Guadeloupe. Après avoir rappelé le rôle, le statut et la fonction de la maternité en société Guadeloupéenne, les résultats de la recherche sont présentés à partir de la méthodologie suivante mise en œuvre : Le recueil de données concernant les jeunes filles mères, ou en voie de le devenir, s'est fait à partir de la méthode des récits de vie traités par l'analyse structurale, complétée par la réalisation de schémas actanciels. En collèges et en lycées des jeunes ont été interviewés, d'autres ont été sondés par questionnaire, afin de connaître leurs représentations de l'accès à l'âge adulte, et leur opinion concernant les maternités précoces. Des entretiens ont eu lieu avec les familles et les professionnels afin de saisir leurs approches.L'analyse des données révèle que certaines jeunes filles ont désiré avoir un enfant, et ont fait le nécessaire pour réaliser ce désir. D'autres jeunes filles ont rencontré la grossesse au cours de leur parcours personnel et ont décidé de la mener à terme, même si d'autres choix pouvaient être envisagés. Les entretiens avec les familles et les professionnels montrent que les résistances familiales exprimées à l'annonce de la grossesse de la jeune fille cèdent progressivement en raison de la place accordée à l'enfant en société guadeloupéenne. Par ailleurs les solidarités familiales contribuent à alléger le poids de son éducation
In the French West Indies, early pregnancies occur in significant proportions, statistically compared to other areas in mainland France. These births mainly take place in low-income families and their number has been steady over time.In the Creole society, some cultural elements lead to teen pregnancies. Therefore, this research delves into the relationship between cultural habits and the appearance of early pregnancies in one of the mother-centered family structures in the Caribbean society, named matrifocal. In that kind of family structure focused on motherhood, the mother's function is the female identity.Early motherhood is then an acceptable process of entering adulthood and to keep the homeostasis of the matrifocal system.In order to understand the process, the research has used the sociology of the family and the concepts of culture, teenage, adulthood, teenage sexuality or education.The study was conducted in the French department of Guadeloupe.After reviewing the role, status and function of motherhood in the Guadeloupean society, the results of this research are presented from the following methodology implementation: the data collection as regards young mothers, or about to become mothers, was made thanks to the life history method receiving structural analysis, completed with actancial diagrams.In middle and high schools, young people were interviewed; some were probed by questionnaire, in order to know their representation of the access to adulthood and their opinions on early pregnancy.Interviews were held with families and professionals in order to comprehend their approach.The data analysis revealed that some girls wanted to have a child and have taken steps to fulfil this desire.Other girls got pregnant during their personal history and decided to carry it out to term, even if other options could have been considered.Interviews with the families and professionals revealed that the resistance expressed by the families when they were announced the pregnancy, gradually gave way because of the importance given to children in the Guadeloupean society.Moreover, family solidarity contributes to relieving the burden of education

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Van, Wieling Rene Andrea. „Die lewenstyle en romantiese verhoudings van 'n groep adolessente meisies in Bishop Lavis“. Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/49921.

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Thesis (MPhil)--University of Stellenbosch, 2004.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The aim of the study is to investigate the. lifestyles and and romantic relationships of adolescent girls in the Bishop Lavis community. The study also explores the 'taxi-queen' phenomenon as a particular form of relationship. The study employed a qualitative methodology. Data were collected by means of a combination of two methods: firstly, two focus groups each consisting of seven high school learners between the ages of 16 and 18 years and secondly, in-depth interviews conducted with three adolescent girls between the ages of 16 and 20 years who were identified as'taxi-queens'. Regarding lifestyles of the young girls special attention was afforded to leisure activities, the role of the consumer market, domestic circumstances and future expectations. In the case of romantic relationships the study focused on the type of relationship the girls are involved in, reasons for their involvement, the nature and functions of romantic emotions, adolescent dating patterns, sexual behaviour and sexual violence. Regarding lifestyles findings indicate that leisure activities as well as the consumer market playa central role in the lives of these young girls. Leisure activities not only provide pleasure but also function as an escape mechanism from parental supervision, rules and interference. Young girls tend to experience romantic relationships as particularly positive and within these relationships sexuality represents a central component. Sexual activities appear to cornmense during earlier stages of the dating process. Furthermore, such activities are kept secret from parents due to fear of negative reactions and sex-related topics are seldom discussed with parents. Sexual violence often forms a component of romantic relationships between adolescent girls and boys. In conclusion the 'taxi-queen' relationship as a relatively unique form of romantic relationship is demonstrated with reference to the experiences of three young girls involved in such relationships. Recommendations for future research are made on the basis of the findings of this study.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die doel van hierdie studie is om ondersoek in te stel na die lewenstyle en romantiese verhoudings van 'n groep adolessente meisies in die Bishop Lavis gemeenskap. Die studie skenk ook aandag aan die 'taxi-queen' verskynsel as 'n besonderse vorm van romantiese verhouding. 'n Kwalitatiewe metodologiese benadering is gevolg. Data insameling het 'n kombinasie van twee metodes behels: eerstens, twee fokusgroepe bestaande uit sewe hoerskoolmeisies elk tussen die ouderdomme van 16 en 18 jaar en tweedens, in-diepte onderhoude met drie adolessente meisies tussen die ouderdom van 16 en 20 jaar wat as 'taxi queens' geidentifiseer is. Wat lewenstyle vanjong meisies betrefis daar veral gefokus op vryetydsbesteding, die rol van die verbruikersmark, huishoudelike omstandighede en toekomsverwagtinge van die groep meisies. Met betrekking tot romantiese verhoudings is daar hoofsaaklik op die volgende aspekte gefokus: die tipe verboudings waarin die meisies betrokke is, die redes vir hul betrokkenheid, die aard en funksies van romantiese emosies; adolessente hofmakery, die voorkoms van seksuele gedrag, seksuele geweld en dwang. Die studie bevind dat vryetydbesteding en die verbruikermark 'n sentrale rol in die lewe van hierdie meisies speeL Benewens die plesier wat daaruit geput word, funksioneer vryetydbesteding as 'n ontsnappingsmeganisme van ouerlike toesig, reels en inmenging van die kant van ouers. Die studie bevind verder dat jong meisies romantiese verhoudings as besonder positief beleef. Binne sodanige verhoudings verteenwoordig seksualiteit 'n sentrale komponent en seksuele aktiwiteite neem in aanvang tydens 'n vroee stadium in die proses van hofinakery. Betrokkenheid by seksuele aktiwiteite word vir ouers geheim gehou uit vrees vir negatiewe evaluering en jong meisies kommunikeer selde met hul ouers oor sekverwante onderwerpe. Verder is bevind dat seksuele geweld dikwels 'n komponent vorm van romantiese verhoudings tussen adolessente meisies en seuns. Ten slotte word die besonderse aard van die sogenaamde 'taxi-queen' verhouding beklemtoon aan die hand van die ervaringe van drie jong meisies betrokke by sodanige verhoudings. Op grond van die studie word daar aanbevelings vir verdere navorsing gemaak.

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Rhode, Jolene. „Tienermeisies se betrokkenheid by dwelmmisbruik : 'n gender perspektief“. Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/2907.

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Thesis (MEdPsych (Educational Psychology))--University of Stellenbosch, 2009.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die Kaapse Vlakte, die konteks vir die studie, word onder andere gekenmerk deur sy lae sosio-ekonomiese status, hoë werkloosheid, bende-aktiwiteite, gesinsgeweld, gebroke gesinstrukture en dwelmafhanklikheid. Tienerdogters wat in gemeenskappe op die Kaapse Vlakte opgroei, word daagliks aan hierdie hindernisse blootgestel, wat hulle meer vatbaar maak vir die misbruik van dwelmmiddels. Die doel van die studie was om tienermeisies in ’n benadeelde gemeenskap wat dwelmmiddels gebruik, se perspektiewe met betrekking tot dwelmmisbruik te ondersoek. Die studie het ’n genderperspektief aangeneem, met ander woorde dit het vroue as subjekte sentraal geplaas en hulle probleem met dwelmmisbruik ondersoek. Min navorsing oor dwelmmisbruik fokus op vroue, ten spyte van ’n veronderstelling dat misbruik onder vroue ernstige gevolge vir die samelewing inhou. Aangesien ek gepoog het om hierdie tienermeisies se behoeftes aan ondersteuning en moontlike maniere waarop hierdie behoeftes aangespreek kan word, te verstaan en te beskryf, het ek van ’n kwalitatiewe navorsingsontwerp gebruik gemaak en die studie vanuit ’n interprevistiese paradigma benader. Data is met behulp van onderhoude, persoonlike refleksies en observasies bekom. Die navorsingsbevindinge het getoon dat die tienerdogters se huislike omstandighede deur enkelouerskap en afwesige vaderskap vererger word, dat daar ’n gebrek aan kommunikasie tuis is en dat hulle behoeftes aan liefde en emosionele sekuriteit uitspreek. Die tienerdogters voer aan dat hulle dwelms gebruik om van hul probleme tuis te ontvlug. In hierdie studie oor tienerdogters se redes vir en perspektiewe ten opsigte van dwelmmisbruik, toon data dat hulle duidelike behoeftes aan ondersteuning het - tuis sowel as in die samelewing waarin hulle leef.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The Cape Flats is characterized by low socio-economic status, high unemployment, gang activities, crime, domestic violence, broken family structures and drug dependency. As a teenage girl, living in communities on the Cape Flats, there is often the possibility of being vulnerable to the misuse of drugs. The aim of this study was to investigate the perceptions of teenage girls using drugs in a disadvantaged community. The study adopted a gendered perspective that places women as subjects central to the problem of drug abuse. Little research focuses on women using drugs despite the consequences it poses for society. The study attempts to understand and describe teenage girls’ need for support as well as ways in which their needs can be addressed. A qualitative interpretivist research design was used to gain insight into and understanding of the participants’ perspectives. The data were collected by means of interviews, reflective diaries and observations. The research findings indicate that single parenting and absent fathers worsen the teenage girls’ home circumstances, that there is a lack of communication at home and that they express a need for love and emotional security. Furthermore, teenage girls use drugs to escape from the problems they face at home. The results suggest a need for adequate and appropriate support in the home environment as well as in society.

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Strong, Elizabeth A. „The relationship between perceived parents’ parenting style and socioeconomic status among gifted students living in a residential academy in a midwestern state“. 2010. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1632471.

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The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between gifted students’ perceived parents’ parenting styles living in a residential academy and socioeconomic status. It was also the purpose to investigate if a relationship exists between students’ perceived parents’ parenting styles and their gender. Parenting style was measured by a validated 60-question Parenting Style Questionnaire. The findings were unlike previous research and suggest that residential gifted students may perceive their parents’ parenting styles more negatively than average ability students. Participants did not perceive their parents’ parenting styles differently among socioeconomic status (SES) which is unlike previous research which uses socioeconomic status as a predictor of parenting style among non-gifted students (Pinderhughes, Bates, Dodge, Pettit, & Zelli, 2000) . Statistically significant differences were also found between gifted students’ perceptions of their mothers and fathers. It is the intention of this study to use the results as a starting point for others to investigate residential gifted students and dedicate more studies to gifted research.
Department of Family and Consumer Sciences

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Lekganyane, Mmasetsana Glory. „Exploration on the nature of resources for school going teenage mothers“. Thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/1232.

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M.A.
This study was conducted at Mankweng District in Limpopo Province initially known as Northern Province. The study was undertaken to explore the nature of the resources for school going teenage mothers and to address the gap in identifying that. The study used a quantitative research design, with fourty respondents. Respondents were 10 school going teenage mothers; 10 parents of school going teenage mothers, 10 social workers and 10 teachers. A structured questionnaire was used to obtain information on socio-economic factors, contraceptive knowledge, sex education, the utilization of human and non human resources and services offered by different practitioners. The results confirmed that various practitioners did not work as a system in addressing the problem of teenage mothers. It also presented focus on lack of communication between parents and teenagers regarding sexuality education. Most of the teenage mothers were not utilizing the existing non human resources. Both of these conclusions pose critical challenges for health promoters.
Dr. E. Oliphant Prof. W.A. Mitchell

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Mayeda, David T. (David Tokiharu). „Re-conceptualizing risk : adolescents in Hawaiʻi talk about rebellion and respect“. Thesis, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10125/12056.

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Sa-Brown, Cheryl. „From K-GED : Maine teenagers describe social, emotional, and relational factors and conditions involved in their decisions to drop out and complete with a GED /“. 2008. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/theses.asp?highlight=1&Cmd=abstract&ID=EDU2008-010.

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Velez-Grau, Carolina. „Social Connectedness, Self-esteem, Suicidal Ideation, and Suicide Attempts among Latina/o Adolescents in the United States“. Thesis, 2019. https://doi.org/10.7916/d8-hdzx-hz67.

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The purpose of this dissertation is to investigate interpersonal and sociocultural factors associated with suicide ideation and attempts among Latinx adolescents. In this dissertation, the term Latinx is used to include gender non-conforming youth. Latina/o or Latinx refer to adolescents of Latin American origin who speak Spanish. Hispanics are those with Spanish language heritage including countries such as Spain that are not in Latin America. Thus, the terms Latino/a and Latinx captured best the ethnic group represented in this dissertation. This dissertation is composed of three papers. Paper one (#1) examines the association between social connectedness, in the family and school domains, self-esteem, and suicidal ideation among Latinx adolescents. This paper provides context for the second and third papers. Paper two (#2) examines whether immigration generational status moderates the relationship between social connectedness, self-esteem, and suicidal ideation among this group of adolescents. Paper three (#3) focuses on only those adolescents who have reported histories of suicidal ideation in the previous year and examines prospectively the degree to which social connectedness and self-esteem are associated with the transition from suicidal ideation to attempt a year later. This dissertation is guided by the Interpersonal Theory of Suicide (IPTS) and the Sociocultural Model of Suicide. The IPTS provides the constructs to understand who is at risk for suicidal ideation and the Sociocultural Model of Suicide provides the cultural lenses through which these constructs are examined. Dr. Thomas Joiner, the developer of IPTS (personal communication, April 18,2019) confirmed that the variables selected in this study captured the IPTS constructs of social connectedness and self-esteem, the latter a dimension of burdensomeness.

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Harrison, Kathy Lorraine. „Changing communities, changing goals and changing dreams : youth perceptions of present and future possibilities in coastal British Columbia“. 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1828/793.

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Sowden, Linda. „"I'm just a child having a child" : an exploration of the experiences of pregnant teenagers and young mothers in a low socio-economic urban area“. Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10539/12947.

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This research project looks at the experiences of a group of pregnant teenagers in a low socio-economic area. Teenage sexuality and pregnancy has been the subject of substantial research in South Africa and the rest of the world as it is a global issue. The challenge that pregnant teenagers face are to manage schooling, pregnancy and mothering rather than dropping out of school. This study was conducted using a qualitative research method through semi-structured interviews. The participants consisted of fourteen teenagers ranging from fifteen to eighteen years of age. The teenagers were either pregnant or had delivered their babies. They attended the local high school with the exception of one participant who had dropped out of school. I interviewed one Life Orientation educator from the local high school and one ante natal nursing sister from the local municipal clinic. Teenage pregnancy produced gender inequalities as the female adolescent is unable to attend school whilst recuperating from the birth of the child; the male continues attending school regardless of fathering the child. Culturally it was inappropriate to receive sex education at home so information was gained within the formal setting of Life Orientation classes, peers or social media. Due to varying degrees of familial support, the teenagers were able to return to school after the birth of their babies. The level of family support ranged from taking over full responsibility of the child so the adolescent continued with her former life to the teenager having to care for the child when returning from school and only being able to complete homework tasks once the baby was asleep. Agency was most apparent in the decision of abortion. The teenagers would not be forced into the procedure if it was not the option of their choice despite pressure from boyfriends and family. Teenagers also showed agency in ending relationships with their partners if the partner was dating other girls concurrently. However, they did not use agency in the negotiation of condom use despite stating that they were in equal relationships with their boyfriends. This indicates how structures may constrain agency, specifically structures that are located in gendered inequalities. The teenagers were knowledgeable about the facts of condom use as protection against pregnancy and disease but these facts were not put into practice. Discourses suggest female teenagers’ fear of being rejected by their partner through the insistence of condom use and male domination over the female.

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Yom, Tiana. „Looking At The Whole Child Through Student Health Profiles: A Latent Class Analysis of CDC 2019 National Youth Risk Behavior Survey Data“. Thesis, 2021. https://doi.org/10.7916/d8-gqbs-4v30.

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The purpose of this research is to discover the extent to which there is a typology of students’ health risk behaviors and to what extent are those typologies associated with academic achievement using the 2019 national Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS) dataset. This is a secondary data analysis study using a national representative sample (n=11,410) of high school students, grades 9 to 12, in the United States. YRBS is a national school-based, paper-based 99-item survey used to assess 121 health-related behaviors among all high school students in the United States and is biennially conducted by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC, 2020). While research efforts on health and academic achievement is vastly growing, there is a limited number of studies that are analyzing multiple health-risk behaviors concurrently as well as exploring their potential impacts on educational outcomes. Furthermore, previous studies have utilized cluster and/ or factor analyses. However, this statistical approach will show how students are clustered into groups and does not provide information such as the probability that a given student is bullied or suicidal. A 3-step Latent Class Analysis (LCA) was conducted to identify and understand the various profiles of students who experienced and/ or were exposed to certain health-risk behaviors. The health-risk behaviors of interest, the latent variables, were school-related violence, physical activity, screen time, and sleep. Using LCA, results show that there are four significantly different typologies, or profiles, of student health-risk behaviors: Level 1 The Most Support Needed (TMSN), Level 2 Suicide Prevention Needed (SPN), Level 3 Coping Mechanism for Bullying Needed (CMBN), Level 4 Least Support Needed (LSN). In tandem, contextual factors such as age, sex, grade level, race and ethnicity were significantly associated with the odds of belonging to some of the groups. This study is connected to longer-term work. Implications of these groupings on school policies, student health outcomes, and building a school-based coordinated health system will be discussed.

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Cunningham, Sarah E. (Sarah Elizabeth). „Going somewhere or getting stuck : transitions to adulthood in rural Oregon“. Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/26469.

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This dissertation explores the real world problem of rural youth out-migration and finds that the central problem is one of persistent class difference in this rural Oregon town. The research that informs this dissertation was conducted in a rural community of approximately 2300 residents in Eastern Oregon, here called Talltown. Data was collected through participant observation, photovoice (n = 8) and semi- structured interview (n = 63) among adolescents, emerging adults, and adults, specifically those working with local youth. The dissertation explores the ways in which Talltown youth encounter, internalize, and strategically enact dominant and counter norms of the local and larger fields. The primary finding of this dissertation is that as rural communities vie for position in the era of global neoliberalism, they discursively impose a similar competitive logic upon their youth, which reinforces the myth of meritocracy yet supports persistent class difference. Using the themes of "going somewhere" and "getting stuck," this dissertation aims to make visible, and thus challenge the hierarchical system with which class and other forms of socially constructed difference persist.
Graduation date: 2012

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Marinus, Denise Ronelle. „Adolescents' experiences and coping strategies with parental substance addiction within a rural farming community : a social work perspective“. Diss., 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/18806.

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The abuse of and addiction to substances by parents of adolescents, especially in rural areas, is recognised as a major national and international social concern. South African legislation and policy documents provide a framework that emphasises the need to protect and care for children of addicted parents. Literature and recent studies, however, do not focus on how adolescents in rural communities experience dealing with an addicted parent. For this reason, this research study explored and described the experiences and coping strategies of adolescents in rural communities regarding the parents’ addiction. The study was based on a qualitative research approach and made use of the contextual, explorative, descriptive and narrative research designs. The findings illustrate the descriptions of participants’ perceptions and experiences related to living in a farming community, the nature of parental substance addiction, how it affects them, how they deal with it and their perceptions of support needed by them. Recommendations in terms of the micro, mezzo and macro levels serves as guidelines for social workers to assist adolescents of substance-addicted parents with the needed support, protection and care.
Social Work
M.A. (Social Work)

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Phuthi, Kesiwe. „Investigating the psycho-social needs of orphaned adolescent learners in the context of HIV and AIDS : a case study of a high school in Bulawayo, Zimbabwe“. Diss., 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/14331.

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Orphans from child care institutions and from extended families attend the same schools as non-orphans. They are often given the same psycho-social support yet it is clear that they have different psycho-social needs. Their backgrounds are usually different from those of other adolescent learners because, often, they would have observed or nursed sick parents who eventually died from AIDS-related illnesses. This qualitative study aimed at investigating the psycho-social needs of orphaned adolescent learners in child care institutions and those in extended families in the context of HIV and AIDS. The study further sought to find out how the psycho-social needs affected the HIV- and AIDS-affected orphans’ school performance and social behaviour. In-depth interviews were conducted with four orphaned learners from child care institutions and four from extended families using open-ended questions. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the data. Findings of the study were that the psycho-social needs of AIDS-affected orphans in families were met by relatives more than those of AIDS-affected orphans in child care institutions. The results of the study also revealed that there was not much difference in school performance between HIV- and AIDS-affected orphans from extended families and those from child care institutions. Thus this study contributes to Sociological and Behavioural literature in the area of HIV and AIDS as well as the education literature of the vulnerable groups like orphans. The school offered psycho-social support en masse with no special programme for orphans affected by HIV and AIDS for fear of stigmatising the orphans.
Health Studies
M.A. (Social Behaviour Studies in HIV/AIDS)

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Sibanda, Joyce. „Factors influencing primary health care services utilisation by children living in child-headed households in a rural community of Swaziland“. Diss., 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/19195.

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Text in English
Background: Children living in child-headed households have health needs that require treatment and care. Matsanjeni is one of the poorest socio-economic areas of Swaziland with the high number of children orphaned by HIV and AIDS who are often living without adequate family and social supports. These conditions are known for increasing people vulnerability to diseases and hindering access and utilization of health services. However, children living in child-headed households in Matsajeni community do attend the primary health care (PHC) services on regular basis. What influence the utilization of the above services by children living in child-headed households in the Matsanjeni community is not clear and well documented. Aim of the study: To explore and describe the views of children living in child-headed households in a rural community of Swaziland regarding factors influencing their utilization of PHC services. Design: A qualitative descriptive design was used to guide the study. Purposive sampling was used to select the most senior child from child-headed households in a rural community. Semi-structured individual face-to-face interviews were used to generate data. Data saturation was reached after twenty interviews. Thematic content analysis was used to analyse data. The researcher used Andersen behavioural model was to identify and organised the emerged themes. Ethical clearance was obtained from the Ethics Committees of the University of South Africa and the Ministry of Health of Swaziland. Results: Fear to develop a deadly disease, perceived seriousness of the condition, desire for compliance to medical treatment, and community support emerged as enablers of primary health care services utilisation among children living in child-headed households. While lack of money, ignorance, shortage of healthcare personnel, negative behaviour and attitude of health professionals, long waiting hours, unreliable transportation system, and long distance emerged as inhibitors of primary health care services utilisation among children living in child-headed households. Conclusion and recommendation: The results of this study add to our understanding factors that positively and negatively influence the utilisation of primary health care services among children living in child-headed households in rural communities. The findings suggest that the utilisation of primary health care services among children living in child-headed households is influenced by need for care-enabling resources-experience of care triad. Behavioural and social welfare interventions are needed to enhance the utilisation of primary health care services among this vulnerable section of the community in Swaziland. Recommendation for further research is also articulated.
Health Studies
M.A. (Public Health)

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„Acculturation of young new arrivals from Mainland China to Hong Kong“. 2001. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b6073391.

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Chan Raymond Mow-chiu.
"2001."
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2001.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 218-234).
Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web.
Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, MI : ProQuest Information and Learning Company, [200-] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web.
Mode of access: World Wide Web.
Abstracts in English and Chinese.

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Oyedele, Oluwaseyi Abiodun. „Guidelines to prevent teenage pregnancy based on the Johnson Behavioural Systems Model“. Thesis, 2010. http://encore.tut.ac.za/iii/cpro/DigitalItemViewPage.external?sp=1000515.

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Thesis (MTech. degree in Nursing)--Tshwane University of Technology, 2010.
Teenage pregnancy is a major public health problem for this age group in many countries. The consequences of early childbearing are a reduced likelihood of school completion and a decreased opportunity of a high earning career. The motivation of this study was twofold, the increase in the terminations of pregnancies in Soshanguve and the lack of guidelines for health professionals to prevent teenage pregnancy. The research question for the study was using the Johnson Behavioural System Model as basis.

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Zangeneh, Masood. „Gender differentiated motivational orientation and its relationship with the acculturation process“. Thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/19023.

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OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to examine the associations among gender-differentiated motivational orientations (integrative and instrumental), acculturation success, and risky behaviours (illicit substance use and gambling behaviour) among Iranian youth who have immigrated to Toronto. DESIGN: Given the exploratory nature of the proposed research, a cross-sectional research design was used. SUBJECTS: A combination of purposive-proportional quota sampling and snowball sampling methods were employed. The sample for this research was comprised of 308 participants (M=155, F=153) who 1) were born in Iran, 2) had recently immigrated to Canada from Iran 2-8 years ago, and 3) were currently attending high school, enrolled in Grade 9, 10, 11, or 12 (ages 15 to 18) in Toronto. RESULTS: The results of the current study confirm 1) the findings in the existing literature that adherence to an instrumental motivational orientation is positively correlated with risktaking behaviours; 2) confirm some of the existing literature findings, which suggest that lower levels of acculturation are negatively associated with problem behaviours; 3) show that males possess an instrumental motivational orientation significantly more than females, and that females possess an integrative motivational orientation significantly more than males; 4) indicate that male participants show significantly lower levels of acculturation while female participants demonstrate higher level of acculturation, which confirms that acculturation is significantly determined by gender; and 5) partially support some of the claims in the literature; for example, it found males are more at risk for illicit drugs, while females to be more at risk for alcohol consumption. DISCUSSION The current study is among the first to examine the interrelationships among illicit substance use and gambling behaviour, acculturation success/stress, and motivational orientation among Iranian adolescent immigrants. To understand the predictors of success or failure among adolescent youth, replication of the current study is necessary.
Psychology
D. Litt. et Phil. (Psychology)

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Scholtz, Cornelia. „Geweld in die lewe van dogters in 'n landelike nedersetting in Gazankulu“. Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/11680.

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M.Litt. et Phil. (Anthropology)
On the far eastern border of the Mhala district of Gazankulu there is a village called Dixie. The residents of this village and their conditions of living formed the setting for my research. The research was strictly ethnographic, and so is this thesis, given the dire shortage of in-depth ethnographic information particularly on the experiences of teenage girls. The research revealed various facets of the lives of these people. Whilst the research included all the teenage girls of the village, and most of the teenage boys, information on only four girls was singled out for the thesis, because of the diversity in their experiences and to demonstrate the impact of unique circumstances on the experience of violence. To the case material of these four girls, was added that of a teenage boy to highlight the contrast between the lives of girls and boys in this social setting. The events that formed a significant part in the daily lives of the girls and the boy were diarised in detail so as not to tamper with the information as far as possible. It emerged that girls were consistently subjected to violence by those persons with whom they were closely involved. Poverty contributes largely to the amount and intensity of violence on female persons, and it is thus violence which dominates social life in the village for these people. The result is a chain of events that is shocking and deeply disturbing. The information reveals very clearly the extent of male domination which is still prevalent in our society and it exposes the continual subjugation women experience daily in the struggle against men and poverty. This thesis wishes to challenge social scientists of our time to focus their attention on violence in much more detail than has been the case until now.

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Nyembezi, Nceba. „Grade 12 learners' perceptions of their vulnerability to HIV-infections : a study in the Eastern Cape“. Diss., 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/18578.

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The purpose of the study was to investigate Grade 12 learners’ perceptions of their vulnerability to HIV infections in order to gain insight of their experiences on HIV and AIDS at schools in the Eastern Cape. This was done by using a mixed method approach where focus-group discussions and questionnaires were used to gather data. This study found that the teaching of HIV and AIDS or Life Skills is not adequate. It is possible that the lack of learner involvement in the design and implementation of the programmes could be one of the reasons why there is low participation by learners in intervention programmes in schools, as noted in this study. There is need for strong advocacy on the use of condoms as a preventive measure against unwanted pregnancies, and sexually transmitted diseases (STIs) including HIV. More involvement in extra-curricular activities would help learners to develop self-esteem and the ability to resist drugs and other risky sexual behaviours.
Social Work
M.A. (Social Behaviour Studies in HIV & AIDS)

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Bekwa, Bonisile Goodness. „Life experiences of multiparous teenage mothers in selected communities in the Eastern Cape“. Diss., 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/26773.

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The purpose of this study was to explore the life experiences of multiparous teenage mothers at selected communities in the Eastern Cape Province. The population for this study was pregnant teenage mothers aged 12-18 years having at least one previous pregnancy, living in the catchment areas of the provincial hospital of Bizana in the Alfred Nzo District of the Eastern Cape Province. Data were collected through 12 semi-structured individual interviews using a selfdeveloped interview schedule. The transcribed interviews were analysed by means of thematic analysis, using the five stages according to Terre Blanche, et al. (2006), namely familiarisation, inducing themes, coding, elaboration, and checking. Subcategories were grouped into 12 categories and five main themes. Findings on the life experiences of the multiparous teenage mothers are described according to the main themes, namely the everyday life of the teenage mothers, cultural practices leading to pregnancies, factors contributing to pregnancies, challenges experienced by teenage mothers, and messages from the teenage mothers. Recommendations focus on the role of social services to engage the multidisciplinary team and the community to assist in the empowerment of young mothers to break the cycle of multiparous teenage pregnancies and the negative impact thereof on the lives of young mothers.
Health Studies
M. P. H.

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Obeng, James Kutu. „Exploring the experiences of support in the life transitions of adolescent mothers living in care in Portugal“. Master's thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10071/20677.

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The aim of this study was to explore how adolescent mothers living in care in Portugal experience support in their life transitions. The study purposively sampled five adolescent mothers who were living in a care facility in Portugal because they became pregnant or mothers and were vulnerable. The qualitative research design was employed because the study sought to project the lived reality of adolescent mothers. The Skype video call interviewing was used for the data collection. Using a thematic analysis, the study identified themes that explained adolescent mothers’ experiences of support prior to motherhood, experiences of support in their transition to motherhood, strengths to manage life challenges, and future expectations of support. The study revealed that prior to motherhood, the adolescent mothers living in care experienced insufficient sexual support and unstable family relationships, resulting in their early pregnancies. Also, the study revealed that after their transition into motherhood, the adolescent mothers were placed into care where they experienced institutional support, sexual support, the presence of their estranged family, and social support from friends and partners. Furthermore, adolescent mothers living in care were able to develop strengths through their experiences of support and through willpower. Finally, the study found that adolescent mothers living in care had high expectations of life. They expected future support to achieve their hopes in education, employment, accommodation, and hopes for their children. This study recommends that sexual support for adolescent girls must be improved at multiple levels; family, school, and social media networks. Also, adolescent mothers must be regarded as people with strengths and high hopes, instead of people with low life expectations.

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Dvorak, Alexander Stephan. „Becoming an Internationals Student: What do Newcomer Adolescents do with a High School Designed for Them?“ Thesis, 2019. https://doi.org/10.7916/d8-73c8-e616.

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The United States is currently experiencing an unprecedented wave of immigration. When studying foreign-born students, anthropologists and sociologists have focused primarily on two areas: how schools integrate children into the American ‘mainstream’ and the complexities of foreign-born students learning English. Much of the debate centers on the best models for building academic English, comparing academic achievement of students by their home country, and comparing educational outcomes among different generations (e.g., newcomers versus second-generation students). In an effort to study successful models, some anthropologists of education have studied newcomer programs, such as the Internationals Network for Public Schools (INPS), that have been successful at graduating in higher numbers students recently arriving in the United States from non-English speaking countries. This ethnography builds on that line of work by looking at two areas that the literature has failed address: (1) how multiple actors in the political, philanthropic, and educational realms of the United States come together to design a school for foreign-born adolescents, and (2) how students, who find themselves in a school designed for recently-arrived foreign-born adolescents, navigate the school policies and structures, as implemented by the staff, and their fellow peers. To investigate these questions, this ethnography used participant observation, small group discussions, and interviews of students and staff at Voyager, a high school in the INPS, over the 2013-2014 school year. This dissertation reports several significant findings. First, students from smaller national and linguistic groups are forced to integrate, while those of the majority home language group are allowed to dominate linguistically and socially. Whereas in most schools White (or sometimes Black) American students are centered as the norm, in this INPS school that nucleus forms around the numerical majority, in this case Spanish speakers. To accommodate this social fact, students from smaller linguistic groups learn and use elements of the locally dominant language, Spanish. Second, while the existing literature largely praises the INPS model, some INPS students resist school structures and pedagogical techniques that are key to the INPS model, such as heterogeneous grouping and collaborative projects. This dissertation sheds light on the complex social negotiations underway in an Internationals schools providing a more nuanced picture. This ethnography argues that student pedagogical and language ideologies should be considered especially where they disagree with specific INPS policies, such as schooling ELLs together in the same school without native English speakers. It also argues that there may be certain unintended consequences for the dominant language group in a multilingual environment i.e. students in the dominant language group may have limited English language acquisition and academic success. The Internationals model might currently be the best model for educating newcomer students, but a critical look into an INPS school and its impact on the lives of students provides a strong contribution and a healthy critique that may help improve the model further.

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Pérez, Carreón José Gustavo. „Street working girls in Mexico City: pathways to resilience in an adverse world“. Thesis, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/2790.

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Munarini, Nditsheni Patrick. „The influence of the family and school in the development of the boy child’s behavioural conduct“. Diss., 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/27123.

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Family and school contexts have always been pivotal for shaping children’s behavioural conduct. They are associated with a laboratory where children are expected to learn about freedom, safety, socialisation and good behaviour. A family context lacking the provision of safety, security, love and happiness is tantamount to encouraging negative behaviour to children. The researcher utilized a qualitative research approach and gathered data by conducting face to face interviews with participants likely to inform the study. The researcher also utilized the purposive sampling technique to assemble a sample. Eight steps for qualitative data analysis as proposed by Tesch in Creswell (2009:186) were utilized for data analysis. Criteria for developing the trustworthiness of a qualitative inquiry as outlined by Lincoln and Guba (in Polit & Beck, 2008:539) were also used. The findings reveal that teacher-learner relationships in schools seem to play an important role in the development of behavioural conduct among learners. Learners who have close relationship with teachers appear to demonstrate social and academic competence at school in comparison with learners with distant relationship with teachers. Furthermore, strong family relationships were found to protect children from poor behavioural outcomes, whereas conflictual parentchild relationships and sibling rivalry interfered with children’s social relationships.
Social Work
M.A. (Social Work)

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Alexander, Pauline Ingrid. „A story that would (O)therwise not have been told“. Diss., 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/1764.

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My mini-dissertation gives the autobiography of Talent Nyathi, who was born in rural Zimbabwe in 1961. Talent was unwillingly conscripted into the Zimbabwean Liberation Struggle. On her return to Zimbabwe, she has worked tirelessly for the education of her compatriots. Talent's story casts light on subject-formation in conditions of difficulty, suffering and victimization. Doubly oppressed by her race and gender, Talent has nevertheless shown a remarkable capacity for self-empowerment and the empowerment of others. Her story needs to be heard because it will inspire other women and other S/subjects and because it is a corrective to both the notions of a heroic Struggle and the `victim' stereotype of Africa. Together with Talent's autobiography, my mini-dissertation offers extensive notes that situate her life story in the context of contemporary postcolonial, literary and gender theory and further draws out the significance of her individual `history-from-below'.
English Studies
M.A.

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