Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Teardrop trailer“

Abstract Objective To define and illustrate three new descriptors for microcalcification morphology on mammography, and provide a preliminary assessment of their potential clinical value. Methods The institutional review board approved this retrospective study and waived the requirement for informed consent. One thousand consecutive biopsy-proven cases of microcalcifications were retrospectively reviewed by the index study observer, a fellowship-trained breast radiologist blinded to histologic outcome. Each case was evaluated for traditional Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) morphology descriptors, as well as for the presence of one of three proposed new calcification morphology descriptors: (1) square, (2) sandwich, and (3) teardrop, pill & capsule. Positive predictive value (PPV) for each proposed shape was calculated. Interobserver variability was calculated on a subset of 200 cases, which were evaluated by two additional breast radiologists blinded to the interpretation of the index observer. Results Of 1000 cases, 702 (70.2%) were benign, and 298 (29.8%) were malignant. There were 51 (5.1%) square and 60 (6.0%) sandwich calcification cases, which were all benign at biopsy (PPV, 0%). Of the 106 (10.6%) cases that included teardrop, pill & capsule calcifications, 90 were malignant (PPV, 84.9%). Interobserver variability for the traditional BI-RADS morphology descriptors (κ = 0.40) was comparable to observer variability of the proposed new morphologies: square (κ = 0.39), sandwich (κ = 0.47), and teardrop, pill & capsule (κ = 0.49). Conclusion The proposed calcification descriptors square and sandwich-shaped had a PPV of 0%, and they may represent new typically benign morphologies. In contrast, teardrop, pill & capsule–shaped calcifications indicate a higher likelihood of malignancy than that of previously established descriptors.

The master thesis deals with the design of exterior and interior of a teardrop trailer. The final design is created in regard to knowledge from design and technical analysis and brings unique design aproach to the solution. The purpose of this work is to solve ergonomic and shaping problems and to introduce a teardrop trailer on the european market.