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Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Tea root tissues“
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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Tea root tissues"
1
Xiong, Hua Bin, Chang Qun Duan, Deng Gao Fu, Ming Zhi Liang, Kai Yan und Feng He. „Accumulation and Distribution of As in Different Tissues of Camellia sinensis“. Advanced Materials Research 848 (November 2013): 350–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.848.350.
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Arsenic is an important toxic substance in soil contamination, research of As accumulation and distribution in Camellia sinensis can explore adopting mechanism of tea plant to toxic substance and breeding of strong resistance varieties. In the research As content in root, stem and leaf part was detected on the condition of different concentration stress. The results showed that with the increase of treatment concentration relative change rate of tea plant was remarkable ascend. But, in root difference of five materials was most distinguished in low dose. In leaf when As concentration arrived 50 and 100mg/kg, difference of them was highly significant. Relative change rate from stem was not significant difference in all treatment.
2
Lv, Ya Min, Jing Ping Yang, Jun Yu He, Xing Zhao und Xin Yi Ye. „Effects of Phosphate Fertilizers on Bioavailable Lead in Tea Garden Soil and Lead Absorption and Accumulation by Tea Plants“. Applied Mechanics and Materials 651-653 (September 2014): 231–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.651-653.231.
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Tea is a widely consumed beverage in the world and an important economic crop in China. However in recent years tea gardens were increasingly contaminated by heavy metals such as lead (Pb). Root uptake of Pb could contribute significantly to Pb accumulation in tea leaves due to the strong acidity of tea garden soils. To reduce the Pb bioavailability and absorption by tea plants, a pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of 3 phosphate fertilizers separately with a normal application rate in the field of 0.2 g (P2O5) ·kg-1soil and a high application rate of 0.5 g (P2O5) ·kg-1soil on bioavailable Pb in tea garden soil and Pb absorption and accumulation by tea plants. Results showed that application of calcium magnesium phosphate significantly increased soil pH by up to 0.6 units from 3.50 to 4.13. Phosphate fertilizers resulted in an increase of bioavailable Pb concentration in tea garden soil under our experimental conditions. Pb concentration in tissues of the tea plants under different phosphate fertilizer treatments followed the order of root>stem>leaf. Calcium magnesium phosphate with a high application rate of 0.5 g P2O5·kg-1soil decreased Pb concentrations of roots, stems and leaves of tea plants significantly. For one phosphate fertilizer, Pb absorption in tea plants under high application rate was much lower than it under normal application.
3
Bai, Peixian, Kang Wei, Liyuan Wang, Fen Zhang, Li Ruan, Hailin Li, Liyun Wu und Hao Cheng. „Identification of a Novel Gene Encoding the Specialized Alanine Decarboxylase in Tea (Camellia sinensis) Plants“. Molecules 24, Nr. 3 (01.02.2019): 540. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24030540.
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Theanine, a unique amino acid in Camellia sinensis, accounts for more than 50% of total free amino acids in tea and has a significant contribution to the quality of green tea. Previous research indicated that theanine is synthesized from glutamic acid (Glu) and ethylamine mainly in roots, and that theanine accumulation depends on the availability of ethylamine which is derived from alanine (Ala) decarboxylation catalyzed by alanine decarboxylase (AlaDC). However, the specific gene encoding AlaDC protein remains to be discovered in tea plants or in other species. To explore the gene of AlaDC in tea plants, the differences in theanine contents and gene expressions between pretreatment and posttreatment of long-time nitrogen starvation were analyzed in young roots of two tea cultivars. A novel gene annotated as serine decarboxylase (SDC) was noted for its expression levels, which showed high consistency with theanine content, and the expression was remarkably high in young roots under sufficient nitrogen condition. To verify its function, full-length complementary DNA (cDNA) of this candidate gene was cloned from young roots of tea seedlings, and the target protein was expressed and purified from Escherichia coli (E. coli). The enzymatic activity of the protein for Ala and Ser was measured in vitro using ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS). The results illustrated that the target protein could catalyze the decarboxylation of Ala despite of its high similarity with SDC from other species. Therefore, this novel gene was identified as AlaDC and named CsAlaDC. Furthermore, the gene expression levels of CsAlaDC in different tissues of tea plants were also quantified with quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). The results suggest that transcription levels of CsAlaDC in root tissues are significantly higher than those in leaf tissues. That may explain why theanine biosynthesis preferentially occurs in the roots of tea plants. The expression of the gene was upregulated when nitrogen was present, suggesting that theanine biosynthesis is regulated by nitrogen supply and closely related to nitrogen metabolism for C. sinensis. The results of this study are significant supplements to the theanine biosynthetic pathway and provide evidence for the differential accumulation of theanine between C. sinensis and other species.
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Zhang, Hua, Yakang Song, Zhenglei Fan, Jianyun Ruan, Jianhui Hu und Qunfeng Zhang. „Aluminum Supplementation Mediates the Changes in Tea Plant Growth and Metabolism in Response to Calcium Stress“. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25, Nr. 1 (30.12.2023): 530. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms25010530.
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Tea plants are more sensitive to variations in calcium concentration compared to other plants, whereas a moderate aluminum concentration facilitates the growth and development of tea plants. Aluminum and calcium show a competitive interaction with respect to the uptake of elements, consequently exerting physiological effects on plants. To further explore these interactions, in this study, we used the solution culture method to treat tea plants with two calcium concentrations (0.8 mM and 5.6 mM) and three aluminum concentrations (0 mM, 0.4 mM, and 1 mM). We then determined the influence of the combined treatments on root growth and quality compound accumulation in the tissues by a combination of phenotype, gene expression, and metabolite analyses. Moderate aluminum supplementation (0.4 mM) alleviated the inhibition of root growth caused by high calcium stress. High calcium stress significantly inhibited the accumulation of most amino acids (e.g., Glutamic acid, Citulline, and Arginine) and organic acids (e.g., a-ketoglutaric acid) in the roots, stems, and leaves, whereas aluminum deficiency significantly increased most amino acids in the roots and leaves (except Serine, Alanine, and Phenylalanine in the roots and Ser in the leaves), with a more than two-fold increase in Arg and Lysine. High calcium stress also induced the accumulation of secondary metabolites such as epigallocatechin gallate and procyanidin in the roots, whereas aluminum supplementation significantly reduced the contents of flavonol glycosides such as quercetin, rutin, myricitrin, and kaempferitrin, as well as caffeine, regardless of calcium concentration. Aluminum supplementation reversed some of the changes in the contents of leaf metabolites induced by calcium stress (e.g., 4-dihydroquercetin, apigenin C-pentoside, phenethylamine, and caffeine). Overall, calcium stress caused severe growth inhibition and metabolic disorders in tea plants, which could be reversed by aluminum supplementation, particularly in maintaining the root tips and the accumulation of secondary metabolites. These results provide a theoretical basis for improving calcium-aluminum nutrient management to promote tea plant growth and quality.
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Magambo, M. J. S., und Kimani Waithaka. „The Effect of Pruning at Different Heights on Yields, Dry Matter Production and Partitioning in Clonal Tea (Camellia Sinensis) in Kenya“. Experimental Agriculture 21, Nr. 1 (Januar 1985): 67–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0014479700012266.
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SUMMARYDry matter production and partitioning in old clonal tea bushes pruned and maintained at different heights were investigated. New tissues (leaves, new branches and small roots) consti- tuted a small fraction of the total dry matter in all bushes pruned and initially maintained at 70, 40, 25 and 10 cm high, 36 months after pruning. Leaf/frame dry matter ratio was larger and the shoot/root and frame/root ratios were smaller in the bushes initially maintained at 10 cm than in the bushes maintained at other heights. Yields per unit area of the plucking surface were greatest in the smallest bushes initially maintained at 10 cm in 42 months of recording but on the basis of the available space they were greatest in the large bushes initially maintained at 70 cm.
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Zhang, Ruirui, Xiaoyue Lun, Yunhe Zhao, Yu Zhang, Yan Cao, Xiangzhi Zhang, Meina Jin, Zhengqun Zhang und Xiuxiu Xu. „RNAi-Mediated Interference with EonuGR1 Affects the Recognition of Phenylacetaldehyde by Empoasca onukii Matsuda (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae)“. Agronomy 13, Nr. 9 (25.08.2023): 2221. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13092221.
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Empoasca onukii Matsuda is a primary pest of the tea plant Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Ktze that severely influences the production and quality of tea products. Gustatory receptors (GRs) are an indispensable part of the E. onukii chemosensory machinery as members of the G-protein coupled receptor family. Insect odor and gustatory receptors are consumingly sensitive and selective sensory receptors to search for foraging, mates, and spawning sites. In this study, the gustatory receptor EonuGR1 was cloned and analyzed bioinformatically, and the expression levels of EonuGR1 in diverse tissues of E. onukii were tested via qRT-PCR. The behavioral response of E. onukii to volatile compounds was determined via RNA interference and Y-tube olfactometer assays to investigate the role of EonuGR1 in the olfactory recognition of E. onukii. The coding sequence length of EonuGR1 was 1062 bp, and the length of the protein encoded by EonuGR1 was 40.52 kD. The highest interference efficiency was observed after 3 h of dsEonuGR1 treatment via root soak treatment. Moreover, the response rates to phenylacetaldehyde at concentrations of 10 and 0.1 µL/mL were significantly downregulated in E. onukii. The responses to phenylacetaldehyde at concentrations of 10 and 100 µL/mL showed a significant decrease after dsEonuGR1 treatment for 12 h in E. onukii. In conclusion, EonuGR1 was highly expressed in the abdomen and functioned in olfactory recognition of the tea plant volatile phenylacetaldehyde by E. onukii. Overall, EonuGR1 has the potential as a gene target for the design of effective control strategies against E. onukii.
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N. Ramos, L. P., L. S. D. Nascimento, J. S. Lima, C. B. M. Farias, V. S. Mello und I. V. Kasburg. „Evaluation of the cytotoxic and genotoxic effect of garlic (Allium sativum L.) root cells after exposure to contaminant solution“. Scientific Electronic Archives 13, Nr. 3 (01.03.2020): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.36560/1332020823.
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Water contamination is much more common than imagined, because it is practically impossible today to have an ecosystem that has not suffered directly or indirectly from humans. Studies with the aim of genotoxicity and mutagenesis use bioindicators as the basis of tests, the most used are from the Allium ssp family. When we mention cytogenetic damage, the intensity depends mainly on the degree of exposure, quantity, chemical nature and of the possible combinations between the contaminants, also influenced by the characteristics and conditions of the environment in which the organisms considered bioindicators are submitted. The present work has the objective of analyzing the cytotoxic, genotoxic and mutagenic effects induced by contaminating material that cause chromosomal alterations by means of mitotic index analysis using as bioindicator Allium sativum (garlic). The experiment was carried out at the Laboratory of Cytogenetics and Culture of Vegetable Tissues at the University of the State of Mato Grosso (UNEMAT) at the Alta Floresta Campus - MT. The soil was collected and stored separately using 200 grams of each sample with three treatments: surface, 20 cm and 40 cm deep, making a tea with 200 ml of distilled water and then measuring the pH. Using a direct method where the bioindicator is submitted directly to the tea solution, awaiting the emission of roots, and the indirect method, where the bioindicator is submitted first, the stimulation of root formation for 72 hours and then is submitted to contaminating solution. The plates readings to observe the interior of the cell using crushing techniques were performed in 24, 48 and 72 hours of experiment (indirect method) and 24 hours (direct method, also measuring the roots). With the results, we can state that the material used as pollutant (soil sample) has a cytotoxic and genotoxic potential in the bioindicator material, presenting high potential in the cell cycle induction, provoking various chromosomal aberrations.
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Hu, Xiao-Fei, Fu-Sheng Chen, Michael L. Wine und Xiang-Min Fang. „Increasing acidity of rain in subtropical tea plantation alters aluminum and nutrient distributions at the root-soil interface and in plant tissues“. Plant and Soil 417, Nr. 1-2 (24.04.2017): 261–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11104-017-3256-3.
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Gościniak, Anna, Magdalena Paczkowska-Walendowska, Agnieszka Skotnicka, Marek A. Ruchała und Judyta Cielecka-Piontek. „Can Plant Materials Be Valuable in the Treatment of Periodontal Diseases? Practical Review“. Pharmaceutics 13, Nr. 12 (17.12.2021): 2185. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics13122185.
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Periodontal diseases are one of the most significant challenges in dental health. It is estimated that only a few percent of the worldwide population have entirely healthy teeth, and according to WHO, oral diseases may affect up to 3.5 billion people worldwide. One of the most serious oral diseases is periodontitis, an inflammatory disease affecting periodontal tissues, caused by pathogenic bacteria and environmental factors such as the ageing population, abuse of tobacco products, and lack of adequate oral hygiene due low public awareness. Plant materials are widely and successfully used in the management of many conditions, including periodontitis. Plant materials for periodontitis exhibit antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant activities and affect the periodontium structure. Numerous studies demonstrate the advantages of phytotherapy for periodontitis relief and indicate the usefulness of Baikal skullcap root, Pomegranate fruit peel and root cortex, Tea leaves, Chamomile flowers, Magnolia bark, Blackberry leaves and fruits, Cranberry fruits and Lippia sidoides essential oil. This review aims to analyze the use and applicability of selected plant materials in periodontitis management since it is of paramount importance to evaluate the evidence of the traditionally used plant materials in light of continuously growing interest in phytotherapy and its adjuvant role in the treatment of periodontitis.
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Li, Xiaoshuang, Tingting Zhang, Li Jiang und Guizhi Fan. „Evaluation of Suitable Reference Genes for Quantitative Real-Time PCR in Various Tissues of Apocynum venetum“. Genes 15, Nr. 2 (11.02.2024): 231. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes15020231.
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Apocynum venetum L. is an economically valuable plant with tolerance to drought and salinity. Its leaves are utilized in tea production and pharmaceuticals, while the stem bark serves as a high-quality fiber material. To gain insights into the gene expression patterns of A. venetum using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), it is crucial to identify appropriate reference genes. This study selected nine candidate genes, including α-tubulin (TUA), β-tubulin (TUB), actin (ACT), cyclophilin (CYP), elongation factor-1α (EF-1α), the B family of regulatory subunits of protein phosphatase (PPP2R2, PPP2R3, and PPP2R5), and phosphoglycerate kinase (PGK), to determine the most appropriate reference genes in the leaf, stem, and root tissues of A. venetum. A comprehensive ranking by geNorm, NormFinder, BestKeeper, and RefFinder software and Venn diagrams was used to screen more stable reference genes in different tissues. The two most stable reference genes were CYP and TUA in leaves, PGK and PPP2R3 in stems, and TUA and EF-1α in roots, respectively. The relative expression values of the four genes involved in proline metabolism under polyethylene glycol treatment were used to validate the screened reference genes, and they exhibited highly stable expression levels. These findings represent the first set of stable reference genes for future gene expression studies in A. venetum. They significantly contribute to enhancing the accuracy and reliability of gene expression analyses in this economically important plant species.
Buchteile zum Thema "Tea root tissues"
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Wallace, Ian J., Grant J. Riev, Rebecca Landau, Alison M. Bendele, Nicholas B. Holowka, Tyson L. Hedrick, Nicolai Konow, Michael Ruiz und Daniel E. Lieberman. „Effects of physical activity and impact loading rate on knee osteoarthritis“. In Biocultural evolution: An agenda for integrative approaches, 55–72. Kerns Verlag, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.51315/9783935751384.003.
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Knee osteoarthritis is commonly thought to be caused by joint tissue wear and tear produced by physical activity. Activities that subject knees to repetitive impacts characterized by high rates of loading are believed to be especially harmful. Here, we present an alternative hypothesis that physical activity, rather than necessarily being bad for knee tissues, may help prevent or attenuate knee osteoarthritis, including activities involving high rates of loading. We experimentally tested this hypothesis using guinea pigs as a model system. To simulate a physically inactive lifestyle, animals were housed for 22 weeks in small cages that restricted their mobility, while two other groups of animals were housed in one of two large rooms that promoted physical activity. One room had a stiff floor to engender high rates of hind limb loading, whereas the floor in the other room was cushioned to engender low rates of hind limb loading. After the experiment, we found that knee osteoarthritis degeneration was significantly greater among the physically inactive animals than among the physically active animals in both the stiff- and cushioned-floored rooms. These results support our hypothesis and challenge common assumptions about the effects of physical activity and impact loading rate on knee osteoarthritis.
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Kleiber, Grant M., und Keith E. Brandt. „Replantation“. In Operative Plastic Surgery, herausgegeben von Gregory R. D. Evans, 955–62. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190499075.003.0094.
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Successful replantation depends on multiple variables. A coordinated effort of emergency transport services, emergency room personnel, operating room staff, anesthesiologists and postoperative nursing is required for success. The need for this team approach has led to the development of several specialized replantation centers worldwide. The authors discuss the various mechanisms of injury and their chances for successful replantation. This chapter examines the indications and contraindications for appropriate replantation. Also provided are many useful techniques for vessel and nerve repair, bony fixation, tendon repair, and soft tissue coverage. The chapter also discusses postoperative management, rehabilitation, and follow-up.
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Haverich, Axel, und Andreas Martens. „Aortic aneurysm: thoracic aortic aneurysm—therapeutic options“. In ESC CardioMed, herausgegeben von Raimund Erbel, 2573–75. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198784906.003.0608.
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Surgical treatment of thoracic aortic aneurysms has to account for anatomical location, patient risk profile, and the surgeon’s experience. Whereas endovascular treatment of the descending aorta has become a valid option for most patients and pathologies, open surgery remains the first choice to treat aneurysms of the aortic root, ascending aorta, and aortic arch and to treat patients with connective tissue disease in elective settings. Minimal invasive access is more frequently used to treat the aortic root, ascending aorta, and proximal aortic arch with excellent results. Long-term results of valve-sparing aortic root replacement undermine the recommendation to preserve the aortic valve, especially in young patients with tricuspid aortic valves. Aortic annulus stabilization either via valve reimplantation or external stabilization techniques in addition to aortic root remodelling ensures stable long-term results. Aortic root replacement using valved conduits remains a durable treatment option. Aortic arch surgery has been revolutionized by multiple technical solutions that facilitate surgical techniques (e.g. branched prefabricated grafts), extend treatment into the proximal descending aorta (e.g. frozen elephant trunk procedure), and minimize organ damage (e.g. cardiac and lower body perfusion during aortic arch repair). If endovascular treatment of the descending and thoracoabdominal aorta is not feasible, open surgical methods remain the standard of care and should routinely include protection methods to preserve organ function (e.g. left heart bypass, partial bypass). Treatment strategies in all patients should be discussed within a dedicated interdisciplinary team. Strict follow-up is mandatory.
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Nienaber, Christoph A., und Hatem Alkadhi. „Acute Aortic Syndrome“. In Manual of Cardiovascular Medicine, 135–40. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198850311.003.0016.
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Acute aortic syndrome encompasses different forms of acute cardiovascular conditions, i.e. aortic dissection, intramural haematoma, limited intimal tear and penetrating aortic ulcerations, often leading to acute haemodynamic deterioration with circulatory shock and high mortality. Risk factors are hypertension, age, and genetic conditions leading to abnormal fibrillin proteins facilitating aortic wall pathologies. Type A dissection starts from the aortic root and extends to the ascending and often descending aorta, while Type B dissections starts in the descending artery and may develop distally down to the iliac or femoral arteries. Risk factors are genetic mutations of pertinent genes leading to Marfan’s syndrome and other connective tissue diseases, hypertension, and bicuspid aortic valves. The diagnosis involves primarily imaging with transoesophageal echocardiography, computer tomography, or magnetic resonance imaging. Therapeutically, Type A dissection is an absolute emergency and requires an immediate operative intervention. Type B dissection, on the other hand, is often treated conservatively with blood pressure control.
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Armour, J. Andrew, und Guy C. Kember. „Cardiac Sensory Neurons“. In Basic and Clinical Neurocardiology, 79–117. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195141290.003.0003.
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Abstract The nervous system intrinsic to the heart contains all of the components necessary for information processing. That parasympathetic efferent postganglionic neurons are associated with the intrinsic cardiac nervous sys tem has been known for some time.22,63 Recently, afferent neurons,2,10,29A4 sympathetic efferent postganglionic neurons,25,86 and interconnecting local circuit neurons13,i4,37 have been identified within the intrinsic cardiac nervous system. As a matter of fact, it was the functional identification of the somata of afferent neurons within this system2 that permitted the development of the thesis that there is a little brain on the heart that modulates regional cardiodynamics on a beat-to-beat basis.10,63 Cardiac sensory nerve terminals (neurites) are associated with somata in ganglia located relatively distant from the heart, those in nodose and dorsal root ganglia.64,84 These neurons, plus those associated with sensory neurites in intrathoracic and cervical vessels, transduce the cardiac and intrathoracic vascular milieu to medullary (Chapter 6) and spinal cord (Chapter 5) neurons, respectively. Recent evidence indicates that afferent neuronal somata located in intrathoracic extracardiac ganglia are associated with sensory neurites in cardiac tissues and the adventitia of intrathoracic vessels.8,23 The latter population of afferent neurons transduces the cardiovascular milieu to cardiac postganglionic motor neurons in intrathoracic ganglia, doing so primarily via intrathoracic local circuit neurons.10 Each cardiac afferent neuron displays unique transduction capabilities so that the information they provide to second-order processing neurons within different levels of the cardiac neuronal axis varies. These in turn influence cardiac efferent neurons, some of which also receive indirect inputs via central neurons from afferent neurons with sensory neurites in extrathoracic tissues. The latter include the carotid arteries1,12 and skin of the extremities.
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Goldsmith, Jason A. „Dysesthetic Blebs“. In Complications of Glaucoma Surgery. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195382365.003.0032.
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Mild, chronic ocular irritation following trabeculectomy is common and can manifest as a constant annoyance of bleb awareness with blinking; however severe debilitating discomfort can also occur. Bleb-related dysesthesia is an ocular surface disorder where a glaucoma filtering bleb interferes with lid function and tear film distribution such that signs and symptoms similar to dry eye syndrome may result. Proper prevention and management of dysesthetic blebs is crucial for success of a trabeculectomy. Utilizing a self-report questionnaire, Budenz et al found that chronic ocular discomfort exists in a majority of patients with filtering blebs ; however, many patients do not disclose mild bleb dysesthesia unless specifically questioned because they have either adapted to the symptoms or because of ascertainment bias. Additionally, the symptoms associated with bleb dysesthesia may be attributed to other common ocular surface disorders. Treatment directed at those disorders may effectively relieve symptoms of dysesthesia, so that the physician underestimates prevalence of the true etiology. More symptomatic and disabling forms of bleb-related dysesthesia are generally associated with larger, dysmorphic blebs, including 1) markedly elevated, anteriorly located (Figure 18.1), and thin-walled, ischemic blebs limited in their lateral and posterior flow by circumferential conjunctival scarring (“ring of steel”); 2) large and exuberant filtering blebs that extend into the interpalpebral fissure (Figure 18.2) and occasionally circumferentially; and 3) blebs that overhang the cornea (Figure 18.3) . These bleb dysmorphologies typically develop slowly over time as the result of scarring and tissue remodeling. Blebs that extend into the interpalpebral fissure generally occur in the early postoperative period and may or may not be related to overfiltration. Other factors that contribute to bleb-related dysesthesia include chronic irritation of the palpebral conjunctiva and exposure of the bulbar conjunctiva protruding between the eyelids and rubbing on the lid margins. Breakdown of the epithelium on the surface of ischemic blebs may result from altered tear film composition as aqueous passes across the bleb. The formation of a semicircular wall of scar tissue limiting posterior flow may result in a high, dysesthetic bleb due to inflation, expansion, and thinning of the roof of the bleb.
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Ferreira, Bianca Andrade. „Incidence of acute myocardial infarction in elderly people in northern Minas Gerais, From 2008 to 2018“. In UNITING KNOWLEDGE INTEGRATED SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH FOR GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT. Seven Editora, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.56238/uniknowindevolp-098.
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Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases, including acute myocardial infarction (AMI), represent an important public health problem in Brazil and worldwide, increasing incidence and mortality rates, especially among an elderly population. AMI is a condition resulting from coronary artery obstruction, leading to a clinical imbalance between oxygen supply and consumption, due to insufficient flow to the myocardium, which can lead to the death of cells in the cardiac tissue. Methodology: Epidemiological, descriptive, cross-sectional, and quantitative study, carried out through documentary research at DATASUS and the Hospital Information System (SIH / SUS) with data collection in September 2018. Included tabulation and analysis of data related to care emergency room due to AMI in the elderly in the north of Minas Gerais between 2008 and 2018. Results/Discussion: Acute myocardial infarction contributes considerably to the increase in the number of deaths, especially in the elderly population. In the North of Minas, Montes Claros / Bocaiúva, there was a higher prevalence of hospitalizations, 82.3% of the total. The private service represents many hospitalizations and the number of deaths from heart attacks has been decreasing in a way decreasing in he last two years, of the study, in the north of mines. Conclusion: Therefore, with the dedication of a multidisciplinary team, it is possible to develop resources that lead patients to take an active attitude towards their disease, knowing and controlling the risk factors present in their lifestyle.
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Segal, Sheldon J., und Luigi Mastroianni. „Sex and the aging woman“. In Hormone Use in Menopause & Male Andropause, 63–69. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195159745.003.0010.
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Abstract Menopause is looked upon by most women as a clearly identifiable change in their reproductive systems. As the menstrual pattern is altered and menstruation finally ceases, this is a concrete signal that the reproductive tract is changed. In some cases, this is accompanied by decreasing interest in sex, often amounting to complete lack of desire. The cells of the vagina, vulva, and urethra contain a high concentration of estrogen receptors and are especially vulnerable to estrogen deficiency. The net result, without HT/ ET, is a dramatic anatomical change in these organs. In the absence of estrogen support, the vaginal tissues gradually become thin and lose their tone and elasticity. The fluid which normally is released across the vaginal lining during sexual excitement is reduced. The famous sexology team William Masters and Virginia Johnson actually filmed this fluid release during sexual stimulation. I was present when they showed this film to professional colleagues for the first time. The distinguished professor of gynecology Alan Guttmacher was in the small audience. When the film was over he declared with genuine enthusiasm, “I have been doing pelvic examinations throughout my career and never thought we would ever see such convincing and direct evidence of the changes in the vagina that occur during excitation.” Another distinguished professor of gynecology left the room without saying a word. From the grim look of disapproval on his face I would guess that sexual aspects of the menopause were not part of the residency training program at his medical center.
Konferenzberichte zum Thema "Tea root tissues"
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Sagar, Amrit, Christopher Nehme, Anil Saigal und Thomas P. James. „Cryogenic Material Properties of Polycaprolactone“. In ASME 2019 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2019-10180.
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Abstract In pursuit of research to create a synthetic tissue scaffold by a micropunching process, material properties of Polycaprolactone (PCL) in liquid nitrogen were determined experimentally. Specimens were prepared using injection molding and tested under compression to determine the stress-strain relationship of PCL below its glass transition temperature. Cryogenic conditions were maintained by keeping the PCL specimens submerged in liquid nitrogen throughout the loading cycle. Specimens of two different aspect ratios were used for testing. Yield Strength, Strength Coefficient, and Strain Hardening Exponent were determined for different specimen aspect ratios and extrapolated for the case with zero diameter to length ratio. Material properties were also determined at room temperature and compared against results available in the literature. Results demonstrate that PCL behaves in a brittle manner at cryogenic temperatures with more than ten times increase in Young’s modulus from its value at room temperature. The results were used to predict punching forces for the design of microscale hole punching dies and for validation of a microscale hole punching model that was created with a commercially available finite element software package, DEFORM 3D. The three parameters Yield Strength, Strength Coefficient, and Strain Hardening Exponent used in Ludwik’s equation to model flow stress of PCL in DEFORM 3D were determined to be 94.8 MPa, 210 MPa, and 0.54, respectively.
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Rox, Margaret F., Richard J. Hendrick, S. Duke Herrell und Robert J. Webster. „An Experimental Comparison of Two User Interface Designs for a Hand-Held Surgical Robot“. In 2017 Design of Medical Devices Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dmd2017-3372.
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There is a trend towards miniaturization in surgical robotics with the objective of making surgeries less invasive [1]. There has also been increasing recent interest in hand-held robots because of their ability to maintain the current surgical workflow [2, 3]. We have previously presented a system that integrates small-diameter concentric tube robots [4, 5] into a hand-held robotic device [3], as shown in Figure 1. This robot was designed for transurethral laser surgery in the prostate. It provides the surgeon with two dexterous manipulators through a 5mm port in a traditional transurethral endoscope. This system enables the surgeon to retract tissue and aim a fiber optic laser simultaneously to resect prostate tissue. This robot provides the surgeon with a total of ten degrees of freedom (DOF) that must be simultaneously coordinated, including endoscope orientation (3 DOF), endoscope insertion (1 DOF), as well as the tip position of each concentric tube manipulator (3 DOF per manipulator). In [3], a simple user interface was employed that involved thumb joysticks (which also had pushbutton capability) and a unidirectional index finger trigger, as shown in Figure 2 (Left). The thumb joysticks were mapped to manipulator tip motion in the plane of the endoscope image, and the trigger was used for motion perpendicular to the plane. Whether the finger trigger extended or retracted the tip of the concentric tube manipulator was toggled via the pushbutton capability of the thumb joystick. While surgeons could learn this mapping with some effort, and were able to use it to accomplish a cadaver study, the experiments made clear that further work was needed in creating an intuitive user interface — particularly with respect to how motion perpendicular to the image plane is controlled. This paper describes a first step toward improving the user interface; we integrate a bidirectional dial input in place of the unidirectional index finger trigger, so that extension and retraction perpendicular to the image plane can be controlled without the need for a pushbutton toggle. In this paper we describe the design of this dial input and present the results of a user study comparing it to the interface in [3].
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Gurupatham, Sathish K., und Caleb Bailey. „Bruise Development Measurement in Apples Using Thermal Imaging Technique“. In ASME 2022 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2022-96135.
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Abstract Apple is an important fruit worldwide with nutrition and a huge market value. However, due to the mechanical damage during its handling after the harvest, millions of dollars are lost in the apple industry. Bruise (subcutaneous) is a mechanical damage caused to a fruit without any tearing of the fruit-skin. It could be caused by a mechanical impact, vibration, or compression which the fruit might come across during its handling after the harvest. It results in local degradation of the flesh tissue with browning effect with time. Normally, apple bruises take place beneath the peel and are difficult to detect by either visual or automatic color sorting. Thermal imaging offers a promising, contact-free, alternative technique for bruise detection in apples. Thermal imaging technique measures infrared energy emitted from the object surface which is converted into a thermal map called a thermogram. In the literature, there has been some work done on the influence of temperature and relative humidity of the surrounding on bruise susceptibility of fruits. In this paper, the influence of relative humidity in bruise development on apple was investigated applying thermal imaging technique. To accomplish this, two batches of healthy, almost same-sized, yellow and green apples with ten apples per batch were considered. The apples were subjected to a mechanical impact by dropping them from a constant height ensuring the fruit skin is not torn by the impact and the impact is same is for all the apples. Then, they were thermal imaged with the focus on their bruises. They were kept and observed at two different temperatures and relative humidity. The first set involved the relative humidity of 40–43% with room conditions whereas the second one involved the relative humidity of 80%–82% in the freezer compartment of a domestic refrigerator. For all the trials, the same condition was maintained for the fruits throughout the three-day observation. At the end of stipulated observation period, the fruits were thermal imaged to capture the bruise development for the different relative humidity levels for two different temperatures. The observation was repeated for three times to obtain the repeatability. The results show that the bruise development is faster for the higher relative humidity than for the lower one. This could be due to the lower transpiration rate of water from the fruits at higher relative humidity. Also, the water potential under the bruised skin decreases faster for lower relative humidity condition which results in decreased bruise development.