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Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Taxidermic mount“
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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Taxidermic mount"
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Dijkstra, Thomas, Peter Korsten und Jan Komdeur. „Is UV signalling involved in male-male territorial conflict in the blue tit (Cyanistes caeruleus)? A new experimental approach“. Behaviour 144, Nr. 4 (2007): 447–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853907780756030.
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Structurally-based ultraviolet (UV) coloration of plumage can signal male quality and plays a role in female mate choice in many bird species. UV-reflecting badges could also be important signals in male-male competition. We tested if territorial blue tit ( Cyanistes caeruleus ) males discriminate between conspecific male intruders which differ in the UV reflectance of their crown feathers. To this aim, we used a new experimental approach in which we simultaneously (instead of sequentially) introduced two male blue tit taxidermic mounts in the territories of resident males during the female fertile period; one mount with natural crown UV reflectance and one mount with reduced crown UV. The two mounts provoked strong aggressive reactions from resident males. Males specifically directed their aggression to conspecific intruders, as a male blue tit mount received substantially more aggression than a mount of a European robin ( Erithacus rubecula ). However, aggression of resident males did not vary between the UV-reduced and the control mount. Furthermore, the variation in natural crown UV reflectance of the resident males did not predict the intensity of their aggressive response. Contrary to previous findings our results suggest that UV signals play only a limited role in male-male interactions during territorial intrusions in the female fertile period.
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Hof, David, und Jeffrey Podos. „Escalation of aggressive vocal signals: a sequential playback study“. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 280, Nr. 1768 (07.10.2013): 20131553. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2013.1553.
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Rival conspecifics often produce stereotyped sequences of signals as agonistic interactions escalate. Successive signals in sequence are thought to convey increasingly pronounced levels of aggressive motivation. Here, we propose and test a model of aggressive escalation in black-throated blue warblers, presenting subjects with two sequential and increasingly elevated levels of threat. From a speaker outside the territorial boundary, we initiated an interaction (low-threat level), and from a second speaker inside the territory, accompanied by a taxidermic mount, we subsequently simulated a territorial intrusion (escalated threat level). Our two main predictions were that signalling behaviours in response to low-threat boundary playback would predict signalling responses to the escalated within-territory threat, and that these latter signalling behaviours would in turn reliably predict attack. We find clear support for both predictions: (i) specific song types (type II songs) produced early in the simulated interaction, in response to boundary playback, predicted later use of low-amplitude ‘soft’ song, in response to within-territory playback; and (ii) soft song, in turn, predicted attack of the mount. Unexpectedly, use of the early-stage signal (type II song) itself did not predict attack, despite its apparent role in aggressive escalation. This raises the intriguing question of whether type II song can actually be considered a reliable aggressive signal. Overall, our results provide new empirical insights into how songbirds may use progressive vocal signalling to convey increasing levels of threat.
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Akçay, Çağlar, S. Elizabeth Campbell und Michael D. Beecher. „Individual differences affect honest signalling in a songbird“. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 281, Nr. 1775 (22.01.2014): 20132496. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2013.2496.
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Research in the past decade has established the existence of consistent individual differences or ‘personality’ in animals and their important role in many aspects of animal behaviour. At the same time, research on honest signalling of aggression has revealed that while some of the putative aggression signals are reliable, they are only imperfectly so. This study asks whether a significant portion of the variance in the aggression-signal regression may be explained by individual differences in signalling strategies. Using the well-studied aggressive signalling system of song sparrows ( Melospiza melodia ), we carried out repeated assays to measure both aggressive behaviours and aggressive signalling of territorial males. Through these assays, we found that aggressive behaviours and aggressive signalling were both highly repeatable, and moreover that aggressive behaviours in 2009–2010 predicted whether the birds would attack a taxidermic mount over a year later. Most significantly, we found that residual variation in signalling behaviours, after controlling for aggressive behaviour, was individually consistent, suggesting there may be a second personality trait determining the level of aggressive signalling. We term this potential personality trait ‘communicativeness’ and discuss these results in the context of honest signalling theories and recent findings reporting prevalence of ‘under-signalling’.
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Akçay, Çağlar, und Michael D. Beecher. „Multi-modal communication: song sparrows increase signal redundancy in noise“. Biology Letters 15, Nr. 10 (Oktober 2019): 20190513. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2019.0513.
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Although the effects of anthropogenic noise on animal communication have been studied widely, most research on the effect of noise in communication has focused on signals in a single modality. Consequently, how multi-modal communication is affected by anthropogenic noise is relatively poorly understood. Here, we ask whether song sparrows ( Melospiza melodia ) show evidence of plasticity in response to noise in two aggressive signals in acoustic and visual modalities. We test two hypotheses: (i) that song sparrows will shift signalling effort to the visual modality (the multi-modal shift hypothesis) and (ii) that they will increase redundancy of their multi-modal signalling (the back-up signal hypothesis). We presented male song sparrows with song playback and a taxidermic mount with or without a low-frequency acoustic noise from a nearby speaker. We found that males did not switch their signalling effort to visual modality (i.e. wing waves) in response to the noise. However, the correlation between warbled soft songs and wing waves increased in the noise treatment, i.e. signals became more redundant. These results suggest that when faced with anthropogenic noise, song sparrows can increase the redundancy of their multi-modal signals, which may aid in the robustness of the communication system.
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Cartar, Ralph V., und R. I. Guy Morrison. „Estimating metabolic costs for homeotherms from weather data and morphology: an example using calidridine sandpipers“. Canadian Journal of Zoology 75, Nr. 1 (01.01.1997): 94–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z97-012.
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It is often desirable to estimate the metabolic costs incurred by homeothermic organisms of differing morphology living in different real or hypothetical environmental conditions. To address this problem, we describe a method, based on previously published empirical allometric and heat-transfer equations, that allows a rough estimate to be made of the daily maintenance metabolic costs (i.e., basal and thermoregulatory costs) incurred by a bird in a simple cold two-dimensional environment. The model uses widely available weather variables (temperature, wind speed, and global solar radiation), morphological variables (body mass, height of body's centre of gravity, diameter of torso), and a habitat variable (height of vegetation). We apply the model to weather data from the Canadian Arctic to predict daily metabolic costs for two calidridine sandpiper species (Calidris canutus and C. minutilla) during the summer. The model is extremely sensitive to error in the slope and intercept of the allometric equation predicting conductance from body mass, but is generally robust to other model parameters. Using ambient temperature (Ta) in place of operative temperature (Te) has only a minor (3.5%) effect on predicted metabolic costs, so, given that Te is difficult to estimate, we recommend this substitution (at least for arctic latitudes, where solar radiation is of reduced importance). The model predicts metabolic rates similar to those obtained from an equation based on a heated taxidermic mount for C. canutus, thereby providing some measure of validation. The model can easily be modified to predict metabolic costs for other groups of birds or mammals.
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Casado, Santos, und Santiago Aragón. „Vignettes of Spanish Nature“. Historical Studies in the Natural Sciences 44, Nr. 3 (November 2012): 197–233. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/hsns.2014.44.3.197.
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Taxidermy played a pivotal role in the renewal of the Spanish Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales in Madrid during the first few decades of the twentieth century. This essay examines the work of the brothers José María Benedito (1873–1951) and Luis Benedito (1884–1955) and their part in the making of a remarkable series of biological groups and habitat dioramas, mainly devoted to the most characteristic species of Spanish fauna. The Benedito brothers’ taxidermy mounts can be viewed as an attempt to construct a new image of a national fauna. From this point of view, taxidermic practices appear as an integral component of an ambitious educational and cultural project, with their foundations in the scientific work of the museum’s zoologists, and aimed at a broad, educated public, at a time of widespread political effort to reinvigorate Spanish society. Indeed, efforts to regenerate a troubled Spanish national identity and to promote science and education as drivers of social progress are typical of the critical turn-of-the-century period. In this context, the Benedito brothers’ work at the museum can be related both to an international trend to modernize natural history displays in museums around the world, and to more specific cultural and scientific developments characteristic of the processes of modernization at work in early twentieth-century Spanish society. Modern taxidermy, it is argued, has been incorporated in various ways into political and cultural discourses contingent on national contexts, while at the same time its technical procedures have remained essentially unchanged.
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Bakken, George S., Kevin P. Kenow, Carl E. Korschgen und Andrew F. Boysen. „Statistical and procedural issues in the use of heated taxidermic mounts“. Journal of Thermal Biology 25, Nr. 4 (August 2000): 317–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0306-4565(99)00094-7.
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Greek, Thomas J., Kyaw Tha Paw U und Wesley W. Weathers. „A comparison of operative temperature estimated by taxidermic mounts and meteorological data“. Journal of Thermal Biology 14, Nr. 1 (Januar 1989): 19–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0306-4565(89)90025-9.
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Eliason, Stephen L. „Reconstructing Dead Nonhuman Animals: Motivations for Becoming a Taxidermist“. Society & Animals 20, Nr. 1 (2012): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853012x614332.
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Abstract Displays of dead nonhuman animals are a common sight on the walls of many American homes and commercial establishments. Taxidermists are the individuals who preserve and attempt to re-create dead animals, birds, and fish so they can be displayed. Little is known about those employed in the profession, including characteristics of individuals who enter this line of work. Using a qualitative approach to data collection, this exploratory research examined motivations for becoming a taxidermist in Montana. Findings suggest that Montana taxidermists entered the profession for one of five main reasons: an interest in wildlife, a desire to mount their own trophies, a hobby that became a job, the necessity of changing jobs, and miscellaneous motivations.
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Sullivan, Steven M., Wesley Skidmore und George Dante. „Authenticity in an Uncertain World: Ensuring Accuracy in both the Explicit and Implicit Messages of Exhibits“. Biodiversity Information Science and Standards 2 (13.06.2018): e25785. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/biss.2.25785.
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Do you know what a kiwi looks like - all the way down to the orientation of the nostrils? While small details won’t make or break the aesthetics of an exhibit, they can have important impacts on visitor learning and future behavior. Museums are a traditional bastion of authenticity. From the objects we exhibit to the information we share, audiences know that museums are a trustworthy source of real objects and vetted facts. We strive to ensure accurate label copy, but the traditional constraints of preservation and exhibition of natural history specimens can still convey confusing or implicitly inaccurate information. Problems like sub-standard taxidermy, faded mounts, heedless application of plants, and inaccurate social groupings abound in museums. Visitors are usually not equipped to evaluate such details, yet such details often become a baseline from which visitor’s expectations of nature are derived. Therefore, accurate representations of species are an important way to convey both explicit institutional messages and implicit information about nature. We will discuss the fundamental details that differentiate award-winning taxidermy from substandard representations of the species. We will show how to employ a few, fundamental principles to overcome the constraints of preservation to make mounts, dioramas, and artificial reproductions as exciting, beautiful, and accurate as possible.
Dissertationen zum Thema "Taxidermic mount"
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Kubátová, Hana. „Vliv atrapy na chování samců strnada obecného a budníčka menšího v playbackových experimentech“. Master's thesis, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-446275.
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A playback experiment in which a recording of vocalization is played to the tested subject and its response is observed, is a widely used tool for examining bird song and its functions. Most often only acoustic stimulus is used, but sometimes a visual stimulus is also provided in the form of a dummy. Taxidermic mounts or models made from different materials are used as the dummy. It is discussed among researchers, whether it is or is not necessary to use a dummy in experiments and how does its presence affect behavior of the tested individuals. However, only few studies directly focus on this issue and test the effect of dummies. The best way to test the effects of a dummy on passerines in playback experiments is to test the same individuals in both situations (with a dummy and without a dummy) and compare the reactions. The aim of this theses was to perform such experiments on Chiffchaff (Phylloscopus collybita) and Yellowhammer (Emberiza citrinella) males and to find out whether they would behave similarly in both variants of the experiment, or if their reaction would be enhanced in the presence of a dummy. Chiffchaffs reacted significantly more aggressively in the dummy experiment. The biggest difference was time spent by attacking the dummy and staying close to it. In Yellowhammers, the dummy...
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Pulková, Nikola. „Preparace drobných savců a ptáků“. Master's thesis, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-354140.
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01 Abstract Diploma thesis deals with taxidermy techniques of birds and small mammals leading to the production of own taxidermal mounts, which can be afterwards used as suitable didactical tools in the education of biology. Thus the thesis is presenting a comprehensive guide for creation of taxidermal mounts. At the same time, all the the stated procedures are applied at couple of species used for taxidermical purposes. Apart from the techniques itself which are described in methodological part, the thesis is enriched with the description of individual groups and therefore, creates theoretical introduction about the species. The thesis also depicts the production of all described taxidermal mounts. Results of this thesis are in total 8 taxidermal mounts (3 birds and 5 mammals), additionally also osteological material in the form of skeleton of Apodemus sylvaticus and skulls of 3 described small mammals. All the stated taxidermal mounts will serve as didactical tools for needs of Department of Biology and Environmental Studies at Faculty of Education in Prague. Key words: dermoplastic models, taxidermal mounts, osteological material, taxidermy, birds, mammals
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Muziková, Tereza. „Preparace savců a ptáků“. Master's thesis, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-365492.
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Zámečníková, Nikola. „Preparace a montáže koster obratlovců“. Master's thesis, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-355749.
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This final thesis represents a complete guide to making didactic aids which can be used in teaching Biology in primary and secondary schools. It completes my bachelor thesis on the topic of the Taxidermy of selected species of birds with detailed photographs of individual steps made throughout the creation process of a dermoplastic mount. It also compares the creation of bird mounts to those of mammal mounts, and it deals with making skeletons of vertebrates. This final thesis acquaints the reader with the taxidermic species, and includes research of foreign literature focussing on interesting facts about mounts. The final output of this thesis is a series of mounts and assembled skeletons of different species of vertebrates, which can all be used as didactic aids at the Department of Biology and Environmental Studies, Faculty of Education, Charles University. KEY WORDS taxidermy, skeletons, vertebrates, didactic aids, dermoplastic mount
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Hájková, Magdaléna. „Demoplastické preparáty a kostry ryb“. Master's thesis, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-397154.
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This thesis is conceived as a detailed guide to the creation of didactic aids, namely the creation of dermoplastic preparations and fish skeleton for teachers of natural science and biology at various levels of schools. In this work we describe individual prepared fish species. The diploma thesis works to verify the diploma thesis Martin Chlad, who recently developer a detailed methodology for body preparation of the whole fish. The result of the practical part of the thesis are fish models that serve to extend the collections of the Department of Biology and Ecological Studies and to extend the collections of the Biological Cabinet to my current work place at elementary school in Prague 9.
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Mazalová, Jana. „Výroba preparátů obratlovců“. Master's thesis, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-338569.
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TITLE: Manufacturing taxidermy mounts and their use as teaching aids AUTHOR: Jana Mazalová DEPARTMENT: Department of Biology and Environmental Studies SUPERVISOR: RNDr. Jan Řezníček PhD. ABSTRAKT: The main subject of this thesis is focused on preparation of taxidermal mounts with use of mammal bones and skins and their use as teaching aids. The target group are school children both of elementary and secondary schools. The thesis describes methods of bone preservation and cleaning, skin tanning and preparation of taxidermal mounts. I deal in it also with preparation of large vertebrates' skulls and preparation of taxidermal mounts. The procedures are described in details and the following chapters include photos of dissections made by me. Preparation of 4 bird and 6 mammal species is described. For each description, search of recent literature and PowerPoint presentation is included. KEYWORDS: preparation, taxidermal mounts, skin, vertebrates' skulls
Bücher zum Thema "Taxidermic mount"
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Triplett, Todd. The complete guide to turkey taxidermy: How to prepare fans, beards, and body mounts. Guilford, Conn: Lyons Press, 2003.
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Ketner, Forrest. Taxidermy Mount Care: Proper Trophy Mount Care. CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform, 2012.
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Ketner, Forrest. Taxidermy Mount Care: Proper Trophy Mount Care. CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform, 2012.
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Vakoch, Daniel Lee. A precision, high efficiency temperature control system for use with heated taxidermic mounts in remote field locations. 1990.
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Jan Fabre : Antropologia di un Planeta: 52nd Biennale of Venice. Guy Pieters, 2007.
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Bugaj, Małgorzata. „Corporeal Exploration in György Pálfi’s Taxidermia“. In The Cinematic Bodies of Eastern Europe and Russia. Edinburgh University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474405140.003.0011.
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In the recent decades ample attention within the study of cinema has been paid to the human body, yet few films deal so directly with our physical nature as Hungarian director György Pálfi’s Taxidermia. This 2006 surreal family saga presents three generations of men obsessed with their corporeal needs. In its reflection on the body, the film juxtaposes the extremes of the human form. On the one hand, it probes the inside and the outside of the body. On the other hand, it investigates Bakhtin’s carnivalesque corporealities and considers Baudrillard’s notion of the body ‘as the finest of the consumer objects’. In contemplating the corporeal exterior, Taxidermia celebrates the senses as well as the varied textures and hues of the skin. Revisiting the visceral depths of the body, it imposes its own aesthetics as it exhibits the interior anatomy. Furthermore, while the film begins with grotesque depictions of the corporeality and its urges, in its conclusion these are replaced with the image of a modern, constructed physicality whose enslavement to its needs is rebuked. Such a body, emptied of its organic connections and ultimately likened to a taxidermist mount, constitutes a commentary on the contemporary perception of our own physical nature. Tracing Taxidermia’s exploration of the human body, this chapter analyses the film’s references to different theories revolving around the human corporeality.