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Zhang, Shuo, und Krisztian Balog. „Web Table Extraction, Retrieval, and Augmentation“. ACM Transactions on Intelligent Systems and Technology 11, Nr. 2 (02.03.2020): 1–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3372117.
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Wang, Jiayi, Chengliang Chai, Nan Tang, Jiabin Liu und Guoliang Li. „Coresets over multiple tables for feature-rich and data-efficient machine learning“. Proceedings of the VLDB Endowment 16, Nr. 1 (September 2022): 64–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.14778/3561261.3561267.
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Successful machine learning (ML) needs to learn from good data. However, one common issue about train data for ML practitioners is the lack of good features. To mitigate this problem, feature augmentation is often employed by joining with (or enriching features from) multiple tables, so as to become feature-rich ML. A consequent problem is that the enriched train data may contain too many tuples, especially if the feature augmentation is obtained through 1 (or many)-to-many or fuzzy joins. Training an ML model with a very large train dataset is data-inefficient. Coreset is often used to achieve data-efficient ML training, which selects a small subset of train data that can theoretically and practically perform similarly as using the full dataset. However, coreset selection over a large train dataset is also known to be time-consuming. In this paper, we aim at achieving both feature-rich ML through feature augmentation and data-efficient ML through coreset selection. In order to avoid time-consuming coreset selection over a feature augmented (or fully materialized) table, we propose to efficiently select the coreset without materializing the augmented table. Note that coreset selection typically uses weighted gradients of the subset to approximate the full gradient of the entire train dataset. Our key idea is that the gradient computation for coreset selection of the augmented table can be pushed down to partial feature similarity of tuples within each individual table, without join materialization. These partial feature similarity values can be aggregated to estimate the gradient of the augmented table, which is upper bounded with provable theoretical guarantees. Extensive experiments show that our method can improve the efficiency by nearly 2 orders of magnitudes, while keeping almost the same accuracy as training with the fully augmented train data.
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Wu, Junyi, Chen Ye, Haoshi Zhi und Shihao Jiang. „Column-Type Prediction for Web Tables Powered by Knowledge Base and Text“. Mathematics 11, Nr. 3 (20.01.2023): 560. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math11030560.
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Web tables are essential for applications such as data analysis. However, web tables are often incomplete and short of some critical information, which makes it challenging to understand the web table content. Automatically predicting column types for tables without metadata is significant for dealing with various tables from the Internet. This paper proposes a CNN-Text method to deal with this task, which fuses CNN prediction and voting processes. We present data augmentation and synthetic column generation approaches to improve the CNN’s performance and use extracted text to get better predictions. The experimental result shows that CNN-Text outperforms the baseline methods, demonstrating that CNN-Text is well qualified for the table column type prediction.
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Peng, Phoebe, Huiyuan Sun, Alexandre Marcireau, Minh Nguyen, Howe Zhu, Chin-Teng Lin und Craig Jin. „Auditory sensory augmentation to support table tennis games for people with vision loss“. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 154, Nr. 4_supplement (01.10.2023): A197. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0023248.
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People with vision loss often face limitations in regular sports games with standard rules and equipment. For example, in current blind table tennis, conventional rules are modified so that the ball rolls along the table instead of bouncing. In this work, we propose an auditory sensory augmentation system to support traditional table tennis in three dimensions. We capture the trajectory of the table tennis ball using two neuromorphic event cameras and sonify the path of the ball using loudspeakers mounted near the left and right edges of the playing table. The two event cameras capture rapid changes in brightness allowing fast and precise ball tracking. The ball's 3D trajectory is then sonified using four lines of loudspeakers mounted at two different heights near the left and right edges of the playing table. We present a preliminary implementation and investigation of the proposed sensory augmentation system with a focus on the technical and perceptual challenges.
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Maimaiti, Mieradilijiang, Yang Liu, Huanbo Luan, Zegao Pan und Maosong Sun. „Improving Data Augmentation for Low-Resource NMT Guided by POS-Tagging and Paraphrase Embedding“. ACM Transactions on Asian and Low-Resource Language Information Processing 20, Nr. 6 (30.11.2021): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3464427.
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Data augmentation is an approach for several text generation tasks. Generally, in the machine translation paradigm, mainly in low-resource language scenarios, many data augmentation methods have been proposed. The most used approaches for generating pseudo data mainly lay in word omission, random sampling, or replacing some words in the text. However, previous methods barely guarantee the quality of augmented data. In this work, we try to build the data by using paraphrase embedding and POS-Tagging. Namely, we generate the fake monolingual corpus by replacing the main four POS-Tagging labels, such as noun, adjective, adverb, and verb, based on both the paraphrase table and their similarity. We select the bigger corpus size of the paraphrase table with word level and obtain the word embedding of each word in the table, then calculate the cosine similarity between these words and tagged words in the original sequence. In addition, we exploit the ranking algorithm to choose highly similar words to reduce semantic errors and leverage the POS-Tagging replacement to mitigate syntactic error to some extent. Experimental results show that our augmentation method consistently outperforms all previous SOTA methods on the low-resource language pairs in seven language pairs from four corpora by 1.16 to 2.39 BLEU points.
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Gupta, Rahul, und Sunita Sarawagi. „Answering table augmentation queries from unstructured lists on the web“. Proceedings of the VLDB Endowment 2, Nr. 1 (August 2009): 289–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.14778/1687627.1687661.
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Lee, Sung Hyun. „Comparison of Clinical Outcomes after Arthroscopic Anterior Talofibular Ligament Repair with or without Inferior Extensor Retinaculum Augmentation“. Foot & Ankle Orthopaedics 5, Nr. 4 (01.10.2020): 2473011420S0032. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2473011420s00325.
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Category: Sports; Arthroscopy Introduction/Purpose: Though several arthroscopic surgical techniques for the treatment of lateral instability of the ankle have been introduced recently; the effect for the inferior extensor retinaculum augmentation is remained unclear. The purpose of this study was to compare the clinical outcomes after arthroscopic anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL) repair with or without additional retinaculum augmentation. Methods: We performed a retrospective review between 2017 and 2018 of 61 consecutive patients who underwent arthroscopic ATFL repair surgery for chronic ankle lateral instability. The exclusion criteria were previous surgery on affected ankle and combined medial ligament instability. Demographic data were evaluated including age, gender, smoking, Body mass index, generalized hyperlaxity and concomitant lesions. Patients were divided into two groups according to whether retinaculum repair or not. Clinical results were analysed to compare groups A and R preoperatively and at minimum follow-up of 1 years by using the Visual Analogue Scale, American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society (AOFAS) score, Foot and Ankle Outcome score (FAOS), and Karlsson Ankle Functional Score. Radiologic outcome evaluations were performed preoperatively and at 2 year postoperatively at final follow-up using anterior talar translation, and talar tilt angle. Results: A total of 62 patients were included in this study. Patients were divided into two groups: group A consisted of 29 patients who underwent only arthroscopic ATFL repair and group R consisted of 32 patients who underwent arthroscopic ATFL repair and additional retinaculum augmentation. There was no difference statistically between two group in demographics (Table 1). All clinical scores were improved after surgery in both groups. (P<0.001) There were no differences were found in VAS, AOFAS score, total FAOS and Karlsson score between two groups. However, sports activity unit in FAOS, there were significant differences between group A (71.4 +- 8.1) and group R (83.4 +- 8.6) (Table 2). (p=0.032) Radiographic data also showed no differences (Table 3). Conclusion: Arthroscopic ATFL repair achieved improved outcomes postoperatively with or without retinaculum augmentation. However, among physically active patients with chronic ankle lateral instability, arthroscopic ATFL repair with retinaculum augmentation results in better sports activity unit in FAOS as compare with arthroscopic ATFL repair alone.
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Shota, Hoshika, Hiroyuki Sugaya, Norimasa Takahashi, Keisuke Matsuki, Morihito Tokai, Takeshi Morioka, Yusuke Ueda, Hiroshige Hamada und Yasutaka Takeuchi. „Arthroscopic Soft Tissue Stabilization for Traumatic Anterior Shoulder Instability in Elite Collision Athletes: Is it Sufficient?“ Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 7, Nr. 7_suppl5 (Juli 2019): 2325967119S0027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967119s00270.
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Objectives: Surgical options for shoulder instability in collision athletes remain controversial. Although arthroscopic soft tissue stabilization is widely accepted treatment for shoulder instability, many surgeons prefer coracoid transfer for collision athletes with or without glenoid defect due to potential high recurrence rate after arthroscopic soft tissue Bankart repair (ABR). In the meantime, Hill-Sacks remplissage (HSR) has been gaining popularity as an effective arthroscopic augmentation procedure. Since 2002, we performed rotator interval closure (RIC) as an augmentation in addition to ABR or arthroscopic bony Bankart repair (ABBR) for collision athletes and obtained satisfactory outcome. However, teen players demonstrated higher recurrence rate compared to twenties and thirties. Therefore, from 2012, we performed HSR as an additional augmentation for teen players besides ABR/ABBR and RIC. The purpose of this study was to assess the outcomes after arthroscopic stabilization in collision athletes who underwent shoulder stabilization under our treatment strategy. Methods: Between 2012 through 2015, 95 consecutive collision athletes underwent shoulder stabilization. Among those, only 2 patients (2%) underwent arthroscopic bony procedure for poor capsular integrity. Among the remaining 93 patients who underwent soft tissue stabilization, 65 were available for minimum 2 year follow-up (70%). Therefore, subjects consisted of 65 players including 54 rugby and 11 American football players (Table 1). There were 13 national top league, 24 collegeate, 21 junior or senior high school, and 7 recreational players. The mean age at surgery was 20 years (range, 16-36). The mean follow-up was 37 months (range, 24-64). We retrospectively reviewed intraoperative findings and surgical procedures using patient records including surgical reports and videos. We also investigated the mean time for sports return, functional outcome and recurrence rate. Pre- and postoperative Rowe scores were compared using paired t test. Results: Preoperative 3DCT of the glenoid demonstrated bony Bankart (fragment type) in 43 players (66%), attritional type in 16 (25%), and normal glenoid in 6 (9%). Mean glenoid bone loss was 15% (range, 0-25) and all of the glenoid with more than 10% bone loss retained bony fragment (Table 2). All 65 players demonstrated Bankart lesion and 15 had concomitant SLAP lesion (23%) which required repair. In addition, 5 players demonstrated capsule tear (8%), which were also repaired. Twenty four players (36%) underwent ABR or ABBR with RIC and forty one players (64%) underwent ABR or ABBR combined with HSR (Table 1).The mean time for sports return was 7 months (range, 4-13) after surgery. The mean Rowe score significantly improved after surgery from 65 (range, 55-75) to 92 (range, 65-100) (P < .001). Recurrence appeared in 2 cases (3%), both of which were junior or senior high school players who underwent ABR with HSR. Conclusion: Soft tissue stabilization combined with selective augmentation procedures for shoulder instability in collision athletes demonstrated satisfactory outcomes with low recurrence rate. Since the incidence of having bony Bankart lesion in collision athletes was very high, arthroscopic bony Bankart repair worked in many patients even with significant glenoid bone loss. Further, HSR seemed to be effective additional augmentation especially in young collision athletes. [Table: see text][Table: see text]
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Kalyebi, A., W. A. Overholt, F. Schulthess, J. M. Mueke und S. Sithanantham. „The effect of temperature and humidity on the bionomics of six African egg parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae)“. Bulletin of Entomological Research 96, Nr. 3 (Juni 2006): 305–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/ber2006429.
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AbstractThe life table statistics of six native Kenyan species/strains ofTrichogrammaandTrichogrammatoideawere established using a factitious hostCorcyra cephalonica, Stainton (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), at eight different temperatures (10, 15, 20, 25, 28, 30, 32 and 35°C) and two humidity levels (40–50 and 70–80%). The objective was to select insects with superior attributes for augmentative release against lepidopteran pests in horticultural crops. Both temperature and humidity affected developmental time and life table parameters of the parasitoids but temperature played a more critical role. Developmental time was inversely related to temperature. The intrinsic and finite rates of increase increased with temperature up to 30°C. Both net reproduction rate and intrinsic rate of increase were higher at the lower humidity. Temperature inversely affected generation time of parasitoid strains regardless of the relative humidity. Two strains ofTrichogrammasp. nr.mwanzaicollected from both low and medium altitudes andTrichogrammatoideasp. nr.luteafrom the mid-altitudes, were better adapted to both low and high temperatures than the other strains, as indicated by the high intrinsic and net reproductive rates, at both humidity levels. These three strains appear to be promising candidates for augmentation biocontrol against the African bollwormHelicoverpa armigerain Kenya.
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Ruojun, Yao, Ma Guangwen und Jin Lianghai. „Research for Global Coordinating Method of Large Equipment Scheduling in Construction Site“. Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society 2015 (2015): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/127574.
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Much energy is dissipated when large equipment moves slowly. Generally, equipment scheduling at construction site is supposed to minimize equipment slowdown and deadhead moving. Table methods are always adopted to optimize transfer sequence, but the feasible solution is well disappointing. For the acceptable solution relevant to task points in construction equipment scheduling, transfer table is divided into four regions. After proper augmentation and deflation, the acceptable solution evolves into global coordinating solution of construction scheduling, which contributes to minimizing slowdown and deadhead mileages. This method has been verified in practical engineering and is a significant reference on decision making of construction equipment scheduling.
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Bianchi, Carlo, Raniero Carrara, Sonia Khirani und Maria Chiara Tuccio. „Independent Cough Flow Augmentation by Glossopharyngeal Breathing Plus Table Thrust in Muscular Dystrophy“. American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation 93, Nr. 1 (Januar 2014): 43–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/phm.0b013e3182975bfa.
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Putnam, Tonya L. „Mingling and Strategic Augmentation of International Legal Obligations“. International Organization 74, Nr. 1 (2020): 31–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020818319000377.
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AbstractManaging foreign affairs is in no small measure about anticipating the actions (and non-actions) of others, and about taking steps to limit the unexpected—and the undesired. Law has long been recognized as important to these tasks. Nevertheless, standard IR treatments often overlook important properties of law, even when trying to account for international law's effects on behavior. Chief among these overlooked properties is the fact that legal rules are formulated for general use, which means their provisions lack determinate meaning in relation to the full range of facts they may be applied to. Selecting and using legal rules to guide or assess behavior thus requires interpretation. Self-interested actors may differ regarding the applicability, scope, or meaning of individual rules, and still more so where multiple legal rules are in play. In situations where political stakes are high, powerful actors may not be content to leave all options on the table. Instead they may use interpretative tactics to mingle obligations from different agreements and, where needed, to augment relevant legal obligations in efforts to prospectively ensure, in the mode of Riker's heresthetics, that interlocutors feel compelled by legal circumstances to enact the more powerful actor's preferences. I demonstrate how agreement mingling and augmentation function in complex legal environments by reexaming US efforts to insulate its citizens from unwanted exercises of jurisdiction by the International Criminal Court (ICC).
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Ahmed, Naveed, Umar Khan, Syed Tauseef Mohyud-Din und Saeed Ullah Jan. „Non-linear radiative squeezed flow in a rotating frame“. Engineering Computations 34, Nr. 8 (06.11.2017): 2450–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ec-04-2017-0158.
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Purpose In this current study, the authors aim to analyze non-linear radiative squeezed flow in a rotating frame of viscous fluid. Design/methodology/approach The Radioactive nature of the fluid is taken into consideration. The reduced form of equations governing the flow are developed by the implementation of similarity transformations. The coupled system thus obtained is solved by using the homotopy analysis method (HAM). Findings Augmentation in velocity and temperature profiles is discussed graphically by varying various involved parameters. The total error of the system is discussed in Table I. The cases of linear radiation and non-linear radiation are also discussed in Tables II and III. Originality/value The study presented in this paper is original and it has not been submitted to any other journal for publication purpose. The contents are original and proper references have been provided wherever applicable.
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Wilson, Basil W. „THE MECHANISM OF SEICHES IN TABLE BAY HARBOR, CAPE TOWN“. Coastal Engineering Proceedings 1, Nr. 4 (01.01.2000): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v4.4.
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Surging in Table Bay Harbor is shown to be favored by the peculiar location of the harbor within Table Bay and of Table Bay within the South Atlantic Ocean, and by the fortuitous fact that both the external and internal dimensions of the 'harbor accentuate the development of seiches. The roadstead comprising a three-sided quasi-basin permits resonant augmentation of several bay-seiches, notably those of about 11 and 5 1/2- minutes period, and certain harmonics among these are stimulated sufficiently to communicate themselves into the docks and achieve resonance there also. The periodicities of oscillations found by observation are explained theoretically and confirmed in model experiments. The largest basin of the harbor, during its construction period, exhibited different oscillating properties from those in evidence today. The differences are explained on the basis of the changing dimensions in shape and depth of the enclosed body of water. Model experiments again confirm the general mechanism of behavior.
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Shota, Hoshika, Hiroyuki Sugaya, Norimasa Takahashi, Keisuke Matsuki, Morihito Tokai, Yusuke Ueda und Hiroshige Hamada. „Arthroscopic Soft Tissue Stabilization for Traumatic Anterior Shoulder Instability in Elite Collision Athletes“. Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 7, Nr. 3_suppl2 (01.03.2019): 2325967119S0019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967119s00192.
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Objectives: Surgical options for shoulder instability in collision athletes remain controversial. Although arthroscopic soft tissue stabilization is widely accepted treatment for traumatic anterior shoulder instability, many surgeons prefer coracoid transfer such as Latarjet procedure for collision athletes with or without glenoid defect due to potential high recurrence rate after arthroscopic soft tissue Bankart repair (ABR). In the meantime, Hill-Sachs remplissage (HSR) has been gaining popularity as an effective arthroscopic augmentation procedure. Since 2002, we performed rotator interval closure (RIC) as an augmentation in addition to ABR or arthroscopic bony Bankart repair (ABBR) for collision athletes and obtained satisfactory outcome. However, teen players demonstrated higher recurrence rate compared to twenties and thirties. Therefore, from 2012, we performed HSR as an additional augmentation for teen players besides ABR/ABBR and RIC. The purpose of this study was to assess the outcomes after arthroscopic stabilization in collision athletes who underwent shoulder stabilization under our treatment strategy. Methods: Between 2012 through 2015, 95 consecutive collision athletes underwent shoulder stabilization. Among those, only 2 patients (2%) underwent arthroscopic bony procedure for poor capsular integrity. Among the remaining 93 patients who underwent soft tissue stabilization, 65 were available for minimum 2-year follow-up (70%). Therefore, subjects consisted of 65 players including 54 rugby and 11 American football players (Table 1). There were 13 national top league, 24 collegiate, 21 junior or senior high school, and 7 recreational players. The mean age at surgery was 20 years (range, 16-36). The mean follow-up was 37 months (range, 24-64). We retrospectively reviewed intraoperative findings and surgical procedures using patient records including surgical reports and videos. We also investigated functional outcome and recurrence rate. Pre- and postoperative Rowe scores were compared using paired t test. Results: Preoperative 3DCT of the glenoid demonstrated bony Bankart (fragment type) in 43 players (66%), attritional type in 16 (25%), and normal glenoid in 6 (9%). Mean glenoid bone loss was 15% (range, 0-25) and all of the glenoid with more than 10% bone loss retained bony fragment. All 65 players demonstrated Bankart lesion and 15 had concomitant SLAP lesion (23%) which required to be repaired. In addition, 5 players demonstrated capsule tear (8%), which were also repaired. Twenty-four players (36%) underwent ABR or ABBR with RIC and forty one players (64%) underwent ABR or ABBR combined with HSR (Table 1). The mean Rowe score significantly improved after surgery from 65 (range, 55-75) to 92 (range, 65-100) (P < .001). Recurrence appeared in 2 cases (3%), both of which were junior or senior high school players who underwent ABR with HSR. Ten national top league players who underwent ABR with RIC had no recurrence. Conclusion: Soft tissue stabilization combined with selective augmentation procedures for traumatic shoulder instability in collision athletes demonstrated satisfactory outcomes with extremely low recurrence rate. Since the incidence of having bony Bankart lesion in collision athletes was very high, arthroscopic bony Bankart repair worked in many patients even with significant glenoid bone loss. Further, Hill-Sachs remplissage seemed to be effective additional augmentation especially in young collision athletes. [Table: see text]
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Boekelder, Angelique. „Printed Instructions: An Examination of Some Visual Formats for Presenting Procedures“. Journal of Technical Writing and Communication 26, Nr. 4 (Oktober 1996): 385–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/pye9-6h58-64rd-tdxa.
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Three formats for presenting a number of similar procedures in printed instructions were compared in an experiment: separate lists, an integrated list, and a table. Participants had to operate a device on the computer screen, following procedures that were presented in one of these three formats. The integrated list format and the table format were expected to provide an overview of the features common to the similar procedures, which would help incidental learning of the procedures. However, the experiment did not yield such results. None of the formats scored significantly better than the other in the augmentation of incidental learning. Since instructions in integrated list format take more time to read in the beginning than the other formats, the integrated list format can be considered as the least favorable format.
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Raiti, Jihane, und Abdellatif Hafidi. „Mixed micelles-mediated dephenolisation of table olive processing's wastewaters“. Water Science and Technology 72, Nr. 12 (17.08.2015): 2132–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2015.395.
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Olive processing wastewaters account for highly pollutant agro-industrial effluents. Their phenolic compounds are responsible for their toxicity. Those natural compounds have to be degraded or recovered before any discharge into the environment. This investigation deals with the extraction and concentration of the phenolic compounds into an aqueous phase using a mixture of nonionic/anionic surfactants. A synergistic effect for the extraction of the natural phenolic compounds was observed when Genapol X-80 was combined with sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS). For the tested Genapol X-80 concentration (1–5%), a minimum concentration of 2.5 mM SDS was demonstrated to be necessary to reach maximum extraction rates. The extraction efficiencies were only slightly affected by temperatures between 20 and 50 °C. However, the recovery rate of the phenolic compounds increased with the augmentation of the contact time. The pH has also been found to greatly influence the extraction of the phenolic compounds and the coacervate volume fraction. At optimal conditions, the coacervate phase was enriched up to four times whereas the maximum reduction of the phenolic content in the diluted phase reached more than 40% in one step extraction.
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Dong, Yuyang, Chuan Xiao, Takuma Nozawa, Masafumi Enomoto und Masafumi Oyamada. „DeepJoin: Joinable Table Discovery with Pre-Trained Language Models“. Proceedings of the VLDB Endowment 16, Nr. 10 (Juni 2023): 2458–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.14778/3603581.3603587.
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Due to the usefulness in data enrichment for data analysis tasks, joinable table discovery has become an important operation in data lake management. Existing approaches target equi-joins, the most common way of combining tables for creating a unified view, or semantic joins, which tolerate misspellings and different formats to deliver more join results. They are either exact solutions whose running time is linear in the sizes of query column and target table repository, or approximate solutions lacking precision. In this paper, we propose DeepJoin, a deep learning model for accurate and efficient joinable table discovery. Our solution is an embedding-based retrieval, which employs a pre-trained language model (PLM) and is designed as one framework serving both equi- and semantic (with a similarity condition on word embeddings) joins for textual attributes with fairly small cardinalities. We propose a set of contextualization options to transform column contents to a text sequence. The PLM reads the sequence and is fine-tuned to embed columns to vectors such that columns are expected to be joinable if they are close to each other in the vector space. Since the output of the PLM is fixed in length, the subsequent search procedure becomes independent of the column size. With a state-of-the-art approximate nearest neighbor search algorithm, the search time is sublinear in the repository size. To train the model, we devise the techniques for preparing training data as well as data augmentation. The experiments on real datasets demonstrate that by training on a small subset of a corpus, DeepJoin generalizes to large datasets and its precision consistently outperforms other approximate solutions'. DeepJoin is even more accurate than an exact solution to semantic joins when evaluated with labels from experts. Moreover, when equipped with a GPU, DeepJoin is up to two orders of magnitude faster than existing solutions.
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Rogero, Ryan G., Daniel Corr, Andrew Fisher, Joseph T. O’Neil, Daniel J. Fuchs und Steven M. Raikin. „Outcomes of Plantaris Tendon Augmentation in Acute Achilles Tendon Rupture Repair“. Foot & Ankle Orthopaedics 5, Nr. 4 (01.10.2020): 2473011420S0040. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2473011420s00409.
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Category: Trauma; Ankle; Hindfoot; Sports Introduction/Purpose: Given the lack of consensus regarding the optimal surgical treatment for acute Achilles tendon ruptures, identifying techniques to maximize functional outcomes is crucial. Augmentation of Achilles tendon repair with the plantaris tendon is an established surgical technique that is thought to improve outcomes by reinforcing the repair site as well as decreasing soft tissue adhesions, though no studies have specifically looked at outcomes of its use. The purpose of this study is to compare the outcomes of acute Achilles tendon repairs managed with and without plantaris tendon augmentation. Methods: A retrospective review of patients undergoing open repair of acute Achilles tendon ruptures with a single fellowship- trained foot & ankle surgeon from 2010-2016 was performed. Patients <18 years of age, those whose procedures were >21 days from the date of injury, or whose repair was augmented with a flexor hallucis longus (FHL) tendon transfer or V-Y advancement were excluded. Operative report review determined if repair included plantaris augmentation. Augmentation involved weaving the tendon through the Achilles above and below the rupture site creating a box type biologic augmentation. Patients were contacted at >=2 years postoperatively to complete the Foot & Ankle Ability Measure (FAAM)-Activities of Daily Living (ADL) and -Sports subscales, visual analog scale (VAS) for pain, as well as surveyed regarding their satisfaction with the surgical outcome using a 5- point Likert scale. Mann-Whitney U, Chi-squared and Fisher’s exact tests were performed to compare patient variables and postoperative outcomes. Results: One hundred twenty-eight patients undergoing repair of an acute Achilles tendon rupture were included, including 59 (46.1%) with plantaris tendon augmentation and 69 (53.9%) without. The two patient cohorts did not differ in any preoperative patient variables (p>0.0892). Patients with and without plantaris augmentation did not experience any significant difference in the rate of postoperative complications (p=1.000), including a 0% re-rupture rate in each group. Additionally, at an average follow-up of 57.1 months, the groups did not differ in FAAM-ADL score (p=0.7116), FAAM-Sports score (p=0.4024), the Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation (SANE) as part of the FAAM-Sports subscale (p=0.2572), VAS pain (p=0.1885), or outcome satisfaction (p=0.7317). Conclusion: Our study demonstrates that plantaris tendon augmentation does not improve patient functional outcomes following acute Achilles tendon repair, but also is not associated with increased complication rates. Further studies, including either higher-level prospective, randomized clinical studies or biomechanical evaluation of the technique, are indicated to justify this adjunctive procedure. [Table: see text]
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Mehl, Julian T., Cameron Kia, Matthew Murphy, Elifho Obopilwe, Mark Cote, Florian B. Imhoff, Andreas B. Imhoff, Robert A. Arciero, Knut Beitzel und Alexander Otto. „Posteromedial Ligament Repair of the Knee With Suture Tape Augmentation: A Biomechanical Study“. American Journal of Sports Medicine 47, Nr. 12 (27.08.2019): 2952–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0363546519868961.
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Background: In cases of acute combined posteromedial and anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries, primary repair of the superficial medial collateral ligament (sMCL) and posterior oblique ligament (POL) with suture tape augmentation may be a reasonable alternative to standard tendon reconstruction techniques. Purpose/Hypothesis: The purpose was to examine the rotational and valgus laxity with ACL strain following sMCL and POL repair with suture tape augmentation at various degrees of knee flexion. It was hypothesized that this technique would restore knee laxity and kinematics comparable with those of the intact state. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: Ten cadaveric knee specimens (mean ± SD, 57.9 ± 5.9 years) were obtained. Specimens were tested with the tibia fixed and the femur mobile on an X-Y table. Each specimen was tested in 4 conditions according to the state of the sMCL and POL: native, deficient, repaired with suture tape augmentation, and reconstructed with tendon allografts. Valgus laxity was tested with 40-N force applied in the lateral direction of the femur, and rotational motion was tested with 5-N torque applied to the tibia. ACL strain during valgus stress was also measured. Each condition was tested in 0°, 15°, 30°, 45°, and 60° of knee flexion. Results: Dissection of the sMCL and POL led to significantly increased valgus laxity in all flexion angles, with a significant increase in ACL strain at 30° ( P < .001) and 45° ( P < .001). Ligament repair with suture tape augmentation demonstrated similar valgus and rotational laxity as compared with intact specimens, with the exception of increased internal rotation at 30° ( P = .005). Ligament reconstruction resulted in significantly increased valgus opening at 45° ( P = .048) and significantly increased internal rotation at 30° ( P < .001) as compared with the native state. Direct comparison between surgical techniques showed no significant differences. Conclusion: At time zero, ligament repair of the posteromedial knee with suture tape augmentation restored close-to-native valgus and rotatory laxity, as well as native ACL strain for cases of complete sMCL and POL avulsion. Clinical Relevance: Ligament repair of the sMCL and POL with suture tape augmentation may be a reasonable alternative to tendon reconstruction techniques in cases of acute combined posteromedial and ACL injuries with valgus and rotatory instability.
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Chung, Christine, Sheronda Statum, Elyse Berlinberg, Ophelie Lavoie-Gagne, Harsh Patel, Brian Cole, Bernard Bach et al. „Poster 266: The Effect of Bone Marrow Aspirate Concentrate Augmentation on ACL Reconstruction Allograft Volume and PROMs“. Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 10, Nr. 7_suppl5 (01.07.2022): 2325967121S0082. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967121s00827.
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Objectives: Prior studies have correlated MRI-calculated tendon volume with biomechanical properties of ACL allografts in porcine models. Bone marrow aspirate concentrate (BMAC) has been shown to improve biomechanical graft strength in other animal studies. We sought to assess the effects of BMAC on ACL bone-tendon-bone (BTB) allograft volume and PROMs. Methods: The study population included 66 patients with both a 3-month and 9-month MRI from an IRB-approved, double-blinded, randomized control trial comparing patients undergoing ACL reconstruction (ACLR) with BTB allograftBMAC. The primary outcome was tendon volume at 9 months, with a secondary outcome of change in tendon volume between 3-9 months. Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score Junior (KOOS-Jr), Tegner activity scale, and International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) were obtained pre-operatively and at 1 year. Results: The final analysis included 32 BMAC study patients (BMAC volume=2.420.90 mL, soak time=17.83.15 mins) and 34 control patients. Baseline demographics, physical exam features, and PROs did not vary between groups. Average 9-month tendon volume was 773280 mm3 in BMAC patients and 743224 mm3 in controls ( P=0.634). Mean change in tendon volume between 3-9 months was 1175 mm3 in BMAC patients and -21120 mm3 in controls ( P=0.552). Tendon volume was not associated with KOOS-Jr (beta=7.26 mm3/point, 95 % Confidence Interval [CI]=-13.21-27.72, P=0.476), Tegner (beta=-0.53 mm3/point, 95% CI=-2.40-1.45, P=0.596), or IKDC (beta=5.18 mm3/point, 95% CI=-10.59-20.95, P=0.513). There was a nonsignificant, negative correlation between tendon volume and KT-1000 translation (beta=-0.56 mm3/cm, 95% CI=-1.15-0.04, P=0.065). Conclusions: In this study, BMAC did not affect tendon volume at 9 months after ACLR. PRO-scores were not significantly associated with tendon volume. Both BMAC patients and controls showed improvements in KOOS Jr, Tegner, and IKDC. Biomechanical and histologic studies are warranted to better elucidate the relationship between BMAC augmentation, PRO scores, and ligamentization in ACL allograft reconstruction. [Table: see text][Table: see text][Table: see text]
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Bussotti, Jean-Flavien, Enzo Veltri, Donatello Santoro und Paolo Papotti. „Generation of Training Examples for Tabular Natural Language Inference“. Proceedings of the ACM on Management of Data 1, Nr. 4 (08.12.2023): 1–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3626730.
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Tabular data is becoming increasingly important in Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks, such as Tabular Natural Language Inference (TNLI). Given a table and a hypothesis expressed in NL text, the goal is to assess if the former structured data supports or refutes the latter. In this work, we focus on the role played by the annotated data in training the inference model. We introduce a system, Tenet, for the automatic augmentation and generation of training examples for TNLI. Given the tables, existing approaches are either based on human annotators, and thus expensive, or on methods that produce simple examples that lack data variety and complex reasoning. Instead, our approach is built around the intuition that SQL queries are the right tool to achieve variety in the generated examples, both in terms of data variety and reasoning complexity. The first is achieved by evidence-queries that identify cell values over tables according to different data patterns. Once the data for the example is identified, semantic-queries describe the different ways such data can be identified with standard SQL clauses. These rich descriptions are then verbalized as text to create the annotated examples for the TNLI task. The same approach is also extended to create counterfactual examples, i.e., examples where the hypothesis is false, with a method based on injecting errors in the original (clean) table. For all steps, we introduce generic generation algorithms that take as input only the tables. For our experimental study, we use three datasets from the TNLI literature and two crafted by us on more complex tables. Tenet generates human-like examples, which lead to the effective training of several inference models with results comparable to those obtained by training the same models with manually-written examples.
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Kosse, Angelika, Jonathan Pishoi Nakhla, Reza Yassari, Apolonia Elisabeth Abramowicz und Allan Brook. „Republished: Retained needle after cement injection during vertebral augmentation and its management strategy“. Journal of NeuroInterventional Surgery 8, Nr. 12 (24.02.2016): e51-e51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/neurintsurg-2015-012180.rep.
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A middle aged patient with multiple myeloma resulting in numerous pathological fractures underwent an L2, L3, and L5 vertebral cement augmentation for pain relief. After injection, the trocar at L2, the final level, could not be withdrawn despite several attempts of needle rotation, a second needle inserted to distract on, and rocking the needle on the pedicle. After a neurosurgical consultation, the patient was transferred to the operating room for open removal. As the needle protruded approximately 3 inches from the patient's back, the patient could not be positioned supine, and was anesthetized and intubated in the right semi-prone position prior to being placed prone on the operating room table. The needle was surgically exposed, cut off at the pedicular bone edge, and its free component was removed.
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Ganesh Kumar, K., S. A. Shehzad, T. Ambreen und And M. I. Anwar. „Heat transfer augmentation in water-based TiO_2 nanoparticles through a converging/diverging channel by considering Darcy-Forchheimer porosity“. Revista Mexicana de Física 65, Nr. 4 Jul-Aug (01.07.2019): 373. http://dx.doi.org/10.31349/revmexfis.65.373.
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This article executes MHD heat transport augmentation in aqueous based nanoparticles fluid flow over convergent/divergent channel. Joule heating, magnetic field and Darcy-Forchheimer effects are explained for concentration and temperature distributions. Darcy-Forchheimer theory is utilized to explore the impact of porous medium. The system of partial differential expressions is transformed into ordinary ones and evaluated numerically by implementing RKF-45 scheme. Expressions for velocity and temperature profile are derived and plotted under the assumption of flow parameter. Influence of various parameters on heat transfer rates and surface drag force are discussed with the help of table and plots.
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LaPrade, Robert, Grant Dornan, Mitchell Kennedy, Tyler Cram, Travis Dekker, Marc Strauss, Lars Engebretsen, Martin Lind und Nicholas DePhillipo. „Paper 85: Superficial MCL Augmented Repair Versus Reconstruction: A Multi-Center Randomized Controlled Trial“. Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 10, Nr. 7_suppl5 (01.07.2022): 2325967121S0064. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967121s00648.
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Objectives: The purpose of this study was to compare clinical outcomes between randomized groups who underwent MCL augmentation repair versus MCL autograft reconstruction. Methods: Patients were prospectively enrolled from 2013 to 2019 from 3 centers (United States, Norway, Denmark). Grade III superficial (sMCL) injuries were confirmed by stress radiography. Patients were randomized to an anatomic sMCL reconstruction versus an augmented repair with surgical treatment determined after examination under anesthesia confirmed sMCL incompetence. Post-operative visits occurred at 6 weeks and 6 months for repeat evaluation and repeat stress radiography at final follow-up. Patient reported outcome measures (PROMs) were obtained preoperatively and postoperatively at 6 months, 1 year, and at final follow-up. The two one-sided t-test (TOST) procedure was used to test clinical equivalence for side-to-side difference in valgus gapping, and Mann-Whitney U-test was used to compare postoperative PROMs between groups. Results: Fifty-four patients were prospectively enrolled from 3 centers. The average overall patient age was 38.0 years (standard deviation (SD = 14.2 years), average body mass index was 25.0 (SD = 3.6). Preoperative valgus stress radiographs demonstrated 3.74 mm (SD = 1.1 mm) of increased side-to-side gapping overall, while it was 4.10 mm (SD = 1.46 mm) in the MCL augmentation group and 3.42 mm (SD = 0.55) in the MCL reconstruction group (p = 0.036). Postoperative valgus stress radiographs at an average of 6 months were 0.21 mm (SD = 0.81 mm) for MCL augmentation and 0.19 mm (SD = 0.67 mm) for MCL reconstruction (p = 0.940). At final follow-up (minimum 1-year), Lysholm scores were significantly higher in the reconstruction group (median 90, inter-quartile range 83–99) compared to the repair group (median 80, IQR 67-92; p=0.031). Final IKDC scores were significantly higher for the reconstruction group (median 85, IQR 68-89) compared to the repair group (median 72, IQR 60-78; p=0.039). Postoperative Tegner scores were not significantly different between the repair group (median 5, IQR 3.5-6) and the reconstruction group (median 5.5, IQR 4-7; p=0.123). Patient satisfaction was not significantly different between the repair (median 7.5, IQR 5.75–9.25) and reconstruction groups (median 9, IQR 7 - 10; p=0.184). There were no reported cases of DVT, infection, or arthrofibrosis in any patient in either group. There were no reported MCL graft ruptures in either the augmentation or reconstruction group as indicated from valgus stress radiographs (≥ 3.2 mm) and physical examination at 12 months postoperatively. Conclusions: There was no difference in objective outcomes between a sMCL augmentation repair versus a complete sMCL reconstruction at one year postoperatively. Patient reported clinical outcomes favored the reconstruction over repair. This randomized controlled trial demonstrated that anatomic-based treatment of MCL tears with an early knee motion program had low risk of graft attenuation and complications. [Table: see text][Table: see text]
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Korber, Shane, Ioanna Bolia, Neilan Benvergnu, Brian Panish, Tristan Juhan, Alexander Weber, Evan Argintar und George Hatch. „Patient-Reported Outcomes Following Multi-Ligament Knee Injuries With or Without Internal Brace Augmentation and the Role of Patient Access to Rehabilitation (174)“. Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 9, Nr. 10_suppl5 (01.10.2021): 2325967121S0029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967121s00294.
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Objectives: (1) To compare the postoperative outcomes in patient who underwent multifilament knee reconstruction (MLKR) with or without internal brace augmentation and (2) To examine potential differences in outcomes of patients with different access to postoperative rehabilitation following MLKR. Methods: Adult patients sustaining a multifilament knee injury (MLKI) from 2007 to 2020 who were surgically treated by a single surgeon were retrospectively identified and invited to participate. Patients with incomplete follow up data were excluded. Data recorded included patient demographics, intraoperative procedure performed (with versus without use of internal brace), patient access to rehabilitation after surgery (limited versus full access) and postoperative patient reported outcomes. The last included the Multiligament Quality of Life Questionnaire (MLQOL), PROMIS Computer Adaptive Testing (CAT) for Physical Function, Mobility, and Pain Interference, and the Lysholm Knee Questionnaire. Descriptive statistics were conducted using STATA. Comparison of the postoperative outcomes was performed between patients who received or did not receive internal brace during MLKR and those who had limited versus full access to postoperative rehabilitation, using descriptive statistics (STATA). The level of statistical significance was set at <0.05. Results: A total of 85 (15 females,70 males) patients met the inclusion criteria. Of those, 62 patients (13 females, 49 males underwent MLKR without internal brace augmentation (NIB group) and 23 patients (2 females, 11 males) underwent MLKR with internal brace augmentation (IB group). Patient age and BMI were similar between the IB and NIB groups (Table 1). The mean follow-up time was 5.2+/-0.6 years on the NIB group and 1.5+/-0.1 years in the IB group (p<0.0001). The comparison of baseline characteristics and postoperative outcomes in MLKR patients in the NIB and IB groups is shown in Table 1. There was no difference in any of the postoperative outcome scores between patients in the NIB and IB groups who underwent MLKR. Access to rehabilitation data were available for 83 patients. Of those, 69 patients (12 females, 57 males) had full access to rehabilitation and 17 patients (3 females, 14 males) had limited access to postoperative rehabilitation. The mean follow- up time was similar between patients with versus limited access to rehabilitation (mean time was 2.6 years and 2.2 years respectively, p=0.96). The baseline patient characteristics were similar between the last two subgroups. However, patients with limited access to postoperative rehabilitation had significantly lower PROMIS Pain (p=0.018) and PROMIS Physical Function (p=0.025) scores compared to patients with full access to rehabilitation. The comparison of baseline characteristics and postoperative outcomes in MLKR patients with limited versus full access to postoperative rehabilitation is presented in Table 2. Conclusions: Internal bracing augmentation did not result in significant improvement of postoperative outcomes in patients undergoing MLKR, compared to the traditional technique without the use of internal brace, at short-term follow up. Postoperative rehabilitation is critical in patients who undergo MLKR, as patients with limited access to may experience worse outcomes at short term follow up in comparison to those who have full access to rehabilitation services. The socioeconomic status of the MLKR candidates should be examined preoperatively, and efforts should be made to grant these patients access to postoperative rehabilitation in order to optimize their clinical outcomes.
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Pratihar, Sanjoy, und Partha Bhowmick. „On the Farey sequence and its augmentation for applications to image analysis“. International Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science 27, Nr. 3 (01.09.2017): 637–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/amcs-2017-0045.
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AbstractWe introduce a novel concept of theaugmented Farey table(AFT). Its purpose is to store the ranks of fractions of aFarey sequencein an efficient manner so as to return therankof any query fraction in constant time. As a result, computations on the digital plane can be crafted down to simple integer operations; for example, the tasks like determining the extent of collinearity of integer points or of parallelism of straight lines—often required to solve many image-analytic problems—can be made fast and efficient through an appropriate AFT-based tool. We derive certain interesting characterizations of an AFT for its efficient generation. We also show how, for a fraction not present in a Farey sequence, the rank of thenearest fractionin that sequence can efficiently be obtained by theregula falsimethod from the AFT concerned. To assert its merit, we show its use in two applications—one in polygonal approximation of digital curves and the other in skew correction of engineering drawings in document images. Experimental results indicate the potential of the AFT in such image-analytic applications.
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Ahmed, Ramadan Mohamed Elsaid. „Evaluating the Impacts of Proximal Femoral Nail Anti-Rotation (PFNA) Augmentation in Osteoporotic Intertrochanteric Fractures“. American Journal of Medical Science and Innovation 3, Nr. 1 (15.05.2024): 96–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.54536/ajmsi.v3i1.2758.
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Surgical interventions are crucial for managing osteoporotic intertrochanteric fractures. Among these interventions, Proximal Femoral Nail Antirotation (PFNA) is preferred due to its advantages in reducing blood loss and surgical duration. This research study examined proximal femoral nail anti-rotation’s clinical and radiological outcomes with augmentation in osteoporotic intertrochanteric fractures. The surgical approach encompassed 50 patients with osteoporotic intertrochanteric fractures treated between November 2012 and April 2014. The surgeries were performed in a supine position on a traction radiolucent table with general, regional, or spinal anesthesia. The incision and nail-blade angle were carefully selected, and postoperative outcomes, including range of motion, infection rates, and complications, were assessed. Results showed a 96% success rate with PFNA, with most patients regaining pre-surgery range of motion within six weeks. Fracture healing was effective in 94% of cases within six months, although some required revision surgery or experienced mechanical failure. Postoperative complications, including superficial infections and nonunion, were observed in a small percentage of cases. In conclusion, PFNA with augmentation is viable for treating osteoporotic intertrochanteric fractures, offering good clinical outcomes and a low complication rate. However, careful patient selection and surgical techniques are essential to minimize risks and ensure optimal results.
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Priya, Shalini, Alina Peluso, Mayanka Chandra Shekhar, Ioana Danciu, Jordan Miller und Heidi A. Hanson. „Abstract 4191: Assessing performance of biomarker extraction from electronic health records: Data augmentation methods for a hierarchical self-attention network (HiSAN)“. Cancer Research 83, Nr. 7_Supplement (04.04.2023): 4191. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2023-4191.
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Abstract Background: Extraction of HER2 status from electronic health records (EHR) may expedite clinical trials matching and be used for survivorship research. Deep learning (DL) algorithms have potential to extract this data; however, inherent class imbalance leads to reduced model performance. We compare state of the art strategies to handle class imbalance in models trained to extract HER2 status. This comparative analysis may be used as a guideline for HER2 extraction. Methods: 680,117 pathology reports collected from 2017-2021 by the National Cancer Institutes’ Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End-Results (SEER) program were used for this study. Pathology reports are manually labelled by cancer registrars as HER2 -, HER2+, or Unknown (class ratio 65%, 11%, 24% respectively). We compare six data augmentation (DA) methods: balanced frequency weighting, ROS while up-sampling HER2+ by 595%, RUS while down-sampling HER2- by 83%, SMOTE, ADASYN, and SMOTE-Tomek. As a comparison we consider the HiSAN model i.e., a DL architecture currently used by SEER for automatic classification of reports. Result: Applying DA strategies did not improve the performance of the HiSAN model (Table 1). Frequency based class-weighting (Acc=0.78), ROS (Acc=0.81), and RUS (Acc=0.80) perform worse than the baseline model, suggesting simple data augmentation methods do not boost performance for this task. Advanced oversampling with SMOTE (Acc=0.88) and ADASYN (Acc=0.88) perform better than simple approaches, but do not improve the predictive accuracy of the baseline HiSAN. Conclusion: Common DA methods do not improve the performance of the HiSAN biomaker method. While the overall accuracy of the baseline HiSAN model is quite high, other methods for improved accuracy should be explored. Table 1. Method Accuracy (Acc) Sensitivity Specificity Precision HiSAN (Baseline) 0.8898 0.7583 0.8944 0.8507 Frequency class weighting 0.7826 0.8033 0.8932 0.7040 Random Over Sampling (ROS) 0.8057 0.7672 0.8883 0.7130 Random Under Sampling (RUS) 0.8042 0.7883 0.8930 0.6902 Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique (SMOTE) 0.8796 0.7341 0.8827 0.8340 Adaptive Synthetic Sampling (ADASYN) 0.8764 0.7467 0.8863 0.8142 SMOTE-Tomek 0.8823 0.7620 0.8956 0.8200 Citation Format: Shalini Priya, Alina Peluso, Mayanka Chandra Shekhar, Ioana Danciu, Jordan Miller, Heidi A. Hanson. Assessing performance of biomarker extraction from electronic health records: Data augmentation methods for a hierarchical self-attention network (HiSAN). [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 4191.
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Kinash, Yu O., L. V. Kinash und K. V. Honcharov. „A COMPREHENSIVE APPROACH TO THE TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH ALVEOLAR RIDGE ATROPHY IN PARODONTAL DISEASES: FROM THE USE OF BONE AUGMENTATION TO THE RESTORATION OF FUNCTIONAL OCCLUSION“. Ukrainian Dental Almanac, Nr. 2 (29.06.2021): 19–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.31718/2409-0255.2.2021.04.
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The rate of atrophy is significantly lower with the included dentition defects than with the final ones, as the teeth that limit the newly formed defect are natural constraints for bone resorption. However, the comprised dentition defects are not able to prevent the pathological process in the inflammatory-destructive process and generalized diseases in parodontal tissues, which in the future will affect the choice of prosthetic restoration and patient’s aesthetic appearance. Therefore, in the complex treatment of parodontal diseases, functional occlusion plays a remarkable role, which is achieved by rational prosthetics with prosthetic restoration made in articulators customized for individual function by CAD/CAM technology to eliminate traumatic interference and evenly distribute the masticatory load on the dentition and parodontal tissues.
The aim of the study is to increase the therapeutic efficacy for patients with alveolar ridge atrophy in generalized parodontal diseases due to the inflammatory-destructive process from the use of bone augmentation followed by prosthetic rehabilitation of such patients and the development of a treatment approach.
Materials and methods: Preliminary examination of patients was carried out according to the generally accepted methods of subjective and objective examination. Spot-film radiography, computed tomography, diagnostics were performed in an individually adjusted articulator, orthopantomogram, Vita Easyshade Advance 4.0 device.
A digital database has been created in Microsoft Excel for the calculations. Statistical processing of the results was performed by the "Statistica 6.0" software.
The canine guide on the laterotrusion side causes the distal-buccal surface of the lower canine of the working side to slide along the palatal slope of the upper canine of the working side. According to the table, among 25 patients of female patients 15 patients dominate in the gender assessment of the results, including 11 patients who underwent a comprehensive treatment of parodontal diseases with apical complications from the use of bone augmentation, which estimated 73.3% (p<0.05). The other 4 patients, which estimated 26.7% (p<0.05) of the total number of female patients were treated without the use of bone augmentation. In the treatment of male patients, the distribution was as follows: 7 patients, which estimated 70% (p<0.05) of the total number of male patients, underwent comprehensive treatment of parodontal disease with bone augmentation, 3 patients (30% (p<0.05)) underwent comprehensive treatment of parodontal diseases without the use of bone augmentation. Therefore, there were 25 patients with generalized parodontal disease with apical complications, 18 patients (72% (p <0.05)) of all patients without gender distribution received comprehensive treatment with bone augmentation, 7 patients (28% (p<0.05)) without regard to gender, comprehensive treatment was performed without the use of bone augmentation.
Destructive processes in generalized parodontal diseases with apical complications cause bone defects that have to be replaced to rebuild the implant site and areas of restoration. The directed or nondirectional bone augmentation was used for this purpose. However, the directed bone augmentation with bioresorbable membranes is not sufficient at considerable bone defects. A strong skeleton is required for this purpose, which will provide additional mechanical support to counteract the load from the upper tissues and external factors, increase the regenerative potential, be able to save the bone from resorption; it will not be resorbed by itself and will form the necessary pattern of the alveolar process. At the same time, the masticatory load on the parodontal tissues normalizes due to the restoration of the anatomical relief of the occlusal relations, which will ensure the durability of prosthetic restoration made by CAD/CAM technology and comfortable use.
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Podany, Emily, und Katherine Clifton. „Abstract PO1-20-08: Primary breast implant-associated squamous cell carcinoma with subsequent TEMPUS testing and failure of immunotherapy“. Cancer Research 84, Nr. 9_Supplement (02.05.2024): PO1–20–08—PO1–20–08. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs23-po1-20-08.
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Abstract Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the breast is a rare entity, and there are a limited number of cases in the literature describing squamous cell carcinoma arising from breast implants. It has been hypothesized that these implant-associated cancers may arise from epithelialization of the implant capsule followed by chronic inflammation. None of the cases in the literature were treated with immunotherapy. We present a case of an aggressive, primary sarcomatoid squamous cell carcinoma of the breast arising from a breast implant that was treated unsuccessfully with simultaneous chemotherapy and immunotherapy following TEMPUS testing. Introduction: Breast augmentation is the most common plastic surgery procedure performed worldwide, with more than 300,000 done in the United States every year. While breast implant-associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma (BIA-ALCL) is extensively discussed in recent literature, other breast implant-associated cancers are rarer and less studied. Breast implant-associated squamous cell carcinoma (BIA-SCC) specifically is an extremely rare complication of breast augmentation and no guidelines for treatment exist. The American Society of Plastic Surgeons (ASPS) released a statement on BIA-SCC on 9/2022 following a safety communication from the FDA, and it is recommended health care providers submit case reports of BIA-SCC to a patient registry. Case study: We present the case of a female patient who underwent bilateral breast augmentation in 2006 with Mcghan textured, pre-pectoral, areolar saline implants. In 2022, she presented with swelling and a lump in her breast and underwent bilateral breast implant removal with capsulectomy. Pathology showed triple negative sarcomatoid squamous cell carcinoma of the right breast capsule. TEMPUS testing on the breast biopsy revealed a PIK3CA mutation and PD-L1 negative status. Her case was discussed with a multi-disciplinary team including plastic surgery, multiple oncologists, and radiation oncology and her clinical picture was determined to be most consistent with BIA-SCC. Based on the KEYNOTE-522 study, she was determined to be a candidate for neoadjuvant therapy with pembrolizumab and chemotherapy as she was newly diagnosed, previously untreated, nonmetastatic, and had a triple negative tumor. She received two cycles of carboplatin, paclitaxel, and pembrolizumab but unfortunately rapidly progressed with chest wall extension, multiple new pulmonary nodules, worsening lymphadenopathy, right ventricular tumor thrombus, and new malignant pleural effusion and was transitioned to hospice. Discussion: Seven cases of BIA-SCC, one case of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) after liquid silicone injection augmentation, one case of squamous metaplasia on the breast implant capsule, and one case of epithelization of the breast implant capsule have been previously described in the literature (Table 1). None of the available cases of BIA-SCC report TEMPUS testing, and none of the patients were treated with immunotherapy. The origin of BIA-SCC is unclear, but several theories have been described including chronic inflammation leading to conversion of epithelial tissue on the capsule to SCC. It is unknown how the breast implant capsule might become epithelialized to begin with – introduction of epithelium intraoperatively during augmentation, rupture of epidermal cysts, existence of epithelium in the area from a childhood injury or from birth, or epithelization from chronic shear forces from the augmentation or leakage of the implant are all possibilities. With the ongoing data gathering through the FDA patient registry, we will continue to learn more about these rare cancers and potentially get further insight into their origins. Table 1 An overview of cases of BIA-SCC in the literature Citation Format: Emily Podany, Katherine Clifton. Primary breast implant-associated squamous cell carcinoma with subsequent TEMPUS testing and failure of immunotherapy [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2023 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2023 Dec 5-9; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(9 Suppl):Abstract nr PO1-20-08.
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Dugas, Jeffrey R., Christopher A. Looze, Christopher Michael Jones, Brian L. Walters, Marcus A. Rothermich, Benton A. Emblom, Glenn S. Fleisig, Kyle Aune und E. Lyle Cain. „Ulnar Collateral Ligament Repair with Internal Brace Augmentation in Amateur Overhead Throwing Athletes“. Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 6, Nr. 7_suppl4 (01.07.2018): 2325967118S0008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967118s00084.
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Objectives: There has been a renewed interest in UCL repair in overhead athletes. This is largely due to greater understanding of UCL pathology, improvement in fixation technology and the extensive rehab required to return from UCL reconstruction. Initial data regarding UCL repair in overhead athletes was poor and therefore UCL repair was largely abandoned in favor of reconstruction. However, recent literature examining UCL repair with anchor only fixation demonstrated an excellent rate of return to play, reduced time to return to play and a low complication rate. Based on this promising data, we have developed a novel technique of UCL repair with internal brace augmentation that we have used in overhead throwing athletes. We performed a prospective study evaluating the outcomes of this procedure with respect to return to play, time to return to play, functional outcome score and complications. Methods: Overhead athletes undergoing UCL repair with internal brace augmentation were prospectively followed for a minimum of one year. Patients were carefully selected from those who would traditionally be considered for UCL reconstruction. Initially, patients were considered if they had an avulsion of the UCL with otherwise healthy UCL tissue and had a vested interest in shortened rehab. As the study progressed, interest in shortened rehab became a less stringent criteria. Demographic and operative data were collected at the time surgery. This data was compiled for both desciption and comparison between subgroups. Patients were then contacted 1 year postoperatively and assessed for return to play, time to return to play and KJOC scores. Complications were documented and patients having complications were detailed. Results: 66 overhead athletes underwent UCL repair with internal brace augmentation during the study period. 8 were lost to follow up, leaving 58 athletes included in the study. Average age at the time of surgery was 17.9 years old. There were 43 baseball pitchers, 8 baseball position players, 4 softball players, 2 football quaterbacks, and 1 javelin thrower. 96% (54/56) of those who desired to return to the same or higher level of competition were able to do so at an average time of 6.1 months (range 3.2-12 months). 65% of these were able to return in less than 6 months. Many of those who took longer than 6 months did so due to timing within the season. Average KJOC score was 90.2 at 1-year follow-up. 3 patients required return to the operating room, 2 of which were eventually able to return to their previous level of play. There was 1 late failure over 3 years from the index procedure. Comparative subgroup data is presented in table 1. Conclusion: UCL repair with internal brace augmentation is a viable option for overhead throwers with selected UCL pathology who wish to return to sport in a shorter time frame than allowed by traditional UCL reconstruction. [Table: see text]
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Victor, Aaron R., Nicholas Greco, Marcie Finney, Paul Scheid und Mary J. Laughlin. „Augmentation of Angiogenic Structures by Umbilical Cord Blood-Derived Cells“. Blood 112, Nr. 11 (16.11.2008): 5446. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v112.11.5446.5446.
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Abstract The revascularization of patients with ischemic conditions is a major obstacle in medicine. Umbilical cord blood (UCB) holds revascularization potential as a source of stem cells and progenitor cells, particularly those designated by the surface markers CD133 and CD34. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) have been used to study the formation of angiogenic structures. These structures result in networks characterized by nodes with two or more branch points. Our hypothesis is that the effector cells (UCB-derived CD133/34 pos cells) have a proangiogenic effect on the growth of HUVEC by a paracrine mechanism rather than integration into the network of angiogenic structures. When cultured on the gelatinous protein matrix Growth Factor Reduced Matrigel (GFR MG), HUVEC form a network of branching structures. Matrigel with reduced growth factors was used because we wanted to assess the role of growth factors released by effector cells. Growth factors in GFR MG include bFGF (0–0.1 pg/mL), EGF (<0.5 ng/mL), IGF-1 (5 ng/mL), PDGF (<5 pg/mL), NGF (<0.2 ng/mL), and TGF-b (1.7 ng/mL). A co-culture assay of HUVEC and CD133/34 pos cells on GFR MG allowed the measurement of the kinetics, magnitude, and persistence of structure growth. Because we wanted to mimic an ischemic bed, experiments were performed at 1% O2 in a PRO OX chamber (BioSpherix). To determine if cell-to-cell contact is required for augmentation of angiogenesis, Transwell experiments with CD133/34 pos cells suspended above HUVEC cultured on Matrigel were conducted. The pore size of 0.3 μm in the Tranwells did not permit cell penetration. In addition, levels of growth factors were measured by a Luminex assay for the factors hFGF, hHGF, hINF-g, hMIP-1a, hMIP-1a, hIL-8, hRANTES, hTNF-a, and hVEGF. Cells were cultured at 2 × 106 cells/mL for 24 hrs and media was collected for analysis. The number of branch points or nodes (a quantitative measurement of angiogenesis), was greater when magnetically-selected and fluorescence-activated cell sorted UCB-derived CD133/34 positive (pos) cells are added to the HUVEC culture on Matrigel than when HUVEC were cultured alone. When the CD133 negative (neg) cells from the cord blood are cultured with HUVEC, the number of nodes also increased at the first time at 16 ± 2 hours. The presence of both UCB-derived CD133/34 pos and CD133/34 neg cells also causes the nodes to persist longer than HUVECs alone, while the CD133/34 neg fraction allows the structures to persist to a greater degree than the CD133/34 pos fraction when followed for three days (Table). Day 1 Day 2 Day 3 Node # % Total Node # % Total Node # % Total HUVEC alone 11.6 ± 4.9 100 1.3 ± 1.15 9.2 0.33 ± 0.58 2.2 HUVEC + HSC CD133/34 pos 17.3 ± 9.2 100 6.3 ± 4.5 35.3 4.7 ± 5.5 21.4 HUVEC + HSC CD133/34 neg 34 ± 13.2 100 19.7 ± 2.5 61.6 10 ± 3.6 29.8 Table: “Node #” refers to the mean node count for each day and culture type. “% Total” refers to the percentage of nodes remaining each day after the first count occurring on Day 1. Thus, all Day 1 totals are 100%. Importantly, in Transwell experiments, the number of nodes formed did not differ between co-cultures of HUVEC and CD133/34 pos cells compared to those with only HUVEC in the bottom chambers. Direct cell-to-cell contact between HUVEC and CD133 pos does not appear to be required for augmentation to occur but involves released factor (see Figure 1-Transwell Nodes). Two pro-angiogenic factors that are released by UCB-derived cells were identified from the Luminex assay that may be key players in the augmentation of the angiogenic structures—IL-8 and RANTES. Other measured factors were not produced at levels over the sensitivity of the assay. Measured cytokine concentrations for IL-8 were 3332 ± 498 pg/mL for CB CD133/34 pos cells and 7257 ± 1562 pg/mL for CB MNC. RANTES concentrations were 695 ± 183 pg/mL for CB CD133/34 pos cells and 1310 ± 75 pg/mL for CB MNC. Results of these assays demonstrate that the formation of angiogenic structures in a co-culture assay with HUVEC and UCB-derived cells is augmented by the effector cells releasing key factors, including IL-8 and RANTES. Although the CD133/34 neg (MNC) population holds potential in its greater cytokines production and greater ability to augment HUVEC structure formation, selected CD133/34 pos cells, known to illicit less immune responses, provide a significant level of augmentation of HUVEC structures. Figure 1- Transwell Nodes Figure 1-. Transwell Nodes
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Park, Eunhwan, Sung-Min Lee, Dearyong Seo, Seonhoon Kim, Inho Kang und Seung-Hoon Na. „RINK: Reader-Inherited Evidence Reranker for Table-and-Text Open Domain Question Answering“. Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 37, Nr. 11 (26.06.2023): 13446–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v37i11.26577.
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Most approaches used in open-domain question answering on hybrid data that comprises both tabular-and-textual contents are based on a Retrieval-Reader pipeline in which the retrieval module finds relevant “heterogenous” evidence for a given question and the reader module generates an answer from the retrieved evidence. In this paper, we present a Retriever-Reranker-Reader framework by newly proposing a Reader-INherited evidence reranKer (RINK) where a reranker module is designed by finetuning the reader’s neural architecture based on a simple prompting method. Our underlying assumption of reusing the reader’s module for the reranker is that the reader’s ability to generating an answer from evidence contains the knowledge required for the reranking, because the reranker needs to “read” in-depth a question and evidences more carefully and elaborately than a baseline retriever. Furthermore, we present a simple and effective pretraining method by extensively deploying the commonly used data augmentation methods of cell corruption and cell reordering based on the pretraining tasks - tabular-and-textual entailment and cross-modal masked language modeling. Experimental results on OTT-QA, a large-scale table-and-text open-domain question answering dataset, show that the proposed RINK armed with our pretraining procedure makes improvements over the baseline reranking method and leads to state-of-the-art performance.
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Kaasa, T., L. Romundstad und A. Stubhaug. „Chronic pain after breast augmentation is associated with both signs of peripheral nerve injury and central nervous mechanisms“. Scandinavian Journal of Pain 3, Nr. 3 (01.07.2012): 195–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sjpain.2012.05.060.
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AbstractBackground/aimsThe mechanisms behind chronic postsurgical pain remains unsettled. Quantitative sensory testing and questioning sensory function may help understand mechanisms behind the transition from acute to chronic pain. The aim of this study was to assess these aspects in postsurgical patients with and without chronic postsurgical pain.Methods116 women, who answered a questionnaire in a four years follow-up study of pain, sensory changes and quality of life after cosmetic breast augmentation surgery [1], were invited to participate in a psychophysical study. Twenty women answered the request and filled in a questionnaire, and 12 of these women finally met for examination.ResultsSix of the 12 women had pain in the area of surgery, three were pain-free, but reported sensory changes and three reported no pain or sensory disturbances. We performed a detailed quantitative sensory examination, with a protocol adapted from Rollke et al. [2] While only 3/6 patients in the pain-free group reported hypoesthesia, an area of hypoesthesia to tactile-, heat- and cold stimuli was identified in all subjects when examined (Table 1).Table 1Number in each group (subjects with pain vs. subjects without pain) showing presence of sensory characteristics.Pain (N = 6)No pain (N = 6)QuestionnaireHypoesthesia53Hyperesthesia63ExaminationHypoesthesia (tactile, heat, cold)66Hypersensitivity detected41Hyperpathia to heat55Paradoxical heat sensation during cold stimulation40Allodynia, cotton00Allodynia, brush01Cold allodynia51Abnormal temporal summation51Deep pain after algometry40The most striking difference between the group reporting pain and the one not reporting pain was the presence of paradoxical heat sensation, cold allodynia, abnormal temporal summation, and the presence of deep pain during/after pressure pain threshold testing with the algometer in the group with pain.ConclusionSelf-reported sensory changes under-estimated sensory changes. Sensory testing revealed signs of peripheral nerve injury changes in all subjects, while signs of central nervous changes were found predominantly in patients with persistent pain.
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Hoyt, Benjamin W., Cory A. Riccio, Lance E. LeClere, Kelly G. Kilcoyne und Jonathan F. Dickens. „Arthroscopic Distal Tibial Allograft for Posterior Glenoid Reconstruction“. Video Journal of Sports Medicine 1, Nr. 4 (Juli 2021): 263502542110067. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/26350254211006727.
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Background: Posterior glenoid bone loss occurs in more than two-thirds of patients with posterior glenohumeral instability, with 14% to 22% having greater than subcritical bone loss (13.5%), a marker for potential need for bony augmentation versus soft tissue-only procedures. Several techniques are described to augment either the version or volume of the glenoid surface including osteotomies, autograft transfers, and allograft tibia transfers. Indications: Arthroscopic-assisted allograft distal tibia bone block augmentation to the posterior glenoid is indicated for revision posterior instability procedures with posterior bone loss and in primary cases of posterior instability with critical bone loss. Technique Description: Arthroscopic posterior glenoid reconstruction with allograft distal tibia and posterior labral repair in the lateral position is presented. This technique uses standard instrument sets and requires no patient repositioning. The preplanned tibial bone block is prepared on a back table either prior to, or concurrently with, arthroscopic procedure. After creation of high posterior portal and standard anterior portal, a sucker-shaver and burr are used to create a perpendicular edge for apposition of the allograft tibia. The bone block is introduced through a longitudinal incision and underdelivered to the prepared surface under the liberated labrum. The articular surface of the graft and glenoid are aligned and cannulated screws are used to compress the bone block against the native glenoid. The posterior labral tissue is then mobilized over the graft and repaired to the native glenoid. Results: Arthroscopic distal tibial allograft augmentation for posterior bone loss restored stability and function in a small cohort of patients. Patients reported improved stability in the immediate postoperative course, with restoration of motion by 2 months. Push-ups, pull-ups, and return to full active duty without restrictions is allowed at 6 months postoperatively. Imaging at 3 months postoperatively has shown excellent graft healing. Discussion: The benefits of allograft tibia augmentation for posterior instability with glenoid bone loss include an anatomic joint surface restoration including articular cartilage, lack of donor site morbidity, and a minimally invasive approach. When performed arthroscopically, this technique permits concurrent posterior labral repair and anatomic reconstruction.
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McFarlane, Jim, Bligh Grant, Boyd Blackwell und Stuart Mounter. „Combining amenity with experience“. Tourism Economics 23, Nr. 5 (21.09.2016): 1076–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1354816616665754.
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Industry and government bodies have recommended augmentation of traditional production and marketing techniques as ways of increasing an industry’s profitability. This article values the amenity of the wine industry, a sensory experience that provides an array of opportunities both culturally to the tourist and economically to many regions across the world. Using the wine industry in the Central West region of New South Wales, Australia, we use input–output analysis to assess the economic impacts of this industry and the amenity hidden within. The industry not only provides jobs and commerce supporting local prosperity but also supplies a mixed production and consumption amenity from an agricultural product that meets the tourist’s leisure desire – an amenity that transcends from its origin in the vineyard to its destination at the table.
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Mehl, Julian, Cameron Kia, Elifho Obopilwe, Mark Cote, Florian Imhoff, Alexander Otto, Robert A. Arciero, Knut Beitzel und Andreas B. Imhoff. „Posteromedial Ligament Repair of the Knee with Suture Tape Augmentation: A Biomechanical Comparison with Posteromedial Ligament Reconstruction“. Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 8, Nr. 5_suppl4 (01.05.2020): 2325967120S0029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967120s00298.
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Aims and Objectives: ACL ruptures combined with injuries of the superficial medial collateral ligament and posterior oblique ligament (= posteromedial ligament complex; PMC) are common. In acute cases with high-grade valgus and rotatory instability, primary repair of the PMC with suture tape augmentation may be a reasonable alternative to standard reconstruction techniques, in order to stabilize the knee and to protect the reconstructed ACL. The aim of the present study was to biomechanically examine the rotational and valgus stability, as well as the influence on ACL strain, following PMC repair with suture tape augmentation in comparison with posteromedial ligament reconstruction using tendon grafts. Materials and Methods: Ten cadaveric knee specimens were tested with the tibia fixed and the femur mobile on an X-Y-table. Each specimen was tested in four different conditions according to the state of the PMC: 1) native, 2) femoral avulsion, 3) repaired with suture tape augmentation, 4) reconstructed with tendon allografts. Valgus instability was tested with 40 N force applied in the lateral direction of the femur and rotational motion was tested with 5 N torque applied to the tibia. An optical 3D motion tracking system captured the valgus angle and the internal and external rotation. Additionally, the strain on the ACL during valgus stress was measured with a DVRT. Each condition was tested in 0°, 15°, 30°, 45° and 60° of knee flexion. Results: Femoral avulsion of the PMC led to a significant increase in valgus instability in all flexion angles and to a significant increase on ACL strain at 30° (Native 1.37 ± 2.33 vs. deficient 7.49 ± 7.00; p<0.001) and 45° (0.88 ± 1.66 vs. 2.82 ± 2.59; p<0.001) knee flexion. Additionally, a significant increase of internal rotation in 0° (p=0.018) and 30° (p=0.005) knee flexion and a significant increase of external rotation in 15° (p<0.001), 30° (p=0.016), 45° (p=0.006) and 60° (p=0.012) knee flexion was seen after dissection of the PMC. PMC repair with suture tape augmentation demonstrated similar valgus and rotational stability compared to intact specimens, with the exception of increased internal rotation at 30° (16.2 ± 6.3° vs. 19.3 ± 6.9°; p=0.005). PMC reconstruction with tendon grafts led to a significantly increased valgus opening at a 45° degree of knee flexion (7.5 ± 2.9° vs. 8.9 ± 2.1°; p=0.048) and significantly increased internal rotation at 30° (16.2 ± 6.3° vs. 20.1 ± 7.3°; p<0.001) compared to the native state. Direct comparison between both surgical techniques showed no significant differences. Conclusion: At time zero, ligament repair of the posteromedial knee with suture tape augmentation restored close to native valgus and rotatory stability, as well as native ACL strain for cases of complete PMC avulsion. Posteromedial ligament repair with suture tape augmentation may be a reasonable alternative to tendon reconstruction techniques in acute cases of combined posteromedial and ACL injuries with high-grade valgus and rotatory instability.
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Pradeepraju N, Pradeepraju N., Nagaraju D. Nagaraju D und Sudeep S. R. Sudeep S R. „Suitable Site Selections for Artificial Recharge Structure in Bandalli Watershed. Chamaraja Nagar District, Karnataka, India Using Remote Sensing, and GIS Techniques.“ Current World Environment 17, Nr. 3 (30.12.2022): 727–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/cwe.17.3.20.
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Bandalli watershed is characterized as an arid to semi-arid region with little access to water. Water is essential for all life forms for human consumption, agriculture and industry. Artificial groundwater recharge is a process by which the groundwater scrounges is reduced at a rate almighty the augmentation rate beneath natural replenishment conditions. The work aims to understand the groundwater scenario in distinction to the geological point of view as the geology of the area concerned is the primary control of groundwater recharge and potentiality. The study began with gathering and analyzing necessary data for creating water balance and determining the best techniques for artificial recharge. The best artificial recharge sites in the vicinity have been validated. The present investigation is to find and select ideal sites for future zones to create a new shape using GIS (Geographic Information System) software version 10.8. To estimate the appropriateness of the site for artificial recharge, the model incorporated numerous criteria, various parameters slope, Lu/Lc, stream order, soil aspect and hydrology. Artificial recharge planning was calculated using runoff availability, aquifer dimension, priority locations, and local water table conditions. Most areas are undulating to recommend recharge structures, which will help the water table and the agricultural sector to augment the water harvesting to improve the groundwater.
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Georgy, B., und W. Wong. „Percutaneous tissue debulking and cement augmentation for advanced malignant vertebral compression fractures“. Journal of Clinical Oncology 24, Nr. 18_suppl (20.06.2006): 9535. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2006.24.18_suppl.9535.
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9535 Background: Percutaneous cement injection procedures (eg vertebroplasty, kyphoplasty) are used successfully to palliate patients with painful osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (VCFs). When VCFs occur because of malignant lesions however, treatment can be challenging; often by the time symptoms occur, the tumor has extended into the epidural tissue and is associated with posterior cortical disruption. As a result, patients have a higher likelihood of cement extravasation outside the vertebral body, thought to be associated with increased complication risk. This study was to investigate clinical viability and effectiveness of a technique designed to improve control of bone cement placement over standard methods when treating patients with symptomatic VCFs caused by malignancy. Methods: All patients had intractable pain determined to be associated with VCFs caused by metastasized malignancy. The procedure involved using a plasma-mediated radiofrequency-based device to debulk tissue and etch a void within the affected vertebral body and then filling the void and adjacent interstices with bone cement to stabilize the vertebral body and relieve pain. Results: 28 patients (36 vertebral bodies) with various types of metastatic lesions were treated. No evidence of cement extravasation outside the vertebral boundary was detected in 34/36 (94%) cases, even in cases with severe posterior cortical compromise and prominent epidural involvement pre-operatively. In the 2 observed cases, cement extravasation was clinically inconsequential. All treated patients reported marked pain relief. No patients were prevented from continuing other oncologic treatments. Conclusions: Tissue removal to create a void before injecting bone cement into a vertebral body compromised by malignancy may reduce the complication rate observed when injecting cement. This technique may redirect cement away from the spinal canal, notably in cases with posterior cortical defect and epidural extension, while also improving interdigitation of cement and decreasing risk of metastatic embolization. The resulting palliation potentially improves functionality and quality of life during and does not appear to affect the effectiveness of continued oncologic treatment. [Table: see text]
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Waggett, Raines M., Caroline P. Hoch, Trevor D. Ottofaro, Daniel J. Scott und Christopher E. Gross. „Effect of Internal Bracing on Broström Operation Clinical Outcomes“. Foot & Ankle Orthopaedics 7, Nr. 4 (Oktober 2022): 2473011421S0099. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2473011421s00990.
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Category: Ankle; Other Introduction/Purpose: When patients fail conservative management for chronic lateral ankle instability, a Broström procedure is often recommended. The purpose of this study was to investigate the postoperative trends between Broström recipients who were and were not augmented with suture tape, while secondarily assessing the relationship between demographics and medical history with postoperative outcomes for those patients. Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of 125 patients treated with a modified Broström by a single fellowship-trained foot and ankle surgeon at an academic medical center between 2016 and 2020. Overall, 39 patients received suture tape augmentation, 95 underwent a primary Broström and 30 a revision, and 24 were operated on with a nanoscope. Various demographics, medical history, patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) (e.g., Foot and Ankle Outcome Score [FAOS], Foot and Ankle Ability Measure [FAAM]), and postoperative outcomes were collected. Average follow-up was 1.0 years (0.25-4.58). Results: There were no differences in any postoperative PROMs (i.e., FAOS, FAAM) between suture tape augmentation cohorts. Similarly, no difference existed in follow-up duration or complication rate. The only significant difference between cohorts pertained to the proportion of patients who underwent a reoperation specifically for incision and debridement (suture tape=71.4%, no suture tape=0.0%; p=.013). Furthermore, when analyzing the primary and revision Broström operation cohorts, there were no differences in any postoperative PROM, follow-up duration, or complication. Finally, when analyzing cohorts whose procedures did and did not use a nanoscope, there was no difference in any PROMs, complications, or reoperation rate, but follow-up duration was significantly longer for those whose procedures did not use a nanoscope (nanoscope=0.71 years, no nanoscope=1.13 years; p=.003). (Table 1) Conclusion: Neither suture tape augmentation or revision status was found to affect postoperative outcomes or PROMs for the Broström operation. However, unlike the control group, no patients who did not received suture tape augmentation underwent reoperation for deep infection, and these patients had a lower complication rate. The only variable that showed a difference in postoperative outcomes was whether a patient was concomitantly operated on with a nanoscope, in which their follow-up duration was reduced. Based on their overall predictiveness, preoperative PROMs may provide insight into clinical success following a Broström operation.
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Weissel, M. „Legal Augmentation of Iodine Content in Table Salt from 10 to 20 mg KI/kg: Documented Effects a Decade Later“. Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology & Diabetes 111, Nr. 04 (07.07.2003): 187–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2003-40461.
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MISHRA, AMBIKA PRASAD, ASHISH KUMAR DASH, NARAYAN PANDA, S. K. PATTANAYAK, MEENAKHI PRUSTY und SUMAN G. SAHU. „Management of sulphur for yield augmentation in rice (Oryza sativa) under rice fallow system“. Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 92, Nr. 10 (04.10.2022): 1186–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v92i10.117478.
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Sulphur (S) is ranked as 4th most essential nutrient after nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium which plays a vital role in crop production. Its uses have declined in recent years. S-deficiency in soils of Odisha has increased from 36% during 2008–09 to 44% in 2018–19. A field experiment was conducted at farmers’ field in Ankurda village, Goindia block of Dhenkanal district, for two years (2018–19 and 2019–20) in order to study the effect of different sources of sulphur in rice (Oryza sativa L.) (cv. Swarna Sub 1) under mid-central table land zone of Odisha. The experiment was conducted in RBD with 10 treatments and 3 replications. Four different sources of sulphur (SSP, calcium sulphate, elemental S0 and navaratna as (20-20-0-13) were used with two methods, viz. basal and top dressing to rice crop during rainy (kharif) season. A mixture source was formulated with (CaSO4 + SSP) @1:1 ratio which was applied as basal only. Among the sources of sulphur applied, highest biomass yield was recorded with spilt method of ES which followed the order as: ESo>mixture source>navaratna>SSP>gypsum. Due to S fertilization, the biomass yield increased by 16% over the control (T1). Spilt application of sulphur fertilizer exerted a beneficial effect on yield attributing character, higher grain and straw yield, nutrient uptake, sulphur use efficiency and sulphur harvest index, quality parameters and B:C ratio of Swarna Sub-1 in comparison to basal application of fertilizers during rainy (kharif) season.
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Greggio, Nicolas, Beatrice Giambastiani, Enrico Balugani, Chiara Amaini und Marco Antonellini. „High-Resolution Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) to Characterize the Spatial Extension of Freshwater Lenses in a Salinized Coastal Aquifer“. Water 10, Nr. 8 (10.08.2018): 1067. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w10081067.
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High-resolution electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) with electrode spacing of 1 m proved to be an effective methodology to characterize ephemeral, sparse, and discontinuous freshwater lenses within the almost completely salinized shallow aquifer of the low coastal zone near Ravenna. ERT profiles with a vertical resolution of 0.25–0.5 m, once calibrated with groundwater data (water table depth and electrical conductivity) collected in multi-level sampler systems at the same spatial resolution, are reliable and provide repeatable measurements in time. The ERT methodology allows for fast data acquisition over large areas and it also permits the study of the evolution in time of freshwater availability in coastal zones, which is important for local ecosystems and soil resources. This makes high-resolution ERT a valid tool to aid local stakeholders and decision makers to effectively manage freshwater lenses, and guarantee their preservation or augmentation by means of managed aquifer recharge.
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Kholinne, Erica, und In-Ho Jeon. „Superior Capsular Reconstruction with Mesh Augmentation: a Perspective from Bench to Bedside“. Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 7, Nr. 11_suppl6 (01.11.2019): 2325967119S0046. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967119s00460.
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Objectives: Superior capsular reconstruction (SCR) is an alternative to treat massive chronic rotator cuff tear with the premise to provide static restraint avoiding upward migration of the humeral head. However, graft tears and their impact on clinical function outcomes following SCR is still in contentious. We aimed to compare clinical and radiologic outcomes following arthroscopic SCR using fascia lata graft with or without mesh augmentation in massive chronic rotator cuff tear. Methods: There were 63 patients underwent SCR with fascia lata from 2014 to 2017. From 2013 to 2016, only fascia lata tendon was used, categorized as fascia lata only group (F). From 2016 to 2018, a mesh is added in the reconstructed capsule, categorized as mesh group (M). Mesh was fashioned inside the folded fascia lata graft for the purpose of structural augmentation. The final study population included 34 and 24 shoulders in group F and M, respectively. All patients were followed for a minimum of 3 months, with mean total follow-ups of 31.3 ± 8.2 and 11.45 ± 11.6 months in Group F and M, respectively. Average ages were 64.9 ± 8.7 and 65.1 ± 6.1 years in Group F and M, respectively. Assessment of both clinical and radiological outcome was conducted at the final follow up. The clinical outcome included ASES (American Shoulder Elbow Society) score and VAS (Visual Analogue Scale) score. The radiological outcome included the re-tear rate and AHD (Acromio-humeral distance). Results: Overall, all scores in ASES (40.8 to 78.4), VAS (6.2 to 3.0) and AHD were improved. Both groups showed improvement of clinical and radiological outcome. ASES score was improved from 54.43 ± 17.27 to 73.7 ± 13.8 for group F, and 48.13 ± 13.2 to 77.42 ± 12.04 for group M. VAS score was improved from 6 ± 1.13 to 2.5 ± 0.87 for group F, and 5.72 ± 1.07 to 2.4 ± 0.84. AHD was significantly superior in group M (9.08 ± 2.43 mm) compared to group F (6.36 ± 1.80 mm) at the final follow up. The re-tear rate was found higher at group F for 41.1% compared to group M for 16.6% (Table 2). There was no significant difference for both groups regarding demographic data (age, sex, preoperative VAS score, ASES score, ROM). Conclusion: The early graft tear rate for SCR was 41.4%. Mesh augmentation can reduce for more than half of the graft tear rate from 41.4% to 16.6% by providing structural support. In conclusion, SCR with mesh augmentation for massive rotator cuff tear showed better clinical outcome with a lower re-tear rate compared to conventional SCR with fascia lata only.
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Mizher, Rami, Jaeyoung Kim, Lavan Rajan, Chris Cychosz, Syian Srikumar und Scott J. Ellis. „The Efficacy of Simple Debridement Compared to Augmentation with Flexor Hallicus Longus Transfer for Surgical Treatment of Moderate to Severe Insertional Achilles Tendinopathy“. Foot & Ankle Orthopaedics 8, Nr. 1 (Januar 2023): 2473011423S0001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2473011423s00014.
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Category: Hindfoot; Sports Introduction/ Purpose: Insertional Achilles tendinopathy is a common condition with several treatment modalities encompassing conservative and operative strategies. Surgical treatment often includes debridement and reattachment of the tendon usually with ostectomy of impinging calcaneal bone spurs. Augmentation with a flexor hallicus longus (FHL) tendon transfer is performed to help provide extra strength to the degenerated tendon in more severe cases. Few studies have compared these procedures, and it is currently unclear whether simple debridement is effective for patients with advanced Achilles degeneration. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the efficacy of simple debridement compared to augmentation with FHL transfer for the surgical treatment of moderate to severe insertional Achilles tendinopathy. Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 57 patients who underwent surgical treatment of moderate to severe insertional Achilles tendinopathy as graded on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using a classification system described previously. Moderate tendinopathy was defined as tendon thickening greater than 8 mm with less than 50% degeneration while severe was defined by the same degree of thickening but greater than 50% degeneration. Thirty-one patients underwent Achilles tendon debridement and reattachment with or without calcaneal ostectomy and were classified into the “simple debridement” group (mean age: 57.6 years). Twenty-six patients had the same procedures with the addition of a FHL transfer and were classified into the “FHL transfer” group (mean age: 57.9 years). Preoperative, minimum 1-year postoperative, and preoperative to postoperative change in six domains of PROMIS scores were compared within and between groups. Clinical outcomes such as complications, recurrence, and reoperations were also compared. Results: There were no significant differences in demographics between groups. Preoperatively as well as postoperatively, there were no significant differences in PROMIS scores in any domain between groups (Table 1). Both groups demonstrated significant preoperative to postoperative improvements in PROMIS Physical Function, Pain Interference, Pain Intensity, and Global Physical Health (all P< .001). Only the FHL transfer group had significant improvements in Global Mental Health (P = 0.02). Conclusion: Our study found no significant differences in functional and pain-related outcomes between simple debridement and augmentation with FHL transfer for the treatment of moderate to severe insertional Achilles tendinopathy. These results suggest that simple debridement may also be effective in more advanced Achilles tendinopathy and may spare patients the need for FHL augmentation. However, our study is limited by its retrospective design and relatively small sample size. Thus, additional research including prospective long-term follow-up in more advanced tendinopathic stages is required to understand the true differences between the procedures.
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Avinash C K, Sachin H G, Goutham. D. V und Keshav Murthy D. „Flexor hallucis longus tendon transfer for Tendo Achillis reconstruction“. International Journal of Frontiers in Medicine and Surgery Research 5, Nr. 1 (30.03.2024): 001–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.53294/ijfmsr.2024.5.1.0084.
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Background: Tendo Achilles injuries are common in orthopaedic practice. Degenerative, Chronic and failed repaires requires some form of soft tissue sleeve augmentation like Flexor Hallucis longs (FHL), Peroneus Brevis (PB), Plantaris etc.. are used along with proximal Tendo Achilles advancement procedures lie V-Y plasty, musculo tendinous Recession or Turn Down Procedures. These advancement procedure leads to weakening of already compromised Tendon. So, wanted to evaluate functional outcome of FHL tendon Trans Tendinous Transfer without any Advancement procedures. Methods: 20 patients satisfying inclusion criteria underwent FHL Trans tendinous Transfer to Tendo Achilles which is secured with Interference screw into the prepared bone bed of calcaneum. Initially anterior slab in planter flexion was applied later converted to cast in neutral position which is removed at the end of 6 weeks and joint mobilization started. Results: Out of 20 patients,11 were male patients and 9 were females. Average age ranged from 22 to 65 years. 9 were chronic Tears,9 were Degenerative Tears and 2 were failed Repairs. Wound healing complications were seen in 4 cases, 1 with chronic tear, 1 with Degenerative Tear and Both Filed repairs, all of them healed eventually. ALL patients were assessed for AOFAS at 6th and 12thmonth. The mean AOFAS of each subgroup improved significantly from months 3 to 12 (Table). At the one-year follow-up, all patients achieved good functional outcome in terms of the AOFAS scoring system. Conclusions: Tendo Achilles is the common tendon injured in ankle region due to repetitive stress and degeneration. Degenerative, Chronic and failed repair injuries of Tendo Achilles requires some form of soft tissue augmentation for healing. Trans-Tendinous FHL tendon transfer for Tendo Achilles Reconstruction shows good results with minimal complications in these scenarios in non-Athletic Population.
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Miloudi, H., T. Bui, S. Fayolle, L. Gonzalez, B. Royer, A. Noel, F. Dufay und S. Amir. „Optimisation d’un protocole rochers au scanner“. Radioprotection 53, Nr. 1 (Januar 2018): 21–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/radiopro/2017040.
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Cette étude vise à optimiser le protocole des rochers d’un scanner Siemens Somatom Sensation 40. Ainsi, plusieurs acquisitions du fantôme Catphan 600 sont réalisées pour évaluer quantitativement la qualité d’image. Pour cela, l’écart type du nombre CT et la fonction de transfert de modulation (FTM) sont mesurés à partir des images acquises. La qualité d’image est également évaluée visuellement par le radiologue, à partir d’images issues de patients. Trois critères sont considérés : la visualisation du tympan, la visualisation des osselets et la texture du bruit. L’utilisation de la table plutôt que de la têtière comme support conduit à une augmentation moyenne du bruit de 10 %. L’évaluation qualitative des images issues de patients a permis quant à elle de réduire les mAs effectifs de 28 % et donc l’IDSV de 150,8 mGy à 109,1 mGy. De plus, l’utilisation d’un filtre plus dur a conduit à une amélioration de la visualisation des plus petites structures de l’oreille interne. Ainsi, cette étude a permis d’assurer une qualité d’image satisfaisante pour le diagnostic tout en réduisant la dose délivrée au patient de 28 %.
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Indira Sundaram und Srinivasa Raju Rallabandi. „Analytical Study of MHD Mixed Convection Flow for Maxwell Nanofluid Through a Vertical Cone with Porous Material in the Presence of Variable Thermal Conductivity and Soret, Dufour Effects“. Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences 106, Nr. 2 (18.07.2023): 129–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.37934/arfmts.106.2.129142.
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The key purpose of the existing article is to discuss the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) mixed convection flow for Maxwell nanofluid is deliberated a vertical cone with porous material. A variable thermal conductivity and Dufour, Soret effects are also taken into consideration. The modeled equations are transformed into a set of non-linear ODEs by employing similar transformable variables. These equations are then solved numerically using the shooting method, through the fourth-order Runge–Kutta integration procedure. Effects of some prominent physical parameters, such as diffusion thermo, Prandtl number, thermophoresis parameter, and magnetic parameter on the velocity, temperature, and concentration profiles are discussed graphically and numerically. The main outcomes of this investigation are that Velocity slows down with augmentation in Maxwell and magnetic parameters. Temperature increases with radiation and thermophoresis parameters and reduces with growing values of Prandtl number and Brownian motion parameters. The values of skin-friction coefficient, Nusselt number coefficient and Sherwood number coefficient are presented in table. A comparison with previously reported data is made and an excellent agreement is noted.
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Lu, Wenhao, Di Liu, Zijun Cai, Linyuan Pan, Wenqing Xie, Hongfu Jin, Xu Liu, Yusheng Li und Wenfeng Xiao. „Internal brace augmentation reconstruction versus standard anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a randomised controlled clinical trial study protocol“. BMJ Open 13, Nr. 12 (Dezember 2023): e065254. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2022-065254.
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IntroductionAnterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture is one of the most common knee injuries in sports, and the gold standard for treating ACL rupture is tendon graft reconstruction. Internal brace technology is being used nowadays for ligament repair; however, more relevant in vivo clinical evidence is required for using internal brace technology in ACL reconstruction (ACLR). We conducted a randomised controlled trial to investigate the clinical efficacy of internal brace technology in ACLR.Methods and analysisThis randomised, parallel-controlled trial included patients with ACL rupture who underwent inpatient surgery at the Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University. Random number table method was used to assign the participants to either the test or the control group. The test group underwent ACLR using the internal brace technique, whereas the control group underwent standard ACLR. Uniform postoperative rehabilitation protocol was used for both the groups. Patient-reported outcomes included preoperative baseline and postoperative recovery at 1, 3, 6, 12 and 24 months. The primary outcome was International Knee Documentation Committee function from baseline (ACL rupture) to 6 months postoperatively. Secondary outcomes included (1) other patient outcome reporting metrics, Lysholm knee score, Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score and Visual Analog Scale; (2) the use of Kneelax3 knee stabiliser to assess knee stability; (3) occurrence of adverse events, such as graft refraction or symptomatic instability, postoperative infection and contralateral injury and (4) magnetic resonance images at 12 and 24 months after ACLR.Ethics and disseminationThis trial was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of the Xiangya Hospital of Central South University on 26 October 2021. Data will be published in peer-reviewed journals and presented at national and international conferences.Trial registration numberChiCTR2200057526.