Dissertationen zum Thema „Systèmes d'identification par radiofréquence – Efficacité“
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Mughal, Aiman. „Statistical analysis of the coupling effects between tags in the RFID links“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Gustave Eiffel, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UEFL2002.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDifferent empirical studies show that the effect of mutual coupling and the random position and orientation of tag antennas in a reduced volume result in a degradation of key performance indicators of an RFID system such as the read-range and the read-rate. This thesis takes part in the performance analysis of such an RFID system by exploring the physical phenomena behind the degradation and by introducing statistical techniques into investigations. Prior to the group behaviour investigations, the sensitivity and the impedance of two RFID chips (Higgs-3 and Higgs-9) have been measured. Two RFID tags have been used, a commercial one (ALN-9662) associated with the Higgs-3 chip and a home-made tag, which has been fabricated in laboratory to match the Higgs-9 chip. The read range of both tags has measured along with their antenna impedance. The measurement results have been confronted to electromagnetic simulations. In order to study various cases involving randomly positioned tags, an electromagnetic model and simulation tools (HFSS and NEC) have been used and the conclusions are based on their results while cross-validated in a few cases by measurements. To simplify any further, the RFID tags are modelled by a set of half-wave dipoles, with and without T-match, and the reader is replaced by a plane wave. The objective is to confront the behaviour of a single isolated tag to that of the same tag while surrounded by other tags and to conclude on the impact of the antenna type, the density of tags, the terminating load and the wave polarisation on the output under observation. The RFID link is studied through its forward and reverse links and by using a conventional grid model for tags including coupling. A thorough power budget analysis is conducted and the absorbed power at the level of the loads (chips) and the reradiated power at the level of the antennas are assessed. Regarding the forward link, the ratio of the absorbed power by the chip of a surrounded tag to that of an isolated tag is called normalised absorbed power and constitutes a useful tool to estimate the percentage of inactivated tags in the set. Regarding the reverse link, the Radar Cross Section (RCS) of loaded antennas with short-circuit and matched loads have been studied. The differential RCS of the isolated tag and that of the surrounded one has also been evaluated and the impact of coupling on the backscattered power have been studied. As in a high-density random context, predicting the system performances in a realistic way with a deterministic approach is impossible, several configurations of randomly positioned and oriented tags and dipoles have been simulated and the conclusions are drawn using statistical analysis. In other words, at the end of this study, the performance degradation of a particular tag in a given configuration of surrounding tags needs to be evaluated individually but the statistical moments as well as cumulative distribution functions allow to predict the behaviour of a population tags under given conditions. This thesis helps the RFID designer to assess the performance of an RFID scenario and eventually adjust some input parameters such as the density of tags in order to attain the desired objectives
Bergeret, Emmanuel. „Récupération d'énergie pour système RFID [Système d'identification par radiofréquence]“. Aix-Marseille 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007AIX11063.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePouzin, Audrey. „Qualification d'éléments RFID en environnement opérationnel“. Grenoble INPG, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009INPG0150.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe development of RFID technology is conditioned by the definition and validation of a number of standards and norms accepted by ail users. Ln this context, the thesis aims to enable the characterization of passive UHF RFID systems, whether in terms of regulations or real performances observed in operational environment. A first step was to identify the most relevant parameters to measure on the reader and the tag. Then, test procedures have been studied and specifie researches have been conduced in order to make the measurements reproducible and compatible with industrial needs. Thus the number of parameters to be measured has been minimized and the measurement procedure has been optimized. Series of measurements were made on different kind of readers and tags, in free space and in disturbed environments
Faugeras, Isabelle. „Couplage inductif multi-antennes : application au transfert d'énergie et d'informations pour un dispositif d'identification radiofréquence“. Lille 1, 1999. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/1999/50376-1999-283.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleRoudet, Fabrice. „Communication radiofréquence à très basse consommation d'énergie dans un environnement hautement perturbé“. Grenoble INPG, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008INPG0090.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAissat, Hakim. „Conception et réalisation d'une antenne à commutation de polarisation, en vue d'applications à l'identification par fréquence radio“. Université de Marne-la-Vallée, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006MARN0285.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBarbu, Stefan. „Conception et réalisation d'un système de métrologie RF pour les systèmes d'identification sans contact à 13,56 MHz“. Université de Marne-la-Vallée, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005MARN0219.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe 13. 56 MHz "Contactless" systems become more and more efficient in terms of speed, memory capacity, security, etc. New research axes deal with these aspects, imposing a complete control of the physical layer, thus a thorough knowledge of the RF part. With the diversification of the consumer electronics products and the arrival of new standards such as the NFC, more and more electronic systems become equipped with a 13. 56 MHz "contactless" interface. In order to maximise the integration capacity and to control the interaction between the "RFID" part and the rest of the system, we need to control the RF parameters. The boom of "contactless" applications, such as access control, ticketing, electronic passports and visas, ID cards, for mentioning only the most widespread, imply large production volumes. From an industrial point of view, the thorough knowledge of the RF part is essential, not only for optimising manufacturing costs, but also for treating the field return. The current standardisation context provides a minimum of elements for assuring the good functioning of the "contactless" systems. In this case, the interoperability cannot be assured. Moreover, respecting a gauge does not allow an expert appraisal of the system functioning, the problems encountered in production and in field not being diagnosed in a precise manner. The subject of the present thesis is the design and the development of a metrology system for the 13. 56 MHz "contactless" systems' RF part. We have proposed ourselves to establish a methodology and some tools allowing to characterise the RF behaviour of inductive-coupling RFID system, and particularly contactless smartcards. The personal contribution can be synthesized through three approaches : 1. Exhaustive – thorough analysis of the system and its functioning 2. Curative – solving the functioning problems 3. Preventive – design and simulation The functioning problematic is analysed, emphasising most of the frequently encountered problems with the RF part of the "contactless" systems. To the problem-solving oriented work we added a component linked to the design of such devices
Mazeyrat, Johan. „Capteur de pression RFID pour le suivi des anévrismes de l'aorte abdominale“. Paris 6, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA066801.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLevieil, Eric. „Contributions à l'étude cryptographique de protocoles et de primitives à clé secrète“. Paris 7, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA077077.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis presents four subjects in cryptography. The first one is an improvement of the BKW algorithm, which is used to solve the Learning from Parity with Noise problem. The second one is the extension to arbitrary Abelian groups of cryptanalysis methods invented in characteristic 2. We apply the results to create a secure block cipher for sequences of decimal ciphers. Then we solve the problem of multiparty computation in two particular cases; the first one could be used when the bandwith is limited, and the second one deals with rational players. We propose an efficient protocol for solving the problem of rational secret sharing for two players
Cabanes, Guénaël. „Classification non supervise à deux niveaux guidée par le voisinage et la densité“. Paris 13, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA132024.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe research outlined in this thesis concerns the development of approaches based on self-organizing maps (SOM) for the discovery and the monitoring of class structures in the data through unsupervised learning. We propose a simultaneously two levels clustering method. This method is based on the estimate, from the data, of connectivity and density values of the SOM's prototypes. The number of clusters is detected automatically. Moreover, the complexity is linear with the number of data. We show that it is relatively simple and efficient to adapt these algorithms to variants of the SOM in order to obtain a versatile method capable of analyzing different data types. We also propose an improvement of the quality of the SOM using the connectivity values during the learning of the prototypes. We describe a new method of condensed description of the data distribution and a heuristic measure of similarity between these models. These algorithms are based on an estimate of the underlying density for learning a modified SOM. In addition, we combine the clustering algorithm to measure similarity between distributions for the analysis of evolutionary data, and we propose an algorithm for monitoring data stream. Finally, we present two applications for tracking individuals in a RFID device. The first application is a study of the behavior of a colony of ants while moving. The second application, require tracking of customers in a store
Quignon, Jérémy. „Chargement sans fil par NFC“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022AIXM0462.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe PHD context is focused on the NFC market and its extension allowing wireless charging. This new functionality allows to charge wearable products that cannot be charged with the wireless charging technologies available on the market today. The PHD objective is to develop a solution for these wearable products, such as connected watches and bracelets, wireless headphones, connected glasses, ... This solution must satisfy NFC standards while seeking to optimize the performance of power transfer
Cea, Ramirez Aldo Alexis. „Contribution à la modélisation et à la gestion des interactions produit-processus dans la chaîne logistique par l'approche produits communicants“. Nancy 1, 2006. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00139831.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleNowadays, in the manufacturing field, it's necessary to manage, in real-time, the information related to the interactions between products, processes and customers along the product lifecycle. These requirements generate the communicating object concept (Smart abject), which represents a physical product equipped with memory, perception, communication, and action and decision capabilities in order to interact in its physical environment. Thus, a product with these new capabililies will be able to interact with other physical or informational entities and to bring significant transformations in the supply chain management. The work presented in this thesis aims to analyze and contribute to the implementation of the communicating object concept in the supply chain. The proposed approach considers a product as a service provider or a service requester. The proposed methodology is based on the ambient services architecture concept in order to manage product's services in an automatic and ubiquitous way. We have chosen the UPnP technology (Universal Plug and Play) to manage the services of the communicating objects. In our approach, the direct communication with the products is supported by means of the automatic identification of the products (RFID Technology). We have used UML (Unified Modelling Language) with the aim to model the interactions and the services associated with the physical products. Finally, we have created laboratory prototypes to validate the feasibility of our methodological proposition in order to manage the supply chain based on services interactions of communicating objects
Iliev, Plamen. „Méthode de conception et optimisation d'antennes pour étiquettes RFID multi-standards“. Nice, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009NICE4065.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleRFID is a technology known for the possibilities it offers for people, animal and object identification. This technology allows a fast, effective and cost-efficient identification process thanks to its various standards and functioning types. In an RFID system, the tag design and the optimization of its antenna are key reliability factors. This study puts forward an explanation of the different RFID tags as well as the techniques used to optimize their antennas. In this study, we look closely at the different types of electromagnetic fields concerned and define the corresponding types of antenna. We also analyze the influence of environmental factors such as the manufacturing materials, and propose different suitable antenna structures. Finally we study, through different models, the possibility to create multistandard tags by mastering the coupling of their antennas. The different parameters of RFID tags conception are therefore specified and controlled
Carrez, Frédéric. „Contribution à l'étude des transpondeurs intégrés en structure multicouche : application aux communications et à l'identification microondes“. Lille 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LIL10168.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLe choix du reseau s'effectue en fonction de l'application dans laquelle le transpondeur est utilise. Pour effectuer la transmission de donnees entre la borne interrogatrice et le transpondeur, nous avons realise un circuit effectuant alternativement les operations de demodulation et de modulation. L'originalite du circuit consiste en l'utilisation d'un unique transistor a effet de champ polarise froid pour realiser ces deux operations. Ceci garantit un faible cout et une faible consommation du transpondeur. Cette derniere caracteristique nous a amene a etudier la faisabilite de la tele-alimentation du transpondeur par faisceau micro-ondes pour des applications specifiques. Nous avons ainsi abouti a des antennes actives originales dont la simplicite garantit une bonne fiabilite. Des solutions sont egalement proposees afin d'etendre le champ d'application de ce systeme
Kubicki, Sébastien. „Contribution à la prise en considération du contexte dans la conception de tables interactives sous l'angle de l'IHM : application à des contextes impliquant table interactive RFID et objets tangibles“. Valenciennes, 2011. http://ged.univ-valenciennes.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/31b1e9e7-6f19-46ca-b546-5c5c5f816bf7.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis contributes to the Human-Computer Interaction domain. It aims to take into account the context of use for the interactive tables. By the concept of interactive table, one can suppose a collaborative and co-localized workspace allowing several users to work at the same time but also new interactions mixing tangible and/or virtual objects. That is due to these observations and to the interest granted to these new platforms that we proposed to characterize and to list them by using a model that we proposed. The context is a concept used for a long time in the interactive applications design. Research in HCI brought many elements making it possible to define and to qualify it thoroughly. Our proposal aims so to take into account the context for the interactive tables. For that, we initially modeled the context such as it can be defined in the literature. Then we increased this model in order to adapt it to the use of the interactive tables. A set of formalisms making it possible to define the context for the interactive tables are also presented, those bring up us to propose an adaptation system to the context then a set of adaptation rules. We carry out the adaptation to the context by using the TangiSense interactive table. For that we use, and implement our suggested adaptation rules in order to allow the TangiSense interactive table to adapt itself according to the context. In order to evaluate the whole of the elements proposed in this thesis, two studies were conducted: the first one in laboratory, the second one in a natural environment in nursery school. A set of research prospects finishes the report
Guidi, Francesco. „Study of Ultra Wide Band Modulated Backscattering Based RFID Systems“. Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 2013. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00848627.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn the recent years, the idea of the Internet of Things, that is a pervasive presence of electronics devices embedded in every-day objects, is facing a rapid adoption and will create a new era in the Internet scenario. Among all the technologies, radio frequency identification (RFID) seems one of the most promising. In addition, when tag cost, size and power consumption become stringent requirements, (semi-) passive solutions based on the modulation of the backscatter signal represent a good choice. Thus, this work was developed with the intent to study UWB RFID systems based on the modulation of the backscattered signal considering different related issues. The European Project SELECT gave the motivation to investigate the combination of UWB and RFID technologies, which are expected together to overcome many limitations of current narrowband RFID devices. The consciousness that, before the design of proper system architectures for backscatter communication, it was fundamental to understand the basic EM mechanisms underlying the interaction between readers and tags, was reflected in a wide investigation ranging from EM characterization of backscatter links to the definition and design of signal structures and transmission schemes. This dual need motivated a joint french-italian agreement between two laboratories for the supervision of the thesis. In particular, in the course of the work carried out in France, the analysis of the tag backscattering has been analyzed in several ways, both in ideal and real conditions. The results and competences were then exploited in Italy, in order to study an architecture able to ensure a reliable communication between reader and tag
Calenzo, Patrick. „Développement de nouvelles architectures mémoires non volatiles bas coût et basse consommation“. Aix-Marseille 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009AIX11051.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe objectives of this thesis are to conceive and to develop non volatile memories with floating gate which are low cost, low voltage consumption and compatible with a CMOS standard logic process. In order to be carried out, a state of the art has put forth the cells which are “high-achieving” in this technology. This has permitted to see the qualities and the defects of the cells and enabled to target the main points which need careful consideration. From this onwards, a calibration methodology, usable for any semi conductor device, has been developed. This methodology was put into practice on an EEPROM cell, which served as the foundations for the development of the memory cells, throughout this paper. Furthermore, a single poly silicon double implant memory cell has been studied. This cell has been developed from its operating concept to its electric validation on silicon. The manufacturing process suggested gave way to a single poly-silicon memory cell in a CMOS logic technology. In addition, the cell consumption is in perfect accordance with the low voltage consumption criteria. Finally, this cell is interesting in regards to its size which is only 1,1 μm² in a technology of 0,13 μm. This makes it the smallest existing cell for this particular type of memory. In parallel to this work, another single poly silicon cell, which exists in two different versions, has been suggested. These cells have the particularity to be created in a shallow trench isolation. This reinforces the idea of low cost because the surface of the unit cell can be reduced but at the same time remains compatible with a CMOS standard logic process. All the basics needed to create this cell have been validated electrically and give way to encouraging energy consumption results. The outlook for this work would be to improve the two developed concepts in order to have them industrialized
Fouladgar, Sépideh. „Protocoles de protection de la vie privée pour les systèmes RFID“. Evry, Institut national des télécommunications, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008TELE0013.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSalimy, Siamak. „Développement, intégration et modélisation de composants passifs intégrés en couches minces dans une filière CMOS“. Nantes, 2010. http://archive.bu.univ-nantes.fr/pollux/show.action?id=20bf03cd-b6fe-4f96-bb0f-365e5de32250.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn this thesis we present the development of a high density integrated passive technology. The aim is to integrate thin film passive components in the Back End of Line of an industrial CMOS technology by introducing limited additional steps. We propose to report all the electrical performance constraints of the components on the materials characteristics. The tree main steps to develop the integrated passives in O. 5µ-CMOS technology are presented. The first level of our study is focused closer to the material, and is applied in the case of MIM capacitors. The electrical characterization of TixTayO dielectrics thin film is performed from MOS capacitors to validate the material electrical performances before starting its process integration to realize the MIM capacitors. Secondly, the interface between the material and the component is studied. Based on the thin film resistors, we propose an integration schema for TiNxOy resistive thin film in the metallization layers of the CMOS technology. The electrical characteristics of the resistors are measured and validated via experiments. The last step of the study is focused on the integrated component level and its electrical modeling a new scalable, physical and analytical enhanced simple-П model of spiral inductors in CMOS technology is proposed. The entire model elements are determined under quasi-static approximations to obtain a fully scalable model from the geometrical and technological properties of the inductors. In this thesis, the bases for the development of integrated passive component in a CMOS technology are presented
Chaxel, Frédéric. „Contribution à la gestion et à la conduite des systèmes manufacturiers par les objets nomades de production“. Nancy 1, 1995. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/SCD_T_1995_0341_CHAXEL.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLe, Moniès de Sagazan Camille. „Un système de types étiquetés polymorphes pour typer les calculs de processus à liaison noms-canaux dynamiques“. Toulouse 3, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995TOU30269.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleTounsi, Wiem. „Security and Privacy Controls in RFID Systems Applied to EPCglobal Networks“. Télécom Bretagne, 2014. http://www.telecom-bretagne.eu/publications/publication.php?idpublication=14167.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleRadio Frequency IDentification (RFID) provides a way to automate identification and to store information in individual RFID tags. These tags can be attached or embedded in an item to be identified and are read when they enter a RFID reader's antenna field. The Electronic Product Code (EPC) Class 1 Generation 2 (Gen2 for short) is a proper example of passive RFID technology. It represents the key component of an RFID architecture named EPCglobal network. However, if the tag carries more than just an identifier, the privacy of the tag holder may be violated. In this thesis, we deal with privacy issues in two levels of the EPCglobal network to only let authorized entities access private data. Our goal is to ensure that the data exchange from RFID tags to middleware and enterprise applications guarantees the privacy requirements, in environments where privacy control is paramount, e. G. , home healthcare monitoring systems. The first part of this dissertation is dedicated to securing data exchange between RFID readers and passive tags. We provide a key establishment and derivation protocol for Gen2 systems, called KEDGEN2, to handle the flawed security model of the Gen2 tag memory access. KEDGEN2 achieves secure data exchange, based on a key generation model adapted to Gen2 tags. To prove the security of our model, we specify the protocol using the High Level Protocol Specification Language (HLPSL) and verify the expected security properties, using the Constraint-Logic based Attack Searcher (CL-AtSe) model checking tool. The current version of the protocol guarantees mutual authentication of participants and forward secrecy of the keys in the presence of active adversaries. It also guarantees backward secrecy with active adversaries bounded by limited communication range, which is consistent with typical RFID environments. As for derived keys, we propose adapting the Solitaire cipher, as a Pseudo-random Number Generator. To complement our approach, an additional filter is added and described in the second part of this dissertation. We focus on the collection of tag information through the RFID middleware component. The middleware is a central point that sits between RFID readers and database applications. It is in charge of collecting, filtering and aggregating the requested events from heterogeneous RFID environments. Thus, the system at this point is likely to suffer from parameter manipulation and eavesdropping, raising privacy concerns. We propose a privacy-enhanced approach as a part of the RFID middleware of the EPCglobal network, which does not interfere with the standard interface. Our approach is policy driven using some enhanced contextual concepts of the extended Role Based Access Control model. We use specifically, the PrivOrBAC privacy-aware model to store and manage privacy preferences, taking the declared purpose, the accuracy and the explicit consent, as privacy requirements. To show the feasibility of our approach, we provide a proof-of-concept prototype that we apply to the Fosstrak plateform, an open-source implementation of the EPCglobal specifications
Katamba, Paulin Ilunga. „Technologie RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) : concepts et stratégie de mise en oeuvre“. Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24271/24271.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBouhamane, Mohamed. „Étude d'un récepteur radio fréquence pour la télévision numérique terrestre : implémentation des blocs critiques“. Nantes, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009NANT2007.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis discusses the contribution to the implementation of a fully integrated DVB-T tuner for multi-standards applications. In order to predict the tuner performance, the architecture has been validated using a theoretical model. The critical blocks of this architecture have been identified and designed on silicon. The system studies have yielded two important conclusions : Integrate the RF selectivity. Design a Harmonic Rejection Mixer. The system based on the LC tracking filter combined with the DC-DC converter is an excellent choice in terrestrial TV reception because of its performance in terms of selectivity and power consumption. Despite its expensive nature, this solution offers performances that are comparable to those of a conventional tuner. The harmonic rejection mixer is a main asset of the chosen architecture and enables the reduction of the constraints in terms of RF harmonic filtering
Bruchon, Nicolas. „Evaluation, validation et design de cellules hybrides CMOS-technologie non-volatile émergente pour une architecture reconfigurable à grain fin“. Montpellier 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007MON20233.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleOn a very competitive marketplace, time to market of electronic and microelectronic chips is a critical point. Using FPGAs instead of ASICs avoid place and route, layout, mask confection and foundry steps but power consumption and area performances are not optimized. The aim here is to propose an FPGA ciruit featuring non volatile configuration memory. Different emerging non volatile memories and their compatibility with classical CMOS circuits are presented. Integration of these technologies in a programmable architecture context is discussed. A standard structure (RSRAM) is proposed to convert information from their physical into electrical form. This RSRAM is derived under different forms adapted to the writing circuits of the different non volatile memory technologies. This structure provides the circuit with dynamical and sadowed reconfiguration capabilities. An FPGA with magnetic non volatile configuration memory is proposed. This circuit has been simulated and will soon be characterized
Soos, Mate. „Protocoles de protection de la vie privée et de sécurité pour les RFIDs“. Grenoble INPG, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009INPG0068.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleRFID tags are small electronic devices that will be put on almost every item sold. Since RFIDs are so small, they can only use extremely lightweight security protocols, offering a unique challenge to researchers. Security protocols for RFIDs have been in the forefront of academic research in the past years. This thesis outlines what RFIDs are, and describes and analyses multiple RFID security solutions. We present the state of the art in the field of RFIDs, next, we iIIustrate and analyse the Di Pietro-Molva private RFID authentication protocol, detailing its shortcomings and insecurities. Then, we describe the privacy-preserving RFID identification protocol ProblP and analyse its security. An improved version of ProblP. EProbIP, is also presented, which counters the insecurities found in original protocol. Finally, we describe how low hardware-complexity stream ciphers could be used in RFIDs and analyse such ciphers using a SAT sol ver which we improved for this purpose
Etrog, Jonathan. „Cryptanalyse linéaire et conception de protocoles d'authentification à sécurité prouvée“. Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010VERS0025.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis Ph. D, devoted to symmetric cryptography, addresses two separate aspects of cryptology. First, the protection of messages using encryption algorithms and, second, the protection of privacy through authentication protocols. The first part concerns the study of linear cryptanalysis while the second is devoted to the design of authentication protocols with proven security. Although introduced in the early 90s, linear cryptanalysis has recently experienced a revival due to the development of new variants. We are both interested in its practical and theoretical aspects. First, we present a cryptanalysis of a reduced version of SMS4, the encryption algorithm used in WiFi in China then, second, we introduce multilinear cryptanalysis and describe a new form of multilinear cryptanalysis. The second part of the thesis concerns the study of RFID authentication protocols respecting privacy. We define a model to formalize the notions of security for these protocols. Then we propose two protocols, each one performing a compromise between strong unlinkability and resistance to denial of service attacks, which allow low-cost implementations. We establish security proofs in the standard model for these two protocols
Queste, Mathieu. „Synthèse de semi-conducteurs de type pérylène pour application en électronique organique“. Reims, 2010. http://theses.univ-reims.fr/sciences/2010REIMS024.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis study focuses on organic semiconductors based on perylene derivatives for electronic applications, especially in the fabrication of organic field effect transistors (OFETs). The main objective is the synthesis of perylene based molecules, taking advantage of its specificities, and their electrical characterization through the realization of test transistors. First, various perylene derivative architectures were achieved by direct reaction from the tetracarboxylic dianhydride acid pérylène or with by direct functionalization of the core. Then, using electrochemical technics, we determined the energy levels of our molecules. The knowledge of these levels is essential for therealization of high performance transistors. Finally, test transistors were fabricated using some perylene based semiconductors, and their output current/voltage characteristics were measured in order to evaluate the molecule electrical dehavior
Nasri, Nejah. „Étude, simulation et caractérisation électronique et protocolaire de modules RFID dédiés à une communication en milieu aquatique“. Toulouse 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010TOU20093.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe originality of our study concerns the proposal, simulation, and characterization of an identification system using the acoustic medium. Overall, the expected work is to develop an RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) communication platform whose physical layer and protocol will be adapted to a transmission in aquatic environments. The application areas are rich and multi domains, both at sea level (detection and monitoring of pollution, underwater animals) and public (intelligent monitoring)
Mbacke, Abdoul Aziz. „Collecte et remontée multi-sauts de données issues de lecteurs RFID pour la surveillance d'infrastructures urbaines“. Thesis, Lille 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LIL1I052/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe strong urbanization witnessed by the world requires better management of cities. This improved management involves the monitoring and maintenance of urban infrastructure and equipment to ensure greater safety and well-being for residents. A key role has therefore been given to ICTs through the concepts of IoT and Smart Cities. This thesis is positioned in this context and proposes the Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) in addition to the techniques already in use. The adoption of large-scale RFID for urban centers, however, needs to address two main issues: reading collisions and data collection and reporting. Through the work carried out in this thesis, we first sought to identify the solutions already proposed in the literature to reduce collisions. Based on this study, we proposed two distributed anti-collision algorithms DEFAR and CORA. They ensure a high read throughput by maintaining a low collapse rate and latency compared to literature solutions. Subsequently, we proposed DACAR, a distributed algorithm for collecting data from RFID readers in a multi-hop manner. It adapts according to the anti-collision protocol used and the position of deployed drives to provide a reliable packet delivery ratio and low end-to-end delay. An improved version is later proposed for the prioritization of data and to offer more suitable different paths using a combination of different parameters through fuzzy logic
Ragad, Hedi. „Etude et conception de nouvelles topologies d’antennes à résonateur diélectrique dans les bandes UHF et SHF“. Nantes, 2013. http://archive.bu.univ-nantes.fr/pollux/show.action?id=dbef930c-a344-473d-af02-0038c8fcda98.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis proposes the study and design of new topologies of dielectrics resonators antennas in the UHF and SHF bands. The first part is devoted to the state of the art and to the fundamental characteristics of these antennas. The second part is focused on the design of new types of antennas from the canonical shapes in order to expand their bandwidth for multi-standard applications without changing the distribution of their radiation pattern in free space. Then our interest is focused on the realization of multiband antennas. The first structure is based on the excitation of two modes of a rectangular dielectric resonator antenna, at two different frequencies. The second one is a dielectric resonator antenna (DRAs) with two concentric resonators with different permittivities. They are excited each one on its fundamental mode to obtain a bi-band behavior. In the last part of the study, we are interested in the design of miniature DRAs for UHF RFID applications. We use in this case, materials with high permittivity and we place a layer of metamaterial over the resonator to improve the gain
Rekik, Yacine. „The Impact of the RFID Technology in Improving Performance of Inventory Systems subject to Inaccuracies“. Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale Paris, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00222915.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleElkhiyaoui, Kaoutar. „Sécurité et protection de la vie privée dans les systèmes RFID“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, ENST, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012ENST0040.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleWhile RFID systems are one of the key enablers helping the prototype of pervasive computer applications, the deployment of RFID technologies also comes with new privacy and security concerns ranging from people tracking and industrial espionage to produ ct cloning and denial of service. Cryptographic solutions to tackle these issues were in general challenged by the limited resources of RFID tags, and by the formalizations of RFID privacy that are believed to be too strong for such constrained devices. It follows that most of the existing RFID-based cryptographic schemes failed at ensuring tag privacy without sacrificing RFID scalability or RFID cost effectiveness. In this thesis, we therefore relax the existing definitions of tag privacy to bridge the gap between RFID privacy in theory and RFID privacy in practice, by assuming that an adversary cannot continuously monitor tags. Under this assumption, we are able to design sec ure and privacy preserving multi-party protocols for RFID-enabled supply chains. Namely, we propose a protocol for tag ownership transfer that features constant-time authentication while tags are only required to compute hash functions. Then, we tackle the problem of product genuineness verification by introducing two protocols for product tracking in the supply chain that rely on storage only tags. Finally, we present a solution for item matching that uses storage only tags and aims at the automation of safety inspections in the supply chain.The protocols presented in this manuscript rely on operations performed in subgroups of elliptic curves that allow for the construction of short encryptions and signatures, resulting in minimal storage requirements for RFID tags. Moreover, the privacy and the security of these protocols are proven under well defined formal models that take into account the computational limitations of RFID technology and the stringent privacy and security requirements of each targeted supply chain application
Farhat, Azarshid. „Approches probabilistes de l'étiquetage automatique de la parole“. Toulouse 3, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993TOU30259.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleCoisel, Iwen. „Authentification et Anonymat à Bas-coût : Modélisations et Protocoles“. Caen, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009CAEN2041.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn our daily life, security of many applications are based on cryptographic mechanisms. In some of them, privacy issues are a major concern. For example in internet context, a user expects the service provider not to divulgate his identity. In this thesis, I first give a formal definition of zero-knowledge proofs of knowledge (ZKPK), very useful for designing digital signatures. I prove the security of a generic construction of proofs of knowledge of discrete logarithm relations set. Then, I present state of the art of different signature schemes ensuring users' anonymity. Afterwards I adapt these protocols to the cooperative set-up, in which an intermediary helps the user perform some computations during the protocol. I also define a formal security model which is robust against corruption of the intermediary, while improving protocol efficiency. In the second part of this thesis, I present the security requirements for RFID tags authentication protocols. As these small embedded devices are potentially integrated into many various products, they must be intraceable so that nobody can trace their holder. As anonymity does not provide this property on its own, it must be included in the security model. Finally, I describe two authentication protocols which provide this security level. The first one uses a secret key infrastructure and a key update mechanism. The other one uses a public key infrastructure and an encryption algorithm
Botrel, Jean-Louis. „Transistors en couches minces (TFT) pour les radiofréquences“. Grenoble INPG, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006INPG0169.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis PhD dissertation presents a work on Thin Film Transistors for Radiofrequency applications. Ln a first chapter the various applications of Thin Film Transistors: from displays to RFlD systems are presented. Ln the second chapter, some theoretical considerations about the working of Thin Film Transistors are formulated. This general frameworks is useful in order to present tools su ch as two dimensional simulations, SPlCE modeling, density of states extraction techniques; which were used for the study of our devices. Ln a third chapter, the results about polysilicon thin film transistors are exposed. The fourth is dedicated to organic thin film transistors and in particular poly3-(hexylthiophene) devices. Finally, some comparisons between the two kinds of devices are made and the conclusions are drawn
Souleiman, Isman. „Système intégré antenne et redressement d'un signal à 13,56 MHz pour des applications RFID en technologie silicium très basse température“. Rennes 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011REN1S052.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis study deals on the development of components of the first floor of a passive RFID tag. These include an integrated antenna and a rectifying device. The realization of components is based on silicon technology at very low temperature (T<200°C). The first part of this work consists on the realization of a thin film diode-connected transistor and a Schottky diode. These two elements are required to form the rectifier system operating at 13. 56 MHz. Static electrical behavior were investigated to derive their main parameters. The second part is devoted to the use of components, in this case the thin film diodeconnected transistor and Schottky diode with an interface gold / microcrystalline silicon in a rectifying circuit operating at 13. 56 MHz. Their ability to provide a perfectly continuous signal after receipt of a sine wave of frequency 13. 56 MHz is demonstrated. Also in this section the realization of an antenna dedicated to act as receiver and provider of the AC signal, is discussed. Its operation as a substitute for sinusoidal voltage generator in the rectifier circuit is validated
Zancanaro, Mario Antônio. „Identification des éléments RFID mobiles dans les environnements intérieurs associant la couche application et la couche physique“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066730.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIndoor localization research has generated many of potential techniques and algorithms. Identifying RFID tags in an indoor environment with perfect accuracy is not a trivial task for many applications in industry, a marketplace, or a supply chain. Localization systems have been maturing as the number of applications requiring such capabilities has increased in popularity\cite{29} \cite{20}. In businesses, these applications allow intelligent process manufacturing, increasing productivity and enabling reliable product flows. Based on these systems, many processes need to localize and identify the movement of RFID tags. Marketplaces, shops, hospitals, or simple conveyor belts for supply chains can benefit from these tracking systems. However, most of these techniques do not take into account the influence of the real constraints to which the radio signal of the physical system is subject. Although this localization problem has been addressed in lots of treatments, it remains unsolved for systems that need precision. In this thesis, our solution involves identifying RFID tags in movement from others referred to as RFID static tags. We have based our methodology on the classical configuration supply chains scenario involved in industrial and market warehouse use cases. We completely identify which RFID tags are moving and which tags are placed outside and static by the time the conveyor belt supply chain process has ended. We developed our approach by proposing an identification method with two main variations. In its first variant, the method is hybrid and works directly in the application layer, which allows a non-intrusive, custom made and articulate RFID tag identification and classification. In its second variant, we also associate our solution with a physical layer constraint, to limit and optimize the identification zone.The evaluation of the performance shows an excellent precision in a practical industrial operational zone, validated with lots of experiments conducted in a real indoor application under different conditions and using classical setup devices
Adjali, Imad. „Approche statistique pour la quantification des performances d'antennes fortement couplées : application à la RFID dans le contexte d'une densité élevée de tags“. Thesis, Paris Est, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020PESC2011.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis context of this thesis is that of UHF RFID use cases where a large number of RFID tags is concentrated in a limited volume. This context leads to scenarios in which the tag antennas can be strongly coupled electromagnetically. Under the conditions of high coupling and high density of tags, an antenna can be mismatched and its radiation pattern distorted. As a result of the antenna’s loss of performance, a global reduction of the tags reading rate can be observed as well as a drop of the reading distance for some of the tags. In order to tackle this highly random problem flowing from the unknown distribution of tags, the approach developed in this work is to assume that the electromagnetic coupling between antennas can be modeled by analytical formulas of self and mutual impedances valid for straight resonant dipoles. These dipoles can be loaded by complex impedances corresponding to the chip input impedances of real commercial RFID tags. The analytical models are validated by numerical simulations and experimental results. Statistical studies are performed for a large number of dipole distributions in terms of impedance mismatch and embedded gain variations in the direction of the reader. A statistical analysis of simulated commercial tags is also performed showing a good correlation with the dipole statistics. In the future, this work on the “group behavior” of antennas should provide the analysis and synthesis tools required for a robust evaluation of the tag performances in an environment characterized by a high tag density
Handeme, Nguema Igondjo My Mirabelle. „Étude théorique et expérimentale du comportement de la technologie RFID dans la gamme de fréquences UHF-SHF en environnement semi-confiné : application au cas des véhicules de transport terrestres“. Thesis, Lille 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LIL10087/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) is a technology which allows communication between a tag and a reader by using radio waves. A tag is called “passive” when it uses the received energy supplied by the reader without using any battery. Many industrial domains are covered by this technology. From statistical datas, 13% of industrial applications belong to the transportation domain. In our case, the objective is to study theoretically and experimentally the behavior of passive UHF RFID tags located inside terrestrial vehicles. The targeted application is an intelligent maintenance and repair system which is able to provide the health of a vehicle that returns back on a storage area. The choice has been made to use only one UHF RFDI reader fixed outside of the monitored vehicles in order to minimize the total cost of the system. The theoretical study has been performed using a modelling tool developed internally (SIMUEM3D) and based on what we call the “Modified Geometrical Optics (MGO)”. Measurements of the attenuation of a sinusoidal signal (CW) and of the reading rate have been carried out in two kinds of vehicles : a cargo van and a passenger car. The numerical model has been calibrated with those measurements. Parametrical studies have been done dealing on the reader location, the vehicle speed and spatial diversity. Installation recommendations are given in order to guide the use of such a maintenance and detections system inside utility cars, tourism cars or even buses
Mozef, Eril. „Conception et étude d'une architecture parallèle à réseau linéaire de processeurs et mémoires CAM pour le traitement d'image“. Nancy 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997NAN10116.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe works on characterization of objects in an image incited the design of a dedicated architecture for connected-component labeling. Due to both local and global properties, this operation is extremely time costly when a sequential approach is applied. In the case of a parallel approach, it has been demonstrated that the labeling complexity is inversely proportional to the number of processors. In order to reduce the complexity, many of the existing solutions require a large number of processors. However, the "Processor-Time" product has to be considered to obtain an optimal architecture particularly if VLSI implementation is envisaged. The primary objective of this work was to design a parallel dedicated architecture for labeling with both weak product and good tradeoff of "Processor-Time". For this, a Maresca algorithm, implemented in a 2-D array of processors, Polymorphic-Torus was adapted. The structure obtained has a 1-D array of processors with CAM memories. [. . . ]
Lee, Jin-Rang. „Processus communicationnel de la normalisation en matière de TIC (Technologies de l'Information et la Communication) En Corée du Sud et en France : pour une construction sociale de la démocratie technique“. Paris 10, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA100148.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe present research focuses on the emergence of new actors and new rationalities in the communication process of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) standards. Standardization emerged in the 20th century from the economic logic of industrialization. At the dawn of the 21st century it is becoming a tool for democracy for technology development. And, social, political and cultural logics are being added to the economic logic present in the standardization process. A content analysis of reports from South Korean (KATS, TTA) and French (AFNOR) standards organizations underscores the difficulties that policy makers have in mediating between the economic and emerging societal logics present in the standardization process. These difficulties, however, do not prevent new actors from taking part in this process. If the consumer as an economic actor was the main participant of this process, a lot of new discussion items, such as the privacy, human rights, and copyleft movement, call citizens and workers to participate in the standardization process. By undertaking four case studies (RFID, biometrics, electromagnetic problems associated with mobile phones and multilingualism) the government’s role in managing the democracy for technology development in South Korea and France becomes apparent. France is trying to institutionalize the relationship between actors and different organizations (CNIL, forum des droits sur Internet, AFSSE). In South Korea, on the other hand, there is an active movement outside of the institutional structures that includes a range of social actors who take advantage of ICT developments such as Web 2. 0 and mobile phones
Khouri, Rami. „Modélisation comportementale en VHDL-AMS du lien RF pour la simulation et l'optimisation des sytèmes RFID UHF et micro-ondes“. Grenoble INPG, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007INPG0055.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleOptimization of the "antenna - system" association is a major concern of UHF RFID tag designers. The mutual evaluation of the collected and the re-radiated power by the tag antenna makes possible system performance evaluation, early in the design flow. Thus, we develop VHDL-AMS models of RFID systems at different abstraction levels. Those models include the antennas and the RF link. The main advantage of using the VHDL-AMS language is that it is widely used within the computer-aided design tools and that this language is compatible with the microelectronic design flow
Ghiotto, Anthony. „Conception d'antennes de tags RFID UHF : application à la réalisation par jet de matière“. Phd thesis, Grenoble INPG, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008INPG0148.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleRadiofrequency identification is an emerging and promising technology for the identification of individuals and goods: the automation of manual operation, rapidity, precise information. . . Differents RFID technologies exist. In this thesis, we are interested in the passive UHF RFID technology and especially to the design, characterization and fabrication of RFID antennas. In 2007, over 1. 7 billion of RFID tags were sold. To lower their cost, we investigate their fabrication using ink jet printing, a technique that could revolutionize electronics industry. This work is issued from electromagnetic simulations and measurement considering several kinds of RFID antennas
Perrissol, Philippe. „Conception d'antennes pour biocapteurs implantables“. Thesis, Nice, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015NICE4118.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe improvement of the methods of cure and prevention of diseases has always constituted a major objective in our societies. The possibilities offered by modern technologies allow the multiplication of the number of medical applications but all these new practices have an impact on pre-clinical animal studies which require a large-scale health status follow-up. This work, which aims at modernizing the supervision of laboratory mice in an animal facility, is a collaborative project between the LEAT and TIRO-MATOs labs. The objective is the design of a system allowing to facilitate this follow-up for the researchers while leading to new research areas. Thus, we first studied the conception of an antenna working at 433MHz, connected to a mouse implanted temperature sensor, taking also into account the biological environment impact. After having characterized the obtained elements, the feasibility of a localization system has been studied. In order to identify several mice within a cage, the study has focused on using an UHF RFID (Radio Identification Frequency) standard (868 MHz). In this part, a reader antenna placed under the cage has been investigated. Different solutions have been proposed and compared thanks to the received power (RSSI level) recorded by the reader. For that purpose, mice “phantoms” have been specifically developed. The comparison of the different results obtained particularly with numerical mice “phantoms”, led to the conception of a reading diversity system composed of 4 antennas. This last system allows to detect the presence of up to four phantoms within a cage divided into four zones
Soldo, Yan. „Optimisation de la reconstruction d'image pour SMOS et SMOS-NEXT“. Toulouse 3, 2013. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/2120/.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) satellite was launched by the European Space Agency (ESA) in November 2009 to allow a better understanding of Earth's climate, the water cycle and the availability of water resources at the global scale, by providing global maps of soil moisture and ocean salinity. SMOS' payload, an interferometric radiometer, measures Earth's natural radiation in the protected 1400-1427 MHz band (microwave, L-band). However, since launch the presence of numerous Radio-Frequency Interferences (RFI) has been clearly observed, despite the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) recommendations to preserve this band for scientific use. The pollution created by these artificial signals leads to a significant loss of data and a common effort of ESA and the national authorities is necessary in order to identify and switch off the emitters. From a scientific point of view we focus on the development of algorithms for the detection of RFI, their localization on the ground and the mitigation of the signals they introduce to the SMOS data. These objectives have led to different approaches that are proposed in this contribution. The ideal solution would consist in mitigating the interference signals by creating synthetic signals corresponding to the interferences and subtract them from the actual measurements. For this purpose, an algorithm was developed which makes use of a priori information on the natural scene provided by meteorological models. Accounting for this information, it is possible to retrieve an accurate description of the RFI from the visibilities between antennas, and therefore create the corresponding signal. Even though assessing the performances of a mitigation algorithm for SMOS is not straightforward as it has to be done indirectly, different methods are proposed and they all show a general improvement of the data for this particular algorithm. Nevertheless due to the complexity of assessing the performances at the global scale, and the uncertainty inevitably introduced along with the synthetic signal, and to avoid a naive use of the mitigated data by the end user, for the time being an operational implementation of mitigation algorithms is not foreseen. Instead, an intermediate solution is proposed which consists of estimating the RFI contamination for a given snapshot, and then creating a map of the regions that are contaminated to less than a certain (or several) threshold(s). Another goal has been to allow the characterization of RFI (location on the ground, power emitted, position in the field of view) within a specified geographic zone in a short time. This approach uses the Fourier components of the observed scene to evaluate the brightness temperature spatial distribution in which the RFIs are represented as "hot spots". This algorithm has proven reliable, robust and precise, so that it can be used for the creation of RFI databases and monitoring of the RFI contamination at the local and global scale. Such databases were in fact created and used to highlight systematic errors of the instrument and seasonal variation of the localization results. The second main research topic has been to investigate the principle of SMOS-NEXT, a prospective mission that aims at assuring the continuity of space-borne soil moisture and ocean salinity measurements in the future with significantly improved spatial resolution of the retrievals. In order to achieve the latter this project intends to implement a groundbreaking interferometric approach called the spatio-temporal aperture synthesis. This technique consists in correlating the signals received at antennas in different places at different times, within the coherence limits imposed by the bandwidth. To prove the feasibility of this technique, a measurement campaign was carried out at the radio-telescope in Nançay, France. Even though the analysis of the experimental data has not allowed concluding on the validity of the measurement principle, a series of difficulties have been highlighted and the thus gained knowledge constitutes a valuable base for the foreseen second measurement campaign
Benamara, Megdouda. „Traçabilité RFID à l’aide de petites antennes : application au cas des instruments chirurgicaux : étude et validation d’une solution prototype“. Thesis, Paris Est, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PESC1251/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe ARTIC project, concerns the implementation an automatically system used to Tracking Surgical Instruments with Radio Frequency Identification in hospitals, more precisely particular in sterilization and operating room. The development of such solution needs to solve several problems. The control of the instruments must be rapid and adapted to the sterilization: autoclave sterilization (121-138 ° C, 1-2 bar). The specification must combine ergonomics, autoclave resistance and reliability, while being fast and generating low additional cost. Moreover, such a solution must allow multiple control (identification of several instruments at a time) in all possible spatial directions. The thesis on RFID tracking using small antennas aims to propose prototype solutions based on the magnetic coupling between reader and the tag loops. The purpose of the prototype optimization is to reach a communication distance up to 10 cm using a large reader loop antenna (the size of the sterilization trays: 50 cm length) and a miniature tag (few millimeters). Several prototypes are proposed and developed. (1) a prototype of the reader loop antenna including resonators, which allows to increase the magnetic coupling of the RFID system. This structure is simulated, realized and measured. In order to make a link between simulation and measurement, we developed calculations of the equivalent electrical model that allow to find the equivalent inductance of the N-loop reader antenna and also the equivalent mutual inductance of the system entire system. (2) Another solution is a multiple twisted loop reader antenna. It is based on the reorientation of the magnetic field lines. Its interest is to allow a detection of the tags whatever their angular positioning
Calvet-Chautard, Mareva. „Instrumentation radiofréquence pour l’agriculture de précision : application à la filière aviaire pour le suivi non-invasif du poids de foie“. Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020TOU30147.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe production of duck fat liver represents a significant part of the French economy and makes it the world leader in this field. Faced with economic challenges, producers must meet consumer expectations, not only for the quality of fat liver but also with regard to the breeding method and animal welfare. Currently, ducks are force-fed twice a day for 12 days with the same amount of food throughout the process. There is no adjustment of the food dose according to the animal during force-feeding. Therefore, some animals undergo over-feeding during this process. It is this phenomenon, which remains the main source of mortality in farmed ducks. It is in this context that this thesis finds all its interest. Different techniques are known for imaging and analyzing biological tissue. However, the majority of techniques are bulky, invasive for sample preparation or too costly to scale up to produce fat liver. Radio-frequency dielectric spectroscopy is a rapid, non-invasive and portable imaging technique that may be suitable for detecting liver weight in live ducks during gavage in order to modulate the dietary dose to be provided to each animal. This work therefore aims to contribute to the development of radiofrequency (RF) instrumentation dedicated to such an application. In the first part of this thesis, the current context of force-feeding ducks for the production of fatty liver and the different imaging techniques for studying biological tissues are described. In this context, radiofrequency spectroscopy is introduced as a possible detection solution for an application in breeding. The second part deals with the radiofrequency sensor developed by the MH2F team of LAAS, its characterization and its optimization to answer the problem of this thesis. Different sensor designs are studied to determine the most optimal version. The microwave sensor should make it possible to probe the liver, among other organs, in the living animal. The electromagnetic waves must therefore make it possible to differentiate the various organs at a specific depth of penetration. Thus, the RF characterization and evaluation with phantom models of the different sensor configurations made it possible to select two sensors for the rest of the study. Ex vivo measurements presented in a third chapter are then made on organ samples taken from ducks at different stages of gavage in order to determine the dielectric response of each tissue, and the good repeatability of the results. These measurements show that the depth of penetration of the waves radiated by the selected sensor is sufficient to probe the liver through the skin and feathers and that the dielectric response is different depending on the tissue studied. The change in liver composition during gavage was also demonstrated by this dielectric study. Finally, with a view to developing RF instrumentation for the non-invasive monitoring of liver weight, the anatomy of the fatty duck and the approach followed are introduced. The sensor is then used and adapted on a carcass and then on a live duck. Sensitivity and repeatability of RF measurements are evaluated on several animals. One of the selected radio frequency sensors is evaluated to probe the area where the liver is located to determine its size and then its weight. For each position of the sensor a frequency spectrum of 10 MHz to 6 GHz is obtained. Finally, the last part of this thesis describes the associated data processing to go back to the information of interest. This work therefore lays the groundwork for RF instrumentation dedicated to non-invasive imaging of farmed duck liver in order to adapt the force-feeding technique to each animal
Schmidt, Loïc. „Passage à l'échelle des intergiciels RFID pour l'informatique diffuse“. Thesis, Lille 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LIL10155/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleFollowing the Internet of Things (IoT) concept, each manufactured object is associated with an RFID tag (Radio Frequency IDentification) embedding a unique identifier. The incoming of this RFID in the management of goods process rises technical issues such as their integration into the Internet allowing to access object related information gathered along its life. Indeed, with the spreading of this technology, the architecture of this IoT must be scalable and must provide an efficient way for managing these informations. In order to facilitate the development and the deployment of RFID solutions, standards have been ratified by EPCGlobal specifying interfaces for an RFID middleware: a component filtering and collecting events coming from readers (ALE), a component stocking these informations (EPCIS), a component allowing to retrieve these databases (ONS), ...We propose a distributed solution of these different components by using the distributed hash tables technology. We present a distributed ALE component that provides a way to interrogate every shared reader in the network, and a solution to query and retrieve informations from EPCIS in a efficient manner, without overloading the network. Considering the importance of the ONS system, which is to IoT what DNS is to Internet, we have explored an alternate solution to the DNS one in order to distribute this component. Our solutions offer an efficient scalability to the EPCGlobal middleware, providing a generic middleware for ubiquitous computing
Charlety, Arthur. „Suivi de glissement de terrains par localisation de tags RFID en environnement extérieur“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Grenoble Alpes, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024GRALU010.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLandslides represent a major natural hazard for our society. In the time of continuous urbanization and more frequent climate extremes, monitoring landslides is a major lever for natural risk reduction. In this context, Radio-Frequency Identification (RFID) is used nowadays as a promising low-cost landslide monitoring tool, through the localization of moving RFID tags. This doctoral work presents diverse processing approaches for long-term outdoor RFID data, notably devoted to improving the stability of phase measurements. Signal processing methods are developped, both deterministic and bayesian (Kalman filter), in order to exploit data redundancy and complementarity.2D and 3D localization is studied in terms of sensibility to system geometry, then demonstrated with a centimeter accuracy. Metric displacement are confirmed on the instrumented sector.The year-long RFID data provide insights on the kinematics of the Harmalière landslide (France), shedding light on a scarp retrogression and changes in surface behavior on different zones of the instrumented sector. Coupled to hydrological and ambient-noise seismic observations, displacement measurement allows for an interpretation of the seasonal behavior the Harmalière landslide.Finally, the ability to localize tags with airborne antennas is studied. Synthetic Aperture Radar localization is demonstrated using a real-time RFID an GPS measurement setup. Localization under snow and vegetation cover yields an accuracy below 10~cm, whereas free-space localization provides a centimeter accuracy. The Markov-Chain Monte Carlo statistical optimisation method is exploited in order to characterize the localization results, with several advantages compared to classical methods.The signal processing concepts and the radio-frequency challenges show similarities with GPS processing. The advances of this work open new perspectives of low-cost applications in monitoring and auscultating landslide hazards