Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Synteza dat“

Cílem předloženého textu je prostřednictvím kvalitativního výzkumného šetření zjistit, jak žáci gymnázia hodnotí výuku jednotlivých vyučovacích předmětů, a také načrtnout, zda žákovské hodnocení výuky může disponovat hybnou silou umožňující žákům ovlivňovat podobu výuky směrem k vyšší efektivitě a kvalitě. Tato problematika byla zkoumána za pomoci zúčastněného pozorování výuky a rozhovorů se žáky a vyučujícími jedné středoškolské třídy. Na základě analýzy získaných dat bylo zjištěno, že žáci jsou schopni hodnotit výuku z různých úhlů pohledu a brát při tom v potaz celou řadu prvků. Stěžejními prvky výuky, které žáci sledují, jsou například vlastnosti a jednání učitele, expertnost učitele, didaktické kompetence učitele a s tím související cíle, metody, efekty výuky atd. Žákovské hodnocení výuky je tedy výsledkem rozsáhlé analýzy jednotlivých prvků výuky a jejich opětovné syntézy, která ústí ve formulování finálního stanoviska.

Knowing the extent of inundation areas for individual N-year flood events, the specific flood scenarios, and having an idea about the depths and velocities in the longitudinal or transverse water course profile provided by hydrodynamic models is of key importance for protecting peoples’ lives and mitigating damage to property. Input data for creating the watercourse computational geometry are crucial for hydrodynamic models. Requirements for input data vary with respect to the hydrodynamic model used. One-dimensional (1D) hydrodynamic models in which the computing track is formed by cross-sectional profiles of the channel are characterized by lower requirements for input data. In two-dimensional (2D) hydrodynamic models, a digital terrain model is needed for the entire area studied. Financial requirements of the project increase with regard to the input data and the model used. The increase is mainly due to the high cost of the geodetic surveying of the stream channel. The paper aims at a verification and presentation of the suitability of using hydrological measurements in developing a schematization (geometry) of water courses based on topographic data gained from aerial laser scanning provided by the Czech Office for Surveying, Mapping and Cadastre. Taking into account the hydrological measurement during the schematization of the water course into the hydrodynamic model consists in the derivation of flow rate achieved at the time of data acquisition using the method of aerial laser scanning by means of hydrological analogy and in using the established flow rate values as a basis for deepening of the digital terrain model from aerial laser scanning data. Thus, the given principle helps to capture precisely the remaining part of the channel profile which is not reflected in the digital terrain model prepared by the method of aerial laser scanning and fully correct geometry is achieved for the hydrodynamic model.

AbstractPb (lead) was a metal that does'nt regulated by water organisms so that the metal was constantly acumulated in organisms tissue. Currently, the pollution Pb in the waters of Indonesia have exceeded the maximum threshold of pollution defined by the government.Daphnia spp. is the organism that have been developed as a bioassay in some developed countries like U.S. and Japan because it has a rapid life cycle that is about three weeks, are sensitive to the chemical in the waters ecology and has an important role in the ecology of freshwater as the first of trophic level in the waters ecology. Target of this research is to obtain information about the concentration of heavy metals Pb that correlated with of Daphnia spp. color changes and increase of male offsprings of Daphnia spp.. This research was th thconducted on november 24 , 2008 until December 8 , 2008 in the Laboratory Education of fisheries, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine, Airlangga University. This research use method of experimental design with Completely Randomized Design (RAL) with five treatments and four rerplicates. Treatment A (control), exposure of Pb in concentration 0 mg/L. Treatment B, Pb concentration 0.90 mg/L, Treatment C, Pb concentration 1.8 mg/L, Treatment D, Pb concentration 2.7 mg/L, and Treatment E with Pb concentration 3.63 mg/L. Collected data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) with error rate or á = 0,05, if there are a different, hence continued with Duncan's Multiple Range Test. Collected data were analyzed again using linear regression graph to estimate the enhanced in every treatment. The results of research indicates that the heavy metal Pb exposure with different concentrations to the adult female Daphnia spp. did not showing significant different of the daphnia spp. color change. This is because the condition of Hypoxia (oxygen deficiency) more dominant than the increase of methyl farnesoate to influence increase of Daphnia spp.'s haemoglobin synthesa. Besides, research also indicates that the heavy metals Pb exposure with different concentrations to the adult sex Daphnia spp. provide a very significant percentage of male Daphnia spp. offsprings. This happens due to the increase of methyl farnesoate in Daphnia spp. inhibit the formation of female sex of Daphnia spp. offsprings by adult Daphnia spp. that expossured by Pb. Result of processing data using linear regression is a formula y = 18.76x + 3.104. this formula can be used to estimate concentration of Pb in water based on percentage of male offsprings of Daphnia spp. Water quality during research showed the waters pH range between 8.2 - 8.5, dissolved oxygen (DO) oranged between 8.0 - 8.5 mg/L, waters temperature was 26 C and ammonia level was 0.03 mg/L. This Conditions of water quality was the optimal conditions to support Daphnia spp. life.

<div>Det er ikke hver dag, man falder over&nbsp;et ukendt kunstv&aelig;rk, en statuette,&nbsp;som forestiller Niels Stensen som&nbsp;geolog. Faktisk kender jeg i skrivende&nbsp;stund ikke noget andet billedhuggerarbejde,&nbsp;som kun fremstiller geologen,&nbsp;og derfor syntes jeg, at denne&nbsp;&ldquo;opdagelse&rdquo; fortjente omtale.</div>

ISAGENis a tool for the automatic generation of structurally complex test inputs that imitate real communication in the context of modern information systems . Complex, typically tree-structured data currently represents the standard means of transmitting information between nodes in distributed information systems. Automatic generator ISAGENis founded on the methodology of data-driven testing and uses concrete data from the production environment as the primary characteristic and specification that guides the generation of new similar data for test cases satisfying given combinatorial adequacy criteria. The main contribution of this thesis is a comprehensive proposal of automated data generation techniques together with an implementation, which demonstrates their usage. The created solution enables testers to create more relevant testing data, representing production-like communication in information systems.

This masters thesis deals with analysis of tree structure data. The aim of this thesis is to design and implement a tool for automated detection of relation among samples of read data considering their three structure and node values. Output of the tool is a prescription for automated synthesis of data for testing purposes. The tool is a part of Testos platform developed at FIT BUT.

Studien syftade till att genom aktionsforskning undersöka hur det kan skapas användbarhet i en e-handelslösning. Bakgrunden till detta ligger i författarnas eget antagande kring att det spelar in fler faktorer än endast användbarhet när ett gränssnitt skall skapas för en webbplats som erbjuder e-handel. Faktorerna identifierades till användbarhet, handlingsbarhet samt teori kring sambandet mellan förtrogenhet, tillit och lojalitet, ur vilka det gjordes ett urval för denna studie. Genom att sätta ihop dessa faktorer skapades en egen designteori, kallad e-handelsbarhet. E-handelsbarhet applicerades på en webbplats med e-handel i syfte att utföra en praktisk omarbetning av ett existerande gränssnitt. Detta utfördes genom heuristisk utvärdering samt en kontrollista och blev därigenom en applicerad designmetod. Utöver detta genomfördes användartester i syfte att empiriskt påvisa att designteorin hittade problem med gränssnittet och därav praktiskt fungerar. Användartester utfördes även för att finna ytterligare problem utöver de som designteorin hittade. Resultatet av den heuristiska utvärderingen och kontrollistan var ett antal problem med gränssnittet. De problem som designteorin samt användartester hittade åtgärdades efter samma designteori och resulterade därigenom i ett förbättrat gränssnitt på e-handelswebbplatsen. Resultatet presenteras i form av statiska mockuper på gränssnittet. Den frågeställning och problemformulering som ställdes uppfylldes via den definition av användbarhet som gjordes utifrån den egna designteorin.

Hlavním cílem této práce je obohatit hudební signály charakteristikami lidské řeči. Práce zahrnuje tvorbu audioefektu inspirovaného efektem talk-box: analýzu hlasového ústrojí vhodným algoritmem jako je lineární predikce, a aplikaci odhadnutého filtru na hudební audio-signál. Důraz je kladen na dokonalou kvalitu výstupu, malou latenci a nízkou výpočetní náročnost pro použití v reálném čase. Výstupem práce je softwarový plugin využitelný v profesionálních aplikacích pro úpravu audia a při využití vhodné hardwarové platformy také pro živé hraní. Plugin emuluje reálné zařízení typu talk-box a poskytuje podobnou kvalitu výstupu s unikátním zvukem.

Vias redox são importantes reguladores da homeostase e sinalização celular, mas o entendimento dos mecanismos desses processos é incompleto. Tiol-proteínas como a dissulfeto isomerase proteica (PDI) podem ser moduladores dessas vias. A PDI(PDIA1) é o protótipo da família das PDIs, cuja função canônica é o enovelamento redox de proteínas no retículo endoplasmático. Além disso, PDI exerce regulação de NADPH oxidases, as principais fontes de oxidantes celulares, e é necessária para ativação de RhoGTPases, organização do citoesqueleto e migração de células vasculares. No estudo de mecanismos pelos quais a PDI regula RhoGTPases, mostramos, em redes computacionais e em experimentos de co-imunoprecitação, associação entre PDIA1 e o regulador de RhoGTPases RhoGDIalfa. Além disso, identificamos forte proximidade entre os genes codificando estas proteínas. Neste estudo, caracterizamos o perfil e implicações desta sintenia gênica.A análise bioinformática pelos programs Ensembl, NCBI e UCSC evidencia um padrão de sintenia entre diferentes isoformas destas duas famílias: PDIA1 (P4HB), PDIA2 (PDIP) e PDIA8 (Erp27) são vizinhos, respectivamente, a RhoGDIbeta, RhoGDIy e RHOGDIalfa, com correspondentes regiões intergênicas de 7.1, 2.9 e 0.14 kb em distintos cromossomos em H. sapiens. O padrão dessa sintenia foi fortemente conservado emC. elegans, alguns peixes e uniformemente em anfíbios, répteis, aves e mamíferos. Leveduras expressam no mesmo cromossomo , porém em locais distantes (i.emacrossintenia) ortólogos da PDIA1 e RhoGDI?, mas não expressam outras PDIs e RhoGDIssintênicasnos eucariotos complexos. No entanto, sintenia entre PDI e RhoGDI foi também observada na planta A. thaliana, sem evidência de um ancestral comum. Os pares sintênicos associam-se a blocos vizinhos conservados, porém diversos para cada par, enquanto cada bloco contem um gene codificando um distinto regulador da PP1 (fosfatase proteica-1). Análise filogenética mostrou topologia semelhante entre as duas famílias.Análise dos dados do estudo ENCODE e predição pelo Softberry identificou sítios de ligação a fatores de transcrição comuns entre os distintos pares, cuja ontologia indicou principalmente desenvolvimento, processos metabólicos e resposta imune. O estudo de possíveis implicações funcionais dessa sintenia mostrou que manipulações da expressão proteica de PDIA1 não promovem mudança consistente na expressão proteica de RhoGDIalfa, tanto in vitro (silenciamento da PDI por siRNA e superexpressão por vetor lentiviral induzível) como in vivo (camundongo transgênico com superexpressão constitutiva da PDIA1). No entanto, as mudanças da expressãogênica de ambos os genes na camada íntima de artérias carótidas de camundongo durante remodelamento induzido por fluxo foram fortemente correlacionadas. Experimentos de coimunoprecipitação e co-localização à microscopia confocal sugeriram interação física entre PDIA1 e RhoGDIAalfa. Deste modo, estes dados mostram um intrigante padrão de conservação evolutiva da proximidade gênica entre PDIs e RhoGDIs, não usual em eucariotos. Genes sintênicos frequentemente codificam proteínas que tendem a interagir física e/ou funcionalmente. Com efeito, nosso dados sugerem co-regulação e interação física entre PDIA1 e RhoGDIAalfa, corroborando a convergência entre essas proteínas como possível mecanismo envolvido na regulação redox do citoesqueleto pela PDIA1
Redox pathways are important regulators of homeostasis and cell signaling, but the understanding of the mechanisms of these processes is incomplete. Thiol proteins such as protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) can be modulators of these pathways. PDI (PDIA1) is the prototype of the family of PDIs whose canonical function is a redox protein folding in the endoplasmic reticulum. In addition, PDI exerts regulatory NADPH oxidase, the main sources of cellular oxidant, and is required for activation RhoGTPases, cytoskeletal organization and migration of vascular cells. In the study of mechanisms by which regulates PDI RhoGTPases, we showed in computer networks and co-imunoprecitation experiments association between PDIA1 and the regulator of RhoGTPases, RhoGDI?. In addition, we identified strong proximity of the genes encoding these proteins. In this study, we characterize the profile and implications of this synteny. .A bioinformatic analysis by programs Ensembl, NCBI and UCSC shows a pattern of synteny between different isoforms of these two families: PDIA1 (P4HB), PDIA2 (PDIP) and PDIA8 (Erp27) are neighbors , respectively RhoGDIalfa, and RhoGDIy RHOGDIbeta with corresponding intergenic regions 7.1, 2.9 and 0:14 kb in different chromosomes of H. sapiens. The pattern of this synteny was strongly maintained in C. elegans, some fish and evenly amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals. Yeasts express on the same chromosome, but in distant places (i.e macrosintenia) orthologs of PDIA1 and RhoGDI?, but do not express other syntenics PDIs and RhoGDIs in complex eukaryotes. However, synteny between PDI and RhoGDI was also observed in the plant A. thaliana, no evidence of a common ancestor. The syntenic pairs are associated with the stored neighboring blocks, but different for each pair, while each block contains a gene encoding a regulator of distinct PP1 (protein phosphatase-1). Phylogenetic analysis showed similar topology between the two famílias. The identified binding sites common transcription factors between different pairs, which mainly indicated ontology development, metabolic and immune response. The study of possible functional implications of synteny showed that manipulations of PDIA1 protein expression do not promote consistent change in protein expression RhoGDI, both in vitro (silencing of PDI by siRNA and overexpression of inducible lentiviral vector) and in vivo (transgenic mice overexpressing constitutive of PDIA1). The study of possible functional implications of synteny showed that manipulations of PDIA1 protein expression do not promote consistent change in protein expression RhoGDIalfa, both in vitro (silencing of PDI by siRNA and overexpression of inducible lentiviral vector) and in vivo (transgenic mice overexpressing constitutive of PDIA1). However, changes of gene expression of both genes in the intima of mouse carotid arteries during remodeling induced by flow were strongly correlated. Immunoprecipitation experiments and co-location to confocal microscopy suggested physical interaction between PDIA1 and RhoGDIAalfa. Thus, these data show an intriguing pattern of evolutionary conservation of gene proximity between POIs and RhoGDIs not common in eukaryotes. sintênicos genes often encode proteins that tend to interact physically and / or functionally. Indeed, our data suggest co-regulation and physical interaction between PDIA1 and RhoGDIAalfa, supporting the convergence of these proteins as a possible mechanism involved in redox regulation of cytoskeleton by PDIA1

The aim of this thesis is to research how the functional paradigm can be used for hardware acceleration with an emphasis on data-parallel tasks. The level of abstraction of the traditional hardware description languages, such as VHDL or Verilog, is becoming to low. High-level languages from the domains of software development and modeling, such as C/C++, SystemC or MATLAB, are experiencing a boom for hardware description on the algorithmic or behavioral level. Functional Languages are not so commonly used, but they outperform imperative languages in verification, the ability to capture inherent paralellism and the compactness of code. Data-parallel task are often accelerated on FPGAs, GPUs and multicore processors. In this thesis, we use a library for general-purpose GPU programs called Accelerate and extend it to produce VHDL. Accelerate is a domain-specific language embedded into Haskell with a backend for the NVIDIA CUDA platform. We use the language and its frontend, and create a new backend for high-level synthesis of circuits in VHDL.

The goal of this thesis is to create an application, which will be primarily used as three-axis parametrizable musical instrument, respectively a modifi ed MIDI controller, suitable for Android devices. Firstly, several products, which are available on the market, are reviewed and the reader is introduced to the problematics of audio synthesis, available technologies and typical Android device potential. The next chapter is dedicated to application design. Few designs are mentioned with focus on the chosen design concept. A part of this chapter is also a speci cation of the original concept, its implementation and advantages/disadvantages. The next part is dedicated to implementation and optiomalization of some of the critical points. Also the tests are evaluated including a survey about application usability. At the end, the whole work is concluded and the further development is outlined.

Le génome bactérien est classiquement pensé comme constitué de “chromosomes”, éléments génomiques essentiels pour l’organisme, stables et à évolution lente, et de “plasmides”, éléments génomiques accessoires, mobiles et à évolution rapide. La distinction entre plasmides et chromosomes a récemment été mise en défaut avec la découverte dans certaines lignées bactériennes d’éléments génomiques intermédiaires, possédant à la fois des caractéristiques de chromosomes et de plasmides. Désignés par le terme de “chromosomes secondaires”, “mégaplasmides” ou “chromid”, ces éléments sont dispersés parmi les lignées bactériennes et sont couramment décrits comme des plasmides adaptés et modifiés. Cependant, leur véritable nature et les mécanismes permettant leur intégration dans le génome stable reste à caractériser. En utilisant les protéines liées aux Systèmes de Transmission de l’Information Génétique (STIG) comme variables descriptives des éléments génomiques bactériens (ou réplicons), une étude globale de génomique comparative a été conduite sur l’ensemble des génomes bactériens disponibles. A travers l’analyse de l’information contenue dans ce jeu de données par différentes approches analytiques, il apparait que les STIG constituent des marqueurs pertinents de l’état d’intégration des réplicons dans le génome stable, ainsi que de leur origine évolutive, et que les Réplicons Extra-Chromosomiques Essentiels (RECE) témoignent de la diversité des mécanismes génétiques et des processus évolutifs permettant l’intégration de réplicons dans le génome stable, attestant ainsi de la continuité du matériel génomique
The genome of bacteria is classically separated into essential, stable and slow evolving replicons (chromosomes) and accessory, mobile and rapidly evolving replicons (plasmids). This paradigm is being questioned since the discovery of extra-chromosomal essential replicons (ECERs), be they called ”megaplasmids”, ”secondary chromosomes” or ”chromids”, which possess both chromosomal and plasmidic features. These ECERs are found in diverse lineages across the bacterial phylogeny and are generally believed to be modified plasmids. However, their true nature and the mechanisms permitting their integration within the sable genome are yet to be formally determined. The relationships between replicons, with reference to their genetic information inheritance systems (GIIS), were explored under the assumption that the inheritance of ECERs is integrated to the cell cycle and highly constrained in contrast to that of standard plasmids. A global comparative genomics analysis including all available of complete bacterial genome sequences, was performed using GIIS functional homologues as parameters and applying several analytical procedures. GIIS proved appropriate in characterizing the level of integration within the stable genome, as well as the origins, of the replicons. The study of ECERs thus provides clues to the genetic mechanisms and evolutionary processes involved in the replicon stabilization into the essential genome and the continuity of the genomic material

FHIR (Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources) is a specification for exchanging healthcare data electronically. We provide a relatively easy way to populate any FHIR server by using a workflow. A dataset of 25 FHIR JSON files with resource type Bundles, synthetically generated by using Synthea, has been tested for the population of the Vonk Server. The described approach facilitates population of any FHIR server with a KNIME workflow using POST method.

This work focuses on the unsupervised scene adaptation problem of learning from both labeled source data and unlabeled target data. Existing approaches focus on minoring the inter-domain gap between the source and target domains. However, the intra-domain knowledge and inherent uncertainty learned by the network are under-explored. In this paper, we propose an orthogonal method, called memory regularization in vivo, to exploit the intra-domain knowledge and regularize the model training. Specifically, we refer to the segmentation model itself as the memory module, and minor the discrepancy of the two classifiers, i.e., the primary classifier and the auxiliary classifier, to reduce the prediction inconsistency. Without extra parameters, the proposed method is complementary to most existing domain adaptation methods and could generally improve the performance of existing methods. Albeit simple, we verify the effectiveness of memory regularization on two synthetic-to-real benchmarks: GTA5 → Cityscapes and SYNTHIA → Cityscapes, yielding +11.1% and +11.3% mIoU improvement over the baseline model, respectively. Besides, a similar +12.0% mIoU improvement is observed on the cross-city benchmark: Cityscapes → Oxford RobotCar.