Bücher zum Thema „Suspensions de particules“

This chapter looks at regimes for change of circumstances and other future events which have an impact on performance. These are universally known as force majeure provisions. Such clauses opt out of the narrow and uncertain scope of the common law doctrine of frustration. They avoid the common law rule that any element of choice or election as to which contracts to perform is incompatible with frustration. The parties can design their own remedial scheme, including suspension of performance (if appropriate) as well as complete relief from the obligation to perform. Furthermore, they can make appropriate adjustments to the parties' liabilities and circumvent the arcane regime of the Law Reform (Frustrated Contracts) Act 1943.

Every breach of contract gives the promisee the right to recover expectation damages. Under certain circumstances a promisee may also have the right to invoke augmented sanctions, including damages measured on the basis that the promisor totally failed to perform the contract (as opposed to damages measured only by the harm from breach of a particular term), and suspension and termination of the contract. If a promisor commits a breach that was neither material nor opportunistic and the breach is curable—that is, if the effect of the breach is reversible—she should be able to avoid the imposition of an augmented sanction by curing the breach promptly after the promisee gives her notice that she is in breach and that unless she promptly cures the breach he will terminate the contract.

This book develops an improved virtue epistemology and uses it to explain several epistemic phenomena. Part I lays out a telic virtue epistemology that accommodates varieties of knowledge and understanding particularly pertinent to the humanities. Part II develops an epistemology of suspension of judgment, by relating it to degrees of confidence and to inquiry. Part III develops a substantially improved telic virtue epistemology by appeal to default assumptions important in domains of human performance generally, and in our intellectual lives as a special case. This reconfigures earlier virtue epistemology, which now seems a first approximation. This part also introduces a metaphysical hierarchy of epistemic categories and defends in particular a category of secure knowledge.

Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is an autologous plasma suspension enriched with a supraphysiologic concentrate of platelets, isolated through a process of centrifugation. Administered locally (usually by injection or direct application) to areas of injury, PRP contains a high density of growth factors, which are believed to potentiate the body’s natural regenerative processes. Over the past 20 years, interest in PRP therapy has grown exponentially, as it offers a relatively safe, autologous treatment modality. It has gained particular popularity for a wide variety of musculoskeletal pathologies. There is a growing body of scientific literature that is giving further insight into PRP’s therapeutic effects. This chapter will review the history, preparation techniques, basic science justifications, current clinical evidence, as well as procedural considerations for the therapeutic use of PRP.

In the recent years the theory of the fluctuating LB, as it was proposed and developed by A.J.C. Ladd in the early 90s, has undergone major developments, both at the level of theoretical foundations and practical implementation. This Chapter provides a cursory view of such developments, with special focus on the general formulation of fluid–solid interactions within the Lattice Boltzmann formalism. Clearly, the rheological behavior of these suspensions is highly accepted by the way the suspended particles interact with the fluid and among themselves. From the mathematical and computational standpoint, this configures a technically thick issue, namely the treatment of fluid-solid moving boundaries, in a more macroscopic-oriented context also known as fluid-structure interactions (FSI). In the sequel, a description of a number of methods which have been developed to include FSI within the LB formalism, is presented. In particular, the case of rigid and deformable bodies, both vital to many applications in science and engineering, shall be covered

La relación es un discurso narrativo que se encuentra en la mayor parte del teatro áureo, donde los personajes asumen una actitud diferente de la que representan durante el diálogo: el receptor permanecerá momentáneamente dispuesto a oír el relato, aunque ello implique una disminución de la atención que brinda a lo que pasa a su alrededor. Por su parte, el personaje emisor iniciará una representación particular para transmitir el relato a sus oyentes. Ofrecer una relación es un acto dramático, no una suspensión de la acción. En el transcurso de esta exposición se nota que cualitativamente no hay gran diferencia entre las obras novohispanas y las españolas, como sí lo hay cuantitativamente.

This chapter assesses competency to stand trial in Italian Criminal Procedure, using a two-pronged analysis. First, there is analysis of the relevant provisions of the Italian Code of Criminal Procedure (CCP). Pursuant to these provisions, the trial must be suspended in case the defendant is not capable of meaningful participation. The CCP also regulates various aspects connected to this incapacity. In particular, it sets forth the grounds on which the suspension must be granted and provides for the means through which the incompetency should be ascertained, if not immediately apparent. The picture painted by the Code is complex and many of these provisions have been challenged as unconstitutional in front of the Constitutional Court, with different results. The chapter focuses on such problems, in order to illustrate the approach of the Constitutional Court, as well as examining the solutions proposed by legal scholarship, including the definition of incapacity.

Intercultural Phenomenology explores the nature of reality by engaging in a cross-cultural dialogue between two of the most influential philosophical traditions of the 20th century. Drawing on ideas from phenomenology, Japanese philosophy and Zen Buddhism, it follows the philosophers who changed their perception of the world by choosing to suspend judgement. Guided by this philosophical method known as the “epoché”, or suspension of judgment in ancient Greek, it is an introduction to the philosophy and practice of letting objects in the world speak for themselves. Inspired by Nishida Kitaro’s insight that true reality is beyond the subject-object duality, the book uses a series of examples and exercises to explore the background to Husserl’s idea of the phenomenological epoché, Hans-Georg Gadamer’s emphasis on play in human understanding and the haiku poet Matsuo Basho’s call for a new level of freedom. This practice-oriented approach moves beyond the traditional East-West divide. It connects various traditions, old and new, contemplative and theoretical, and explains why Japanese philosophy and phenomenology can enrich the quality of our lived experience. Ishihara and Tainer introduce a new approach to the basic practice of phenomenology and the epoché (suspension of judgment) pioneered by Edmund Husserl. The book is designed to serve readers from the general public seeking ways to improve basic quality of life, as well as undergraduate college students interested in phenomenology’s theory and historical background. Both Western philosophy (Kant, Gadamer, Ricoeur and Heidegger) and Asian contemplative traditions (Confucianism, Taoism and Buddhism) are discussed. Particular attention is paid to the Kyoto School tradition, Japanese culture and Zen, drawing upon insights from philosophers Nishida Kitarō, Nishitani Keiji and Ueda Shizuteru, the Zen master Dōgen Zenji and the famous Haiku poet Matsuo Bashō. Theory and practice are combined in a wide variety of experiential exercises and simple life explorations—all potential entries into a more appreciative way of playing with reality.

This book examines the development of elementary and secondary students’ constitutional rights between 1964 and 1984 and its relationship to efforts to secure racial justice at school during the desegregation era. The first three chapters cover case studies that provide the local context for students’ rights litigation that originated in Mississippi; Denver, Colorado; and Columbus, Ohio. Each case study focuses on a particular area of students’ rights, such as free speech, equal protection, and due process, and provides an examination of how student protestrelated to civil rights and Chicano Movement activism contributed to litigation. The final two chapters provide a national view of the effects that these cases had on students’ rights law more generally, including the rights related to bilingual education, equal educational opportunities, and access to education for students with disabilities. The book also explores students’ rights in relation to school discipline, including the areas of corporal punishment, privacy, and suspensions and expulsions. The book argues that, as the courts developed the principles that determine when and why students gain rights protections, they did so in ways that undermined the initial goals of the black and Chicano student activists who set these lawsuits into motion.This book therefore offers a critical approach to these developments in American constitutional law and concludes by pointing to the ways in which the law contributes to persistent racial inequities in education.

Killing Times starts from the deceptively simple observation— made by Jacques Derrida—that the death penalty mechanically interrupts mortal time, preempting our normal experience of not knowing when we will die. The book examines more broadly what constitutes mortal temporality and how the “machinery of death” exploits and perverts time. It first examines Eighth Amendment challenges to the death penalty in the U.S, from the late nineteenth-century introduction of execution by firing squad and the electric chair to current cases involving lethal injection. Although defining the instant of death emerges as an insoluble problem, all the machines of execution of the post-Enlightenment period presume to appropriate and control that instant, ostensibly in service of a humane death penalty. That comes into particular focus with the guillotine, introduced in France in 1791–92, at the same moment as the American Bill of Rights. Later chapters analyze how the instant of the death penalty works in conjunction with forms of suspension, or extension of time and how its seeming correlation between egregious crime and painless execution is complicated in various ways. The book’s emphasis on time then allows it to expand the sense of the death penalty into suicide bombing, where the terrorist seeks to bypass judicial process with a simultaneous crime and “punishment”; into targeted killing by drone, where the time-space coordinates of “justice” are compressed and disappear into the black hole of secrecy; and into narrative and fictive spaces of crime, court proceedings, and punishment.

La pandemia mundial, que provocó la suspensión de las clases presenciales en particular en nuestra universidad, nos obligó a continuar con nuestra tarea docente, pero en una modalidad virtual. Las actividades que llevamos a cabo para dar continuidad pedagógica es lo que algunos autores han llamado Educación Remota de Emergencia, dado que no fue una elección en la cual pudimos planificar, sino una obligación por el acontecimiento, una forma de sobrevivir en una época de crisis con los recursos con los que contábamos. Tuvimos que adaptarnos afrontando la situación de diversas maneras: de acuerdo a conocimientos previos, dispositivos disponibles, capacitaciones tomadas en forma apresurada (talleres, cursos, conferencias, webinarios, entre otros), contextos familiares, entre otras variables que fueron apareciendo, para continuar con nuestra labor. Esta situación, que comenzó en el primer semestre de 2020 y siguió de la misma manera durante el año 2021 (y posiblemente modifique la manera de trabajar con los estudiantes), hizo que revisemos y modifiquemos distintos aspectos de nuestras prácticas educativas, desde los contenidos, la metodología, la evaluación y el uso de recursos tecnológicos, entre otros. Los estudiantes universitarios que cursaron materias de primer año durante 2021, egresaron de la escuela media con la modalidad virtual y los estudiantes que cursaron materias de segundo año, transitaron su primer año universitario, también de manera virtual. Esta situación puso de manifiesto la difícil tarea que tuvimos que realizar los docentes de Ciencias Básicas y de Matemática para Ingeniería en nuestra práctica educativa, en medio del contexto atípico. Con el objetivo de recuperar el trabajo realizado por los mencionados docentes (silencioso en su mayoría) y que los mismos sean compartidos y visibilizados, se realizó este Encuentro de Docentes de Ciencias Básicas. La realización del mismo tuvo como actividad central tres sesiones de debate, repartidas a lo largo de dos jornadas. Se presentaron 17 trabajos en los cuales los docentes-autores compartieron tanto sus experiencias como sus reflexiones sobre los distintos aspectos que los atravesaron. Asimismo, se realizó una Mesa de Debate bajo el título “Educación en pandemia y desafíos a futuro”, en la que expusieron docentes invitados.

Os contextos pandémico e pós-pandémico vêm impondo às cidades outras dinâmicas, outros sons, outros ecos, outros percursos, outros visitantes humanos e não humanos. Durante o confinamento, o encerramento de espaços teatrais e expositivos – bem como, durante o desconfinamento, as limitações para a sua utilização - têm tido consequências penosas nas programações artísticas e efeitos dramáticos nos quotidianos dos seus agentes (artistas, técnicos, programadores, curadores, etc.). Ao mesmo tempo, a desaceleração da vida da cidade (do trânsito, do ritmo nas ruas, do frenesim produtivo e de consumo, etc.) veio contribuir beneficamente para uma diminuição das emissões de CO2. Neste quadro, a cidade - mais concretamente as suas zonas públicas a céu aberto – surgem mais nitidamente como espaços de circulação e de interferência (ou de suspensão de interferência) entre pessoas. O que aprendemos com a experiência de confinamento e desconfinamento? Em primeiro lugar, que a cidade tem uma densidade flutuante, na medida em que as concentrações populacionais se esvaem quando nos encerramos em casa. Em segundo lugar, que o encontro com o outro (uma das prerrogativas da cidade) pode acontecer em outras escalas que não apenas a dimensão cultural. Em terceiro lugar, que o medo pode ser um sentimento público capaz de fazer implodir as próprias cidades, se não for transformado numa força para a vida. Como é que, neste processo, os artistas se organizam e se constituem como agentes na cidade? Como é que a cidade passou a ser representada? Que cidade é aquela que desejamos? Este congresso surge assim da necessidade de intensificar o diálogo entre a cidade e a arte, em particular as artes performativas. Este encontro efoi o culminar de dois anos de investigação consistente e consolidada no âmbito do projecto TEPe (Technologically Expanded Performance). Ao longo destes dois anos, desenvolvemos atividades com a comunidade com o intuito de promover um diálogo intercultural e transdisciplinar, e proporcionar o encontro com vivências urbanas variadas. Através das diferentes propostas de percursos pela cidade, mapeámos acontecimentos, hoje invisíveis, mas ainda assim presentes: desde “memórias soterradas” a “caminhadas sensoriais”, passando por registos íntimos de confinamento. O encontro visou partilhar as experiências realizadas com a contribuição de duas equipas: a portuguesa, em Lisboa, e a brasileira, em Fortaleza. Para além de apresentarmos as conclusões das pesquisas realizadas, lançamos esta chamada para apresentações, especialmente destinada a artistas e estudiosos de performance art, historiadores das cidades, antropólogos, urbanistas, geógrafos, estudiosos da escuta e do som e a todxs aquelxs a quem interessa pensar (e projectar) a vida na cidade. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- The pandemic and post-pandemic contexts have imposed on cities other dynamics, other sounds, other echoes, other routes, other human and non-human visitors. During the lockdown, the closure of theatrical and exhibition spaces - as well as, during lockdown unlocking, the limitations for their use - have had painful consequences in artistic programming and dramatic effects in the daily lives of its agents (artists, technicians, programmers, curators, etc.). At the same time, the slowing down of city life (traffic, the pace of the streets, the frenzy of production and consumption, etc.) has made a beneficial contribution to a reduction in CO2 emissions. In this context, the city - and more specifically its open-air public areas - emerge more clearly as spaces for circulation and interference (or suspension of interference) between people. What have we learned from the experience of national lockdown and unlocking? Firstly, that the city has a fluctuating density, insofar as population concentrations fade when we shut ourselves indoors. Secondly, the encounter with the other (one of the prerogatives of the city) can take place on other scales than the cultural dimension alone. Thirdly, fear can be a public sentiment capable of imploding cities themselves if it is not transformed into a force for life. How, in this process, are artists organised and constituted as agents in the city? How did the city come to be represented? What kind of city do we want? This congress thus arises from the need to intensify the dialogue between the city and art, particularly the performing arts. This international meeting is the culmination of two years of consistent and consolidated research within the TEPe (Technologically Expanded Performance) project. Throughout these two years, we have developed activities with the community to promote intercultural and transdisciplinary dialogue and provide an encounter with varied urban experiences. Through the different proposals of walks through the city, we have mapped events, today invisible, but still present: from "buried memories" to "sensorial walks", passing through intimate records of confinement. The meeting aims to share the experiences carried out with the contribution of two teams: the Portuguese, in Lisbon, and the Brazilian, in Fortaleza. Besides presenting the conclusions of the researches carried out, we launch this call for presentations, especially addressed to artists and scholars of performance art, historians of cities, anthropologists, urban planners, geographers, scholars of listening and sound and to all those who are interested in thinking (and projecting) life in the city.

Los acuerdos firmados por el gobierno con las FARC-EP, movimiento insurgente que ha tenido como una de sus banderas de lucha la reivindicación campesina en materia de tierras, ha puesto el principal énfasis en el campo. Como simples académicos de la juridicidad colombiana, pensamos que la negativa plebiscitaria solo ha sido un traspié transitorio que podrá ser enderezado, y que –esa es nuestra esperanza–, Colombia se alista a pasar la página de la infame guerra interna que durante los últimos cincuenta años ha asolado nuestros campos y ciudades. Es esta una guerra que, además, ha venido suscitando numerosos conflictos de orden jurídico relacionados con el dominio de bienes inmuebles, motivo por el cual, en el caso de que finalmente prospere la paz, deberán ser tratados y resueltos en el posconflicto, dentro de una macropolítica para su formalización, que deberá brindar los espacios jurídicos adecuados para incrementar la riqueza de vastos sectores poblacionales, pues la realidad es que la propiedad, como medio primario generador de riqueza, deberá representar entre 50% y 60% del patrimonio de las familias para asegurar su prosperidad o al menos su estabilidad económica. Así, la búsqueda de un proceso judicial, que brinde trámite expedito para declarar la pertenencia y sanear títulos con falsa tradición, deber tener firmes efectos positivos colaterales en la reducción de la pobreza. Confiamos, entonces, en que bajo el esquema del nuevo procedimiento oral que acoge el C.G.P. se logre este sentido propósito nacional. De otro lado, en cuanto a los predios rurales, la certeza de titularidad de su dominio resulta ser piedra angular para el desarrollo del sector agropecuario, pues ello apareja sustanciales mejoras en la calidad de vida de los campesinos, puesto que, al incrementarse su patrimonio, tendrán mayores posibilidades de acceder a créditos para financiar inversiones a largo plazo. Todo ello resulta imprescindible si se quiere promover efectivos proyectos productivos y se pretende su verdadera ejecución; con ello, sin duda, se logrará una mayor y más eficiente explotación agrícola, como también la implementación y desarrollo de los necesarios planes y programas de sustitución de cultivos. Teniendo en cuenta todo lo anterior, esto es, pensando en el marco de una Colombia del posconflicto, hoy la Facultad de Derecho de la Universidad Libre de Bogotá se complace en entregar a la comunidad jurídica la presente obra, en donde se recoge el pensamiento y posición jurídica de los docentes del área de Derecho Procesal. El libro que se titula La prescripción adquisitiva consta de siete capítulos, cuya autoría corresponde a sendos docentes del área de Derecho Procesal de la Facultad de Derecho, y en cada uno de ellos se abordan diferentes temáticas relacionas con el proceso de pertenencia. En el primer capítulo, denominado “Introducción al proceso de declaración de pertenencia”, cuyo autor es el Dr. León José Jaramillo Zuleta, se desarrolla el concepto de los derechos reales, sus características, la posibilidad de ser adquiridos a través del proceso de pertenencia y los efectos de dicha declaración; además, se profundiza sobre el alcance social del derecho de propiedad, la función social de la declaración de pertenencia, la declaración de pertenencia vía de acción y de excepción, oponiéndose el autor a esta última forma procesal, considerando que el poseedor demandado en el proceso, por ejemplo, el reivindicatorio, deberá necesariamente hacer uso de la demanda de reconvención para ser declarado propietario del bien por prescripción adquisitiva. El autor igualmente diserta y enfatiza acerca de la necesidad de unificar el proceso de pertenencia, y siguiendo esta línea de pensamiento, toma partido por la derogatoria tácita de la Ley 1561 de 2012, aunque deja a salvo la vigencia de las normas sustanciales de dicha ley, dentro de las cuales incluye las normas sustanciales de la prescripción adquisitiva de las viviendas de interés social contenidas en la Ley 9 de 1989 y las referidas a los predios agrarios. Por último, en dicho trabajo se señala de manera muy precisa cuáles son los bienes que pueden ser objeto de prescripción, quedando absolutamente claro, según su punto de vista, que apoya en referencias históricas, que quedan excluidos los que pertenecen a entidades de derecho público. En el segundo capítulo, denominado “Aspectos sustanciales de la prescripción adquisitiva”, cuyo autor es el suscrito, como indica el título del capítulo, se desarrollan los aspectos sustanciales que regulan este modo particular de adquisición de derechos reales respecto de cosas ajenas, como lo es la prescripción adquisitiva; en él se precisa que los derechos reales, salvo excepciones, son objeto de prescripción adquisitiva respecto de bienes muebles o inmuebles; se indica cuáles son los requisitos para la prosperidad de la pretensión de pertenencia; se hace un estudio acerca de la agregación de posesiones, la interversión del título, la posesión regular y la irregular, la suspensión, interrupción y renuncia de la prescripción adquisitiva, el enfrentamiento legal entre la prescripción adquisitiva y la pretensión de reivindicación, y por último, se hace un estudio de la más importantes reformas al derecho sustancial, en las leyes 9 de 1989, 791 de 2002, 1183 de 2008, 1561 de 2012 y 1564 de 2012.