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Putra, Ramadhan Ananditia, und Heri Suroto. „Evaluation of Secretome Tenogenic Potential from Adipose Stem Cells (ACS) in Hypoxic Condition with Fresh Frozen Tendon Scaffold Using Scleraxis (Scx), Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 (IGF-1) and Collagen Type 1“. Journal of Biomimetics, Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering 49 (Februar 2021): 111–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/jbbbe.49.111.
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Various studies have been conducted to see the scaffold that supports the regeneration of tendon. This study aims to analyze thein vitrosecretome tenogenic potential produced by ASCs culture with fresh frozen tendon scaffold in hypoxic conditions. ELISA tests for Scx and IGF-1 levels in secretome were obtained from ASC culture with fresh frozen tendon scaffold under normoxic (21%) and hypoxia (2%) conditions. The immunohistochemical examination of COL-1 was also carried out on the 2ndand 6thdays of cell culture. The secretion of Scx and IGF-1 was increased in secretome from ASC cultures using a fresh frozen tendon scaffold compared with those which did not (p <0.05). In the normoxia condition, Scx and IGF-1 in secretome with fresh frozen tendons had better results than hypoxic conditions (p <0.05). The highest Scx levels were obtained in culture on the 6thday (p <0.05), while the highest IGF-1 levels were obtained in the culture on the 2ndday (p <0.05). There was an increase in the secretion of Scx and IGF-1 from ASC cultures with fresh frozen tendon scaffold under the hypoxic condition of 2%.
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O'Keeffe, Mary, Brooke Nickel, Thomas Dakin, Chris G. Maher, Loai Albarqouni, Kirsten McCaffery, Alexandra Barratt und Ray Moynihan. „Journalists’ views on media coverage of medical tests and overdiagnosis: a qualitative study“. BMJ Open 11, Nr. 6 (Juni 2021): e043991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-043991.
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ObjectivePromotional media coverage of early detection tests is an important driver of overdiagnosis. Following research evidence that global media coverage presents the benefits of testing healthy people far more frequently than harms, and gives little coverage to overdiagnosis, we sought to examine journalists’ views on media reporting of tests, overdiagnosis, and strategies to improve critical reporting on tests.DesignQualitative study using semistructured telephone interviews. Interviews were conducted between February and March 2020 and were audiorecorded and transcribed verbatim. Framework thematic analysis was used to analyse the data.Participants and settingTwenty-two journalists (mainly specialising in health reporting, average 14.5 years’ experience) based in Australia.ResultsThis sample of journalists acknowledged the potential harms of medical tests but felt that knowledge of harms was low among journalists and the public at large. Most were aware of the term overdiagnosis, but commonly felt that it is challenging to both understand and communicate in light of strong beliefs in the benefits of early detection. Journalists felt that newsworthiness in the form of major public health impact was the key ingredient for stories about medical tests. The journalists acknowledged that factors, like the press release and ‘click bait culture’ in particular, can influence the framing of coverage about tests. Lack of knowledge and training, as well as time pressures, were perceived to be the main barriers to critical reporting on tests. Journalists felt that training and better access to information about potential harms would enable more critical reporting.ConclusionsEffectively communicating overdiagnosis is a challenge in light of common beliefs about the benefits of testing and the culture of current journalism practices. Providing journalists with training, support and better access to information about potential harms of tests could aid critical reporting of tests.
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RYSZAWY, Damian, Justyna PODULKA, Anna TWORZYDŁO, Justyna TOMASSY, Michał JARMULSKI, Zbigniew w MADEJA und Włodzimierz KOROHODA. „Explant-Like Passaging of Cells Growing on Portable Substrata Permits the Avoidance of Enzyme Application and Facilitates the Passage Procedure“. Folia Biologica 67, Nr. 4 (31.12.2019): 169–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3409/fb_67-4.17.
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The experiments presented in this paper show how growing cells on portable substrats can be useful to facilitate and accelerate the passaging (subculture) of anchorage-dependent cells. Experiments have shown that portable substrats are cheap, commercially available, and transparent. They are easily cut into various shapes and sizes, and are easy to sterilize. Portable substrats are also friendly to cells and permit faster than usual cell passaging procedures. Anchorage-dependent cells growing on the bottom of a culture vessel made of glass or polystyrene can be quickly passaged with previously-cut small fragments of glass fiber or nylon meshes or small fragments of polyester foil as well as nylon fishing lines and biodegradable surgeon threads that have been inserted into the vessel. The surfaces of such fragments of portable supports are quickly overgrown with cells and can be easily transferred to a new culture vessel. As with tissue explants, cells migrate and grow over the bottom of the new culture vessels. Using cell viability tests, analyses of proliferation and fluorescence microscopy, we confirmed the utility of the investigated substrats for cell culture. In addition, the passaging cells, together with a portable support (like explants), eliminate the need for an application of proteolytic enzymes which modify numerous cell properties and activities and would keep the cell from detaching from the substratum which would lead to the cell rounding and changes in the cell's cytoskeleton architecture.
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Veljović, Elma, Selma Špirtović-Halilović, Samija Muratović, Amar Osmanović, Sanin Haverić, Anja Haverić, Maida Hadžić et al. „Antiproliferative and genotoxic potential of xanthen-3-one derivatives“. Acta Pharmaceutica 69, Nr. 4 (01.12.2019): 683–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/acph-2019-0044.
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Abstract Twelve previously synthesized, biologically active 2,6,7-trihydroxyxanthen-3-one derivatives were evaluated in vitro for antiproliferative activity. Compounds were screened against HeLa, SW620, HepG2 and A549 tumor cell lines. Compound with the trifluormethyl group on C-4’ position of the phenyl ring showed the best inhibitory activity towards HeLa and A549 tumor cells with IC50 of 0.7 and 4.1 µmol L−1, resp. Compound with chlorine and fluorine substituents on aryl ring showed the best antiproliferative activity against SW620 with IC50 of 4.1 µmol L–1 and against HepG2 tumor cell line with IC50 of 4.2 µmol L–1. Analyses of cytotoxic and genotoxic potential of the trifluormethyl derivative were performed with cytokinesis-block micronucleus cytome assay in human lymphocyte culture and revealed no genotoxic and cytotoxic effects. The most potent compounds were subjected to molecular docking simulations in order to analyse bindings to molecular targets and, at the same time, further support the results of experimental cytotoxic tests. Docking studies showed sites of importance in forming hydrogen bonds of the most potent compounds with targets of interest.
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Gambarin, Patrizia, Cristian Magnabosco, Marina Nadia Losio, Enrico Pavoni, Antonietta Gattuso, Giuseppe Arcangeli und Michela Favretti. „Listeria monocytogenesin Ready-to-Eat Seafood and Potential Hazards for the Consumers“. International Journal of Microbiology 2012 (2012): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/497635.
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The risk of exposure toListeria monocytogenes(L. monocytogenes) when consuming Ready-to-Eat (RTE) seafood was assessed in the Veneto Region (Italy). Thirty-eight samples were analyzed, each sample consisted of three subunits belonging to the same batches. The first of the three units was examined immediately, the second was stored at +4°C (for all of its shelf-life) and the third at +10°C (for the latter third of itsshelf-life) before the analysis. Chemical-physical and microbiological parameters were tested simultaneously. Culture results showed the presence of viableL. monocytogenesin 9 (23,68%) of the 38 samples analysed, 3 (33,33%) of which with a concentration >100 cfu/g. PCR tests yielded 12L. monocytogenespositive samples. Semipreserves with aw (water activity) and pH values that favourL. monocytogenesgrowth were the only ones to result positive to microbiological and PCR tests. Temperature proved to be an important factor as it limits the growth ofL. monocytogenes, including products with potentially high competitive microbial charges. Four different serotypes were recovered and ribotyping has helped to highlight the genomic variability ofL. monocytogenesstrains in food. This supports the hypothesis thatL. monocytogenescontinues to evolve genetically to the detriment of phenotypic conservation.
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Maulana, Puja, und Ratih Asmarani. „Development of Board Game Media in Art Culture and Craft Learning at 5th Grade of Elementary School“. IJPSE : Indonesian Journal of Primary Science Education 2, Nr. 1 (29.11.2021): 99–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.33752/ijpse.v2i1.2083.
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Indonesia has a variety of cultures including traditional dances that students must know and which need to be socialized in learning. This socialization is carried out through education that is packaged as attractively as possible, namely media in the form of games (board game), especially for students. This study aims to introduce and memorize the dance culture of Indonesia in fifth grade at the elementary school level. To find out how the process of media development and how the quality of the media. This research is a type of ADDIE model research proposed by Tegeh which consists of four stages, includes analyze, design, implementation, and evaluation stage. The research subjects were fifth grade elementary school students in the academic year 2021/2022, based on field trials the results of expert validity research were in the very valid category with an overall average of 89%. The results of these student responses show a total score of 47 out of a maximum total score of 52. After being analyzed and presented as a percentage, the score is 90% with a very valid category. Based on field trials, researcher conducted tests on students with the results of classical learning completeness as much as 86%. Based on the results of data analysis in general, it can be concluded that SBdP learning using the Board Game media that has been developed greatly supports the learning process. With this, it can also be seen from the number of students who have completed the trial test on the material about traditional dance in Indonesia.
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Athanases, Steven Z., Betty Achinstein, Marnie W. Curry und Rodney T. Ogawa. „The Promise and Limitations of a College-Going Culture: Toward Cultures of Engaged Learning for Low-SES Latina/o Youth“. Teachers College Record: The Voice of Scholarship in Education 118, Nr. 7 (Juli 2016): 1–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016146811611800708.
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Background/Context Literatures on college-going cultures offer patterns and lists of practices that promote schoolwide attention to college-going for nondominant youth, often with organization-level analyses of policies and procedures. Other literature identifies promising practices and challenges to conventional instruction, often examining pedagogical discourse. Seldom are ideas from these two literatures brought together to examine promises and tensions of effectively preparing youth of color for higher education. Our study examined both school and classroom levels to develop such understanding. Purpose/Objective/Research Question/Focus of Study The purpose was to learn how high schools committed to reversing historic underrepresentation of low-SES students of color in higher education may leverage two dimensions of schooling to hit this goal: development of a school-wide college-going culture with norms and roles that articulate high expectations and provide extensive supports toward college admissions and academically engaging classroom experiences that include rigorous and meaningful disciplinary challenges, supported by language-rich communication, collaboration, culture, and context. To learn about one school's complex college-for-all efforts, we asked: How is a college-going culture enacted at the school, and by whom, to support Latina/o students in gaining access to college? What is the nature of academic engagement at the school that may help prepare Latina/o students for college? Setting Urban College Academy (UCA) is a public charter high school whose population was 98% Latina/o, 35% English learners, 81% receiving free/reduced price lunch. UCA's entering students were predominantly two or more years below grade level in reading and computing, according to standardized tests. The school explicitly recruits students who have previously failed a course, and the mission statement identifies “underachieving students” as UCA's target population. Students are mostly of Mexican origin, with roughly 80% first generation. Population/Participants/Subjects We collected data from school leaders, teachers, counselors, parents, and students. At classroom level, we selected six focal teachers (diverse in subject areas, ethnicity/race, and gender). We examined work and perspectives of focal students representative of academic performance and English language proficiency per focal class. Research Design We treat UCA as a “critical case,” holding strategic importance to the problem on which the study focuses. Using qualitative methods, a survey, and structured observation scores, we worked to integrate, associate, and counter themes and findings between and across school organization and classroom levels. Data Collection and Analysis School-level analysis focused on normative social structures (goals, values, norms, and roles); resource allocations associated with advancing a mission to promote Latina/o students’ academic success and college acceptance; and factors UCA identified as relevant. Drawing on over 40 hours of transcribed interviews with a wide range of participants, we developed themes and triangulated with other data. Classroom observation data were analyzed using CLASS and Standards Performance Continuum protocols, supported by other analyses. Teacher cases used teacher history and refections on practice; videos, annotated fieldnotes; materials of teaching; and student work samples and focus groups. We found comparisons, contrasts, and tensions across lessons and classes; one case emerges as “a pocket of promise.” Conclusions/Recommendations The study reveals a need for ongoing attention to both a college-going culture and instructional interactions. It highlights distinctions between college talk (talk about college) and college-level academic discourse, or socialization versus academic functions of schooling for college access and success. The study uncovers promising instructional interactions, as well as tensions, in engaging low-SES Latina/o students in academically rigorous work. Results suggest schools supporting low-SES youth of color may need a schoolwide culture of engaged learning that is rigorous, meaningful, and infused throughout school.
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Katunar, Jana, Vinko Zaninović und Hrvoje Katunar. „MACROECONOMIC DETERMINANTS OF WINE PRODUCTION IN THE EUROPEAN UNION“. Ekonomska misao i praksa 30, Nr. 1 (Juni 2021): 43–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.17818/emip/2021/1.2.
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This paper focuses on the determinants of wine production in the European wine industry. In the last two decades, the European wine industry has undergone many changes due to the entry of new countries into the world wine market. Although increasing competitiveness became the priority of the European Common Agricultural Policy, wine production and consumption in the EU have decreased in the last two decades, and therefore the aim of this research is to analyse and identify the macroeconomic determinants of wine production, i.e. what factors besides the price influence wine production in selected EU countries and in how they can be controlled. Empirical research was conducted using data for EU member states traditionally engaged in wine production. Panel data on wine production, wine consumption, average wine price, wine imports, wine exports and EU support to the wine sector were collected from secondary sources for 15 wine-producing EU countries and for the period 2009-2018. We estimated the econometric model using pooled OLS, as diagnostic tests indicated that this estimator was the best fit for our data. Our results suggest that domestic demand and domestic (EU) subsidies are the main drivers of wine production. To keep up with New World wine producers, even more emphasis should be placed on promoting the wine drinking culture.
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Krastiņa, Linda, und Zenta Anspoka. „Latviešu valodas apguve diasporā, izmantojot ClassFlow izglītības platformu: process un rezultāti“. Valodu apguve: problēmas un perspektīva : zinātnisko rakstu krājums = Language Acquisition: Problems and Perspective : conference proceedings 17/18 (13.09.2022): 333–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.37384/va.2022.17.18.333.
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The topicality of the research comes from the state policy to help the children and youth’s families belonging to the Latvia State living in the diaspora not to lose their sense of belonging to Latvia, preserve and develop their identity, language, values of Latvian national culture. The Latvian Language Agency has been offering 7–15-year-old diaspora pupils the acquisition of the Latvian language in the digital class for three years, applying the ClassFlow educational platform. Some experience has already been accumulated which enables us to judge the work process, outcomes and problems to be solved. The goal of the article is to analyse the diaspora pupils’ Latvian language acquisition process, applying the ClassFlow educational platform, and outcomes of the learning achievement. The theoretical base of the research consists of the pedagogical and linguodidactics theory. The empirical data has been obtained analysing the results of the diaspora pupils’ diagnostic work and their parents’ surveys. The diagnostics of the distance learning pupils’ Latvian language skills was implemented in autumn 2019 and repeatedly in spring, 2020 for 196 pupils in a group of 31 LLA distance learning classes. Two structurally and evaluatively equivalent diagnostic tests were developed. At the end of the school year the results of the pupils’ learning success were compared and the analysis of the success dynamics was carried out. 107 respondents or 53.5% of the LLA distance learning pupils’ families in 299 countries all over the world took part in the parents’ survey. In distance learning classes diaspora pupils acquire the Latvian language as a foreign language. During the learning process, integrated acquisition of content and language is ensured. The diagnostic tests have been made, taking into account the descriptions of the Latvian language proficiency levels. The tests include thematically related tasks in order to diagnose the acquisition of all principal language skills. Within the framework of the topic, the pupils' knowledge of Latvian cultural traditions and social events is also diagnosed. The results of the research show that 53% of the diagnosed pupils have a positive dynamics of language development, which can be explained by a regular and purposeful language acquisition process under the guidance of professional teachers. Integrated with language learning, diaspora pupils also expand their knowledge of Latvian culture, geography, historical facts and current events in Latvia. 47% of respondents' dynamics of language learning outcomes are influenced by irregular attendance of classes, lack of motivation to learn Latvian while living outside Latvia, insufficient parental support, heavy workload at home country school, pupil’s individual characteristics, insufficient technical support of the learning process by the pupil’s family, lack of the natural language environment, etc. Cooperation with the children’s parents is essential for teachers, since both the quality of classes and work planning, respecting the pupils’ needs, depend on the parental support. The research raises a question for further studies – how to organize a common diagnostics of the acquired experience for those diaspora distance learning pupils who have a high level of the Latvian language skills.
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Fuchs, Philip X., Mojca Doupona, Kinga Varga, Marta Bon, Cristina Cortis, Andrea Fusco, Loriana Castellani et al. „Multi-national perceptions on challenges, opportunities, and support structures for Dual Career migrations in European student-athletes“. PLOS ONE 16, Nr. 6 (25.06.2021): e0253333. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0253333.
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Despite Dual Careers (sports and education) and mobility of students being priorities in the funding policies of the European Commission, migrating student-athletes report severe challenges and decreased performance or dropouts at sport and academic levels. The objective of this study was to depict and assess the perceptions on challenges, support services, and their effectiveness in consideration of specific characteristics of participants and migrations. Based on a meta-synthesis and previous findings, a 50-items questionnaire was developed and completed by 245 student-athletes in 5 European countries. Participants with Dual Careers migration experience (n = 140) were considered for analyses of qualitative and quantitative (ordinal 5pt-Likert-scaled and metric) data on the Dual Career status, migration characteristics, received services, and outcomes. Chi-square-tests were conducted for differences between countries and genders at a significance level of p < .05. Country-related differences were found for experiences and intentions to migrate (X2(12) = 50.52, p<0.001), duration of the migration (X2(16) = 38.20, p = 0.001), financial support (X2(8) = 29.87, p<0.001), and decreased performances in academics (X2(16) = 56.12, p<0.001) and sports (X2(16) = 31.79, p = 0.01). Gender-related difference emerged in financial support (X2(4) = 10.68, p = 0.03), duration of the migration (X2(4) = 14.56, p = 0.01), and decreased academic performance (X2(4) = 10.57, p = 0.03). Tutoring and counselling support was ranked as the most effective support, especially when received from the academic field (4.0±1.0 pt) and others (4.1±0.8 pt), followed by online services from sport and academic sectors (both: 3.9±0.9 pt). Considering the pervasive globalization of sport and education, Dual Career migration can contribute to the development of a European sport culture. The high ratio of migrating student-athletes underlines the relevance of migrations in the field of Dual Careers. This study contributes to the literature by adding insights on practices, challenges, supports, and outcomes perceived by student-athletes migrating in Europe. Moreover, country- and gender-related differences support the consideration of specific characteristics and reveal critical factors in specific target groups. The findings contribute to identifying requirements and effective support measures in Dual Career migrations and can be used to improve support services.
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Alkan, Neşe. „The Big Five Personality Traits and Shopping Addiction among Young Turkish Adults“. Mutluluk ve İyi Oluş Dergisi 9, Nr. 15 (September 2023): 20–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.32739/usmut.2023.9.15.97.
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With the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic and related restrictions, online shopping has become a part of the daily life of individuals across the globe. Shopping addiction or compulsive buying, on the other hand, is considered to be a growing behavioral addiction problem which renders individuals’ wellbeing and happiness. The current study aimed at examining the role of gender and the Big Five personality traits on shopping addiction among university students. Study data were obtained through an online survey platform. Seventy university students aged between 18 and 33 (M=23.10, SD=3.38) were included in the analyses. Group comparisons were carried out by conducting One-way Analysis of Variance. A hierarchical multiple regression analysis was used to test the hypothesized model where the shopping addiction score was the dependent variable. The predictor variables were extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, neuroticism, and openness to experience scores of the participants. One-way Analysis of Variance tests results indicated a gender difference, with females scoring higher on the shopping addiction score. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis showed that only the openness to experience trait significantly and inversely predicted the shopping addiction. Empirical studies that address the relationship between potentially addictive shopping and the Big Five personality traits are producing inconclusive results. This study was specifically designed to examine the personality – shopping addiction relationship and supports the existing body of knowledge by providing findings from a non-Western culture. A possible protective role of openness to experience trait with regards to shopping addiction is the main implication of the study
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Nwachukwu, Jacinta Chikaodi, und Omowunmi Shitta. „Testing the weak-form efficiency of stock markets“. International Journal of Emerging Markets 10, Nr. 3 (20.07.2015): 409–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijoem-07-2013-0115.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to focus on the weak-form efficiency of 24 emerging and nine industrial stock market indices around the world. It tests for the predictability and the presence of seasonal patterns in rates of return from January 2000 to December 2010. Design/methodology/approach – It reports on the descriptive statistics for estimated monthly percentage returns. This is complemented by the use of both parametric and non-parametric techniques to test for abnormal return behaviour in stock markets. Findings – The results show that: first, emerging economies which persisted with market-oriented reforms had higher returns relative to risk, indicating their attractiveness for risk diversification; second, successive changes in stock prices were interrelated with each other and therefore contained information for predicting future prices in two-thirds of the emerging markets compared to one-third of industrial economies; and third, the turn-of-the calendar year effect was present for half of the emerging markets vis-à-vis one-quarter of the developed countries. The authors found limited support for the tax-loss selling hypothesis for both the emerging and industrial economies. Research limitations/implications – The paper fails to specifically analyse the implications for security returns of changes in technology, institutions, volume of trading and regulations in the different stock markets. Practical implications – The results should be particularly informative for foreign investors with regard to the risk diversification benefits of the various emerging and industrialised stock markets and the expected risk-return trade-offs. Originality/value – The paper provides a more powerful explanation for the role of institutional arrangements, infrastructure, culture and other country-specific risk factors in asset pricing compared to disparate case studies.
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Sprongl, Peter. „Gaining competitive advantage through business analytics“. Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 61, Nr. 7 (2013): 2779–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201361072779.
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The industry for business analytics within the BI sphere is growing significantly and the distinction in organizations between transactional information systems and decision-oriented systems breaks down. Firms need to understand both the opportunity and the potential of business analytics. Reporting, which is getting a handle on what happened in organizations, is complemented by analytics that is rather explanatory and predictive. Leveraging business analytics means to use analytics applications in order to analyse business problems and produce related business recommendations to improve business process performance. Business analytics must but be a part of a value creating process operating together with other systems and organisational factors in a synergistic manner, including people, processes, knowledge and relationship assets, culture, structure, and policies. In order for companies to be efficient, they need to automate processes, workflows and make rules. Effectiveness, on the other hand, is about making better decisions, perhaps using the same data that their competitors may have. What matters is not necessarily the technologies deployed, but emerging competence that the firm uses to support its business. A specific “mindset” needs to be installed for companies to invest into business analytics. Organisations need to better understand how best to exploit their data and convert them into information and sense-making capabilities. Business capabilities can be enhanced not only by exploitation of analytical tools, but also by the sophisticated use of information. This leads to a truly sense-making capability or “analytical mindset”. The primary data covers 398 data sets, where firms have been asked about the specifics of their information management. The data is used as input to statistical tests and the value of business analytics is being analyzed in an empirical way.
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Flurin, Laure, Kerryl Greenwood-Quaintance, Ronda N. Esper, Joachin Sanchez-Sotelo, Robin Patel und Robin Patel. „324. Implant Sonication Improves Microbiologic Diagnosis of Elbow Prosthetic Joint Infection“. Open Forum Infectious Diseases 7, Supplement_1 (01.10.2020): S234. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofaa439.520.
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Abstract Background With a reported incidence of up to 12%, periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is a frequent complication of total elbow arthroplasty (TEA). Its microbiologic diagnosis is usually based on periprosthetic tissue culture (hereafter referred to as tissue culture), despite the poor sensitivity of this technique. Although implant sonication cultures have been shown to be superior to tissue cultures for hip and knee PJI diagnosis, only a single small study (including fewer than 10 infected implants) has assessed sonication of elbow arthroplasties. Methods We retrospectively analysed 116 sonicate fluid cultures from patients who underwent revision of a TEA at our Institution between 2007 and 2019, comparing results to tissue cultures. Nine elbows who had fewer than 2 tissue samples obtained during surgery were excluded. Using the IDSA guidelines to define PJI, there were 46 infected cases and 61 aseptic failures. We reviewed clinical characteristics and calculated the sensitivity and specificity of periprosthetic tissue culture compared to culture of samples obtained by implant sonication. In addition, we compared the sensitivity of tissue culture to the combination of tissue and sonicate fluid culture. Results A total of 107 elbows were included. Median ages in the aseptic failure and PJI groups were 60 and 67 years, respectively. Gender distribution was similar for both groups (PJI group 62% females; aseptic group 65% females). The most common pathogens were coagulase negative Staphylococcus species (66%), followed by Staphylococcus aureus (18%). The sensitivity of tissue culture was 63% and the sensitivity of sonicate fluid culture was 76% (p=0.14). The specificity of tissue culture was 86% and the specificity of sonicate fluid culture was 100%. Sensitivity of sonicate fluid culture in combination with tissue culture was 91% (p=0.045). Table. Comparison of tests for microbiologic diagnosis of PJI Conclusion The combination of sonicate fluid culture and tissue culture had a greater sensitivity than tissue culture alone for microbiologic diagnosis of elbow TEA infection. Disclosures Joachin Sanchez-Sotelo, M.D, PhD, Elsevier (Other Financial or Material Support, Publishing Royalties)Exactech (Consultant)Oxford Univerity Press (Other Financial or Material Support, Publishing Royalties)Stryker (Grant/Research Support)Wright (Consultant) Robin Patel, MD, Accelerate Diagnostics (Grant/Research Support)CD Diagnostics (Grant/Research Support)Contrafect (Grant/Research Support)Curetis (Consultant)GenMark Diagnostics (Consultant)Heraeus Medical (Consultant)Hutchison Biofilm Medical Solutions (Grant/Research Support)Merck (Grant/Research Support)Next Gen Diagnostics (Consultant)PathoQuest (Consultant)Qvella (Consultant)Samsung (Other Financial or Material Support, Dr. Patel has a patent on Bordetella pertussis/parapertussis PCR issued, a patent on a device/method for sonication with royalties paid by Samsung to Mayo Clinic, and a patent on an anti-biofilm substance issued.)Selux Dx (Consultant)Shionogi (Grant/Research Support)Specific Technologies (Consultant)
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Manullang, Iin Parlina, Jubliana Sitompul Sitompul und Hesti Fibriasari Fibriasari. „DEVELOPPEMNT DE MULTIMEDIA INTERACTIF POUR LE TEXTE DECRIPTIF CHEZ LES ETUDIANTS DU TROISIEME SEMESTRE DE L’UNIMED“. HEXAGONE Jurnal Pendidikan, Linguistik, Budaya dan Sastra Perancis 9, Nr. 2 (21.12.2020): 789. http://dx.doi.org/10.24114/hxg.v9i2.21998.
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Cette recherche vise à développer des supports d'apprentissage interactifs dans des sujets de production écrite avec des sujets de texte descriptif à l'aide de macromedia flash et à déterminer la faisabilité des supports développés. Cette recherche utilise la méthode Recherche et Développement (R&D). Cette recherche n'est pas arrivée au stade du test d'efficacité du produit. Les étapes de cette recherche ont été commencées par la collecte d'informations à travers l'analyse des besoins et les documents, la conception et la fabrication de matériel pédagogique, la création de supports interactifs et la validation de supports pédagogiques auprès d'experts en matériaux et d'experts en médias. L'instrument de collecte de données de recherche a utilisé une analyse de contenu et une analyse en pourcentage. Les résultats ont montré que les supports pédagogiques développés à l'aide de macromedia flash ont été déclarés appropriés comme supports d'apprentissage dans les matières de production écrite. Les résultats des tests de validation par les experts en matériaux sont de 90% et les experts en médias sont de 86%. Les résultats de la validation des médias interactifs sont inclus dans l'excellente catégorie. Sur la base de cette recherche, on peut voir que les supports interactifs d'apprentissage de texte descriptif sont appropriés pour une utilisation dans l'apprentissage.
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Stempel, Carl. „Sport as high culture in the USA“. International Review for the Sociology of Sport 55, Nr. 8 (11.09.2019): 1167–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1012690219870067.
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This study seeks to theoretically and empirically advance our understanding of sport and cultural capital in the USA by testing if social class patterns of four types of sport participation (fitness, competitive, attending elite sporting events, and participation in all three) fit Bourdieu’s theory of class cultural divisions. In addition to testing for the influence of vertical class divisions, it tests for divisions within the dominant classes, and builds on the existing literature through blending Bourdieusian and omnivore theory and incorporating Lamont’s focus on “moral capital.” Hypotheses for relationships between sport and other high culture practices are generated through an historical analysis of sport and neoliberalization from this modified Bourdieusian perspective. Findings generally support the theory. Future research should map changes in the class distribution of sport over time and incorporate class trajectory in analyses.
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Reeve, Robert A., Fiona Reynolds, Jacob Paul und Brian L. Butterworth. „Culture-Independent Prerequisites for Early Arithmetic“. Psychological Science 29, Nr. 9 (22.06.2018): 1383–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0956797618769893.
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In numerate societies, early arithmetic development is associated with visuospatial working memory, executive functions, nonverbal intelligence, and magnitude-comparison abilities. To what extent do these associations arise from cultural practices or general cognitive prerequisites? Here, we administered tests of these cognitive abilities (Corsi Blocks, Raven’s Colored Progressive Matrices, Porteus Maze) to indigenous children in remote northern Australia, whose culture contains few counting words or counting practices, and to nonindigenous children from an Australian city. The indigenous children completed a standard nonverbal addition task; the nonindigenous children completed a comparable single-digit addition task. The correlation matrices among variables in the indigenous and nonindigenous children showed similar patterns of relationships, and parallel regression analyses showed that visuospatial working memory was the main predictor of addition performance in both groups. Our findings support the hypothesis that the same cognitive capacities promote competence for learners in both numerate and nonnumerate societies.
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Pakpahan, Dewi Sarina, und Afrizon. „EFEKTIVITAS SISTEM INFORMASI AKUNTANSI PADA PERUSAHAAN JASA KEUANGAN DI JAKARTA“. Current: Jurnal Kajian Akuntansi dan Bisnis Terkini 1, Nr. 1 (25.02.2020): 117–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.31258/jc.1.1.117-131.
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The development of accounting information systems in the financial sector is an important topic, especially the development of financial information technology. This study aims to analyze the effect of user competence, organizational culture and top management support on the effectiveness of accounting information systems in financial sector companies. This research method uses survey techniques with a population of financial service organizations. From 30 data collected, multiple regression analysis is used to process the data. Based on the results of tests conducted note that user competency and top management support affect the effectiveness of accounting information systems while organizational culture does not affect the effectiveness of accounting information systems
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Teghe, Daniel, und Jim McAllister. „The Demise of Central Queensland's Small-scale Sapphire Miners: 1970–1995“. Queensland Review 11, Nr. 1 (April 2004): 83–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1321816600003573.
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In the capitalistic drive for economic and social ‘restructuring’ and an increase in economic ‘efficiency’, some of the industries supporting small-scale enterprises have been marginalised and labelled as ‘anachronistic’. Whilst studying the culture of the Queensland small-scale sapphire miner, we took the opportunity to observe and analyse a case of how this phenomenon and its consequences can develop in a specific community. Generally, we found that, when state policy supports and encourages larger enterprises to displace established small-scale enterprises in a particular industry, this can have dire consequences for small communities.
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Khebli, Zineb, Ferhat Bouzerara, Nourddine Brihi, Alberto Figoli, Francesca Russo, Francesco Galiano und Sadek Chahredine. „Fabrication of a Zircon Microfiltration Membrane for Culture Medium Sterilization“. Membranes 13, Nr. 4 (31.03.2023): 399. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes13040399.
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Multilayer ceramic membranes to be used for bacteria removal by filtration were prepared from ceramic materials. They consist of a macro-porous carrier, an intermediate layer and a thin separation layer at the top. Tubular and flat disc supports were prepared from silica sand and calcite (natural raw materials), using extrusion and uniaxial pressing methods, respectively. Making use of the slip casting technique, the silica sand intermediate layer and the zircon top-layer were deposited on the supports, in this order. The particle size and the sintering temperature for each layer were optimized to achieve a suitable pore size for the deposition of the next layer. Morphology, microstructures, pore characteristics, strength and permeability were also studied. Filtration tests were conducted to optimize the permeation performance of the membrane. Experimental results show that the total porosity and average pore size of the porous ceramic supports sintered at different temperatures within the range (1150–1300 °C), and lie in the ranges of 44–52% and 5–30 μm, respectively. For the ZrSiO4 top-layer, after firing at 1190 °C, a typical average pore size of about 0.3 μm and a thickness of about 70 μm were measured, while water permeability is estimated to a value of 440 lh−1m−2bar−1. Finally, the optimized membranes were tested in the sterilization of a culture medium. Filtration results show the efficiency of the zircon-deposited membranes for bacteria removal; indeed, the growth medium was found to be free of all microorganisms.
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Suchecki, Adam Mateusz. „Income Elasticity of Culture Expenses in Polish Provinces“. Folia Oeconomica Stetinensia 15, Nr. 2 (01.12.2015): 153–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/foli-2015-0042.
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Abstract Decentralisation of public finance in Poland was an important element of changes in the political system of the country. As a result, some tasks of the state were transferred to the local government level. The purpose of this paper is to analyse the budget expenses on cultural tasks incurred by local government units in Poland in the years 2003–2012 and outlines the legal frameworks of the local government financial management in Poland. Using a model based on the double logarithmic function, the author tests a hypothesis, according to which the broadly understood culture might be regarded as a necessity or luxury good, depending on the value of the coefficient of elasticity of the expenses on culture incurred by local government units in relation to the gross regional product.
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Garriott, Patton O., Trisha L. Raque-Bogdan, Lorrine Zoma, Dylan Mackie-Hernandez und Kelly Lavin. „Social Cognitive Predictors of Mexican American High School Students’ Math/Science Career Goals“. Journal of Career Development 44, Nr. 1 (26.07.2016): 77–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0894845316633860.
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This study tested a social cognitive model of math/science career goals in a sample ( N = 258) of Mexican American high school students. Familism and proximal family supports for math/science careers were examined as predictors of math/science: performance accomplishments, self-efficacy, interests, and goals. Results showed that the hypothesized model provided an adequate fit to the data. Familism predicted performance accomplishments and perceived family supports while perceived family supports predicted self-efficacy and goals. The final model explained 63% of the variance in interests and 53% of the variance in goals. Mediation tests showed that person-cognitive variables explained the relationships between contextual variables and goals. Contrary to hypotheses, interests did not predict goals and proximal family supports did not moderate the relationship between interests and goals. Results are discussed in terms of incorporating culture-specific values into interventions aimed at enhancing the math/science career interests and goals of Mexican American high school students.
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Cantini, L., M. Previtali, R. Moioli und S. Della Torre. „THE MENSIOCHRONOLOGY ANALYSIS SUPPORTED BY NEW ADVANCED SURVEY TECHNIQUES: FIELD TESTS IN MILANESE AREA“. ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-2/W11 (04.05.2019): 359–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-2-w11-359-2019.
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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Mensiochronology of brickwork, even in areas where reference curves have been constructed and well tested, requires precise measurements and a representative amount of data due to the many factors affecting the reliability of the measurements, such as the defects caused by the time and the environment that changed the geometry of the bricks (deformation or lack of material along the edges), as well as the operators’ skills. Sometimes, the number of measurable bricks is limited in a wall, or in a stratigraphic unit. Furthermore, if a scaffolding is not available, the analysis is concentrated only on the lower courses of the bricks, being not possible to directly measure the bricks of the higher levels. In order to implement the number of bricks taken into account for this study, a comparison from direct measurements and indirect measurements is here proposed.</p><p>The aim of this paper is to explore the applications of photogrammetry for undertaking brick measurements for chronological dating: its advantage and drawbacks. Using high-resolution digital rectified pictures, the masonry texture of some well-documented building prospects was scaled into vector graphic software for recording the measures of the bricks. The results presented here by the authors are an attempt for validating this method for future applications. In detail, three case studies are analysed in the historic centre of Vimercate (Italy) testing the effectiveness of the presented method on dated buildings that display diverse features, including the presence of reused bricks, possibly coming from dismantled pre-existing structures. The results proved that the proposed geomatics method entails an accuracy that does not affect the usability of data for the investigation of buildings and the material culture inbuilt.</p>
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Takahashi, T., M. Goto, T. Kanda und A. Iwamoto. „Utility of Testing Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid for Cryptococcal Ribosomal DNA“. Journal of International Medical Research 31, Nr. 4 (August 2003): 324–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/147323000303100411.
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Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) specimens from 88 patients (33 infected with human immunodeficiency virus [HIV], 45 non-HIV immunosuppressed patients and 10 immunocompetent patients with primary pulmonary disease) were analysed for the presence of Cryptococcus neoformans. Staining, culture and an antigen testing were performed, and C. neoformans ribosomal DNA (rDNA) detected using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). C. neoformans was detected, by staining and culture, in BAL specimens from two HIV-infected patients with pulmonary cryptococcosis, and the antigen test and rDNA assay were also positive in these samples. C. neoformans rDNA was detected by PCR in a non-HIV immunocompromised patient with Pneumocystis pneumonia, whose staining, culture and antigen tests were negative. The antigen test was positive for an immunocompetent patient with sarcoidosis, while staining, culture and the PCR assay were negative. These results do not support routine testing of BAL specimens for C. neoformans rDNA.
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Velazquez Manana, Ana I., Bismarck Odei, Narjust Florez, Sankalp Pandya, Valerie M. Dandar, Dame Idossa, Bridget P. Keenan, Katherine Van Loon und Fumiko Chino. „Should I stay, or should I go? Factors associated with intent to leave academic oncology.“ Journal of Clinical Oncology 41, Nr. 16_suppl (01.06.2023): 11004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2023.41.16_suppl.11004.
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11004 Background: Physicians who are female and/or belong to racial/ethnic groups underrepresented in medicine (UIM) face disparities in salary, promotion, and leadership opportunities in academic oncology. Also, growing rates of burnout, increasing burden of documentation/administrative tasks, and lack of adequate supportive staff represent threats to workforce retention, particularly for female and racial minority subgroups. We evaluated the prevalence and factors associated with likelihood of leaving their specific academic institution in a national sample. Methods: We obtained national faculty data from the AAMC’s StandPoint Faculty Engagement Survey, conducted between 2017-2020 with 25 U.S. medical schools. Chi-squared and Fisher’s exact tests were used to determine differences in likelihood of leaving their institution within 1-2 years by sex and UIM status. Multivariate analyses (MVA) examined the associations between likelihood of leaving their institution and self-reported sex, year born, sexual orientation, UIM race/ethnicity, degree, academic rank, and administrative role. Results: We identified 724 oncology faculty at academic institutions (overall response rate 64%). Slightly less than half of oncologists self-identified as female (42%, n = 303) and only 7% (n = 47) as UIM. When asked about the likelihood of leaving their current institution, 22% (n = 152/687) of oncologists reported being at least somewhat likely to leave within the next 1-2 years. Notably, 26% of female oncologists reported they were likely to leave, compared to 19% of males (p = 0.022); no differences were observed by UIM status (p = 0.714). MVA identified sex as associated with likelihood of leaving; females had 78% higher odds of leaving their institution within 1-2 years (aOR 1.78; 95% CI, 1.13–2.79). Among those likely to leave, 46% (n = 72/157) reported intent to leave academic medicine completely; rates were similar across sex and UIM groups (p = 0.746). When evaluating workplace experience, most oncologists (86%, n = 621) felt respected in their workplace. Among those reporting feelings of disrespect in the workplace, 16% of female oncology faculty felt disrespected due to their gender (n = 47), compared to 0% of male oncologists. A small number of faculty reported disrespect due to age (n = 26), race/ethnicity (n = 11), sexual orientation (n = 2), marital status (n = 10), or religion (n = 7). Females endorsed greater feelings of disrespect in all categories other than religion. Conclusions: Female oncologists are almost twice as likely to state they are likely to leave their academic institutions within 1-2 years; this aligns with published data on attrition of female faculty in academic medicine. Our findings confirm the persistence of these trends in the modern era and stress the urgency of improving workplace experience, culture, and supports in order to preserve and enhance the diversity of faculty in academic oncology.
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Rahman, Hafiz, Sri Oktavia und Eri Besra. „Psycho-Cultural Perspective on the Formation of Entrepreneurial Culture of Minangkabau Tribe in West Sumatra Indonesia“. Udayana Journal of Law and Culture 3, Nr. 1 (31.01.2019): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/ujlc.2019.v03.i01.p03.
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This paper aims to examine and to discuss how entrepreneurial culture is formed from perceived values, cultural dimension, kinship system and informal cultural based entrepreneurial learning of a society. As the context of the research, it uses the Minangkabau tribe, which enjoys supportive social supports and where the culture of entrepreneurship is naturally accepted by the most of the tribe members as a part of their way of life. This paper considers and argues that perceived value, cultural dimension, kinship system and ‘merantau’ – an informal cultural based entrepreneurial learning of the tribe have brought direct and/or indirect positive impact to the creation of an entrepreneurial culture within the tribe. As the basis, a qualitative approach and analysis in terms of descriptive-reflexive observatory method is used to analyse the topic, which is further narratively and descriptively presented. Results of paper have shown the possible model of how perceived value, cultural dimension, kinship system and informal cultural based entrepreneurial learning can perform an entrepreneurial culture of a society, in which it is considered as the significant contribution in the research related to the culture and entrepreneurship.
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Sánchez Murillo, Julio, und Gredy Sibaja Hernández. „Quelques pistes pour aborder la culture en classe de FLE“. LETRAS, Nr. 53 (05.02.2013): 61–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.15359/rl.1-53.3.
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De nos jours, la culture occupe une place importante dans les programmes et cours de langues étrangères, c’est pourquoi il s’avère pertinent d’aborder quelques aspects liés à l’enseignement de la culture en classe de FLE. Dans cet article, on analyse la notion de culture, le rôle du professeur dans le processus d’apprentissage de celle-ci et on propose une révision succincte des différentes approches pour traiter les faits culturels en classe. En outre, on présente quelques suggestions concernant les contenus et les supports visant à construire une démarche cohérente d’étude de la culture étrangère.
La cultura sigue ocupando un lugar importante en los programas y cursos de lenguas extranjeras. Por ello, conviene analizar aspectos relacionados con la enseñanza de la cultura en la clase de francés. En este artículo, se examina el término cultura, el papel del profesor en el proceso de aprendizaje de ésta y se propone una revisión sucinta de los diferentes enfoques para tratar los hechos culturales en la clase. Además, se plantean propuestas sobre los contenidos y tipos de documentos con el objetivo de construir un modelo coherente de estudio de la cultura extranjera.
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Sugiarto, Irwan. „Human Resource Development Strategies to Achieve Digital Transformation in Businesses“. Journal of Contemporary Administration and Management (ADMAN) 1, Nr. 3 (10.11.2023): 156–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.61100/adman.v1i3.66.
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Technological developments have created great opportunities, but also challenges in maintaining competitiveness and relevance. One of the main obstacles in achieving digital transformation is the lack of technological skills and knowledge among employees. This study aims to analyse HR development strategies to achieve digital transformation in business. This study involves a qualitative literature review approach, indicating that data will be scrutinised and explained by making use of information and texts gathered from diverse sources. The study results show that in order to achieve digital transformation in business, HR development strategy has proven to be an irreplaceable key element. In essence, companies should prioritise HR development that focuses on digital competencies, innovation, and a culture that supports change.
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N.P., Nwinyokpugi, und Nnona F.O. „Building Employees’ Commitment: Leveraging on Boss-Subordinate Relationship Paradigm“. International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Business Innovation 5, Nr. 2 (06.12.2022): 74–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.52589/ijebi-m19rdorg.
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This study strived to examine the management of boss-subordinate relationship that has its own effects on the commitment of the workforce of the banking sector in Rivers State, Nigeria. Poor management of boss-subordinate relationships breeds a poor work climate as well as contributes to the loss of employees’ commitment to organisational goals. Adopting a cross-sectional survey design, this study covered all the permanent employees of the banking sector and 10 banks were conveniently sampled from the 22 operating banks in the state with a total population of 210 permanent employees. The Krejcie and Morgan sample determination table was used to derive 136 respondents. Data gathered from the respondents were analysed using the Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient Statistical tools. The test of moderating effect of organisational culture on boss-subordinate relationship management as well as employee commitment in the banking sector. The findings from the results of tests and data analyses revealed strong positive relationships between the dimensions of boss-subordinate relationship management and the measures of employee commitment in the banking sector and therefore recommended that complementary communication, empathy, leadership support and organisational mentorship should be taken seriously as tools for managing the boss-subordinate relationship and also that good organisational culture should be created and promoted to enhance employees commitment in the banking sector in Rivers State.
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BUZDUGAN, S. N., M. A. CHAMBERS, R. J. DELAHAY und J. A. DREWE. „Quantitative interferon-gamma responses predict future disease progression in badgers naturally infected with Mycobacterium bovis“. Epidemiology and Infection 145, Nr. 15 (11.10.2017): 3204–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268817001960.
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SUMMARYThe diagnosis and control of Mycobacterium bovis infection (bovine tuberculosis: TB) continues to present huge challenges to the British cattle industry. A clearer understanding of the magnitude and duration of immune response to M. bovis infection in the European badger (Meles meles) – a wildlife maintenance host – may assist with the future development of diagnostic tests, and vaccination and disease management strategies. Here, we analyse 5280 diagnostic test results from 550 live wild badgers from a naturally-infected population to investigate whether one diagnostic test (a gamma interferon release [IFNγ] assay, n = 550 tests) could be used to predict future positive results on two other tests for the same disease (a serological test [n = 2342 tests] and mycobacterial culture [n = 2388 tests]) and hence act as an indicator of likely bacterial excretion or disease progression. Badgers with the highest IFNγ optical density (OD) values were most likely to subsequently test positive on both serological and culture tests, and this effect was detectable for up to 24 months after the IFNγ test. Furthermore, the higher the original IFNγ OD value, the greater the chance that a badger would subsequently test positive using serology. Relationships between IFNγ titres and mycobacterial culture results from different types of clinical sample suggest that the route of infection may affect the magnitude of immune response in badgers. These findings identify further value in the IFNγ test as a useful research tool, as it may help us to target studies at animals and groups that are most likely to succumb to more progressive disease.
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Wheeler, Raymond M., Steven H. Schwartzkopf, Theodore W. Tibbitts und Robert W. Langhans. „Elimination of Toxicity from Polyurethane Foam Plugs Used for Plant Culture“. HortScience 20, Nr. 3 (Juni 1985): 448–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.20.3.448.
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Abstract Polyurethane foam plugs commonly are used as collars or supports to grow plants in solution culture. Despite their utility, these foam plugs can be quite toxic to plants, particularly to small seedlings. We have observed tissue injury in tests using plugs to support lettuce, red beet, and potato plants in solution culture. Typically, the injury is initiated on the hypocotyl or stem tissue in direct contact with the foam, and appears within 30 hr as a brownish discoloration on the tissue surface. This discoloration can be followed by complete collapse of affected tissue and eventual death of the seedling. When injury does not progress beyond surface browning, the seedling survives but growth is slowed. In this paper, we report on different treatments that can be used to remove the toxicity of these plugs so they can be used in plant research.
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Marina, Marina. „INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY (ICT) AND ITS ROLE IN EDUCATIONAL ASSESSMENT“. Englisia Journal 3, Nr. 1 (21.09.2016): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.22373/ej.v3i1.664.
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This paper identifies the role of ICT in assessment practices in education. The significant factors that schools and teachers should consider include the benefits it can provide to improve and enhance assessment. The primary focus of this paper is: What are the roles ICT can provide to support assessment in education? ICT has several roles and supports in educational assessment practices. This paper empha-sizes its roles in two parts: testing, and tasks. ICT can be used in testing to administer tests, to score the tests, to analyse the result and to facilitate teachers in assessing learning outcomes. Besides, ICT can be integrated in completing student’s task such as portfolio and project-based assessment. ICT provides opportunities for students to create electronic versions of their portfolio. ICT can also support students to complete their project. It is essential for teachers to realise that the rubric used to assess e-portfolios and projects must also assess students’ technology use.
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Bouchard, Dominique. „La culture matérielle des canadiens au XVIIIe siècle : analyse du niveau de vie des artisans du fer“. Revue d'histoire de l'Amérique française 47, Nr. 4 (26.08.2008): 479–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/305276ar.
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RÉSUMÉ Cet article compare le niveau de vie des artisans du fer qui exerçaient dans la région montréalaise entre 1740 et 1780 à ceux des habitants de cette partie de la colonie et des artisans du fer de la région de Québec à l'aide d'un indice chiffrant la diversité des objets relevés dans les inventaires après-décès. Nous avons effectué divers tests statistiques pour contrôler le caractère significatif des variations observées. Les résultats de ces analyses statistiques attestant d'une augmentation significative du niveau de vie des artisans montréalais, nous proposons une hypothèse d'explication fondée sur l'évolution démographique des deux régions avant et après la Conquête.
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Oliveira Rocha, José António. „The Cycle of Attention to Political Events: Racism and Police Violence in Portugal“. Perspectivas - Journal of Political Science 24 (22.06.2021): 56–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.21814/perspectivas.3137.
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The author describes the Downs model (1972). Then he tests his propositions to explain the phenomenon of racism and police violence in the "Bairro da Jamaica"in the city of Setúbal; while drawing attention to the racist culture of the majority of the Portuguese population, which supports the abuse of force by the police. The event that took place on January 19 is the corollary of several events of the same type and can become a political fact of large and uncontrollable dimensions that threatens the stability of the Portuguese political system.
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Firdaus, Nur. „The Relationship between Culture and Social Capital with the Sustainability of Microfinance“. International Research Journal of Business Studies 13, Nr. 2 (20.08.2020): 113–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.21632/irjbs.13.2.113-126.
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Poverty has been the biggest problem around the world, and one of the innovative solutions offered is microfinance. Since the success story of Grameen Bank has been widely spread, many countries decided to adopt microfinance programs to alleviate poverty. Microfinance is then believed as an effective instrument that can answer the poverty challenges. Several studies have analysed the impact of microfinance on poverty reduction, but the results varied. Some support that microfinance can improve the poor, but other criticize and argue that microfinance does not play a significant role to reduce the poverty rate and even undermine the poor. This article aims to analyse factors, namely culture and social capital, that can influence the sustainability of microfinance performance. The assumption used in this article is that the success of microfinance cannot be separated from the borrowers’ background that influences their behaviours towards microfinance. The article summarized a number of studies that have discussed this issue using a qualitative approach. The findings show that culture and social capital have an impact on the sustainability of microfinance, but the impacts depend on the condition of cultures and social capital in a society. However, additional supports are needed and should not be ignored to accelerate the impact of microfinance.
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Prasetiyo, Budi. „PENGARUH BUDAYA ORGANISASI DAN GAYA KEPEMIMPINAN TERHADAP KEPUASAN KERJA DAN KINERJA KARYAWAN DI LINGKUNGAN KANTOR PUSAT UNIVERSITAS JEMBER“. BISMA 11, Nr. 1 (09.01.2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.19184/bisma.v11i1.6204.
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Abstract: Employee contribution becomes important when it is done with effective action and right behavior. Not only the amount of effort but also the direction of the business. The nature, effort or willingness to work as well as the various things that constitute organizational support is very important for the success of employee performance. In this study, the author tries to analyze the problems faced by the administrative staff of Jember University (UNEJ). Empirical tests were conducted on 115 administrative employees to obtain data on organizational culture and leadership style that has been enough to give hope to the administrative staff. Analyzer used in this research is Structural Equation Model (SEM). From the results of model testing, it can be concluded that organizational culture and leadership style have a positive effect on job satisfaction, leadership style positively affect the organizational culture. Organizational culture, leadership style, and job satisfaction have a positive effect on employee performance. To improve the performance of administrative employees, especially the dimensions of cost control and self-reliance initiatives, it requires a bureaucratic leadership style and autocratic leadership style in an open and process-oriented organizational culture system as an effort to improve employee job satisfaction.Keywords: Organizational Culture, Leadership Style, Job Satisfaction, and Employee Performance
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Rajchenberg, Mario. „Taxonomic studies on selected Austral polypores“. Australian Systematic Botany 16, Nr. 4 (2003): 473. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sb02027.
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Cultural studies, mating systems and/or compatibility tests on six polypore species (Aphyllophorales, Basidiomycota) that decay standing and/or fallen trees in southern Argentina were performed in order to better understand their taxonomic position. Bondarzewia guaitecasensis formed sulphopositive gloeopleurous hyphae but did not form the Spiniger anamorph state typical of other species in the genus. Ceriporiopsis merulinus comb. nov. is proposed on the basis of morphological features of the basidiocarp (i.e. resupinate, brightly coloured, with metachromatic generative hyphae) and cultural characters. Porpomyces mucidus formed ampulliform septa in culture, a feature that supports its inclusion in that genus and not in Ceriporiopsis. Compatibility tests showed the isolation of Junghuhnia collabens var. meridionalis, described from southern Argentina, New Zealand and Australia, from J. collabens and J. nitida from the Northern Hemisphere; therefore, the new combination J.�meridionalis is proposed. Two incompatibility groups were found within Postia dissecta, one that is fully compatible with Tyromyces exiguus from New Zealand, and supports their synonymy, and another that is fully incompatible but morphologically indistinct. Four forms of Trametes versicolor described from Argentina and treated as distinct by some authors, were shown to be fully compatible and deserve subspecific treatment.
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Hogan, Kathryn, Beena Umar, Mohamed Alhamar, Kathleen Callahan und Linoj Samuel. „Reducing Culture Reporting Errors in the Microbiology Laboratory“. American Journal of Clinical Pathology 152, Supplement_1 (11.09.2019): S131—S132. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajcp/aqz125.009.
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Abstract Objectives There are few papers that characterize types of errors in microbiology laboratories and scant research demonstrating the effects of interventions on microbiology lab errors. This study aims to categorize types of culture reporting errors found in microbiology labs and to document the error rates before and after interventions designed to reduce errors and improve overall laboratory quality. Methods To improve documentation of error incidence, a self-reporting system was changed to an automatic reporting system. Errors were categorized into five types Gram stain (misinterpretations), identification (incorrect analysis), set up labeling (incorrect patient labels), procedures (not followed), and miscellaneous. Error rates were tracked according to technologist, and technologists were given real-time feedback by a manager. Error rates were also monitored in the daily quality meeting and frequently detected errors were discussed at staff meetings. Technologists attended a year-end review with a manager to improve their performance. To maintain these changes, policies were developed to monitor technologist error rate and to define corrective measures. If a certain number of errors per month was reached, technologists were required to undergo retraining by a manager. If a technologist failed to correct any error according to protocol, they were also potentially subject to corrective measures. Results In 2013, we recorded 0.5 errors per 1,000 tests. By 2018, we recorded only 0.1 errors per 1,000 tests, an 80% decrease. The yearly culture volume from 2013 to 2018 increased by 32%, while the yearly error rate went from 0.05% per year to 0.01% per year, a statistically significant decrease (P = .0007). Conclusion This study supports the effectiveness of the changes implemented to decrease errors in culture reporting. By tracking errors in real time and using a standardized process that involved timely follow-up, technologists were educated on error prevention. This practice increased safety awareness in our micro lab.
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Kao, Chiu-Ying, Sheng-Hshiung Tsaur und Chung-Ching Huang. „The scale development of organizational culture on customer delight“. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management 32, Nr. 10 (28.08.2020): 3067–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijchm-02-2019-0128.
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Purpose The purpose of this study is to develop and validate a hospitality cultural scale for measuring the effect of organizational culture on customer delight (OCCD). Design/methodology/approach A literature review and focus group discussion were conducted to generate an initial item pool. Subsequently, three individual samples of hotel employees were identified to develop and validate the OCCD scale. Exploratory factor analysis was conducted for item purification and factor extraction, and confirmatory factor analysis verified the factor structure of the OCCD construct. Finally, several validity tests were examined to further support the OCCD construct. Findings The results of the analyses indicated that the OCCD construct contains eight factors: the customer delight service control system, expected competencies for customer delight, shared values for customer delight, employee empowerment for customer delight, expected norms for customer delight, superior service environment, customer delight competency development and customer delight service scripting. These factors reflect theories of cultural layers. Practical implications The developed OCCD scale can provide hospitality managers a self-evaluation and diagnostic instrument to enable their cultural improvement. In addition, OCCD scale can garner employee consensus and further facilitate the effectiveness of human resources management. Originality/value This study developed an organizational cultural scale to explore the importance of customer delight in the hospitality industry. It expanded academically the current knowledge of organizational culture and customer delight.
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Pratiwi, Sri Nurabdiah, Indra Prasetia und Nurhamidah Gaja. „Literacy Culture in Elementary Schools: The Impact of the Literacy Movement Program and Library Facilities“. Jurnal Kependidikan: Jurnal Hasil Penelitian dan Kajian Kepustakaan di Bidang Pendidikan, Pengajaran dan Pembelajaran 8, Nr. 3 (20.09.2022): 786. http://dx.doi.org/10.33394/jk.v8i3.5559.
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This study aims to analyze the impact of literacy movement program and library facilities on literacy culture in elementary schools in Binjai City, North Sumatra Province. The type of research used is quantitative with a survey scoring method, the instrument in survey research used a questionnaire to collect large amounts of data. The population in this study amounted to 2,477 Binjai elementary school teachers and the research sample was 247 people. The research data analysis technique used statistical tests, namely normality test, linear regression test and hypothesis testing. The results showed that the literacy program had a positive effect on literacy culture in Elementary schools and library facilities have a positive effect on literacy culture in elementary schools and simultaneously literacy programs and library facilities have a positive effect on literacy culture in elementary schools. The implications of this research are 1) literacy movement and library facilities foster students' reading habits and interest, 2) students are accustomed to using library facilities to support learning, and 3) increase students' insight because of reading and utilizing library facilities, this will have an impact on learning outcomes.
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Yenti, Zesmi, Arna Suryani und Fakhrul Rozi Yamali. „Pengaruh Kompetensi dan Budaya Organisasi terhadap Motivasi Kerja Serta Dampaknya pada Kinerja Pegawai Puskesmas Talang Bakung Kota Jambi“. J-MAS (Jurnal Manajemen dan Sains) 9, Nr. 1 (24.04.2024): 538. http://dx.doi.org/10.33087/jmas.v9i1.1700.
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The aim of this research is to describe the competence, organizational culture, motivation and performance of employees at the Talang Bakung Community Health Center, Jambi City and to analyze the partial and simultaneous direct and indirect influence of competence and organizational culture on employee motivation and performance, as well as to analyze work motivation on employee performance. To answer the research objectives, this research is supported by theoretical studies related to research variables, namely work discipline, work stress, work motivation and performance. Apart from that, the author also looked for relevant previous research in the form of articles/journals and previous theses to support this research. The population in this study were employees of the Talang Bakung Community Health Center, Jambi City, totaling 53 employees with conditions in 2022. The data analysis technique used in this research is through path analysis followed by hypothesis testing through the F test (Simultaneous) and t test (Partial). From the path analysis tests carried out, it was found that competence and organizational culture had an influence on work motivation by 82.9% while the rest was influenced by other variants. Competence and organizational culture have an influence of 83.3% on employee performance at the Talang Bakung Community Health Center, Jambi City. This research concludes that competency, organizational culture, work motivation and employee performance are in good and high condition. In addition, competency and organizational culture partially and simultaneously have a positive and significant influence on work motivation and employee performance at the Talang Bakung Community Health Center, Jambi City. Likewise, work motivation has a positive and significant influence on employee performance.
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Mehta, Sunita, und Surya Kant Sharma. „Remote Working During Covid-19 Crisis: Impact of Organizational Support Mechanisms on Employee Engagement and other Work-Related Attitudes“. NMIMS Management Review 30, Nr. 03 (April 2022): 08–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.53908/nmmr.300211.
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Purpose: As the Covid-19 pandemic has necessitated increased remote working, organizations need to use support mechanisms to facilitate new ways of working. The purpose of this paper is to examine how the organizational support mechanisms impact employee work-related attitudes in the context of remote working. As people are anxious about both lives and livelihood during this crisis, the paper also aims to analyze how anxiety impacts the relationship of employee engagement with job satisfaction and organizational commitment. Methodology: For this purpose, responses were collected between March 25 and April 30, 2020 from a heterogeneous sample of employees (N=181) working remotely during the pandemic. Employees’ perspectives on work-related attitudes and organizational support mechanisms throughout lockdown in India were captured. Structural Equation Modeling was used to analyze the data. Findings: This study reported findings in two areas: how organizational support mechanisms (effective structure, supportive leadership, caring culture and technology) impact employees’ work-related attitudes in the context of remote working during the pandemic; and how anxiety due to the crisis impacts the relationship of employee engagement with job satisfaction and organizational commitment. Practical Implications: An immediate managerial implication of the findings suggest that it is not just technological infrastructure that facilitates remote working during a pandemic like Covid-19 but other organizational support mechanisms also have a significant impact on employee engagement. Also, there is a need for managers to create a caring, supportive, and open culture to reduce employee anxiety Originality: The article makes two main contributions. First, this study suggests and tests a model for boosting employee engagement leading to job satisfaction and organizational commitment for remote working in times of a pandemic. Second, the study provides suggestions for managers to apply the theoretical model.
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Latif, Jennifer Adelia, Ramadhani Eka Putra und Rika Alfianny. „Quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) Fermented Manure as a Fertilizer to Support Azolla microphylla Growth Rate“. Caraka Tani: Journal of Sustainable Agriculture 38, Nr. 1 (13.01.2023): 113. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/carakatani.v38i1.56805.
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Azolla (<em>Azolla microphylla</em>) is a potential livestock feed due to its fast-growing and relevant nutrient content. Quail farming generates manure as a by-product that can be used as fertilizer to support plant growth. This study aims to determine the dose effect of fermented quail manure on the growth rate of Azolla, as well as the nutritional content of the resulting Azolla biomass. The data were obtained through observation in 20 Azolla culture ponds according to the design method throughout the research for the Azolla growth rate parameters and laboratory tests to analyze manure and Azolla proximate content at the end of the study. The results showed that treatment of 50, 100 and 150 g m<sup>-2</sup> of quail manure gave similarly good effects on the Azolla growth parameters, indicating that the application of quail manure can significantly increase the production of Azolla biomass<em> </em>in culture ponds. The resulting Azolla biomass from all treatments gave a value of 93% to 95% moisture content, 18% to 19% ash content, 36% to 42% protein, 20% to 37% fiber, 2.8% to 4% fat and 5% to 6% carbohydrates. Looking at the big picture, therefore, 100 g m<sup>-2</sup> manure treatment is considered the most optimal among the rest. Based on the result obtained, this study can provide an overview of the dose of quail manure that can be used to support the growth of Azolla.
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Lucero, Nidia E., Nestor O. Jacob, Sandra M. Ayala, Gabriela I. Escobar, Patricia Tuccillo und Isabelle Jacques. „Unusual clinical presentation of brucellosis caused by Brucella canis“. Journal of Medical Microbiology 54, Nr. 5 (01.05.2005): 505–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/jmm.0.45928-0.
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Brucella canis is considered a rare cause of human brucellosis. The clinical importance of this infection may have been underestimated so far because of difficulties with presumptive diagnosis. The case described here presented symptoms compatible with brucellosis but the routine tests using Brucella abortus antigen were negative. The infection would have remained undiagnosed if culture had not been positive. This case illustrates the potential for a favourable outcome in Brucella canis diagnosis and supports recommendations for the use of B. canis serology. The infection should be suspected in patients with compatible symptoms and negative serology for B. abortus antigen.
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Rohajawati, Siti, Dana Indra Sensuse, Yudho Giri Sucahyo und Aniati Murni Arymurthy. „Mental health knowledge management: critical success factors and strategy of implementation“. Journal of Knowledge Management 20, Nr. 5 (12.09.2016): 980–1003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jkm-10-2015-0378.
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Purpose This paper aims to recommend implementation of the knowledge management (KM) strategy for a mental health organisation, an area that has, to date, limited attention in literature based on the factors that influence KM success. Design/methodology/approach A mixed-methods research was conducted to identify the organisational culture, resources, enablers and the influential factors of mental health knowledge management (MHKM). The data were collected in five referral mental hospitals and were analysed using quantitative, qualitative and triangulation methods. Findings The organisational culture has become a great barrier. Forty-three influential factors were identified. Otherwise, based on culture, resources, enablers and strengthen, weakness, opportunities and threaten (SWOT) analysed were adopted to propose ten of the critical success factors and were recommended into an implementation strategy. Research limitations/implications The paper has proven that KM is a new and emerging discipline in Indonesia, especially on mental health care. This will contribute to the governmental policy of KM implementation and enforce the quality of services. Practical implications This result has the potential to leverage interdisciplinary KM research. It supports a mental health organisation in applying KM. Originality/value This study is probably the first to analyse factors that are of influence in an MHKM initiative programme.
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Dardas, Anastassios, Allison Williams und Li Wang. „Evaluating changes in workplace culture: Effectiveness of a caregiver-friendly workplace program in a public post-secondary educational institution“. PLOS ONE 16, Nr. 5 (14.05.2021): e0250978. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0250978.
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Background Workplace experience, defined as the evaluation of the work environment and performance, and a characteristic of workplace culture, can influence an employee’s work-life balance. Most carer-employees, who combine paid full-time work and informal caregiving responsibilities, struggle to maintain a healthy work-life balance. Caregiver-Friendly Workplace Programs are designed to improve the work experience, and ultimately, the work-life balance of carer-employees. The purpose of this study is to identify changes in workplace culture through the examination of the efficacy of a caregiver-friendly workplace program on workplace experience. First, we identify whether awareness of a caregiver-friendly workplace program directly increases the amount of work support received and, in turn, improves workplace experience. Second, we will examine if significant differences in the amount of work support received translates into an improved workplace experience for carer-employees over time. Methods Two university-wide online surveys were conducted separately; time 1 (T1) during the summer of 2015, and time 2 (T2), in the summer of 2017. In each survey, nearly 7000 employees received the invitation to participate with a response rate ranging 10% (T1) to 12% (T2). Respondents were asked about their sociodemographic characteristics, caregiving responsibilities (if applicable), awareness of caregiver-friendly workplace program, types of work support received, and work experience. Reliability analyses was conducted for three scales: awareness of caregiver-friendly workplace program; work support, and; workplace experience. Proportional T-tests were used to examine the difference amongst the intervention scales over time. Structural equation modeling (SEM), via path analysis, was used to investigate the causal indirect (awareness of caregiver-friendly workplace program to work support to workplace experience) relationship that define the workplace culture. Results No significant changes in workplace culture were found over time. However, awareness of caregiver-friendly workplace programs is shown to positively impact the amount of support received, which sequentially improves workplace experience, and ultimately workplace culture. This therefore suggests that the implementation of caregiver-friendly workplace programs is potentially effective. Conclusions Results suggest that amount of support received, and workplace experience would be better reassessed via a longer time period (i.e., 5 yr. window), and improved support for managers and supervisors is needed to supplement relationships with their employees.
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Zečević, Ksenija, Catherine Houghton, Chris Noone, Hopin Lee, Karen Matvienko-Sikar und Elaine Toomey. „Exploring factors that influence the practice of Open Science by early career health researchers: a mixed methods study“. HRB Open Research 3 (18.01.2021): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/hrbopenres.13119.2.
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Background: There is a growing global movement towards open science and ensuring that health research is more transparent. It is vital that the researchers are adequately prepared for this research environment from early in their careers. However, limited research has been conducted on the barriers and enablers to practicing open science for early career researchers. This study aimed to explore the views, experiences and factors influencing open science practices amongst ECRs working in health research. Methods: Semi-structured individual interviews were conducted with a convenience sample of ECRs working in health research. Participants also completed surveys regarding the factors influencing open science practices. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the qualitative data and descriptive statistical analyses were used to analyse survey data. Results: 14 ECRs participated. Two main themes were identified from interview data; Valuing Open Science and Creating a Culture for Open Science. Within ‘Valuing Open Science’, participants spoke about the conceptualisation of open science to be open across the entire research cycle, and important for producing better and more impactful research for patients and the public. Within ‘Creating a Culture of Open Science’ participants spoke about a number of factors influencing their practice of open science. These included cultural and academic pressures, the positives and negatives of increased accountability and transparency, and the need for more training and supporting resources to facilitate open science practices. Conclusion: ECRs see the importance of open science for beneficially impacting patient and public health but many feel that they are not fully supported to practice open science. Resources and supports including education and training are needed, as are better incentives for open science activities. Crucially, tangible engagement from institutions, funders and researchers is needed to facilitate the development of an open science culture.
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Zečević, Ksenija, Catherine Houghton, Chris Noone, Hopin Lee, Karen Matvienko-Sikar und Elaine Toomey. „Exploring factors that influence the practice of Open Science by early career health researchers: a mixed methods study“. HRB Open Research 3 (21.08.2020): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/hrbopenres.13119.1.
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Background: There is a growing global movement towards open science and ensuring that health research is more transparent. It is vital that the researchers are adequately prepared for this research environment from early in their careers. However, the barriers and enablers to practicing open science for early career researchers (ECRs) have been explored to a limited extent. This study aimed to explore the views, experiences and factors influencing open science practices amongst ECRs working in health research. Methods: Semi-structured individual interviews were conducted with a convenience sample of ECRs working in health research. Participants also completed surveys regarding the factors influencing open science practices. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the qualitative data and descriptive statistical analyses were used to analyse survey data. Results: 14 ECRs participated. Two main themes were identified from interview data; Valuing Open Science and Creating a Culture for Open Science. Within ‘Valuing Open Science’, participants spoke about the conceptualisation of open science to be open across the entire research cycle, and important for producing better and more impactful research for patients and the public. Within ‘Creating a Culture of Open Science’ participants spoke about a number of factors influencing their practice of open science. These included cultural and academic pressures, the positives and negatives of increased accountability and transparency, and the need for more training and supporting resources to facilitate open science practices. Conclusion: ECRs see the importance of open science for beneficially impacting patient and public health but many feel that they are not fully supported to practice open science. Resources and supports including education and training are needed, as are better incentives for open science activities. Crucially, tangible engagement from institutions, funders and researchers is needed to facilitate the development of an open science culture.
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Meeder, Jeremy, Derek Moates, Hannah Pierce, Jamie Hutchinson, Pia Cumagun, Cameron White, Rachael A. Lee, Todd P. McCarty und Sixto M. Leal. „214. Prospective Evaluation of the GenMark Dx ePlex® Blood Culture Identification Gram Negative Panel“. Open Forum Infectious Diseases 8, Supplement_1 (01.11.2021): S215. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofab466.416.
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Abstract Background The ePlex BCID Gram-Negative (GN) panel utilizes electrowetting technology to detect the most common causes of GN bacteremia (21 targets) and 6 antimicrobial resistance genes from positive blood culture bottles. Rapid detection of extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL; CTX-M), carbapenemases (KPC, NDM, IMP, VIM, OXA 23/48), and highly resistant bacteria such as Stenotrophomonas maltophilia enables early optimization of antimicrobial therapy. Methods In this prospective study, we evaluated the performance of the BCID-GN panel compared to traditional standard of care culture and susceptibility testing with organism identification using the BioMerieux Vitek MS Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization (MALDI) Time of Flight mass spectrometry. Samples submitted for standard of care testing in Biomerieux BacT/Alert resin FA/FN blood culture bottles on the BacT/Alert VIRTUO automated blood culture system with GN bacteria on direct exam (n=108) were included. Results All but two GN bacteria identified by MALDI were represented on the BCID-GN Panel (106/108, 98.1%) and most tests (107/108, 99.1%) yielded valid results. Discordant analyses revealed a positive percent agreement (PPA) of 102/105 (97.2%) with 3 false negatives (2 pan-susceptible Enterobacterales, 1 ESBL E.coli) and a negative percent agreement (NPA) of 105/105 (100%). Consistent with alternative resistance mechanisms, only 8/12 (66.7%) of Enterobacterales with resistance to 3rd generation cephalosporins harbored the CTX-M gene. In contrast, 8/8 (100%) of isolates from samples harboring the CTX-M gene were resistant to 3rd generation cephalosporins. Conclusion Detection of 1 S. maltophilia, 1 Acinetobacter baumannii expressing OXA 23/48, and 8 Enterobacterales expressing CTX-M represent opportunities for early optimization of antimicrobial therapy in 10/108 (9.3%) of samples. The BCID-GN Panel provides rapid accurate detection of resistant gram negative bacteria enabling high quality data driven optimization of antimicrobial therapy. Disclosures Todd P. McCarty, MD, Cidara (Grant/Research Support)GenMark (Grant/Research Support, Other Financial or Material Support, Honoraria for Research Presentation)T2 Biosystems (Consultant) Sixto M. Leal, Jr., MD, PhD, Abnova (Grant/Research Support)AltImmune (Grant/Research Support)Amplyx Pharmaceuticals (Grant/Research Support)Astellas Pharmaceuticals (Grant/Research Support)CNINE Dx (Grant/Research Support)GenMark Diagnostics (Grant/Research Support, Other Financial or Material Support, Honoraria- Research Presentation)IHMA (Grant/Research Support)IMMY Dx (Grant/Research Support)JMI/Sentry (Grant/Research Support)mFluiDx Dx (Grant/Research Support)SpeeDx Dx (Grant/Research Support)Tetraphase Pharmaceuticals (Grant/Research Support)
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Colbert, A. M., D. Bauer, P. Arroyave, S. Hernández, M. A. Martínez, M. M. Lamb, A. Paniagua-Avila et al. „Performance of Young Children in Rural Guatemala on the Mullen Scales of Early Learning“. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 34, Nr. 7 (30.08.2019): 1246. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/arclin/acz029.13.
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Abstract Objective The literature supports using tests developed in high-income countries to assess children in low and lower-middle income countries (LMICs) when carefully translated, adapted, and applied (Holding et al., 2018; Mitchell et al., 2017). Research has shown the Mullen Scales of Early Learning (MSEL) to have adequate validity and sensitivity when used in LMICs (Bangirana et al., 2014; Koura et al., 2013), as well as equivalency to the American normative sample in lower risk populations (Bornman et al., 2010). Here, we describe the pattern of MSEL results in rural Guatemala. Participants and Method Children (n = 842; M enrollment age = 15.9 months; range 0-5 years) enrolled in an observational study of postnatal Zika exposure in rural Guatemala were administered an adapted and translated version of the MSEL (Connery et al., in press). To date, 352 children completed one, 393 children completed two, and 97 children completed three MSELs, for a total of 1,429 administrations. Results MSEL composite scores were similar to the American normative sample in children <12 months (M = 93.3, SD = 11.1), but lower for children ages 1-5 years (mean = 71.1, SD = 15.1, p < 0.0001). Moreover, lower scores were observed in children ages 1-5 years for all MSEL subscales, with the largest differences observed in receptive language (<12 years: mean = 47.8, SD = 7.1; 1-5 years: mean = 35.1, SD = 10.0, p < 0.0001). Conclusions Results are consistent with research that demonstrates a widening gap in test performance over time between children from higher and lower risk communities (Fernald et al., 2011; Paxson et al., 2005; Schady et al., 2015). Although findings are not meant to diagnose individual children, they highlight population changes in neurodevelopmental skills and the need for a better understanding of developmental patterns in LMICs. Future analyses will evaluate the impact of developmental risk factors over time and the performance of the MSEL in this population. References Bangirana, P., Opoka, R. O., Boivin, M. J., Idro, R., Hodges, J. S., Romero, R. A., … John, C. C. (2014). Severe Malarial Anemia is Associated With Long-term Neurocognitive Impairment. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 59(3), 336–344. https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciu293. Bornman, J., Sevcik, R. A., Romski, M., & Pae, H. K. (2010). Successfully Translating Language and Culture when Adapting Assessment Measures, ppi_254 111.118. Retrieved from https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/j.1741-1130.2010.00254.x. Fernald, L. C. H., Weber, A., Galasso, E., & Ratsifandrihamanana, L. (2011). Socioeconomic gradients and child development in a very low income population: Evidence from Madagascar. Developmental Science, 14(4), 832–847. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-7687.2010.01032.x. Holding, P., Anum, A., van de Vijver, F. J. R., Vokhiwa, M., Bugase, N., Hossen, T., … Gomes, M. (2018). Can we measure cognitive constructs consistently within and across cultures? Evidence from a test battery in Bangladesh, Ghana, and Tanzania. Applied Neuropsychology: Child, 7(1), 1-13 https://doi.org/10.1080/21622965.2016.1206823. Koura, K. G., Boivin, M. J., Davidson, L. L., Ouédraogo, S., Zoumenou, R., Alao, M. J., … Bodeau-Livinec, F. (2013). Usefulness of child development assessments for low-resource settings in francophone Africa. Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics : JDBP, 34(7), 486–93. https://doi.org/10.1097/DBP.0b013e31829d211c. Mitchell, J. M., Tomlinson, M., Bland, R. M., Houle, B., Stein, A., & Rochat, T. J. (2017). Confirmatory factor analysis of the Kaufman assessment battery in a sample of primary school-aged children in rural South Africa. South African Journal of Psychology, 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1177/0081246317741822. Paxson, C., Schady, N., Izquierdo, S., León, M., Lucio, R., Ponce, J., … Hall, W. (2005). Cognitive Development among Young Children in Ecuador The Roles of Wealth, Health, and Parenting. Retrieved from http://econ.worldbank.org. Schady, N., Behrman, J., Araujo, M. C., Azuero, R., Bernal, R., Bravo, D., … Vakis, R. (2015). Wealth gradients in early childhood cognitive development in five Latin American countries. The Journal of Human Resources, 50(2), 446–463. Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25983344.