Thematische Bibliographien / Subwavelength photonics

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Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Subwavelength photonics“

Autor: Grafiati

Veröffentlicht am 23. November 2024

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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Subwavelength photonics"

Cheben, Pavel, Iñigo Molina Fernandez, David Smith, Weidong Zhou und Pierre Berini. „Subwavelength Photonics“. Optics and Photonics News 28, Nr. 5 (01.05.2017): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/opn.28.5.000034.

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Cheben, Pavel, Robert Halir, Jens H. Schmid, Harry A. Atwater und David R. Smith. „Subwavelength integrated photonics“. Nature 560, Nr. 7720 (August 2018): 565–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41586-018-0421-7.

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Luque-González, José Manuel, Alejandro Sánchez-Postigo, Abdelfettah Hadij-ElHouati, Alejandro Ortega-Moñux, J. Gonzalo Wangüemert-Pérez, Jens H. Schmid, Pavel Cheben, Íñigo Molina-Fernández und Robert Halir. „A review of silicon subwavelength gratings: building break-through devices with anisotropic metamaterials“. Nanophotonics 10, Nr. 11 (13.08.2021): 2765–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2021-0110.

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Abstract Silicon photonics is playing a key role in areas as diverse as high-speed optical communications, neural networks, supercomputing, quantum photonics, and sensing, which demand the development of highly efficient and compact light-processing devices. The lithographic segmentation of silicon waveguides at the subwavelength scale enables the synthesis of artificial materials that significantly expand the design space in silicon photonics. The optical properties of these metamaterials can be controlled by a judicious design of the subwavelength grating geometry, enhancing the performance of nanostructured devices without jeopardizing ease of fabrication and dense integration. Recently, the anisotropic nature of subwavelength gratings has begun to be exploited, yielding unprecedented capabilities and performance such as ultrabroadband behavior, engineered modal confinement, and sophisticated polarization management. Here we provide a comprehensive review of the field of subwavelength metamaterials and their applications in silicon photonics. We first provide an in-depth analysis of how the subwavelength geometry synthesizes the metamaterial and give insight into how properties like refractive index or anisotropy can be tailored. The latest applications are then reviewed in detail, with a clear focus on how subwavelength structures improve device performance. Finally, we illustrate the design of two ground-breaking devices in more detail and discuss the prospects of subwavelength gratings as a tool for the advancement of silicon photonics.

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Shcherbakov, M. R., D. N. Neshev, B. Hopkins, A. S. Shorokhov, I. Staude, E. V. Melik-Gaykazyan, M. Decker et al. „Nonlinear Properties of "Magnetic Light"“. Asia Pacific Physics Newsletter 04, Nr. 01 (23.10.2015): 57–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2251158x15000211.

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Control of light at the nanoscale is demanding for future successful on-chip integration. At the subwavelength scale, the conventional optical elements such as lenses become not functional, and they require conceptually new approach for a design of nanoscale photonic devices. The most common approach to the subwavelength photonics is based on plasmonic nanoparticles and plasmonic waveguides due to their ability to capture and concentrate visible light at subwavelength dimensions. But the main drawback of all plasmonic devices is their intrinsic losses due to metallic components which affect strongly the overall performance of plasmonic structures limiting their scalability and practical use.

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Wu, Sailong, Xin Mu, Lirong Cheng, Simei Mao und H. Y. Fu. „State-of-the-Art and Perspectives on Silicon Waveguide Crossings: A Review“. Micromachines 11, Nr. 3 (20.03.2020): 326. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi11030326.

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In the past few decades, silicon photonics has witnessed a ramp-up of investment in both research and industry. As a basic building block, silicon waveguide crossing is inevitable for dense silicon photonic integrated circuits and efficient crossing designs will greatly improve the performance of photonic devices with multiple crossings. In this paper, we focus on the state-of-the-art and perspectives on silicon waveguide crossings. It reviews several classical structures in silicon waveguide crossing design, such as shaped taper, multimode interference, subwavelength grating, holey subwavelength grating and vertical directional coupler by forward or inverse design method. In addition, we introduce some emerging research directions in crossing design including polarization-division-multiplexing and mode-division-multiplexing technologies.

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Yu, W., D. Wu, X. Duan und Y. Yi. „Subwavelength Grating Structure with High Aspect Ratio and Tapered Sidewall Profiles“. MRS Advances 1, Nr. 23 (28.12.2015): 1693–701. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/adv.2015.32.

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ABSTRACTCMOS-compatible fabrication and etching processes are often used in subwavelength grating structures manufacturing, it normally generates tapered sidewall profile of the gratings. In this work, we have studied the impacts on resonance mode characteristics of subwavelength grating structures due to the tapered sidewall profile, as well as grating with high aspect ratio. Our simulation results have revealed that both of these two factors play important roles on the resonance mode behavior of subwavelength grating devices. We also discussed the mechanism between the guided mode resonance and the grating cavity mode resonance. Our study will provide guidance for a series of integrated photonics devices applications, such as compact optical filter, photonics amplifier, and lasers, while the realistic subwavelength grating structure is considered.

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Yoon, Hosang, Kitty Y. M. Yeung, Philip Kim und Donhee Ham. „Plasmonics with two-dimensional conductors“. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 372, Nr. 2012 (28.03.2014): 20130104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2013.0104.

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A wealth of effort in photonics has been dedicated to the study and engineering of surface plasmonic waves in the skin of three-dimensional bulk metals, owing largely to their trait of subwavelength confinement. Plasmonic waves in two-dimensional conductors, such as semiconductor heterojunction and graphene, contrast the surface plasmonic waves on bulk metals, as the former emerge at gigahertz to terahertz and infrared frequencies well below the photonics regime and can exhibit far stronger subwavelength confinement. This review elucidates the machinery behind the unique behaviours of the two-dimensional plasmonic waves and discusses how they can be engineered to create ultra-subwavelength plasmonic circuits and metamaterials for infrared and gigahertz to terahertz integrated electronics.

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Law, M. „Nanoribbon Waveguides for Subwavelength Photonics Integration“. Science 305, Nr. 5688 (27.08.2004): 1269–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1100999.

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Sirbuly, Donald J., Matt Law, Haoquan Yan und Peidong Yang. „Semiconductor Nanowires for Subwavelength Photonics Integration“. Journal of Physical Chemistry B 109, Nr. 32 (August 2005): 15190–213. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp051813i.

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Wang, Junjia, Ivan Glesk und Lawrence R. Chen. „Subwavelength grating devices in silicon photonics“. Science Bulletin 61, Nr. 11 (Juni 2016): 879–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11434-016-1077-z.

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Dissertationen zum Thema "Subwavelength photonics"

Zhang, Jianhao. „Subwavelength engineering of silicon waveguides and cavities for nonlinear photonics“. Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLS332/document.

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Les effets Pockels de deuxième ordre et les effets Kerr de troisième ordre font partie des effets importants exploités pour la modulation de la lumière et la génération de sources dans les plateformes technologiques de la photonique intégrée. Pour tirer parti de ces non-linéarités en photonique au silicium, l'utilisation de structures optiques sub-longueurs d'onde a été explorée. Dans ce contexte, ce travail de thèse s'est concentré sur deux aspects principaux, notamment : 1) L’exploration d'un nouveau schéma de cavité photonique pour tirer profit de l'effet Pockels électro-optique dans les structures de silicium contraint pour la réalisation de modulateurs ultra-rapides à faible consommation ; 2) L’exploration d'une nouvelle famille de guides d'ondes conduisant à une satisfaction automatique des lois de conservation énergie/vecteur d’onde pour la génération de peignes de fréquence Kerr au sein des plateformes photoniques intégrées (notamment silicium).Pour améliorer les performances des modulateurs optiques Si résonants intégrés, nous avons mis au point un nouveau résonateur à cavité de Fano qui, grâce à une ingénierie sub-longueur d'onde (λ=1.55µm), a permis d'obtenir simultanément un taux d'extinction élevé (23 dB) avec un faible facteur Q de seulement 5600, et caractérisé par une très faible consommation électrique inférieure à 5 fj/bit quand on utilise l'effet de modulation par dispersion plasma des porteurs libres. Nous avons étendu la méthode à la conception d'une structure de modulation Fano en silicium contraint dont les performances souffrent traditionnellement de la faible amplitude de l'effet Pockels induit par la déformation exploitée et des pertes micro-ondes considérables dues à des composants de grande surface. Au moyen du résonateur Fano ultra-compact à structuration sub-longueur d'onde, une amélioration d'environ 200 fois/60 fois (facteurs Q de 32000/5600) du rapport d'extinction de modulation avec la même tension de commande a été théoriquement prévue. Pour améliorer l'exploitation des non-linéarités Kerr des structures silicium, nous avons proposé une nouvelle famille de guides d'ondes optiques pour satisfaire automatiquement les lois de conservation de l'énergie et du vecteur d’onde des procédés de mélange à quatre ondes (FWM). La conception de la section des guides d'ondes est basée sur un principe hérité des puits quantiques et des concepts hérités des structures sub-longueur d'onde pour la réalisation des profils d'indice particuliers. En nous basant sur ces guides d'ondes spécifiques en terme de dispersion chromatique, nous les avons appliqués à la modélisation des micro peignes de fréquence (en utilisant des résonateurs à micro anneaux) en résolvant l’équation non linéaire pertinente (Lugiato-Lefever) pour analyser de façon dynamique le processus de génération du spectre des peignes à solitons dans diverses configurations. En complément de ce modèle, les guides d'ondes sub-longueur d'onde à accord de phase automatique ont été considérés pour étendre la largeur de bande des peignes de fréquence à solitons, démontrant une largeur de bande élargie et une meilleure flexibilité dans la réalisation des peignes de fréquence relativement aux démonstrations des travaux précédents. Dans l'ensemble, l'une des caractéristiques dominantes de notre étude a été de contribuer à montrer que les structures photoniques sub-longueur d'onde pouvaient apporter des solutions concrètes aux problèmes utiles à la réalisation de fonctions non linéaires sur puce. Les nano-structures sub-longueur d’onde permettent non seulement une amélioration des circuits photoniques passifs, sujet intensivement développé depuis dix ans, mais ont également un fort potentiel pour la réalisation des fonctions actives. Cette boîte à outils de structures sub-longueur d'onde est décisive dans la pratique pour la réalisation concrète de fonctions optiques nonlinéaires intégrées, en particulier en photonique silicium
Second-order Pockels and the third-order Kerr effects are among the important effects exploited for light modulation and light generation in integrated photonic platforms. To take advantage of these nonlinearities in silicon photonics, especially due to the lack of second order effect in bulk Si, the use of subwavelength optical structures is explored. In this context, this thesis work has focused on two main aspects, including: 1) Exploration of a novel photonic cavity scheme to take benefit of the electro-optical Pockels effect in strained Si structures for the realization of ultra-fast lower-consumption compact silicon modulators; 2) Exploration of a new family of waveguides leading to an automatic satisfaction of energy/momentum conservation for the purpose of Kerr frequency comb generation in integrated photonic platforms. For improving the performances of integrated silicon resonant optical modulators, we have developed a novel Fano cavity resonator enabled by sub-wavelength engineering, leading simultaneously to high extinction ratio (23 dB) with a small Q factor of only 5600, and characterized by an ultra-low power consumption of less than 5 fj/bit when relying on the free carrier plasma dispersion effect. We have further extended the method to design a strained silicon Fano modulation structure which performances traditionally suffer from the weak amplitude of the exploited strain-induced Pockels effect and from considerable microwave losses due to large footprint components. By means of the proposed ultra-compact subwavelength structured Fano resonator, around 200-fold/60-fold (Q factor of 32000/5600) improvement on the modulation extinction ratio with the same driven voltage was theoretically predicted. For improving the exploitation of silicon Kerr nonlinearities, we have proposed a novel family of graded index optical waveguides intending to automatically fulfill the energy and momentum conservation laws of four-wave mixing processes. The design of the waveguide section is based on a principle inherited from quantum wells of wave mechanics and concepts inherited from subwavelength structures for the practical realization of the rather particular index profiles. Standing on these specific waveguides in term of light dispersion, we have applied them to the modeling of frequency micro-combs (e.g. frequency combs generated using micro-ring resonators and a CW light source) by solving the nonlinear relevant equations (Lugiato-Lefever) to dynamically analyze the soliton comb spectrum generation process in various configurations. On top of this model, the specifically automatically phase-matched sub-wavelength-enabled graded-index waveguides were considered to trim and extend the bandwidth of silicon soliton frequency combs, demonstrating enlarged bandwidth and improved spectrum design flexibility with respect to previous works. Overall, one of the dominant features of our study was to contribute to showing that sub-long wavelength photonic structures could provide concrete solutions to problems useful for the realization of on-chip non-linear functions. Subwavelength/nano structures not only benefit to passive photonic circuits which have been intensively developed in the past ten years, but also show strong potentials in the realization of active functions. This subwavelength toolbox is decisive in practice for the concrete achievement of the objectives pursued

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Rolly, Brice. „Subwavelength photonic resonators for enhancing light-matter interactions“. Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM4366.

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Les antennes optiques sont des structures qui permettent de convertir, dans les deux sens, l'énergie électromagnétique entre un faisceau lumineux et une source (ou un absorbeur) localisée en son sein. L'utilisation de résonateurs de taille inférieure à la longueur d'onde permet de réaliser cette fonction de manière efficace, sur une bande spectrale relativement étendue, et d'avoir une antenne compacte.La bonne connaissance des propriétés optiques de ces résonateurs, pris séparément, et de leurs couplages entre eux, est nécessaire pour pouvoir proposer des designs d'antenne efficaces.Dans cette thèse, en se basant sur la décomposition multipolaire des champs et sur la méthode de la matrice-T, on obtient des solutions analytiques rigoureuses pour des résonateurs sphériques et homogènes, dont on tire des modèles simplifiés, intuitifs, et proches de la solution exacte des équations de Maxwell.Entre autre résultats, ces modèles nous ont permis de proposer un design d'antenne optique compacte, directive, à taux de désexcitation et rendement quantique élevés en utilisant une structure hybride métal-diélectrique. Des collaborations avec des expérimentateurs ont permis de valider, d'une part les caractéristiques de chromophores auto-assemblés par ADN (S. Bidault à Paris), et d'autre part, la possibilité d'utiliser plusieurs résonances électriques et magnétiques combinées (supportées par des sphères diélectriques d'indice modéré, n=2,45) pour réfléchir ou bien collecter le rayonnement d'un émetteur dipôle électrique placé à proximité (expérience menée dans le régime micro-ondes par R. Abdeddaim et J-M. Geffrin)
Optical antennas are structures able to convert, in both ways, electromagnetic energy between a light beam and a source (or absorber) placed in the structure. The use of sub-wavelength resonators enables one to realize this function in an efficient way, on relatively broad bandwidths, and to have a compact design. A good understanding of the optical properties of such resonators, taken individually, and of their couplings, is thus necessary in order to propose efficient optical antenna designs. In this manuscript, using a multipole decomposition of the fields and a T-matrix method, we obtain rigorous analytical solutions for spherical, homogeneous resonators, from which we deduce simplified, intuitive models that are still very close to the exact resolution of the Maxwell equations.Among other results, those models enabled us to propose a nanoantenna design that is at once compact, radiative and efficient, by using a hybrid metallo-dielectric structure. Some collaborations with experimental groups enabled us to validate, on the one hand, the optical characteristics of hybrid chromophores that are self-assembled using a DNA template (S. Bidault, Paris), and on the other hand, the possibility of using multiple combined electric and magnetic resonances (supported by dielectric spheres of moderate refractive index, n=2.45) in order to reflect, or more importantly collect, radiation coming from an electric dipole emitter placed nearby (the experiment was realized in the microwave regime by R. Abdeddaim and J-M. Geffrin)

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Wadsworth, Samuel Lanning. „Multilayered planar periodic subwavelength microstructures for generating and detecting circularly polarized thermal infrared radiation“. Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2011. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/5075.

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Generation and detection of circularly-polarized (CP) radiation in the 8- to 12-micrometers] band of the infrared (IR) spectrum is crucial for polarization sensing and imaging scenarios. There is very little naturally occurring CP radiation in the long-wave IR band, so that useful functionalities may be obtained by exploiting preferential radiation and transmission characteristics of engineered metamaterials. Conventional CP devices in the IR utilize birefringent crystals, which are typically bulky and expensive to manufacture. The operation of these devices is generally optimized at a single wavelength. Imaging in the long-wave IR is most often broadband, so that achromatic CP-device behavior is highly desirable from a flux-transfer viewpoint. Also, size, weight and cost are significant drivers in the design of practical IR systems. Thus a solution is sought with a convenient thin planar form factor. This dissertation will demonstrate a novel planar periodic subwavelength-microstructured approach derived from classical radiofrequency meanderline designs that are able to generate CP radiation over a broad IR band while maintaining a low fabrication profile. We investigate issues regarding efficiency as a function of the number of layers in the device structure; reflective, transmissive, and emissive behavior; strategies for broadband achromatization; and thermal-isolation requirements between the active blackbody reservoir and the top of the planar device, to achieve a given degree of polarization. Theoretical, numerical, and experimental findings are presented that confirm the feasibility of this class of devices for use in a wide variety of situations, from polarization imaging and spectroscopy to industrial laser processing and machining.
ID: 030422966; System requirements: World Wide Web browser and PDF reader.; Mode of access: World Wide Web.; Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Central Florida, 2011.; Includes bibliographical references (p. 169-181).
Ph.D.
Doctorate
Optics and Photonics

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Fievre, Ange Marie P. „Uniquely Identifiable Tamper-Evident Device Using Coupling between Subwavelength Gratings“. FIU Digital Commons, 2015. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/1762.

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Reliability and sensitive information protection are critical aspects of integrated circuits. A novel technique using near-field evanescent wave coupling from two subwavelength gratings (SWGs), with the input laser source delivered through an optical fiber is presented for tamper evidence of electronic components. The first grating of the pair of coupled subwavelength gratings (CSWGs) was milled directly on the output facet of the silica fiber using focused ion beam (FIB) etching. The second grating was patterned using e-beam lithography and etched into a glass substrate using reactive ion etching (RIE). The slightest intrusion attempt would separate the CSWGs and eliminate near-field coupling between the gratings. Tampering, therefore, would become evident. Computer simulations guided the design for optimal operation of the security solution. The physical dimensions of the SWGs, i.e. period and thickness, were optimized, for a 650 nm illuminating wavelength. The optimal dimensions resulted in a 560 nm grating period for the first grating etched in the silica optical fiber and 420 nm for the second grating etched in borosilicate glass. The incident light beam had a half-width at half-maximum (HWHM) of at least 7 µm to allow discernible higher transmission orders, and a HWHM of 28 µm for minimum noise. The minimum number of individual grating lines present on the optical fiber facet was identified as 15 lines. Grating rotation due to the cylindrical geometry of the fiber resulted in a rotation of the far-field pattern, corresponding to the rotation angle of moiré fringes. With the goal of later adding authentication to tamper evidence, the concept of CSWGs signature was also modeled by introducing random and planned variations in the glass grating. The fiber was placed on a stage supported by a nanomanipulator, which permitted three-dimensional displacement while maintaining the fiber tip normal to the surface of the glass substrate. A 650 nm diode laser was fixed to a translation mount that transmitted the light source through the optical fiber, and the output intensity was measured using a silicon photodiode. The evanescent wave coupling output results for the CSWGs were measured and compared to the simulation results.

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Mazuir, Clarisse. „Design, fabrication, and testing of high-transparency deep ultra-violet contacts using surface plasmon coupling in subwavelength aluminum meshes“. Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2011. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/4979.

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The present work aims at enhancing the external quantum efficiencies of ultra-violet (UV) sensitive photodetectors (PDs) and light emitting diodes (LEDs)for any light polarization. Deep UV solid state devices are made out of AlGaN or MgZnO and their performances suffer from the high resistivity of their p-doped regions. They require transparent p-contacts; yet the most commonly used transparent contacts have low transmission in the UV: indium tin oxide (ITO) and nickel-gold (Ni/Au 5/5 nms) transmit less than 50% and 30% respectively at 300 nm. Here we investigate the use of surface plasmons (SPs) to design transparent p-contacts for AlGaN devices in the deep UV region of the spectrum. The appeal of using surface plasmon coupling arose from the local electromagnetic field enhancement near the metal surface as well as the increase in interaction time between the field and semiconductor if placed on top of a semiconductor. An in/out-coupling mechanism is achieved by using a grating consisting of two perpendicularly oriented sets of parallel aluminum lines with periods as low as 250 nm. The incident light is first coupled into SPs at the air/aluminum interface which then re-radiate at the aluminum/AlGaN interface and the photons energy is transferred to SP polaritons (SPPs) and back to photons. High transmission can be achieved not only at normal incidence but for a wider range of incident angles. A finite difference time domain (FDTD) package from R-Soft was used to simulate and design such aluminum gratings with transparency as high as 100% with tunable peak wavelength, bandwidth and angular acceptance. A rigorous coupled wave analysis (RCWA) was developed in Matlab to validate the FDTD results. The high UV transparency meshes were then fabricated using an e-beam assisted lithography lift-off process. Their electrical and optical properties were investigated. The electrical characterization was very encouraging; the sheet resistances of these meshes were lower than those of the conventionally used transparent contacts. The optical transmissions were lower than expected and the causes for the lower measurements have been investigated. The aluminum oxidation, the large metal grain size and the line edge roughness were identified as the main factors of inconsistency and solutions are proposed to improve these shortcomings. The effect of aluminum oxidation was calculated and the passivation of aluminum with SiO[sub2] was evaluated as a solution. A cold deposition of aluminum reduced the aluminum grain size from 60 nm to 20 nm and the roughness from 5 nm to 0.5 nm. Furthermore, replacing the conventional lift-off process by a dry back-etch process led to much smoother metal line edges and much high optical transparency. The optical measurements were consistent with the simulations. Therefore, reduced roughness and smooth metal line edges were found to be especially critical considerations for deep UV application of the meshes.
ID: 029810223; System requirements: World Wide Web browser and PDF reader.; Mode of access: World Wide Web.; Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Central Florida, 2011.; Includes bibliographical references (p. 140-145).
Ph.D.
Doctorate
Optics and Photonics

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Nuño, ruano Paula. „Optomechanical silicon metamaterials for Brillouin-based devices“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UPAST122.

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La photonique au silicium suscite un immense intérêt dans la recherche fondamentale et le développement technologique et commercial en raison de sa compatibilité avec les techniques de fabrication et de traitement standard de l'industrie électronique. Traditionnellement développée pour les applications de télécommunication de données, la photonique au silicium explore aujourd'hui d'autres domaines, tels que le traitement des signaux sur puce, la détection, les communications entre la puce et l'espace libre, et même l'informatique quantiques. Ce large éventail d'applications est possible grâce à de nouveaux phénomènes physiques. Dans ce contexte, la diffusion Brillouin apparaît comme un outil prometteur pour la prochaine génération de circuits intégrés. Cette interaction non linéaire entre la lumière et les modes mécaniques d'une structure couple des photons optiques (dans le régime THz) avec des phonons MHz et GHz, ce qui permet une conversion de fréquence très efficace. Cette propriété est essentielle pour le traitement des signaux micro-ondes et la transduction quantique entre les qubits supraconducteurs et les fibres optiques. Ces deux technologies devraient révolutionner les télécommunications au cours des prochaines décennies. Depuis le début des années 2000, de nouvelles conceptions intégrées permettant un fort couplage optomécanique ont fait l'objet d'une recherche active. En raison de leur petite taille, du confinement étroit de la lumière et de l'interaction optique importante avec les limites de la structure, ces nouvelles géométries promettent une réponse optomécanique exceptionnelle. Nous contribuons à cet effort en utilisant des structures sub-longueur d'onde pour maximiser l'effet Brillouin en exploitant le contrôle indépendant des modes optiques et mécaniques. Les structures sub-longueur d'onde, c'est-à-dire les géométries périodiques dont le pas est inférieur à la moitié de la longueur d'onde optique, offrent un contrôle unique de la propagation de la lumière, de l'anisotropie et de l'ingénierie des modes optiques. Grâce à de récents développements dans les installations de fabrication, ces structures promettent une nouvelle génération de dispositifs compacts en silicium sur isolant dotés de capacités inédites sans incorporer de nouveaux matériaux
Silicon photonics attracts immense interest in fundamental research and technological and commercial development due to its compatibility with the electronics industry's standard fabrication and processing techniques. Traditionally developed for datacom applications, nowadays, silicon photonics is exploring more fields, such as on-chip signal processing, sensing, on-chip to free-space communications, and even quantum information and computing. This wide range of applications is possible thanks to novel physical phenomena. In this context, Brillouin scattering emerges as a promising tool for the next generation of integrated circuits. This nonlinear interaction between light and mechanical modes of a structure couples optical photons (in the THz regime) with MHz- and GHz-phonons, allowing a very efficient frequency conversion. This property is critical for microwave signal processing and quantum transduction between superconducting qubits and optical fibres. These two technologies are set to revolutionise telecommunications in the coming decades. Novel integrated designs yielding strong optomechanical coupling have been an active research field since the early 2000s. Due to their small size, tight light confinement, and large optical interaction with the structure boundaries, these new geometries promise an exceptional optomechanical response. We contribute to this effort by utilising subwavelength structures to maximise the Brillouin effect by harnessing independent control over optical and mechanical modes. Subwavelength structures, i.e., periodic geometries with a pitch smaller than half the optical wavelength, offer unique control of light propagation, anisotropy, and optical mode engineering. Thanks to recent developments in fabrication facilities, these structures promise a new generation of silicon-on-insulator compact devices with novel capabilities without incorporating new materials

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Lou, Fei. „Design, fabrication and characterization of plasmonic components based on silicon nanowire platform“. Doctoral thesis, KTH, Optik och Fotonik, OFO, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-143953.

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Optical interconnects based on CMOS compatible photonic integrated circuits are regarded as a promising technique to tackle the issues traditional electronics faces, such as limited bandwidth, latency, vast energy consumption and so on. In recent years, plasmonic integrated components have gained great attentions due to the properties of nano-scale confinement, which may potentially bridge the size mismatch between photonic and electronic circuits. Based on silicon nanowire platform, this thesis work studies the design, fabrication and characterization of several integrated plasmonic components, aiming to combine the benefits of Si and plasmonics. The basic theories of surface plasmon polaritons are introduced in the beginning, where we explain the physics behind the diffraction-free confinement. Numerical methods frequently used in the thesis including finite-difference time-domain method and finite-element method are then reviewed. We summarize the device fabrication techniques such as film depositions, e-beam lithography and inductively coupled plasma etching as well as characterization methods, such as direct measurement method, butt coupling, grating coupling etc. Fabrication results of an optically tunable silicon-on-insulator microdisk and III-V cavities in applications as light sources for future nanophotonics interconnects are briefly discussed. Afterwards we present in details the experimental demonstrations and novel design of plasmonic components. Hybrid plasmonic waveguides and directional couplers with various splitting ratios are firstly experimentally demonstrated. The coupling length of two 170 nm wide waveguides with a separation of 140 nm is only 1.55 µm. Secondly, an ultracompact polarization beam splitter with a footprint of 2×5.1 μm2 is proposed. The device features an extinction ratio of 12 dB and an insertion loss below 1.5 dB in the entire C-band. Thirdly, we show that plasmonics offer decreased bending losses and enhanced Purcell factor for submicron bends. Novel hybrid plasmonic disk, ring and donut resonators with radii of ~ 0.5 μm and 1 μm are experimentally demonstrated for the first time. The Q-factor of disks with 0.5 μm radii are , corresponding to Purcell factors of . Thermal tuning is also presented. Fourthly, we propose a design of electro-optic polymer modulator based on plasmonic microring. The figure of merit characterizing modulation efficiency is 6 times better comparing with corresponding silicon slot polymer modulator. The device exhibits an insertion loss below 1 dB and a power consumption of 5 fJ/bit at 100 GHz. At last, we propose a tightly-confined waveguide and show that the radius of disk resonators based on the proposed waveguide can be shrunk below 60 nm, which may be used to pursue a strong light-matter interaction. The presented here novel components confirm that hybrid plasmonic structures can play an important role in future inter- and intra-core computer communication systems.

QC 20140404

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Ye, Erika. „Periodic subwavelength photonic structures“. Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/111287.

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Thesis: M. Eng., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2015.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 110-117).
Three applications of the interaction of light with periodic dielectric structures are investigated. The first application is large-area spectroscopy, for which we use the mid-field diffraction pattern generated by the light source passing through a transmission grating to determine its spectral composition. By utilizing a large grating size, we are able to achieve resolutions of < 4 nm experimental while having an etendue of roughly 0.033 mm2. Furthermore, since we are sampling the mid-field light pattern as opposed to the farfield, the entire spectrometer can fit within a 10 mm by 10 mm by 5 mm volume. The second application are barcodes based on the wavelength-dependent back-scattering off of a photonic crystal resonant cavity. The challenge is that we want to observe high quality factor resonant peaks while reducing the size of the crystal to less than 10 microns. So far the highest quality factor observed was about 800. The third application is a Fano silicon photonic crystal modulator waveguide device. The resonant cavity of the modulator is a 1D photonic crystal cavity. If we excite the fundamental and first excited mode of the waveguide, we obtain a Fano resonance that can potentially increase modulation depth and efficiency. We investigated how to improve the modulator architecture to reliably design resonators with sharp Fano resonance peaks. Those these applications are still in their early stages, the are promising for furthering each technology.
by Erika Ye.
M. Eng.

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Lombardo, David. „Design and Fabrication of Suspended Waveguides With Photonic Grating Structures“. University of Dayton / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=dayton1591796311145344.

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Nikkhah, Hamdam. „Enhancing the Performance of Si Photonics: Structure-Property Relations and Engineered Dispersion Relations“. Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/37144.

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The widespread adoption of photonic circuits requires the economics of volume manufacturing offered by integration technology. A Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor compatible silicon material platform is particularly attractive because it leverages the huge investment that has been made in silicon electronics and its high index contrast enables tight confinement of light which decreases component footprint and energy consumption. Nevertheless, there remain challenges to the development of photonic integrated circuits. Although the density of integration is advancing steady and the integration of the principal components – waveguides, optical sources and amplifiers, modulators, and photodetectors – have all been demonstrated, the integration density is low and the device library far from complete. The integration density is low primarily because of the difficulty of confining light in structures small compared to the wavelength which measured in micrometers. The device library is incomplete because of the immaturity of hybridisation on silicon of other materials required by active devices such as III-V semiconductor alloys and ferroelectric oxides and the difficulty of controlling the coupling of light between disparate material platforms. Metamaterials are nanocomposite materials which have optical properties not readily found in Nature that are defined as much by their geometry as their constituent materials. This offers the prospect of the engineering of materials to achieve integrated components with enhanced functionality. Metamaterials are a class of photonic crystals includes subwavelength grating waveguides, which have already provided breakthroughs in component performance yet require a simpler fabrication process compatible with current minimum feature size limitations. The research reported in this PhD thesis advances our understanding of the structure-property relations of key planar light circuit components and the metamaterial engineering of these properties. The analysis and simulation of components featuring structures that are only just subwavelength is complicated and consumes large computer resources especially when a three dimensional analysis of components structured over a scale larger than the wavelength is desired. This obstructs the iterative design-simulate cycle. An abstraction is required that summarises the properties of the metamaterial pertinent to the larger scale while neglecting the microscopic detail. That abstraction is known as homogenisation. It is possible to extend homogenisation from the long-wavelength limit up to the Bragg resonance (band edge). It is found that a metamaterial waveguide is accurately modeled as a continuous medium waveguide provided proper account is taken of the emergent properties of the homogenised metamaterial. A homogenised subwavelength grating waveguide structure behaves as a strongly anisotropic and spatially dispersive material with a c-axis normal to the layers of a one dimensional multi-layer structure (Kronig-Penney) or along the axis of uniformity for a two dimensional photonic crystal in three dimensional structure. Issues with boundary effects in the near Bragg resonance subwavelength are avoided either by ensuring the averaging is over an extensive path parallel to boundary or the sharp boundary is removed by graded structures. A procedure is described that enables the local homogenised index of a graded structure to be determined. These finding are confirmed by simulations and experiments on test circuits composed of Mach-Zehnder interferometers and individual components composed of regular nanostructured waveguide segments with different lengths and widths; and graded adiabatic waveguide tapers. The test chip included Lüneburg micro-lenses, which have application to Fourier optics on a chip. The measured loss of each lens is 0.72 dB. Photonic integrated circuits featuring a network of waveguides, modulators and couplers are important to applications in RF photonics, optical communications and quantum optics. Modal phase error is one of the significant limitations to the scaling of multimode interference coupler port dimension. Multimode interference couplers rely on the Talbot effect and offer the best in-class performance. Anisotropy helps reduce the Talbot length but temporal and spatial dispersion is necessary to control the modal phase error and wavelength dependence of the Talbot length. The Talbot effect in a Kronig-Penny metamaterial is analysed. It is shown that the metamaterial may be engineered to provide a close approximation to the parabolic dispersion relation required by the Talbot effect for perfect imaging. These findings are then applied to the multimode region and access waveguide tapers of a multi-slotted waveguide multimode interference coupler with slots either in the transverse direction or longitudinal direction. A novel polarisation beam splitter exploiting the anisotropy provided by a longitudinally slotted structure is demonstrated by simulation. The thesis describes the design, verification by simulation and layout of a photonic integrated circuit containing metamaterial waveguide test structures. The test and measurement of the fabricated chip and the analysis of the data is described in detail. The experimental results show good agreement with the theory, with the expected errors due to fabrication process limitations. From the Scanning Electron Microscope images and the measurements, it is clear that at the boundary of the minimum feature size limit, the error increases but still the devices can function.

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Bücher zum Thema "Subwavelength photonics"

Basu, Prasanta Kumar, Bratati Mukhopadhyay und Rikmantra Basu. Semiconductor Nanophotonics. Oxford University PressOxford, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198784692.001.0001.

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Abstract Nanometre sized structures made of semiconductors, insulators and metals and grown by modern growth technologies or by chemical synthesis exhibit novel electronic and optical phenomena due to confinement of electrons and photons. Strong interactions between electrons and photons in narrow regions lead to inhibited spontaneous emission, thresholdless laser operation, and Bose Einstein condensation of exciton-polaritons in microcavities. Generation of sub-wavelength radiation by surface Plasmon-polaritons at metal-semiconductor interfaces, creation of photonic band gap in dielectrics, and realization of nanometer sized semiconductor or insulator structures with negative permittivity and permeability, known as metamaterials, are further examples in the area of nanophotonics. The studies help develop Spasers and plasmonic nanolasers of subwavelength dimensions, paving the way to use plasmonics in future data centres and high speed computers working at THz bandwidth with less than a few fJ/bit dissipation. The present book intends to serveas a textbook for graduate students and researchers intending to have introductory ideas of semiconductor nanophotonics. It gives an introduction to electron-photon interactions in quantum wells, wires and dots and then discusses the processes in microcavities, photonic band gaps and metamaterials and related applications. The phenomena and device applications under strong light-matter interactions are discussed by mostly using classical and semi-classical theories. Numerous examples and problems accompany each chapter.

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Buchteile zum Thema "Subwavelength photonics"

Tsang, Hon Ki, Xia Chen, Zhenzhou Cheng, Wen Zhou und Yeyu Tong. „Subwavelength Silicon Photonics“. In Topics in Applied Physics, 285–321. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-68222-4_6.

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Minin, Igor, und Oleg Minin. „Subwavelength Focusing Properties of Diffractive Photonic Crystal Lens“. In SpringerBriefs in Physics, 21–30. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-24253-8_3.

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Luo, Chiyan, und John D. Joannopoulos. „Negative Refraction and Subwavelength Imaging in Photonic Crystals“. In Negative-Refraction Metamaterials, 269–312. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/0471744751.ch7.

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Ozbay, Ekmel, und Gonca Ozkan. „Negative Refraction and Subwavelength Focusing in Two-Dimensional Photonic Crystals“. In Physics of Negative Refraction and Negative Index Materials, 149–65. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-72132-1_6.

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Xing, Xiaobo, Huaqing Yu, Debin Zhu, Jiapeng Zheng, Huang Chen, Wei Chen und Jiye Cai. „Subwavelength and Nanometer Diameter Optical Polymer Fibers as Building Blocks for Miniaturized Photonics Integration“. In Optical Communication. InTech, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/47822.

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Radamson, Henry, und Lars Thylén. „Complementing Silicon With Other Materials for Light Emission, Efficient Light Modulation and Subwavelength Light Confinement“. In Monolithic Nanoscale Photonics–Electronics Integration in Silicon and Other Group IV Elements, 151–68. Elsevier, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-419975-0.00005-2.

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Osgood, Richard M., Jerry Icban Dadap und Nicolae C. Panoiu. „Nonlinear optical phenomena in subwavelength photonic nanowires“. In Fundamentals and Applications of Nonlinear Nanophotonics, 289–355. Elsevier, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-323-90614-2.00008-0.

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„Artificial Media: Subwavelength Scale Optical Properties“. In Encyclopedia of Optical and Photonic Engineering, Second Edition, 1–9. CRC Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1081/e-eoe2-120009537.

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Benisty, Henri, Jean-Jacques Greffet und Philippe Lalanne. „Localized surface plasmons“. In Introduction to Nanophotonics, 387–406. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198786139.003.0014.

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Plasmonic-based nanostructures are of considerable interest because of their unique capability of confining light at a deep subwavelength scale, something that cannot be achieved with conventional lenses in 2D and photonic microcavities in 3D which are diffraction-limited. This feature can be used to perform near-field imaging beyond the diffraction limit, to implement nanoscale light sources, enhance the capacity of data storage devices or guide light at nanoscale to name a few examples. The confinement of light comes with another important property: the enhancement of the field. We introduce the main figure of merits of nanoparticle and discuss how they can be designed to control localized electromagnetic resonances at nanoscale.

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Konferenzberichte zum Thema "Subwavelength photonics"

Arnold, Kellen P., Joshua A. Allen, Sami I. Halimi, Landen D. Ryder, Francis O. Afzal, Yusheng Bian, Abdelsalam Aboketaf et al. „Subwavelength-engineered Antislot Photonic Crystals in a Silicon Photonics Foundry for On-chip Communications“. In CLEO: Science and Innovations, STh4P.2. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cleo_si.2024.sth4p.2.

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We report scalable foundry fabrication and characterization of photonic crystal nanobeam waveguides incorporating subwavelength-scale dielectric antislot unit cells. This work enables enhanced light-matter interaction and three-fold improvement in VπL when incorporated in Mach-Zehnder modulators.

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Xie, Luyao, und Lawrence R. Chen. „Optical Delay in Subwavelength Grating Waveguides Operating Near the Bandgap“. In Integrated Photonics Research, Silicon and Nanophotonics, IM4G.4. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/iprsn.2024.im4g.4.

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Zhai, Tingting, Binbin Wang, Kuan-Ting Wu, Jinbong Seok, Sera Kim, Wei-Yen Woon, Remi Vincent, Heejun Yang und Rafael Salas-Montiel. „Subwavelength plasmonic-enhanced graphene-hBN-graphene silicon modulator“. In Integrated Photonics Research, Silicon and Nanophotonics. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/iprsn.2022.iw4b.1.

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We demonstrate a high-performance subwavelength scale plasmonic enhanced graphene/hexagonal boron nitride/graphene-based silicon electro-optic modulator, enabling low energy consumption for applications in communications, nonlinear photonics, and photonic neuromorphic networks.

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Arnold, Kellen P., Joshua A. Allen, Sami I. Halimi, Landen D. Ryder, Francis O. Afzal, Yusheng Bian, Abdelsalam Aboketaf et al. „Deep Subwavelength Slotted Photonic Crystals Fabricated in a Monolithic Silicon Photonics Technology“. In CLEO: Applications and Technology. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cleo_at.2023.am4m.6.

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We report deep subwavelength-engineered slotted photonic crystal nanobeams with minimum features <70 nm fabricated using a 90 nm monolithic silicon photonics technology at GlobalFoundries. This work enables potential for scalable, advanced integrated photonics applications.

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Cunningham, Brian T. „Subwavelength Photonics for Biosensing“. In Integrated Photonics Research, Silicon and Nanophotonics. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/iprsn.2012.iw4c.1.

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Cheben, Pavel. „Subwavelength silicon photonics (Conference Presentation)“. In Smart Photonic and Optoelectronic Integrated Circuits XXI, herausgegeben von El-Hang Lee und Sailing He. SPIE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2506428.

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Halir, R., J. M. Luque-Gonzalez, A. Sanchez-Postigo, J. Leuermann, A. Hadij-ElHouati, D. Pereira-Martin, J. de-Oliva-Rubio et al. „Subwavelength silicon photonics : Keynote presentation“. In 2020 Photonics North (PN). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pn50013.2020.9166943.

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Schmid, J. H., P. Cheben, D. X. Xu, S. Janz, J. Lapointe, M. Rahim, S. Wang et al. „Subwavelength engineering in silicon photonics“. In 2016 Progress in Electromagnetic Research Symposium (PIERS). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/piers.2016.7734470.

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Molina-Fernández, Iñigo, Abdelfettah Hadij-Elhouati, José Manuel Luque-González, Daniel Pereira, Alejandro Sánchez Postigo, Gonzalo Wangüenmert-Perez, Alejandro Ortega-Moñux et al. „Subwavelength grating silicon photonic devices“. In Silicon Photonics XVI, herausgegeben von Graham T. Reed und Andrew P. Knights. SPIE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2577455.

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Cheben, Pavel, P. J. Bock, J. H. Schmid, J. Lapointe, S. Janz, D. x. Xu, A. Densmore, A. Delâge, B. Lamontagne und T. j. Hall. „Subwavelength Silicon Nanophotonics“. In Latin America Optics and Photonics Conference. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/laop.2010.wi1.

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Berichte der Organisationen zum Thema "Subwavelength photonics"

Zia, Rashid, und Jonathan A. Kurvits. PECASE: Resonantly-Enhanced Lanthanide Emitters for Subwavelength-Scale, Active Photonics. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, März 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ad1003197.

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Jain, Aditya. Photonic molecules for subwavelength light confinement design and applications. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), Dezember 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1417977.

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