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1
Wallin, Fredrik. „Distributed Communication for Streetlight Systems : A decentralized solution“. Thesis, KTH, Skolan för informations- och kommunikationsteknik (ICT), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-191133.
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Streetlights are usually lit during all dark hours even though vehicles or other objects are not using the road. Instead of wasting energy on keeping the streetlights lit when no vehicles are using the road, the streetlights should be lit whenever vehicles are in proximity of the streetlights and turned off otherwise. A distributed network can be used to handle the communication between streetlights for sharing information about vehicles in proximity. There are streetlight systems that adapt from the environment and handles communication but are still not optimized for country roads with low frequency of vehicles. Therefore, distributed communication for streetlight systems is implemented, by letting the streetlights be a part of a distributed system. Each streetlight is represented with a Zolertia RE-Mote, a sensor for detecting objects and an LED. The representation of the streetlights are wirelessly connected as a mesh network where they can communicate with each other and forward data packets to nodes more far away in the network. The concept of having the streetlights in a distributed system is believed to work and can be considered to be applied on streetlights at country roads to save energy.Gatlyktor är oftast tända under alla timmar då det är mörkt ute, även fast det inte är något fordon eller annat objekt som använder vägen. Istället för att slösa energi på att ha gatlyktorna tända när det inte är några fordon som använder vägen, bör gatlyktorna vara tända när fordon är i närheten av dem och släckta annars. Ett distribuerat nätverk kan användas för att hantera kommunikationen mellan gatlyktor till att dela information om fordon i närheten. Det finns gatlyktsystem som anpassar efter miljön och hanterar kommunikationen, men är inte optimerat för landsvägar med låg trafik. Därför är distribuerad kommunikation för gatlyktsystem implementerat genom att låta gatlyktorna vara en del av ett distribuerat system. Varje gatlykta är representerad med en Zolertia RE-Mote, en sensor för detektering av objekt och en LED. Representationen är trådlöst kopplat som ett meshnätverk där de kan kommunicera med varandra och skicka vidare datapaket till noder längre bort i nätverket. Konceptet att ha gatlyktorna i ett distribuerat system tros fungera och kan tänkas att appliceras på gatlyktor på landsvägar för att spara energi.
2
Glenn, Johnathan James. „An automated imaging system for road lighting quality assessment“. Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.322733.
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3
Novák, Filip. „Využití jasového analyzátoru pro kvantifikaci umělého světla v nočním prostředí“. Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-442543.
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This diploma thesis deals with obtrusive light and its measurement, especially with the help of luminance analyzers. In particular, the necessary theoretical basis for the design of a measuring methodology for obtrusive light or veil brightness of the sky is laid here. This mainly includes the division of obtrusive light and its manifestations, a description of the effects of obtrusive light on the environment, selected organisms and the human body. Also described herein are the biological mechanisms of the human body that are affected by light as such. Attention is also paid to streetlights, its classification and methods of reducing obtrusive light, as well as methods of measuring brightness and brightness analyzers. Last but not least, the night sky is also measured using the LumiDISP luminance analyzer and subsequent data are evaluated using the proposed method.
4
McCarthy, Tom. „Automatiserad gatubelysning baserad på omgivningens ljusstyrka : Hur ljussensorteknik kan minska energianvändningen för utomhusbelysning“. Thesis, KTH, Hälsoinformatik och logistik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-302562.
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Målet med arbetet var att undersöka hur enskilda gatlyktor skulle kunna utrustas med ljussensorteknik för att implementera automatisk dimring med syftet att sänka energianvändningen. Rapporter visar att väg- och gatubelysningen i Sverige stod för 626 GWh år 2016 samt att en stor del av ljuspunkterna fortfarande består av energikrävande högtrycksnatrium. Uppgifter visar även att energisnåla LED-armaturer blir alltmer förekommande som alternativ till högtryckslampor. Målet var att utveckla en prototyp för LED där funktionen bygger på att lysdioderna ska vara släckta när omgivningens ljusstyrka är hög och dynamisk dimras upp när omgivningens ljusstyrka minskar. Arbetet resulterade i en prototyp som fungerar tillfredsställande och efter uppsatta mål. Varje ljussensor läser in ett analogt mätvärde som tolkas av en mikrokontroller som sedan skickar en pulsbreddsmodulerad signal för styrning av lysdiodens belysningsnivå. Generellt visade arbetet att omfattande fortsatta studier behöver göras innan prototypen skulle kunna implementeras i verkligheten. Prototypen behöver även testas och kalibreras i utomhusmiljö med dagsljus.The goal of this thesis was to investigate how individual streetlights could be equipped with light sensor technology to apply an automatic dimmer function with the purpose of reducing energy usage. Studies show that road and streetlights in Sweden accounted for 626 GWh during the year 2016 and that a large portion of the lights still consists of energy demanding high pressure sodium lamps. Reports also show that energy efficient LED is becoming more and more common as an alternative to high pressure lamps. The goal was to develop a prototype for LED lighting with the function to control the LED’s to be off when the surrounding light levels are high and to dynamically increase the output power when the surroundings light level go down. Each light sensor reads an analog value which is interpreted by a micro controller that sends a pulse width modulated signal to control the LED power output. The finished prototype worked satisfactory and according to the set goals of the thesis. Generally, the thesis showed that extensive research is needed before the prototype could be implemented in real life. The prototype also needs to be tested and calibrated in an outdoor environment with day light.
5
Weng, Hua-xiu, und 翁花秀. „Optical Lens Design for LED Streetlight“. Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/19890276965900852143.
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碩士國立臺南大學
通訊工程研究所碩士班
99
In this paper, we proposed and designed the lens for light emitting diode (LED) street lights by optical designing software Trace Pro which provided a platform for us to comprehend how the rays go forward through lens and roadway simulation software dialux, where dialux software is used to assess the average dialux lighting and uniformity. Many LED street lamps used matrix array, which has many disadvantage like circuit design problems. We used multi-chip on lead frame, that is, single module high power LED (140W) package design, which can reduce size of streetlight, lessen the complexity for lens'' designing and reduce cost. We probe three kinds of lens to compare the light intensity far field angle and illumination. With the basis of optical design and LED lights can achieve high output efficiency until 0.857; high uniformity from 0.587 to 0.753, the average illumination from 19 lx to 21 lx and approach of batwing far field beam angle distribution can be achieved.
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SYU, YI-CHIEH, und 許逸傑. „Realization Study of Photovoltaic LED Streetlight Driver“. Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/42764806464392723825.
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碩士中原大學
電機工程研究所
101
This thesis aims to combine photovoltaic (PV) charging system with an LLC resonant converter to achieve PV LED Street-lighting system without electrolytic capacitors. In control, the study using digital controller MCU to replace hardware components successfully attains digital control for maximum power point tracking (MPPT), battery management and lighting control. Based on the concept of energy saving, the system function and efficiency in study are considered from the PV panels through MPPT and battery charging management to the design of LLC converter. Finally, a prototype of 50W PV LED street-light without electrolytic capacitors is conducted to evaluate the LED output luminance and verify the LLC performance compared with the theoretical analysis.
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Tsai, Ming-Jiun, und 蔡名峻. „Energy-saving Control System for LED Streetlight“. Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/40998610020810829178.
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碩士國立高雄應用科技大學
電機工程系博碩士班
103
Nowadays, with the environmental problems such as imminent exhaustion of fossil energy and increasingly serious global warming make the concept of environmental protection about energy conservation, and carbon emission reduction has been taken seriously, and many energy-saving systems have been proposed in various fields with the trend of energy conservation and carbon emission reduction. Furthermore, there are a lot of energy-saving technologies and patents of "road lighting", which are closely linked with people's daily life. In order to achieve the goal such as energy conservation and carbon emission reduction, those technologies and patents recommend reducing unnecessary power consumption by adjusting the brightness of streetlight. However, most of energy-saving streetlight systems merely focus on their energy-saving function, but neglect the optimal opportunity of using ofenergy-saving streetlight system, even ignore the problem that the energy-saving streetlight system may cause driver or road user to produce a phenomenon of visual fatigue, which may further lead to a traffic accident. In order to mitigate the foregoing disadvantages, this thesis constructs an LED streetlight control system that not only achieves energy conservation, carbon emission reduction, and environmental protection but also considers the traffic safety of drivers and road users. This system also makes the energy-saving streetlight work at the appropriate time to extend the life of streetlight and control system.
8
LAI, YI-LING, und 賴怡伶. „The Study of Smart Streetlight Cybersecurity Capability“. Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/jrr6x3.
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碩士銘傳大學
資訊管理學系碩士在職專班
107
In response to the need to develop smart cities, besides general lighting, types of streetlights have other different functions in various application fields, including transportation, environment, and public safety. In other words, based on its distribution and density, streetlights have become important infrastructure of the IoT applications for the smart city. However, along come many potential security risks that might have huge impacts. Thus, it is imperative to formulate Smart Lighting network security requirements for the related industries to follow and prevent forthcoming problems. Recently, there have been quite a few hacker attacks in the smart city of the IoT application in the world. In order to prevent our country's Smart Lighting from cyber-attacks, causing the city to stop operating or become paralyzed, under the definition of the Smart Lighting System, utilizing Smart Lighting gateway, attached equipment and back-end server as the core of network security, this study is aimed to formulate network security requirements for Smart Lighting System from the perspective of IoT device security and to assist related businesses to enhance the network security capabilities of Smart Lighting system. This study adopts the Vulnerability Assessment Method to establish the Threat Model of the Smart Lighting System. By using precautionary measures issued by the International Standards Organization that target security incidents, such as vulnerabilities and cyber-attacks for security incidents, the Threat Mitigation of the Smart Lighting System is summarized and the Smart Lighting System network security requirements are proposed. Using focus group method, experts are interviewed to address the issue whether the Smart Lighting System network security requirements proposed in this study are sufficient enough to enhance the network security capability of the Smart Lighting System. Afterwards, the opinions and insights of the experts are organized and concluded. Through the network security requirements of the Smart Lighting System recommended in the study, businesses are expected to gain security risk control and improve the network security capability of the equipment when developing and deigning Smart Lighting equipment.
9
Wu, Yu-xian, und 吳禹賢. „Secondary Optical Lens Design of LED Streetlight“. Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/32165970645476806197.
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碩士國立臺南大學
電機工程研究所
99
In this study, the street lamp with combining the multi-chip on board(MCOB) of LED light source and the freeform lens were proposed and simulated. In order to prevent two adjacent luminaries from generating strong brightness contrast on the road surface, i.e., the Zebra effect (repeated bright and dark regions). We design a freeform lens which can provide that the light intensity is good batwing distribution with light intensity about 3000 cd at the middle and 7000 cd at 60 deg. This indicates that a uniform and wide illumination area on whole road surface can be achieved. The uniformity values are 0.723, 0.866, and 0.875 for three basic placement of single-sided, zigzag, and opposite, respectively. These results suggest that the lamp installation numbers can be eliminated, and can be reduced thermal management.
10
Huang, Chung-Hsin, und 黃忠信. „Streetlight Monitoring System Based on Wireless Sensor Networks“. Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/52554745588693853342.
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碩士國立勤益科技大學
電子工程系
98
Streetlights are necessary for an urban area. However, there is no an effective monitoring system to maintain their functions for normal operating. In Taiwan, power outages occur frequently in the mountain areas whenever a typhoon or earthquake strikes. The lamppost fixed in mountain areas often collapse so that the streetlights are unable to provide emergency lighting. For the purpose of energy saving, emergency lighting and monitoring, we proposes an LED based light monitoring system, which combines an MSP430 microcontroller, solar cells and various sensing elements with a Zigbee radio transmission. We hope to enhance the performance efficiently in the management and maintenance of streetlights. This can be done by changing the luminance intelligently and providing emergency lighting in times of power outages. All of signals taken from sensors are processed in the MSP430 microcontroller. Finally, using the Zigbee wireless transmission of the mesh topology approach, the information relative to lights will be transmitted back to a relay station. Relay station and the terminal control station of the monitoring system that uses VB (Visual Basic) and Ajax (Asynchronous JavaScript and XML) technology by means of Google Map will receive information of each streetlight to XML format, and then send to the terminal control station and display on the Google Map. Users can monitor the streetlight of within the selected region. In addition, user can directly click the light icons on the Map to view their information. In this dissertation, the simulated LED light whose total power consumption is 2.88W. When the LED light is not working, the LED lights will be marked a red icon as a fault; and the icon is green under normal operation in the daytime but yellow at night.
11
Chiang, Meng Lin, und 江孟麟. „Research of Wi-Fi Technology on Streetlight Management“. Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/x2595w.
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碩士長庚大學
商管專業學院碩士學位學程在職專班經營管理組
104
Street Lights, is a lighting system for roads, streets and public square. Usually turn on at night or in the dark hours, after dawn off. Street Lights provide an important guideline for pedestrian safety and vehicle traveling at night. However, every night the lights in the city have brought a huge burden for the spending of local governments, street maintenance and repair proper rate accounted for a lot of the proportion of local government expenditure. This thesis investigated how to use wireless local area mesh network (Wi-Fi Mesh) as a communications medium and integrated Long Term Evolution (LTE) technology as a data transmission system. Use the micro-controller to control the ballast of lights on and off, to develop a monitoring system to solve the problems of the energy utilization rate of Street Lights in the road properly.
12
Chen, Fu-Min, und 陳富民. „Thermal Analysis of High Power LED Streetlight Module“. Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/53414402171067152112.
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碩士國立屏東科技大學
機械工程系所
97
This study reports on thermal analysis of the LED module and the cooling module of the high power LED streetlight module, respectively. By the simulation results compared with the experimental results, the thermal behavior of each module is observed. According to the simulation temperature values of each module, we proposed that various ways decreased the temperature values of the modules. In the study, we simulated temperature flied of each module by using ANSYS 8.0 software. By the boundary conditions of each module are defined that there are constant power and free convection. The analysis results of each module are solved by finite element method that there are temperature distribution, thermal flux, thermal gradient and heat flow. For experiment, we are operating each module for a long time in normal ambient temperature and atmosphere. When the temperature of each module is steady state, we measured the temperature of each module by using the thermography and the infra-red thermometer. The temperature results of each module shown, the results of the cooling module is made that the simulation value is 46.02 ℃ and the experimental value is 45.5 ℃. The results of the LED module is made that the simulation value is 101.33 ℃ and the experimental value is 100.7 ℃. After the simulation results are compared with the experimental results, The Error range of the LED module is within 2 % and the cooling module is within 3.5 %. For simulation temperature values, we proposed three ways that the temperature of each module is decrease. The better way is proposed by comparing the three ways. The temperature decrease rate of the LED module is about 3.45 % by the thickness of aluminum substrate increased 1 mm. The rate of the cooling module is about 6.2 % by installing the copper heat slug.
13
Lee, Sheng-Chyi, und 李昇奇. „Streetlight automated monitoring systems and energy saving analysis“. Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/59284315232818342096.
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碩士國立高雄應用科技大學
電機工程系博碩士班
103
There are various ways of energy-saving methods. The economic benefits have been comparatively analyzed on the basis of different road lighting sources of efficiency, color rendering, economic life, and prices. As compared to the mercury lamps, the high pressure sodium lamps and LED streetlights consume lower energy and are proved to be more environmentally friendly. The Kaohsiung City Government has built Street Automated Monitoring System three times. The lighting data, computerized maintenance records, problem analysis are taken care of by the evolution of the monitoring system. The result of the SAMS shows computer-controlling the street light data and maintenance records will save more manpower, budget and enhance the street light management system wholly and effectively. To take into account both energy saving and road lighting quality, the thesis has been discussed referring to the road lighting standards in the major world countries; meanwhile, the lighting simulation software DIALux is used to promote energy conservation, environmental protection and balance the road lighting quality in Kaohsiung.
14
Hui-ZhiChen und 陳蕙質. „Design of Optical Lens for LED Streetlight Application“. Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/88488905023493167539.
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15
Chen, Sheng-wen, und 陳聖文. „Optical Lens Design of LED Luminaire for Streetlight“. Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/45477905720539117139.
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碩士國立臺灣科技大學
電機工程系
97
This thesis studies optical lens design of the LED luminaries for streetlights. In the same structure, only by replacing the luminaire lens to achieve different optical properties of the light distribution curve (short, medium, long distribution). First, the road lighting specifications has been surveyed as the performance index of the luminaire. Next, To define the final version of the institute to luminaire size by consolidating the structure of LED luminaire which had been marketed. Uniform optical properties of luminaire with the light distribution curve for the spindle, By combining the optical theorems and the angle of light beam energy distribution. The optical software, TracePro, is used to simulate luminous distribution of the luminaires. Then, executing the simulation of road lighting by using the software, DIALux, to assess the average illumination and uniformity. Simulatity results validate the theoretical analysis. The study can be employed in the optical lens design of the LED luminaries for streetlights in the future.
16
Liang, Yu-Lun, und 梁育綸. „User Behavioral Intention toward Streetlight System in Kinmen County“. Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/499ppq.
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碩士國立金門大學
企業管理學系碩士班
106
Streetlight management is closely related to people’s everyday lives, and the implementation of streetlight management policies is a crucial goal for county governments. Frequent device failure may engender delayed or poor maintenance of streetlights; such delays or inadequate maintenance could induce people’s distrust of the management services provided by the Granite Factory or township offices in Kinmen County. Therefore, establishing a streetlight repair notification system and related tasks can enhance information system usage and consequently shorten the response time for streetlight maintenance inquiries. Such a system facilitates the reporting of repair and maintenance management items by the public and relevant management units and provides data for relevant operation planning and statistical analyses. Focusing on residents of Kinmen, this study explored the effect of users’ perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness of a streetlight information management system on their attitudes. The study also investigated the effect of behavioral tendency on users’ willingness to use such a system. The research participants were mainly citizens of Kinmen, and a questionnaire survey method was employed to collect data; a total of 504 valid responses were collected. Linear regression analysis was used for empirical analyses. The results of this study revealed that perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use of the system had a significant effect on users’ attitudes, and users’ attitudes had a positive effect on their behavioral tendencies. In addition, a high level of user attitude and a strong level of behavioral tendency indicated a high level of user satisfaction. On the basis of the results, the researchers suggest that Granite Factory managers should consider design schemes with functional and operational features, as well as improve citizens’ approach to reporting repairs and willingness to use the system.
17
Wang, Bo-Xiang, und 王柏祥. „The design of reflective freeform streetlight based on split light source“. Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/03003122343158040611.
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碩士國立中興大學
精密工程學系所
105
A great streetlight can achieve rectangle light pattern and good uniformity on road way. Through Zemax can build the reflective freeform streetlight based on split light source. The split light source can make more efficiency to maintain streetlight when malfunction. And we comply with the regulation of street light of Taiwan(CNS 15233) to design reflective street light. The light source can produce collimating light from LED(Cree Xlamp XHP35HI) and parabola mirror(collimating reflector). We use the method of mapping to find the points of freeform surface on Matlab. Finally, the light pattern is like trapezoid and its area is about 25x10m2 for single streetlight. The average illuminance is 20.6 lx and uniformity can reach 0.816.
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Wang, Wan Ling, und 王琬伶. „Design and Analysis of Heat Dissipation Configuration of LED Streetlight Modules“. Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/10240737558794320416.
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碩士亞東技術學院
資訊與通訊工程研究所
103
LED is a semiconductor light emitting component which has many advantages such as high efficiency on illumination, low power consumption, high reliability, small size, and rapid turn-on. LED is applied in various electronics products. In recent decade, LED technology is now can be used as general lighting market. But LED is also constrained by its characteristics. Its lifetime and reliability can be lowered at over temperature operation. So the design of thermal solution is one of the most important issue when we develop a new LED lighting product. This study is to test performance change, such as correlated color temperature, luminous flux, and thermal gradient of a LED streetlight module by different heat dissipation configurations which set plate-fin and polymerizable liquid matrix thermal conductive material (thermal grease) as variants. Then we analyze the results from instruments by four pairs of experimental variants. Three factors are monitored in this research: (1) Light decay ratio (%) (2) Color shift during a period (3) Thermal gradient of the LED streetlight module. We summarize these factors and monitored results of thermal gradient differences. Furthermore, we test a LED streetlight module with long term burning condition and find out the module contains plate-fins and thermal grease performs better than other three configurations. The light decay ratio of the LED streetlight module is 87.6%, and the color shift is 2.5%. In order to verify the results of this thesis, we compare the results to other previous researches. The main factors make effect on thermal dissipation are the distance, height, length, thickness, and surface area of the plate-fins. An additional electrical fan can also help on the thermal issue of a LED streetlight module. This research focuses on how much can a LED streetlight module can be effected by the combination between plate-fins and thermal grease. With certain optical and thermal measurements, we investigate the physical changes by integrated sphere, T type thermocouple, and IR thermometer. By record of the data points on the LED streetlight module, we understand the trend of how the factors make effect on the performance of a LED streetlight module. Summarily, a well-designed thermal dissipation configuration can lower the average temperature on a LED streetlight module, then improves on the color shift effect and increases total efficiency of a LED streetlight. 【Keywords】：LED, Luminous Flux, CCT, Thermal dissipation analysis
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Liu, Wei-Guang, und 劉圍光. „NFC Cloud Platform Application and Analysis Take Highway Streetlight as an Example“. Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/juk475.
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碩士南開科技大學
車輛與機電產業研究所
107
Mobile devices are indispensable for the lives of Chinese people. Mobile applications (Apps) come into play and applications get action. No matter where you are, you can track your life with a smartphone app. Business accounts such as account, business information, booking, voice communication, etc. In this study, national road lamp maintenance is taken as an example. In view of the lack of maintenance manpower, the maintenance department adopts the outsourcing package for maintenance. However, even if the outsourcing maintenance requires a set of efficient management mechanism for implementing and maintaining, and to maintain the information of maintenance data, Computerization to establish the life cycle management of street lamp parts must be the basis for maintenance budget. NFC (Near Field Communication, hereinafter referred to as NFC) short-range wireless communication technology and GPS (Global Positioning System, GPS) are used for positioning and confirmation. After maintenance, the information is transmitted to the back end by using the APP software at the front end. Audit trails and the full life cycle of parts.
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Ching, Chung-Hung, und 鍾泓璟. „Using a Secondary Optics Design With Module of Quadriclateral Frustum Shape of LED Streetlight“. Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/uq9sz6.
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碩士國立臺南大學
電機工程學系碩博士班
102
We propose a novel, easy luminaire module of reflection type for streetlight. In general, many researchers use the transmission type design method to design the outdoor lighting, but in this master’s dissertation, we use the reflection type design method to the outdoor lighting The structure of the module is quadrilateral frustum shape that only use some plane to frame, it make the fabrication easier, cheaper than the other curved surface design. We put the LEDs on the side of the module that we can adjust the light distribution curve that could apply to the streetlight by vary the parameter of the module. In order to protect the luminaire module against the disturbance of external environmental factors, we must install a lamp screen on the luminaire module that isn’t change the most light distribution curve. Base on the Monte Carlo ray tracing method, the result satisfies to the standards of CIE and IESNA.
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Wu, Hsiu-Chi, und 吳修奇. „Design and Implementation of A Single-Stage LED Streetlight Driver with Power-Factor-Correction“. Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/yyjb9v.
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22
Hobbs, Heather. „Streetlight people: perspectives of Street Outreach Services staff on the loss of harm reduction services in Victoria, BC“. Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1828/3389.
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On May 31, 2008, one of Canada’s oldest needle exchange programs was forced to close its doors. Street Outreach Services (SOS), run by AIDS Vancouver Island, was evicted from its fixed site location in downtown Victoria, BC, due to years of inadequate funding and resources, and pressure from community members who blamed SOS for “public disorder” on the city streets. Without a new location from which to house the program, SOS has since operated as a mobile service. This case study documents the context surrounding the closure of SOS and the perspectives of outreach staff regarding the transition from fixed site to mobile services-only. Specifically, this study addresses the question: How have service delivery changes and restrictions impacted SOS outreach work? In addition to participant-observation, media and report analysis, primary data are derived from six semi-structured interviews with SOS outreach workers and a thematic analysis highlights common experiences of loss, isolation and changes in relationships with clients. A discussion of strategies for collective responses to ethical distress includes social justice perspectives.Graduate
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CHEN, JHIH-JIA, und 陳志嘉. „Implementation of a Single Stage Forward-Flyback Driver with High Efficiency and High Power Factor for LED Streetlight“. Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/p3bxcf.
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碩士國立高雄應用科技大學
電機工程系博碩士班
104
Since energy conservation has been continuously concerned, the traditional lighting are being replaced by LED because of the advantages of LED, including low pollution, low energy consumption, and long life, etc. Therefore, high power LED is used as the light source to design street lighting in this thesis. The LED driver is built up by combining a buck-boost converter and a forward-flyback converter. Besides, a energy regenerative snuber is integrated into the driver circuit, which can improve the efficiency. Furthermore, the Primary-Side Sensing(PSS) technique and Quasi Resonance (QR) technique are employed to decrease circuit size and switching losses. A Digital Signal Processor (DSP) is used to integrate all related controls for the driver and the dimming circuit with the phase-shifted PWM method. Finally, the magnetic parameters of the driver are determined by using Taguchi method to optimize the system efficiency, and a prototype is produced and tested in laboratory. The test results are proposed and verify the feasibility of the system.
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Li, Shi-Chang, und 李錫昌. „Study and Implementation for 200W LED Streetlight Drive Circuits Based on LLC Resonant Converter with Power Factor Correction and Synchronous Rectification“. Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/69534648595010103110.
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碩士建國科技大學
電機工程系暨研究所
101
Abstract Traditional metal streetlights are too energy-consuming and require to work in the conditions of high temperature, therefore the service life is short and does not match the energy-saving trend of the times, they have been gradually replaced by white LED lights. According to the current white LED luminous efficacy(cool white: 254 lm/W, warm white: 216 lm/W), much larger than the metal lamps 60 lm/W luminous efficiency, white LED lights can save about 1/3 to 1/2 of energy. To achieve the energy-saving purpose, it is also required to take into account the efficiency and power factor problems when installed LED streetlights. According to the CNS LED Streetlight Standard CNS15233, which specifies the input power factor and overall conversion efficiency must be greater than 90%, this thesis proposes a new design of 200W high-performance LED streetlight drive circuits. It is composed of four parts of circuits: (1) power factor correction, (2) LLC resonant converter, (3) synchronous rectification, (4) constant current control circuit. The experimental results show that its power factor at full load under 220V input is up to 0.97, and the conversion efficiency of PFC stage is up to 97.8%; the maximum and full load conversion efficiencies of LLC resonant converter stage are as high as 96% and 95.5% respectively. The whole circuit conversion efficiency at full load is as high as 93%, power factor is also up to 0.99, either power factor or conversion efficiency is much superior to the values specified by the CNS Standards.
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Pan, Jhao-Siang, und 潘肇祥. „Modified Design for Centralized Control Circuits of Streetlights“. Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/73723039574606011796.
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碩士國立東華大學
電機工程學系
103
As time progresses, streetlights are closely bound up with people’s daily life. Furthermore, streetlights are to secure the safety of road use at night. Without proper preservation, when the streetlight does not lit up functionally, there might be urgent issues and dangers occurred. However, the power company, as the electricity supplier, has had serious problem caused by aging and downsizing human resources. In addition to the fact that the controlling equipment has not been updated and upgraded, there were accidents caused by streetlight breakdown. With the breakdown, pressure of the frontline staff might suddenly increase. To prevent the breakdown from happening, providing steady power and increasing reliability of generation system are both what the power company has to endeavor. This thesis aims to provide a modified design for current centralized control circuits of streetlights. When an error occurs, the design can effectively reduce the power cut range. In addition to analyze the problem of current streetlight controlling system, this thesis also provides a hardware circuit to test and verify the feasibility of the new design.
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CHUN-CHIEH, CHEN, und 陳俊傑. „Integration of Concurrent Design Strategies in the Creative Design of Energy Conservation Streetlights“. Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/29797407895301552387.
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碩士樹德科技大學
應用設計研究所
95
With the advanced development of society and economy, roads have resolved the problems of transportation, and streetlights have become indispensable tools. At the same time, in the current times with promotion of public environment beautification and public aesthetics, the form design of streetlights have become a key to elevating urban environmental beauty. Secondly, the growing potency of environmental ideals, shortage of energy, endless growth of various costs, and the fact that streetlights use considerable amounts of electricity, a pressing issue is how to make streetlights save energy. Furthermore, in order to make products competitive, a comprehensive and systematic design procedure and development process is significant. However, traditional systematic design procedures have been serial processes, which tended to produce problems of interaction and feedback, resulting in waste of money and time. Thus, this dissertation will use the strategy of concurrent engineering to make up for the insufficiencies of systematization. Concurrent engineering is the operation of parallel strategies to conduct planning and design for a product and its related processes. In the beginning, it can already consider all factors of the product’s entire lifecycle. However, currently some domestic corporate design procedures still use the traditional design procedures, so that much manpower and costs are wasted in the design process. Thus, the key to future product design is how to integrate the concept of simultaneity in the design procedure. In view of this, this study integrates the design strategies of concurrent engineering and systemization, and uses energy-saving streetlights as the design example to design a conceptual product, in order to understand this design procedure and the pros and cons of the steps. The study first uses Image Scale Method to conduct product orientation and conceptualization, and uses Quality Function Deployment (QFD) to analyze user needs and provide a weighted evaluation of product concept function and structure. Then, it uses Finite Structure Method (FSM) and Synectic Trigger Mechanisms (STM) to use the structural creative development and appearance design found from weighted evaluations to capture the feasible design concept. Then, the PUGH method and Design for Assembly (DFA) are used for concept evaluation, and finally Value Engineering (VE) analysis is used to make detail evaluations and modifications before completion of this design. Results of the study show: in product analysis, use of the Image Map Method and Quality Function Deployment Method can efficiently determine the product orientation and design direction. In developing design, using the FSM and STM methods, supplemented with the PUGH conceptual selection method, it can indeed provide rational design creative thinking and choices for designers, in order to shed light on the black box of product form design, allowing later designers to take over in the development of conceptual design processes and results. In the stage of design evaluation, the use of DFA and VE can allow designers to consider functional design, structure design, assembly procedures, and costs in the process of design development, which allows the preemptive resolution of potential problems in production, and elevate product value and quality. This result not only combines energy concepts such as solar energy and wind energy in the design of streetlights, which not only saves energy but also considers the overall form design and landscape needs, to achieve lowering of product assembly costs and elevation of economic value, so that these streetlights are more competitive.
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Hsieh, Tsung-Han, und 謝宗翰. „A novel heat-dissipation method for high power LED streetlights using thermoelectric generators“. Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/98927731039863803498.
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碩士國立中正大學
光機電整合工程所
97
Owing to the Light Emitting Diode (LED) with the advantages of high brightness,less power consumption, long lifetime etc, it gradually becomes the development focus of lighting device in the future. In recent years, LEDs were aimed at the development of high power efficiency. However, such a situation always leads to an unavoidable waste-heat problem and causes an adverse effect on LED including the brightness decay and shortened lifetime. In dealing with heat-dissipation for highpower LED, most of methods rely on the heat dissipation plate, drilling holes, heat pipe, and adding isothermal vapor chamber, etc. The thermoelectric generators made of thermoelectric materials not only could solve the heat-dissipation problem of high power LED streetlights, but also effectively transform the waste heat to renewable electricity. Basing on the statement mentioned in the above, different structures using rapid heat-dissipation device collocating with thermoelectric generators were fabricated and applied on the high power LED streetlights to study the efficiency of rapid heat-dissipation and the electricity from transformed the waste-heat. Evidence indicated that the thermoelectric generator indeed acts the kernel technology for waste-heat transformed to renewable electricity. By integrating the thermoelectric generator with heat-conduction, heat-dissipation material, and heat-dissipation device, it not only could lead the 60W LED streetlight to reach the lowest LED junction temperature (48℃), but also obtain a renewable electricity (70.2mW) by transforming the waste-heat from high power LED streetlights.
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Huang, Ming-Hung, und 黃銘宏. „Control of Distribution Dispatch and Turn on/off of Public Streetlights - An Application to Taipower System“. Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/26604109210792069039.
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碩士國立中正大學
電機工程研究所
92
Moving forward from 20th century to 21st century, various industries around the world are promoting automation actively, from product design, manufacturing, production control, marketing, even office. The term “automation” implies high efficiency, mechanization, and even the symbol for advancement. Automation promoted by industries led to soar of productivity, assurance of product quality, effective control over production cost, and sustainable business of the company. In the trend of automation, power industry is definitely a par of it. The economic prosperity of the country, and continuous improvement of the living standard, the power demand has been on the rise. To respond to such high demand, Taiwan Power Company continued to add more generators, improve the power transmission and distribution system, and expand substations. The result of an enormous power system is difficulty in controlling the traditional dispatch operation. To improve the power system operation, Taiwan Power Company followed the global trend of automation, namely promoting the automation of power dispatch and control, using computer-aided control to solve the problems. Taiwan Power Company not only utilized equipment resources of the power system effectively but also achieved economic dispatch, minimization of power line loss, and improvement on power quality. In the past, the way of control streetlights in the cities of Taiwan was using the timer switch from the substation by concentrating control（about 75%）, in remote districts was using light activated switch control by sunlight illumination（about 25%）.Owing to the roads extended fast, lead to the amounts of streetlights were increasing quickly. But, Taipower who was responsible for the control on streetlights, on the contrary abridged manpower year by year for the policy of the transformation run by the local people. Checking and patrolling manpower was increasingly insufficient, and the equipments of control the streetlights outdated. Sometimes to cause the streetlights bright in the day but dark in the night. The results were that people lived inconvenient, power lost for no reason and a traffic accident happened, to endanger the public life and property. As the automation of power dispatch and control becomes a global trend. The research report is based on the completed organizational POWER SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) system for automated control on streetlights. From control center read the time parameter automatically instead of timer switch by using computer programs, and improve the equipments of control streetlights. Expecting to change the bad phenomenon radically on controlling streetlights, provide a stable lighting environment for people, and reduce the power line loss.
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HUANG, HUANG-BIN, und 黃煌彬. „A Low-Cost and Non-Invasive System for the Measurement and Detection of Faulty Streetlights with Mobile Sensor“. Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/r4b9d2.
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碩士國立中正大學
通訊工程研究所
102
Badly lit roads lead to vehicle accidents and encourage crime. Therefore, it is important to rapidly detect and report faulty streetlights to the relevant authorities to keep roads safe. Currently, communities primarily depend on electrical inspectors to check streetlights regularly, which may result in long and unnecessary delays prior to repair. Recent studies have focused on adding a networking capability (i.e., a wireless sensor network) into street light poles to enable real-time status reports. However, a smart system that would incorporate sensors and network modules into every streetlight would be expensive; therefore, it would be nearly impossible to realize this system quickly. In this paper, we propose a non-invasive method for detecting faulty li ghts that involves designing special equipment that could be installed on vehicles and would collect information about streetlights’ intensity. This system would not require the modification of conventional streetlights. The collected data would be used to create illumination maps, the analysis of which could help identify changes in lighting intensity in specific regions. As far as we know, this is an unprecedented approach; no other approaches use illumination maps to find faulty streetlights and consider cost and invasiveness. The proof-of-experiment reported a success rate of 80% in detecting the region with faulty street lamps, and 60% in detecting the accurate faulty street lamps. The proposed system could be extended to a citywide scale with minimal cost, and could be used as a complementary system for electrical inspectors identifying possibly faulty streetlights sooner and shortening the duration of poor lighting on streets.