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Lucan, Sean C., Andrew R. Maroko, Courtney Abrams, Noemi Rodriguez, Achint N. Patel, Ilirjan Gjonbalaj, Clyde B. Schechter und Brian Elbel. „Government data v. ground observation for food-environment assessment: businesses missed and misreported by city and state inspection records“. Public Health Nutrition 23, Nr. 8 (04.11.2019): 1414–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980019002982.
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AbstractObjective:To assess the accuracy of government inspection records, relative to ground observation, for identifying businesses offering foods/drinks.Design:Agreement between city and state inspection records v. ground observations at two levels: businesses and street segments. Agreement could be ‘strict’ (by business name, e.g. ‘Rizzo’s’) or ‘lenient’ (by business type, e.g. ‘pizzeria’); using sensitivity and positive predictive value (PPV) for businesses and using sensitivity, PPV, specificity and negative predictive value (NPV) for street segments.Setting:The Bronx and the Upper East Side (UES), New York City, USA.Participants:All food/drink-offering businesses on sampled street segments (n 154 in the Bronx, n 51 in the UES).Results:By ‘strict’ criteria, sensitivity and PPV of government records for food/drink-offering businesses were 0·37 and 0·57 in the Bronx; 0·58 and 0·60 in the UES. ‘Lenient’ values were 0·40 and 0·62 in the Bronx; 0·60 and 0·62 in the UES. Sensitivity, PPV, specificity and NPV of government records for street segments having food/drink-offering businesses were 0·66, 0·73, 0·84 and 0·79 in the Bronx; 0·79, 0·92, 0·67, and 0·40 in the UES. In both areas, agreement varied by business category: restaurants; ‘food stores’; and government-recognized other storefront businesses (‘gov. OSB’, i.e. dollar stores, gas stations, pharmacies). Additional business categories – ‘other OSB’ (barbers, laundromats, newsstands, etc.) and street vendors – were absent from government records; together, they represented 28·4 % of all food/drink-offering businesses in the Bronx, 22·2 % in the UES (‘other OSB’ and street vendors were sources of both healthful and less-healthful foods/drinks in both areas).Conclusions:Government records frequently miss or misrepresent businesses offering foods/drinks, suggesting caveats for food-environment assessments using such records.
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Basinski, Sean. „Hot Dogs, Hipsters, and Xenophobia: Immigrant Street Food Vendors in New York“. Social Research: An International Quarterly 81, Nr. 2 (Juni 2014): 397–408. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/sor.2014.0028.
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Cowett, F. D., und N. L. Bassuk. „Is Street Tree Diversity Increasing in New York State, USA?“ Arboriculture & Urban Forestry 47, Nr. 5 (01.09.2021): 196–213. http://dx.doi.org/10.48044/jauf.2021.018.
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Diversity in tree populations is viewed as essential for protecting the public investment in urban trees and for preserving the environmental, social, and economic benefits that these trees provide. It is therefore crucial for officials responsible for the management of municipal trees to know the diversity of their municipal tree populations and whether their efforts to increase diversity have been effective or should be modified. We assessed street tree diversity in New York State, USA by analyzing municipal street tree inventory data from two data sets, the first comprised of 75 inventories collated from municipalities, and the second comprised of 32 sets of inventories conducted at multiple points in time. This analysis builds on two previous papers containing similar assessments by analyzing more current data and by calculating diversity index statistics and relative abundance percentages for prevalent street tree species and genera. Findings indicate that there has been substantial progress to increase street tree diversity in New York State. This progress is correlated with reductions in the dominance of Norway maple (Acer platanoides), the state’s most prevalent street tree species (17% of street trees statewide), and in the dominance of maple (Acer), the state’s most prevalent street tree genus (35% of street trees statewide). Work remains to be done to further increase species and genus diversity so as to meet the challenges posed to municipal street tree populations by invasive pests and climate change. Strategies are proposed for accomplishing this.
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Cowett, F. D., und N. L. Bassuk. „Statewide assessment of street trees in New York State, USA“. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening 13, Nr. 2 (2014): 213–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2014.02.001.
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Neumann, Dietrich. „Invisible Tools: Shaping New York City's Skyscrapers“. Going high! The pros and cons of city verticalization, Nr. 25 (25.10.2022): 49–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.37199/f410020012.
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As Tirana is experiencing probably the biggest building boom in its history, including the planning and building of a number of high-rise buildings, it seems fitting to find out which lessons can be learned from the city where the building type of the skyscraper originated. New York City hosted the buildings that claimed to be the world’s tallest for 66 consecutive years. It began with the Singer Building, followed by the Metropolitan Life, the Woolworth Building and then, of course, after brief interludes from 40 Wall Street and the Chrysler Building, the Empire State Building held the title for 40 years, followed by the World Trade Center. Then the title went to Chicago for 25 years with the Sears (now Willis) Tower, on to Kuala Lumpur with the Petronas Towers and Taipei with Taipei 101 and finally, as we all know, to Dubai. New York City is also the place where a unique and comprehensive, ever changing legal framework has shaped skyscrapers’ forms and urban positions since 1916. That is the year when the Setback Law was introduced as part of the city’s Zoning plan. It mandated that floors step back from the cornice height upwards under a certain angle, determined by the width of the street and the particular area of the city, its zone. Imaginary “sky exposure planes” would limit upwards growth, which Hugh Ferriss beautifully illustrated in a sequence of drawings in 1922, as a natural force at work.
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Williams, Mason B. „How the Rockefeller Laws Hit the Streets: Drug Policing and the Politics of State Competence in New York City, 1973–1989“. Modern American History 4, Nr. 1 (März 2021): 67–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/mah.2020.23.
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Recent studies have shown that the punitive drug laws enacted in the mid-1970s led to a sharp increase in incarceration only in the mid-1980s, when city police departments started policing street-level drug markets much more intensively. The case study of New York City in the wake of the Rockefeller Drug Laws of 1973 presents an explanation. Only when new policing ideas, popular dissatisfaction with street crime, and the revival of the city's fiscal capacity coalesced as part of a larger project to rebuild urban governance in the aftermath of the fiscal crisis of the 1970s did New York turn toward street-level drug enforcement. An examination of the political history of street-level drug enforcement offers a better understanding of the history of New York's war on drugs, as well as a new chronology of the political dynamics of state rebuilding in the 1980s.
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Lucan, Sean C., Andrew R. Maroko, Achint N. Patel, Ilirjan Gjonbalaj, Brian Elbel und Clyde B. Schechter. „Healthful and less-healthful foods and drinks from storefront and non-storefront businesses: implications for ‘food deserts’, ‘food swamps’ and food-source disparities“. Public Health Nutrition 23, Nr. 8 (30.03.2020): 1428–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980019004427.
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AbstractObjective:Conceptualisations of ‘food deserts’ (areas lacking healthful food/drink) and ‘food swamps’ (areas overwhelm by less-healthful fare) may be both inaccurate and incomplete. Our objective was to more accurately and completely characterise food/drink availability in urban areas.Design:Cross-sectional assessment of select healthful and less-healthful food/drink offerings from storefront businesses (stores, restaurants) and non-storefront businesses (street vendors).Setting:Two areas of New York City: the Bronx (higher-poverty, mostly minority) and the Upper East Side (UES; wealthier, predominantly white).Participants:All businesses on 63 street segments in the Bronx (n 662) and on 46 street segments in the UES (n 330).Results:Greater percentages of businesses offered any, any healthful, and only less-healthful food/drink in the Bronx (42·0 %, 37·5 %, 4·4 %, respectively) than in the UES (30 %, 27·9 %, 2·1 %, respectively). Differences were driven mostly by businesses (e.g. newsstands, gyms, laundromats) not primarily focused on selling food/drink – ‘other storefront businesses’ (OSBs). OSBs accounted for 36·0 % of all food/drink-offering businesses in the Bronx (more numerous than restaurants or so-called ‘food stores’) and 18·2 % in the UES (more numerous than ‘food stores’). Differences also related to street vendors in both the Bronx and the UES. If street vendors and OSBs were not captured, the missed percentages of street segments offering food/drink would be 14·5 % in the Bronx and 21·9 % in the UES.Conclusions:Of businesses offering food/drink in communities, OSBs and street vendors can represent substantial percentages. Focusing on only ‘food stores’ and restaurants may miss or mischaracterise ‘food deserts’, ‘food swamps’, and food/drink-source disparities between communities.
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Leonardatos, Harry, und Katie Zahedi. „Accountability and “Racing to the Top” in New York State: A Report from the Frontlines“. Teachers College Record: The Voice of Scholarship in Education 116, Nr. 9 (September 2014): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016146811411600901.
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Background & Purpose This article focuses on the current educational reform movement in New York State resulting from the state's receipt of $700 million in Race to the Top (RTTT) money. Specifically, the article will focus on one aspect of the RTTT requirement, which requires that school districts develop teacher accountability systems that are based in part on test data, i.e., the Annual Professional Performance Review (APPR). We will provide an account of how the New York State Education Department's implementation of RTTT has changed the role of educators, eroded autonomy in publicly controlled schools, promoted a culture of mistrust, diverted funds from the classroom to meet governmental directives, and paved the way for corporate vendors to profit from taxpayer money. Finally, we will examine whether the APPR policy developed to hold teachers accountable using an objective metric is a reliable and valid one. Research Design We examine the APPR legislation passed by both the legislative and executive bodies of New York State by focusing on field guidance documents and legislation released by the State Education Department (SED) as well as memos we received from SED. We also review how school districts have decided to implement APPR in their local environment. Finally, articles appearing in the press about the APPR have also been surveyed to ascertain key themes about the question whether teacher effectiveness can be objectively measured by those standards set forth by the SED. Conclusions The APPR policy as it is currently implemented is an unreliable tool in measuring teacher performance. Its subjectivity and inconsistent implementation calls into question the core purpose of this reform, i.e. to rid schools of poor performing teachers, while identifying those that are excellent. The implementation of RTTT and APPR has deteriorated the quality of public education in New York State by creating confusion through untested policies, creating a culture of distrust, diverting money from the classroom to for profit vendors, and developing a pedagogical methodology of teaching to the test.
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Drahozal, Christopher. „The New York Convention and the American Federal System“. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE ALTERNATIVE DISPUTE RESOLUTION 1, Nr. 1 (01.06.2019): 37–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.52028/rbadr.v1i1.2.
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Virtually all American states have statutes that make arbitration agreements and awards enforceable and that set out procedures for their enforcement in state courts. A number of states, including California, Texas, and Florida, have enacted international arbitration statutes to supplement their domestic arbitration laws.2 But this extensive body of state arbitration law has had only a “marginal impact” on American arbitration practice – particularly international arbitration practice because the Federal Arbitration Act (FAA) preempts conflicting state arbitration laws, even in state court. Although we know that the FAA preempts state law, the scope of that preemptive effect is not clear. Indeed, a pair of United States Supreme Court cases have suggested a possible broader role for state law in arbitration matters. In Hall Street Associates, LLC v. Mattel Inc., the Court indicated in dicta that parties might be able to contract for expanded review under state law although the FAA does not permit them to do so.5 And in Stolt-Nielsen S.A. v. AnimalFeeds International Corp., the Court suggested that the arbitrators might not have exceeded their powers in construing an arbitration clause to permit class arbitration if they had relied on a state default rule permitting class arbitration. Whether state law can play a broader role in international arbitration matters in the United States depends on the extent to which the New York Convention and Chapter Two of the FAA (which implements the Convention) preempt state arbitration law. This article undertakes a preliminary analysis of that broad topic by examining several legal questions central to determining the preemptive effect of the New York Convention: (1) What effect, if any, does the federal-state clause (Article XI) have on U.S. obligations under the Convention? (2) To what extent does Chapter Two of the FAA apply in state court? and (3) Is the New York Convention self-executing? Part II briefly sets out background information on the New York Convention and its implementation in the U.S. Part III describes three models of how an arbitration convention might be implemented: the “exclusive spheres” model, the “federal preemption” model, and the “access” model. Part IV analyzes the legal questions identified above and considers their implications for the models. Part V discusses the extent to which parties can contract out of the FAA and into state arbitration law. Finally, Part VI identifies some possible implications of this analysis and concludes.
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Ali, Shahmir H., Valerie M. Imbruce, Rienna G. Russo, Samuel Kaplan, Kaye Stevenson, Tamar Adjoian Mezzacca, Victoria Foster et al. „Evaluating Closures of Fresh Fruit and Vegetable Vendors During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Methodology and Preliminary Results Using Omnidirectional Street View Imagery“. JMIR Formative Research 5, Nr. 2 (18.02.2021): e23870. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/23870.
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Background The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly disrupted the food retail environment. However, its impact on fresh fruit and vegetable vendors remains unclear; these are often smaller, more community centered, and may lack the financial infrastructure to withstand supply and demand changes induced by such crises. Objective This study documents the methodology used to assess fresh fruit and vegetable vendor closures in New York City (NYC) following the start of the COVID-19 pandemic by using Google Street View, the new Apple Look Around database, and in-person checks. Methods In total, 6 NYC neighborhoods (in Manhattan and Brooklyn) were selected for analysis; these included two socioeconomically advantaged neighborhoods (Upper East Side, Park Slope), two socioeconomically disadvantaged neighborhoods (East Harlem, Brownsville), and two Chinese ethnic neighborhoods (Chinatown, Sunset Park). For each neighborhood, Google Street View was used to virtually walk down each street and identify vendors (stores, storefronts, street vendors, or wholesalers) that were open and active in 2019 (ie, both produce and vendor personnel were present at a location). Past vendor surveillance (when available) was used to guide these virtual walks. Each identified vendor was geotagged as a Google Maps pinpoint that research assistants then physically visited. Using the “notes” feature of Google Maps as a data collection tool, notes were made on which of three categories best described each vendor: (1) open, (2) open with a more limited setup (eg, certain sections of the vendor unit that were open and active in 2019 were missing or closed during in-person checks), or (3) closed/absent. Results Of the 135 open vendors identified in 2019 imagery data, 35% (n=47) were absent/closed and 10% (n=13) were open with more limited setups following the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic. When comparing boroughs, 35% (28/80) of vendors in Manhattan were absent/closed, as were 35% (19/55) of vendors in Brooklyn. Although Google Street View was able to provide 2019 street view imagery data for most neighborhoods, Apple Look Around was required for 2019 imagery data for some areas of Park Slope. Past surveillance data helped to identify 3 additional established vendors in Chinatown that had been missed in street view imagery. The Google Maps “notes” feature was used by multiple research assistants simultaneously to rapidly collect observational data on mobile devices. Conclusions The methodology employed enabled the identification of closures in the fresh fruit and vegetable retail environment and can be used to assess closures in other contexts. The use of past baseline surveillance data to aid vendor identification was valuable for identifying vendors that may have been absent or visually obstructed in the street view imagery data. Data collection using Google Maps likewise has the potential to enhance the efficiency of fieldwork in future studies.
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Reviews, Book. „Book Reviews“. MIGRATION LETTERS 7, Nr. 1 (28.01.2014): 115–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.33182/ml.v7i1.185.
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Janitors, Street Vendors, and Activists: The Lives of Mexican Immigrants in Silicon Valley by Christian Zlolniski Berkeley, CA, USA: University of California Press, 2006 ISBN 0520246438, 249 pp.The Archaeology of Xenitia: Greek Immigration and Material Culture Ed. by Kostis Kourelis Athens: Gennadius Library, 2008 ISBN 978-960-86960-6-8, 104 pp. Transit Migration: The Missing Link between Emigration and Settlement by Aspasia Papadopoulou-Kourkoula New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2008 ISBN 0-230-55533-0, 177 pp.How Professors Think: Inside The Curious World of Academic Judgment, 1st Edition by Michele Lamont Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2009 ISBN: 978-0674032668, 336 pp.
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Sayanagi, Yasutake, und Kenji Watanabe. „A Study on the Practical Ways of Implementing a Street-Wide BCP Exercise in the Banking Industry“. Journal of Disaster Research 10, Nr. 2 (01.04.2015): 252–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jdr.2015.p0252.
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This paper aims to determine the most practical method for implementing a Street-Wide Exercise for the banking industry in Japan. There are similar BCP exercises occurring in Singapore, called Industry-Wide Exercises, conducted by the Monetary Authority of Singapore. This paper defines an Industry-Wide Exercise as a BCP exercise involving only banks, while a Street-Wide Exercise involves banks along with other critical interested parties, such as exchanges, the police, the fire department, lifeline vendors, and government offices. For the past 10 years, major international financial centers such as New York, London, and Singapore have conducted Street-Wide Exercises involving both banks and critical interested parties. However, the BCP Exercise for the banking industry in Japan still only involves banks, a policy that should be revisited. This study conducts an analysis from various angles, including ISO 22398 (the ISO’s approved framework for BCP exercises) to identify potential solutions. Additionally, it proposes a new type of BCP exercise, which is a blend of Industry-Wide and Street-Wide Exercises as an intermediary solution, called a Focused-Street-Wide Exercise, involving a limited number of banks and interested parties.
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Goodman, Don, und Maggie Smith. „An Interview with Eddie Ellis“. Humanity & Society 22, Nr. 1 (Februar 1998): 98–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016059769802200107.
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Edwin (Eddie) Ellis is President of the Community Justice Center, Inc., an anti-crime research, education, and advocacy organization located on 125th Street in Harlem, New York. A target of the FBI's Counter Intelligence Program (COINTELPRO) for his Black Panther Party activities, Ellis served 25 years in various New York State prisons. While he was in prison, he earned a Masters degree from New York Theological Seminary, a Bachelor's from Marist College and a paralegal degree from Sullivan County Community College. Widely recognized as a writer, lecturer, and community activist, Ellis is credited with the successful public dissemination of the research findings of the Think Tank, a group of prisoners from Greenhaven Correction Facility which established that 75% of the prisoners in New York State come from seven neighborhoods in New York City. Eddie Ellis is a fellow of the Bunche Dubois Institute for Public Policy at Medgar Evers College/CUNY, serves on the Board of Directors of Center for Law and Justice in Albany, NY, is a member of the Drug Policy Task Force, The Vera Institute IRB, and the National Criminal Justice Commission. This interview took place in the offices of the Community Justice Center on August 6, 1997.
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Curry, Laurel, Carol L. Schmitt, Amy Henes, Christina Ortega-Peluso und Haven Battles. „How Low-Income Smokers in New York Access Cheaper Cigarettes“. American Journal of Health Promotion 33, Nr. 4 (09.10.2018): 558–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0890117118805060.
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Purpose: To understand the tobacco acquisition practices of low-income smokers in New York State in light of high cigarette prices due to high cigarette taxes. Design: Eight focus groups with low-income smokers were conducted in spring 2015 and 2016 (n = 74). Setting: New York City (NYC) and Buffalo, New York. Participants: Low-income adults aged 18 to 65 who smoke cigarettes regularly. Method: Qualitative analysis of focus group transcripts that explored differences and similarities by region. We used the interview guide—which covered the process of acquiring cigarettes and the impact of cigarette prices—as a framework for analysis to generate themes and subthemes (deductive coding). We also generated themes and subthemes that emerged during focus group discussions (inductive coding). Results: Some smokers in Western New York have switched to untaxed cigarettes from Native American reservations, whereas low-income smokers in NYC described convenient sources of bootlegged cigarettes (packs or loosies) in their local neighborhood stores, through acquaintances, or on the street. Familiarity with the retailer was key to accessing bootlegged cigarettes from retailers. Conclusions: Smokers in this study could access cheaper cigarettes, which discouraged quit attempts and allowed them to continue smoking. The availability of lower priced cigarettes may attenuate public health efforts aimed at reducing smoking prevalence through price and tax increases.
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Robertson, Stephen. „Seduction, Sexual Violence, and Marriage in New York City, 1886–1955“. Law and History Review 24, Nr. 2 (2006): 331–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0738248000003357.
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On February 15, 1886, in a New York City courtroom, Bridget Grady placed her mark on an affidavit charging Bernard Reilly with rape. The twenty-six-year-old servant told the magistrate that in July of the previous year, while her employer was in the country, Reilly had called on her at the east 38th Street home where she worked. he had been Bridget's “steady company” for about three years and had “several times told her that if he married at all, he would marry her.” During the visit he made what Bridget described as unexpected, unprecedented “advances” to her. When she resisted, Reilly seized her, and they fell to the floor. Bridget, being, as she put it, a “proper and virtuous woman,” became so frightened at Reilly's conduct that she immediately lost consciousness. While Bridget was in that state, Reilly had sexual intercourse with her, as a result of which Bridget became pregnant. once she regained consciousness, Bridget “began to cry, and declared she would kill herself; he took her upon his lap and tried to pacify her, telling her at that time that if anything came of it he would marry her.” As a result of that promise, Bridget took no action against Reilly. Seven months later, however, still unmarried, and due to give birth to a child in two months, Bridget had come to the court to make a complaint.
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Jaenson, R., N. Bassuk, S. Schwager und D. Headley. „A Statistical Method for the Accurate and Rapid Sampling of Urban Street Tree Populations“. Arboriculture & Urban Forestry 18, Nr. 4 (01.07.1992): 171–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.48044/jauf.1992.035.
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This paper develops and demonstrates a statistical sampling method that can be used to estimate the species composition of an urban street tree population quickly and accurately, i.e., with an acceptable level of error. The technique is based on stratified random sampling. We first estimate the percentage of street trees in separate zone segments throughout the city, and then distribute a sample of 2,000-2,300 trees across the city. Weighted averaging is used to obtain estimates and confidence limits. We have applied this technique in four cities in New York state and obtained results that agree closely with previously existing complete or partially complete street tree surveys.
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Yi, Stella, Yan Li, Valerie Imbruce, Yi-Ling Tan, Victoria Foster, Vivian Wang und Simona Kwon. „Simulating the Effects of Construction in NYC’s Chinatown on Fruit and Vegetable Consumption in Local Residents“. Innovation in Aging 4, Supplement_1 (01.12.2020): 104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igaa057.343.
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Abstract In 2017, the mayor of New York City (NYC) unveiled a 10-year plan to close the city’s largest jail complex and to build four satellite detention centers – including one in Manhattan’s Chinatown. Chinatown is a destination for affordable produce and its retail produce sector is comprised of street vendors and small stores, a style of fresh fruit and vegetable (FV) marketing the city promotes to achieve its goal of equitable access to healthy foods. The objective of this study was to project the impact of the proposed construction activity on FV consumption among residents in Chinatown. We developed an agent-based model that accounts for individual and neighborhood-level factors (e.g., age, gender, education, food environment) to predict FV consumption at the neighborhood level in NYC. We assumed that long-term construction will lead to the closure/migration of fresh produce vendors and therefore a reduction of FV access. We simulated three scenarios in which the number of fresh produce vendors is reduced by 5%, 10%, and 15% due to construction. Results suggest that planned construction could decrease the consumption of FV by 2.1%, 4.4%, and 6.8% among residents in Chinatown if the construction would reduce the number of fresh produce vendors by 5%, 10%, and 15%, respectively. Preliminary sensitivity analyses demonstrate the negative impact of the construction on FV consumption could be greater among older (65+ years) vs. young adults. The planned construction of a detention center in Chinatown may decrease the consumption of FV among its residents, particularly older adults.
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Scholz, John T., Jim Twombly und Barbara Headrick. „Street-Level Political Controls Over Federal Bureaucracy“. American Political Science Review 85, Nr. 3 (September 1991): 829–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1963852.
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Local partisan activities of legislators and their electoral coalitions systematically influence field office activities of federal bureaucracies in their electoral districts. This alternative to centralized democratic controls over bureaucracy occurs because discretionary policy decisions made at the field office level are influenced by local resources generated through partisan activities. Our study of county-level Occupational Safety and Health Administration enforcement in New York (1976–85) finds that county, state, and federal elected officials influence local enforcement activities, with liberal, Democratic legislators associated with more active enforcement. The county political parties are most influential for activities with the most local discretion, while members of Congress are more influential for local activities more readily controlled by the national office.
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Nisbet, Elizabeth. „Expanding the Field of View: The Role of Agricultural Employers in Street-Level Immigration Policy Implementation“. Administration & Society 50, Nr. 8 (06.08.2015): 1097–124. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0095399715598339.
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More than half the U.S. farm labor force is undocumented, and thousands of U.S. employers hire farmworkers through the short-term H-2A visa program. Immigration enforcement and H-2A policy thus have an important role in farm labor markets, but its nature depends on street-level policy implementation dynamics. An interview-based case study in New York State extended literature on street-level bureaucrats by broadening the focus to actors outside government in the context of labor markets. The research specifies employer roles in policy implementation as beneficiaries of policy, de facto policy implementers, and citizens reacting to or attempting to influence policy.
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Crocker, R. H. „From Sicily to Elizabeth Street. Housing and Social Change Among Italian Immigrants, 1880-1930. By Donna R. Gabaccia. (Albany, New York: State University of New York Press, 1984. xxi + 174 pp. $34.50)“. Journal of Social History 19, Nr. 3 (01.03.1986): 538–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/jsh/19.3.538.
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Bellia, Claudio, Simona Bacarella und Marzia Ingrassia. „Interactions between Street Food and Food Safety Topics in the Scientific Literature—A Bibliometric Analysis with Science Mapping“. Foods 11, Nr. 6 (09.03.2022): 789. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods11060789.
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Street food (SF) consists of ready-to-eat food prepared and sold on the street. This food constitutes the food traditions of local populations in many countries of the world. SF characterizes a large number of cities around the world, from New York to Paris, from Palermo to cities of North Africa, China, India and Japan. SF is inexpensive and prepared following traditional methods that meet local consumer preferences, culinary culture and lifestyles. Moreover, SF allows a unique experience for tourists who also want to experience a destination through traditional food consumed on the street together with the locals. Nevertheless, SF is linked to several health hazards. Hence, several studies discussed on the compliance with hygiene and food quality requirements that SF vendors should guarantee, to ensure human health. So far, there is no bibliometric review attempting to provide an objective and comprehensive analysis of the existing scientific documents that simultaneously study the scientific topic of SF linked to that of Food Safety (FS). Therefore, the objective of this paper is to provide a theoretical framework of the interactions between studies on SF and FS topics, in order to discover if the combined topic of “Street Food Safety” (SFS) was investigated as a topic in its own right. A bibliometric analysis was carried out analyzing 276 scientific contributions from the last 21 years, indexed in the Elsevier Scopus database and in the Clarivate Web of Science database. The results showed a very strong interaction between the two topics and many others in several scientific sectors; In particular, the topic of SFS involves many disciplines of social sciences. The results highlight that the scientific topic of SFS exists but not consciously, and it is believed that the research interest in this topic can grow considerably in the coming years, also because of the current COVID-19 pandemic situation that we are experiencing.
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Biondo III, Vincent F. „A Community of Many Worlds“. American Journal of Islam and Society 22, Nr. 4 (01.10.2005): 108–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajis.v22i4.1669.
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This edited collection complemented a March 2001 museum exhibit and isbased upon a February 2000 Columbia University conference and a threeyearFord Foundation-sponsored research project. It provides a generaloverview of the history and diversity of Arab Americans in New York Cityand is particularly strong in the area of the arts, featuring several chapters onliterature and music, including several first-person narratives. This two-partbook, which surveys both the historical and the contemporary scenes, isfurther enhanced by forty black-and-white photographs, including thirteenby Empire State College’s Mel Rosenthal.New York contains the third largest Arab-American community, afterDearborn (Michigan) and Los Angeles. In the first chapter, Alixa Naffexplains that the community was formed around 1895, when Christian missionaries in Syria encouraged Arab Christians near Mount Lebanon to workin New York for a couple of years to make money for their families. Syrianand Lebanese immigrants initially gathered at Washington Street in LowerManhattan and soon moved to Atlantic Avenue in the South Ferry portion ofBrooklyn. From 1899-1910, 56,909 Syrian immigrants arrived in New York.In the book’s first part, two historical chapters are followed by entrieson literature, music, photography, and first-person accounts. Philip Kayalpoints out that Arab-American is a cultural and ethnic – but not a religious– category, for most Arab Americans are Christian, not Muslim. JonathanFriedlander reveals that the first Arab-American immigrant, AntonioBishallany, visited from Lebanon in 1854 to gather evangelical teachings foruse back home. This four-page and six-photograph entry on representationsin historical archives could be expanded into a larger work ...
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Huttenlauch, Anna Blume. „Street Scenes and other Scenes from Berlin - Legal Issues in the Restitution of Art after the Third Reich“. German Law Journal 7, Nr. 10 (01.10.2006): 819–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2071832200005137.
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The news that Ernst Ludwig Kirchner's painting “Berliner Strassenszene“ (Berlin Street Scene) will be up for sale in New York on November 8, 2006 has stirred up the international art scene for the past two months. The sale was announced shortly after the Berlin state senate had returned the painting to the heirs of its original owners, Jewish art collectors Alfred and Tekla Hess. For the past 26 years the piece had been hanging in the Brücke Museum in Berlin and formed a cornerstone of the museum's expressionist collection. Bought, from public funds, in 1980, for a little over $ 1 Million US, the painting is expected to sell this fall for $ 18 Million to $ 25 Million US.
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Talhouni, Khaled. „Stephen J. Glain. Mullahs, Merchants, and Militants: The Economic Collapse of the Arab World. New York: St. Martin’s Press, 2005. 350 pages. $25.95. Hardback.“ Pakistan Development Review 45, Nr. 3 (01.09.2006): 498–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v45i3pp.498-499.
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In this book, Former Wall Street Journal reporter Stephen Glain sets out to answer an extremely broad and difficult question: namely why is it that the Arab world, specifically the Levantine region, has consistently underperformed economically since the beginning of the 20th century. The book provides the reader with a somewhat in-depth analysis of the political, social and economic state of six Arab nations (Lebanon, Syria, Jordan, the Palestinian territories, Egypt, and Iraq). By breaking down his analysis into country-specific chapters, Glain enables the reader to understand the multi-faceted problems facing the region as a whole. In doing so, Glain shows the reader a common thread of bad governance, corruption, negative external interference, and protectionism; the thread that runs through all these nations, causing economic decay.
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Silver, Dan, Julia Seltzer, Stan Hsieh, Dara Seidl, Farhad Siraj und Mindy Rhindress. „Exclusion of Nonspecific Geocodes and the Representation of Ridership Profiles in Survey Data“. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2643, Nr. 1 (Januar 2017): 28–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2643-04.
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To construct responsive travel models, transportation modelers must have accurate geocoding data; only the addresses with specific geocodes (i.e., addresses with high specificity) are retained in the data, and addresses with nonspecific geocodes (i.e., addresses with low specificity, such as at the municipality level) are excluded, replaced, or imputed. Whether this practice introduces bias in the data and leads to potential inaccuracies in models that are subsequently constructed has not been evaluated. Between December 2014 and November 2015, the Metro-North Railroad (MNR) Origin and Destination Survey collected data from Hudson Line riders, who were asked to chronicle trips from start to finish. The accuracy and specificity of the address data varied. Some respondents provided information in all possible data fields (street address or intersection, city, state, and zip code), but their addresses were geocoded to a lower level of geographic accuracy because the batch geocoder could not interpret a valid address from the combined data. The differences between MNR riders who provided specific destination addresses and MNR riders who provided nonspecific destination addresses in New York City were analyzed. The primary cause for this difference was found to be a respondent’s reasons for traveling and destination type and not a respondent’s demographic profile or specific destination location within the New York City region.
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Baron, Beth. „EDITOR'S NOTE“. International Journal of Middle East Studies 42, Nr. 1 (14.01.2010): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002074380999047x.
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This edition of the journal appears under my name and that of the new managing editor, Sara Pursley, but the articles ran the gauntlet of the review process under the watchful eyes of Judith E. Tucker and her able managing editor, Sylvia Whitman. I am enormously indebted to them for handing off the journal in such excellent shape, leaving us with detailed instructions and supplying a backlog of accepted articles to help cushion the landing of the journal at the Graduate Center of the City University of New York. The transition of the editorial office could not have been accomplished without the support of our provost, Chase Robinson, whom many of you know as a specialist in early Islamic history. Colleagues affiliated with the Middle East and Middle Eastern American Center and the Programs in History at the Graduate Center and City College have welcomed the journal to its new home across the street from the Empire State Building.
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Amaris, Lián. „Beauty and the Street: 72 Hours in Union Square, NYC“. TDR/The Drama Review 52, Nr. 4 (Dezember 2008): 182–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/dram.2008.52.4.182.
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Given the media frenzy over Hillary Clinton's unsuccessful presidential bid, and the ensuing questions about the state of feminism, it seems a serendipitous moment to feature two pieces—written by the women who conceived and performed them—that offer very different but complementary takes on agency, identity, and the conflation of the public and private as one's body becomes the locus of the gaze. Petra Kuppers's dramaturgical meditation on her experiences as part of Tiresias, a disability culture performance project, investigates erotics, change, mythology, and identity. A collaboration between photographers, writers, and dancers, the project, occurring over six months in 2007, posits the body as the site at which myth might be reshaped and movement might become poetry. Lián Amaris critically analyzes her feminist public performance event Fashionably Late for the Relationship, which took place over three days in July 2007 on the Union Square traffic island in New York City. Informed by Judith Butler's citational production of gender, the piece focused on exposing and critiquing the marked visibility of gender construction and maintenance within an extreme performance paradigm.
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Bekelis, Kimon, Symeon Missios, Shannon Coy und Jeremiah N. Johnson. „Does the ranking of surgeons in a publicly available online platform correlate with objective outcomes?“ Journal of Neurosurgery 127, Nr. 2 (August 2017): 353–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2016.8.jns16583.
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OBJECTIVEThe accuracy of public reporting in health care, especially from private vendors, remains an issue of debate. The authors investigated the association of the publicly reported physician complication rates in an online platform with real-world adverse outcomes of the same physicians for patients undergoing posterior lumbar fusion.METHODSThe authors performed a cohort study involving physicians performing posterior lumbar fusions between 2009 and 2013 who were registered in the Statewide Planning and Research Cooperative System database. This cohort was merged with publicly available data over the same time period from ProPublica, a private company. Mixed-effects multivariable regression models were used to investigate the association of publicly available complication rates with the rate of discharge to a rehabilitation facility, length of stay, mortality, and hospitalization charges for the same surgeons.RESULTSDuring the selected study period, there were 8,457 patients in New York State who underwent posterior lumbar fusion performed by the 56 surgeons represented in the ProPublica Surgeon Scorecard over the same time period. Using a mixed-effects multivariable regression model, the authors demonstrated that publicly reported physician-level complication rates were not associated with the rate of discharge to a rehabilitation facility (OR 0.97, 95% CI 0.72–1.31), length of stay (adjusted difference −0.1, 95% CI −0.5 to 0.2), mortality (OR 0.87, 95% CI 0.49–1.55), and hospitalization charges (adjusted difference $18,735, 95% CI −$59,177 to $96,647). Similarly, no association was observed when utilizing propensity score–adjusted models, and when restricting the cohort to a predefined subgroup of Medicare patients.CONCLUSIONSAfter merging a comprehensive all-payer posterior lumbar fusion cohort in New York State with data from the ProPublica Surgeon Scorecard over the same time period, the authors observed no association of publicly available physician complication rates with objective outcomes.
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Kohn, Margaret. „Privatization and Protest: Occupy Wall Street, Occupy Toronto, and the Occupation of Public Space in a Democracy“. Perspectives on Politics 11, Nr. 1 (März 2013): 99–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1537592712003623.
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This article examines the legal and normative debates about the Occupy Toronto movement in order to illuminate the issues raised by Occupy Wall Street. It challenges the view that the occupation of parks and plazas was an illegitimate privatization of public space. In both New York City and Toronto, the courts relied on a theory that Habermas called “German Hobbesianism.” This sovereigntist theory of the public was used to justify removing the protesters and disbanding the encampments. The alternative is what I call the populist model of the public, a term which describes the political mobilization of the people outside the institutional structures of the state. While my focus is on public space, I suggest the appropriation of space was the most visible aspect of a broader call for collective control of the common wealth of society. In other words, we should understand the occupations synecdochally as struggles over the meaning and power of public and private.
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Hensel, F. „N. H. March, R. A. Street, and M. Tosi (Eds.): “Amorphous Solids and the Liquid State”, Plenum Press, New York and London 1985. 539 Seiten, Preis: $ 90.-“. Berichte der Bunsengesellschaft für physikalische Chemie 90, Nr. 12 (Dezember 1986): 1241. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bbpc.19860901225.
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Rolle, Andrew. „Gabaccia, Donna. From Sicily to Elizabeth Street: Housing and Social Change Among Italian Immigrants, 1880-1930. Albany: State University of New York, 1984. Pp. xxi, 167. Tables, index. $34.50“. Urban History Review 13, Nr. 3 (1985): 256. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1018112ar.
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Golaszewski, Thomas, Donald Barr und Sandra Cochran. „An Organization-Based Intervention to Improve Support for Employee Heart Health“. American Journal of Health Promotion 13, Nr. 1 (September 1998): 26–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4278/0890-1171-13.1.26.
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Purpose. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a management training seminar, developed through a partnership among a college, a managed care company, and a state public health department, to increase the level of organizational support for employee heart health in selected companies. Design. Quasiexperimental. Setting. Worksites, including heavy and light industries, school districts, insurance companies, county health agencies, and health care centers. Subjects. Twenty western New York companies matched on size, industry type, and interest in worksite health promotion. Intervention. Seven training seminars held at a college for 1 year and directed primarily at human resource managers. Training was supplemented by the availability of student interns, faculty consulting, a vendors' fair, and various program planning aids. Measures. Groups were assessed using HeartCheck, a measure of organizational support for employee heart health. Results. A fourfold difference in change for HeartCheck was observed by the experimental vs. comparison groups (p < .01), along with significantly greater increases on five of the instrument's six subscales (p < .05). The level of HeartCheck reached in the experimental group matched those seen in highly acclaimed commercially sponsored programs. Conclusion. This study represents one of the first attempts to intervene at the organizational level within a worksite health promotion initiative. Positive results were observed that appear to be both meaningful and cost-effective.
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Rao, Eleonora. „“I Will Always Be Crossing Ocean Parkway; I Have Crossed It; I Will Never Cross It.” Marianna De Marco Torgovnick, Crossing Ocean Parkway“. Humanities 8, Nr. 2 (20.04.2019): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/h8020081.
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In Crossing Ocean Parkway (1994), scholar and literary critic Marianna De Marco Torgovnick—now Professor of English at Duke University—traces her story as an Italian-American girl growing up in a working-class Italian neighborhood of New York City that could not satisfy her desire for learning and for upward mobility. De Marco’s personal experiences of cultural border crossings finds here specific spatial reference especially through Ocean Parkway, “a wide, tree-lined street in Brooklyn, a symbol of upward mobility, and a powerful state of mind” (p. vii). Border crossing or trespassing inform this text. De Marco moved from an Italian immigrant milieu to a sophisticated Jewish community, via her marriage, and from a minority group to a successful career in academia. There are also crossings between being a professional, a wife, a mother, and a daughter; between being an insider and an outsider; between longing to be free and the desire to belong; between safety and danger, joy and mourning, nostalgia and contempt. In representing her younger self as “outsider” to her received community, she provides a sharp analysis of the tensions within American society.
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Keesler, John M. „Applying for Supplemental Security Income (SSI) for Individuals With Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities: Family and Service Coordinator Experiences“. Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities 53, Nr. 1 (01.02.2015): 42–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1352/1934-9556-53.1.42.
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Abstract In the United States, the Social Security Administration (SSA) provides financial benefits through Supplemental Security Income (SSI) to many individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD). Family members and service coordinators (SCs) provide a critical role in applying for SSI on behalf of individuals with IDD. The present study uses a street-level lens to understand the implementation of SSI policy from the perspective of family respondents and SCs based upon their experiences with the application process. Using surveys developed from focus groups and interviews with family members and SCs, the study explores parts of the application process that facilitated success and barriers that hindered the procurement of benefits, and also elicited suggestions for improvement of the process. Survey respondents included 122 family members and 122 SCs in the western region of New York State. Findings reflect experiences at the various steps of the application process including initial applications, interviews and assessments, as well as experiences with SSA workers. Despite several significant differences, a general congruence between family respondents and SCs suggests considerable opportunities for improvement. This study provides a preliminary evaluation of a complex process from two different perspectives, with implications for policy, practice and future research.
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Seedor, Rino S., Daniel T. Vader, Renee H. Moore, Alexandre J. Motta, Sara E. Lally, Carol L. Shields, Takami Sato und Marlana M. Orloff. „Geospatial analysis of the distribution of uveal melanoma patients at a referral center in the United States.“ Journal of Clinical Oncology 42, Nr. 16_suppl (01.06.2024): e21566-e21566. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2024.42.16_suppl.e21566.
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e21566 Background: Approximately 2500 new uveal melanoma (UM) cases (5.2 cases per million population) are diagnosed yearly in the United States. We previously identified three unique geospatial accumulations of UM in North Carolina, Alabama, and New York based on our clinical experience. Such unexpected findings prompted us to conduct a more systematic evaluation of geospatial accumulations of UM patients at our institution. Methods: Through the electronic medical record system, we identified patients seen at our institution with a diagnosis of UM. Identified living patients and family of deceased patients were either sent an e-mail or paper letter with an internet link to a survey. The survey asked for the patient’s name, date of birth, sex, date of primary UM diagnosis, address at time of UM diagnosis and number of years at that address, and all previous addresses and dates of residence prior to the UM diagnosis. Using these addresses, ArcGIS and R software was used to analyze the geospatial distribution of our UM patients. The data was supplemented with 2020 American Community Survey census estimates at the state, county, and census tract level to estimate population-based rates of UM. Results: We identified 2718 UM patients in our clinical database, and a total of 726 participants completed the survey with a total of 2939 US addresses. The majority of addresses were precise to the street address level (77.9%). At the time of UM diagnosis, patients had lived at their current address for a median of 16 years. Pennsylvania and the neighboring states expectedly made up the majority (63.6%) of our patients, but about 1/3 of our patients resided in other states at the time of their UM diagnosis (total of 42 different states). Several counties presented elevated rates of UM with ≥5 case per 100,000 persons. We observed a group of counties in central Pennsylvania, at the border of Pennsylvania and New York, and in upper New York by the Finger Lakes with notably elevated rates of UM, which was consistent with our clinical observations at our institution. Several neighboring counties in Kentucky and Virginia also presented elevated rates. Conclusions: Through this pilot project, we have demonstrated that it is possible to collect lifetime residency information from UM patients in order to map their geospatial distribution in the US. Furthermore, although institutional bias toward referring physicians should be considered, our geospatial analysis identified accumulations of UM in areas similar to our clinical concerns. The results of our study warrant further investigations into environmental influences on UM development. Our future goal is to extend our approach through national and international collaborations to increase the number of participants in the analysis and to minimize institutional bias.
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Powell, Lawrence. „Centralization and its Discontents in Reconstruction Louisiana“. Studies in American Political Development 20, Nr. 2 (Oktober 2006): 105–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0898588x0600006x.
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U.S. Grant was stumped: “The muddle down there is almost beyond my fathoming,” the president told the New York Herald in the summer of 1871. What had him flummoxed was the recently adjourned “Gatling Gun Convention” in New Orleans, a Republican state nominating gathering that reads like a passage from a novel by Gabriel Garcia Marquez. The run-up was punctuated by open combat in the trenches and foxholes of countless ward clubs and party conventions—the so-called “War of the Factions.” When the sitting Republican governor, the colorful and roguish Henry Clay Warmoth, hobbled by a boating accident earlier in the summer, led delegates supporting his candidacy to the designated meeting place inside the U.S. Customhouse on Canal Street, federal soldiers manning the latest in automatic weaponry turned him and his followers away when they tried to barge into a rival group's caucus. Warmoth thereupon guided his followers to another meeting hall. For the next 18 months, warring Republican factions moved in and out of opportunistic alliances with Conservative-Democrats. They divided into rival legislatures, used force to achieve quorums, and arrested and impeached their own senior leaders. If some of the more scurrilous allegations are to be believed, they even poisoned their lieutenant-governor. Were Louisiana politics on the verge of becoming “Mexicanized”—plunged into chronic crisis and political tumult? That was the question beginning to trouble Republican observers north of the Ohio River.
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Grinberg, Jaime Gerardo Alberto. „“I Had Never Been Exposed to Teaching like That”: Progressive Teacher Education at Bank Street during the 1930s“. Teachers College Record: The Voice of Scholarship in Education 104, Nr. 7 (Oktober 2002): 1422–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016146810210400702.
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What happens in a teacher education program when control is neither exercised by formal professional or state standards nor by traditional dominant “disabling” market influences (Labaree, 1994)? To answer this question, the focus of this paper is on looking at teacher education through the lenses of pedagogical practices and discourses not in traditional institutions such as normal schools, colleges, and universities but in an alternative institution. Thus, this paper presents detailed accounts and analyzes the practice of the preparation of teachers in a progressive program during the 1930s in New York at Bank Street College of Education. Mostly, these accounts are grounded in the participants’ perspectives, providing data about how this progressive teacher-education program was experienced, and in particular on Lucy Sprague Mitchell's teaching based on data especially composed to describe two courses: (1)Environment (a mix of what today can be called social foundations and social studies methods) and (2)Language (mostly about the writing process). Bank Street, initially called the Cooperative for Student Teachers and intrinsically connected with experimental schools and a well-known institution among practitioners and progressive educators, was formed in 1930, which were times with heavy ideological discussion given the social and economic American and international contexts. Teaching at Bank Street centered on making experience a subject matter of study, while making connections between learning about children, the self, the world (the social contexts), and schooling, to foster progressive practices in the classroom. This case about pedagogical practices suggest a need to pay closer attention to the teaching of progressive teachers as an important aspect of learning to teach and teacher education improvement beyond dominant discussions about standards, organization, regulations and control of teacher education. This paper shows that it was possible to have a highly intellectual and inquiry-oriented teacher-education program, with a rigorous study of experience, with passion to understand children, subject matter, social contexts, and the self, and with a commitment to justice.
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Hohenberg, Paul M. „Main Street to Main Frames: Landscape and Social Change in Poughkeepsie. By Harvey K. Flad and Clyde Griffen. Albany: Excelsior Editions of State University of New York Press, 2009. Pp. xiv, 451. $30.00, cloth.“ Journal of Economic History 69, Nr. 4 (Dezember 2009): 1197–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022050709001673.
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Zarinebaf, Fariba. „A Neighborhood in Ottoman Istanbul: Fruit Vendors and Civil Servants in the Kasap Ilyas Mahalle, by Cem Behar. Albany: State University of New York Press, 2003. 216 pages, index. US$24.95 (Paper) ISBN 0-7914-5682-X“. Middle East Studies Association Bulletin 38, Nr. 2 (Dezember 2004): 234–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002631840004709x.
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Teaford, J. C. „Main Street to Mainframes: Landscape and Social Change in Poughkeepsie. By Harvey K. Flad and Clyde Griffen. (Albany: State University of New York Press, 2009. xiv, 451 pp. $30.00, ISBN 978-1-4384-2613-6.)“. Journal of American History 97, Nr. 1 (01.06.2010): 227–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/jahist/97.1.227-a.
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Elvins, Sarah. „Main Street to Mainframes: Landscape and Social Change in Poughkeepsie. By Harvey K. Flad and Clyde Griffen. Albany: State University of New York Press, 2009. xiv + 451 pp. Illustrations, maps, bibliography, notes, index. Cloth, $30.00. ISBN: 978-1-438-42613-6.“ Business History Review 85, Nr. 1 (2011): 224–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007680511000262.
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Li, Yao, Lauren Xiaoyuan Lu, Susan Feng Lu und Jian Chen. „The Value of Health Information Technology Interoperability: Evidence from Interhospital Transfer of Heart Attack Patients“. Manufacturing & Service Operations Management 24, Nr. 2 (März 2022): 827–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/msom.2021.1007.
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Problem definition: Health information technology (HIT) interoperability refers to the ability of different electronic health record systems and software applications to communicate, exchange data, and use the information that has been exchanged. The U.S. Government has invested heavily to promote HIT interoperability in recent years in an attempt to improve patient outcomes and control healthcare expenditure. This study empirically assesses the value of HIT interoperability in the interhospital transfer process of heart attack patients. Academic/practical relevance: HIT interoperability is supposed to enable health information exchange between disparate providers. However, there exists little evidence about how it affects care delivery processes across providers. Methodology: Using transfer records of heart attack patients and HIT interoperability adoption records of hospitals in New York State between 2013 and 2015, we estimate the effect of HIT interoperability on care delivery process measures and patient outcome measures. We demonstrate the robustness of the results with alternative samples and model specifications, including the instrumental variable method, the propensity score matching method, the difference-in-differences method, and a falsification test. Results: We show that HIT interoperability shortens the throughput time of interhospital transfer by 45.6 minutes on average or 12.0%. Surprisingly, we find that HIT interoperability has little effect in reducing duplicate electrocardiogram (EKG) testing for transferred patients at receiving hospitals. When HIT interoperability is enabled through a common software vendor, it yields 15.6% more reduction in the throughput time than when it is enabled through different vendors, but it still has no significant effect on duplicate EKG testing. Furthermore, we find that HIT interoperability leads to a 3.0-percentage point decrease in the 30-day readmission rate of transferred patients, which can be explained by the reduction in the throughput time. Managerial implications: Our findings demonstrate the value of incentivizing HIT adoption and promoting widespread exchange of health information because HIT interoperability indeed improves the efficiency of healthcare delivery across providers, which ultimately translates to improved patient outcomes. Given the lack of reduction in duplicate testing in our study, we call for more provider effort toward realizing the full potential of HIT interoperability by minimizing the gap between technology adoption and utilization.
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Paramonova, Daria V. „Analytical and News Articles: American, British and Spanish Representation of the Image of the State in Comparison“. Current Issues in Philology and Pedagogical Linguistics, Nr. 3 (25.09.2022): 142–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.29025/2079-6021-2022-3-142-153.
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This article is devoted to the study of the representation of the image of the state (Russia and the United States) in the American, British and Spanish analytical and news articles in comparative aspect. The study is conducted on the material of electronic versions of articles taken from modern American (“The New York Times”, “The Wall Street Journal”, “The Washington Post”), British (“The Guardian”, “The Independent”, “The Times”, “Financial Times”) and Spanish media (“El País”, “La Vanguardia”, “El Mundo”) in 2022. The purpose of the work is achieved by applying the complex method of lexico-semantic and stylistic analysis, interpretive analysis, the comparative method. It is established that each state strives to strengthen its positive image in the media space. Often this happens due to the purposeful belittling and deterioration of the image of those states that are considered competitors, ideological opponents, or enemies in the eyes of the readership. We will consider in the article how the media influence the image of the country and how the media image of the state is formed. We have selected analytical and news articles which create the images of two influential states Russia and the USA in comparison in different linguocultures. We examined the image of Russia and the United States based on the classification of V. Slavina and A. Oleinikov. As a result of the study, it was found out that in 2022 the opinion of the American, British and Spanish media about Russia and the United States is formed on the basis of already existing negative or positive attitudes and depends on the events taking place in the world. Public opinion, the moods of the ruling elites, the economic and foreign policy situation are changing, therefore the nature of the coverage of information in analytical and news media articles is also changing. The image of Russia in both analytical and news articles seems to us negative. The image of the United States, created by the American, British and Spanish media in news articles is neutral, there is no assessment of American government and what is happening on the territory of the U.S. In analytical articles, the image of the United States is criticized. An analysis of the factual material showed that the smallest number of articles is devoted to the image of the territory and the image of the people. The images of political leaders - V. Putin and D. Biden - are the main dominants in the formation of the image of the country in news and analytical articles. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the study of the representation of the images of Russia and the United States in American, British and Spanish news and analytical articles in a comparative aspect. The prospect of the research is further consideration of the image of Great Britain and Russia in interviews in comparative aspect.
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Duffy, Mignon. „For Love and Money: Care Provision in the United States. Edited by Nancy Folbre. New York: Russell Sage Foundation, 2012.Beyond Caring Labour to Provisioning Work. By Sheila M. Neysmith, Marge Reitsma-Street, Stephanie Baker Collins, and Elaine Porter. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2012.Care Work and Class: Domestic Workers’ Struggle for Equal Rights in Latin America. By Merike Blofield. University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press, 2012.Caring for America: Home Health Workers in the Shadow of the Welfare State. By Eileen Boris and Jennifer Klein. New York: Oxford University Press, 2012.“ Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society 39, Nr. 4 (Juni 2014): 1038–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/675581.
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Koutaissoff, Elisabeth. „The State of the World 1989, by Lester Brown et al.W. W. Norton & Co., 500 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10110, USA, and 37 Great Russell Street, London WC1B 3NU, England, UK: xxxi + 256 pp., figs & tables, index, 23.1 × 17.7 × 2 cm, stiff paper cover, US $9.95, 1989.“ Environmental Conservation 16, Nr. 2 (1989): 190. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s037689290000919x.
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Fishbach, Michael. „New Scholarship on Jordan - A History of Jordan, by philip Robins. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2004. 204 pages, notes, bibliography, index. US$70.00 (Cloth) ISBN 0-521-59117-1 - Nationalist Voices: the Street and the State, by Betty S. Anderson. Austin: University of Texas Press, 2005. 205 pages, notes, bibliography, index. US$22.95 (Paper) ISBN 0-292-70625-1 - Institutions and the Politics of Survival in Jordan: Domestic Responses to External Challenges, 1988-2001, by Russell E. Lucas. SUNY Series in Middle Eastern Studies. Albany: State University of New York Press, 2005. 156 pages, notes, bibliography, index. US$65.00 (Cloth) ISBN 0-7914-6445-8 - Structuring Conflict in the Arab World: Incumbents, Opponents, and Institutions, by Ellen Lust-Okar. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2005. 176 pages, appendix, notes, bibliography, index. US$60.00 (Cloth) ISBN 0-521-83818-5 - Palestinian Identity in Jordan and Israel: the Necessary “Other” in the Making of a Nation, by Riad M. Nasser. New York: Routledge, 2005. 239 pages, appendix, bibliography, index. US$90.00 (Cloth) ISBN 0-415-94969-6“. Middle East Studies Association Bulletin 40, Nr. 1 (Juni 2006): 75–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026318400049427.
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Nakienė, Austė. „Shifts in the Traditional Culture. Folksongs in the 21st Century City“. Tautosakos darbai 49 (22.05.2015): 171–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.51554/td.2015.29011.
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The traditional culture existing in the city experienced considerable changes in the course of the last century. Rather than comprising continuous, gradual development, this change involved several radical cultural shifts, taking place in the 20th century (e. g. in the beginning of the century, in the 1960s, and 1990s). The article compares the urban, social and cultural changes in order to determine periods when the traditional culture experienced the most crucial transformations and when various new phenomena appeared. A clear shift in the urban culture took place in the 1960s in Lithuania, when a political “warming” of sorts could be felt and the pressure of the communist ideology was somewhat lighter. The economic growth was followed by the formation of the consumer society (although a rather different one from that emerging in the liberal countries), taking place in Vilnius, Kaunas, and other cities. The 1960s and the subsequent decades were characterized by a considerable variety of the urban culture in Lithuania, especially in its capital city. In the musical sphere, the state-supported academic music, the professionally performed folk music, and the show music were particularly thriving; but performances of jazz, rock and authentic folklore also gained momentum.The Lithuanian Folklore Theater, which started its activity in 1968 in Vilnius, can be presented as a typical example of the altered tradition. Director of this theater Povilas Mataitis and his wife, scenographer Dalia Mataitienė managed to achieve a subtle harmony between the folk tradition and their individual artistic expression, uniting in their performances elements of folklore and the modern art, and using small artistic forms, so typical to the folk art, to create complicate ambivalent compositions. Nevertheless, the stylistic shifts of the 1960s were best reflected in the rock music. The swinging two-part rhythm and open expressions of the individual feelings embodied a radical stylistic change at that time (although such means of expression are completely common and trivial today). Starting from the 1960s these innovations affected not only the urban composers, but also the folksong creators at the countryside.The significant cultural shift took place also after the Lithuanian independence was regained in 1990. The Soviet past was rejected, the Western notion of culture was willingly adopted, and the patterns of cultural life and financing were increasingly altered. The formerly state-supported cultural institutions and performers had to adapt to the free-market. At first, the cultural shift of the 1990s resembled an avalanche: the former unified whole – the coherent image of the national culture created during the Soviet times was shattered. Composers and authors plagued by various difficulties found respite, though, in the new kinds of the available information, the opened possibilities of getting to know the global culture, which had been hitherto almost impossible to gain access to. The epoch of postmodernity, characterized by free associations between various historical and cultural signs, was favorable to the continuation of traditions; therefore various transformations of folklore quickly appeared, musical styles from different periods and nations were abundant, and all sorts of their hybrids were created. A new thing establishing itself on the Vilnius pavement was hip hop – the Afro-American music and life style, born in the suburbs of New York. It was increasingly adopted and furthered by the Vilnius inhabitants, born in the concrete districts of the city, whose youth coincided with the years of the post-Soviet economic “shock-therapy”.The traditional music found its place in the city as well, growing as a moss on a stone. It is now performed both in the great ceremonious halls and in the small, stuffy premises, or simply outside during spring and summer. The city of the 21st century is characterized by such cultural phenomena as urban folklore, bard songs, live music, street music, post-folklore, indigenous culture, Baltic music, pagan art, improvisational music, underground music, etc. Urban tradition is a multifaceted and a multileveled one, its continuation constantly involves connecting different musical styles and respective communities.In the urban environment, the preservation of the folk music is no longer the concern of exclusively the representatives of the folklore movement; authors of different kinds are also involved, including the jazz and rock musicians, visual artists, IT specialists, and actors. Nowadays, the third generation is gradually involved into the urban folklore movement, as its pioneers, having already become grandparents, bring their grandchildren into the same halls and yards of the Old Town, where they used to perform in their youth. At the same time, new cultural wave created by the contemporary young people rises from the underground clubs, multimedia or electronic music labs, and artistic workshops. The young keep always creating something new, but this should not be regarded as a threat to the preservation of the urban folk tradition.
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Segara, Nuansa Bayu, Enok Maryani, Nana Supriatna und Mamat Ruhimat. „INVESTIGATED THE IMPLEMENTATION OF MAP LITERACY LEARNING MODEL“. Geosfera Indonesia 3, Nr. 2 (28.08.2018): 146. http://dx.doi.org/10.19184/geosi.v3i2.7808.
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This article presents the results of the first implementation of map literacy learning model in middle school classes - this is the preliminary test. The implementation of this learning model will gain optimal results when it is conducted by following all the component of the model such as the syntax, theoretical framework, social system, teachers' roles, and support system. After the model implementation has been completed, the results showed that there was significantly different in students' spatial thinking skills before and after the treatment. However, the implementation also revealed that the model has some technical issues and thus to be improved. In a social system revision, the teacher has to be flexibly provide scaffolding every time he/she sees that the students need it. Teacher's book is significantly important to help a teacher lead the learning process. After improvement of the model has been completed, then it is ready to be implemented in the main field testing stage.
Keywords: map literacy, social studies learning, spatial thinking
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