Zeitschriftenartikel: „"Stellingen": 2 leaves, laid in“

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Wins-Purdy, A. H., C. Whitehouse, G. J. R. Judd und M. L. Evenden. „Effect of horticultural oil on oviposition behaviour and egg survival in the obliquebanded leafroller (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)“. Canadian Entomologist 141, Nr. 1 (Februar 2009): 86–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4039/n08-042.

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AbstractThe effects of the horticultural oil Purespray Green on oviposition behaviour and egg development in the obliquebanded leafroller, Choristoneura rosaceana (Harris), were investigated through dual-choice and no-choice bioassays and topical applications of oil to developing eggs. A residual 2% (v/v) oil spray on wax-paper and apple-leaf substrates significantly reduced both the number of eggs laid and egg survival in no-choice assays; however, this effect diminished 3 days after treatment. In dual-choice assays, females laid significantly fewer eggs on oil-treated apple leaves than on control leaves, but laid equal numbers of eggs on the oil-treated wax paper and the untreated wax-paper controls. Topical application of oil caused significant dose-dependent mortality of both newly laid eggs and eggs just before hatch, and these two egg stages were equally susceptible to the oil. Topical application of 2% oil caused >99% egg mortality. Our data indicate that gravid female C. rosaceana can assess and reject oil-sprayed surfaces and that the oil can kill eggs through both contact toxicity and suffocation. These characteristics suggest that highly purified horticultural oils like Purespray Green could play a role in an integrated pest management program for this important pest species.

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Urban, J. „Occurrence, development and economic importance of Phratora (= Phyllodecta) vitellinae (L.) (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae)“. Journal of Forest Science 52, No. 8 (09.01.2012): 357–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/4518-jfs.

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The paper summarizes results of the study of the occurrence, development and harmfulness of Phratora (= Phyllodecta) vitellinae (L.). The majority of studies was carried out in 1998 to 2005 in riparian and accompanying stands of the Svitava and Svratka rivers in the region of Brno and in a laboratory. Imagoes leave hibernation hiding places at the end of April and at the beginning of May. In captivity, they lived on Salix fragilis about 2.5 months damaging on average 28.6 cm2 leaf blades and laying on average 293 eggs. In the excessively warm growing season of 2005, imagoes lived about 3.5 months after hibernation, however, already after one month of feeding they fell in a month diapause at the beginning of June. Before its start, they damaged on average 12.8 cm2 (after the diapause 14.4 cm2) leaves and laid on average 389 eggs (of this number, 260 eggs before and 129 after the diapause). Larvae damage about 4 cm2 leaves during 2 to 3 weeks (in the laboratory during 12 to 13 days). After 2 to 3 weeks (in the laboratory after 10 to 12 days) from the cessation of feeding young beetles appear on trees. Imagoes of the 1st generation occur from mid-June to the beginning of October. During about 55 days of life, they damaged 19 cm2 leaves and laid on average 182 eggs. Imagoes of the 2nd generation occur from mid-August to the end of the growing season. After 10 to 14 days of feeding (without previous copulation), they take shelter in wintering places. In the laboratory, however, these imagoes damaged about 19 cm2 leaves during 2 months and laid about 190 eggs. Wintering places were looked up by imagoes of the 3rd generation which damaged on average 4.2 cm2 leaves before hibernation. In the Czech Republic, P. vitellinae is usually bivoltine the 2nd generation being always incomplete.

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Boukary, Ibrahim Baoua, Jean Gingras und Jean-Claude Tourneur. „INFLUENCE OF DIET ON OVIPOSITION AND SURVIVAL OF FORFICULA SENEGALENSIS SERVILLE (DERMAPTERA: FORFICULIDAE)“. Canadian Entomologist 130, Nr. 2 (April 1998): 163–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4039/ent130163-2.

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AbstractThe influence of diet on oviposition and survival of Forficula senegalensis Serville was studied in laboratory conditions using four different regimens: millet leaves and stems, lepidopteran eggs and larvae, millet pollen, and no food at all. Four parameters were monitored: female weight, survival time, time to oviposition, and number of eggs produced. Starving females and females fed millet leaves and stems lost weight and survived for an average of 30–40 days without any of them laying eggs. Females fed millet pollen or lepidopteran eggs and larvae gained weight and survived for more than 60 days. Forty percent of the females fed pollen laid an average of 49 eggs the first time, and 50% of those fed lepidopteran eggs and larvae produced an average of 67.5 eggs. In both cases, less than 2% of the females oviposited a second time (average of 30 eggs). Earwigs fed lepidopteran eggs and larvae oviposited sooner. A diet of millet leaves is insufficient for oviposition in F. senegalensis; females need a richer diet based on pollen or animal preys in order to lay eggs.

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Urban, J. „Occurrence, bionomics and harmfulness of Chrysomela populi L. (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae)“. Journal of Forest Science 52, No. 6 (09.01.2012): 255–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/4509-jfs.

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In 2003 to 2005, Chrysomela populi L. gradated on yearly cut Populus nigra var. italica in street alleys in Brno and elsewhere. Imagoes occurred on trees from the end of April or from the beginning of May. In rearing, the chrysomelid consumed unwillingly leaves of 2-year shoots and laid on average 142 eggs. On leaves of shoots, imagoes damaged 100 to 200 cm2 during 5 to 7 weeks, produced 480 to 900 frass pellets and laid on average 506 eggs. Oviposition was continual with breaks amounting to on average 2.6 days. Embryonal development took 6 to 8 (in the laboratory 5) days. Larvae of the 1st generation occurred from mid-May to mid-July. In the course of 2 weeks (in the laboratory during 10 days) of life, they damaged about 20 cm2 leaves and produced about 300 frass pallets. In the laboratory, prepupae took 2 days and pupae 4 days. Imagoes of the 1st generation occurred from June to September. They damaged on average 113 cm2 and produced on average 553 frass pellets and 653 eggs. At a temperature of 24 to 28°C, imagoes damaged on average 84 cm2 during 2 to 3 weeks and diapaused until the next year. On growing up leaves, imagoes lived longer showing higher consumption of food and higher fecundity as against new fully-grown leaves. Larvae of the 2nd generation destroyed on average 2 cm2 smaller area than larvae of the 1st generation. Part or all imagoes of the 2nd generation diapaused. Imagoes of the 3rd generation damaged 40 to 70 cm2 leaves before departure to wintering grounds. In our natural conditions, the prospective 3rd generation is always incomplete. Cleonice callida Meig. and Schizonotus sieboldi (Ratz.) rank among important enemies.

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Coderre, Daniel, Louis Provencher und Jean-Claude Tourneur. „OVIPOSITION AND NICHE PARTITIONING IN APHIDOPHAGOUS INSECTS ON MAIZE“. Canadian Entomologist 119, Nr. 2 (Februar 1987): 195–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.4039/ent119195-2.

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AbstractPrincipal components analysis was used to assess niche partitioning between four aphid predators on the basis of oviposition strategies. The study was conducted by sampling abundance and position of the eggs of these predators in corn monocultures in two locations of southern Quebec. The results indicated that the chrysopid Chrysopa occulata Say laid its eggs on corn leaves usually without aphid colonies, and late in the season. All other predators reacted to aphid concentrations. The syrphid Sphaerophoria philanthus (Mg.) oviposited close to the ground, early in the season, and among colonies of the aphid Rhopalosiphum padi (L.). The two coccinellids laid their eggs during July and August with a maximum during tasseling for Coleomegilla maculata lengi (Timberlake) and after pollination for Hippodamia tredecimpunctata tibialis Say. Of these two species, the latter one selected sites at higher levels on the plant, and was more abundant at the edges of the field. It is suggested that the observed niche partitioning cannot be the result of interspecific competition in variable environments such as maize monocultures.

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Rajotte, E. G., J. W. Travis, J. Rytter und G. Rebarchak. „Evaluation of Insecticides for Control of Potato Leafhopper on Raspberry, 1989“. Insecticide and Acaricide Tests 15, Nr. 1 (01.01.1990): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iat/15.1.58.

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Abstract The experiment was conducted at the Rock Springs Research Farm. The study was laid out as a completely randomized design with 7 treatments each replicated 4 times. Treatments consisted of 5 plants, spaced 3 feet apart. Data were obtained from samples taken from the center section of plots. Each plot was rated for potato leafhopper damage on leaves. A toxicity index to assess damage was created on a scale of 0-3: 0 = no visible damage; 1 = 2% of leaves curled; 2 = 50%-75% of leaves curled; 3 = >75% of leaves curled. On 16 Jun, treatments were applied using a CO2 Precision Boom Sprayer that delivered 72 gal/acre at 35 psi. The spray boom was equipped with twin fan nozzles (T.J. 60-1104 vs). On 18 Jul treatments were applied using a Meyers Boom Sprayer that was adjusted to deliver 72 gal/acre traveling 3 mph. Treatments in parentheses were applied previously on 25 May.

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Mochioka, Yukari, Motoaki Kinoshita und Makoto Tokuda. „Oviposition by a lycaenid butterfly onto old host parts is adaptive to avoid interference by conspecific larvae“. PLOS ONE 16, Nr. 5 (26.05.2021): e0252239. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0252239.

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Oviposition site selection by herbivores can depend not only on the quality of host resources, but also on the risk of predation, parasitism and interference. Females of the lycaenid butterfly Arhopala bazalus (Lepidoptera) lay eggs primarily on old host foliage away from fresh growth, where larval offspring live and feed. Resource availability of young host leaves seems not to affect the oviposition site preference by the females. To clarify the adaptive significance of A. bazalus oviposition behavior on old foliage, we tested three hypotheses: eggs on fresh foliage are (1) easily dropped during rapid leaf expansion (bottom-up hypothesis), (2) more likely to be attacked by egg parasitoids (top-down hypothesis), and (3) frequently displaced or injured by other herbivores (interference hypothesis). In field surveys, rates of egg dropping and parasitism by egg parasitoids were not significantly different between fresh and old host parts. However, the portions of fresh leaves on which A. bazalus eggs had been laid were cut from shoots on which conspecific larvae fed. Laboratory experiments demonstrated that eggs on young leaves were displaced in the presence of conspecific larvae and we observed that fifth instar larvae actively displaced conspecific eggs by feeding on the surrounding leaf tissue. These findings indicate that eggs laid on fresh leaves are at risk of being displaced by conspecific larvae, and support the interference hypothesis. Larval behavior is a likely evolutionary force for A. bazalus to lay eggs apart from larval feeding sites on the host plant.

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Khaleel, Nahla M. A., und Abdulghany O. I. Sarmamy. „Infl uences of Nitrogen, Magnesium and Soil Moisture Contents and their Interactions on Yield Quality and Tolerance Indices of Rosemary (Rosmarinus offi cinalis L.)“. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DRUG DELIVERY TECHNOLOGY 13, Nr. 01 (25.03.2023): 382–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.25258/ijddt.13.1.62.

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The present study was carried out in the glasshouse of the Department of Biology, College of Science, Salahaddin University- Erbil, and laboratories of Research Center in Erbil Polytechnic University, from April 21st, 2019 to July 26th, 2020, to determine the eff ects of foliar application of nitrogen (N1:100, N2:200, and N3:300 kg. h-1) and magnesium (Mg1:0.0, Mg 2:30, and Mg3:60 kg. h-1) applied under two diff erent soil moisture contents (SM1:100% fi eld capacity (FC) and SM2: 60% FC) on some physiological properties and yield quality of rosemary plants (Rosmarinus offi cinalis L.). A factorial experiment was laid out according to a completely randomized design with four replications. Two cuttings were taken from the rosemary shoots (in March, and July, 2020). Results showed that SM2 decreased phenolic compounds in cut 1 (cut 1), dry matter percent in leaves in cut 2 and relative nitrogen yield in cut 1, cut 2 & cut 1+2. N3 increased dry matter in leaves shoots in cut2 signifi cantly, proline, phenolic compounds in leaves, stress tolerance index (STI), modifi ed stress tolerance index 1(MSTIK1), & modifi ed stress tolerance index 2 (MSTIK2). The interaction treatment SM2Mg2 increased the proline content in dry leaves. The proline content was increased by the triple interactions SM2N3Mg2 and SM2N3Mg3.

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Samatova, Shohista, Lutfullo Yoziev und Muhayyo Buranovа. „Biomorphological features of varieties Canna x generalis Bailey when introduced under arid conditions“. BIO Web of Conferences 40 (2021): 01017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20214001017.

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The article presents the results of studies of the biomorphological features of cannas in arid conditions. It was found that the varieties differ in the height of shoots and their number, the number of leaves and flowers on the shoots, the number of renewal buds formed by the end of the growing season. On one shoot of the Crozi cannas varieties, 2-4 renewal buds are laid, of which 1-2 shoots develop. All varieties are characterized by: the effect of the size of the 1st assimilating leaf on the total number of leaves is observed only on the first order shoots; an increase in the height of shoots with an increase in their order; a decrease in the number of leaves with an increase in the order of shoots; in the conditions of the Karshi oasis at an elevated air temperature (average ten-day values from +26.7 to + 33.4°С) in June-August - there is an increased growth and development of the aboveground part, with a decrease in temperature (to 19.5°С) from the end of September - underground.

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Colijn, Annette C., und Richard K. Lindquist. „Effects of Moisture Stress on Two Spotted Spider Mite Populations, Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) in Schefflera (Brassaia actinophylla Endl.)“. Journal of Environmental Horticulture 4, Nr. 4 (01.12.1986): 130–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.24266/0738-2898-4.4.130.

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Studies were conducted to determine the effects of moisture stress and schleffera variety (Brasspia actinophylla Endl. and B. actinophylla ‘Amate’) on populations of twospotted spider mides (Tetranychus urticae Koch) grown under interior conditions. After approximately 2 weeks, spider mite populations were significantly higher on moisture stressed B. actinophylla as compared with unstressed plants. Populations on rewatered plants were intermediate. Moisture stress did not affect mite populations on the cultivar ‘Amate’ in a consistent manner. The cultivar ‘Amate’ was more mite resistant than B. actinophylla. Mites feeding on ‘Amate’ laid fewer eggs, had lower survival and slower developmental rates than those feeding on B. actinophylla. Leaves of ‘Amate’ were 67% thicker and had lower percent total nitrogen than B. actinophylla leaves.

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Sarkar, Suraj, Sandip Patra und A. Samanta. „Efficacy of different bio-pesticides against sucking pests of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench)“. Journal of Applied and Natural Science 8, Nr. 1 (01.03.2016): 333–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.31018/jans.v8i1.796.

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The field experiment was carried out in the pre-kharif season of 2013 at Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Kalyani, Nadia, West Bengal, India to evaluate the efficacy of different bio-pesticides against sucking pests of okra. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with three replications for each treatment. The treatments viz. annonin 1% EC, karanjin 2% EC, Azadirachtin 1% EC, Metarrhizium anisopliae, Verticillium lecanii , Beauveria bassiana , Bacillus thuringiensis var Kurstaki, spinosad 45 % SC and imidacloprid 17.8% SL were applied at 15 days interval starting from seedling stage when whitefly and jassid infestation started. Results revealed that the overall best performance of insecticides against whitefly was recorded in imidacloprid treated plots with lowest mean population of whitefly (3.91 whitefly/15 leaves) followed by karanjin (4.16 whitefly/15 leaves) and azadirachtin (5.16 whitefly/15 leaves while the order of efficacy aginst jassid were imidacloprid (15.27 jassids/15 leaves) > karanjin (33.91jassids/15leaves)>azadirachtin(40.38jassids/15leaves). Effectiveness of test insecticides on the yield of okra wasspinosad>Bt>B. bassiana>azadirachtin>imidacloprid>annonin>karanjin>M. anisopliae.

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Begum, Mst Morsheda, Md Masudul Karim, Md Alamgir Hossain, Md Mustafizur Rahman und Md Obaidul Islam. „Morphological characters and dry mass production in winter tomato as affected by foliar application of plant growth regulators“. Asian-Australasian Journal of Bioscience and Biotechnology 1, Nr. 3 (28.12.2016): 514–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/aajbb.v1i3.64019.

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A field experiment was conducted at the field laboratory of Crop Botany Department, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh to study the effect of different levels of plant growth regulators, PGRs (GA3, NAA) on the growth and yield in two tomato varieties. The experiment was laid out in a three factorial randomized completely block design ( RCBD) with 16 treatments viz. 2 varieties (Ratan and Roma V.F.) × 2 PGRs (GA3, NAA) × 4 concentration levels of PGRs ( 0, 25, 50 and 100 ppm). The result showed that tomato variety Ratan produced higher yield (3.92 kg plant−1) by increasing plant height, stem diameter at base, branch plant−1, leaves plant−1, fresh and dry weight of leaves, number of flowers plant−1 than the variety Roma V.F. (3.71 kg plant−1). PGRs enhanced plant height, number of leaves plant−1, fresh and dry weight of leaves, etc. A higher yield was observed in plants treated with GA3 (4.07 kg plant−1) than in the plants treated with NAA (3.55 kg plant−1). Among the concentrations of PGRs, 50 ppm exhibited better performances producing higher yield (5.02 kg plant−1). Interaction effects of variety, PGR and concentration showed that higher yield (5.06 kg plant−1) was derived from the variety Ratan when treated with 50 ppm of GA3. Asian Australas. J. Biosci. Biotechnol. 2016, 1 (3), 514-520

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Michalska, Katarzyna, Anna Tomczyk, Barbara Łotocka, Sławomir Orzechowski und Marcin Studnicki. „Oviposition by the vagrant eriophyoid mite Aculops allotrichus on leaves of black locust tree, Robinia pseudoacacia“. Experimental and Applied Acarology 79, Nr. 1 (September 2019): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10493-019-00412-1.

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Abstract Leaf-dwelling mites often prefer to feed on young leaves and also are more likely to inhabit the abaxial leaf side. The aim of our study was to examine whether leaf age may affect production and distribution of eggs on black locust leaves by females of Aculops allotrichus. The eriophyoids were tested for 2.5 days on ‘trimmed’ compound leaves (with only two opposite leaflets left), which were maintained in vials filled with water. For the experiments we used leaves of three categories: (1) the ‘youngest’, in which both halves of the adaxial side of leaflets still adhered to each other (and usually remained folded for the next few hours), (2) ‘young’ with already unfolded leaflets, and (3) ‘mature’ with fully expanded leaflets. The tested females laid significantly more eggs on developing leaves than on ‘mature’ ones, although they deposited the highest number of eggs on the ‘young’ leaves. The distribution of eggs on adaxial or abaxial leaf sides also depended on leaf age. On the ‘youngest’ leaves, eriophyoids placed similar numbers of eggs on both sides of a blade. However, the older the leaf, the more willingly females deposited eggs on the abaxial side. Our biochemical and morphometrical analyses of black locust leaves indicated significant changes in the contents of nutrients and phenols within leaf tissue, and in the density of trichomes and thickness of the outer epidermal cell walls, correlated with leaf age. Their possible effects on the production and distribution of eggs on leaves by A. allotrichus are discussed.

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OGEDEGBE, S. A., V. B. OGUNLELA und G. I. DOGO. „RESPONSE OF LETTUCE (Lactuca Sativa L.) TO DIFFERENT ORGANIC MANURES AT VOM, PLATEAU STATE, NIGERIA“. Nigerian Journal of Life Sciences (ISSN: 2276-7029) 2, Nr. 1 (01.03.2012): 201–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.52417/njls.v2i1.84.

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A two-year study was conducted to test the effect of various organic fertilizers on the growth and yield of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.). The treatments which were laid out in a randomized block design and replicated three times consisted of a zero manure control, cow dung, poultry and rabbit manures applied at 30 tonnes ha-1. Poultry manure consistently and significantly produced the tallest plants (by 24 % and 49 %) and more leaves (by 45 % and 101 %) at 2- and 10 weeks after transplanting respectively compared to the control. The study showed that lettuce leaves can be harvested as from 6 weeks of age (with about 16 leaves) and fed to rabbits. Lettuce grown with organic manure did not contain parasitic pathogens and can therefore not become a direct source of infection to animals fed on the produce. In the absence of poultry manure, rabbit manure is a satisfactory substitute for leaf lettuce production. Organic vegetable producers should be mindful of the possibility that pathogenic parasites in their growing media may contaminate the greengrocery

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Okechukwu C. Umunnakwe,, Joyce F. Akpan, und Fidelis V. Aberagi,. „Foliage yield of fluted pumpkin (telfairia occidentalis hook f.) As influenced by organic manure and cutting frequencies on soil of calabar, nigeria.“ Global Journal of Agricultural Sciences 21, Nr. 1 (31.08.2022): 79–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/gjass.v21i1.10.

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Field experiment was conducted in the 2019 and 2020 early cropping seasons at the University of Calabar Teaching and Research Farm, Calabar, to assess the foliage yield of fluted pumpkin (Telfairia occidentalis Hook F.) as affected by organic manure and cutting frequency on soil of Calabar. The experiment was a factorial combination of four poultry manure rates (0, 3, 6 and 9 tonnes per hectare) and three cutting frequency (2, 3 and 4 weekly intervals), laid out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Data were collected on vine length, number of leaves, internode length, fresh leaves, dry matter weights and soil physico-chemical properties, and analyzed. Significant means were compared using Fisher’s Least Significant Difference (FLSD) at 5 % probability. Results indicated that the sand proportions decreased after harvest while the silt and clay proportions, the soil pH, total nitrogen, organic carbon, organic matter, potassium, magnesium, effective cation exchange capacity (ECEC) and base saturation all increased after harvest in both cropping years. There were significant (p <.0. 05) effects of PM, cutting frequency and their interactions on vine length, number of leaves, internode length, fresh leaves and leaves dry matter weights in both years of study. Plots treated with 9 t/ha of PM produced the longest vines, higher number of leaves, heavier fresh leaf and leaf dry matter. This was followed by plots treated with 6 t/ha of PM while the lowest was the plot with zero PM treatment. Foliage harvest at 3-weekly cut intervals produced the highest cumulative number of leaves, fresh leaf and leaf dry matter weights, followed by the 4-weekly cut intervals while the lowest was the 2-weekly cut intervals. The interaction of 9 t/ha PM with 3-weekly cut intervals produced the best effect and is therefore recommended.

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Wilson, Peter A., Peter M. Room, Myron P. Zalucki und Sukumar Chakraborty. „Interaction between Helicoverpa armigera and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides on the tropical pasture legume Stylosanthes scabra“. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 51, Nr. 1 (2000): 107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar98095.

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Glasshouse experiments determined effects of a moth, Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), and the anthracnose pathogen, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Penz.) Penz. and Sacc., on each other when attacking the same host plant, Stylosanthes scabra (Vog.) (Leguminosae) cv. Fitzroy. The host was treated with both organisms in 2 ways of succession and at 2 different life stages each. Larvae of the moth preferred to feed on healthy plants rather than plants recently infected with C. gloeosporioides, and preferred such newly infected plants to severely diseased ones. Adult female moths laid more eggs on healthy and recently infected plants than on diseased plants, when given a choice of all 3 plant types. Severity of anthracnose disease was neither promoted nor retarded by damage to leaves caused by larvae of the moth.

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Shehata, Ahmed Zeinhom Ibrahem, Rola Milad Labib und Mohammad Reda Kamel Abdel-Samad. „Insecticidal activity and phytochemical analysis of Pyrus communis L. extracts against malarial vector, Anopheles pharoensis Theobald, 1901 (Diptera: Culicidae)“. Polish Journal of Entomology 90, Nr. 4 - Ahead of print (31.12.2021): 209–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.6329.

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We aimed at investigating the insecticidal activity of Pyrus communis L. against the malarial vector, Anopheles pharoensis Theobald, 1901 and its phytochemical constituents. Leaves were collected and the crude extracts were prepared using hexane (PCH) and methanol (PCM). Tested PCH and PCM possess larvicidal activity against A. pharoensis with LC50 and LC90 values of 179.9, 41.2 and 314.1, 68.9 ppm, respectively. A significant reduction in the number of eggs laid by females A. pharoensis that developed from larvae treated with PCH and PCM was noticed. Also, PCH treatment showed highest repellent activity compared with PCM. GC/MS analysis of the PCH revealed the presence of 55 identified compounds subdivided into 2 major classes viz. phenyl alkanes (38.65 %) and oxygenated sesquiterpenoids (36.41 %). LC/MS of PCM had led to the identification of 37 compounds, mainly flavonoids, chalcones, phenolic acids and tannins. The results demonstrate the insecticidal potential of leaves methanol and hexane extracts from P. communis as green insecticidal agents for the control of malarial vector, A. pharoensis.

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Kavya, Vendra Sai, Y. S. Parameswari, M. Venkateswara Reddy und B. Anila Kumari. „Seaweed Extract's Effect on Carrot (Daucus carota. L) Growth. Super Kuroda“. International Journal of Environment and Climate Change 13, Nr. 11 (01.11.2023): 2010–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ijecc/2023/v13i113359.

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A field experiment was conducted during rabi 2022 on carrot variety ‘Super kuroda’ in sandy loam soil at Horticultural Garden, Professor Jaya Shankar Telangana State Agriculture University, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad. To study the effect of seaweed extract on the growth parameters of carrots. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design (RBD) with eight treatments and replicated thrice. The treatments include various sources of biostimulants viz., Seaweed extract liquid, seaweed granules, vermicompost and vermiwash given as foliar application on three stages viz., first spray on 2-3 leaves stage and thereafter at every 20 days interval and as soil application twice at the time of sowing as well as 30 DAS.The various growth parameters were recorded. The results revealed that on application of RDF + soil application of seaweed extract twice at the time of sowing and at 30 DAS + foliar spray thrice 2.5 ml l-1 of water significantly increased the growth parameters viz., plant height, number of leaves per plant, chlorophyll content.

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Rahman, M., MH Rashid, MK Shahadat, AK Chowdhury und M. Akkas Ali. „Effect of Planting Dates on Performance of Broccoli In Costal Area of Bangladesh“. Bangladesh Journal of Agricultural Research 45, Nr. 4 (15.12.2022): 419–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v45i4.63248.

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The field experiment on broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica L.) taking three planting dates viz., 21 November, 01 December and 11 December, 2019 and four genotypes, namely BARI Broccoli-1, Thiland-1, Thailand-2 and Japan-1 was conducted during rabi season of 2019-20 in the experimental field of Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, On-Farm Research Division, Dawlatpur, Khulna to investigate the effect of planting dates on the growth and yield of broccoli genotypes on saline soil having salinity level 2.6-4.8 dS/m . The experiment was laid out in 4 x 3 factorial randomized complete block design with three replications. The genotype Japan-1 gave maximum number of leaves/plant (25.44), fresh weight of leaves/plant (830.77 g), fresh weight of stem/plant (311.69 g), fresh weight of root/plant (53.47 g), which were not reflected into yield and yield attributes. The genotype Thailand-2 produced significantly lower all growth characters than those of Japan-1 but gave the highest curd diameter (18.11 cm, curd weight (360.19 g) and curd yield (16.01 t/ha) of all genotypes. Broccoli planted on 21 November initiated early flower head, recorded maximum number of leaves/plant (27.84), fresh weight of leaves/plant (800.87 g), fresh weight of stem/plant (313.73 g), fresh weight of root/plant (60.79 g), curd diameter (17.01 cm), curd weight (285.65 g) and curd yield (12.69 t/ha). The genotype Thiland-2 coupled with 21 November showed the best performance in respect of curd weight (419.74 g/plant) and curd yield (18.66 t/ha). Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 45(4): 419-429, December 2020

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Guo, Zhi Cheng, Yu Zhong Li, Qiao Zhen Li, Chun Ying Xu, Yi Wei Dong und Fu Li Fang. „Effect of Chemical Fertilizer and Compost on Natural ¹⁵N Abundance of Tomato Leaves and Fruits“. Advanced Materials Research 524-527 (Mai 2012): 2238–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.524-527.2238.

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Organic farming is a good way to reduce environmental pollution. However, no related detection of fertilizer applications, which are extremely important in organic farming, exists. The δ15N value of chemical fertilizer (–3.8 to +2‰) is far lower than compost (>+10‰). Thus, natural 15N abundance (δ15N) in leaves and fruits may be used to reveal the application of N fertilizer. In this experiment, six treatments were laid out: 635 g (C1), 952 g (C2), and 1270 g (C3) of compost were applied as basal fertilizer in each pot. Alternately, 10.7 g (U1), 16 g (U2), and 21.3 g (U3) of urea were applied as basal fertilizer and 10.7 g (U1), 16 g (U2), and 21.3 g (U3) urea were applied as top-dressing, respectively, in each pot. C1 and U1, C2 and U2, and C3 and U3 had equal amounts of nitrogen fertilization. In all three fertilizer levels, the leaves and fruits sampled from the U group had significantly lower values than those sampled from the C group within the same period. The δ15N values of the leaves and fruits from the C group decreased slowly. The δ15N values of leaves sampled at 40 days after transplanting were fairly low. The δ15N values of leaves and fruits from the U group increased initially, due to the small amounts of urea left, which then led the plants to absorb N from the culture substrates. However, the δ15N values of leaves and fruits from the U group decreased rapidly after the top-dressing was applied, where the minimum values occurred during the final stage.

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Elsiddig, Fathelrahman I., und Mohamed H. Hamad Elneel. „Effect of Ocimum basilicum L. and Eucalyptus camaledulensis Dehn. powders on Cowpea weevil ( Callosobruchus maculatus F.) in stored cowpea“. Al-Mukhtar Journal of Sciences 32, Nr. 2 (31.12.2017): 111–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.54172/mjsc.v32i2.182.

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A laboratory experiment was carried out during the period June – September 2011 at Abu Naama Faculty of Agriculture - University of Sinnar, Sudan, to study the effect of different powdered preparations of leaves and flowers of Rehan and leaves of Cafure on cowpea weevil (Callosobruchus maculatus Fabric.). The experiment was laid out as a complete randomized design (CRD) with four replicates. Different concentrations of the two tested plants were formulated by weight from 2 kg of cowpea seeds to give the following treatments: Rehan leaves powder 5% and 10%, Rehan flowers powder 5% and 10%, Cafure leaves powder 5%, and 10%, and untreated control. The treatments were added to clean cowpea seeds. Number of eggs, number of adults, and 100 seed weight were recorded every two weeks up to the end of the experiment. Results indicated that Rehan and Cafure powders of the two concentrations 5%, 10% significantly reduced the number of eggs and adults of cowpea weevil Callosobruchus maculatus up to 12 weeks compared to the untreated control. Results also indicated that starting from the 4th week up until the10th week; all treatments of 10% concentration were significantly different from the untreated control in term of 100 seed weight. Results concluded that the performance of the tested preparations will still encourage the inclusion of these products in IPM programs with other natural and biological measures.

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Elzen, G. W. „Ovicidal Activity Trials, 1988“. Insecticide and Acaricide Tests 14, Nr. 1 (01.01.1989): 232–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iat/14.1.232.

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Abstract Treatments were applied to cotton grown in small plots at Stoneville, Miss. Test 1 and Test 2 were applied 9 and 30 Aug, respectively, using a high-clearance sprayer calibrated to deliver 5 gal/acre at 5 mph and 40 psi using 2 TX6 nozzles/row. Plot size was 30 ft by 4 rows arranged in a randomized complete block with 4 replicates/treatment. TB eggs were obtained from a culture maintained at the Southern Field Crop Insect Management Laboratory, USDA-ARS, Stoneville. All eggs used were laid the previous night on tulle cloth material. Eggs were not washed or subjected to chemical treatments before use and were easily removed from the material. Eggs were exposed to insecticides in 2 ways. First, eggs to be treated in the field were placed on the upper surface of the last 3-4 expanded leaves in the terminal of a plant in each replication by brushing a weak solution of xanthium gum and water on the leaves and sprinkling eggs on the surface. Plots were sprayed 30 min after application of the eggs. Eggs sprayed on the plant remained in the field for 2 h after treatment and were then taken to the laboratory to determine mortality. Second, treated leaves (1 from each replication) were collected 24, 48, and 72 h after spraying in the field and taken to the laboratory where eggs were placed on them and mortality was determined over time. Eggs were sprinkled on each leaf in the field and in the laboratory in an effort to get at least 10 eggs/leaf. The number of viable eggs was counted on each leaf in the laboratory 24 h after they were sprayed in the field or placed on sprayed leaves in the laboratory. The number of eggs/leaf averaged 14.0 ± 5.7 (SD). Leaves from all treatments were held in Petri dishes on water-moistened filter paper at 82°F.

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Dwiyani, Rindang, Hestin Yuswanti, Ni Nyoman Ari Mayadewi und Yuyun Fitriani. „RUNNER-TIP CULTURE OF STRAWBERRY (Fragaria x ananassa Duch) GROWN ON SEVERAL SHOOT-INDUCTION MEDIUM“. International Journal of Biosciences and Biotechnology 8, Nr. 1 (02.11.2020): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/ijbb.2020.v08.i01.p02.

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A research regarding “Runner-tip culture of strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duch) Grown on Several Shoot-induction Medium” has been investigated. The objective of the research was to find out the most suitable medium for shoot production from runner-tip culture of strawberry at establishment step of micropropagation. The research was laid out in a Completely Randomized Design, 4 treatments of medium type for shoot induction and 10 replication, each was represented by one (1) bottle with 6-8 explants. The treatments were summarized as follows: T1 = MS ; T2 = MS + 2 ppm BAP + 0.01 ppm NAA; T3 = MS + 1 ppm of TDZ; T4 = WPM + 2 ppm BAP + 0.01 ppm NAA. The parameters observed were days of the bud emergence, the average number of shoots per explant, and the average number of leaves per explant. It can be concluded that among medium used in the current research, the medium of MS added with 1 ppm thidiazuron (TDZ) was the most suitable medium for shoot production of strawberry from the explant of runner-tips. The treatment was resulted in the earliest time of bud emergence, and producing the highest number of shoots and leaves.

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Islam, M. R., M. R. Ali, W. R. Ahmed, M. M. Rahman und H. Hira. „Varietal performance of cabbage on the incidence of flea beetles (Phyllotreta spp.)“. ENTOMOLOGIA HELLENICA 24, Nr. 1 (01.06.2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/eh.11540.

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A study was conducted at the Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Bangladesh, during September 2007 to February 2008 to evaluate the varietal performance of cabbage on the incidence of flea beetles [Phyllotreta spp., (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)]. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design comprising seven varieties viz. V1: BARI badhakopi-1/Provati, V2: BARI badhakopi-2/Agrodot, V3: Atlas-70, V4: Autumn queen, V5: Tropical queen, V6: T-776 and V7: Seisho YR. Among the different varieties of cabbage V5 (Tropical queen) performed as the best variety in terms of the lowest incidence of flea beetles (0.00 larvae/plant), lowest percent of leaves infestation (0.87 %) as well as plant infestation (2 %) caused by flea beetles. These findings will be valuable for the most appropriate management of flea beetles.

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P, KARUPPUCHAMY, BALASUBRAMANIAN G und SUNDARA BABU P.C. „THE BIOLOGY OF POMEGRANATE FRUITBORER, Deudorix isocrates“. Madras Agricultural Journal 85, june (1998): 252–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.29321/maj.10.a00731.

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The biology of pomegranate fruitborer, Deudorix isocrates was studied at the Horticultural Research Station, Yercaud, Tamil Nadu. The females laid the eggs on flowers, fruits, stem, stalk and on leaves either singly or in groups of 2 10 7. The total developmental period from egg to adult emergence ranged from 33 to 41 days with 5 larval instars. The egg. larva, prepupa and pupal periods ranged from 4 to 7, 19 to 25, 2 to 3 and 7 to 10 days respectively. The adult longevity. prcoviposition and oviposition period varied from 7 to 11, 3 to 5 and 3 to 6 days with an average fecundity of 31.4 eggs/female. The life table studies indicated that the net reproductive rate (Ro) was 14,68 and the mean generation time (Te) was 44.72 days.

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AKINTOKUN, P. O., D. U. AMUOFU, M. O. ATAYESE und C. O. ADEJUYIGBE. „GROWTH AND YIELD OF OKRA VARIETIES AS AFFECTED BY RATES OF ORGANO-BASED FOLIAR FERTILIZERS IN RAINFOREST AND RAINFOREST/SAVANNA TRANSITION AGRO-ECOLOGY OF NIGERIA“. Journal of Agricultural Science and Environment 19, Nr. 1 (02.10.2020): 29–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.51406/jagse.v19i1.2013.

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A field experiments were conducted at the Directorate of University Farms, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta (FUNAAB) and National Horticulture Research Institute (NIHORT), Ibadan between May and August 2015 to assess the effect of different f organo-based fertilizer (fertilizer applied on the leaves) and their rate on growth and yield of two Okra Varieties: LD88 (Late Maturity), and NHAe–47 (Early Maturity). The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design and replicated three times. The experiment was a 2 × 2 × 5 factorial combinations laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design in a split-split-plot arrangement, with three replicates at both locations. Factors were okra varieties (LD88 and NHAe–47), the fertilizer types (D.I grow green ® and D.I grow red®) and four rate of foliar applications (0, 300, 600 and 900 ml/ha) while NPK 15:15:15 served as check were applied at 4,6, and 8 Weeks After Sowing (WAS). Agronomic data were obtained from growth and yield variables. Results showed that varieties had significant (P≤ 0.05) effect on growth and yield variables. Variety of LD88 had higher plant height and more leaves than NHAe-47 at both locations. Foliar fertilizer had significant (P≤ 0.05) effect on growth and yield variables. The D.I Grow Green® produced significantly numbers of leaves (11, 9). Application rate of 300 ml/ha and 600 ml/ha D.I.Grow Green® gave a better performance. The LD88 variety produced significantly (P< 0.05) longer pod length (4.68 cm), fresh fruit weight (4.84 t/ha) and dry fruit weight (0.31 t/ha) than NHAe-47. Application rate of 600 mls/ha D.I.Grow Red® produced significantly fresh fruit weight (5.79 t/ha) compared to control (1.32 t/ha). In conclusion, okra variety LD88 had superior growth and yield performance. Application of D.I.Grow Red® at the rate of 300 ml/ha at Funaab and 600ml/ha at Nihort enhance fruit yield performance on okra. Therefore, 300ml/ha and 600ml/ha could be recommended to farmers in Rainforest/Savanna transition (Abeokuta) and Rainforest agro-ecology (Ibadan), respectively , , , ,

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Elzen, G. W. „Ovicidal Activity Trials, 1990“. Insecticide and Acaricide Tests 16, Nr. 1 (01.01.1991): 181. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iat/16.1.181.

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Abstract Treatments were applied to cotton grown in small plots at Stoneville, Miss. The test was applied 16 Jul using a high-clearance sprayer calibrated to deliver 6 gal/acre at 5 mph and 40 psi using 2, TX8 nozzles/row. Plot size was 30 ft × 4 rows arranged in a randomized complete block with 4 replicates/treatment. TB eggs were obtained from a culture maintained at the Southern Field Crop Insect Management Laboratory, USDA-ARS, Stoneville. All eggs used were laid the previous night on tulle cloth material. Eggs were not washed or subjected to chemical treatments before use and were easily removed by crumpling the material. Eggs were exposed to insecticides in 2 ways. First, eggs to be treated in the field were placed on the upper surface of the last 3—4 expanded leaves in the terminal of 4 plants in each replication by brushing a weak solution of xanthan gum and water on the leaves and sprinkling eggs on the surface. Plots were sprayed 30 min after application of the eggs. Eggs sprayed on the plant remained in the field for 2 h after treatment and were then taken to the laboratory to determine mortality. Second, treated leaves (4 from each replication) were collected at 24, 48, and 72 h after spraying in the field and taken to the laboratory where eggs were placed on them and mortality was determined over time. Eggs were sprinkled on each leaf in the field and in the laboratory in an effort to get at least 10 eggs/leaf. The number of viable eggs was counted on each leaf in the laboratory 24 h after being sprayed in the field or placed on sprayed leaves in the laboratory. The number of eggs/leaf averaged 15.0 ± 5.5 (S.D.). Leaves from all treatments were held in Petri dishes on water-moistened filter paper at 82°F. The number of unhatched eggs was determined at 72 and 96 h after eggs were applied. Eggs were considered dead when black and shriveled. Cumulative egg mortality 96 h after collection or treatment is reported. On 17 Jul, after the 24 h treated leaves were collected and prior to collection of 48 h treated leaves, 0.5 inch of rain was recorded.

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Han, Zhijun, Yue Lu, Yanfei Zhao, Yaping Wang, Zhongcai Han, Yuzhu Han und Jingying Zhang. „Analysis of Relative Expression of Key Enzyme Genes and Enzyme Activity in Nitrogen Metabolic Pathway of Two Genotypes of Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) under Different Nitrogen Supply Levels“. Horticulturae 8, Nr. 9 (26.08.2022): 769. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae8090769.

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Nitrogen (N) plays an important role in the growth cycle of the potato, and is an important guarantee of yield and quality. Rational N application is one of the key ways to improve a crop’s high and stable yield and economic and environmental benefits. The N nutrition level of potato regulates the gene expression of enzymes related to the N metabolism pathway, which shows the change of the activity of key enzymes in N metabolism, and finally realizes the regulation of N absorption and utilization. In this study, the key enzyme genes and enzyme activity of different genotypes of potato under different N supply treatments were identified, which laid a foundation for further exploration of the functions of each gene in the potato N metabolism pathway and provided theoretical basis for rational N application. The results showed that the relative expression levels of StNRT1.5, StNR, StNiR in leaves, StNRT2.5, StNRT2.4, StGS1-2 in roots and StNRT2.7, StGS1-3, StGS2, StGS1-4, StFd-GOGAT in leaves and roots showed that the levels of N-inefficient potato Atlantic (A) were higher than the N-efficient potato Yanshu 4 (Y), while the relative expression levels of StNRT2.5, StGS1-2 in leaves, StNRT1.5StNR, StNiR in roots and StGDH, StNADH-GOGAT in leaves and roots showed that levels in Yanshu 4 (Y) were higher than in Atlantic (A). At the same time, we especially found that the GDH activity in the leaves of the two genotypes of potato were higher at low N levels. Additionally, the activity of NR and NiR, and the activity of GS and GOGAT were correlated. In addition, the changes of key enzymes in different N metabolism showed a certain continuity with the advancement of growth and development, and some gene expression rules and enzyme activity changes also showed a certain consistency.

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LeSage, Laurent. „THE EGGS AND LARVAE OF CRYPTOCEPHALUS QUADRUPLEX NEWMAN AND C. VENUSTUS FABRICIUS, WITH A KEY TO THE KNOWN IMMATURE STAGES OF THE NEARCTIC GENERA OF CRYPTOCEPHALINE LEAF BEETLES (COLEOPTERA: CHRYSOMELIDAE)“. Canadian Entomologist 118, Nr. 2 (Februar 1986): 97–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.4039/ent11897-2.

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AbstractThe eggs and larvae of Cryptocephalus quadruplex Newman and C. venustus Fabricius are described and illustrated. Both species very likely overwinter in the larval stage. The adults emerge from the last week of May to mid-June. Before mating they feed on plants for about a week. The oviposition period is quite extended and lasts from mid-June to the end of July. The eggs are laid singly in the leaf litter. The hatching period was 10–15 days in the laboratory. The larvae develop through 5 instars and feed exclusively on dead or decaying leaves of various plants. By the end of September most of them have grown to the 4th instar, some to the 5th. At this moment they stop feeding and move deeper in the leaf litter for overwintering. The 1st instar is easily recognized by the presence of the egg bursters on meso- and metathorax, the large flattened-papillate setae of the head capsule, and the presence of 2 pairs of spiniform setae on tibiae. In the following instars the size varies as well as the number of spiniform setae on the tibiae and the number of secondary clubbed setae on the pronotum.

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., Indriyati, und Franciscus Xaverius Susilo. „PRELIMINARY STUDY ON EUBLEMMA SP. (EUBLEMMINAE): A LEPIDOPTERAN PREDATOR OF COCCUS VIRIDIS (HEMIPTERA: COCCIDAE) ON COFFEE PLANTS IN BANDARLAMPUNG, INDONESIA“. JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA 15, Nr. 1 (02.03.2015): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/j.hptt.11510-16.

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Preliminary study on Eublemma sp. (Eublemminae): a Lepidopteran predator of Coccus viridis (Hemiptera: Coccidae) on coffee plants in Bandarlampung, Indonesia. The objectives of this study were 1) to identify a Lepidopteran predator of the soft green scale Coccus viridis and 2) to present preliminary data on the predator’s feeding rate. Some coffee leaves where eggs of the Lepidopteran predator have been laid in C. viridis colonies were taken from the field and observed in the laboratory. The predator’s growth and development was noted and the specimens were identified up to generic level based on the caterpillar morphology. Ten coffee leaves each with certain number of C. viridis were also collected from the field, transferred to the laboratory, and each was inoculated with one starved caterpillar that had just formed its protective casing. The number of surviving C. viridis was counted daily. This study reveals that the caterpillar, identified as Eublemma sp. Is found to feed obligately on C. viridis. The predation rate of Eublemma sp. in laboratory is 97 + 11 scales / caterpillar.

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Khatun, MJM, MS Islam, T. Haque und N. Khan. „Propagation of Jackfruit by Modified Cleft Grafting as Influenced by Time of Operation“. Progressive Agriculture 19, Nr. 2 (09.11.2013): 67–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/pa.v19i2.16930.

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The experiment was conducted to study the effect of time (season) of grafting on the performance of modified cleft grafting of Jackfruit at the BAU Germplasm Centre (GPC) of Fruit Tree Improvement Project (FTIP) of the Department of Horticulture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. The experiment consisting ten levels of grafting times, viz., 30th March, 15th April, 30th April, 15th May, 30th May, 15th June, 30th June, 15th July, 30th July, 15th August, was laid out in RCBD with three replications. The results revealed that grafting done on 14th August showed the highest success (39%) and took the lowest time to first flush and first leaf opening (4.66 and 5.00 days, respectively) whereas the success rates were very low at the months of March, April and May. Likewise the highest vegetative growth of the grafted plants in terms of height, diameter, number of leaves, length and breadth of the leaves was found with grafting done on 14th August.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/pa.v19i2.16930 Progress. Agric. 19(2): 67 - 74, 2008

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Lalhriatzuali, K., Narendra Swaroop, Tarence Thomas und Satya Ranjan Mohanta. „Effect of Organic and Inorganic Fertilizer on Growth and Yield Attributes of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.)“. International Journal of Plant & Soil Science 35, Nr. 19 (17.08.2023): 187–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ijpss/2023/v35i193541.

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Research was conducted by using effective management application of Flyash, Azospirillum and inorganic fertilizer with objective to enhance the growth and yield of okra crop. The field experiment was carried out at the research farm of soil science and agricultural chemistry, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj during Zaid season 2022. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with 9 treatments replicated three times. Data were collected on plant height, number of leaves, number of branches, fruits per plants and yield. Results showed significant differences on all parameters such that the best plant height with the most leaves, high number of branches, greater number of fruits per plant and highest yield was registered in treatment with the combination of Flyash 25 t ha-1, Azospirillum 2 kg ha-1 with RDF 100: 60: 50 kg ha-1 indicating that the synergy by Azospirillum, Flyash and fertilizers improved growth and yield. The results are based on one season experiment, therefore further investigation is recommended to substantiate the findings.

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IDERAWUMI, ABDULRAHEEM MUKHTAR. „Effect of cowpea on growth and yield parameter in a maize-cowpea intercrop“. Journal of Management and Science 1, Nr. 1 (30.06.2014): 37–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.26524/jms.2014.5.

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An experiment was carried out during the raining season of the year 2011 at the Teaching and Research Farm of Oyo State College of Education (Now Emmanuel Alayande College of Education, Oyo), Lanlate Campus, to investigate the effect of geometric row arrangement on the growth and yield of cowpea in a maize-cowpea intercrop. There were 1:1, 1:2 and 2:1 maize/cowpea row arrangement with a sole crop of cowpea as control. The experiment was laid on out in a Random Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replicates, No significant difference among the growth parameter (plant height, number of leaves and number of branches) intercropped and the sole cowpea plants (p<0.05). However cowpea intercropped with maize at 1:1 row arrangement recorded highestgrain yield per plant and consequently per hectare than those of 1:2 and 2:1 row arrangement, through not significantly difference from them. It is hereby recommend that cowpea and maize should be planted at 1:1 row arrangement.

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Momin, Md Abdul, A. F. M. Saiful Islam, Md Sharaf Uddin, Jahirul Alom und Mahadi Hasan Monshi. „Evaluation of Growth Performance and Economic Return Analysis of Bathua (Chenopodium album) Genotypes“. Journal of Tropical Crop Science 10, Nr. 03 (29.10.2023): 166–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/jtcs.10.03.166-175.

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Bathua (Chenopodium album), a fast-growing weedy annual plant under the genus Chenopodium, is valuable for its high nutritional, medicinal and economic values as a leafy vegetable. The present study was carried out to evaluate the growth performance and economic returns of bathua genotypes in acid soil at Sylhet, Bangladesh. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Morphological and growth parameters were recorded at the final harvest. The maximum plant height, number of branches per plant, fresh weight of inflorescence and leaf length were recorded in local bathua 1(110.5 cm, 65.33, and 8.93 g, respectively). The maximum fresh weight of leaves per plant, the maximum dry weight of leaves per plant were recorded in local bathua 2 (39.92 g and 8.79 g respectively). Results revealed that the studied morphological parameters including plant height, fresh and dry weight of leaves per plant, fresh and dry weight of stem per plant, fresh and dry weight of inflorescence per plant, stem base diameter, number of leaves per plant, number of branches per plant and leaf length influences the foliage yield of bathua. The highest foliage yield (9.20 t.ha-1), total gross return (Tk.552000.ha-1), net return (Tk.367000.ha-1) and BCR (2.98) were found in local bathua 1. From the findings of the present study, local bathua 1 could achieve higher productivity and profitability in acid soils of Sylhet, Bangladesh.

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Mala, P. Harshita, K. G. Banuprakash, K. S. Vinoda, Fatima Sadatulla, G. G. Kadalli und D. C. Hanumanthappa. „Efficacy of Hydrogels under Sensor Based Irrigation on Biochemical Contents of Tree Mulberry Leaves“. International Journal of Plant & Soil Science 36, Nr. 5 (15.03.2024): 30–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ijpss/2024/v36i54499.

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The efficacy of hydrogels under sensor-based irrigation on biochemical contents of tree mulberry leaves was studied during 2022-23 and the experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with nine treatment combinations and three replications. The hydrogels were applied during beginning of first crop and the observations were recorded at 45th Day After Pruning (DAP), the pooled data of five crops were analyzed. Main plot include two different types of hydrogels viz., Pusa hydrogel (T1- Pusa hydrogel @ 1 kg/ac, T2- Pusa hydrogel @ 2 kg/ac, T3- Pusa hydrogel @ 3 kg/ac and T4- Pusa hydrogel @ 4 kg/ac) and Zeba hydrogel (T5- Zeba hydrogel @ 3 kg/ac, T6- Zeba hydrogel @ 4 kg/ac, T7- Zeba hydrogel @ 5 kg/ac, and T8- Zeba hydrogel @ 6 kg/ac) and T9-control without hydrogel. The biochemical composition of leaf viz., total chlorophyll (2.59 mgg-1), protein (20.32%), carbohydrates (20.29%), crude fibre (12.13%), fat (1.12%) and ash contents (9.54%) were found highest in the treatment which received Zeba hydrogel @ 6 kg/ac.

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Urban, Jaroslav. „Occurrence, Biology and Harmfulness of Byctiscus betulae (L.) (Coleoptera, Rhynchitidae)“. Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 63, Nr. 5 (2015): 1601–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201563051601.

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In 2012 and 2013, was studied the occurrence, biology and harmfulness ofByctiscus betulae(L.) (Rhynchitidae) on forest woody plants in the Brno region. Leaf rolls were found on 13 species (and 10 genera) of woody plants. Most frequently, they occurred onFagus sylvatica,Tiliaspp. (namely onT. cordata),Salix capreaandPopulus tremula. The beetles hibernate in ground pupal chambers and appear on woody plants in the last decade of April. After hibernation, females live on average seven (males five) weeks, and damage on average 40 (males 25) cm2of leaves. The females create leaf rolls on annual shoots they have gnawed, exceptionally (in 2%) on leaves with damaged petioles. In the rolls onF. sylvatica, they roll on average 5.6 leaves whose total average area is 49.5 cm2and lay on average 5.1 eggs. In the rolls onTiliaspp., they roll on average 3.3 leaves whose total area is 63.2 cm2and lay on average 4.9 eggs. In the rolls onS. caprea, they roll on average 3.3 leaves whose total area is 38.3 cm2and lay on average 3.5 eggs. The maximum number of laid eggs (on average 8.0) was observed in the leaf rolls onVitis vinifera. The average number of eggs in the leaf rolls was decreasing from May to July. The number of eggs was increasing with the increasing total leaf area rolled. The females lay on average 50 eggs. OnP. tremula,S. capreaandPyrus pyrasterthey create about 15 leaf rolls, onF. sylvaticaandTiliaspp. about 10 leaf rolls and onV. viniferaca. 8 leaf rolls. Embryogenesis lasts from 8 to 9 days. Larvae develop over 3 instars and damage ca. 300 mm2of leaves. Coming of age within 4−7 weeks, they leave the leaf rolls from mid-June to the beginning of September.

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Tiwari, Abhishek, M. L. Meena, Ruchika Abha und Rajesh Kumar Meena. „Effect of Integrated Nutrient Management on Growth of Onion (Allium cepa L.) cv. Pusa Shobha“. Journal of Experimental Agriculture International 46, Nr. 6 (19.05.2024): 681–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/jeai/2024/v46i62524.

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Aim: The objective of the research was to study the effect of integrated nutrient management on growth of onion (Allium cepa L.) cv. Pusa Shobha Study Design: The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with three replications. Place and Duration of Study: The experiment conducted during Rabi season in the year of 2021-22 and 2022-23 both the year at Horticulture Research Farm, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (A Central University), Vidya Vihar Raebareli Road Lucknow, (U.P). Methodology: The experiment was laid out in RBD with three replications, Mean and ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) was used in field experiment. The treatments consisted of T0 Control (without fertilizers), T1- 100% RDF (NPK@150:50:80 Kg/ha): T2- 100% RDF + FYM (10 t/ha); T3 -100% RDF + FYM (5 t/ha) + Vermicompost (2 t/ha); T4 -100% RDF + FYM (10 t/ha) + Azotobacter (5 Kg/ha) + PSB (5 Kg/ha); T5 -100% RDF + FYM (5 t/ha) + Vermicompost (2 t/ha) + Azotobacter (5 Kg/ha) + PSB (5 Kg/ha); T6 -75% RDF + FYM (10 t/ha); T7 -75% RDF + FYM (5 t/ha) + Vermicompost (2 t/ha); T8 -75% RDF + FYM (10 t/ha) + Azotobacter (5 Kg/ha) + PSB (5 Kg/ha): T9 -75% RDF + FYM (5 t/ha) + Vermicompost (2 t/ha) + Azotobacter (5 Kg/ha) + PSB (5 Kg/ha). T10 -50% RDF + FYM (10 t/ha); T11- 50% RDF + FYM (5 t/ha) + Vermicompost (2 t/ha); T12- 50% RDF + FYM (10 t/ha) + Azotobacter (5 Kg/ha) + PSB (5 Kg/ha);T13 -50% RDF + FYM (5 t/ha) + Vermicompost (2 t/ha) + Azotobacter (5 Kg/ha) + PSB (5 Kg/ha). Results: Based on the results, it is clear that the integration of organic manures and bio-fertilizers had a significant effect in enhancing growth parameters of onion and the treatment T9- 75% RDF + FYM (5 t/ha) + Vermicompost (2 t/ha) + Azotobacter (5 Kg/ha) + PSB (5 Kg/ha) is significantly different compared to other treatments as performed better with respect to growth characters such as maximum values for plant height at 30, 60 & 90DAT, number of leaves per plant at 30,60 & 90 DAT, length of leaf at 30,60 & 90 DAT of onion. Conclusion: Integrated approach of Vermicompost, FYM and biofertilizer performed better with respect to growth parameters viz. plant height, number of leaves, leaf length of onion.

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Rojoni, RN, TS Roy, M. D. Sarkar, K. Kabir und A. Ullah. „Growth and Yield of Different Size-Seedling Tubers Derived from True Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Seeds as Influenced by Clump Planting“. Agriculturists 12, Nr. 1 (06.08.2014): 111–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/agric.v12i1.19866.

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An experiment was conducted at the Horticulture farm of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh during November 2010 to March 2011. Four levels of seedling tuber size, viz. 6-<7 g (S1), 7-<8 g (S2), 8-<9 g (S3) and, 9-?10 g (S4) and three levels of seedling tuber, viz. 1 hill-1 (N1), 2 hill-1 (N2) and 3 hill-1 (N3) were laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. At harvest, the tallest plant (82.17 cm), highest number of leaves plant-1 (83.30), highest LAI (6.23), tubers weight hill-1 (128.90 g) and tuber yield ha-1 (25.78 t) were found in S4, while the lowest was in S1. On the other hand, the tallest plant (74.91 cm), highest number of leaves plant-1 (74.45), highest LAI (5.41), tubers weight hill-1 (123.95 g) and tuber yield ha-1 (24.79 t) were found in N3, while the lowest was in N1. The tallest plant (85.09 cm), highest number of leaves plant-1 (87.97), highest LAI (6.64), tubers weight hill-1 (138.35 g) and tuber yield ha-1 (27.67 t) were found in S4N3 and the lowest gross tuber yield ha-1(12.83 t) was from S1N1. Large seedling tuber with single seedling tuber hill-1 performed better. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/agric.v12i1.19866 The Agriculturists 2014; 12(1) 111-121

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Nazrul, MI, und ST Zannat. „Effect of Planting Date on Phenotypic Characters, Harvested Leaves and Seed Yield of Mustard Green (Lai Shak) In Sylhet Region“. Bangladesh Journal of Agricultural Research 45, Nr. 2 (05.06.2022): 165–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v45i2.59864.

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A field trial was conducted at farming system research and development (FSRD) site, South SurmainSylhet under AEZ-20 during two consecutive years of 2017- 18 and 2018-19 to find out the suitable planting date for successful and economic production of leaves and seed yield of mustard green (Brassica juncea). The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design having five different dates of seedling transplant viz. 15 October, 30 October, 15 November, 30 November and 15 December with four dispersed replications.The seedlings transplanted on 15 November recorded significantly the highestnumber of harvested leaves plant-1, weight of single leaf, harvested leaf yield (35.07 t ha-1), siliqua plant -1 and weight of 1000-seed and seed yield (1.38 t ha-1) of mustard green. The highest gross return (Tk. 862800 ha-1) and net return (Tk. 627300 ha-1) with benefit cost ratio (BCR) of 3.66 was obtained from 15 November planting followed by 30 October planting. Conversely, the lowest gross return (Tk.611620 ha-1), net return (Tk. 376120 ha-1) and BCR (2.59) were recorded from 15 December planting. So, last October to mid-November planting would be suitable for economic production of leaves and seed yield of brown mustard in Sylhet region of Bangladesh. Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 45(2): 165-174, June 2020

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Liang, Zhonghou, Xiang Li, Ping Li, Ye Deng, Yuan Zhong und Hua Yang. „Kadsura coccinea Lignan Metabolism Based on Metabolome and Transcriptome Analysis“. Journal of Oncology 2022 (01.08.2022): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/3152155.

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Kadsura coccinea is an important resource of traditional Chinese medicine. We find out the gene information of enzymes related to lignan biosynthesis and metabolism of Kadsura coccinea, so as to provide a scientific basis for the breeding of new varieties of Kadsura coccinea. In this paper, 2-year-old Kadsura coccinea from Hunan Kadsura coccinea provincial germplasm resource bank was used as the material and its root, stem, and leaf were analyzed by extensive targeted metabolomics combined with transcriptome sequencing. The results showed the following: (1) 51 lignans were detected by metabolome analysis, and the content of lignans in roots was higher than that in stems and leaves. The high content of lignans in roots, stems, and leaves includes ring-opening isolarch phenol-4-o-glucoside, narrow leaf schisandrin E, and schisandrin B. (2) After transcriptome sequencing, 13 classes of 137 Unigenes related to lignan biosynthesis pathway were retrieved. The analysis of differential genes in different parts showed that the overall expression amount and species of Kadsura coccinea lignan synthase gene in stems and leaves were closer than those in roots. CCoAOMT, C3H, and SIDR gene families are mainly expressed in roots and stems. (3) Metabolome combined with transcriptome analysis further screened these genes and obtained 11 genes of enzyme gene families such as HCT, DIR, COMT, CAD, SIDR, and PLR, which are highly correlated in lignan synthesis. Therefore, there are many lignans and their synthase-related genes in Kadsura coccinea roots, stems, and leaves, but the content and expression of different lignans and their synthase-related genes are quite different in each part. In this study, the gene information of the Kadsura coccinea lignan biosynthesis enzyme was obtained for the first time, which laid a good foundation for the cloning and molecular breeding of the key enzyme gene of lignan biosynthesis.

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Kantyal, Deepika, Puja Rattan, Ashutosh Sharma und A. Harshavardhan Reddy. „Effect of Microbial Inoculants on Growth, Yield and Quality Attributes of Brinjal“. International Journal of Economic Plants 11, May, 2 (16.05.2024): 086–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.23910/2/2024.5218b.

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The present investigation was carried outduring May- August, 2021 at DAV University, Jalandhar, Punjab to find out the effect of microbial inoculants on growth, yield and quality attributes of brinjal (Solanum melongena L.). The experiment consisted of different microbial inoculants (Rhizobium, Trichoderma and Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria) and three varieties (Pusa Purple Long, BR-112 and Pusa Purple Round) laid out in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with three replications. Observations were recorded on days to first flowering, days to 50% flowering, plant height (cm), stem diameter (cm), number of primary branches, number of secondary branches, number of leaves per plant, fruit length (cm), fruit diameter (cm), number of fruits per plant, average fruit weight (g), yield per plant (Kg/plant), yield per plot (Kg/plot), TSS, ascorbic acid (mg/100g) and titratable acidity (%). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed significant effect of microbial inoculants, varieties and their interaction for all the characters under study. It was observed that plants which were treated with Rhizobium resulted in superior performance for most of the traits studied. Among varieties, desirable results were observed in Pusa Purple Long. Considering the interaction of microbial inoculants and varieties it was concluded that Pusa Purple Long treated with Rhizobium resulted in superior performance with respect to growth, yield and quality parameters of brinjal.

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Roy, TS, MT Rahaman, R. Chakraborty, M. Mostofa und MS Rahaman. „Effect of Biochar Application as a Soil Amendment on Growth and Yield of Sesame (Sesamumindicuml.)“. Bangladesh Agronomy Journal 22, Nr. 2 (16.06.2020): 113–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/baj.v22i2.47640.

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The experiment was conducted to study the effect of biochar on growth and yield of sesame. In the experiment, the treatment consisted of three varieties, viz., V1 = BARI Til- 2, V2 = BARI Til-3 and V3 = BARI Til-4, and five levels of biocharviz., B0= control (no biochar application), B1= 2 t ha-1, B2= 4 t ha-1, B3= 6 t ha-1 and B4= 8 t ha-1. The experiment was laid out in two factors randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications.Variety, application of different levels of biochar and their interaction showed statistically significant variation in plant height, number of leaves plant-1at 55 and 80 DAS and at harvest, capsules plant-1, seeds capsule-1, 1000-seed weight, seed yield, stover yield, biological yield and harvest index.The highest plant height (70.34, 110.95 and 109.84 cm at 55 and 80 DAS and at harvest respectively), number of leaves plant-1 (80.47, 116.70 and 94.54 at 55, 80 DAS and at harvest, respectively), number of branches plant-1 (3.60), capsules plant-1(80.47), number of seeds capsule-1(56.02),seed yield(1.07tha-1)andharvestindex(36.46%)were observed in the variety BARI Til-4 cultivated with the application of biochar @ 6 t ha-1 (V3*B3) and the lowest one was observed in variety BARI Til-2 with no biochar application (V1*B0).Biochar is effective for increasing growth and yield of sesame. Bangladesh Agron. J. 2019, 22(2): 113-127

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Hossain, MD, MF Karim, PK Biswas und MH Mahmud. „Effect of Added Urea Foliar Spray and Leaf Clipping on Growth and Yield Response of Mungbean“. Bangladesh Agronomy Journal 25, Nr. 2 (07.05.2023): 57–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/baj.v25i2.65938.

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An experiment was conducted at Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, during March to May 2018 to study the impact of added urea foliar spray and leaf clipping on growth and yield of mungbean. The experiment was laid out in Split-plot Design with three replications and composed of four levels of urea foliar spray viz. F0 = Recommended Fertilizer (RF) + No Foliar Spray (FS), F1 = RF + 1% Urea FS at Flower Initiation (FI), F2 = RF + 2% Urea FS at FI, F3 = RF + 3% Urea FS at FI and four levels of Leaf clipping viz. C0 = No leaf clipping, C1 = Clipping 1 basal leaf, C 2 = Clipping 2 basal leaves, C3= Clipping total apical leaves having no inflorescence. Results indicated that foliar spray and leaf clipping had significant effect on most of the growth and yield contributing parameters. In case of foliar spray of urea, the maximum plant height, nodules plant-1, highest above ground dry matter plant-1, pods plant-1, pod length, seeds pod-1, 1000 seed weight, seed yield, stover yield and biological yield were recorded from F0. In case of leaf clipping, all growth and yield attributes were recorded highest from C1. Regarding combined effect, the highest growth and yield parameters were recorded from the treatment combination of F0C1. So, F0 along with C1 is suggested for yield improvement in mungbean cultivation. Bangladesh Agron. J. 2022, 25(2): 57-65

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Hycenth, I. Abdu, S. Vandi und M. S. Yakubu. „Growth and Yield of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench) as Affected by Weeding Regimes in Mubi, Adamawa State“. African Journal of Agricultural Science and Food Research 15, Nr. 1 (21.07.2024): 118–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.62154/dbqmeh77.

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The two-year experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of weeding regimes on the growth and yield of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench) in Mubi Adamawa State, Northern Guinea Savannah, grown at the Tree Crop Plantation (TCP) Farm, School of Agriculture, Federal polytechnic, Mubi, during 2022 and 2023 rain cropping season. Mubi is located in the North-eastern part of Adamawa State laid between Latitude 90 26ʹ and100 10ʹN and Longitude 130 10ʹ and 130 44ʹE. at an Altitude of 696m above sea level. The experiments were laid out in Split Plot Design with four (4) treatments: No weeding (W1), 1 Weeding at 3 weeks after sowing (WAS) (W2), 2 weeding at 3, and 6 WAS (W3) and 3 weeding at 3, 6 and 9 WAS (W4), replicated 3 times. Data were collected on plant height, Number of leaves, stem diameter, days to 50 % flowering, fruit length, fruit diameter, fresh fruit yield per plot, fresh fruit yield per hectare and dried fruit yield per hectare. The data on growth and yield parameters were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) using Statistical Analysis System (SAS), (SAS, 2000) and means that showed significant differences were separated by F-test using Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT). The results revealed that weeding regimes significantly influenced plant height, number of leaves, and stem diameter, at 3, 6 and 9 WAS. On the response of phonological traits and yield components of okra, to weeding regimes and significant influences were observed in days to 50 % flowering, fruit length, fruit diameter, fresh fruit yield per plot, fresh fruit yield per hectare and dried fruit yield per hectare, accordingly. Treatment W4 performed significantly higher than the other treatments. The study therefore recommends 3 times weeding at an interval of 3 WAS to okra farmers in Mubi and its environs for optimum fruit yield.

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Mensah, Steven T., Edache B. Ochekwu, Uchechukwu G. Mgbedo und Miracle C. Uzoma. „Effect of N : P : K (15 : 15 : 15) on the Growth of Punica granatum L. Seedlings“. International Journal of Agronomy 2020 (11.09.2020): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/4653657.

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This study was conducted to determine the effect of NPK (15 : 15 : 15) fertilizer on some growth parameters of Punica granatum seedlings towards establishing the fertilizer amount optimal for the growth of P. granatum. Planting bags containing 23.3 kg of soil were used for planting the seeds of Punica granatum, and the soil was treated with different amounts of NPK 15 : 15 : 15 fertilizer (T1 = 0 g, T2 = 1 g, T3 = 2 g, T4 = 3 g, and T5 = 4 g) and watered daily with borehole water. The experiment was laid out in a completely randomized design with four replicates. Data were taken on the number of leaves (NOL), height of plant (HOP), and area of leaves (AOL) every three weeks for fifteen (15) weeks after planting. Results obtained using the Ochekwu Comparative Treatment Average (OCTA) trend showed that all the parameters under investigation increased significantly with an increase in fertilizer amount compared to the control. The optimum growth was observed to range between T3 and T4 for the number of leaves, height of plant, and area of leaves parameters studied. It was also observed that the increment of fertilizer amounts beyond this optimum point reduced biological yield previously obtained. Hence, for the optimum growth of P. granatum seedlings, NPK (15 : 15 : 15) fertilizer should be applied within the range of T3 and T4 or any other measurement that falls within the concentration range of T3 (0.09 g NPK kg−1 soil) and T4 (0.13 g NPK kg−1 soil) in the Niger Delta of Nigeria.

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Adam, AMM Golam, und Nargis Jahan. „Growth and yield of bari mung-5 (Vigna radiata L. Wilczek) following TIBA application“. Dhaka University Journal of Biological Sciences 23, Nr. 2 (20.08.2014): 179–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dujbs.v23i2.20098.

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An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of TIBA (0, 20, 50, 100, 150 mg/l) on the growth and yield attributes of BARI Mung?5 laid out in RBD. Plant height decreased due to TIBA treatments. Number of branches and leaves per plant were found to increase in all the treatments at all the ages of growth except at 7 DAS and the maximum number of branches and leaves were recorded due to 20 mg/l TIBA treatment. Dry matter per plant increased due to 20 mg/l TIBA in most cases and was significantly highest at harvest. All the yield contributing characters showed positive response to 20 mg/l TIBA treatment. Number of pods and seeds per plant and fresh and dry weights of pods significantly differed from all other treatments. Increase in yield per plant and yield per hectare following 20 mg/l TIBA was 22.60 and 22.80% over the control, respectively. The highest harvest index was also recorded from 20 mg/l TIBA followed by control. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dujbs.v23i2.20098 Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 23(2): 179-185, 2014

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Uzoma, Kingsley, Michael E. Nkereuwem, Uzaifa K. Adamu, Adeniyi O. Adeleye und Abe Mololuwa. „Effect of Mycorrhizal Inoculation on Growth and Nutrients Uptake of Maize Grown on Crude Oil Contaminated Soil“. Indonesian Journal of Social and Environmental Issues (IJSEI) 2, Nr. 2 (24.08.2021): 176–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.47540/ijsei.v2i2.264.

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This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of mycorrhizal inoculation on the growth and nutrients uptake of maize planted in crude oil-contaminated soil. About 10 kg sterilized topsoil was contaminated with Bonny light crude oil (BLCO) at different concentrations: 0, 200, 300, and 500 ml/pot. Maize was sown at three seeds per pot and later thinned to two stands per pot after two weeks. Inoculation in treatments containing AM consisted of 20 g of Glomus clarum. Data on residual TPH content of the soil, plant height, number of leaves, fresh and dry weights, and nutrients uptake were collected at 4, 8, and 12 weeks after sowing (WAS). The 2 x 4 factorial experiment was laid in a completely randomized design and replicated 3 times. The results obtained indicated that AM inoculated maize had higher and significantly (p˂0.05) nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, plant height, number of leaves, fresh and dry weights. Significantly (p˂0.05) lower residual TPH content was recorded with treatments inoculated with AM fungi compared to non-AM fungi inoculated treatments. AM colonization resulted in enhanced nutrients uptake thus, improving the physiological parameters of the test crop.

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ADELANI, D. O., O. S. AMOS und S. MAIKANO. „EFFECT OF THE BOTANICAL PELLETINGS AND STORAGE PERIODS ON THE GERMINATION OF AFRICAN STAR APPLE (CHRYSOPHYLLUM ALBIDUM G. DON) SEEDS“. Journal of Agricultural Science and Environment 17, Nr. 2 (16.05.2019): 37–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.51406/jagse.v17i2.1833.

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There is paucity of quantified information on the simple, safe and affordable methods of invigorating seeds and storage of recalcitrant seeds. In this light, investigation was conducted in the screen house of the Federal College of Forestry Mechanization, Afaka, Kaduna on the effect of the botanical pelletings and storage periods of C. albidum seeds. A seed pellet is a coating, usually of clay mixed with other inerts, which streamlines the size, shape, and uniformity of a small, non-round seed. A split-plot experimental design with four (4) replications was laid down to assess the effect of botanical pelletings with the leaves of six agro-forestry tree species (Gliricidia sepium, Leucaena leucocephala, Albizia lebbeck, Acacia auriculiformis, Parkia biglobosa and Dacryodus edulis) and storage periods (0, 1, 2, 3 and 4 weeks) on the germination of C. albidum seeds stored in the refrigerator. The data were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA)using SAS (2003)software. The percentage germination of seeds pelletized with G. sepium, L leucocephala, A. lebbeck, A. auriculiformis, P. biglobosa and D. edulis ranged between 18.50%-42.00%, 8.3%-13.60%, 5.2%-18.80%, 3.6% -16.30%, 5.0%-14.30%, and 2.5%-11.10%, for 2-8 weeks respectively. The percentage germination of seeds stored for 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4 weeks ranged between 8.50%-21%, 4.70%-24.58%, 9.42%-22.75%, 8.67%-19.58% and 3.33%-8.83% respectively. The percentage germination of seeds pelletized with the leaves of G. sepium, L. leucocephala, A. lebbeck, A. auriculiformis, P. biglobosa and D. edulis and stored for storage periods ranged between 1-65%, 0-30%, 0-30.5%, 1-25%, 0-20% and 0-30%. Botanical pelletings and storage periods significantly (P<0.05) enhanced the germination of C. albidum seeds. Highest germination percentage of 65% was recorded for seeds pelletized with G. sepium leaves and stored for 3 weeks. The research therefore recommends seed pelleting with G. sepium leaves and storage for 3 weeks for mass production of C. albidum seedlings for agro-forestry systems.

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Elzen, G. W. „Ovicidal Activity Trials, 1989“. Insecticide and Acaricide Tests 15, Nr. 1 (01.01.1990): 226. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iat/15.1.226.

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Abstract Treatments were applied to cotton grown in small plots at Stoneville, MS. The test was applied 16 Aug using a high-clearance sprayer calibrated to deliver 5 gal/acre at 5 mph and 40 psi using 2 TX6 nozzles/row. Plot size was 30 ft × 4 rows arranged in a randomized complete block with 4 replicates/treatment. TB eggs were obtained from a culture maintained at the Southern Field Crop Insect Management Laboratory, USDA-ARS, Stoneville. All eggs used were laid the previous night on tulle cloth material. Eggs were not washed or subjected to chemical treatments before use and were easily removed from the material. Eggs were exposed to insecticides in 2 ways. First, .eggs to be treated in the field were placed on the upper surface of the last 3-4 expanded leaves in the terminal of 4 plants in each replication by brushing a weak solution of xanthium gum and water on the leaves and sprinkling eggs on the surface. Plots were sprayed 30 min after application of the eggs. Eggs sprayed on the plant remained in the field for 2 h after treatment and were then taken to the laboratory to determine mortality. Second, treated leaves (4 from each replication) were collected at 24, 48, and 72 h after spraying in the field and taken to the laboratory where eggs were placed on them and mortality was determined over time. Eggs were sprinkled on each leaf in the field and in the laboratory in an effort to get at least 10 eggs/leaf. The number of viable eggs was counted on each leaf in the laboratory 24 h after being sprayed in the field or placed on sprayed leaves in the laboratory. The number of eggs/leaf averaged 16.0 ± 5.5 (S.D.). Leaves from all treatments were held in Petri dishes on water-moistened filter paper at 82°F. The number of unhatched eggs was determined at 72 and 96 h after eggs were applied. Eggs were considered dead when black and shriveled. Cumulative egg mortality 96 h after collection or treatment is reported.

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Hata, Fernando Teruhiko, Vinádio Lucas Béga, Maurício Ursi Ventura, Francine dos Santos Grosso, José Eduardo Poloni da Silva, Renato Ribeiro Machado und Virgínia Sousa. „Plant Acceptance for Oviposition of Tetranychus urticae on Strawberry Leaves Is Influenced by Aromatic Plants in Laboratory and Greenhouse Intercropping Experiments“. Agronomy 10, Nr. 2 (01.02.2020): 193. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10020193.

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The objective was to evaluate aromatic plants’ effects on the acceptance, preference, egg load, and life span of females of the twospotted spider mite (TSSM) in laboratory experiments and TSSM population under aromatic plants’ intercropping in greenhouse experiments. The pseudofruits production was also evaluated. For the laboratory, basil’s, Chinese chives’, chives’, and garlic’s influence on TSSM were tested on strawberry leaves. Four laboratory experiments were conducted: (1) Multiple choice test; (2) T-shaped arena test; (3) host–plant acceptance on aromatic plant or strawberry leaves; and (4) performance of TSSMs on strawberry leaves under aromatic plant influence. For the greenhouse experiments, assessments of the TSSM populations were realized by observing TSSM with a 10× magnifying glass on strawberry leaves in a monocrop or intercropped with Chinese chives, chives, garlic, or onion. Pseudofruit production was evaluated. Our results show that strawberry leaves were strongly preferred by TSSM. The T-shaped arena test revealed that all aromatic plants repel the TSSM. The test with the performance of TSSM females revealed that aromatic plants affected the mite’s biological parameters. Chinese chives reduced the number of eggs laid per day by 33.22%, whereas garlic reduced the number by 17.30% and chives reduced it by 12.46%. The total number of eggs was reduced by 34.79% with Chinese chives and 25.65% with garlic. Greenhouse experiments showed that chives reduced TSSM populations on two cycles and Chinese chives and garlic reduced TSSM populations on the first cycle only. With our findings, we suggest that Chinese chives, chives, and garlic are the primary candidates for intercropping use against TSSM. Chinese chives and garlic reduced the total number of eggs, but only garlic reduced female mite longevity. However, none of the intercropping plants improved strawberry pseudofruit production.

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