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Wang, Taochun, Chengmei Lv, Chengtian Wang, Fulong Chen und Yonglong Luo. „A Secure Truth Discovery for Data Aggregation in Mobile Crowd Sensing“. Security and Communication Networks 2021 (24.06.2021): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/2296386.
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With the rapid development of portable mobile devices, mobile crowd sensing systems (MCS) have been widely studied. However, the sensing data provided by participants in MCS applications is always unreliable, which affects the service quality of the system, and the truth discovery technology can effectively obtain true values from the data provided by multiple users. At the same time, privacy leaks also restrict users’ enthusiasm for participating in the MCS. Based on this, our paper proposes a secure truth discovery for data aggregation in crowd sensing systems, STDDA, which iteratively calculates user weights and true values to obtain real object data. In order to protect the privacy of data, STDDA divides users into several clusters, and users in the clusters ensure the privacy of data by adding secret random numbers to the perceived data. At the same time, the cluster head node uses the secure sum protocol to obtain the aggregation result of the sense data and uploads it to the server so that the server cannot obtain the sense data and weight of individual users, further ensuring the privacy of the user’s sense data and weight. In addition, using the truth discovery method, STDDA provides corresponding processing mechanisms for users’ dynamic joining and exiting, which enhances the robustness of the system. Experimental results show that STDDA has the characteristics of high accuracy, low communication, and high security.
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Upadhyay, Utsav, und Geeta Sikka. „STDADS: An Efficient Slow Task Detection Algorithm for Deadline Schedulers“. Big Data 8, Nr. 1 (01.02.2020): 62–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/big.2019.0039.
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Masuda, Junko, Chiho Umemura, Miki Yokozawa, Ken Yamauchi, Takuya Seko, Michiaki Yamashita und Yumiko Yamashita. „Dietary Supplementation of Selenoneine-Containing Tuna Dark Muscle Extract Effectively Reduces Pathology of Experimental Colorectal Cancers in Mice“. Nutrients 10, Nr. 10 (27.09.2018): 1380. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu10101380.
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Selenoneine is an ergothioneine analog with greater antioxidant activity and is the major form of organic selenium in the blood, muscles, and other tissues of tuna. The aim of this study was to determine whether a selenoneine-rich diet exerts antioxidant activities that can prevent carcinogenesis in two types of colorectal cancer model in mice. We administrated selenoneine-containing tuna dark muscle extract (STDME) to mice for one week and used azoxymethane (AOM) and dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) for inducing colorectal carcinogenesis. Next, we examined the incidence of macroscopic polyps and performed functional analysis of immune cells from the spleen. We also studied tumor formation rates and median survival following the subcutaneous implantation of a colorectal cancer cell line. In the AOM/DSS-induced colitis-associated cancer (CAC) model, the oral administration of STDME significantly decreased tumor incidence and inhibited the accumulation of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) while also inhibiting the downregulation of interferon-γ (IFN-γ) production during carcinogenesis. These results suggest that dietary STDME may be an effective agent for reducing colorectal tumor progression.
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Tassew, Fasil Ayelegn, Wenche Hennie Bergland, Carlos Dinamarca, Roald Kommedal und Rune Bakke. „Granular Sludge Bed Processes in Anaerobic Digestion of Particle-Rich Substrates“. Energies 12, Nr. 15 (31.07.2019): 2940. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12152940.
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Granular sludge bed (GSB) anaerobic digestion (AD) is a well-established method for efficient wastewater treatment, limited, however, by the wastewater particle content. This review is carried out to investigate how and to what extent feed particles influence GSB to evaluate the applicability of GSB to various types of slurries that are abundantly available. Sludge bed microorganisms evidently have mechanisms to retain feed particles for digestion. Disintegration and hydrolysis of such particulates are often the rate-limiting steps in AD. GSB running on particle-rich substrates and factors that affect these processes are stdied especially. Disintegration and hydrolysis models are therefore reviewed. How particles may influence other key processes within GSB is also discussed. Based on this, limitations and strategies for effective digestion of particle-rich substrates in high-rate AD reactors are evaluated.
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Wan, Yin, Xin Gao, Sonam Mehta, Zhixiao Wang, Claudio Faria und Lee Steven Schwartzberg. „Indirect costs associated with metastatic breast cancer.“ Journal of Clinical Oncology 30, Nr. 27_suppl (20.09.2012): 74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2012.30.27_suppl.74.
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74 Background: To estimate indirect costs (sick leave [SL]/short-term disability [STDI]) associated with metastatic breast cancer (MBC) compared to early stage breast cancer (EBC)/a general population without cancer (controls). Methods: The MarketScan Health and Productivity Management database (2005-2009) was used. Adult BC patients eligible for employee benefits of sick leave and/or STDI were identified. Difference in SL and STDI days was calculated between MBC patients and their propensity score matched EBC cohort or controls during a 12-month follow-up period. Indirect costs due to SL/ STDI were estimated by multiplying leave days with daily wages (2011 Bureau of Labor Statistics). Generalized linear model was used to examine the impact of MBC on indirect costs and potential cost drivers. Results: A total of 139 MBC/432 EBC/820 controls and 432 MBC/1,552 EBC/4,682 controls were eligible for SL and STDI respectively (not mutually exclusive), with a mean age of 49/51/50 years. After matching by age, payer type, region, index year and comorbidities, no difference was found in SL days between MBC and EBC cohorts. MBC patients had more STDI days and related cost than EBC patients and controls, with higher total indirect costs (SL + STDI). MBC patients also had more SL days/cost than controls (Table). Controlling for covariates, MBC patients incurred 47% more STDI cost vs. EBC patients (p=.009). Older patients (p=.002), non-HMO payers (p<.05), or patients not receiving chemotherapy during follow-up (p<.001) were associated with lower STDI cost. MBC patients also incurred 56% (p=.01) more SL cost and 11.6 times (p<.001) more STDI cost than controls. Conclusions: Productivity loss and associated costs in MBC patients are substantially higher than EBC patients or general population. These findings underscore the economic burden of MBC from US societal perspective. [Table: see text]
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Zhang, Ling, Xiaoling Chen, Jianzhong Lu, Xiaokang Fu, Yufang Zhang, Dong Liang und Qiangqiang Xu. „Precipitation projections using a spatiotemporally distributed method: a case study in the Poyang Lake watershed based on the MRI-CGCM3“. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 23, Nr. 3 (21.03.2019): 1649–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-23-1649-2019.
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Abstract. To bridge the gap between large-scale GCM (global climate model) outputs and regional-scale climate requirements of hydrological models, a spatiotemporally distributed downscaling model (STDDM) was developed. The STDDM was done in three stages: (1) up-sampling grid-observations and GCM simulations for spatially continuous finer grids, (2) creating the mapping relationship between the observations and the simulations differently in space and time, and (3) correcting the simulation and producing downscaled data to a spatially continuous grid scale. We applied the STDDM to precipitation downscaling in the Poyang Lake watershed using the MRI-CGCM3 (Meteorological Research Institute Coupled Ocean–Atmosphere General Circulation Model 3), with an acceptable uncertainty of ≤ 4.9 %. Then we created future precipitation changes from 1998 to 2100 (1998–2012 in the historical scenario and 2013–2100 in the RCP8.5 scenario). The precipitation changes increased heterogeneities in temporal and spatial distribution under future climate warming. In terms of temporal patterns, the wet season become wetter, while the dry season become drier. The frequency of extreme precipitation increased, while that of the moderate precipitation decreased. Total precipitation increased, while rainy days decreased. The maximum continuous dry days and the maximum daily precipitation both increased. In terms of spatial patterns, the dry area exhibited a drier condition during the dry season, and the wet area exhibited a wetter condition during the wet season. Analysis with temperature increment showed precipitation changes can be significantly explained by climate warming, with p<0.05 and R≥0.56. The precipitation changes indicated that the downscaling method is reasonable, and the STDDM could be successfully applied to the basin-scale region based on a GCM. The results implied an increasing risk of floods and droughts under global warming, which were a reference for water balance analysis and water resource planning.
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Mottaghitalab, Vahid, und Mona Farjad. „Electrospun cellulosic structure nanofibre based on rice straw“. Journal of Polymer Engineering 33, Nr. 9 (01.12.2013): 857–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/polyeng-2013-0081.
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Abstract The present investigation compares the diverse methods of cellulose extraction from rice straw. Furthermore, the purified cellulosic material was utilized for the electrospinning of cellulose nanofibers. Based on the differential scanning calorimeter and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analyses, the new protocol was compared to the other methods showing lower amorphous structure and also lower lignin and hemicellulose in crystalline α-cellulose structure. The protocol, which included ultrasonic mechanical treatment, showed a higher crystallinity of the corresponding cellulose giving microfibers of 2.9±0.2 μm in average diameter based on the scanning electron microscope images. Cellulose nanofiber was prepared from its solution in trifluoroacetic acid using general one-step electrospinning process. The simultaneous effects of four processing variables including solution concentration (C), applied voltage (V), spinning distance (d), and volume flow rate (Q) on mean fiber diameter (MFD) and standard deviation of fiber diameter (StdFD) were investigated quantitatively and qualitatively. A range of MFD between 96±26 nm and 292±35 nm was recorded for further analysis. The response surface methodology was employed to establish quadratic models for MFD and StdFD. was found to be 96.18% and 91.25%, respectively, for the MFD and StdFD models, showing the good prediction ability of the models. The response surface plots showed strong relationship among variables.
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Ishimizu, Takashi, und Kiyoharu Tagawa. „Experimental Study of a Structured Differential Evolution with Mixed Strategies“. Journal of Advanced Computational Intelligence and Intelligent Informatics 15, Nr. 9 (20.11.2011): 1310–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jaciii.2011.p1310.
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In this paper, a new Differential Evolution (DE) that has multiple populations, or islands, is proposed. The proposed DE is called Structured Differential Evolution (StDE). In order to generate a new individual from the current population, various characteristic strategies have been proposed for DE. However, the performances of these strategies depend on the kind of the optimization problem. The proposed StDE uses different strategies in respective islands. Therefore, it can be expected that the proposed StDE is effective for a wide range of optimization problems. Although various networks topologies among islands are reported for island-based evolutionary algorithms, the most popular ones, namely the ring network and the torus network, are employed by StDE. Furthermore, in order to enhance the performance of proposed StDE, various migration policies are examined in two kinds of networks though a variety of benchmark problems.
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García-Pastor, Lucía, María A. Sánchez-Romero, Marcello Jakomin, Elena Puerta-Fernández und Josep Casadesús. „Regulation of bistability in the std fimbrial operon of Salmonella enterica by DNA adenine methylation and transcription factors HdfR, StdE and StdF“. Nucleic Acids Research 47, Nr. 15 (19.06.2019): 7929–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkz530.
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AbstractBistable expression of the Salmonella enterica std operon is controlled by an AND logic gate involving three transcriptional activators: the LysR-type factor HdfR and the StdE and StdF regulators encoded by the std operon itself. StdE activates transcription of the hdfR gene, and StdF activates std transcription together with HdfR. Binding of HdfR upstream of the std promoter is hindered by methylation of GATC sites located within the upstream activating sequence (UAS). Epigenetic control by Dam methylation thus antagonizes formation of the StdE-StdF-HdfR loop and tilts the std switch toward the StdOFF state. In turn, HdfR binding hinders methylation of the UAS, permitting activation of the StdE-StdF-HdfR loop and concomitant formation of StdON cells. Bistability is thus the outcome of competition between DNA adenine methylation and the StdE-StdF-HdfR activator loop.
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Dubé, Jean, Diègo Legros, Marius Thériault und François Des Rosiers. „Measuring and Interpreting Urban Externalities in Real-Estate Data: A Spatio-Temporal Difference-in-Differences (STDID) Estimator“. Buildings 7, Nr. 4 (16.06.2017): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings7020051.
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Kohlmann, Alexander, Elisabeth Haschke-Becher, Barbara Wimmer, Ariana Huber-Wechselberger, Sandrine Meyer-Monard, Heike Huxol, Uwe Siegler et al. „Intraplatform Reproducibility and Technical Precision of Gene Expression Profiling in Four Laboratories Investigating 112 Leukemia Samples: The DACH Study.“ Blood 110, Nr. 11 (16.11.2007): 2383. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v110.11.2383.2383.
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Abstract Gene expression profiling has the potential to offer consistent objective diagnostic test results once a standardized protocol is established. We investigated the robustness, precision, and reproducibility of this technology and present data that complements the Microarray Innovations in LEukemia study (MILE study). In four laboratories, located in Germany (D), Austria (A), and Switzerland (CH) (DACH study), replicates of 112 patient samples were analyzed using the AmpliChip Leukemia research test. Patient samples were centrally collected and diagnosed in daily routine at the Munich Leukemia Laboratory and represented 8 distinct classes of acute and chronic leukemias, with non-leukemia as control group. After purification of the mononuclear cells by Ficoll density centrifugation, 4 × 5 million cells were frozen in lysis buffer and stored at −80°C. Equipped with identical instruments, software, and reagents, study operators were trained on the microarray sample preparation protocol using total RNA from commercially available cell lines. Upon receipt of the frozen lysates each of the four laboratories purified the total RNA from the 112 technical quadruplicates. 99.3% (445/448) of the sample preparations were successfully performed. On average, 8.4 μg, 7.2 μg, 7.4 μg, or 7.5 μg of total RNA, respectively, were isolated from the mononuclear cells from the four laboratories. In three samples less than 1.0 μg of total RNA was obtained and thus the preparation failed. Bland-Altman plots of agreement showed that any two centers were unlikely to have more than an 8.3 μg difference in yield of total RNA from the same sample. On average there was between 0.1 μg to 1.2 μg difference in total RNA yield from the same sample. Further processing of the 445 samples resulted in 437 (98.2%) successfully performed in vitro transcription reactions, i.e. obtained cRNA yield of >8.0 μg. On average there was between 0.4 μg to 7.4 μg difference in cRNA yield from the same sample. After hybridization to microarrays on average, 46.1%, 48.6%, 46.5%, and 47.3% of probe sets were detected as present with mean scaling factors of 4.3, 2.9, 3.9, and 3.7, respectively. The mean values and standard deviations of distributions of the coefficient of variation (CV) within each site over all the probe sets of the quantile normalized signals on the chip were 27.2% (StdDev: 12.3%), 27.0% (StdDev: 12.3%), 27.3% (StdDev: 12.3%), 26.9% (StdDev: 12.4%), respectively. Furthermore, in unsupervised hierarchical cluster and principal component analyses replicates from the same patient always clustered closely together, with no indications of association between gene expression profiles due to different operators or laboratories. In conclusion, we demonstrated that microarray analysis can be performed with remarkably high inter-laboratory reproducibility and with comparable quality and high technical precision across laboratories.
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Yun, Young Gi, Young Suk Chung und Koo Rack Park. „A stdudy of Knowledge management system needs and efficient hospital computerized operating“. Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information 21, Nr. 10 (31.10.2016): 135–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.9708/jksci.2016.21.10.135.
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CHOI, Jong-Hwan, Jung-Hwan KIM und Jin-Kul LEE. „A Stdudy on ABS Slip Ratio Control of Vehicle using One Solenoid Valve“. Proceedings of the JFPS International Symposium on Fluid Power 2002, Nr. 5-2 (2002): 449–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.5739/isfp.2002.449.
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Zhang, Xue Jun, Hao Pei und Zeng Min Shen. „Effect of Carbon Fiber Felt Pretreatment on Properties of Carbon Fiber Paper“. Advanced Materials Research 194-196 (Februar 2011): 1620–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.194-196.1620.
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Gas diffusion layer is a very important component in fuel cell, and carbon fiber paper is widely used as substrate of gas diffusion layer. This paper has developed one way to produce carbon fiber paper from carbon fiber felt with or without pretreatment. The properties and microstructure of carbon fiber paper were also stdied. The results show that the pretreatment of carbon fiber felt is helpful to prepare carbon fiber paper with good properties. The content of carbon derived from resin during pretreatment has effects on density, thickness, porosity, gas permeability, porosity and tensile streagth of carbon fiber paper. Carbon fiber paper made from carbon fiber felt with pretreatment has better interface adhension than that of carbon fiber paper made from carbon fiber felt without pretreatment. Carbon fiber paper was produced with thickness of 0.28mm, density of 0.43g/cm3, porosity of 77%, gas permeability of 2500 mL•mm/(cm2•hr•mmAq), specific resistance of 0.017Ω•cm and tensile strength of 18MPa, which is a promising materials for fuel cell electrode.
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Braley, T. J., A. L. Kratz, D. Whibley und C. Goldstein. „1142 Comprehensive Phenotyping Of Ambulatory Sleep Patterns In Multiple Sclerosis“. Sleep 43, Supplement_1 (April 2020): A435. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.1136.
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Abstract Introduction The majority of sleep research in persons with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) has been siloed, restricted to evaluation of one or a few sleep measures in isolation. To fully characterize the impact of sleep disturbances in MS, multifaceted phenotyping of sleep is required. The objective of this study was to more comprehensively quantify sleep in PwMS, using a recently developed multi-domain framework of duration, continuity, regularity, sleepiness/alertness, and quality. Methods Data were derived from a parent study that examined associations between actigraphy and polysomnography-based measures of sleep and cognitive function in MS. Actigraphy was recorded in n=55 PwMS for 7-12 days (Actiwatch2®, Philips Respironics). Sleep metrics included: duration=mean total sleep time (TST, minutes); continuity=mean wake time after sleep onset (minutes), and regularity=stddev wake-up time (hours). ‘Extreme’ values for continuity/regularity were defined as the most extreme third of the distributions. ‘Extreme’ TST values were defined as the lowest or highest sixth of the distributions. Sleepiness (Epworth Sleepiness Scale score) and sleep quality [Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) sleep quality item] were dichotomized by accepted cutoffs (>10 and >1, respectively). Results Sleep was recorded for a mean of 8.2 days (stddev=0.95). Median (1st, 3rd quartile) values were as follows: duration 459.79 (430.75, 490.60), continuity 37.00 (23.44, 52.57), regularity 1.02 (0.75, 1.32), sleepiness/alertness 8 (4, 12), and sleep quality 1.00 (1.00, 2.00). Extreme values based on data distributions were: short sleep <=426.25 minutes (18%), long sleep >515.5 minutes (16%), poor sleep continuity ≥45 minutes (33%), and poor sleep regularity ≥1.17 hours (33%). Sleepiness and poor sleep quality were present in 36% and 40% respectively. For comparison, in a historical cohort of non-MS patients, the extreme third of sleep regularity was a stddev of 0.75 hours, 13% had ESS of >10, and 16% had poor sleep quality. Conclusion In this study of ambulatory sleep patterns in PwMS, we found greater irregularity of sleep-wake timing, and higher prevalence of sleepiness and poor sleep quality than published normative data. Efforts should be made to include these measures in the assessment of sleep-related contributions to MS outcomes. Support The authors received no external support for this work.
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Hartmann, Julia, Ursula Sinzig, Gerald Wulf, Lorenz H. Truemper, Friederike Braulke, Frank Konietschke und Detlef Haase. „Evidence for a Suppression of the Colony Forming Capacity of Erythroid Progenitors by Iron Overload in Patients with MDS“. Blood 112, Nr. 11 (16.11.2008): 2694. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v112.11.2694.2694.
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Abstract Introduction: In MDS transfusional iron overload is known to be related to increased morbidity mainly due to cardiac and/or hepatic damage. As a consequence an excess mortality rate in polytransfused pts. has been demonstrated. A negative prognostic impact of transfusion need has been proven as an independent marker of bad prognosis. In 1996 Jensen et al. demonstrated that an adequate chelation therapy could improve the transfusion need of pts. with MDS significantly (Br J Haematol 1996, 94, 288–299). This observation and personal communications of several more cases with improvement of transfusion need under adequate chelation therapy implies that iron overload might not only be harmful to hepatocytes and cardiomyocytes but also to bone marrow progenitor cells. Their function is intrinsically impaired by MDS itself and thus might be further affected by a “second hit” in the form of toxic iron overload which might further impair their colony forming capacity. Patients and methods: For this purpose we performed colony assays from the peripheral blood from 42 pts. with MDS (RA/RARS: n=14, RCMD/RS: 12, RAEB-I/II:10, 5q-syndrome: 3, MDS-U: 2, CMML: 1; age: 39 – 86 yrs. (median: 69 yrs.); cytogenetics: normal: 26, 5q-: 6, −7: 2, complex: 4, others: 4) with (serum ferritin ≥250 μg/L, range: 273 – 6267 μg/L) and without iron overload (range: 23 – 213 μg/L). Only pts. without hepatic and/or active infectious diseases, without chemotherapy/epigenetic therapy during the last 6 months and without cytokine and/or corticoid therapy during the last 3 months before performance of colony assays were considered. BFU-E and CFU-GM were analysed by the same person (U.S.) after 12 – 16 days in cultures from peripheral blood, performed as described (Vehmeyer K et al., Leuk Res, 2001; 25(11):955–9) in 11(BFU-E)/9 (CFU-GM) pts. with normal ferritin-values (normal range: 20–250 μg/L) in comparison to 31/26 pts. with ferritin values surmounting 250 μg/L. Pts. with diffuse growth or cluster formation (leukemic growth) were excluded. Statistical evaluation was performed with SAS 9.1 software using Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney tests. The results were regarded as significant if the p-value was smaller than 5%. Both patients subgroups were balanced according to cytogenetics, age and MDS WHO-subtype. Results: In the patients subgroup with normal ferritin (n=11) the numbers of BFU-E ranged between 0 and 76 (std.dev. 21.96) with a median of 3.5 and a mean of 10.1, the numbers of CFU-GM ranged between 0.5 and 38.5 (std.dev. 13.99), with a median of 5.5 and a mean of 11.1. In the patients with elevated serum ferritin (n=31) the numbers of BFU-E ranged between 0 and 27 (std.dev.5.32) with a median of 0.5 and a mean of 2.35, the numbers of CFU-GM ranged between 0 and 120 (std.dev. 30.18) with a median of 3.0 and a mean of 19.33). Statistical comparison of the numbers of BFU-E and CFU-GM between patients with normal and elevated serum ferritin yielded a highly significant difference (p=0.003845) for BFU-E and no difference for CFU-GM (p=0.939728). Conclusions: Our data for the first time provide evidence that in MDS iron overload significantly impairs bone marrow function by suppression of the burst forming activity of erythroid progenitors. If this iron is removed by adequate chelation burst forming activity might be partially restored. Myeloid progenitors do not seem to be affected by iron overload.
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Wazis, Kun. „PERLAWANAN AHLI HADIS TERHADAP GERAKAN RADIKALISME DALAM KONSTRUKSI MEDIA ONLINE“. Jurnal Al-Hikmah 17, Nr. 1 (31.10.2019): 20–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.35719/alhikmah.v17i1.12.
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Resistance to radicalism which is allegedly endemic on campuses has been carried out by many elements. One of which was carried out by Imam Syafi’i Islamic Academy (STDI) Jember and the Indonesian Hadith Science Association (ASILHA) by holding an International Seminar on the Role of Classical and Contemporary Hadith Experts in Combating Radicalism which news and opinions were massively constructed by various online media.
This study attempted to answer the questions about the construction of online media reality in narrating the resistance of STDI Imam Syafii Jember towards the dangers of radicalism in Indonesia and the world. Through descriptive qualitative study with Halliday's model discourse analysis, this study was conducted by critical observation of online media news text of Sindonews.com.
As a result, STDI Imam Syafii ember recommended that radicalism is a form of extreme and exaggeration in religious matters that must be resisted. Meanwhile, adhering to the teachings of Islam, choosing a straight-moderate method, and carrying out the Shari'a of Allah comprehensively, are not categorized as a form of radicalism.
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Taguchi, Masakazu. „Comparison of large-scale dynamical variability in the extratropical stratosphere among the JRA-55 family data sets: impacts of assimilation of observational data in JRA-55 reanalysis data“. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 17, Nr. 18 (21.09.2017): 11193–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-11193-2017.
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Abstract. This study compares large-scale dynamical variability in the extratropical stratosphere, such as major stratospheric sudden warmings (MSSWs), among the Japanese 55-year Reanalysis (JRA-55) family data sets. The JRA-55 family consists of three products: a standard product (STDD) of the JRA-55 reanalysis data and two sub-products of JRA-55C (CONV) and JRA-55AMIP (AMIP). CONV assimilates only conventional surface and upper-air observations without assimilation of satellite observations, whereas AMIP runs the same numerical weather prediction model without assimilation of observational data. A comparison of the occurrence of MSSWs in Northern Hemisphere (NH) winter shows that, compared to STDD, CONV delays several MSSWs by 1 to 4 days and also misses a few MSSWs. CONV also misses the Southern Hemisphere (SH) MSSW in September 2002. AMIP shows significantly fewer MSSWs in Northern Hemisphere winter and especially lacks MSSWs of the high aspect ratio of the polar vortex in which the vortex is highly stretched or split. A further examination of daily geopotential height differences between STDD and CONV reveals occasional peaks in both hemispheres that are separated from MSSWs. The delayed and missed MSSW cases have smaller height differences in magnitude than such peaks. The height differences for those MSSWs include large contributions from the zonal component, which reflects underestimations in the weakening of the zonal mean polar night jet in CONV. We also explore strong planetary wave forcings and associated polar vortex weakenings for STDD and AMIP. We find a lower frequency of strong wave forcings and weaker vortex responses to such wave forcings in AMIP, consistent with the lower MSSW frequency.
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Nurlita, Safira, und Aliah Pratiwi. „PENGARUH LIABILITAS DAN EKUITAS TERHADAP PROFITABILITAS PADA PT. PRIMARINDO ASIA INFRASTRUCTURE TBK“. Jurnal Bisnis Terapan 4, Nr. 2 (18.12.2020): 123. http://dx.doi.org/10.24123/jbt.v4i2.2830.
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Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh liabilitas dan ekuitas terhadap profitabilitas. Indikator untuk mengukur profitabilitas menggunakan Return on Equity (ROE), sementara kewajiban menggunakan rasio hutang jangka pendek terhadap ekuitas (STDE) dan ekuitas pemegang saham menggunakan rasio rasio prorietary (PR). Penelitian ini dilakukan di PT. Infrastruktur Primarindo Asia, tbk. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian asosiatif. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah teknik non probability sampling yaitu purposive sampling, dengan sampel yang digunakan adalah selama 8 tahun. Teknik analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah uji asumsi klasik dan analisis regresi berganda. Berdasarkan hasil analisis regresi menunjukkan liabilitas jangka pendek, dan modal tidak memiliki pengaruh terhadap profitabilitas baik secara parsial maupun simultan.
Kata kunci: Hutang Jangka Pendek (STDE), Prorietary Ratio (PR) dan Return on Equity (ROE).
Abstract
This study aims to determine the effect of liabilities and equity on profitability. Indicators to measure profitability use Return on Equity (ROE), while liabilities use the ratio of short-term debt to equity (STDE) and shareholder equity using the ratio of prorietary ratio (PR). this research was conducted at PT. Primarindo Asia infrastructure, tbk. This type of research is associative research. The sampling technique used is a non probability sampling technique that is purposive sampling, with the sample used is for 8 years. The analysis technique used in this study is the classic assumption test and multiple regression analysis. Based on the results of the regression analysis shows short-term liabilities, and capital alone has no influence on profitability either partially or simultaneously.
Keywords: Short-Term Debt (STDE), Prorietary Ratio (PR) and Return on Equity (ROE).
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Narziev, Nematjon, Hwarang Goh, Kobiljon Toshnazarov, Seung Ah Lee, Kyong-Mee Chung und Youngtae Noh. „STDD: Short-Term Depression Detection with Passive Sensing“. Sensors 20, Nr. 5 (04.03.2020): 1396. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20051396.
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It has recently been reported that identifying the depression severity of a person requires involvement of mental health professionals who use traditional methods like interviews and self-reports, which results in spending time and money. In this work we made solid contributions on short-term depression detection using every-day mobile devices. To improve the accuracy of depression detection, we extracted five factors influencing depression (symptom clusters) from the DSM-5 (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders), namely, physical activity, mood, social activity, sleep, and food intake and extracted features related to each symptom cluster from mobile devices’ sensors. We conducted an experiment, where we recruited 20 participants from four different depression groups based on PHQ-9 (the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, the 9-item depression module from the full PHQ), which are normal, mildly depressed, moderately depressed, and severely depressed and built a machine learning model for automatic classification of depression category in a short period of time. To achieve the aim of short-term depression classification, we developed Short-Term Depression Detector (STDD), a framework that consisted of a smartphone and a wearable device that constantly reported the metrics (sensor data and self-reports) to perform depression group classification. The result of this pilot study revealed high correlations between participants` Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) self-reports and passive sensing (sensor data) in physical activity, mood, and sleep levels; STDD demonstrated the feasibility of group classification with an accuracy of 96.00% (standard deviation (SD) = 2.76).
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ELMI, O. E., und R. (II) P. DIOSO. „Prevalence of Diarrhoeal Diseases Among Children under Five Years in East African Countries from 2012–2017“. ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development 34, Nr. 1 (14.08.2017): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.29037/ajstd.74.
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This meta-analysis analyzed the prevalence of diarrheoal diseases among children less than fiveyears in three selected Eas African countries from 2012–2017. Search engines used Google Scholar, Proquest,and PubMed. Primarily, 300 studes were selected; hence 297 were eliminated using inclusion and exclusion criteria. The PICO (population, intervention, comparison, and outcome) guide helped in the analysis of the three selected stdies. The prevalence of diarrhoea among children less than fiveyears in the three selected EastAfrican countries from 2012 to 2017, averaged to 27% range from a minimum of 11% to a maximum of 54% of the 5478 total respondents (OR 2.07). The five-yearprevalence escalated extensively at Kenya, Ethiopia, and Somalia. There is a 207% risk of further escalation.
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YAMANO, Hiromi, Takashi KURABUCHI und Masato YASUOKA. „STDIES ON PREDICTION OF CONCENTRATION FOR INDOOR POLLENStudy on the control of indoor pollen exposure Part 3“. Journal of Environmental Engineering (Transactions of AIJ) 80, Nr. 712 (2015): 535–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3130/aije.80.535.
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Hartmann, Julia, Ursula Sinzig, Gerald Wulf, Lorenz Trümper, Frank Konietschke, Stephanie Fischer und Detlef Haase. „Significant Suppression of the Colony Forming Capacity of Erythroid Progenitors by Iron Overload in Patients with MDS and Sequential Anlyses of BFU-E Under Chelation Therapy.“ Blood 114, Nr. 22 (20.11.2009): 3826. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v114.22.3826.3826.
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Abstract Abstract 3826 Poster Board III-762 Introduction The majority of patients with MDS depend on regular blood cell (RBC) transfusions during the course of their disease. Patients with lower-risk MDS are at particularly high risk of developing iron overload because of their longer median survival. Transfusional iron overload is known to be associated with increased morbidity mainly due to cardiac and/or hepatic damage. As a result an excess mortality rate in polytransfused pts. has been demonstrated. A negative prognostic impact of transfusion need is a proven independent marker for a bad prognosis. Jensen et al. (1996) demonstrated that an adequate chelation therapy could improve the transfusion need of pts. with MDS significantly (Br J Haematol 1996, 94, 288-299). This observation was supported by recent findings of another group (Messa, Acta Haematol, 2008, 120, 70-4) with improvement of transfusion need under adequate chelation therapy. Thus iron overload might not only be harmful to hepatocytes and cardiomyocytes but also to bone marrow progenitor cells. Their function is intrinsically impaired by MDS itself and might be further affected by a “second hit” in the form of toxic iron overload which might additionally impair their colony forming capacity. Patients and methods We performed colony assays from the peripheral blood from 52 pts. with MDS (RA/RARS: n=18, RCMD/RS: 12, RAEB-I/II: 13, 5q-syndrome: 3, MDS-U: 2, CMML: 1, and others: 2; age: 39 – 86 yrs. (median: 68 yrs.); cytogenetics: normal: 26, 5q-: 6, -7/7q-: 2, complex: 4, others: 4) with (serum ferritin ≥250 μg/L, range: 273 – 6267 μg/L, median: 664 μg/L) and without iron overload (range: 11 – 213 μg/L). Only pts. without hepatic and/or active infectious diseases, without chemotherapy/epigenetic therapy during the last 6 months and without cytokine and/or corticoid therapy during the last 3 months before performance of colony assays were considered. BFU-E and CFU-GM were analysed by the same person (U.S.) after 12 – 16 days in cultures from peripheral blood, performed as described (Leuk Res, 2001; 25(11):955-9) in 14 (BFU-E)/ 12 (CFU-GM) pts. with normal ferritin-values (normal range: 20-250 μg/L) in comparison to 38/32 pts. with ferritin values surmounting 250 μg/L. Pts. with diffuse growth or cluster formation (leukemic growth) were excluded. Statistical evaluation was performed with SAS 9.1 software using Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney tests. The results were regarded as significant if the p-value was under 5%. Both patient subgroups were balanced according to cytogenetics, age and MDS WHO-subtype. Results In the patients subgroup with normal ferritin (n=14) the numbers of BFU-E ranged between 0 and 76 (std.dev. 19.63) with a median of 3.5 and a mean of 10.7, the numbers of CFU-GM ranged between 0.5 and 38.5 (std.dev. 13.23), with a median of 6.75 and a mean of 13.2. In the patients with elevated serum ferritin (n=38) the numbers of BFU-E ranged between 0 and 250 (std.dev.40.47) with a median of 0.5 and a mean of 8.86, the numbers of CFU-GM ranged between 0 and 120 (std.dev. 29.62) with a median of 3.0 and a mean of 18.94). Statistical comparison of the numbers of BFU-E and CFU-GM between patients with normal and elevated serum ferritin yielded a highly significant difference (p=0.001348) for BFU-E and no difference for CFU-GM (p=0.570296). Conclusions Our data provide further evidence that in MDS iron overload significantly impairs bone marrow function by suppression of the burst forming activity of erythroid progenitors. If this iron is removed by adequate chelation burst forming activity might be partially restored. Myeloid progenitors do not seem to be affected by iron overload. Perspective To address the question whether chelation therapy could improve erythropoiesis we performed 4 colony assays at minimum as follow up in 32pts the analysis of which is under way. In this group 8 pts. showed a normal ferritin while 26 pts. had an elevated ferritin (> 250 μg/L). Of these, pts. 10 were treated with chelation therapy. Furthermore, 9 pts. were monitored by magnetic resonance imaging (MRT). The results of these examinations will be related to the other parameters evaluated in this study and presented in detail. Disclosures: Haase: Novartis Oncology, Germany: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau.
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KUMAR, SUSHIL. „Stdiues on relationship among yield components and selection criteria for yield improvement in sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench]“. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PLANT SCIENCES 12, Nr. 2 (15.07.2017): 156–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.15740/has/ijps/12.2/156-159.
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Sanusin Muhammad und Sucipto. „EFEKTIVITAS UNIT KEGIATAN MAHASISWA RIJAL RISET DALAM PENINGKATAN KARYA TULIS ILMIAH (Studi Analisis Mahasiswa Prodi Hadits STDIIS Jember)“. Al-Majaalis : Jurnal Dirasat Islamiyah 7, Nr. 1 (20.11.2019): 187–220. http://dx.doi.org/10.37397/almajaalis.v7i1.126.
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Extracurricular activities are student activities that include reasoning and science, interests and hobbies, efforts to improve student welfare and social service for the community. In this regard, STDI Imam Syafi'i Jember participated in developing the interests and talents and potential of students to be able to compete in the era of globalization. One of the student activity units formed was the Research Rijal Student Activity Unit. Research on this UKM is needed. The reason is because the making of scientific papers that are the product of this unit is a hard thing for students in general.This study aims to explain the cause of students lack of interest in making scientific papers, factors driving students to join Research Rijal UKM, and the contribution of these UKM in improving scientific writing. This research uses a qualitative approach with the type of case study. Data is described descriptively. The analysis used is inductive analysis. Based on its scope, this study takes one site. Data was collected from several documents, observations, and interviews with 17 informants. The main informants in this study were 13 students of the Hadith Sciences Study Program. Then supplemented with additional informants from 3 Ahwal Syakhsiyah Study Program students and P3M supervisors.This research produces several conclusions. First, that the cause of students' lack of interest in making scientific papers is because: (a) students are less interested in writing, (b) lack of ideas and ideas, and (c) the rules for writing scientific papers that are relatively complicated. Second, the factors driving the students of the Hadith Science Study Program to join Research Rijal UKM include: (a) they want to learn the methodology of writing scientific papers, (b) foster interest in reading, (c) practice critical habits of scientific papers, and (d ) develop general writing skills. Third, the contribution of UKM Rijal Research includes (a) giving special lectures to UKM members on how to make good scientific journals and (b) providing further guidance in the completion of scientific papers.
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de La Cruz-Burelo, P., V. Montiel-Palma und M. Á. Muñoz-Hernández. „Organogallium complexes incorporating tridentate thioetherbiphenolate ligands 2,2′-thiobis(4,6-di-tert-butylphenolate), Stdiol and 2,2′-thiobis(4,6-dimethylphenolate), Smdiol“. Main Group Chemistry 5, Nr. 1 (März 2006): 61–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10241220600903514.
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Nosrati, Arash Chaichi. „A Study on Relativities of T-Toxin and Fumonisin in Wheat Flours in Iran“. International Journal of Life Sciences 9, Nr. 5 (14.06.2015): 81–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijls.v9i5.12703.
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Wheat is one of the most important grains consumed in the world. Food contamination with toxicogenic moulds increased attention over the last three decades, which impact on food safety. Fumonisins, the TCs and ZEA are hazardous for human and animal health during normal food processing. Therefore, a rapid and sensitive technique for routine assay of mycotoxins in foods is necessary.Attention to this subject that bread is one of the most widely used food substances in cereal series, it is important to continue to monitor the occurrence of these mycotoxins in cereals and cereal products. Since Fusarium species are commonly associated with cereals can produce several secondary toxic metabolites the samples collected from provincial premier and preparation of cell extracts then toxin estimation were done by ELISA (Kits and Rida Screen T-toxin / Fumonisin analysis R-Bio-Pharm GmbH )on the samples so that T-toxin/Fumonisin to be analyzed. According to the amount of fusarium toxins measured in grain and fluor samples comparing to the amount of toxin observed in bread flour maintain compliance found that the amount of FT/FFum(NPar-Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test for Ftox - FFum;Z; -2.480a,Asymp-Sig; 0.013,Pearson Correlation ;0.266, Sig;0.358)for T-toxin correlations in wheat flour incomparison have no significant correlation despite reverse relations for the both,but not statistically significant was supporting by the Pearson statistical determinations a significant correlation for the two variables in contrast were statistically meaningful in numerical differences(P< 0/05 ). The determinative pollutions of wheat flour samples were in the Mean;28.764 ppb,Range; 30.100 (Min; 11.100,Max; 41.200 ppb),Var; 65.922,Std.Dev.; 8.119,Skewness; -0.614,Kurtosis; 0.590 for T toxin and for Fumonisin (Mean; 21.422 ppb, Range; 5.670 (Min; 19.290,Max; 24.960 ppb),Var; 2.623,Std.Dev.; 1.620;Skewness; 0.712,Kurtosis; 0.209) as statistic definitions were showed a considerable disalignmented correlation specialy at a Pearson Correlation ; 0.408/0.266, Sig;0.358, Sig; 0.001-0.013 values.Thus according to the standard values for feed and food could be serious attention to the cumulative effects of toxins, a serious risk andthat should not be overlooked about the cities and provinces where conducted .The maximum values of found respectively were more than standards 50% up to 100%, so a serious risk are considered.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijls.v9i5.12703
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Yuhadi, Irfan. „EFEKTIFITAS KULIAH EKSTRA TAFSIR ALQURAN DALAM RANGKA MENINGKATKAN KEILMUAN ALQURAN MAHASISWA (Studi Kasus Pada Mahasiswa Ahwal Syakhsiyah dan Ilmu Hadits di STDI Imam Syafi’i Jember)“. Al-Majaalis : Jurnal Dirasat Islamiyah 5, Nr. 2 (20.05.2018): 121–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.37397/almajaalis.v5i2.91.
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Tafsir dalam istilah para ulama’ adalah menerangkan makna Alquran, yang maksudnya lebih luas daripada sekedar menjelaskan lafazh yang musykil, dan lebih luas pula daripada sekedar menjelaskan makna yang zhahir. Ilmu tafsir Alquran merupakan salah satu ilmu mulia, yang hendaknya dipelajari oleh setiap muslim. STDI Imam Syafi’i Jember memiliki dua prodi, yaitu Ahwal Syakhsiyah dan Ilmu Hadits. Pembelajaran di STDI Imam Syafi’i Jember telah menggunakan standar KKNI. Di antara mata kuliah yang disederhanakan SKSnya adalah mata kuliah tafsir Alquran. Penelitian ini mengkaji: (1) pelaksanaan kuliah ekstra tafsir Alquran, (2) efektifitas kuliah ekstra tafsir Alquran, (3) saran dalam pelaksanaan kuliah ekstra tafsir Alquran agar menjadi lebih baik dan lebih efektif dalam meningkatkan keilmuan Alquran mahasiswa ahwal syakhsiyah dan ilmu hadits di STDI Imam Syafi’i Jember. Pendekatan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kualitatif. Sedangkan jenis penelitian ini adalah studi kasus. Adapun teknik dalam pengumpulan data adalah melalui teknik observasi, wawancara serta pemanfaatan dokumen yang berkaitan dengan rumusan masalah. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa: (1) perkuliahan ekstra tafsir Alquran dilakukan sekali dalam sepekan dengan durasi 2 SKS per pertemuan. Perkuliahan tafsir Alquran dimulai dari juz 29 lalu berpindah pada juz 28. Adapun sistematika pembelajaran dimulai dari surat yang berada di awal juz; (2) kuliah ekstra tafsir Alquran sudah cukup efektif dalam rangka meningkatkan keilmuan Alquran mahasiswa, terutama pada sisi: a) kemampuan mahasiswa dalam mengetahui sabab al-nuzul suatu ayat atau surat, b) pengetahuan mahasiswa tentang makna ayat Alquran, dan c) menumbuhkan kecintaan para mahasiswa terhadap Alquran sehingga mereka merasa lebih nikmat ketika membaca Alquran dan lebih mudah dalam menghafal Alquran. Namun pada sisi pengambilan faidah dari suatu ayat masih kurang; (3) Saran yang utama adalah masalah waktu pelaksanaan kuliah ekstra, sebaiknya dilakukan di pagi hari. Hendaknya setiap mahasiswa yang mengikuti kuliah ekstra tafsir Alquran mempunyai kitab ajarnya, agar memudahkan dalam menyerap materi tafsir yang sedang disampaikan.
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Seyedin, Shayan, Shima Maghsoodloo und Vahid Mottaghitalab. „A Quantitative Study on Simultaneous Effects of Governing Parameters in Electrospinning of Nanofibers using Modified Neural Network using Genetic Algorithm“. International Journal of Chemoinformatics and Chemical Engineering 6, Nr. 1 (Januar 2017): 20–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijcce.2017010102.
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In this article, modified neural networks using genetic algorithms were employed to investigate the simultaneous effects of four of the most important parameters, namely; solution concentration (C); spinning distance (d); applied voltage (V); and volume flow rate (Q) on mean fiber diameter (MFD), as well as standard deviation of fiber diameter (StdFD) in electrospinning of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) nanofibers. Genetic algorithm optimized neural networks (GANN) were used for modeling the electrospinning process. The results indicate better experimental conditions and more predictive ability of GANNs. Therefore, the approach of using genetic algorithms to optimize neural networks for modeling the electrospinning process has been successful. RSM could be employed when statistical analysis, quantitative study of the effects of the parameters and visualization of the response surfaces are of interest, whereas in the case of modeling the process and predicting new conditions, GANN is a more powerful tool and presents more desirable results.
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Kocman, David, Tjaša Števanec, Rok Novak und Natalija Kranjec. „Citizen Science as Part of the Primary School Curriculum: A Case Study of a Technical Day on the Topic of Noise and Health“. Sustainability 12, Nr. 23 (07.12.2020): 10213. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su122310213.
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In this paper, we summarise lessons learned conducting citizen science (CS) activities within the CitieS-Health H2020 project on the topic of noise exposure and health at a primary school in Ljubljana, Slovenia. Activities were organised in the form of a School Tech-Day Event (STDE) as part of the school’s curriculum involving second-grade pupils, ages 7–8. The STDE was aligned with the project’s methodological framework, which is based on co-creation and co-design principles. To this end, the pupils initially were involved in identifying noise-related issues and translation of selected topics into research questions. Next, together with mentors, they participated in the process of hypothesis formulation and the designing of data collection protocols. Finally, they participated in three focussed noise measurement experiments, as well as data analysis and presentation. We report and critically evaluate the whole chain of activities, focussing on the participant dimension using selected components of the citizen science evaluation framework. The event was very well-received by both pupils and teachers, and their active participation and hands-on experience with scientific processes contributed to their improved scientific literacy. Overall, the demonstrated concept of CS activities has great potential for ongoing inclusion in the school curriculum in its current format, or else adjusted according to specifics from other science and technology fields.
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Papadopoulos, H. C., und C. E. W. Sundberg. „Reduction of mixed cochannel interference in microcellular shared time-division duplexing (STDD) systems“. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology 47, Nr. 3 (1998): 842–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/25.704839.
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Kamotani, Y., S. Ostrach und A. Pline. „A Thermocapillary Convection Experiment in Microgravity“. Journal of Heat Transfer 117, Nr. 3 (01.08.1995): 611–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2822621.
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Results are reported of the Surface Tension Driven Convection Experiment (STDCE) aboard the USML-1 Spacelab, which was launched on June 25, 1992. In the experiment, 10 cSt silicone oil was placed in an open 10-cm-dia circular container, which was 5 cm deep. The fluid was heated either by a cylinderical heater (1.11 cm diameter) located along the container centerline or by a CO2 laser beam to induce thermocapillary flow. Several thermistor probes were placed in the fluid to measure the temperature distribution. The temperature distribution along the liquid-free surface was measured by an infrared imager. Tests were conducted over a range of heating powers, laser-beam diameters, and free surface shapes. An extensive numerical modeling of the flow was conducted in conjunction with the experiments. Some results of the temperature measurements with flat free surfaces are presented in this paper and they are shown to agree well with the numerical predictions.
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Kyne, PhD, MPA, MPS, Dean. „Managing nuclear power plant induced disasters“. Journal of Emergency Management 13, Nr. 5 (01.09.2015): 417. http://dx.doi.org/10.5055/jem.2015.0252.
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Objective: To understand the management process of nuclear power plant (NPP) induced disasters. The study shields light on phases and issues associated with the NPP induced disaster management. Setting: This study uses Palo Verde Nuclear Generation Station as study subject and Arizona State as study area.Design: This study uses the Radiological Assessment System for Consequence Analysis (RASCAL) Source Term to Dose (STDose) of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission, a computer software to project and assess the source term dose and release pathway. This study also uses ArcGIS, a geographic information system to analyze geospatial data. A detailed case study of Palo Verde Nuclear Power Generation (PVNPG) Plant was conducted.Results: The findings reveal that the NPP induced disaster management process is conducted by various stakeholders. To save lives and to minimize the impacts, it is vital to relate planning and process of the disaster management.Conclusions: Number of people who expose to the radioactive plume pathway and level of radioactivity could vary depending on the speed and direction of wind on the day the event takes place. This study findings show that there is a need to address the burning issue of different racial and ethnic groups’ unequal exposure and unequal protection to potential risks associated with the NPPs.
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Knighton, Nathan J., Brian K. Cottle, Bailey E. B. Kelson, Robert W. Hitchcock und Frank B. Sachse. „Towards Intraoperative Quantification of Atrial Fibrosis Using Light-Scattering Spectroscopy and Convolutional Neural Networks“. Sensors 21, Nr. 18 (09.09.2021): 6033. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21186033.
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Light-scattering spectroscopy (LSS) is an established optical approach for characterization of biological tissues. Here, we investigated the capabilities of LSS and convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to quantitatively characterize the composition and arrangement of cardiac tissues. We assembled tissue constructs from fixed myocardium and the aortic wall with a thickness similar to that of the atrial free wall. The aortic sections represented fibrotic tissue. Depth, volume fraction, and arrangement of these fibrotic insets were varied. We gathered spectra with wavelengths from 500–1100 nm from the constructs at multiple locations relative to a light source. We used single and combinations of two spectra for training of CNNs. With independently measured spectra, we assessed the accuracy of the CNNs for the classification of tissue constructs from single spectra and combined spectra. Combined spectra, including the spectra from fibers distal from the illumination fiber, typically yielded the highest accuracy. The maximal classification accuracy of the depth detection, volume fraction, and permutated arrangements was (mean ± standard deviation (stddev)) 88.97 ± 2.49%, 76.33 ± 1.51%, and 84.25 ± 1.88%, respectively. Our studies demonstrate the reliability of quantitative characterization of tissue composition and arrangements using a combination of LSS and CNNs. The potential clinical applications of the developed approach include intraoperative quantification and mapping of atrial fibrosis, as well as the assessment of ablation lesions.
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Garnaud, Camille, Stéphane Bélair, Marco L. Carrera, Chris Derksen, Bernard Bilodeau, Maria Abrahamowicz, Nathalie Gauthier und Vincent Vionnet. „Quantifying Snow Mass Mission Concept Trade-Offs Using an Observing System Simulation Experiment“. Journal of Hydrometeorology 20, Nr. 1 (01.01.2019): 155–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jhm-d-17-0241.1.
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Abstract Because of its location, Canada is particularly affected by snow processes and their impact on the atmosphere and hydrosphere. Yet, snow mass observations that are ongoing, global, frequent (1–5 days), and at high enough spatial resolution (kilometer scale) for assimilation within operational prediction systems are presently not available. Recently, Environment and Climate Change Canada (ECCC) partnered with the Canadian Space Agency (CSA) to initiate a radar-focused snow mission concept study to define spaceborne technological solutions to this observational gap. In this context, an Observing System Simulation Experiment (OSSE) was performed to determine the impact of sensor configuration, snow water equivalent (SWE) retrieval performance, and snow wet/dry state on snow analyses from the Canadian Land Data Assimilation System (CaLDAS). The synthetic experiment shows that snow analyses are strongly sensitive to revisit frequency since more frequent assimilation leads to a more constrained land surface model. The greatest reduction in spatial (temporal) bias is from a 1-day revisit frequency with a 91% (93%) improvement. Temporal standard deviation of the error (STDE) is mostly reduced by a greater retrieval accuracy with a 65% improvement, while a 1-day revisit reduces the temporal STDE by 66%. The inability to detect SWE under wet snow conditions is particularly impactful during the spring meltdown, with an increase in spatial RMSE of up to 50 mm. Wet snow does not affect the domain-wide annual maximum SWE nor the timing of end-of-season snowmelt timing in this case, indicating that radar measurements, although uncertain during melting events, are very useful in adding skill to snow analyses.
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Carrera, Marco L., Bernard Bilodeau, Stéphane Bélair, Maria Abrahamowicz, Albert Russell und Xihong Wang. „Assimilation of Passive L-band Microwave Brightness Temperatures in the Canadian Land Data Assimilation System: Impacts on Short-Range Warm Season Numerical Weather Prediction“. Journal of Hydrometeorology 20, Nr. 6 (30.05.2019): 1053–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jhm-d-18-0133.1.
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Abstract This study examines the impacts of assimilating Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) L-band brightness temperatures (TBs) on warm season short-range numerical weather prediction (NWP) forecasts. Focusing upon the summer 2015 period over North America, offline assimilation cycles are run with the Canadian Land Data Assimilation System (CaLDAS) to compare the impacts of assimilating SMAP TB versus screen-level observations to analyze soil moisture. The analyzed soil moistures are quantitatively compared against a set of in situ sparse soil moisture networks and a set of SMAP core validation sites. These surface analyses are used to initialize a series of 48-h forecasts where near-surface temperature and precipitation are evaluated against in situ observations. Assimilation of SMAP TBs leads to soil moisture that is markedly improved in terms of correlation and standard deviation of the errors (STDE) compared to the use of screen-level observations. NWP forecasts initialized with SMAP-derived soil moistures exhibit a general dry bias in 2-m dewpoint temperatures (TD2m), while displaying a relative warm bias in 2-m temperatures (TT2m), when compared to those forecasts initialized with soil moistures analyzed with screen-level temperature errors. Largest impacts with SMAP are seen for TD2m, where the use of screen-level observations leads to a daytime wet bias that is reduced with SMAP. The overall drier soil moisture leads to improved precipitation bias scores with SMAP. A notable deterioration in TD2m STDE scores was found in the SMAP experiments during the daytime over the Northern Great Plains. A reduction in the daytime TD2m wet bias was found when the observation errors for the screen-level observations were increased.
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Isharyadi, Isharyadi, Firman Kurniawan, Irwansyah Irwansyah und Poppy Ruliana. „INTEGRATED MARKETING COMMUNICATION SEKOLAH TINGGI DESAIN INTERSTUDI SEBAGAI STRATEGI KELUAR DARI KRISIS“. Communicare : Journal of Communication Studies 6, Nr. 1 (06.08.2019): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.37535/101006120192.
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This study aims to find out how Integrated Marketing Communication (IMC) is a strategy out of crisis? The analysis of this study focuses on how Integrated Marketing Communication becomes a strategy out of crisis, using planning-planning, organizing, activating, and monitoring methods that are carried out to determine and achieve targets According to George R. Terry (Terry, 1957). Through case studies and data collection techniques in the form of interviews, it is known that IMC can overcome and even exclude organizations from crises, besides being able to improve the image also has an impact on increasing student acceptance. The conclusion of this study shows that the existence of IMC activities carried out separately, although it does not have an impact on new student admissions, this strategy is able to make STDI out of crisis, IMC strategies can be a different approach for crisis-affected organizations, improving the image positive and increase public trust.
Keywords: Crisis; Integrated Marketing Communication
ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Bagaimana Komunikasi Pemasaran Terpadu (IMC) sebagai strategi keluar dari krisis ?Analisa penelitian ini berfokus pada bagaimana IMC menjadi strategi keluar dari krisis, menggunakan metode perencanaan-perencanaan, pengorganisasian, penggiatan, dan pengawasan yang dilakukan untuk menentukan serta mencapai sasaran-sasaranMenurut George R.Terry (Terry, 1957). Melalui studi kasus dan teknik pengumpulan data berupa wawancara, diketahui bahwa IMCdapat mengatasi bahkan mengeluarkan organisasi dari krisis, selain dapat meningkatan citra juga berdampak pada meningkatnya penerimaan mahasiswa. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini menunjukan adanya kegiatan IMC yang dilakukan secara terpisah pisah, meskipun tidak berdampak pada penerimaan mahasiswa baru dirasakan strategi ini mampu membuat STDI keluar dari krisis, strategi IMC mampu menjadi pendekatan yang berbeda bagi organisasi yang terkena krisis, memperbaiki citra positif dan meningkatkan kepercayaan masyarakat.
Kata kunci: krisis; komunikasi pemasaran terpadu
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Papadopoulos, H. C., und C. E. W. Sundberg. „Shared time-division duplexing (STDD): impact of runlengths of dropped packets and fast-speech activity detection“. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology 47, Nr. 3 (1998): 856–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/25.704840.
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Hwa Lee, Mi, Hong Ryang Jung, Cheong Hwan Lim, Mi Soon Park, Ki Jeong Kim und Sung Hun Jeung. „Optical density analysis of standard phantom for mammography quality control“. International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, Nr. 3.3 (08.06.2018): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i2.33.13846.
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Background/Objectives: The objective of this study was to analyze optic density of dummy lesions in breast phantom by mammography and understand whether the objectivity of visual inspections on dummy lesions upon appropriate and inappropriate decisions was correct quantitatively.Methods/Statistical analysis: Study subjects were 165 phantom images in 74 hospitals nationwide that passed the test of special medical equipment by Korean Institute for Accreditation of Medical Image from May 2016 to April 2017. Min (A), Max (B), Mean (C), and StdDev (D) were measured using color level information. Fibers, specks, and masses divided dummy lesions determined as appropriate or inappropriate in 165 images. For each divided dummy lesion, Min, Max, Mean concentration, and concentration difference summarized it.Findings: There was a significant difference in Max concentration (B) between dummy lesions of 9 (specks 3) and 10 (specks 4). In dummy lesion 12 (mass 1), there was no significant difference by each step, although the deviation between black and white was high since the scope of lesion was big. Upon analysis of optic density divided by appropriate and inappropriate decisions, there were significant differences in concentration difference (D) for fibers, Min (A) and Max (B) concentrations as well as concentration difference (D) for specks, and Max (B) and Mean (C) concentrations with concentration difference (D) for masses.Improvements/Applications: Visual inspections appeared to have difficulty in analyzing lesions due to the ambiguity of quantitative differences. Further developments of quantitative programs are needed to replace visual inspection for breast phantom lesions in mammography.
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Jaksa, Ashley, Anson Pontynen und Alexander Bastian. „Exploring the time delay between regulatory approval and health techonology assessments (HTAs) of oncology therapies in France, Germany, England, Scotland, Canada, and Australia.“ Journal of Clinical Oncology 35, Nr. 15_suppl (20.05.2017): 6545. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2017.35.15_suppl.6545.
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6545 Background: Drugs in the USA become available from the moment of FDA approval. Access to oncology therapies outside of the USA may be delayed by regulatory and additional payer HTA processes. This study aimed to examine the time from regulatory approval to an HTA reimbursement decision in countries with mandatory HTA. Methods: Oncology HTAs (N=569) for medicines approved by the EMA, Health Canada, and the Therapeutic Goods Administration (Australia) were matched on indication with HTAs from France, Germany, Canada, England, Scotland, and Australia. Resubmissions were excluded. The date of the first reimbursement decision was subtracted from the date of the regulatory approval to determine the time taken to complete HTA and to issue reimbursement decision. Trends by country were examined. Results: Time between regulatory approval and HTA reimbursement required a mean of 321 days (Median=214 days; Std.Dev. 330 days). Access in England took the longest, on average, (547 days) to issue a decision compared to the other countries. This time was two to three times longer than any other country. Australia had the shortest time to issue a reimbursement decision, which was approximately 6 months. Conclusions: Approximately one additional year is required after regulatory approval for oncology medicines to complete HTA and receive a reimbursement decision, potentially delaying patient access to oncology medicines outside the USA. The large variability in time to a reimbursement decision by country is likely due to varying processes. Additional research is needed to clarify the impact of these delays on access to care and patient outcomes. [Table: see text]
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Xi, Dongbo, Fuzhen Zhuang, Yanchi Liu, Jingjing Gu, Hui Xiong und Qing He. „Modelling of Bi-Directional Spatio-Temporal Dependence and Users’ Dynamic Preferences for Missing POI Check-In Identification“. Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 33 (17.07.2019): 5458–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v33i01.33015458.
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Human mobility data accumulated from Point-of-Interest (POI) check-ins provides great opportunity for user behavior understanding. However, data quality issues (e.g., geolocation information missing, unreal check-ins, data sparsity) in real-life mobility data limit the effectiveness of existing POIoriented studies, e.g., POI recommendation and location prediction, when applied to real applications. To this end, in this paper, we develop a model, named Bi-STDDP, which can integrate bi-directional spatio-temporal dependence and users’ dynamic preferences, to identify the missing POI check-in where a user has visited at a specific time. Specifically, we first utilize bi-directional global spatial and local temporal information of POIs to capture the complex dependence relationships. Then, target temporal pattern in combination with user and POI information are fed into a multi-layer network to capture users’ dynamic preferences. Moreover, the dynamic preferences are transformed into the same space as the dependence relationships to form the final model. Finally, the proposed model is evaluated on three large-scale real-world datasets and the results demonstrate significant improvements of our model compared with state-of-the-art methods. Also, it is worth noting that the proposed model can be naturally extended to address POI recommendation and location prediction tasks with competitive performances.
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Haselhorst, Thomas, Anja K. Münster-Kühnel, Melanie Oschlies, Joe Tiralongo, Rita Gerardy-Schahn und Mark von Itzstein. „Direct detection of ligand binding to Sepharose-immobilised protein using saturation transfer double difference (STDD) NMR spectroscopy“. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 359, Nr. 4 (August 2007): 866–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2007.05.204.
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Kokko, Hanna, Esa Ranta, Graeme Ruxton und Per Lundberg. „SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASE AND THE EVOLUTION OF MATING SYSTEMS“. Evolution 56, Nr. 6 (2002): 1091. http://dx.doi.org/10.1554/0014-3820(2002)056[1091:stdate]2.0.co;2.
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Hane, Carl E., Howard B. Bluestein, Todd M. Crawford, Michael E. Baldwin und Robert M. Rabin. „Severe Thunderstorm Development in Relation to Along-Dryline Variability: A Case Study“. Monthly Weather Review 125, Nr. 2 (Februar 1997): 231–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/1520-0493(1997)125<0231:stdirt>2.0.co;2.
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Vannitsem, S., und Z. Toth. „Short-Term Dynamics of Model Errors“. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 59, Nr. 17 (September 2002): 2594–604. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/1520-0469(2002)059<2594:stdome>2.0.co;2.
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Rose, Kenneth D., Richard L. Cifelli und Thomas R. Lipka. „Second triconodont dentary from the Early Cretaceous of Maryland“. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 21, Nr. 3 (22.08.2001): 628–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1671/0272-4634(2001)021[0628:stdfte]2.0.co;2.
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Oliveira, Eduarda Da Conceição, Karytany Ulian Dalla Costa, Wilhan Douglas dos Reis, Aldecy De Almeida Santos und Welitom Ttatom Pereira da Silva. „Diagnóstico temporal e espacial da qualidade da água superficial em uma microbacia urbana“. Revista Ibero-Americana de Ciências Ambientais 9, Nr. 8 (14.05.2019): 57–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.6008/cbpc2179-6858.2018.008.0006.
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O desenvolvimento urbano e a ocupação desordenada do solo provocam alterações tanto na quantidade, quanto na qualidade dos recursos hídricos em uma bacia hidrográfica. Neste contexto, o objetivo deste estudo consiste na caracterização da variação sazonal e espacial da qualidade da água superficial do Córrego Fortaleza, situado no município de Cuiabá (MT). O monitoramento foi realizado em três pontos de coleta: Nascente, Meio e Exutório. As coletas foram realizadas mensalmente, entre junho/2017 e março/2018, nos períodos de seca e chuva. São apresentados os resultados obtidos ao longo do tempo para os seguintes parâmetros físicos, químicos e microbiológicos: Temperatura, Sólidos Totais Dissolvidos (STD), Condutividade Elétrica (CE), pH, Oxigênio Dissolvido (OD), Cor Verdadeira, Turbidez, Sólidos Totais, Demanda Bioquímica de Oxigênio (DBO5), Demanda Química de Oxigênio (DQO), Alcalinidade, Nitrito, Nitrato, Nitrogênio Total, Fósforo Total, Coliformes Totais (CT) e Escherichia coli. Os dados foram tratados estatisticamente, de forma descritiva com o auxílio do software de análise de dados ‘R’ e com a aplicação da correlação de Pearson. Para a classificação da qualidade da água nos pontos analisados, realizou-se o cálculo do Índice de Qualidade da Água (IQA-CETESB). Os resultados demonstraram a influência da sazonalidade principalmente sobre os parâmetros Cor Verdadeira, DBO5, Nitrogênio Total, Fósforo Total, e Escherichia coli. As fortes correlações entre STDxCE e CTxE. coli ratificam a as alterações na qualidade da água advindas de atividades antrópicas na microbacia. Por fim, o IQA-CETESB classificou a qualidade do ponto Nascente como ‘razoável’ e dos pontos Meio e Exutório como ‘ruim’, apontando que a água superficial do Córrego Fortaleza se encontra seriamente alterada devido, principalmente, ao processo de uso e ocupação inadequados do solo.
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Wang, Xuesong, Lei Peng, Xiaojin Gong, Xiugong Zhang, Ruifu Sun und Jinlong Du. „miR-423-5p Inhibits Osteosarcoma Proliferation and Invasion Through Directly Targeting STMN1“. Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry 50, Nr. 6 (2018): 2249–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000495085.
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Background/Aims: Increasing evidences suggest that dysregulated expression of miRNAs contributes to the progression of various tumors. However, the underlying function of miR-423-5p in osteosarcoma remains unexplored. Methods: The expression of miR-423-5p and STMN1 were determined in osteosarcoma samples and cell lines via quantitative real-time PCR. Colony formation and Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assays were performed to measure cell proliferation ability and transwell analysis was used to detect cell invasion, and dual luciferase reporter assay was perform to analysis the interaction between the miR-423-5p and STMN1. Results: The expression levels of miR-423-5p and STMN1 in the osteosarcoma tissues and cell lines were measured by qRT-PCR. Cell viability was determined using the clone formation and CCK-8 assays. A dual-luciferase reporter and Western blot were performed to stdudy the target gene of miR-423-5p. Here, we showed that miR-423-5p expression was downregulated in osteosarcoma tissues and cell lines. However, the expression of stathmin1 (STMN1) was downregulated in osteosarcoma tissues and cell lines. Moreover, STMN1 expression level was negatively correlated with the miR-423-5p expression in the osteosarcoma tissues. We identified STMN1 was a direct target gene of miR-423-5p in osteosarcoma cell. Overexpression of miR-423-5p inhibited osteosarcoma cell proliferation, colony formation and invasion. Furthermore, we demonstrated that STMN1 was involved in miR-423-5p-mediated cell behavior such as cell proliferation, colony formation and invasion in the osteosarcoma cell. Conclusion: Our present study indicated that miR-423-5p acted as a tumor suppressor gene in osteosarcoma partly through inhibiting STMN1 expression.
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Vu, Bryan, Odón Sánchez, Jianzhao Bi, Qingyang Xiao, Nadia Hansel, William Checkley, Gustavo Gonzales, Kyle Steenland und Yang Liu. „Developing an Advanced PM2.5 Exposure Model in Lima, Peru“. Remote Sensing 11, Nr. 6 (16.03.2019): 641. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11060641.
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It is well recognized that exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) affects health adversely, yet few studies from South America have documented such associations due to the sparsity of PM2.5 measurements. Lima’s topography and aging vehicular fleet results in severe air pollution with limited amounts of monitors to effectively quantify PM2.5 levels for epidemiologic studies. We developed an advanced machine learning model to estimate daily PM2.5 concentrations at a 1 km2 spatial resolution in Lima, Peru from 2010 to 2016. We combined aerosol optical depth (AOD), meteorological fields from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF), parameters from the Weather Research and Forecasting model coupled with Chemistry (WRF-Chem), and land use variables to fit a random forest model against ground measurements from 16 monitoring stations. Overall cross-validation R2 (and root mean square prediction error, RMSE) for the random forest model was 0.70 (5.97 μg/m3). Mean PM2.5 for ground measurements was 24.7 μg/m3 while mean estimated PM2.5 was 24.9 μg/m3 in the cross-validation dataset. The mean difference between ground and predicted measurements was −0.09 μg/m3 (Std.Dev. = 5.97 μg/m3), with 94.5% of observations falling within 2 standard deviations of the difference indicating good agreement between ground measurements and predicted estimates. Surface downwards solar radiation, temperature, relative humidity, and AOD were the most important predictors, while percent urbanization, albedo, and cloud fraction were the least important predictors. Comparison of monthly mean measurements between ground and predicted PM2.5 shows good precision and accuracy from our model. Furthermore, mean annual maps of PM2.5 show consistent lower concentrations in the coast and higher concentrations in the mountains, resulting from prevailing coastal winds blown from the Pacific Ocean in the west. Our model allows for construction of long-term historical daily PM2.5 measurements at 1 km2 spatial resolution to support future epidemiological studies.
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ZHANG, Xiaoling. „A confocal study of mechanism of 5-hydroxytryptamino induced intracellular calcium dynamics in cultured rat stomach fundus smooth muscle cells with a new Ca2+ indicator STDIn-AM“. Science in China Series B 45, Nr. 5 (2002): 463. http://dx.doi.org/10.1360/02yb9060.
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