Dissertationen zum Thema „Statistic services“
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1
Birkestedt, Sara, und Andreas Hansson. „Can web-based statistic services be trusted?“ Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Avdelningen för programvarusystem, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-5282.
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A large number of statistic services exist today, which shows that there is a great interest in knowing more about the visitors on a web site. But how reliable is the result the services are giving? The hypothesis examined in the thesis is: Web-based statistic services do not show an accurate result The purpose of the thesis is to find out how accurate the web-based statistic services are regarding unique visitors and number of pages viewed. Our hope is that this thesis will bring more knowledge about the different statistic services that exists today and the problems surrounding them. We will also draw attention to the importance of knowing how your statistic software works to be able to interpret the results correctly. To investigate this, we chose to do practical tests on a selection of web-based statistic services. The services registered the traffic from the same web site during a test period. During the same period a control program registered the same things and stored the result in a database. In addition to the test, we have done an interview with a person working with web statistics. The investigation showed that there are big differences between the results from the web-based statistic services in the test and that none of them showed an accurate result, neither for the total number of page views nor unique visitors. This led us to the conclusion that web-based statistic services do not show an accurate result, which verifies our hypothesis. Also the interview confirmed that there is a problem with measuring web statistics.Ett stort antal statistiksystem existerar idag för att ta reda på information om besökare på webbplatser. Men hur pålitliga är egentligen dessa tjänster? Syftet med uppsatsen är att ta reda på hur pålitliga de är när det gäller att visa antal unika besökare och totalt antal sidvisningar. Hypotesen vi har formulerat är: Webb-baserade statistiksystem visar inte ett korrekt resultat. För att testa detta har vi gjort praktiska tester av fem olika webb-baserade statistiktjänster som användes på samma webbplats under samma period. Informationen som dessa tjänster registrerade lagrade vi i en databas, samtidigt som vi använde ett eget kontrollprogram för att mäta samma uppgifter. Vi har också genomfört en intervju med en person som arbetar med webbstatistik på ett webbföretag. Undersökningen visar att resultatet mellan de olika tjänsterna skiljer sig mycket, både jämfört med varandra och med kontrollprogrammet. Detta gällde både antal sidvisningar och unika besökare. Detta leder till slutsatsen att systemen inte visar korrekta uppgifter, vilket gör att vi kan verifiera vår hypotes. Även intervjun som utfördes visade på de problem som finns med att mäta besökarstatistik.
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Chugunova, Galina, und Robert Örneving. „MODELING AND OPTIMIZATION OF CUSTOMER SERVICE SYSTEMS“. Thesis, KTH, Matematisk statistik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-275592.
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This project is dedicated to modelling and optimization of a queue system and personnel management in organizations and is designed as a case study of a phone customer service. Customer services have become an important part of the majority of modern business systems thanks to its role as a primary tool for communication between companies and customers. Hence follows great academical and practical interest for splendidly designed customer systems and even for personnel welfare. The latter is an important factor influencing a number of aspects, for example system’s effectiveness, quality of service and personnel turnover. The theory behind queue modelling and simulations can be found in chapter 2, which is followed by data overview. The approach of modeling is described in chapter 4 and includes data processing, estimation of intensities and simulation of similar datasets based on the produced intensities. Simulations are also used to produce working timetables, to show the dependence between target achievements and budget and check the model’s accuracy. The optimal working timetable with different budget targets is presented at the end of the chapter 5. The model’s accuracy and implications of the case study are discussed in chapter 6. Chapter 7 is dedicated to personnel welfare. Firstly, we consider relevant theoretical background such as organization theory and its HR perspective. Overview of personnel welfare system of the customer service modelled in the mathematical part is given in 7.3.1. This part is followed by case study of a company called T-Mobile. After that some aspects of personnel welfare are discussed, and the conclusions are drawn in chapter 8.Detta projekt behandlar modellering och optimering av ett kösystem samt personalvård på organisationer och är utformad som en fallstudie av en telefonkundtjänst. Kundtjänstsystem har blivit en viktig del av de flesta, om inte alla, moderna affärssystem tack vare dess roll som ett primärt kommunikationsinstrument för företag och kunder. Härav följer stort akademiskt och praktiskt intresse för välfungerande kundtjänstsystem och inte minst för personalvården. Det sistnämnda är en viktig faktor som påverkar en rad aspekter såsom kundtjänstsystemets effektivitet, servicekvalitet och personalomsättning. Teorin bakom kömodellering och simulering hittas i kapitel 2, som följs av dataöverblick i nästa kapitel. Tillvägagångssättet vid kömodelleringen beskrivs i kapitel 4 och inkluderar databearbetning, estimering av intensiteter samt simulering av liknande datamängder med de framtagna intensiteterna som utgångspunkter. Simuleringar används dessutom för att ta fram scheman, visa beroendet mellan variabler måluppfyllnad och budget och kontrollera modellens träffsäkerhet. Optimalt arbetsschema för olika budgetmålsättningar ställs upp och presenteras i slutet på kapitel 5. Modellens träffsäkerhet och implikationer av studiens resultat diskuteras i kapitel 6. Kapitel 7 är dedikerad till personalvård. Först vänder vi oss till teoretiska grunder av organisationsteori och dess HR-perspektiv. Översikt på hur personalvård ser ut på en kundtjänstavdelning vars kösystem har modellerats ges i 7.3.1. Den delen följs av fallstudien av ett bolag T-Mobile. Sedan markeras olika moment av personalvård i diskussionsdelen. Slutsatser sammanfattas i kapitel 8.
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Sylvan, Johan. „Information visualization of consulting services statistics“. Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Medie- och Informationsteknik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-133217.
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The aim of this masters thesis is to create a customized visualization web application of consulting services statistics. This to allow users to get an overview of time management through clear visual links between developers, customers and tasks. The design of the application is based on literature in usability and information visualization as well as a usability test. This thesis work resulted in a JavaScript based web application using the web framework CakePHP which follows a model-view-controller architectural pattern with visualization components implemented in Javascript.
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Barr, Kajsa, und Hampus Pettersson. „Predicting and Explaining Customer Churn for an Audio/e-book Subscription Service using Statistical Analysis and Machine Learning“. Thesis, KTH, Matematisk statistik, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-252723.
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The current technology shift has contributed to increased consumption of media and entertainment through various mobile devices, and especially through subscription based services. Storytel is a company offering a subscription based streaming service for audio and e-books, and has grown rapidly in the last couple of years. However, when operating in a competitive market, it is of great importance to understand the behavior and demands of the customer base. It has been shown that it is more profitable to retain existing customers than to acquire new ones, which is why a large focus should be directed towards preventing customers from leaving the service, that is preventing customer churn. One way to cope with this problem is by applying statistical analysis and machine learning in order to identify patterns and customer behavior in data. In this thesis, the models logistic regression and random forest are used with an aim to both predict and explain churn in early stages of a customer's subscription. The models are tested together with the feature selection methods Elastic Net, RFE and PCA, as well as with the oversampling method SMOTE. One main finding is that the best predictive model is obtained by using random forest together with RFE, producing a prediction score of 0.2427 and a recall score of 0.7699. The other main finding is that the explanatory model is given by logistic regression together with Elastic Net, where significant regression coefficient estimates can be used to explain patterns associated with churn and give useful findings from a business perspective.Det pågående teknologiskiftet har bidragit till en ökad konsumtion av digital media och underhållning via olika typer av mobila enheter, t.ex. smarttelefoner. Storytel är ett företag som erbjuder en prenumerationstjänst för ljud- och e-böcker och har haft en kraftig tillväxt de senaste åren. När företag befinner sig i en konkurrensutsatt marknad är det av stor vikt att förstå sig på kunders beteende samt vilka krav och önskemål kunder har på tjänsten. Det har nämligen visat sig vara mer lönsamt att behålla existerande kunder i tjänsten än hela tiden värva nya, och det är därför viktigt att se till att en befintlig kund inte avslutar sin prenumeration. Ett sätt att hantera detta är genom att använda statistisk analys och maskininlärningsmetoder för att identifiera mönster och beteenden i data. I denna uppsats används både logistisk regression och random forest med syfte att både prediktera och förklara uppsägning av tjänsten i ett tidigt stadie av en kunds prenumeration. Modellerna testas tillsammans med variabelselektionsmetoderna Elastic Net, RFE och PCA, samt tillsammans med översamplingsmetoden SMOTE. Resultatet blev att random forest tillsammans med RFE bäst predikterade uppsägning av tjänsten med 0.2427 i måttet precision och 0.7699 i måttet recall. Ett annat viktigt resultat är att den förklarande modellen ges av logistisk regression tillsammans med Elastic Net, där signifikanta estimat av regressionskoefficienterna ökar förklaringsgraden för beteenden och mönster relaterade till kunders uppsägning av tjänsten. Därmed ges användbara insikter ur ett företagsperspektiv.
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Schivo, Stefano. „Statistical Model Checking of Web Services“. Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trento, 2010. https://hdl.handle.net/11572/368768.
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In recent years, the increasing interest on service-oriented paradigm has given rise to a series of supporting tools and languages. In particular, COWS (Calculus for Orchestration of Web Services) has been attracting the attention of part of the scientific community for its peculiar effort in formalising the semantics of the de facto standard Web Services orchestration language WS-BPEL. The purpose of the present work is to provide the tools for representing and evaluating the performance of Web Services modelled through COWS. In order to do this, a stochastic version of COWS is proposed: such a language allows us to describe the performance of the modelled systems and thus to represent Web Services both from the qualitative and quantitative points of view. In particular, we provide COWS with an extension which maintains the polyadic matching mechanism: this way, the language will still provide the capability to explicitly model the use of session identifiers. The resulting Scows is then equipped with a software tool which allows us to effectively perform model checking without incurring into the problem of state-space explosion, which would otherwise thwart the computation efforts even when checking relatively small models. In order to obtain this result, the proposed tool relies on the statistical analysis of simulation traces, which allows us to deal with large state-spaces without the actual need to completely explore them. Such an improvement in model checking performances comes at the price of accuracy in the answers provided: for this reason, users can trade-off speed against accuracy by modifying a series of parameters. In order to assess the efficiency of the proposed technique, our tool is compared with a number of existing model checking softwares.
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Schivo, Stefano. „Statistical Model Checking of Web Services“. Doctoral thesis, University of Trento, 2010. http://eprints-phd.biblio.unitn.it/231/1/PhD-Thesis.pdf.
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In recent years, the increasing interest on service-oriented paradigm has given rise to a series of supporting tools and languages. In particular, COWS (Calculus for Orchestration of Web Services) has been attracting the attention of part of the scientific community for its peculiar effort in formalising the semantics of the de facto standard Web Services orchestration language WS-BPEL. The purpose of the present work is to provide the tools for representing and evaluating the performance of Web Services modelled through COWS. In order to do this, a stochastic version of COWS is proposed: such a language allows us to describe the performance of the modelled systems and thus to represent Web Services both from the qualitative and quantitative points of view. In particular, we provide COWS with an extension which maintains the polyadic matching mechanism: this way, the language will still provide the capability to explicitly model the use of session identifiers. The resulting Scows is then equipped with a software tool which allows us to effectively perform model checking without incurring into the problem of state-space explosion, which would otherwise thwart the computation efforts even when checking relatively small models. In order to obtain this result, the proposed tool relies on the statistical analysis of simulation traces, which allows us to deal with large state-spaces without the actual need to completely explore them. Such an improvement in model checking performances comes at the price of accuracy in the answers provided: for this reason, users can trade-off speed against accuracy by modifying a series of parameters. In order to assess the efficiency of the proposed technique, our tool is compared with a number of existing model checking softwares.
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Taylor, Joan. „Mathematical models for planning social services resources“. Thesis, Durham University, 1986. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/6832/.
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This research discusses a number of computer-based mathematical models which are designed to assist planners to make strategic decisions concerning the allocations of social services resources. A new model is postulated which uses current patterns of care to derive a set of alternative modes or packages of care, chooses a suitable set of allocations of clients to packages of care within given resource constraints and can be used to explore the effect on resource requirements of demographic changes, and to explore alternative ways of caring for clients if populations expand and/or resources are reduced. Comparisons are made with the DHSS Balance of Care model and with other models. An exploration is included of the weighting values used in the postulated model’s objective function.
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Kabátková, Jana. „Service Desk z pohledu statistiky“. Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-15748.
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The thesis is divided into three parts. In the first part we describe the theoretical basis for what we explain and analyze in practice in other parts of this thesis. In this section, we can find all stages of the service life cycle according to ITIL methodology (IT Infrastructure Library), which serves to all organizations involved in managing IT services. We focus mainly on the current version of ITIL V3, which is grouped in five books and gradually through the entire service life cycle. Whereas it is not used only one standard in practice, there are also described other methodologies which are often used. In the second part there is shown the practice of service delivery in IT area for company Pražská energetika a.s. There are mapped individual processes, roles and functions of one of the stages -- Service Operations. The primary goal of this section is a detailed description of the Service Desk function, where we compare theory with practice. In the last, third part we analyze obtained data, for the purpose to evaluate function of Service Desk. One of the objective of this analysis is a data prediction, which we will achieve by using time series. The results of this analysis will be provided to the company management.
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Šibík, Štefan. „Implementace parametrických modelů závislých na okamžitých vlastnostech síťového provozu v simulačním prostředí OPNET Modeler“. Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-217505.
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The aim of this diploma thesis was to create an own DiffServ domain model, which is supplemented with stations generating various type of network traffic and implementation of token-bucket mechanism in router´s process model in Opnet Modeler simulation environment. DiffServ domain is made up from two edge and two core routers and includes servers and client stations generating VoIP, FTP, HTTP and database access traffic. It is described a process of distribution of traffic into different classes on edge routers of DiffServ domain along with assurance of separate handling with usage of an Assured Forwarding PHB mechanism. In point of differentiated packet processing is process model completed with generating of various statistics. The process of their creating is used to check a dropper activity, which is implemented together with token-bucket mechanism on ARP layer of the router. The functionality of the model is verified by simulation.
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Eliason, Kiya Lynn. „Addressing Pre-Service Teachers' Misconceptions About Confidence Intervals“. BYU ScholarsArchive, 2018. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/6917.
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Increased attention to statistical concepts has been a prevalent trend in revised mathematics curricula across grade levels. However, the preparation of secondary school mathematics educators has not received similar attention, and learning opportunities provided to these educators is oftentimes insufficient for teaching statistics well. The purpose of this study is to analyze pre-service teachers' conceptions about confidence intervals. This research inquired about statistical reasoning from the perspective of students majoring in mathematics education enrolled in an undergraduate statistics education course who have previously completed an introductory course in statistics. We found common misconceptions among pre-service teachers participating in this study. An unanticipated finding is that all the pre-service teachers believed that the construction of a confidence interval relies on a sampling distribution that does not contain every possible sample. Instead, they believed it is necessary to take multiple samples and build a distribution of their means. I called this distribution the Multi-Sample Distribution (MSD).
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Leong, Jennifer. „High school students' attitudes and beliefs regarding statistics in a service-learning-based statistics course“. unrestricted, 2006. http://etd.gsu.edu/theses/available/etd-11292006-140510/.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Georgia State University, 2006.Title from title screen. Christine Thomas, committee chair; Joel Meyers, Draga Vidakovic, Steve Harmon, committee members. Electronic text (196 p.) : digital, PDF file. Description based on contents viewed July 31, 2007. Includes bibliographical references (p. 154-169).
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Forte, Paolo. „Predicting Service Metrics from Device and Network Statistics“. Thesis, KTH, Kommunikationsnät, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-175892.
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For an IT company that provides a service over the Internet like Facebook or Spotify, it is very important to provide a high quality of service; however, predicting the quality of service is generally a hard task. The goal of this thesis is to investigate whether an approach that makes use of statistical learning to predict the quality of service can obtain accurate predictions for a Voldemort key-value store [1] in presence of dynamic load patterns and network statistics. The approach follows the idea that the service-level metrics associated with the quality of service can be estimated from serverside statistical observations, like device and network statistics. The advantage of the approach analysed in this thesis is that it can virtually work with any kind of service, since it is based only on device and network statistics, which are unaware of the type of service provided. The approach is structured as follows. During the service operations, a large amount of device statistics from the Linux kernel of the operating system (e.g. cpu usage level, disk activity, interrupts rate) and some basic end-to-end network statistics (e.g. average round-trip-time, packet loss rate) are periodically collected on the service platform. At the same time, some service-level metrics (e.g. average reading time, average writing time, etc.) are collected on the client machine as indicators of the store’s quality of service. To emulate network statistics, such as dynamic delay and packet loss, all the traffic is redirected to flow through a network emulator. Then, different types of statistical learning methods, based on linear and tree-based regression algorithms, are applied to the data collections to obtain a learning model able to accurately predict the service-level metrics from the device and network statistics. The results, obtained for different traffic scenarios and configurations, show that the thesis’ approach can find learning models that can accurately predict the service-level metrics for a single-node store with error rates lower than 20% (NMAE), even in presence of network impairments.
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Leuer, Debora Kim. „A comparison study of food facility inspection scores and consumer complaints“. CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1999. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1711.
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Kaowichakorn, Peerachai. „Probabilistic Analysis of Quality of Service“. Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Sektionen för datavetenskap och kommunikation, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-4880.
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Current complex service systems are usually comprised of many other components which are often external services performing particular tasks. The quality of service (QoS) attributes such as availability, cost, response time are essential to determine usability and eciency of such system. Obviously, the QoS of such compound system is dependent on the QoS of its components. However, the QoS of each component is naturally unstable and di erent each time it is called due to many factors like network bandwidth, workload, hardware resource, etc. This will consequently make the QoS of the whole system be unstable. This uncertainty can be described and represented with probability distributions. This thesis presents an approach to calculate the QoS of the system when the probability distributions of QoS of each component are provided by service provider or derived from historical data, along with the structure of their compositions. In addition, an analyzer tool is implemented in order to predict the QoS of the given compositions and probability distributions following the proposed approach. The output of the analyzer can be used to predict the behavior of the system to be implemented and to make decisions based on the expected performance. The experimental evaluation shows that the estimation is reliable with a minimal and acceptable error measurement.
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Leong, Jennifer. „High School Students' Attitudes and Beliefs Regarding Statistics in a Service-Learning-Based Statistics Course“. Digital Archive @ GSU, 2007. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/msit_diss/12.
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Despite agreement among researchers about the powerful influence of attitudes and beliefs on the development of students’ mathematical knowledge base (Leder, Pehkonen, & Törner, 2002), relatively little is known about these constructs in statistics education. This study investigated the relationship between mathematics-and statistics-related attitudes and beliefs of 11 high school students in an introductory statistics course designed around a 13-week long service-learning project. Service-learning is a pedagogical approach that situates academic learning in the context of community service. The study utilized qualitative, teacher-researcher (Cochran-Smith & Lytle, 1993) methodology from an interpretivist perspective. The three primary modes of data collection were journals, narratives, and an open-ended survey (Survey of Mathematical and Statistical Affect). Observations and reflections were also recorded regularly in a researcher journal. Inquiry adhered to guidelines for trustworthiness and rigor as outlined by Lincoln and Guba (1985). Item, pattern, and structural levels of analysis were employed (LeCompte and Schensul, 1999b). Investigation into attitudes and beliefs was framed in accordance with Op t’ Eynde, De Corte, and Verschaffel’s (2002) conceptualization of the mathematics-related belief system and McLeod’s (1992) framework of the affective domain in mathematics education. Results indicate that participants’ attitudes toward mathematics and statistics tended to converge while participants’ beliefs regarding mathematics and statistics tended to diverge. Participants like mathematics and statistics that involve real-life scenarios. Participants also like mathematics and statistics that do not require complex mathematical tasks. Participants’ beliefs regarding statistics were generally more positive than beliefs regarding mathematics. Participants reported greater confidence doing statistics than mathematics and contribute this confidence, in part, to service-learning. Participants also experienced a heightened sense of social awareness and social responsibility through the service-learning project. These results provide evidence that service-learning can be utilized to solidify positive attitudes and beliefs regarding statistics among high school students, in spite of potentially less positive ones toward mathematics.
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Fassbender, Matthias. „Steuern und Stoppen undiskontierter Markoffscher Entscheidungsmodelle“. Bonn : [s.n.], 1990. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=002716899&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
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Riesel, Max. „Root cause analysis using Bayesian networks for a video streaming service“. Thesis, KTH, Matematisk statistik, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-252717.
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In this thesis, an approach for localizing culprits of degradation of quality measures in an IPTV streaming service using Bayesian net-work is presented. This task is referred to as Root Cause Analysis(RCA). The objective of this thesis is to develop a model that is able to provide useful information to technicians by generating a list of probable root causes in order to shorten the amount of time spent on trouble shooting. A performance comparison is presented in Section Experimental results with Bayesian models such as Naive Bayes (NB),Tree Augmented naive Bayes (TAN) and Hill Climbing (HC) and the non Bayesian methods K-Nearest Neighbors and Random Forest. The results of the RCA models indicated that the most frequent most prob-able cause of degradation of quality is the signal strength of the user’s Wi-Fi that is reported at the user’s TV box.I detta examensarbete presenteras en metod för att lokalisera grundorsaken till nedgradering av kvalitet i en IPTV strömningstjänst. Denna uppgift refererar tillgrundorsaksanalys. Avsikten med denna tes är att utveckla en modell som kan tillförse tekniker med användarbar information genom att generera en lista med möjliga grundorsaker för att förkorta tiden som spenderas med felsökning. En prestandajämförelse är presenterad i Sektion Experimental results med de Bayesianska modellerna Naive Bayes (NB), Tree Augmented naive Bayes (TAN) och Hill Climbing (HC) samt de icke Bayesianska modellerna K-Nearest Neighbors och Random Forest. Resultatet av grundorsaksmodellerna indikerade att den mest frekventa mest sannolika grundorsaken till nedgradering av kvalitet är signal styrkan hos Wi-Fi nätverket vilket rapporteras i användarens TV-box.
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Gustafsson, Andreas, und Kenny Svensson. „A WCF service implementation of a statistics logger prototype“. Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Fakulteten för hälsa, natur- och teknikvetenskap (from 2013), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-36316.
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This thesis project is about collecting usage statistics in an application, how the information can be logged and presented in a suitable way and to what purpose these statistics are used. The project is a logging service to which applications can connect and send performance and usage data. The service logs the data to a file, which can be opened in QlikView for presentation of data statistics. The resulting statistics are planned to be used for the evaluation and improvement of the client application and improvement on the end users way of working with that application. The service was implemented as a WCF service in C# and uses the logging capabilities of the Enterprise Library Logging Application Block. A WCF service is a service capable of having a variety of different applications connected to it, using different communication protocols. The result of our project is a working service prototype which logs data to file. Data generated by a test client is successfully logged by our service and its statistics is displayed in an application named QlikView.
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Hager, Creighton Tsuan-Ren. „Statistical Analysis of ATM Call Detail Records“. Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/30937.
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Network management is a problem that faces designers and operators of any type of network. Conventional methods of capacity planning or configuration management are difficult to apply directly to networks that dynamically allocate resources, such as Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) networks and emerging Internet Protocol (IP) networks employing Differentiated Services (DiffServ). This work shows a method to generically classify traffic in an ATM network such that capacity planning may be possible. These methods are generally applicable to other networks that support dynamically allocated resources.
In this research, Call Detail Records (CDRs) captured from a ¡§live¡¨ ATM network were successfully classified into three traffic categories. The traffic categories correspond to three different video speeds (1152 kbps, 768 kbps, and 384 kbps) in the network. Further statistical analysis was used to characterize these traffic categories and found them to fit deterministic distributions. The statistical analysis methods were also applied to several different network planning and management functions. Three specific potential applications related to network management were examined: capacity planning, traffic modeling, and configuration management.Master of Science
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Erhardt, Erik Barry. „Bayesian Simultaneous Intervals for Small Areas: An Application to Mapping Mortality Rates in U.S. Health Service Areas“. Link to electronic thesis, 2004. http://www.wpi.edu/Pubs/ETD/Available/etd-0105104-195633/.
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Thesis (M.S.) -- Worcester Polytechnic Institute.Keywords: Poisson-Gamma Regression; MCMC; Bayesian; Small Area Estimation; Simultaneous Inference; Statistics Includes bibliographical references (p. 61-67).
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Sailer, Martin. „Konzeption einer Service-MIB“. Diss., lmu, 2007. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-78314.
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Millns, Helen. „The application of statistical methods to the analysis of diet and coronary heart disease in Scotland“. Thesis, University of Reading, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.262102.
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Hosseini, Mostafa. „Construction of height and weight growth charts for Iran, with an investigation of appropriate statistical methods“. Thesis, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (University of London), 1997. http://researchonline.lshtm.ac.uk/682246/.
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Data on weights and heights of children 2-18 years old in Iran were obtained in a National Health Survey of families in 1990-2, with a sampling ratio of 1 in 1000. In total 10660 households were surveyed in random cluster samples of households in all 24 provinces of Iran. The data are hierarchically structured with children in families, families in clusters and clusters in provinces. The main aim of the thesis is to use the survey data on height and weight to model growth pattern of children and adolescents in Iran and the construction of growth charts for height and weight. After removing the outliers in the data by multivariate analysis, regional variation in growth patterns were studied by constructing multilevel models. The results of these analyses showed that the data from Urban Tehran can be used as a reasonable baseline for the country, and further investigations of distributions of different centiles confirmed this. Three recently developed techniques of chart construction were compared with a chart constructed from a multilevel model to see which method produces centiles which fit the data best. the data structure has little effect on estimates of population centiles. The HRY method using spline procedure is shown to produce the best fit, and this technique has been used to construct the growth charts of weight and height for Iranian boys and girls. Checks confirm that all these curves fit the data well. However, growth of rural children differs significantly from that of children in urban Iran; a practical solution enabling one set of charts to be used for both groups of children is proposed. In view of the difference between the Tehran charts and the NCHS reference centiles, it is concluded that charts presented here should be adopted as the new reference curves for children in Iran.
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Van, Luinen Steven M. „Lossless statistical data service over Asynchronous Transfer Mode“. Curtin University of Technology, Australian Telecommunications Research Institute, 1999. http://espace.library.curtin.edu.au:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=9898.
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Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) can provide deterministic channels as required for real time signals, as well as statistical multiplexing. For this reason, ATM has been chosen as the underlying technology for providing a Broadband Integrated Services Digital Network (B-ISDN). Two main classes of services are expected to be supported over a B-ISDN. These classes are real-time services and data services. Data services include computer communications (Local Area Network (LAN) interconnections) and general non-real time traffic, such as file transfer and small transactions.The provision of data services over ATM are better served with statistical multiplexing, provided that the service is loss-free. For multiplexing to be loss-free and still statistical, while the maximum service rate is fixed, the multiplexer tributaries must be controlled in flow, to assure no overflow of the multiplexing buffer. Provision of a service over ATM is accomplished by an ATM layer. Transfer Capability (ATC).This thesis investigates and reports on the operating characteristics of an ATM layer Transfer Capability proposed to the International Telecommunications Union (ITU), and called Controlled Cell Transfer (CCT). CCT uses credit window based flow control on links and a quota based control in switches, and will give loss free statistical multiplexing for data. Other ITU defined ATCs are examined in regard to data service provision and compared with CCT. It is found that only CCT can provide a fast and at the same time efficient data service.The thesis also examines the impact that support of the CCT capability would have on an ATM switch, through determination of required functionality, and mapping of the required functions into a switch design. Finally, an architecture and implementation of an ATM switch is described that would support the CCT as well as the Deterministic Bit Rate (DBR) ++transfer capability, and would provide efficient data and real-time services.
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Muppala, Sireesha. „Multi-tier Internet service management| Statistical learning approaches“. Thesis, University of Colorado at Colorado Springs, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3560749.
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Modern Internet services are multi-tiered and are typically hosted in virtualized shared platforms. While facilitating flexible service deployment, multi-tier architecture introduces significant challenges for Quality of Service (QoS) provisioning in hosted Internet services. Complex inter-tier dependencies and dynamic bottleneck tier shift are challenges inherent to tiered architectures. Hard-to-predict and bursty session-based Internet workloads further magnify this complexity. Virtualization of shared platforms adds yet another layer of complication in managing the hosted multi-tier Internet services.
We consider three critical aspects of Internet service management for improved performance and quality of service provisioning : admission control, dynamic resource provisioning and service differentiation. This thesis concentrates on statistical learning based approaches for multi-tier Internet service management to achieve efficient, balanced and scalable services. Statistical learning techniques are capable of solving complex dynamic problems through learning and adaptation with no priori domain-specific knowledge. We explore the effectiveness of supervised and unsupervised learning in managing multi-tier Internet services.
First, we develop a session based admission control strategy to improve session throughput of multi- tier Internet services. Using a supervised bayesian network, it achieves coordination among multiple tiers resulting in a balanced service. Second, we promote session-slowdown, a novel session-oriented metric for user perceived performance. We develop a regression based dynamic resource provisioning strategy, which utilizes a combination of offline training and online monitoring, for session slowdown guarantees in multi-tier systems. Third, we develop a reinforcement learning based coordinated combination of admission control and adaptive resource management for multi-tier Internet service differentiation and performance improvement in a shared virtualized platform. It addresses limitations of supervised learning by integrating model-independence of reinforcement learning and self-learning of neural networks for system scalability and agility. Finally, we develop an user interface based Monitoring and Management Console, intended for an administrator to monitor and fine tune the performance of hosted multi-tier Internet services.
We evaluate the developed management approaches using an e-commerce simulator and an implementation testbed on a virtualized blade server system hosting multi-tier RUBiS benchmark applications. Results demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of statistical learning approaches for QoS provisioning and performance improvement in virtualized multi-tier Internet services.
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van, Luinen Steven M. „Lossless statistical data service over Asynchronous Transfer Mode“. Thesis, Curtin University, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/1608.
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Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) can provide deterministic channels as required for real time signals, as well as statistical multiplexing. For this reason, ATM has been chosen as the underlying technology for providing a Broadband Integrated Services Digital Network (B-ISDN). Two main classes of services are expected to be supported over a B-ISDN. These classes are real-time services and data services. Data services include computer communications (Local Area Network (LAN) interconnections) and general non-real time traffic, such as file transfer and small transactions.The provision of data services over ATM are better served with statistical multiplexing, provided that the service is loss-free. For multiplexing to be loss-free and still statistical, while the maximum service rate is fixed, the multiplexer tributaries must be controlled in flow, to assure no overflow of the multiplexing buffer. Provision of a service over ATM is accomplished by an ATM layer. Transfer Capability (ATC).This thesis investigates and reports on the operating characteristics of an ATM layer Transfer Capability proposed to the International Telecommunications Union (ITU), and called Controlled Cell Transfer (CCT). CCT uses credit window based flow control on links and a quota based control in switches, and will give loss free statistical multiplexing for data. Other ITU defined ATCs are examined in regard to data service provision and compared with CCT. It is found that only CCT can provide a fast and at the same time efficient data service.The thesis also examines the impact that support of the CCT capability would have on an ATM switch, through determination of required functionality, and mapping of the required functions into a switch design. Finally, an architecture and implementation of an ATM switch is described that would support the CCT as well as the Deterministic Bit Rate (DBR) transfer capability, and would provide efficient data and real-time services.
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Schaaf, Thomas. „IT-gestütztes Service-Level-Management“. Diss., lmu, 2008. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-95346.
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Chen, Tom. „Maintenance policies under warranty period : from a statistical point of view /“. Digital version accessible at:, 1998. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.
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Govan, Lindsay J. W. „Optimising service organisation for stroke patients“. Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2009. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/796/.
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Background Stroke is the leading cause of long-term neurological disability in adults and the third most common cause of death in Britain. It is well known that in addition to the patient characteristics of age and severity, the treatment a stroke patient receives in hospital signifcantly affects outcome. The effectiveness of complex service interventions, how the benefits of these interventions are achieved and the economic impact of different types of service delivery were explored. Methods The Stroke Unit Trialists' Collaboration systematic review was updated and currently contains 31 clinical trials (6936 subjects). The aims were explored using various basic frequentist and Bayesian meta-analysis techniques as well as more complex meta-analysis ideas. These more complex ideas include: meta-regression where covariate information is incorporated into the model; and network meta-analysis where direct and indirect information is used in a mixed treatment comparisons model while also incorporating covariate information. Results Organised inpatient (stroke unit) care showed reductions in death, death or dependency and death or institutional care compared to general medical wards. Stroke unit care appears to reduce the risk of adverse outcomes through prevention and treatment of complications. Acute, comprehensive and rehabilitation stroke unit care appeared to be most effective and acute stroke unit care appeared to be the most cost-effective. However, acute followed by rehabilitation stroke unit care, if required, appears to be the most cost-effective pathway of care compared to the other pathways analysed. Discussion Future research should focus on rehabilitation, acute and comprehensive systems of inpatient care, and explore the best ways of preventing and managing specific complications. Effort should be made to make individual patient data and information on the care pathway of a stroke patient available for meta-analysis.
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Rubinsson, Emma. „SSR= ökad säkerhet? : Fallstudie Kosovo“. Thesis, Växjö University, School of Social Sciences, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:vxu:diva-1914.
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The security sector of a state is supposed to deliver a secure environment for its citizens. Security Sector Reform (SSR) are reforms aiming to develop the security sector of a state in order to guarantee human security. In Kosovo SSR is in operation to create a more secure society with greater civil control.
The aim of this essay is to examine how Kosovos’ security sector is organized year 2007 and how its development should progress in order to facilitate security and civilian control of the security sector, with focus on three central actors: the Kosovo Police Service (KPS), the Kosovo Protection Corps (KPC) and the security service. The theoretical framework used, with a descriptive purpose, pinpoints Human security, Post- conflict reconstruction, Intrastate Security Dilemma, SSR and Implementation theory for networks as important elements for the study and understanding of SSR.
The main findings are that a holistic approach is needed when addressing SSR and that all further SSR in Kosovo are dependent of the future status of Kosovo and a good economic development. Currently, one of the main problems facing the security sector in Kosovo is the lack of civil oversight.
Key words: Security Sector Reform (SSR), human security, Kosovo, Kosovo Police Service (KPS), Kosovo Protection Corps (KPS), security service.
Nyckelord: Säkerhetssektorreformer (SSR), mänsklig säkerhet, Kosovo, Kosovo Police Service (KPS), Kosovo Protection Corps (KPS), säkerhetstjänst.
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Jiang, Zuoying. „Predicting Service Metrics from Device Statistics in a Container-Based Environment“. Thesis, KTH, Kommunikationsnät, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-175889.
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Service assurance is critical for high-demand services running on telecom clouds. While service performance metrics may not always be available in real time to telecom operators or service providers, service performance prediction becomes an important building block for such a system. However, it is generally hard to achieve. In this master thesis, we propose a machine-learning based method that enables performance prediction for services running in virtualized environments with Docker containers. This method is service agnostic and the prediction models built by this method use only device statistics collected from the server machine and from the containers hosted on it to predict the values of the service-level metrics experienced on the client side. The evaluation results from the testbed, which runs a Video-on-Demand service using containerized servers, show that such a method can accurately predict different service-level metrics under various scenarios and, by applying suitable preprocessing techniques, the performance of the prediction models can be further improved. In this thesis, we also show the design of a proof-of-concept of a Real-Time Analytics Engine that uses online learning methods to predict the service-level metrics in real time in a container-based environment.
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Tsai, Pai-fang. „The joint determination of efficiencies in DEA : returns to scale and an application to the UK National Health Services Trusts“. Thesis, University of Southampton, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.285778.
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Souza, Izabel Oliva Marcilio de. „Previsão do volume diário de atendimentos no serviço de pronto socorro de um hospital geral: comparação de diferentes métodos“. Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5137/tde-03102013-121222/.
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OBJETIVOS: O estudo explorou diferentes métodos de séries temporais visando desenvolver um modelo para a previsão do volume diário de pacientes no Pronto Socorro do Instituto Central do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da USP. MÉTODOS: Foram explorados seis diferentes modelos para previsão do número diário de pacientes no pronto socorro de acordo com algumas variáveis relacionadas ao calendário e à temperatura média diária. Para a construção dos modelos, utilizou-se a contagem diária de pacientes atendidos no pronto socorro entre 1° de janeiro de 2008 a 31 de dezembro de 2010. Os primeiros 33 meses do banco de dados foram utilizados para o desenvolvimento e ajuste dos modelos, e os últimos três meses foram utilizados para comparação dos resultados obtidos em termos da acurácia de previsão. A acurácia foi medida a partir do erro médio percentual absoluto. Os modelos foram desenvolvidos utilizando-se três diferentes métodos: modelos lineares generalizados, equações de estimação generalizadas e modelos sazonais autorregressivos integrados de média móvel (SARIMA). Para cada método, foram testados modelos que incluíram termos para controlar o efeito da temperatura média diária e modelos que não incluíram esse controle. RESULTADOS: Foram atendidos, em média, 389 pacientes diariamente no pronto socorro, número que variou entre 166 e 613. Observou-se uma sazonalidade semanal marcante na distribuição do volume de pacientes ao longo do tempo, com maior número de pacientes às segundas feiras e tendência linear decrescente ao longo da semana. Não foi observada variação significante no volume de pacientes de acordo com os meses do ano. Os modelos lineares generalizados e equações de estimação generalizada resultaram em melhor acurácia de previsão que os modelos SARIMA. No primeiro horizonte de previsão (outubro), por exemplo, os erros médios percentuais absolutos dos modelos lineares generalizados e de equação de estimação generalizada foram ambos 11,5% e 10,8% (modelos que incluíram e que não incluíram termo para controlar o efeito da temperatura, respectivamente), enquanto os erros médios percentuais absolutos para os modelos SARIMA foram 12,8% e 11,7% (modelos que incluíram e que não incluíram termo para controlar o efeito da temperatura, respectivamente). Para todos os modelos, incluir termos para controlar o efeito da temperatura média diária não resultou em melhor acurácia de previsão. A previsão a curto prazo (7 dias) em geral resultou em maior acurácia do que a previsão a longo prazo (30 dias). CONCLUSÕES: Este estudo indica que métodos de séries temporais podem ser aplicados na rotina do serviço de pronto socorro para a previsão do provável volume diário de pacientes no serviço. A previsão realizada para o curto prazo tem boa acurácia e pode ser incorporada à rotina do serviço, de modo a subsidiar seu planejamento e colaborar com a adequação de recursos materiais e humanos. Os modelos de previsão baseados unicamente em variáveis relacionadas ao calendário foram capazes de prever a variação no volume diário de pacientes, e os métodos aqui aplicados podem ser automatizados para gerar informações com antecedência suficiente para decisões de planejamento do serviço de pronto socorroOBJECTIVES: This study aims to develop different models to forecast the daily number of patients seeking emergency department (ED) care in a general hospital according to calendar variables and ambient temperature readings and to compare the models in terms of forecasting accuracy. METHODS: We developed and tested six different models of ED patient visits using total daily counts of patient visits to the Instituto Central do Hospital das Clínicas Emergency Department from January 1, 2008 to December 31, 2010. We used the first 33 months of the dataset to develop the ED patient visits forecasting models (the training set), leaving the last 3 months to measure each model\'s forecasting accuracy by the mean absolute percentage error. Forecasting models were developed using 3 different time series analysis methods: generalized linear models, generalized estimating equations and seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average (SARIMA). For each method, we explored models with and without the effect of mean daily temperature as a predictive variable. RESULTS: Daily mean number of ED visits was 389, ranging from 166 to 613. Data showed a weekly seasonal distribution, with highest patient volumes on Mondays and lowest patient volumes on weekends. There was little variation in daily visits by month. Generalized linear models and generalized estimating equation models showed better forecasting accuracy than SARIMA models. For instance, the mean absolute percentage errors from generalized linear models and generalized estimating equations models at the first month of forecasting (October, 2012), were 11.5% and 10.8% (models with and without control for the temperature effect, respectively), while the mean absolute percentage errors from SARIMA models were 12.8% and 11.7% (models with and without control for the temperature effect, respectively). For all models, controlling for the effect of temperature resulted in worse or similar forecasting ability than models with calendar variables alone, and forecasting accuracy was better for the short term horizon (7 days in advance) than for the longer term (30 days in advance). CONCLUSIONS: Our study indicates that time series models can be developed to provide forecasts of daily ED patient visits, and forecasting ability was dependent on the type of model employed and the length of the time-horizon being predicted. In our setting, generalized linear models and generalized estimating equation models showed better accuracy, and including information about ambient temperature in the models did not improve forecasting accuracy. Forecasting models based on calendar variables alone did in general detect patterns of daily variability in ED volume, and thus could be used for developing an automated system for better planning of personnel resources
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Edwards, Jason Scott. „Forecasting grid capacity service prices for procurement and risk management in integra ted forward markets“. Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1527482.
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Electric utilities are responsible for meeting customer demand in a safe and cost effective manner. Utilities produce or procure energy from generating resources to meet this demand in various intervals, from hour-ahead to twenty years or more into the future. The vast majority of the power thus procured is on a forecast basis.
Power supply and customer demand must always be perfectly balanced; otherwise damage will occur to generating units and/or the electric grid. Since forecasts of customer demand can never be perfect, there must exist sufficient generator flexibility to compensate for instantaneous fluctuations in supply or demand.
Grid capacity services provide this flexibility. Sufficiently agile generating units help ensure grid reliability by continuously matching supply and demand. Consequently, power plants capable of such flexibility have incremental value to ratepayers and grid operators. This value is realized through market awards of grid capacity services at the prevailing grid capacity service price. In this project, we use multiple regression analyses to forecast grid capacity service prices. These forecasts establish, in part, the value of generating facilities that ABC electric utility may wish to procure on behalf of its customers. Capturing the incremental value of grid capacity service helps the utility to make prudent financial decisions which affect the electric rates paid by their customers.
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Mayer, Philip. „MDD4SOA: Model-Driven Development for Service-Oriented Architectures“. Diss., lmu, 2010. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-124405.
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Harissis, K. „Staff turnover and wastage in the personal social services : A statistical approach“. Thesis, University of Kent, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.372767.
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Park, Sun-Young. „Child Care Services: Two Statistical/Econometric Approaches to Household Choice and Demand /“. The Ohio State University, 1995. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487931512617121.
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Motahari, Nezhad Hamid Reza Computer Science & Engineering Faculty of Engineering UNSW. „Discovery and adaptation of process views“. Publisher:University of New South Wales. Computer Science & Engineering, 2008. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/41026.
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Business process analysis and integration are key endeavours for today's enterprises. Recently, Web services have been widely adopted for the implementation and integration of business processes within and across enterprises. In this dissertation, we investigate the problem of enabling the analysis of service interactions, in today's enterprises, in the context of business process executions, and that of service integration. Our study shows that only fraction of interactions in the enterprise are supported by process-aware systems. However, enabling above-mentioned analyses requires: (i) a model of the underlying business process to be used as a reference for the analysis, and (ii) the ability to correlate events generated during service interactions into process instances. We refer to a process model and the corresponding process instances as a "process view". We propose the concept of process space to refer to all process related information sources in the enterprise, over which various process views are defined. We propose the design and development of a system called "process space discovery system" (PSDS) for discovering process views in a process space. We introduce novel approaches for the correlation of events into process instances, focusing on the public processes of Web services (business protocols), and also for the discovery of the business protocol models from the process instances of a process view. Analysis of service integration approaches shows that while standardisation in Web services simplifies the integration in the communication level, at the higher levels of abstractions (e.g., services interfaces and protocol models) services are still open to heterogeneities. We characterise the mismatches between service interfaces and protocol specifications and introduce "mismatch patterns" to represent them. A mismatch pattern also includes an adapter template that aims at the resolution of the captured mismatch. We also propose semi-automated approaches for identifying the mismatches between interface and protocol specifications of two services. The proposed approaches have been implemented in prototype tools, and experimentally validated on synthetic and real-world datasets. The discovered process views, using PSDS, can be used to perform various analyses in an enterprise, and the proposed adaptation approach facilitates the adoption of Web services in business process integration.
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Crous, Mareli. „Service delivery in the South African public service : implementation of the Batho Pele principles by Statistics South Africa“. Diss., University of Pretoria, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/23785.
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Kaambwa, Billingsley Chimuka. „Statistical issues in service evaluation – a case of intermediate care“. Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2009. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/527/.
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The objective of this thesis was to identify statistical issues that are commonly associated with evaluations of services for older people with a view to establishing the most appropriate methods of addressing them. This goal was achieved in two stages. In the first stage, a comprehensive literature review of studies that have reported such evaluations on populations of older people in the UK was conducted. The second stage involved demonstrating approaches for dealing with these issues on a dataset drawn from largest evaluation of intermediate care done and published in the UK to date. The approaches were adapted from the studies reported in the literature review and where appropriate, from other sources. This thesis identified a number of statistical issues including those associated with distributional characteristics of variables, missing data and the need to predict utility outcome measures from non-utility ones. Robust approaches of dealing with these problems were demonstrated. The results obtained underlined the importance of avoiding erroneous results and conclusions by applying methods with a sound theoretical background.
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Schmitz, David. „Automated Service-Oriented Impact Analysis and Recovery Alternative Selection“. Diss., kostenfrei, 2008. http://edoc.ub.uni-muenchen.de/8999/.
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Hanemann, Andreas. „Automated IT Service Fault Diagnosis Based on Event Correlation Techniques“. Diss., lmu, 2007. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-74716.
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Hamm, Matthias. „Eine Methode zur Spezifikation der IT-Service-Managementprozesse Verketteter Dienste“. Diss., lmu, 2009. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-102642.
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Liu, Feng. „Supporting IT Service Fault Recovery with an Automated Planning Method“. Diss., lmu, 2011. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-132132.
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Carvalho, Arthur Alves Borges de. „Estudo sobre os registros do serviço de verificação de óbitos no sistema de informação de mortalidade para o estado do Tocantins, 2010-2012“. Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/17/17143/tde-06062017-155652/.
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O Serviço de Verificação de Óbitos (SVO) foi criado para elucidar causas de óbitos naturais mal definidas por meio de exames necroscópicos e registrar informações mais completas sobre as causas de morte no Sistema de Informação de Mortalidade (SIM). Desde a criação da rede nacional de SVO, poucos estudos avaliaram a qualidade dos registros de óbitos dos SVO no SIM. Foram estudados 19780 registros de óbitos não fetais de residentes no Estado do Tocantins entre os anos de 2012, 2011 e 2012, obtidos por download do site do DATASUS do Ministério da Saúde. Além de estabelecer o perfil social demográfico dos óbitos, foram estudadas a completude das informações, as cinco principais causas de morte e as causas básicas registradas pelo SVO e demais atestantes dentro do SIM. Óbitos do sexo masculino, cor parda, casados, sem escolaridade, hospitalares de aposentados e maiores de 75 anos predominaram. A incompletude de dados registrados no SIM para o Estado do Tocantins foi superior a 10% e não houve diferença estatística significativa entre a completude de dados registrados pelo SVO e pelos demais atestantes. As doenças do aparelho circulatório foram as principais causas de morte registradas pelos atestantes, exceto pelo IML, onde as causas externas predominaram. 15% dos registros de causas básicas externas não pertenciam ao IML e o SVO apresentou uma grande proporção de registros de causas básicas mal definidas. A qualificação das informações sobre mortalidade, imprescindível à elaboração de políticas públicas sanitárias, persiste desafiadora no Estado do Tocantins. A criação de uma cultura da informação epidemiológica passa pela inserção curricular, educação e sensibilização médica continuada.The Death Verification Service (SVO) was created to elucidate causes of natural deaths poorly defined by postmortem examinations and record more complete information on the causes of death in the Mortality Information System (SIM). Since the establishment of the national network of SVO, few studies have evaluated the quality of death records of SVO SIM. We studied 19780 no fetal death records of residents in the State of Tocantins between the years 2012, 2011 and 2012, downloaded the DATASUS website of the Ministry of Health. In addition to establishing the demographic social profile of the deaths were studied completeness information, the five leading causes of death and root causes recorded by the SVO and other informers within the SIM. Deaths male, mulatto, married, uneducated, retired hospital and over 75 years predominated. The incompleteness of data in SIM for the State of Tocantins was higher than 10% and there was no statistically significant difference between the completeness of data recorded by the SVO and the other informers. The circulatory diseases were the main causes of death recorded by informers except for IML, where external causes predominated. 15% of the records of external root causes did not belong to the IML and the SVO had a large proportion of ill-defined basic causes records. The qualification of information on mortality, essential to the development of health policies, remains defiant in the State of Tocantins. Creating a culture of epidemiological information passes through curriculum integration, education and continuing medical awareness.
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Erjongmanee, Supaporn. „Study of network-service disruptions using heterogeneous data and statistical learning“. Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/43601.
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The study of network-service disruptions caused by large-scale disturbances has mainly focused on assessing network damage; however, network-disruption responses, i.e., how the disruptions occur depending on social organizations, weather, and power resources, have been studied little. The goal of this research is to study the responses of network-service disruptions caused by large-scale disturbances with respect to (1) temporal and logical network, and (2) external factors such as weather and power resources, using real and publicly available heterogeneous data that are composed of network measurements, user inputs, organizations, geographic locations, weather, and power outage reports. Network-service disruptions at the subnet level caused by Hurricanes Katrina in 2005 and Ike in 2008 are used as the case studies. The analysis of network-disruption responses with respect to temporal and logical network shows that subnets became unreachable dependently within organization, cross organization, and cross autonomous system. Thus, temporal dependence also illustrates the characteristics of logical dependence. In addition, subnet unreachability is analyzed with respect to the external factors. It is found that subnet unreachability and the storm are weakly correlated. The weak correlation motivates us to search for root causes and discover that the majority of subnet unreachability reportedly occurred because of power outages or lack of power generators. Using the power outage data, it is found that subnet unreachability and power outages are strongly correlated.
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Danciu, Vitalian. „Application of policy-based techniques to process-oriented IT Service Management“. Diss., lmu, 2007. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-78161.
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Wordofa, Muluken Gezahegn. „Agricultural Advisory Services in Eastern Ethiopia: Access, Impact, and Willingness to Pay“. Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trento, 2015. https://hdl.handle.net/11572/368645.
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In developing countries, public agricultural advisory services (AASs) have been one of the key components of local development in terms of enhancing production and productivity, achieving food security, contributing to poverty reduction, and improving livelihoods in the face of economic, social, and environmental challenges. However, the benefit that farmers obtain out of participating in AASs and the resulting impact depend, to a great extent, by the (intensity of) farmers’ direct and indirect access to these services. The issue of intensity of farmers’ involvement in AASs is also especially important considering the various stages involved in farming – land preparation to post-harvest management. In this regard, the extent of farmers’ participation in such services and the determinants of their intensity of participation are not very well documented in the context of many developing countries. On the other hand, recent studies have shown that the impact of AASs is mixed and that some empirical investigations lack methodological rigor. Furthermore, there is a dearth of context-specific empirical evidence on the impact of new approaches to AAS provision. One such approach is the Farmers’ Training Centers (FTCs) implemented by the government of Ethiopia to improve smallholder farming systems. Although public AASs have been hailed to be a key constituent of agricultural development and poverty reduction strategies in many developing countries, due to declining public budget allocation, alternative ways of providing AASs have been sought and implemented. One way of diversifying AASs is through a fee-for-service arrangement, which proved useful in many developed countries. In the context of developing countries, however, the potential for payment for AASs has yet to be explored in full. This is especially relevant considering the current economic crisis, large number of farmers relying on agriculture for their livelihoods, inefficiencies of public AASs, and specialized needs of market-oriented producers. In order to address these issues that relate to intensity of farmers’ access to on-farm AASs, impact of FTC-based AASs on outcome indicators, as well as willingness to pay for improved FTC-based AASs, this study is carried out in Haramaya district of eastern Ethiopia. More specifically, a field-based household survey was conducted from May to October 2013 on a total sample of 340 farm households. In relation to the first objective of the investigation, i.e., analyzing the predictors of farmers’ intensity of participation in on-farm training and demonstration, due to the nature of the outcome variables (i.e., count outcome data) both the Poisson regression and the negative binomial regression models are employed on data collected from the full sample. The findings of the investigation indicate that a host of factors – relating to human capital, financial capital, physical capital, social capital, and access to infrastructure and services – influence the farmers’ differential involvement in these services. With regard to the impact evaluation, the study made reference to a sub-sample within the full sample (i.e., 90 households trained at FTCs in 2009 and 160 control respondents selected for this purpose). Using the same data collection instrument in both treatment and comparison areas, data were generated specifically for the purposes of impact evaluation. Due to the non-random allocation of FTCs and self-selection issues as well as the cross-sectional nature of data collected, the propensity score matching (PSM) procedure was employed to estimate the causal effect of an FTC-based modular training on farm income. The results of the analysis show a positive and statistically highly significant gain of farm income (excluding chat) by the participants of the modular training, which is between Birr 9,557.47 and Birr 10,387.53 per household, on average.
Lastly, in order to analyze whether a payment for improved AAS scheme is a possible way towards diversifying the institutional options for providing AASs, a choice experiment was conducted to estimate the farmers’ willingness to pay (WTP) for services describing improved FTC-based provision of AASs. By using the best-worst approach to elicit preference data from 120 households selected from treatment areas, applying the solemn oath procedure to mitigate hypothetical bias, and estimating the random parameters logit (RPL) model, the WTP estimates are derived for advice, training, and demonstration provided by the FTCs. In doing so, the study shows that the largest WTP values are associated with demonstration, followed by training. A small premium price is also associated with advice in the group that is not exposed to the solemn oath (i.e., the control treatment). Moreover, it is found that signing on a solemn oath form reduces the mean WTP values compared to not signing (but agreeing to tell the truth) and the control treatment.
This dissertation consists of three essays: Essay 1 “Predictors of Smallholder Farmers’ Intensity of Participation in On-farm Agricultural Advisory Service Provision in Haramaya District, Eastern Ethiopia†; Essay 2 “Improving Smallholder Farmers’ Income through Farmers’ Training Centers: an Impact Evaluation in Haramaya District, Eastern Ethiopia†; and, Essay 3 “Smallholder Farmers’ Willingness to Pay for Agricultural Advisory Services: Investigating the Effect of Solemn Oath in Mitigating Hypothetical Bias in Best-Worst Choice Experiments in Haramaya District, Eastern Ethiopia†. Each of the three essays begins with an introductory section where the background to the problem and gaps in previous empirical investigations are discussed. In Essays I & III, there is also an additional discussion on this under the section ‘literature review’. The ‘research methodology’ section in each essay presents a detailed account of the sampling procedure, survey design and methods, as well as empirical strategy and estimation. Immediately following this is the result and discussion section where the main findings of the study are presented and discussed. Finally, the conclusion and recommendation section provides some policy implications of the studies.
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Wordofa, Muluken Gezahegn. „Agricultural Advisory Services in Eastern Ethiopia: Access, Impact, and Willingness to Pay“. Doctoral thesis, University of Trento, 2015. http://eprints-phd.biblio.unitn.it/1494/1/PhD_Dissertation_(Muluken_Gezahegn_Wordofa)_22_Jan_2015.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
In developing countries, public agricultural advisory services (AASs) have been one of the key components of local development in terms of enhancing production and productivity, achieving food security, contributing to poverty reduction, and improving livelihoods in the face of economic, social, and environmental challenges. However, the benefit that farmers obtain out of participating in AASs and the resulting impact depend, to a great extent, by the (intensity of) farmers’ direct and indirect access to these services. The issue of intensity of farmers’ involvement in AASs is also especially important considering the various stages involved in farming – land preparation to post-harvest management. In this regard, the extent of farmers’ participation in such services and the determinants of their intensity of participation are not very well documented in the context of many developing countries. On the other hand, recent studies have shown that the impact of AASs is mixed and that some empirical investigations lack methodological rigor. Furthermore, there is a dearth of context-specific empirical evidence on the impact of new approaches to AAS provision. One such approach is the Farmers’ Training Centers (FTCs) implemented by the government of Ethiopia to improve smallholder farming systems. Although public AASs have been hailed to be a key constituent of agricultural development and poverty reduction strategies in many developing countries, due to declining public budget allocation, alternative ways of providing AASs have been sought and implemented. One way of diversifying AASs is through a fee-for-service arrangement, which proved useful in many developed countries. In the context of developing countries, however, the potential for payment for AASs has yet to be explored in full. This is especially relevant considering the current economic crisis, large number of farmers relying on agriculture for their livelihoods, inefficiencies of public AASs, and specialized needs of market-oriented producers. In order to address these issues that relate to intensity of farmers’ access to on-farm AASs, impact of FTC-based AASs on outcome indicators, as well as willingness to pay for improved FTC-based AASs, this study is carried out in Haramaya district of eastern Ethiopia. More specifically, a field-based household survey was conducted from May to October 2013 on a total sample of 340 farm households. In relation to the first objective of the investigation, i.e., analyzing the predictors of farmers’ intensity of participation in on-farm training and demonstration, due to the nature of the outcome variables (i.e., count outcome data) both the Poisson regression and the negative binomial regression models are employed on data collected from the full sample. The findings of the investigation indicate that a host of factors – relating to human capital, financial capital, physical capital, social capital, and access to infrastructure and services – influence the farmers’ differential involvement in these services. With regard to the impact evaluation, the study made reference to a sub-sample within the full sample (i.e., 90 households trained at FTCs in 2009 and 160 control respondents selected for this purpose). Using the same data collection instrument in both treatment and comparison areas, data were generated specifically for the purposes of impact evaluation. Due to the non-random allocation of FTCs and self-selection issues as well as the cross-sectional nature of data collected, the propensity score matching (PSM) procedure was employed to estimate the causal effect of an FTC-based modular training on farm income. The results of the analysis show a positive and statistically highly significant gain of farm income (excluding chat) by the participants of the modular training, which is between Birr 9,557.47 and Birr 10,387.53 per household, on average.
Lastly, in order to analyze whether a payment for improved AAS scheme is a possible way towards diversifying the institutional options for providing AASs, a choice experiment was conducted to estimate the farmers’ willingness to pay (WTP) for services describing improved FTC-based provision of AASs. By using the best-worst approach to elicit preference data from 120 households selected from treatment areas, applying the solemn oath procedure to mitigate hypothetical bias, and estimating the random parameters logit (RPL) model, the WTP estimates are derived for advice, training, and demonstration provided by the FTCs. In doing so, the study shows that the largest WTP values are associated with demonstration, followed by training. A small premium price is also associated with advice in the group that is not exposed to the solemn oath (i.e., the control treatment). Moreover, it is found that signing on a solemn oath form reduces the mean WTP values compared to not signing (but agreeing to tell the truth) and the control treatment.
This dissertation consists of three essays: Essay 1 “Predictors of Smallholder Farmers’ Intensity of Participation in On-farm Agricultural Advisory Service Provision in Haramaya District, Eastern Ethiopia”; Essay 2 “Improving Smallholder Farmers’ Income through Farmers’ Training Centers: an Impact Evaluation in Haramaya District, Eastern Ethiopia”; and, Essay 3 “Smallholder Farmers’ Willingness to Pay for Agricultural Advisory Services: Investigating the Effect of Solemn Oath in Mitigating Hypothetical Bias in Best-Worst Choice Experiments in Haramaya District, Eastern Ethiopia”. Each of the three essays begins with an introductory section where the background to the problem and gaps in previous empirical investigations are discussed. In Essays I & III, there is also an additional discussion on this under the section ‘literature review’. The ‘research methodology’ section in each essay presents a detailed account of the sampling procedure, survey design and methods, as well as empirical strategy and estimation. Immediately following this is the result and discussion section where the main findings of the study are presented and discussed. Finally, the conclusion and recommendation section provides some policy implications of the studies.
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Burkschat, Marco. „Estimation with generalized order statistics /“. Aachen : Mainz, 2006. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=016030518&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
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