Thematische Bibliographien / Speed and position regulation

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Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Speed and position regulation“

Autor: Grafiati

Veröffentlicht am 28. Juni 2021

Zuletzt aktualisiert am 1. Februar 2022

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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Speed and position regulation"

JIN, Bo. „Energy-regulation based variable speed hydraulic cylinder position control system“. Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 44, Nr. 01 (2008): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3901/jme.2008.01.025.

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Patil, Navendu S., Jonathan B. Dingwell und Joseph P. Cusumano. „Task-level regulation enhances global stability of the simplest dynamic walker“. Journal of The Royal Society Interface 17, Nr. 168 (Juli 2020): 20200278. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2020.0278.

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Much remains unknown about how considerations such as stability and energy minimization shape the way humans walk. While active neuromotor control keeps humans upright, they also need to choose from multiple stepping regulation strategies to achieve one or more task goals, such as maintaining a desired speed or direction. Experiments on human treadmill walking motivate an important question: why do humans prefer one task-level regulation strategy over another—perhaps to enhance their ability to reject large disturbances? Here, we study the relationship between task-level regulation and global stability in a powered compass walker on a treadmill, with added step-to-step speed and position regulators. For treadmill walking, we find that speed regulation greatly enlarges and regularizes the unregulated walker’s stability region, i.e. its basin of attraction, much more than position regulation. Thus, our results suggest a possible explanation for the experimental finding that humans strongly prioritize regulating speed from one stride to the next, even as they walk economically on average. Furthermore, our work suggests a functional connection between task-level motor regulation and global stability—and, thus, perhaps even fall risk.

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Fan, Na, Zhi Quan Deng, Xiao Yuan Chen, Yu Yang Mao und Pei Lin Xu. „Speed Closed-Loop Control for Switched Reluctance Motor with Segmental Rotors Based on Angle Position Regulation“. Advanced Materials Research 433-440 (Januar 2012): 6789–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.433-440.6789.

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This paper describes the structure and the magnetic circuit of switched reluctance motor with segmental rotors (SSRM), and presents the control strategy of speed closed-loop by regulating the turn-on angle of the main switches in the power converter based on PI algorithm. The turn-off angle is optimized according to different speeds of the motor. The deviation of the rotor speed is the input control parameter of PI controller, and the turn-on angle is the output control parameter. The strategy of current chopping control is used for comparing with angle position control when rotor speed is high. Both the simulation and experimental results show the well transient, steady performance and robustness of SSRM based on the angle position controller.

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Xu, Qingsong. „Robust Impedance Control of a Compliant Microgripper for High-Speed Position/Force Regulation“. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics 62, Nr. 2 (Februar 2015): 1201–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tie.2014.2352605.

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Zhao, Ji Yun, Hai Gang Ding und Liang Zhao. „Research on Electrohydraulic Servo Proportional Speed Regulation System for Anti-Explosion Hydraulic Hoisters“. Applied Mechanics and Materials 34-35 (Oktober 2010): 1205–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.34-35.1205.

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In terms of poor controllability of motor speed, the drum speed of the anti-explosion hydraulic hoister is fed back and controlled in closed loop. An electrohydraulic servoproportional speed regulation systems for anti-explosion hydraulic hoisters is proposed. Two control constructions are formed, the pump controlled motor system with/without position loop (PCMWP, PCMP, resp.) according to whether the displacement of pump is controlled in closed loop or not. Experiments of two control constructions are made under overflow load and weight load. Experimental results indicate that the presented system can simulate the process of anti-explosion hydraulic hoisters, and closed control loop could promote the control performance of hoister. Compared to the PCMP, the PCMWP is characterized by more stability with better speed follow and better robustness. At the same time, the cage instantaneous sliding at start-up and the pressure shock while braking are avoided effectively relying on the cooperation between the driving system and brake system, which ensure the security for hydraulic hoisters; the method of position correction by using travel switches at the end greatly enhances the precision of parking position.

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Lin, Yizhu, Gemma E. May, Hunter Kready, Lauren Nazzaro, Mao Mao, Pieter Spealman, Yehuda Creeger und C. Joel McManus. „Impacts of uORF codon identity and position on translation regulation“. Nucleic Acids Research 47, Nr. 17 (08.08.2019): 9358–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkz681.

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Abstract Translation regulation plays an important role in eukaryotic gene expression. Upstream open reading frames (uORFs) are potent regulatory elements located in 5′ mRNA transcript leaders. Translation of uORFs usually inhibit the translation of downstream main open reading frames, but some enhance expression. While a minority of uORFs encode conserved functional peptides, the coding regions of most uORFs are not conserved. Thus, the importance of uORF coding sequences on their regulatory functions remains largely unknown. We investigated the impact of an uORF coding region on gene regulation by assaying the functions of thousands of variants in the yeast YAP1 uORF. Varying uORF codons resulted in a wide range of functions, including repressing and enhancing expression of the downstream ORF. The presence of rare codons resulted in the most inhibitory YAP1 uORF variants. Inhibitory functions of such uORFs were abrogated by overexpression of complementary tRNA. Finally, regression analysis of our results indicated that both codon identity and position impact uORF function. Our results support a model in which a uORF coding sequence impacts its regulatory functions by altering the speed of uORF translation.

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Park, Gwangmin, Gyeongil Kim und Bon-Gwan Gu. „Sensorless PMSM Drive Inductance Estimation Based on a Data-Driven Approach“. Electronics 10, Nr. 7 (26.03.2021): 791. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10070791.

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In the permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) sensorless drive method, motor inductance is a decisive parameter for rotor position estimation. Due to core magnetic saturation, the motor current easily invokes inductance variation and degrades rotor position estimation accuracy. For a constant load torque, saturated inductance and inductance error in the sensorless drive method are constant. Inductance error results in constant rotor position estimation error and minor degradations, such as less optimal torque current, but no speed estimation error. For a periodic load torque, the inductance parameter error periodically fluctuates and, as a result, the position estimation error and speed error also periodically fluctuate. Periodic speed error makes speed regulation and load torque compensation especially difficult. This paper presents an inductance parameter estimator based on polynomial neural network (PNN) machine learning for PMSM sensorless drive with a period load torque compensator. By applying an inductance estimator, we also proposed a magnetic saturation compensation method to minimize periodic speed fluctuation. Simulation and experiments were conducted to validate the proposed method by confirming improved position and speed estimation accuracy and reduced system vibration against periodic load torque.

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Jiang, Wei Hua, Yuan Cheng Fan und Zheng Liu. „Double Position Loop Design of AC Servo Drive System“. Applied Mechanics and Materials 529 (Juni 2014): 486–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.529.486.

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The loop controller of double position fully closed makes the AC servo drive system acquire a very high position accuracy and speed following which is hard to be achieved for time-varying parameters, load disturbance, AC motors and severely nonlinear controlled objects. For the system, the dynamic nature can be ensured by the inner position loop adopting PI regulation of half closed loop structure, while the stability and the immunity can be achieved by closed loop structures with the rings outside adopting dual-mode fuzzy control. This article analyzes the cause of positioning errors for servo motor and semi-closed loop structure. The article also explains how to design a two position closed-loop servo system based on fuzzy control by adopting the AC servo motor drive, the motor shaft back-end incremental photoelectric encoder to form the inner position loop and using the motion control card, the inner ring of servo system and the work platform of grating ruler to make up the outer position loop. Based on double position loop composed of three-dimensional laser processing gear, the accuracy of the three-axis linkage workbench position control and the speed following can be ensured, thus meeting the requirement of the laser subsurface engraving machine for high speed and high precision motion.

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Huang, Shouren, Niklas Bergström, Yuji Yamakawa, Taku Senoo und Masatoshi Ishikawa. „Applying High-Speed Vision Sensing to an Industrial Robot for High-Performance Position Regulation under Uncertainties“. Sensors 16, Nr. 8 (29.07.2016): 1195. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s16081195.

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Qin, Ya Jie. „Numerical Investigation of Pneumatic Regulating on Low-Pressure Guide Vane“. Applied Mechanics and Materials 733 (Februar 2015): 554–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.733.554.

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In order to reduce the turbine flow, injecting an airstream into the mainstream of the low-pressure turbine from the casing. A CFD analysis has been carried out to study the impact of jet parameters (jet position, Angle, flow rate and velocity) to the turbine flow. The calculation results show that when the low-speed region caused by the jet flow locates at the throat the flow regulating effect is the most obvious. In additional, when the jet is against the main stream or with a big flow rate, the turbine flow regulation is better, but the loss efficiency of the turbine will be significantly increased. The jet Mach number has little influence on the effect of flow regulation.

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Dissertationen zum Thema "Speed and position regulation"

Soviš, Jiří. „Bezsnímačové řízení střídavých motorů na platformě STM32“. Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-442463.

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The thesis is focused on the issue of sensorless vector control of a synchronous motor with permanent magnets in the low-speed range. In the first part, there is a brief description of the synchronous motor and the necessary transformations for the application of vector control. This is followed by the overview of sensorless methods for position estimation by injecting a high-frequency harmonic signal. The practical part is devoted to the implementation of a control algorithm to develop kit STM32NUCLEO-L476RG, which is preceded by the identification of all engine parameters. As part of the implementation, a structure including current, speed and position control was designed. The functionality and robustness of the settings have been successfully tested due to the different inertia and load.

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Cilia, Joseph. „Sensorless speed and position control of induction motor drives“. Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.362888.

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Östling, Johan. „High Accuracy Speed and Angular Position Detection by Dual Sensor“. Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Fasta tillståndets fysik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-365726.

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For many decades there has been a need in many industries to measure speed and position of ferrous gears. This is commonly done by converting passing gear teeth from trigger wheels to electrical impulses to calculate speed and angular position. By using Hall effect sensors or Giant Magnetoresistance sensors (GMR), a zero speed detection of gear teeth is possible while at the same time be cheap to produce and durable for harsh environments. A specially designed trigger-wheel (cogwheel created for measurements) with gear teeth in a specific pattern, exact position can be detected by using a dual sensor, even when no earlier information is available. The new design of trigger-wheel also makes this new method more accurate and universal compared to previous solutions. This thesis demonstrates and argues for the advantages of using a dual sensor for speed and angular position detection on gear wheels. Were one sensor do quantitative measurements for pattern detection in the teeth arrangements and the other sensor do qualitative measurements for position detection.

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Budden, Alan Stephen. „Sensorless zero-speed position detection for brushless permanent magnet machines“. Thesis, University of Bristol, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1983/05c6fe86-20a7-4a40-b39d-4f62d0c774a7.

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Rao, Niankun. „A novel high-speed stereo-vision system for real-time position sensing“. Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/39637.

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Real-time position sensing has a wide range of applications in motion control systems, parts inspection and general metrology. Vision-based position sensing systems have signiﬁcant advantages over other sensing methods, including large measurement volume, non-contact sensing, and simultaneous mea- surement in multiple degrees-of-freedom (DOF). Existing vision-based position sensing solutions are limited by low sampling frequency and low position accuracy. This thesis presents the theory, design, implementation and calibration of a new high-speed stereo-vision camera system for real-time position sensing based on CMOS image sensors. By reading small regions around each target image rather than the full frame data of the sensor, the frame rate and image processing speed are vastly increased. A high speed camera interface is designed based on Camera Link technology, which allows a maximum continuous data throughput of 2.3Gbps. In addition, this stereo-vision system also includes ﬁxed pattern noise (FPN) correction, threshold processing, and sub-pixel target position interpolation. In order to achieve high position accuracy, this system is calibrated to determine its model parame- ters. The primary error sources in this system include target image noise, mechanical installation error and lens distortion. The image sensor is characterized, and its FPN data is extracted, by experiment. The mechanical installation error and lens distortion parameters are identiﬁed through camera cali- bration. The proposed camera calibration method uses the 3D position reconstruction error as its cost function in the iterative optimization. The optimization of linear and nonlinear parameters is decoupled. By these means, better estimation of model parameters is achieved. To verify the performance of the proposed calibration method, it is compared with a traditional single camera calibration method in sim- ulation and experiment. The results show that the proposed calibration method gives better parameter estimation than the traditional single camera calibration method. The experimental results indicate that the prototype system is capable of measuring 8 targets in 3- DOF at a sampling frequency of 8kHz. Comparison with a coordinate measurement machine (CMM) shows that the prototype system achieves a 3D position accuracy of 18μm (RMS) over a range of 400mm by 400mm by 15mm, with a resolution of 2μm.

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Chi, Song. „Position-sensorless control of permanent magnet synchronous machines over wide speed range“. Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1186974583.

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Roskilly, Kyle. „Sensor augmentation of GPS for position and speed sensing in animal locomotion“. Thesis, Royal Veterinary College (University of London), 2015. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.669198.

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Chretien, Ludovic. „POSITION SENSORLESS CONTROL OF NON-SALIENT PERMANENT MAGNET SYNCHRONOUS MACHINE“. University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1145286531.

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Chan, Leon Y. (Leon Yen-Lee). „Mechanisms of regulation of the spindle position checkpoint kinase, Kin4“. Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/58197.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Biology, 2010.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references.
Most cells are polarized in that they are aware of spatial cues and can respond to these cues accordingly. One major aspect of cell function that is often responsive to these polarization cues is cell division. Cell division, the process of making two cells from one progenitor, requires equal distribution of the genetic material to the two progeny cells. When polarized cells divide, an additional constraint on the segregation of the genetic material is imposed, namely, cells must divide the genetic material along axes defined by polarization cues. In eukaryotes, this problem is generally solved by the positioning of the mitotic spindle according to these spatial cues. Defects in spindle positioning can lead to the generation of cells with incorrect organelle, genetic and molecular contents, fate and/or, spatial orientation. Cells have evolved feedback mechanisms that monitor defects in spindle positioning and delay the cell cycle in response to such defects. These mechanisms are best elucidated in the budding yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The protein kinase Kin4 inhibits the Mitotic Exit Network when the spindle is mis-positioned. How Kin4 is itself regulated and whether or how Kin4 responds to spindle mis-position is not known. The work presented in this thesis elucidates the regulation of Kin4. We identify a novel spindle position checkpoint component, PP2A-Rts 1, and show that it promotes checkpoint function by enabling proper Kin4 localization. We also identify domains and sequence determinants within Kin4 that control localization and function. We present a model of how the spindle position checkpoint senses spindle position and test this model for Kin4 function. We find that the generation of positive and negative mitotic exit regulatory zones allows the cell to sense and translate the spatial information of spindle position into a chemical cell cycle signal.
by Leon Y. Chan.
Ph.D.

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Myers, Paul G. „A two-dimensional spoiler of arbitrary chordwise position in a low speed flow“. Thesis, University of Bristol, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.303755.

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Bücher zum Thema "Speed and position regulation"

American Society of Home Inspectors. American Society of Home Inspectors position statement on regulation of home inspectors. Des Plaines, IL: American Society of Home Inspectors, 2002.

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High speed 25-position interface for data terminal equipment and data circuit-terminating equipment. Gaithersburg, MD: National Computer Systems Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 1989.

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National Computer Systems Laboratory (U.S.). High speed 25-position interface for data terminal equipment and data circuit-terminating equipment. Gaithersburg, MD: National Computer Systems Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 1989.

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National Computer Systems Laboratory (U.S.). High speed 25-position interface for data terminal equipment and data circuit-terminating equipment. Gaithersburg, MD: National Computer Systems Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 1989.

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Lowry, A. 5-10 year strategic position for Interisland Line to adopt for high speed craft. Oxford: Oxford Brookes University, 1998.

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), National Computer Systems Laboratory (U S. High speed 25-position interface for data terminal equipment and data circuit-terminating equipment. Gaithersburg, MD: National Computer Systems Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 1989.

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Keayla, B. K. Important components of patent system--India's position: Implications of the new regime. New Delhi: Centre for Study of Global Trade System and Development, 2004.

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Hussein, Mohamad Zaki. Human rights and business regulation in plantation sector: A position paper on business and human rights. Pasar Minggu, Jakarta, Indonesia: Lembaga Studi dan Advokasi Masyarakat, 2014.

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Lan yong shi chang zhi pei di wei de gui zhi yan jiu: The Studies on the Regulation of Abuse of Market Dominant Position. Beijing: Zhongguo ren min da xue chu ban she, 2012.

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Buchteile zum Thema "Speed and position regulation"

Moir, Tom. „Speed and Position-Control Systems“. In Feedback, 61–88. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-34839-7_4.

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Polak, T. A., und C. Pande. „Position, Speed, and Acceleration Measurement“. In Engineering Measurements, 17–34. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118903148.ch3.

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Considine, Douglas M., und Glenn D. Considine. „Geometric Variables I: Position, Motion, Speed, Velocity“. In Standard Handbook of Industrial Automation, 19–50. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-1963-4_3.

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Dayangac, Enes, Florian Baumann, Josep Aulinas und Matthias Zobel. „Target Position and Speed Estimation Using LiDAR“. In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 470–77. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-41501-7_53.

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Hackl, Christoph M. „Speed and Position Control of Industrial Servo-Systems“. In Non-identifier Based Adaptive Control in Mechatronics, 321–433. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-55036-7_11.

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Lazić, Vesna. „Procedural Position of a ‘Weaker Party’ in the Regulation Brussels Ibis“. In Brussels Ibis Regulation, 51–70. The Hague: T.M.C. Asser Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6265-147-0_3.

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Krekora, P., Q. Su und R. Grobe. „Position Dependent Tunneling Speed for Particles Under a Barrier“. In Super-Intense Laser-Atom Physics, 369–78. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0754-2_35.

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Chalmers, D. J. „Position as a Factor in Growth and Development Effects“. In Hormonal Regulation of Development III, 169–92. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-67734-2_7.

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Zhang, Hang, Delin Luo und Zhengyuan Zhang. „Research of Induction Motor Mathematical Frequency Speed Regulation“. In Advances in Intelligent and Soft Computing, 781–86. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-28466-3_105.

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Liu, Zhigang, Zhiqiang Long und Xiaolong Li. „The Position and Speed Detection Technology Based on Loop Cable for Low-Speed Maglev Train“. In Springer Tracts in Mechanical Engineering, 183–215. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-45673-6_6.

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Konferenzberichte zum Thema "Speed and position regulation"

Hussain, Muzahid, Abhishek Tayal und Sarabjot Singh. „Position Matching Based Autonomous Speed Regulation System for Vehicles“. In 2011 International Conference on Devices and Communications (ICDeCom). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icdecom.2011.5738527.

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Kelly, Rafael, Adriana Salinas und Carmen Monroy. „Position regulation under position dependent speed limit of a torque-driven nonlinear rotational mechanism model“. In 2016 IEEE International Conference on Automatica (ICA-ACCA). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ica-acca.2016.7778498.

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Rondon, Eduardo, Luis-Rodolfo Garcia-Carrillo und Isabelle Fantoni. „Vision-based altitude, position and speed regulation of a quadrotor rotorcraft“. In 2010 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS 2010). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iros.2010.5652745.

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Ghods, Nima, und Miroslav Krstic. „Source Seeking for Nonholonomic Unicycle With Speed Regulation“. In ASME 2010 Dynamic Systems and Control Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dscc2010-4076.

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The simplest strategy for extremum seeking-based source localization, for sources with unknown spatial distributions and nonholonomic unicycle vehicles without position measurement, employs a constant positive forward speed. Steering of the vehicle in the plane is performed using only the variation of the angular velocity. While keeping the forward speed constant is a reasonable strategy motivated by implementation with aerial vehicles, it leads to complexities in the asymptotic behavior of the vehicle, since the vehicle cannot settle—at best it can converge to a small-size attractor around the source. In this paper we regulate the forward velocity, with the intent of bringing the vehicle to a stop, or as close to a stop as possible. The vehicle speed is controlled using simple derivative-like feedback of the sensor measurement (the derivative is approximated with a washout filter) to which a speed bias parameter Vc is added. The angular velocity is tuned using standard extremum seeking. We prove two results. For Vc in a certain range around zero, we show that the vehicle converges to a ring around the source and on average the limit of the vehicle’s heading is either directly away or towards the source. For other values of Vc > 0, the vehicle converges to a ring around the source and it revolves around the source. Interestingly, the average heading of this revolution around the source is more outward than inward—this is possible because the vehicle’s speed is not constant, it is lower during the outward steering intervals and higher during the inward steering intervals. The theoretical results are illustrated with simulations.

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Yuefei, Zuo, Liu Chuang, Fu Hui, Zhang Tao und Hu Ye. „A decoupled active disturbance rejection controller for PMSM speed-regulation system with position feedback“. In 2015 18th International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems (ICEMS). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icems.2015.7385327.

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Stol, Karl, und Mark Balas. „Periodic Disturbance Accommodating Control for Speed Regulation of Wind Turbines“. In ASME 2002 Wind Energy Symposium. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/wind2002-53.

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Performance of a model-based periodic gain controller is presented using Disturbance Accommodating Control (DAC) techniques to estimate fluctuating wind disturbances. Operation is restricted to speed regulation using Independent Blade pitch Control (IBC) and by measuring only rotor angle and speed. The modeled turbine is a free-yaw, two-bladed, teetered rotor machine with simple blade and tower flexibility — 6 discrete degrees of freedom. A comparison is made to a time-invariant DAC controller, constructed by various approaches. Results indicate that the two controllers perform nearly identically, despite the inherent periodic dynamics in the system. The best time-invariant state estimator model was designed by freezing the periodic plant at a specified rotor azimuth position.

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Zomorodi Moghadam, Hesam, Robert G. Landers und S. N. Balakrishnan. „Hierarchical Optimal Force–Position Control of Complex Manufacturing Processes“. In ASME/ISCIE 2012 International Symposium on Flexible Automation. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/isfa2012-7234.

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A hierarchical optimal controller is developed to regulate the cutting force and tool position, simultaneously, in a micro end milling process. The process is divided into two levels of decision making. The bottom level includes the measurable states, which in this work comprise the servomechanism positions. The top level includes the higher order objectives which can be derived from the bottom level objectives by an aggregation relationship. In this work the top level objective is concerned with cutting force regulation. The aggregation relations are linearized to fit into a linear optimal control problem to reduce the computational efforts. Reference velocity is calculated based on the force model, using the desired depth-of-cut and spindle speed. The proposed method is compared to a normal optimal controller without considering the top level objectives. Comparison between the two methods reveals the advantages of considering the top level objectives.

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Giglio, Davide, Simona Sacone und Silvia Siri. „Asynchronous regulation of service speed in inventory-production systems with time-varying positive demand“. In 2011 50th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control and European Control Conference (CDC-ECC 2011). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cdc.2011.6160892.

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Lee, Yong H. „Automatic Speed Control System for Vehicle Approaching and Driving on a Curve“. In ASME 2008 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2008-68343.

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Based on the curvature information for an upcoming road, an automatic speed control system regulates vehicle speed to improve vehicle curve following performance. The road information is extracted from a digitally stored map using the current vehicle position obtained from Global Positioning System (GPS) data. Then, a safe curve speed is determined using the lateral dynamics of vehicle in turn to ensure proper curve handling. Other factors, such as vehicle characteristics, driver preferences, and road and environment conditions are also considered so that vehicle safety and driver comfort are enhanced. An acceleration command is generated from the current vehicle speed and the desired curve speed profile. Driving mode, such as conservative, normal, or aggressive mode, can be selected from the console for a desired driving style. The gain and preview time to determine the vehicle cornering speed are selected according to driver’s preference. The functional blocks of the system include computation of the road curvature, determination of a desired curve speed profile for the best cornering performance for an upcoming curve, and regulation of vehicle speed toward the desired speed. Signal input blocks and actuator control blocks are added to interface with the bus oriented sensors and actuators. The entrance and exit conditions block checks for various vehicle status signals to enter or exit the curve speed control mode gracefully. It also generates a diagnostic message when map data is absent or an error occurs on acceleration command computation. The vehicle studies indicated that the curve speed control system is effective in regulating vehicle speed during curve following maneuvers.

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Seshadri, Aravind, und Prabhakar R. Pagilla. „Optimal Control of Web Guides Using a New Fiber Optic Edge Sensor“. In ASME 2008 Dynamic Systems and Control Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dscc2008-2242.

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This paper discusses the development of a linear quadratic optimal control algorithm for web guides, and implementation of the control algorithm using web lateral position feedback from a new, experimental fiber optic sensor. The lateral dynamic model of the web and the measurement characteristics of the fiber optic sensor are conducive for a linear quadratic regulator design. The performance of the optimal control algorithm with web lateral position feedback from the fiber optic edge sensor is evaluated by conducting experiments on a web platform. Experiments were also conducted using the same controller but with an existing industrial infrared sensor for web lateral position measurement. Results from a series of comparative experiments indicate that the optimal control algorithm with feedback from the fiber optic sensor provides accurate lateral position regulation in the presence of disturbances, at various web transport speeds, and with web materials with different mechanical, physical and geometric properties. Based on the analysis of the web lateral dynamic model, recommendations for proper guide operation and selection of appropriate web transport conditions for good guiding performance are also discussed.

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Berichte der Organisationen zum Thema "Speed and position regulation"

Gomez Garcia, Olga, Henry Mooney, David Rosenblatt, Maria Alejandra Zegarra, Gralyn Frazier, Ariel McCaskie, Victor Gauto et al. Caribbean Quarterly Bulletin: Volume 10: Issue 1, May 2021. Inter-American Development Bank, Mai 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003265.

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Countries around the world have endured over a year of extreme uncertainty in the context of the COVID-19 crisis, and economies in the Caribbean have suffered more than most. But with the increasing availability of vaccines and prospects for a resumption of international travel, light is emerging at the end of the Pandemic tunnel. With this in mind, The Inter-American Development Bank Caribbean1 Departments most recent Quarterly Bulletin reviews the latest available information regarding the crisis impacts on citizens, their economies, and key factors that will determine the speed and depth of recovery. As also discussed in previous editions, prospects for tourism-dependent economies will depend heavily on vaccine penetration and border normalization in source countries particularly the United States and Western Europe, while commodity-intensive economies could benefit from upward revisions to global demand growth estimates. All countries in the region can do much to support a rapid recovery through forward-looking policies aimed at ensuring they are well positioned to take advantage of post-Pandemic preferences with respect to travel and tourism, services trade, and investment. Our latest report considers these issues, what may lie ahead, and how counties can best position themselves for a recovery in 2021 and beyond.

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Brodie, Katherine, Brittany Bruder, Richard Slocum und Nicholas Spore. Simultaneous mapping of coastal topography and bathymetry from a lightweight multicamera UAS. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41440.

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A low-cost multicamera Unmanned Aircraft System (UAS) is used to simultaneously estimate open-coast topography and bathymetry from a single longitudinal coastal flight. The UAS combines nadir and oblique imagery to create a wide field of view (FOV), which enables collection of mobile, long dwell timeseries of the littoral zone suitable for structure-from motion (SfM), and wave speed inversion algorithms. Resultant digital surface models (DSMs) compare well with terrestrial topographic lidar and bathymetric survey data at Duck, NC, USA, with root-mean-square error (RMSE)/bias of 0.26/–0.05 and 0.34/–0.05 m, respectively. Bathymetric data from another flight at Virginia Beach, VA, USA, demonstrates successful comparison (RMSE/bias of 0.17/0.06 m) in a secondary environment. UAS-derived engineering data products, total volume profiles and shoreline position, were congruent with those calculated from traditional topo-bathymetric surveys at Duck. Capturing both topography and bathymetry within a single flight, the presented multicamera system is more efficient than data acquisition with a single camera UAS; this advantage grows for longer stretches of coastline (10 km). Efficiency increases further with an on-board Global Navigation Satellite System–Inertial Navigation System (GNSS-INS) to eliminate ground control point (GCP) placement. The Appendix reprocesses the Virginia Beach flight with the GNSS–INS input and no GCPs.

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Ghanipoor Machiani, Sahar, Aryan Sohrabi und Arash Jahangiri. Impact of Regular and Narrow AV-Exclusive Lanes on Manual Driver Behavior. Mineta Transportation Institute, Oktober 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2020.1922.

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This study attempts to answer the question of how a narrow (9-ft) lane dedicated to Automated Vehicles (AVs) would affect the behavior of drivers in the adjacent lane to the right. To this end, a custom driving simulator environment was designed mimicking the Interstate 15 smart corridor in San Diego. A group of participants was assigned to drive next to the simulated 9-ft narrow lane while a control group was assigned to drive next to a regular 12-ft AV lane. Driver behavior was analyzed by measuring the mean lane position, mean speed, and mental effort (self-reported/subjective measure). In addition to AV lane width, the experimental design took into consideration AV headway, gender, and right lane traffic to investigate possible interaction effects. The results showed no significant differences in the speed and mental effort of drivers while indicating significant differences in lane positioning. Although the overall effect of AV lane width was not significant, there were some significant interaction effects between lane width and other factors (i.e., driver gender and presence of traffic on the next regular lane to the right). Across all the significant interactions, there was no case in which those factors stayed constant while AV lane width changed between the groups, indicating that the significant difference stemmed from the other factors rather than the lane width. However, the trend observed was that drivers driving next to the 12-ft lane had better lane centering compared to the 9ft lane. The analysis also showed that while in general female drivers tended to drive further away from the 9-ft lane and performed worse in terms of lane centering, they performed better than male drivers when right-lane traffic was present. This study contributes to understanding the behavioral impacts of infrastructure adaptation to AVs on non-AV drivers.

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Al-Qadi, Imad, Egemen Okte, Aravind Ramakrishnan, Qingwen Zhou und Watheq Sayeh. Truck-Platoonable Pavement Sections in Illinois’ Network. Illinois Center for Transportation, Februar 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36501/0197-9191/21-002.

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Truck platooning has many benefits over traditional truck mobility. Literature shows that platooning improves safety and reduces fuel consumption between 5% and 15% based on platoon configuration. In Illinois, trucks carry more than 50% of freight tonnage and constitute 25% of the traffic on interstates. Deployment of truck platooning within interstate highways would result in significant fuel savings, but may have a direct impact on flexible pavement performance. The channelization of the platoon and reduced rest time between consecutive loads would accelerate the damage accumulation at the channelized position. Ultimately, this would lead to pavement service life reduction and a subsequent increase in maintenance and rehabilitation costs. Therefore, the main objective of this project is to quantify the effects of platooning on flexible pavements and provide guidelines for the state of Illinois by considering the aforementioned factors. Although the benefits of platooning are quantifiable, not every truck route is platoonable. For efficient platooning, trucks need to travel at a constant high speed for extended distances. The integrity of the platoon should be preserved because interfering vehicles would compromise the platooning benefits and road safety. An introduced high-level approach considers the volume/capacity of a roadway and the expected number of highway exit and entry conflicts. Using these parameters, each roadway section is assigned a level of platoonability, ranging from one to five—with five being the highest. A framework was developed to analyze the Illinois highway network. It was found that 89% of the network highway is platoonable under average capacity conditions.

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Nishimura, Masatsugu, Yoshitaka Tezuka, Enrico Picotti, Mattia Bruschetta, Francesco Ambrogi und Toru Yoshii. Study of Rider Model for Motorcycle Racing Simulation. SAE International, Januar 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2019-32-0572.

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Various rider models have been proposed that provide control inputs for the simulation of motorcycle dynamics. However, those models are mostly used to simulate production motorcycles, so they assume that all motions are in the linear region such as those in a constant radius turn. As such, their performance is insufficient for simulating racing motorcycles that experience quick acceleration and braking. Therefore, this study proposes a new rider model for racing simulation that incorporates Nonlinear Model Predictive Control. In developing this model, it was built on the premise that it can cope with running conditions that lose contact with the front wheels or rear wheels so-called "endo" and "wheelie", which often occur during running with large acceleration or deceleration assuming a race. For the control inputs to the vehicle, we incorporated the lateral shift of the rider's center of gravity in addition to the normally used inputs such as the steering angle, throttle position, and braking force. We compared the performance of the new model with that of the conventional model under constant radius cornering and straight braking, as well as complex braking and acceleration in a single (hairpin) corner that represented a racing run. The results showed that the new rider model outperformed the conventional model, especially in the wider range of running speed usable for a simulation. In addition, we compared the simulation results for complex braking and acceleration in a single hairpin corner produced by the new model with data from an actual race and verified that the new model was able to accurately simulate the run of actual MotoGP riders.

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Tidd, Alexander N., Richard A. Ayers, Grant P. Course und Guy R. Pasco. Scottish Inshore Fisheries Integrated Data System (SIFIDS): work package 6 final report development of a pilot relational data resource for the collation and interpretation of inshore fisheries data. Herausgegeben von Mark James und Hannah Ladd-Jones. Marine Alliance for Science and Technology for Scotland (MASTS), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.15664/10023.23452.

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[Extract from Executive Summary] The competition for space from competing sectors in the coastal waters of Scotland has never been greater and thus there is a growing a need for interactive seascape planning tools that encompass all marine activities. Similarly, the need to gather data to inform decision makers, especially in the fishing industry, has become essential to provide advice on the economic impact on fishing fleets both in terms of alternative conservation measures (e.g. effort limitations, temporal and spatial closures) as well as the overlap with other activities, thereby allowing stakeholders to derive a preferred option. The SIFIDS project was conceived to allow the different relevant data sources to be identified and to allow these data to be collated in one place, rather than as isolated data sets with multiple data owners. The online interactive tool developed as part of the project (Work Package 6) brought together relevant data sets and developed data storage facilities and a user interface to allow various types of user to view and interrogate the data. Some of these data sets were obtained as static layers which could sit as background data e.g. substrate type, UK fishing limits; whilst other data came directly from electronic monitoring systems developed as part of the SIFIDS project. The main non-static data source was Work Package 2, which was collecting data from a sample of volunteer inshore fishing vessels (<12m). This included data on location; time; vessel speed; count, time and position of deployment of strings of creels (or as fleets and pots as they are also known respectively); and a count of how many creels were hauled on these strings. The interactive online tool allowed all the above data to be collated in a specially designed database and displayed in near real time on the web-based application.

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Kuznetsov, Victor, Vladislav Litvinenko, Egor Bykov und Vadim Lukin. A program for determining the area of the object entering the IR sensor grid, as well as determining the dynamic characteristics. Science and Innovation Center Publishing House, April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/bykov.0415.15042021.

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Currently, to evaluate the dynamic characteristics of objects, quite a large number of devices are used in the form of chronographs, which consist of various optical, thermal and laser sensors. Among the problems of these devices, the following can be distinguished: the lack of recording of the received data; the inaccessibility of taking into account the trajectory of the object flying in the sensor area, as well as taking into consideration the trajectory of the object during the approach to the device frame. The signal received from the infrared sensors is recorded in a separate document in txt format, in the form of a table. When you turn to the document, data is read from the current position of the input data stream in the specified list by an argument in accordance with the given condition. As a result of reading the data, it forms an array that includes N number of columns. The array is constructed in a such way that the first column includes time values, and columns 2...N- the value of voltage . The algorithm uses cycles that perform the function of deleting array rows where there is a fact of exceeding the threshold value in more than two columns, as well as rows where the threshold level was not exceeded. The modified array is converted into two new arrays, each of which includes data from different sensor frames. An array with the coordinates of the centers of the sensor operation zones was created to apply the Pythagorean theorem in three-dimensional space, which is necessary for calculating the exact distance between the zones. The time is determined by the difference in the response of the first and second sensor frames. Knowing the path and time, we are able to calculate the exact speed of the object. For visualization, the oscillograms of each sensor channel were displayed, and a chronograph model was created. The chronograph model highlights in purple the area where the threshold has been exceeded.

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Rukundo, Solomon. Tax Amnesties in Africa: An Analysis of the Voluntary Disclosure Programme in Uganda. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), Dezember 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ictd.2020.005.

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Tax amnesties have taken centre stage as a compliance tool in recent years. The OECD estimates that since 2009 tax amnesties in 40 jurisdictions have resulted in the collection of an additional €102 billion in tax revenue. A number of African countries have introduced tax amnesties in the last decade, including Nigeria, Namibia, South Africa and Tanzania. Despite their global popularity, the efficacy of tax amnesties as a tax compliance tool remains in doubt. The revenue is often below expectations, and it probably could have been raised through effective use of regular enforcement measures. It is also argued that tax amnesties might incentivise non-compliance – taxpayers may engage in non-compliance in the hope of benefiting from an amnesty. This paper examines the administration of tax amnesties in various jurisdictions around the world, including the United States, Australia, Canada, Kenya and South Africa. The paper makes a cost-benefit analysis of these and other tax amnesties – and from this analysis develops a model tax amnesty, whose features maximise the benefits of a tax amnesty while minimising the potential costs. The model tax amnesty: (1) is permanent, (2) is available only to taxpayers who make a voluntary disclosure, (3) relieves taxpayers of penalties, interest and the risk of prosecution, but treats intentional and unintentional non-compliance differently, (4) has clear reporting requirements for taxpayers, and (5) is communicated clearly to attract non-compliant taxpayers without appearing unfair to the compliant ones. The paper then focuses on the Ugandan tax amnesty introduced in July 2019 – a Voluntary Disclosure Programme (VDP). As at 7 November 2020, this initiative had raised USh16.8 billion (US$6.2 million) against a projection of USh45 billion (US$16.6 million). The paper examines the legal regime and administration of this VDP, scoring it against the model tax amnesty. It notes that, while the Ugandan VDP partially matches up to the model tax amnesty, because it is permanent, restricted to taxpayers who make voluntary disclosure and relieves penalties and interest only, it still falls short due to a number of limitations. These include: (1) communication of the administration of the VDP through a public notice, instead of a practice note that is binding on the tax authority; (2) uncertainty regarding situations where a VDP application is made while the tax authority has been doing a secret investigation into the taxpayer’s affairs; (3) the absence of differentiated treatment between taxpayers involved in intentional non-compliance, and those whose non-compliance may be unintentional; (4) lack of clarity on how the VDP protects the taxpayer when non-compliance involves the breach of other non-tax statutes, such as those governing financial regulation; (5)absence of clear timelines in the administration of the VDP, which creates uncertainty;(6)failure to cater for voluntary disclosures with minor errors; (7) lack of clarity on VDP applications that result in a refund position for the applicant; and (8) lack of clarity on how often a VDP application can be made. The paper offers recommendations on how the Ugandan VDP can be aligned to match the model tax amnesty, in order to gain the most from this compliance tool.

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Federal Information Processing Standards Publication: high speed 25-position interface for data terminal equipment and data circuit-terminating equipment. Gaithersburg, MD: National Bureau of Standards, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.fips.154.

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