Thematische Bibliographien / Spectroscopies and electron microscopy

Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Spectroscopies and electron microscopy“

Autor: Grafiati

Veröffentlicht am 20. Juli 2024

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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Spectroscopies and electron microscopy"

Russell, Phillip E. „Scanning Electron Microscopy-based sub-micron spectroscopies“. Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 44 (August 1986): 748–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100145108.

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The scanning electron microscope provides a convenient mechanism for utilizing a sub-micron focused electron probe as a basis for many diverse spectroscopies. While the main use of an SEM is high resolution and/or large depth of field imaging of topographical features, the same system can be used to locate an electron probe, with spot size as small as 1 nm, on a region of interest, and with approiate spectrometers and detectors, sub-micron spectroscopies of the many signals produced by the interaction of the electron beam with the solid sample can be performed. Of the many signals produced in a typical SEM, the following is a review of the ones which have been utilized as the basis of a sub-micron spectroscopy.

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Bell, L. D. „New electron and hole spectroscopies based on ballistic electron emission microscopy“. Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology B: Microelectronics and Nanometer Structures 9, Nr. 2 (März 1991): 594. http://dx.doi.org/10.1116/1.585466.

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Picher, Matthieu, Stefano Mazzucco, Steve Blankenship und Renu Sharma. „Vibrational and optical spectroscopies integrated with environmental transmission electron microscopy“. Ultramicroscopy 150 (März 2015): 10–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ultramic.2014.11.023.

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Lallo, James, Tim S. Nunney, Paul Mack, Robin Simpson und Helen Oppong-Mensah. „Correlative Surface Analysis: Combining XPS, Electron Microscopy, and Other Spectroscopies“. Microscopy and Microanalysis 29, Supplement_1 (22.07.2023): 789. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/micmic/ozad067.392.

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VIJAYALAKSHMI, R., und V. RAJENDRAN. „IMPACT OF SURFACTANTS ON PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF BaTiO3 NANOPARTICLES“. International Journal of Nanoscience 12, Nr. 01 (Februar 2013): 1350003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219581x13500038.

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Nanocrystalline BaTiO3 particles of about 20–35 nm have been successfully synthesized by using cationic, anionic and nonionic surfactants such as cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB), sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) and poly ethylene glycol (PEG) via hydrothermal method. The products were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. The average particle size, measured by powder X-ray diffraction was determined to be 20–35 nm and was confirmed by transmission electron microscopy. Spherical-like morphologies were obtained by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis. Optical properties of products were investigated by ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) absorption and PL spectroscopies.

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Parker, Stewart F., Devashibhai Adroja, Mónica Jiménez-Ruiz, Markus Tischer, Konrad Möbus, Stefan D. Wieland und Peter Albers. „Characterisation of the surface of freshly prepared precious metal catalysts“. Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 18, Nr. 26 (2016): 17196–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6cp01027j.

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Freshly prepared precious metal catalysts have been investigated by electron microscopy, X-ray and neutron spectroscopies and computational methods. At least half the surface is metallic with the remainder covered by oxygen, largely as hydroxide.

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Zaluzec, Nestor J., M. Grace Burke, Sarah J. Haigh und Matthew A. Kulzick. „X-ray Energy-Dispersive Spectrometry During In Situ Liquid Cell Studies Using an Analytical Electron Microscope“. Microscopy and Microanalysis 20, Nr. 2 (25.02.2014): 323–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927614000154.

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AbstractThe use of analytical spectroscopies during scanning/transmission electron microscope (S/TEM) investigations of micro- and nano-scale structures has become a routine technique in the arsenal of tools available to today’s materials researchers. Essential to implementation and successful application of spectroscopy to characterization is the integration of numerous technologies, which include electron optics, specimen holders, and associated detectors. While this combination has been achieved in many instrument configurations, the integration of X-ray energy-dispersive spectroscopy and in situ liquid environmental cells in the S/TEM has to date been elusive. In this work we present the successful incorporation/modifications to a system that achieves this functionality for analytical electron microscopy.

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Polisetti, Sneha, Amber N. Bible, Jennifer L. Morrell-Falvey und Paul W. Bohn. „Raman chemical imaging of the rhizosphere bacterium Pantoea sp. YR343 and its co-culture with Arabidopsis thaliana“. Analyst 141, Nr. 7 (2016): 2175–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6an00080k.

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Raman micro-spectroscopy and confocal Raman imaging are used to study the rhizosphere bacterial isolate, Pantoea sp. YR343, and its co-culture with model plant Arabidopsis thaliana by combining enhanced Raman spectroscopies with electron microscopy and principal component analysis.

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Woodward, John T., und Joseph A. N. Zasadzinski. „Observation of ripple conformations of pβ’ phase of dimyristoyl phosphatidylcholine with the scanning tunneling microscope“. Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 50, Nr. 2 (August 1992): 1134–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100130304.

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The Pβ’ or ripple phase of lecithin-water systems was first observed with x-ray diffraction by Tardieu, Luzzati and Reman in the early 1970's. The ripple phase has been observed in numerous studies using x-ray diffraction, freeze-fracture electron microscopy, and other spectroscopies. Electron microscopy on lecidiins far above full hydration showed the existence of a second ripple conformation nearly twice the wavelength of the ripples observed below full hydration leading to the designation of Λ and Λ/2 ripples. Yet none of these measurements have been able to provide a direct unambiguous measurement of the ripple amplitude and conformation. By modifying the technique of freeze-fracture replication to make it compatible with the scanning tunneling microscope (STM) we have observed both the Λ/2 ripple conformation and, for the first time with an STM, the Λ ripple conformation of dimyristoyl phosphatidylcholine (DMPC) in water.

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He, Yong Wu, Yao Bing Yin, Tao Chang, Li Bian, Guang Qing Zhang und Xiao Liang Li. „A Facile Synthesis of La2O3/GO Nanocomposites in N,N-Dimethylformamide with High Dye Degradation Efficiency“. Journal of Nanomaterials 2018 (2018): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/4128243.

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La2O3/graphene oxide (GO) nanocomposites were simply synthesized from commercially available LaCl3·7H2O and multilayer GO (5–10 layers) in N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) under reflux condition without extra stabilizer. The characterization results of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and X-ray photoelectron spectrum (XPS) spectroscopies showed that the crystalline La2O3 nanoparticles were successfully attached on the surface of GO. Moreover, the as-prepared nanocomposites greatly enhanced the degradation efficiency of organic dyes after 15 min under ultrasound irradiation in pure water. The degradation efficiency of the nanocomposites for methylene blue could be over 99%.

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Dissertationen zum Thema "Spectroscopies and electron microscopy"

Lourenço-Martins, Hugo. „Experiment and theory of plasmon coupling physics, wave effects and their study by electron spectroscopies“. Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLS284/document.

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Les plasmons de surface (SP) sont des ondes électromagnétiques se propageant à l'interface entre deux milieux, typiquement un métal et un diélectrique. Les plasmons de surface ont la capacité de confiner le champ électromagnétique dans de très petite région de l’espace, typiquement quelques nanomètres, c’est à dire bien en dessous de la limite de diffraction de la lumière. Une conséquence de ce confinement sub-longueur d’onde de la lumière est que leur observation nécessite une résolution spatiale nanométrique - ce qui exclut l’utilisation de techniques optiques standard. Néanmoins, le microscope électronique en transmission à balayage (STEM) est un outil particulièrement adapté à l'étude des plasmons de surface car il emploie des électrons rapides ayant une longueur d’onde typique comprise entre 1 et 10 picomètres. Ainsi, durant la dernière décennie, les spectroscopies électroniques appliquées à la nano-optique se sont fortement développées, parmi elle comptent : la spectroscopie de perte d'énergie électronique (EELS), la spectroscopie cathodoluminescence (CL) ou l'interférométrie de Hanbury Brown et Twiss (HBT) appliquée à la CL. Dans cette thèse, j’ai exploré différents problèmes ouverts de la plasmonique et de la nano-optique dans le cadre particulier de la microscopie électronique. Dans le chapitre 3, je présente un formalisme prenant en compte à la fois la nature quantique et relativiste des expériences d’EELS en faisant appel notamment à des éléments de théorie quantique des champs. Dans le chapitre 4, nous démontrons que la réalisation d’une expérience d’EELS avec de tels faisceaux permet de mesurer des propriétés jusqu’alors inatteignable à l’échelle du nanomètre telle que la phase des plasmons, leurs chiralité optique voire même leur longueur de cohérence. Dans le chapitre 5, je présente plusieurs résultats théoriques et expérimentaux concernant des expériences de couplage. En particulier, j’étudie le phénomène contre-intuitif d’auto-hybridation qui est une conséquence de la nature non-hermitienne du problème aux valeurs propres associé aux résonances de plasmon et établit une analogie avec les systèmes quantiques ouverts. Enfin, au chapitre 6, je discute des récentes mesures de phonon réalisées dans un STEM grâce au développement de monochromateur électroniques
Surface plasmons (SP) are electromagnetic waves propagating at the interface between two media typically a metal and a dielectric. SPs can confine electromagnetic fields in very short volumes (typically one to few nanometers), well below the light diffraction limit. This property has a tremendous number of applications ranging from fundamental physics (e.g. quantum optics) to applications (e.g. cancer therapy). However, the price to pay is that SPs suffer from huge ohmic losses in the metal which leads to very short lifetimes (typically few femtoseconds). Theoretically, this presence of dissipation dramatically hardens the theoretical description of SPs. Another consequence of the sub-wavelength confinement of light associated with SPs is that their observation requires a nanometric resolution - which excludes the use of standard optical techniques. Yet, the scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM) is a particularly suitable tool to study SPs as it employs fast electrons with typical wavelength from 1 to 10 picometers. Thus, the last decade has seen the tremendous development of electron-based spectroscopies applied to nano-optics such as electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS), cathodoluminescence spectroscopy (CL) or STEM- Hanbury Brown and Twiss interferometry (HBT). In this thesis, I explored different open problems of plasmonics and nano-optics under the scope of electron microscopy and spectroscopies. In chapter 3, I develop a formalism taking into account both the quantum and relativistic nature of EELS experiments using elements of quantum field theory. In chapter 4, I apply the latter formalism to the case of EELS measurements of SPs using electrons with shaped phase. In chapter 5, I give several theoretical and experimental results on coupling experiments involving SPs. Particularly, I demonstrate a counterintuitive type of coupling, the so-called self- hybridization which is a consequence of the non-Hermitian nature of the LSP eigenproblem and draw analogy with open quantum system. Finally, in chapter 6, I discuss the recent result on vibrational EELS in monochromated STEM

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Losquin, Arthur. „Surface Plasmon modes revealed by fast electron based spectroscopies : from simple model to complex“. Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00919765.

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Surface Plasmons (SP) are elementary excitations mixing electrons and photons at metal surfaces,which can be seen in a classical electrodynamics framework as electromagnetic surface eigenmodesof a metal-dielectric system. The present work bases on the ability of mapping SP eigenmodes withnanometric spatial resolution over a broad spectral range using spatially resolved fast electron basedspectroscopies in a Scanning Transmission Electron Microscope (STEM). Such an ability has beenseparately demonstrated during the last few years by many spatially resolved experiments of ElectronEnergy Loss Spectroscopy (EELS), which measures the energy lost by fast electrons interactingwith the sample, and CathodoLuminescence (CL), which measures the energy released by subsequentlyemitted photons. In the case of EELS, the experimental results are today well accountedfor by strong theory elements which tend to show that the quantity measured in an experiment canbe safely interpreted in terms of the surface eigenmodes of the sample. In order to broaden thisinterpretation to fast electron based spectroscopies in general, I have performed combined spatiallyresolved EELS and CL experiments on a simple single nanoparticle (a gold nanoprism). I have shownthat EELS and CL results bear strong similarities but also slight differences, which is confirmed bynumerical simulations. I have extended the theoretical analysis of EELS to CL to show that CLmaps equally well than EELS the radiative surface eigenmodes, yet with slightly different spectralfeatures. This work is a proof of principle clarifiying the quantities measured in EELS and CL,which are shown to be respectively some nanometric equivalent of extinction and scattering spectroscopieswhen applied to metal-dielectric systems. Based on this interpretation, I have applied EELSto reveal the SP eigenmodes of random metallic media (in our case, semicontinuous metal films beforethe percolation threshold). These SP eigenmodes constitute a long standing issue in nanooptics.I have directly identified the eigenmodes from measurements and data processing. I havefully characterized these eigenmodes experimentally through an electric field intensity pattern, aneigenenergy and a relaxation rate. Doing so, I have shown that the fractal geometry of the medium,which grows towards the percolation, induces random-like eigenmodes in the system at low energies.Keywords: Surface plasmons, fast electron based spectroscopies, scanning transmission electronmicroscopy, disordered media

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Bücker, Kerstin. „Characterization of pico- and nanosecond electron pulses in ultrafast transmission electron microscopy“. Thesis, Strasbourg, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017STRAE014/document.

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Cette thèse présente une étude des impulsions électroniques ultra-brèves en utilisant le nouveau microscope électronique en transmission ultrarapide (UTEM) à Strasbourg. La première partie porte sur le mode d’opération stroboscopique, basé sur l’utilisation d’un train d’impulsions d’électrons de l’ordre de la picoseconde pour l’étude des phénomènes réversibles ultrarapides. L’étude paramétrique effectuée a permis de révéler les dynamiques fondamentales des impulsions électroniques. Des mécanismes inconnus jusqu’alors et décisifs dans les caractéristiques des impulsions ont été dévoilés. Il s’agit des effets de trajectoire, qui limitent la résolution temporelle, et du filtrage chromatique, qui impacte la distribution en énergie et l’intensité du signal. Ces connaissances permettent aujourd’hui un paramétrage affiné de l’UTEM de manière à satisfaire les divers besoins expérimentaux. La deuxième partie concerne l’installation du mode d’opération complémentaire : le mode « singel-shot ». Ce mode fait appel à une impulsion unique d’intensité élevé et d’une durée de l’ordre de la nanoseconde pour l’étude des phénomènes irréversibles. L’UTEM de Strasbourg étant le premier instrument single-shot équipé d’un spectromètre de perte d’énergie des électrons (EELS), l’influence de l’aberration chromatique a pu été étudiée en détail. Elle s’est dévoilée être une limitation majeure pour la résolution en imagerie, nécessitant d’ajuster le bon compromis avec l’aberration sphérique d’une part et l’intensité du signal d’autre part. Enfin, la faisabilité de mener des études en EELS ultrarapide avec une seule impulsion nanoseconde a pu être démontrée, ceci constituant une première mondiale. Ce résultat très prometteur ouvre un tout nouveau domaine d’expériences résolu en temps
This thesis presents a study of ultrashort electron pulses by using the new ultrafast transmission electron microscope (UTEM) in Strasbourg. The first part focuses on the stroboscopic operation mode which works with trains of picosecond multi-electron pulses in order to study ultrafast, reversible processes. A detailed parametric study was carried out, revealing fundamental principles of electron pulse dynamics. New mechanisms were unveiled which define the pulse characteristics. These are trajectory effects, limiting the temporal resolution, and chromatic filtering, which acts on the energy distribution and signal intensity. Guidelines can be given for optimum operation conditions adapted to different experimental requirements. The second part starts with the setup of the single-shot operation mode, based on intense nanosecond electron pulses for the investigation of irreversible processes. Having the first ns-UTEM equipped with an electron energy loss spectrometer, the influence of chromatic aberration was studied and found to be a major limitation in imaging. It has to be traded off with spherical aberration and signal intensity. For the first time, the feasibility of core-loss EELS with one unique ns-electron pulse is demonstrated. This opens a new field of time-resolved experiments

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Beato, Medina Daniel. „Characterization of 2D architectures on metallic substrates by electron spectroscopy and microscopy“. Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM4730/document.

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La physique des surfaces et nanosciences est une discipline qui permet la conception d’une diversité de matériaux innovants pour mieux répondre aux besoins de la technologie actuelle. Dans ce contexte, nous nous sommes intéressés à caractériser les propriétés de différentes structures 2D élaborées sur des substrats d’argent en combinant différentes techniques d'analyses de surface.D'une part nous avons étudié des films 2D auto-assemblés à base de phtalocyanine de cobalt adsorbées sur Ag(100). Au régime de la monocouche, deux phases ont été essentiellement observées : la (5x5) et la (7x7). La spectroscopie de pertes d'énergie nous a permis de mettre en évidence deux mécanismes de transfert de charge métal/molécule différents en raison des sites d'adsorption différents.D'autre part, nous avons synthétisé, par évaporation d'atomes de silicium sur de l'Ag(111), du silicene en monocouche et multicouche. Ainsi nous avons entrepris des mesures dans le but de comprendre les propriétés structurales du silicene en multicouche. Pour cela nous avons engagé des mesures par spectroscopie de photoémission et diffraction de photoélectrons, et comparé nos données avec des simulations réalisées dans le cadre la diffusion multiple. Plusieurs hypothèses concernant la nature de ce matériau ont pu être testées. Par ailleurs nous avons étudié la fonctionnalisation du silicene par hydrogénation et adsorption de molécules de F4TCNQ
Nanosciences and surface science are key elements in the conception of a diversity of innovative materials designed to better cope with the needs of current technology. Within this context, we have resolved to characterise the properties of different two-dimensional structures grown on silver substrates with the help of several complementary techniques of surface analysis.Firstly, we have studied auto-assembled 2D films of cobalt phthalocyanine on Ag(100) substrates. In situations with coverages close to the monolayer, two phases were observed: the (5x5) and the (7x7). The electron energy loss spectroscopy has allowed us to support the existence of two inequivalent charge transfer mechanisms between the substrate and the molecules due to differences in the adsoprtion sites. Secondly, we have synthesised both monolayer and multilayer silicene by evaporating silicon atoms on Ag(111) substrates. We have decided to delve into the characteristics of multilayer silicene as it’s less well-known than its monolayer counterpart. With this aim, the system has been subjected to experiments of photoemission spectroscopy and diffraction. In this manner, several hypotheses on the very nature of this material have been tested. On another matter also related to silicene, we have studied its functionalization by adsorption of F4TCNQ molecules and atomic hydrogen

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George, Andrew R. „A new spectroscopic method for the non-destructive characterization of weathering damage in plastics /“. Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2006. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd1605.pdf.

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Mahfoud, Zackaria. „Nanometric spectroscopies of plasmonic structures and semi-conductors nanocrystals“. Thesis, Troyes, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014TROY0003/document.

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J'ai réalisé pour cette thèse des travaux expérimentaux à l'aide de la microscopie et de la spectroscopie électronique portant sur l'étude de nanostructures plasmoniques et de nanocristaux semi-conducteurs. Le but étant d'etudier leurs propriétés optiques sur des dimensions spatiales de l'ordre du nm. A cette échelle il est possible d'observer le champs proche électrique associé aux modes de résonances plasmons de surface supportées par des nanostructures métalliques. Ainsi j'ai pu étudier l'effet de la présence de rugosités sur des nano-bâtonnets d'or et constater que leur présence modifiait localement la structure du champs proche électrique. Des mesures combinées par spectroscopie de perte d'énergie des électrons (EELS) et de cathodoluminescence ont permis de comparer les réponses mesurées en champs proches à celle effectuées en champs lointain. Une étude faite par EELS portant sur le couplage entre deux nano-bâtonnets métalliques positionnés bout à bout et séparés par une distance de quelques dizaines de nanomètres a permis de cartographier la localisation de modes hybridés séparément sur chaque branche. Enfin des études comparatives de cathodoluminescence et de photoluminescence sur des points quantiques isolés ont permis de constater l'équivalence de l'information collectées par ces deux techniques sur ce type d'émetteurs de lumière
For this thesis, I have realised some experimental works using electron microscopy and electron spectroscopies for the study of plasmonic nanostructures and semiconductor nanocrystals . The aim being to study their optical properties with spatial resolutions of the order of a few nm. At this level it is possible to observe the electric near-field associated to the localised surface plasmon resonances supported by metallic nanostructures . So I was able to study the effect due to the presence of roughness on single gold nanorods and I have found that their presence locally alterate the structure of the electric near-field . Combined measurement of electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS ) and cathodoluminescence spectroscopy were used to compare the near-field and far-field responses respectively. A study by EELS on the coupling between two metal nanorods positioned end to end and separated by a disance of tens of nanometers was used to map the localisation of hybridised modes separately on each branch of the dimers. Finally, comparative studies of cathodoluminescence and photoluminescence on single quantum dots have shown the equivalence of the information collected by these two techniques for such light emitters

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Sidhoum, Charles. „In-situ study of hybrid nanomaterial formation : a multiscale approach combining electron microscopy and spectroscopic techniques“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Strasbourg, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023STRAE041.

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Cette thèse explore la nucléation et la croissance de deux systèmes chimiques distincts en utilisant la microscopie électronique à transmission (MET) in-situ comme outil principal. Le premier système implique la croissance de pérovskites hybrides, synthétisées par une méthode de précipitation utilisant deux solvants de polarités différentes. Le second système étudie la croissance de gel d'oxyde de tungstène, obtenu par voie sol-gel. Ces approches par « Chimie-Douce » conduisent souvent à des phases cinétiques métastables, ou intermédiaire. L'objectif principal de cette thèse est d'exploiter les techniques in situ pour suivre ces processus en temps réel, fournissant des informations sur l’évolution structurale et chimiques de ces systèmes. Les données MET in-situ sont corrélées à d'autres techniques, telles que la diffraction des rayons X, la diffusion des rayons X aux petits angles, la résonance magnétique nucléaire, etc. Cette approche combinée vise à combler un manque concernant les études dynamiques in-situ à l'échelle du nanomètre, en se concentrant sur les études corrélatives afin d'obtenir une vue d'ensemble des mécanismes de formation
This thesis explores the nucleation and growth of two distinct chemical systems using in-situ Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) as a main tool. The first system involves hybrid perovskites, synthesized through a precipitation method using two solvents with different polarities. The second system investigates the growth of a more covalent structure, the tungsten oxide gel, using a sol-gel approach. These “Chimie-Douce” approaches often leads to metastable kinetic phases that slowly transition to a more stable thermodynamic phase. The primary goal of this thesis is to leverage in-situ techniques to monitor these processes in real-time, providing insights into the kinetics and chemical transformations.The in-situ TEM data are complemented by other techniques, such as X-ray diffraction, Small Angle X-ray Scattering, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, and others. This combined approach seeks to fill a gap in the dynamic in-situ studies at the nanometer scale, focusing on correlative studies to obtain a comprehensive view of the formation mechanisms

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Laitenberger, Peter. „Structural and spectroscopic studies of surfaces“. Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.364531.

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Nataf, Guillaume F. „New approaches to understand conductive and polar domain walls by Raman spectroscopy and low energy electron microscopy“. Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLS436/document.

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Ce travail de thèse porte sur les propriétés structurales et électroniques des parois de domaines ferroïques ; il a pour objectif une meilleure compréhension des mécanismes de conduction dans les parois de domaines du niobate de lithium d’une part, et de la polarité des parois de domaine dans le titanate de calcium d’autre part. La première partie est consacrée aux interactions entre les défauts et les parois de domaine dans le niobate de lithium. L’observation d’une relaxation diélectrique de faible énergie d’activation et l’analyse de son comportement sous l’effet d’un recuit dans des échantillons avec et sans parois nous conduisent à proposer que les parois de domaines stabilisent des états polaroniques. Nous rapportons aussi l'évolution de modes Raman dans des échantillons congruents de niobate de lithium dopés de manière croissante en magnésium. Nous identifions des décalages en fréquence spécifiques aux parois de domaines. Les parois de domaines apparaissent alors comme des lieux de stabilisation des défauts polaires. Nous utilisons la microscopie électronique miroir (MEM) et la microscopie électronique de faible énergie (LEEM) pour caractériser les domaines et parois de domaines à la surface du niobate de lithium dopé magnésium. Nous démontrons que les réglages de la distance focale peuvent être utilisés pour déterminer la polarisation du domaine. Aux parois de domaines, un champ électrique latéral, provenant de différents états de charge de surface, est mis en évidence. Dans une seconde partie, nous étudions la polarité des parois de domaine dans le titanate de calcium. Nous utilisons la spectroscopie de résonance piézo-électrique pour mettre en évidence l’excitation de résonances élastiques par un signal électrique, ce qui est interprété comme une réponse piézoélectrique des parois de domaines. Une image directe des parois de domaine du titanate de calcium est obtenue par LEEM, et montre une différence de potentiel de surface entre domaines et parois. Ce contraste peut être modifié sous l’effet d’injection d’électrons, par un effet d’écrantage des charges de polarisation aux parois
We investigate the structural and electronic properties of domain walls to achieve a better understanding of the conduction mechanisms in domain walls of lithium niobate and the polarity of domain walls in calcium titanate. In a first part, we discuss the interaction between defects and domain walls in lithium niobate. A dielectric resonance with a low activation energy is observed, which vanishes under thermal annealing in monodomain samples while it remains stable in periodically poled samples. Therefore we propose that domain walls stabilize polaronic states. We also report the evolution of Raman modes with increasing amount of magnesium in congruent lithium niobate. We identified specific frequency shifts of the modes at the domain walls. The domains walls appear then as spaces where polar defects are stabilized. In a second step, we use mirror electron microscopy (MEM) and low energy electron microscopy (LEEM) to characterize the domains and domain walls at the surface of magnesium-doped lithium niobate. We demonstrate that out of focus settings can be used to determine the domain polarization. At domain walls, a local stray, lateral electric field arising from different surface charge states is observed. In a second part, we investigate the polarity of domain walls in calcium titanate. We use resonant piezoelectric spectroscopy to detect elastic resonances induced by an electric field, which is interpreted as a piezoelectric response of the walls. A direct image of the domain walls in calcium titanate is also obtained by LEEM, showing a clear contrast in surface potential between domains and walls. This contrast is observed to change reversibly upon electron irradiation due to the screening of polarization charges at domain walls

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Badjeck, Vincent. „Etude par spectro-microscopie électronique d'aciers ODS non irradiés et implantés par hélium“. Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLS086.

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Des aciers renforcés par dispersion de nano-particules d'oxide de titane et d'yttrium (Y-Ti-O ODS), irradiés et non irradiés, ont été éxaminés par microscopie électronique en transmission à balayage couplée à la spectroscopie de perte d'énergie des électrons (STEM-EELS) pour étudier leurs structures chimiques et les effets des radiations. Des méthodes analytiques telles que l'analyse statistique multivariée (MVA) et l'ajustement de courbes sur les spectres EELS sont utilisées afin de réaliser une quantification élémentaire ou d'étudier les structures fines des seuils (ELNES). Les traitements MVA permettent d'extraire les réponses spectrales indépendantes des spectre-images (SI) pour mieux comprendre la distribution spatiale des états de valence des différentes expèces. L'observation de poudres d'ODS après le broyage (MA) montre que les nano-particules (NPs) précipitent durant le traitement thermique qui suit, (consolidation). Pour les échantillons consolidés et non irradiés, les particules de taille moyenne (> 3-4 nm) adoptent une structure pyrochlore imparfaite (Y2Ti2O7-d) avec une structure coeur-coquille (Y-Ti-O)-Cr complétée par une couche de Ti réduit également dépourvue en Y. Une ségrégation de Cr est également observée aux joints de grains. Le ratio O/Ti de 3.2 et la non homogénéité de la distance entre plans (222) est due à des défauts dans la structure de la particule, confirmant ainsi qu'elles présentent de nombreux défauts et sont non stoechiométriques. L'ICA nous permet de générer des cartes d'état de valence mais aussi d'extraire une réponse interfaciale Ti-Cr; à l'interface, les atomes Ti et Cr diffusent sur une distance de quelques Å. Pour les plus petites particules, nos résultats montrent qu'elles peuvent consister soit en une structure pyrochlore hautement déficiente en oxygène (Y2Ti2O6+d) soit en une structure chimique inconnue YaTibOc. Le ratio O/Ti diminue de 3-3.5 vers des valeurs inférieures à 1 pour des tailles allant de 4 à 1.8 nm. Les plus grandes particules (de quelques dizaines à quelques centaines de nm), des oxides et/ou nitrures Ti-O, N-Ti, Y-Ti-O ne représentent qu'une faible proportion du nombre total des NPs (< 1%). Pour étudier les effects des irradiations aux neutrons, un certain nombre d'échantillons ODS furent implantés avec des ions He+ et irradiés avec des ions Fe+. Après l'irradiation et l'implantation, une distribution homogène de bulles d'He à haute pression est observée ainsi que des déplétions, ségrégations et précipitations de Cr induites par irradiation (RID, RIS et RIP). Les bulles sont fréquemment observées piégées à l'interface NP-matrice, cependant elles sont aussi observées piégées par des dislocations, libres dans la matrice et aux joints de grains. Le seuil He-K (21.218 eV pour les atomes libres) se déplace vers des énergies plus hautes (ΔE = 0.5 à 4 eV); nous montrons que ce déplacement est corrélé avec la densité d'He. La quantification de l'He est réalisée à l'aide de trois méthodes différentes: différence spatiale, ajustement de courbes, MVA. Les valeurs de la densité et de la pression atteignent 100 nm-3 et 8 GPa respectivement. Cependant, avec des barres d'erreur pouvant atteindre 30%, les mesures de la pression sont plutôt semi-quantitatives. La méthode d'ajustement de courbes permet une cartographie de la position et de l'intensité du pic He-K et donc une cartographie de la densité pour des bulles individuelles. Les réponses spectrales de bulles individuelles peuvent être extraites d'un SI contenant plusieurs bulles à différentes densités en utilisant l'ICA ou l'analyse de la composante vertex (VCA). Nos mesures montrent que les bulles plus grandes que 4 nm sont sous préssurisées ou à l'équilibre avec la matrice Fe-Cr. En dessous de 3.5 nm, la pression de l'He augmente rapidement, correspondant à un état surpressurisé
Irradiated and non-irradiated (Y-Ti-O) oxide-dispersion-strengthened (ODS) steels are investigated by scanning transmission electron microscopy coupled with electron energy-loss spectroscopy (STEM-EELS) to study their chemical structure and the effects of radiation. Analytical methods such as multivariate statistical analysis (MVA) and EELS curve-fitting are carried out to achieve elemental quantification or study the edge fine structures (ELNES). Using MVA, the spectrum-images (SI) can be separated into independent spectral responses to gain insights into the valence state of various elements such as Ti or Cr. Investigations on post-mechanical-alloyed (MA) powders show that the nanoparticle (NP) precipitation occurs only after a further high-temperature treatment (consolidation). In non-irradiated consolidated samples, medium-sized NPs (> 3-4 nm) are found to adopt a Y2Ti2O7-d defective pyrochlore structure with a (Y-Ti-O)-Cr core-shell structure with a reduced-Ti layer also depleted in Y. Cr is also shown to segregate to the grain boundaries in non-irradiated samples. The measured O/Ti ratio of 3.2 found for medium-sized NPs and the observed non-homogeneity of the inter-reticular distance d222 through the particle is interpreted as being due to defects in the particles’ structure; it is indeed confirmed that Y2Ti2O7 medium-sized NPs in ODS steels present numerous defects and are non-stoichiometric. The Ti oxidation state is shown to vary from the centre of the NPs to their periphery from Ti4+ in distorted Oh symmetry to a valency often lower than 3+. Independent component analysis (ICA) allows us to generate bonding maps and extract a Ti-Cr interfacial response. An inter-diffusion of Ti and Cr atoms is observed at this interface. The smallest NPs present a different and ill-defined structure and interface with the Fe-Cr matrix. They either consist of a highly oxygen-deficient pyrochlore structure (Y2Ti2O6+d) or an unknown YaTibOc chemical structure. The O/Ti ratio decreases from 3-3.5 to below 1 for an NP size going from 4 to 1.8 nm. A few large particles (sized from tens to hundreds of nm) present a N-Ti-O or Ti-O chemistry but represent only a small percentage of all the NPs (< 1%). To study the neutron irradiation-induced changes, a number of ODS samples were implanted with He+ ions and irradiated with Fe+ ions. After irradiation, they display a homogeneous distribution of high-pressure He bubbles and radiation-induced Cr depletion, segregation and precipitation (RID, RIS and RIP). The He bubbles are frequently trapped at the NP-matrix interface, although bubbles can exist freely in the matrix, trapped by dislocations and at grain boundaries. The He-K line (21.218 eV for free atoms) shifts to higher energy in the bubbles (ΔE = 0.5 to 4 eV); this is shown to be correlated with the He density. He quantification is carried out with three different methods: spatial difference, curve-fitting and MVA. The density and pressure values are found to reach 100 nm-3 and 8 GPa respectively, although the pressure measurement is only semi-quantitative given that the error bars can reach 30%. The curve-fitting method allows us to map the He-K energy position and intensity, yielding the density, in individual bubbles. The spectral response of individual bubbles can be separated in an SI containing many bubbles at different densities using ICA or vertex component analysis (VCA). Bubbles larger than 4 nm are shown to be under-pressurized or at equilibrium with the Fe-Cr matrix. Below 3.5 nm, the He pressure is shown to increase markedly, passing into the over-pressurised regime

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Bücher zum Thema "Spectroscopies and electron microscopy"

B, Williams David. Transmission electron microscopy: A textbook for materials science. New York: Plenum, 1996.

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B, Williams David. Transmission electron microscopy: A textbook for materials science. New York: Plenum Press, 1996.

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Scottish, Universities Summer School in Physics (40th 1992 Dundee Scotland). Quantitative microbeam analysis: Proceedings of the Fortieth Scottish Universities Summer School in Physics, Dundee, August 1992. Bristol: The School, 1993.

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Kuo, John, Hrsg. Electron Microscopy. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-62703-776-1.

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Kuo, John, Hrsg. Electron Microscopy. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59745-294-6.

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Asia-Pacific Electron Microscopy Conference (5th 1992 Beijing, China). Electron microscopy. Herausgegeben von Kuo Kʻo-hsin und Zhai Z. H. Singapore: World Scientific, 1992.

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Hughes, H. P., und H. I. Starnberg, Hrsg. Electron Spectroscopies Applied to Low-Dimensional Materials. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/0-306-47126-4.

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Hughes, H. P., und H. I. Starnberg. Electron spectroscopies applied to low-dimensional structures. New York: Kluwer Academic, 2002.

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Dykstra, Michael J., und Laura E. Reuss. Biological Electron Microscopy. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9244-4.

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Dykstra, Michael J. Biological Electron Microscopy. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-0010-6.

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Buchteile zum Thema "Spectroscopies and electron microscopy"

Arenal, Raul, und Odile Stephan. „Local TEM Spectroscopic Studies on Carbon- and Boron Nitride-Based Nanomaterials“. In Advanced Transmission Electron Microscopy, 139–70. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-15177-9_5.

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Horiuchi, Shin. „Electron Microscopy for Visualization of Interfaces in Adhesion and Adhesive Bonding“. In Interfacial Phenomena in Adhesion and Adhesive Bonding, 17–112. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-4456-9_2.

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AbstractThis chapter provides an overview of electron microscopy techniques to investigate interfaces in polymeric materials and adhesive bonds. First, how the instruments of energy-filtering transmission electron microscopy (EFTEM), scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) work and are operated is briefly described. The principles of electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDX), which are spectroscopic techniques associated with these instruments, are described. Next, the specimen preparation techniques, such as ultramicrotomy, heavy metal staining, focused ion beam (FIB) fabrications, and replica method, which are essential for these electron microscopy tasks, are introduced. This chapter also reviews advanced electron microscopy techniques, such as STEM-EDX-tomography, chemical phase mapping using electron energy-loss near-edge structure (ELNES), and in situ tensile TEM. Numerous examples of the application of these techniques to various surfaces and interfaces present in polymer alloys and composites, crystalline polymers, adhesive bonds, and metal substrate surfaces are presented.

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Yang, J. C., S. Bradley, M. Yeadon und J. M. Gibson. „Nano-sized metal clusters investigated by a STEM-based mass spectroscopic technique“. In Electron Microscopy and Analysis 1997, 383–86. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003063056-99.

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Dresselhaus, G., und M. Laguës. „Electron Spectroscopies“. In Intercalation in Layered Materials, 271–90. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-5556-5_21.

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Weigold, Erich, und Ian E. McCarthy. „Comparison with Other Spectroscopies“. In Electron Momentum Spectroscopy, 231–51. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4779-2_8.

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Potthoff, Michael. „Theory of Electron Spectroscopies“. In Band-Ferromagnetism, 356–70. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-44610-9_22.

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Collini, M., L. D’Alfonso, M. Caccia, L. Sironi, M. Panzica, G. Chirico, I. Rivolta, B. Lettiero und G. Miserocchi. „In Vitro–In Vivo Fluctuation Spectroscopies“. In Optical Fluorescence Microscopy, 165–81. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-45849-5_10.

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Nölting, Bengt. „Electron microscopy“. In Methods in Modern Biophysics, 107–20. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-05367-6_6.

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Saka, S. „Electron Microscopy“. In Methods in Lignin Chemistry, 133–45. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-74065-7_10.

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Janssens, Koen. „Electron Microscopy“. In Modern Methods for Analysing Archaeological and Historical Glass, 129–54. Oxford, UK: John Wiley & Sons Ltd, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118314234.ch6.

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Konferenzberichte zum Thema "Spectroscopies and electron microscopy"

Tizei, Luiz. „Novel nanoscale IR-UV spectroscopies in an advanced electron microscope“. In European Microscopy Congress 2020. Royal Microscopical Society, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.22443/rms.emc2020.76.

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Lienau, Christoph. „Photon-induced near-field interaction in ultrafast low energy electron microscopy (Conference Presentation)“. In Enhanced Spectroscopies and Nanoimaging 2022, herausgegeben von Prabhat Verma und Yung Doug Suh. SPIE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2633290.

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Jannis, Daen. „SPECTROSCOPIC COINCIDENCE EXPERIMENTS IN TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY“. In European Microscopy Congress 2020. Royal Microscopical Society, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.22443/rms.emc2020.993.

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Small, G. J., N. R. S. Reddy und R. Jankowiak. „High Pressure Hole-Burning Studies of Transport Dynamics in Photosynthetic Protein Complex“. In Spectral Hole-Burning and Related Spectroscopies: Science and Applications. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/shbs.1994.thd2.

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Hole burning spectroscopies have proven to be powerful tools for the elucidation of the excited state (Qy) electronic structure and transport (energy, charge) dynamics of photosynthetic protein-chlorophyll complexes.1-3 Furthermore, hole burning has proven that such complexes are glass-like on a microscopic scale, which results in inhomogeneous broadenings of ~50-150 cm-1 (ΓI) for the Qy←S0 Chi absorption transitions. Importantly, it has also been shown that the zero-phonon line (ZPL) frequency distribution functions for different Qy-states of the same complex are uncorrelated, meaning that the widths of the distribution functions for energy gaps relevant to energy and electron transfer are ~21/2 ΓI. This raises the possibility that the kinetics for transport could be dispersive.4 Whether or not they are turns out to be dependent on the .strength of the electron-phonon coupling associated with the transport process. Fortunately, hole burning has proven to be capable of characterizing the nature and strength of this coupling. Required was the development of an accurate theory for entire hole profile (zero-phonon hole [ZPH] plus phonon sideband holes) applicable for arbitrarily strong electron-phonon coupling in the low temperature limit. More recently, this theory5 has been extended to arbitrary temperature.6 A key point is that the ZPH is only one small part of the entire profile. It is the entire hole profile that is important to the problem of transport dynamics in the photosynthetic unit. Thus it is that single molecule (complex) detection would be of little consequence to the problem of energy and electron transfer.

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Allen, L. J., A. J. D∕Alfonso, S. D. Findlay, M. P. Oxley, M. Bosman, V. J. Keast, E. C. Cosgriff et al. „Theoretical interpretation of electron energy-loss spectroscopic images“. In ELECTRON MICROSCOPY AND MULTISCALE MODELING- EMMM-2007: An International Conference. AIP, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2918115.

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Shinn, Neal D. „Adsorbate Interactions and Poisoning on Cr(110)“. In Microphysics of Surfaces, Beams, and Adsorbates. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/msba.1987.wc6.

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The chemisorption of carbon monoxide and oxygen on Cr(110) at temperatures below 150K has been studied using photoemission, vibrational and Auger spectroscopies, and low energy electron diffraction (LEED). Direct evidence for co-adsorbate interactions which induce changes in the (1) molecular CO bonding to the chromium surface and (2) the CO dissociation energetics has been found. This work provides a microscopic picture of the "poisoning" of the Cr(110) surface for CO dissociation by electronegative oxygen atoms.

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Duncan, Walter M. „Near Field Optical Microscopy and Spectroscopy for Ultra Large Scale Integrated Circuits“. In Chemistry and Physics of Small-Scale Structures. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cps.1997.csuc.3.

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Increases in density of integration and concomitant reductions in minimum feature size have driven requirements for spatial resolution in analytical and metrological instrumentation for microelectronic structures to well below the limit set by far field diffraction of visible light. With the exception of scanned probe microscopy, analytical and metrological instruments with spatial resolutions adequate for the current generation of complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) structures all rely on ion or electron methods. Conventional ion or electron based methods are destructive and instrumentation has a high cost of ownership. Hence it is the goal of our work to develop nondestructive near field scanning optical microscopy/spectroscopy (NSOM/S) instrumentation and applications as an alternative to electron and ion methods. Imaging capabilities of near field scanning optical microscopy approach 0.02 µm and combined with spectroscopic analysis potentially provides chemical analysis of defects, particles, and thin films with ultra high spatial resolution.

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Levy, J., V. Nikitin, J. M. Kikkawa, D. D. Awschalom, R. Garcia und N. Samarath. „Femtosecond Near-field Spin Spectroscopy in Digital Magnetic Heterostructures“. In Quantum Optoelectronics. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/qo.1995.qwa1.

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The nature of electronic spin-scattering is central to a wide class of condensed matter systems, ranging from semiconductor quantum wells, magnetic multilayers and granular materials, high-Tc superconductors, Kondo insulators, and magnetic semiconductor quantum structures. The latter class of systems is particularly appealing because one can tailor both the electronic and magnetic properties using MBE techniques. Time-resolved spectroscopies allow one to probe both the electronic and magnetic dynamics within ultrafast timescales, but spatial information is typically diffraction-limited to the wavelength of light. Near-field scanning optical microscopy (NSOM) [1] overcomes this limit, and when combined with femtosecond time resolution and polarization analysis, provides direct information regarding carrier and spin dynamics in both space and time.

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Schade, Wolfgang, David L. Osborn, Jan Preusser und Stephen R. Leone. „Spectroscopic Characterization of Semiconductor Surface Impurities by Near-Field Scanning Optical Microscopy“. In Laser Applications to Chemical and Environmental Analysis. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/lacea.1998.ltub.2.

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Near-field scanning optical microscopy (NSOM) is a very promising tool for the characterization of optical and optoelectronic properties of semiconductors and other devices at the nanometer scale [1]. Defect and impurity characterization of surfaces and interfaces is an important field in semiconductor physics. Since these materials are opaque in the visible spectral range, transmission contrast mechanisms which are most common for NSOM can not be applied in these investigations. However, near-field photocurrent (NPC) is a very attractive method for studying surface characteristics of optoelectronic devices [2,3]. The near-field laser light illumination excites electron-hole pairs directly under the fiber tip in the semiconductor material. These photoexcited carriers are collected by p-n junctions and result in a photocurrent that can be measured accurately by lock-in techniques, while moving the sample or the fiber tip to measure images.

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Yarmolenko, Sergey, Kristofer Gordon, Brandon Hancock, Vladislav Kharton und Jag Sankar. „Characterization of (La0.9Sr0.1)0.95Cr0.85Mg0.10Ni0.05O3−δ Ceramics for Perovskite Related Membrane Reactor“. In ASME 2007 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2007-43845.

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(La0.9Sr0.1)0.95Cr0.85Mg0.10Ni0.05O3 (LSCMN) ceramics sintered at temperatures 1100–1700°C in air were characterized using powder x-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and inductively-coupled plasma spectroscopic analysis. Pervoskite ceramics with the highest density (porosity between 2–5%) were sintered at 1650°C for 24 hours. Secondary phases at a level of 3–5% porousity have been detected in the LSCMN initial powder received and sintered samples. LSCMN initial powder and ceramics exist in orthorhombic phase at room temperature and exhibits a first order phase transition into rhombohedral phase in the temperature range 70–95°C. Temperature of phase transition depends on grain size. Hardness and fracture toughness of LSCMN were studied by nanoindentation and microindentation methods. At low indentation depths hardness values depend significantly on the number of grains effected by the indent and crack formation. Indentation size effect was quantified in terms of Nix-Feng and power-low models. At high loads the apparent hardness is almost two times less than hardness of LSCMN monocrystalls.

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Berichte der Organisationen zum Thema "Spectroscopies and electron microscopy"

Bentley, J. (Future of electron microscopy). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), Oktober 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5651701.

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Weber, Peter M. Time-Resolved Scanning Electron Microscopy. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, Juni 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada455461.

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Binev, Peter, Wolfgang Dahmen, Ronald DeVore, Philipp Lamby, Daniel Savu und Robert Sharpley. Compressed Sensing and Electron Microscopy. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, Januar 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada560915.

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Allard, L., und T. Nolan. (Concepts for future developments in electron microscopy). [Concept for Future Development in Electron Microscopy]. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6959950.

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Durr, Hermann. Ultrafast Science Opportunities with Electron Microscopy. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1249382.

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Lyman, C. Analytical electron microscopy of catalyst preparations. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), Januar 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6990056.

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Harris, Christopher. Open Reproducible Electron Microscopy Data Analysis. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), März 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1847929.

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Sickafus, Kurt. History of Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), Juni 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/2372668.

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Mitchell, T. E., H. H. Kung, K. E. Sickafus, G. T. III Gray, R. D. Field und J. F. Smith. High-resolution electron microscopy of advanced materials. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/548622.

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Taylor, J. R. Improved methods for high resolution electron microscopy. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5644034.

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