Dissertationen zum Thema „Spectroscopie photothermique“
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Berthet, Olivier. „Effet photothermique appliqué à la pyrométrie optique“. Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987ECAP0040.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleROLLAT-BOUDALIA, NOURIA. „Application de la spectroscopie de deviation photothermique a l'etude des interfaces“. Paris 6, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA066511.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleRollat, Nouria. „Application de la spectroscopie de déviation photothermique à l'étude des interfaces“. Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376182482.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLoarer, Thierry. „Mesure de température de surface par effet photothermique modulé ou impulsionnel“. Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989ECAP0114.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMaurin, Eric. „Application de la spectroscopie photothermique à détection mirage à l'étude de l'interface électrolyte“. Bordeaux 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987BOR10630.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAbbas, Ghaleb Khalil. „La spectrométrie photothermique comme technique de microdétection : caractéristiques, mode d'excitation, possibilité d'intégration dans un microsystème“. Lyon 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005LYO10209.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBerciaud, Stéphane. „Détection photothermique et spectroscopie d'absorption de nano-objets individuels : nanoparticules métalliques, nanocristaux semiconducteurs, et nanotubes de carbone“. Bordeaux 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006BOR13278.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMaurin, Eric. „Application de la spectroscopie photothermique à détection mirage à l'étude de l'interface électrode-électrolyte“. Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376078635.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleFischer, Marc. „Mise en œuvre, étalonnage et évaluation de la spectrométrie photothermique pour l'étude de solutions de rhodamine 6G“. Lyon 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LYO10291.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBerciaud, Stéphane. „Détection photothermique et spectroscopie d'absoption de nano-objets individuels: nanoparticules métalliques, nanocristaux semiconducteurs, et nanotubes de carbone“. Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00123471.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleHétérodyne (PHI). Cette nouvelle méthode optique en champ lointain permet de détecter une
grande variété de nano-objets individuels absorbants (nanoparticules métalliques jusqu'à 1.4 nm
de diamètre, nanocristaux semiconducteurs, nanotubes de carbone métalliques et semiconducteurs,.
. .), sur un fond « noir », avec un très bon rapport signal à bruit. Le signal photothermique
a été caractérisé expérimentalement sur des nanoparticules d'or individuelles. Les mesures obtenues
sont comparées à des calculs analytiques issus d'un modèle électrodynamique. Etant donné
que ce signal est directement proportionnel à la puissance absorbée, la méthode PHI ouvre la
voie à des expériences de spectroscopie d'absorption à l'échelle du nano-objet individuel. Dans
un premier temps, nous avons sondé la résonance plasmon de surface de nanoparticules d'or
individuelles de 5 à 33 nm de diamètre. Cette étude a abouti à l'observation d'effets de taille
intrinsèques, analysés dans le cadre de la théorie de Mie. Nous avons ensuite mesuré les spectres
d'absorption de nanocristaux individuels de CdSe en régime multiexcitonique. Pour un même
nanocristal, la comparaison des spectres d'absorption photothermique et d'émission permet de
discuter l'origine physique du signal photothermique. Enfin, nous avons caractérisé la structure
de nanotubes de carbone semiconducteurs et métalliques individuels en analysant leurs spectres
d'absorption autour de leurs premières résonances optiques.
Jumel, Julien. „Microscopie photothermique : application à la caractérisation des propriétés thermoélastiques microscopiques de composites Carbone/Carbone et des barrières thermiques“. Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 2003. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-02113516/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleTwo photothermal microScopy techniques are presented, which are devoted to the local material therit~o elastic properties measurement. Here, we focus on thermal barrier coatings for turbine blades and carbon/carbon composites. In the first part, photoreflectance technique is used for local thermal properties characterization of carbon fibres and matrix so as heterogeneous media (thin coating and functionally graded materials). Theoretical development required for experimental results analysis are presented so as results of numerous experimental data. The second part deals with interferometric photothermal microscopy technique. Once th e experimental set up is described, the photothermal signal origin is analysed to point out several experimental artefacts which can be partially experimental removed. This technique is used for thermal diffusivity measurement of an A1PdMn quasicristal so as the elastic anisotropy and crystallographic orientation of AMI single cristal
Stenger, Ingrid. „Etude des propriétés optiques de nanoparticules de silicium et de leur interface avec une matrice de silice par ellipsométrie et spectroscopie de déflexion photothermique“. Paris 6, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA066411.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMotel-Absil, Emilie. „Imagerie et spectroscopie de nanoparticules d’or en microscopie optique plein champ“. Paris 6, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA066663.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLe, Blanc François. „Etude des proprietes optiques de dispositifs photovoltaiques a base de silicium amorphe par spectroscopie de deflexion photothermique, diffusometrie, et simulation numerique“. Paris 11, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA112445.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePinto, Davide. „Novel Developments in Photothermal Interferometry and Long-Wavelength Quantum Cascade Lasers for Gas Sensing“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Montpellier (2022-....), 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UMONS002.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe monitoring of gaseous compounds in trace concentrations is crucial across various fields, from industry to biology. Continuous improvement of gas sensors is essential to meet diverse application requirements. Optical sensors stand out for their fast and accurate results. Among these, laser-based sensors offer unprecedented sensitivity and selectivity. Over the past few decades, quantum cascade laser (QCL) technology has demonstrated significant progress that can be exploited in spectroscopy.This thesis presents advancements in both photothermal spectroscopy and QCL sources. The first part of the work is devoted to photothermal interferometry, an indirect method in which thermal effects, photoinduced in the sample by the excitation source, are detected with an interferometric readout of a probe laser. This approach enables small sensing volumes and high sensitivity which scales with optical power of the excitation source. This work makes use of the Fabry-Pérot Interferometer (FPI), since it offers compactness, due to the close mirror spacing, and high sensitivity. For real-case scenarios, two fundamental requirements must be fulfilled: spatial overlapping of the probe and excitation beams, between the mirrors of the FPI, and frequency tuning of the probe laser to the interferometric fringe. A diode laser (DL) source has been chosen as probe, for its cost-effectiveness, swift current tuning capabilities, and mature technology in the telecom region.A model for the transduction properties of a DL coupled with the FPI in presence of sample excitation was derived. The model agreed with the experimental results, tested on the case of nitric oxide detection. A novel normalization scheme and locking method were developed for a stable signal readout, compensating for system’s drifts by self-referencing the measurement to the cavity quality. Detection limits of few parts-per-million were achieved, leading to normalized noise equivalent absorptions on the order -10-6 W cm-1 Hz-1/2.The second part of this manuscript is focused on the long-wavelength (LW) QCL technology, based on the InAs/AlSb material system. The LW regime (λ > 10 μm) plays a pivotal role for the detection of targeted organic compounds since they exhibit strong absorptions between 12.5 – 15 μm. Tapered QCLs emitting near 14 µm were fabricated for this purpose. The tapered waveguide aims at improving the available optical power by enhancing the active volume in the resonant cavity. Tapered lasers with angles between 0° and 3° were fabricated and compared in terms of optical and electrical properties. A scaling of the optical power was observed with respect to the ridge device, up to a factor of 3 for the largest taper. Far-field intensity distribution was investigated to assess the beam quality factor. In most cases, a diffraction-limited beam was observed. Thin dielectric coatings were also deposited on the laser facets to improve the outcoupled optical power. Spectroscopic applications usually require single-frequency operation, which was demonstrated for all the tapered devices by fabrication of Bragg gratings in the upper cladding. Side-mode suppression ratio above 20 dB, in both pulsed and continuous wave operation, has been achieved. Finally, the potential of long-wavelength QCLs for spectroscopic applications was explored in the context of classical absorption, in combination with a multi-pass cell for the detection of benzene, acetylene and carbon dioxide
Hermosilla-Lara, Sébastien. „Amélioration d'une caméra photothermique par traitements d'images adaptés à la détection de fissures débouchantes“. Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002DENS0042.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLESAINT, VINCENT. „Contribution a l'etude de l'hydrogenation d'alliages amorphes sisn co-evapores en couches minces par spectrophotometrie visible et infra-rouge et par spectroscopie de deflexion photothermique“. Paris 7, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA077245.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleOcteau, Vivien. „Microscopie de nano-objets individuels : étude de la diffusion des intégrines dans les sites d'adhésion focales de cellules vivantes“. Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010BOR14047/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGold nanoparticles may be detected with optical far-field microscopy by use of the photothermal effect due to their strong light absorbance. With no photophysic issues, gold nanoparticles are an alternative to fluorescent probes for use in biological systems. The PhACS method (Photothermal Absorption Correlation Spectroscopy) is used to study diffusion by measuring the autocorrelation of photothermal signal fluctuations due to nanoparticles passing through the detection volume. This method is sensitive enough to mesure the precise hydrodynamic diameter of functionalised nanoparticles. The SnaPT method (Single Nano-Particle Tracking) can track 2-dimensional motion of individual nanoparticles by pinpointing the localization with a triangulation method. The SNaPT method was used to study motion of alphaV-beta3 integrins that were bound to a 5 nm gold nanoparticle inside focal adhesion, where the cell cytoskeleton is linked to the extracullular matrix. The integrin was found to organize into clusters oscillating between the bound and diffuse states. These observations require new working models where integrins would be constantly redistributed
Mayet, Céline. „Spectromicroscopie infrarouge à l'échelle nanométrique : Application à l'étude d'objets biologiques“. Paris 11, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA112272.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleInfrared spectromicroscopy is an extremely powerful analytical technique able both to characterize chemical compounds by their absorption bands and to locate them spatially through a microscope. The AFMIR facility (Atomic Force Microscope InfraRed) is a new and original technique of sub-wavelength infrared spectromicroscopy that combines a tunable pulsed infrared laser and an atomic force microscope (AFM). By using the photothermal effect, it allows the experimenter to do « ultra local» infrared spectroscopy and to achieve chemical mappings with a very good lateral resolution (a few tens of nanometers). During this thesis, a modeling work was conducted to estimate the spatial resolution of the AFMIR technique and to understand all involved physical phenomenons. Parallel to this theoretical study, a stage of instrumental development was necessary to adapt the facility to studies in liquid medium and to allow analysis of live biological samples. Finally, three scientific questions were addressed: infection of the bacterium Escherichia coli by the phage T5, production of the polymer PHB by the bacterium Rhodobacter capsulatus and identification of the organelle target for a hormone in a hormone independente breast cancer cellline. All results were confirmed with measurements by transmission electron microscopy and conventional infrared absorption spectroscopy. The AFMIR technique is now operational to be offered to other researchers in the field of biology
Faes, Romain. „Nanotubes de carbonne ultracourts pour la bioimagerie“. Thesis, Bordeaux, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BORD0035/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis reports the achievement of ultrashort carbon nanotubes and their biofunctionalization for applications as near-infrared biomarker. Dispersions of carbon nanotubes in aqueous media have been formulated with various surfactants. Oxidizing chemical treatments combined with the application of ultrasounds allowed significant shortening of the carbon nanotubes. Sorting and selection of the shortest nanotubes was done by density gradient ultracentrifugation. The different fractions selected at the end of this process have been characterized by Raman spectroscopy, UV-vis absorption spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy. Selection of nanotubes of a length below 20 nm is demonstrated. We also show functionalization by antibodies and the visualization of ultrashort functionalized nanotubes by photothermal heterodyne imaging. Promising results were obtained with the specific binding of ultrashort carbon nanotubes to cells. This work open route towards bioimaging applications and in particular towards the study of the synapsis plasticity within alive neurons
Boulerouah, Aoumeur. „Propriétés thermiques et électriques de composites à base de nanotubes de carbone et application à la détection de gaz“. Phd thesis, Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00827011.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLasne, David. „Microscopie de nano-objets individuels pour la neurobiologie“. Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00258911.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleOudjedi, Laura. „Méthodes d’absorption pour la microscopie de nano-objets Individuels“. Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012BOR14729/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAbsorption methods can overcome the limited photostability of luminescent nano-objects and allow for detection of non-luminescent ones, making it a desirable alternative to commonly used fluorescence microscopy for single particle detection. During this project, we optimized the sensitivity of existing absorption based methods and developed their use for quantitative applications. Photothermal heterodyne microscopy is a highly sensitive, “background-free” detection method that can be applied to a large variety of individual absorbing nano-objects. We implement a new version of this technique that enhances the photothermal response of single gold nanoparticles by using a phase transition in their surrounding environment. Compared to a standard medium, we demonstrate a 10 fold enhancement of the signal to noise ratio. On the other hand, for measurement of the absorption cross section of small, and high aspect ratio nano-objects, such as carbon nanotubes, direct detection is more quantitative. In pursuit of this goal, we developed an optimized modulated absorption method and used it to directly measure the absolute absorption cross section of (6,5) carbon nanotubes for the first time. Finally, we set up a protocol to prepare ultrashort carbon nanotubes and sort them by length. As they exhibit strong optical resonances in the near infrared corresponding to a transparency window in biological tissues, they will be useful as photothermally detected biological probes. These nanotubes were characterized spectroscopically, and by optical and atomic force microscopy
Cavatore, Etienne. „Microscopie optique appliquée à la micro-manipulation par pinces magnétiques à haute résolution et à la visualisation de nano-objets métalliques“. Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00627431.
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