Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema „Spanish literature outside of Spain“
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Schlumpf, Sandra. „African languages and Spanish among Equatoguineans in Madrid“. Spanish in Context 17, Nr. 1 (03.06.2020): 108–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/sic.18020.sch.
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Abstract Equatoguinean immigrants in Madrid constitute an often-overlooked group in Spanish society and in the Spanish-speaking world in general, despite the facts that Equatorial Guinea was a Spanish colony until 1968 and the Equatoguinean community in Spain is the largest outside Guinea. This paper analyzes the use of African languages and Spanish among Equatoguineans in Madrid: Do they maintain their African languages in Spain? When do they use them, and what is their significance? What connection do the interviewees observe between the use of African languages and the proficiency of Spanish spoken by different Equatoguinean ethnic groups? The results are based on ten semi-directed, sociolinguistic interviews, which occurred in Madrid in 2017 with Equatoguineans of two ethnic groups: Bubi and Fang. They show the importance of relating data to the contemporary as well as historical sociopolitical and cultural circumstances of Equatorial Guinea.
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Strnadová, Karolína. „Překlady české literatury v Mexiku: příběhy geneze překladu z pohledu překladatelů“. AUC PHILOLOGICA 2021, Nr. 2 (16.11.2022): 87–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.14712/24646830.2021.25.
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This paper presents the particularities of translations of Czech literature into Spanish published in Mexico and focuses on the role of the translator in the translation-publishing process and on the genesis of a translation. The first aim is to discuss the particularities of literary translation from Czech into Spanish in relation to the book market in Spanish-speaking countries and to draw attention to the role of Spain and the different contexts of translation production outside this country. The second objective of this paper is to give voice to the five interviewed translators and, with the help of the obtained material and their statements, to interpret the relevant particularities of translation-publishing process on the axis author – original – translator – publisher – translation – reader. The main part of the paper consists of individual testimonies of contemporary translators whose Spanish translations of one or more Czech literary titles were published in Mexico. The testimonies, obtained by the method of interview, brought a new insight into the topic of Mexican translations of Czech literature and valuable information on the circumstances of a particular translation work’s genesis. The source of the presented results and the quoted translators’ statements is the research by Strnadová (2021) presented in the rigorosum thesis Translations of Czech Literature in Mexico, taking into account the Czech translations of Mexican literature.
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Vilanova, Anna, Susanna Soler und Eric Anderson. „Examining the experiences of the first openly gay male team sport athlete in Spain“. International Review for the Sociology of Sport 55, Nr. 1 (04.07.2018): 22–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1012690218780860.
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Spanish sports literature is devoid of studies investigating the voices of gay athletes. Using semi-structured interviews, the purpose of this research was to examine the contextually relevant experiences of the first-ever openly gay elite athlete in a Spanish team sport context. Our investigation covers multiple personal and institutional layers of the sporting complex, which are analysed in three ways: (a) using Troiden’s notions of identity; (b) using Anderson’s Inclusive Masculinity Theory; and (c) using McCormack’s theory of gay discourse. Our findings reveal that coming out was a more positive experience than the athlete had expected. He experienced inclusivity from his teammates, trainers, managers and supporters. There was no physical aggression or verbal harassment. He did, however, frequently hear antigay language spoken, which he reported as not being homophobic. Our findings provide one of the few examinations of this topic outside of the USA.
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Bernstein, Charles. „Cento“. boundary 2 48, Nr. 4 (01.11.2021): 15–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/01903659-9382046.
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Abstract A roundup of Charles Bernstein's interviews outside the US: (1) “Interview with Romina Freschi” (Argentina, 2005), previously published only in Spanish; (2) “Frequently Unasked Questions,” with Versatorium (Austria, 2011), previously published only in German in Der Standard; (3) “Interview with Philip Davenport” (England, 2012), focusing on the marginalization of radical formal poetry in the US versus the UK; (4) “Interview with Maurizio Medo” (Peru, 2014), previously published only in Spanish, focusing on the importance of Cage and Mac Low and the problems with the designations “experimental,” “representative,” and “failed”; (5) “Interview with Alcir Pécora and Régis Bonvicino” (Brazil, 2014), on the “infranatural” and echopoetics; (6) “Indigo: Interview with Paata Shamugia” (Georgia, 2016); (7) “Project Transcreation Interview with Runa Bandyopadhyay” (India, 2019); (8) “Interview by Habib Tengour in Pour ainsi dire,” a collection of Bernstein poems translated by Tengour (Algeria, 2019), previously published only in French; (9) “Interview with Mariano Peyrou” (Spain, 2020), previously published only in Spanish in El Mundo.
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Gómez Campos, Manuel. „La evolución de la literatura francófona femenina maliense contemporánea y su recepción en España“. Estudios Franco-Alemanes. Revista internacional de Traducción y Filología 11 (30.12.2019): 75–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.21071/estfa.v11i.15880.
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La literatura francófona femenina maliense se ha convertido en una de las literaturas más importantes y representativas del continente africano, en concreto del África occidental, puesto que en ella encontramos autoras que representan al país por todo el mundo y que han conseguido numerosos premios y reconocimientos, tanto fuera como dentro del mismo. En nuestro trabajo, pretendemos reflejar las autoras existentes y analizar la recepción que han tenido en España, con el objetivo de estudiar el alcance de esta literatura a través del análisis de la traducción de su obra al español.
French-speaking women's literature in Mali has become one of the most important in the African continent, particularly in West Africa, since it includes authors who represent the country all over the world and who have won numerous prizes and recognition both inside and outside the country. In our work we intend to reflect the existing authors and analyze the reception they have had in Spain, with the aim of analyzing the arrival of this literature and its translation into Spanish.
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Schreckenberg, Stefan. „Das ›Goldene Zeitalter‹ im modernen Spanien“. Volume 60 · 2019 60, Nr. 1 (14.11.2019): 255–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3790/ljb.60.1.255.
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Speaking of a ›Golden Age‹ or a Siglo de Oro in reference to Spanish history, culture and literature transforms an ancient myth into a historiographical concept, which seems rather problematical, even contradictory, and at the same time, seen in a wider European context, exceptional. Nevertheless, the Siglo de Oro is still being used not only as a key term in contemporary academic works – inside and outside Spain – on the Early Modern period, but also as a highly controversial idea in political and ideological debates, especially on behalf of what may or may not be Spanish identity. This article seeks to give a brief overview of the discussions that try to define the concept of the Siglo de Oro and to present the literary canon as well as the ideological implications linked to it. Starting in the aftermath of the epoch itself, in other words the 18th century, it focuses on the convergence of the political and aesthetical discussions that oppose the ›Two Spains‹ during the 20th century in terms of how to choose and interpret their ›classics‹. Finally, it tries to give a (necessarily incomplete) view on the actual situation, where the Golden Age myth still interferes not only in literary but also in socio-political debates.
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Rodriguez-Modroño, Paula. „Youth unemployment, NEETs and structural inequality in Spain“. International Journal of Manpower 40, Nr. 3 (03.06.2019): 433–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijm-03-2018-0098.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to apply an intersectional analysis to assess the impact of structural factors on the risk of being a NEET for youth in Spain. The author study if inequalities have changed after the economic crisis, once youth policies designed to improve the Spanish school-to-work transition (SWT) system were implemented. Design/methodology/approach Drawing on microdata from the Spanish Survey on Income and Living Conditions, the paper compares the probability of becoming not in employment, education or training (NEET) of young men and women born inside or outside Spain and living in different types of households. Findings Although unemployment rates have improved since the end of the crisis, the situation regarding youth employment, poverty and inequalities remains challenging. Gender and other structural differences are usually ignored in policy debates and in the measures adopted to fight youth unemployment, leading to the persistance of inequalities. Research limitations/implications The analysis illustrates new lines and trajectories in the segmentation of youth labor markets along the lines of gender, household and country of origin. Practical implications The findings highlight the need for introducing an analysis of the different sources of vulnerability in policy designs in order to promote a real and sustainable change in SWTs. Originality/value The contribution of this research to the literature on NEET and SWT is to introduce a framework that allows for the intersectional analysis of gender and other structural inequalities.
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Plaza Plaza, Antonio. „La literatura en la Segunda República. Una revisión historiográfica de la producción investigadora y la edición literaria (2000-2014)“. REVISTA DE HISTORIOGRAFÍA (RevHisto) 29 (20.09.2018): 161. http://dx.doi.org/10.20318/revhisto.2018.4234.
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Resumen: La historiografía sobre la cultura republicana entre 2000 y 2014 ha alcanzado un importante nivel, un trabajo realizado especialmente desde las universidades y centros de investigación. En este periodo han sido abundantes las obras editadas sobre la cultura republicana. Por imposición de la censura franquista, la mayoría de la literatura producida por los escritores republicanos se publicó en el exilio. La reedición de parte de esa obra, escasamente difundida o inédita ha permitido recuperar en los últimos quince años una parte de nuestro pasado cultural reciente, que permanecía oculto u olvidado, en relación a la literatura, el pensamiento y el arte producidos fuera de España por quienes defendieron la causa republicana en el exilio posterior a 1939.Palabras clave: literatura, cultura republicana, exilio, congreso.Abstract: Between 2000 and 2014 the historiography of the Second Spanish Republic’s cultural manifestations reached a remarkable level. This was mostly thanks to academic research and remains reflected in a vast number of published works. Under the censorship of Franco’s regime, most Republican writers published their works in exile. Many of those works have been reprinted over the last fifteen years, uncovering a part of Spanish recent cultural past that had otherwise remained forgotten and hidden. Art, literature and thought produced or developed outside of Spain by those who defended the Republican cause after 1939 had until recently been condemned to silence.Key words: literature, republican culture, exile, congress.
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Di Camillo, Ottavio. „Interpretations of the Renaissance in Spanish Historical Thought: The Last Thirty Years“. Renaissance Quarterly 49, Nr. 2 (1996): 360–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2863162.
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In the decades immediately following the Spanish Civil War, the question of the Renaissance, which had never attracted much scholarly attention even before the war, almost completely disappeared from consideration in Spanish historical thought. Concerned with seeking a psycho-historical explanation of the catastrophic event which had shattered the political and social fabric of their society, historians turned more than ever to the Middle Ages in search of those peculiar strains that presumably shaped the national character and which in turn would provide an answer to past and present events. The reappearance of this romantic search for the elusive “popular spirit” of the nation was nowhere more evident than in the teachings of two major historians who from their exile in the Americas were to exert for quite some time an exorbitant influence on a new generation of scholars both within and outside of Spain.
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HERNÀNDEZ-GRANDE, ALÍCIA. „Stumbling over History: Stolpersteine and the Performance of Memory in Spain's Streets“. Theatre Research International 45, Nr. 1 (28.02.2020): 4–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0307883319000555.
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The Stolpersteine (‘stumbling stones’) memorial project commemorates victims of Nazi violence and the Holocaust through an individual marker installed outside the last willing residence before deportation and execution. The Stolpersteine project has spread throughout Europe, providing an urban topography of sites where traumatic events occurred. Because Stolpersteine are placed in public streets, they create performance possibilities, inviting passing pedestrians to engage in past history and trauma. As the project grows throughout Europe, however, the universality of the stones abuts with the specificity of local history and memory. This article considers the Stolpersteine installed in the Catalan city of Manresa. These stones, representing twenty-eight Spanish Republicans who were interned at the Mauthausen-Gusen concentration camp, are framed by a Catalan-language audio guide that directly points to the collaboration of the Francisco Franco dictatorship with Nazi Germany. In so doing, the stones in Spain also stand for violence meted out during the Spanish Civil War and the Franco dictatorship.
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Ibargoyen-Roteta, Nora, Leonor Varela-Lema, Iñaki Gutiérrez-Ibarluzea, Gaizka Benguria-Arrate, Elena Baños, Gerardo Atienza-Merino, Iñaki Martin et al. „OP86 Identifying Surgical Procedures Of Low Or No-Added Value In Spain“. International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 33, S1 (2017): 39–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266462317001623.
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INTRODUCTION:There is an increasing interest in divesting activities, giving rise to several initiatives both academic and governmental to identify and address one of the problems of health systems. In 2013 the Spanish Atlas of Variability in Clinical Practice (VPM) in collaboration with the Spanish Network of Health Technology Assessment (HTA) Agencies started a project with the purpose of providing elements to support a national strategy aimed at minimizing the use of doubtful procedures in the Spanish National Health System (1).METHODS:The identification, selection and definition of low added value procedures and the determination of the most cost-effective alternatives were carried out jointly between the AtlasVPM group and the HTA agencies of Andalusia (AETSA), Catalonia (AQUAS), Galicia (Avalia-t), Basque Country (Osteba), Madrid (UETS) and Aragon (IACS). The process consisted of the following phases: (i) Literature review; (ii) Preliminary list of procedures of dubious value; (iii) Analysis of feasibility and construction of the indicators (variability); and (iv) Empirical validation of the defined indicators. Different lists and sources of evidence were used to identify the procedures and evidence that support their low-value.RESULTS:The synthesis of the evidence gave rise to an initial list of fifty-nine procedures of doubtful value that could be classified as: obsolete or outdated procedures in comparison to more effective / cost-effective alternatives (n = 31), procedures of doubtful value when used outside their main indication (n = 17) and procedures for which the evidence around effectiveness was still insufficient (n = 11). With the advice of clinical experts and coders, the original list was reduced to seventeen procedures and after some adjustments to thirteen.CONCLUSIONS:Identifying procedures of low-added value is a complex task and is context dependent. Literature could be useful to identify a preliminary list but the analysis of the clinical practice, its variability and reasons that justify it are required to determine which procedures are good candidates for disinvestment.
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Wunder, Amanda. „Women’s Fashions and Politics in Seventeenth-Century Spain: The Rise and Fall of theGuardainfante*“. Renaissance Quarterly 68, Nr. 1 (2015): 133–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/681310.
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AbstractWomen’s clothes were at the center of political debate in the Spain of Philip IV (r. 1621–65), and no garment inspired more controversy than the wide-hipped farthingale, or hoopskirt, known as theguardainfante. Considered scandalous with its reputation for hiding illicit pregnancies, theguardainfantewas banned in 1639. Nonetheless, theguardainfantebecame more popular than ever and turned into an enduring icon of Golden Age Spain during the reign of Philip’s second queen, Mariana of Austria (1649–65). Despite theguardainfante’s high level of visibility, most notably in court portraits by Diego Velázquez, very little is known about the historical experiences of the women who wore it. This article demonstrates that real women really did wear theguardainfantein a variety of contexts outside of portraiture and the theater. In Madrid and in cities throughout the Spanish empire, women of different stations and convictions participated in the political culture of their times by making, disseminating, and debating this controversial garment.
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Graham, Aaron, und Michael Paul Martoccio. „Provisions, Passports and the Problems of International Warfare in Early Eighteenth-Century Northern Italy: A Micro-Historical Study“. European History Quarterly 53, Nr. 2 (April 2023): 316–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/02656914231163087.
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The relationship between the rise of the modern European state and military resource mobilization has been studied either through the capacity of Europe's fiscal-military states to mobilize war-making resources internally or the continued importance of private, non-state contractors to fund, recruit and supply armies. Missing from this literature is an understanding of how military contractors acquired supplies outside of national borders as well as the sorts of diplomatic and personal connections these contractors drew upon to move war goods across multiple jurisdictions for hundreds of miles. This article adopts a micro-historical approach to the history of military resource mobilization, paying close attention to one shipment of grain purchased in central Europe by the British army during the War of Spanish Succession (1701–1714). By studying closely how British money paid French Huguenot contractors to buy the grain and transmit it across northern Italy to feed German and Spanish troops fighting in Spain, this one case shows how scholarship can move towards a transnational history of military logistics based on key urban centres rather than nations and borders.
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Espasandín Bustelo, Francisco, Carmen Díaz Fernandez und Francisco Javier Quirós Tomás. „Higher education of tourism in Spain and its adaptation to the European higher education area“. Revista de Administração Pública 44, Nr. 5 (Oktober 2010): 1191–223. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0034-76122010000500009.
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The international tourism system has deeply undergone structural changes in the last decades which not remain outside the subsystem higher education in tourism, especially in the European case. This article has two objectives: firstly, describes the European higher education area and the objectives, skills and subjects taught in the main Spanish universities that offer higher education in tourism. On the other hand, in the light of knowledge that researchers' descriptive models, provide experience of the implementation of European credit and thorough a deeply review of the literature on the topic higher education in tourism, to propose strategies that will enable other tourism higher education systems approach to the European reality. These policy proposals are aimed at agents and elements from higher education in tourism subsystem and they specifically include: the institutions providing education in tourism, the curriculum, the teaching methods, teachers and students.
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Caparrós Ruiz, Antonio. „Inter-firm job mobility and occupational transitions in Spain: are they related?“ Employee Relations 36, Nr. 6 (30.09.2014): 674–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/er-05-2013-0057.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to shed knowledge about the relationship between the inter-firm job mobility and the occupational transitions in Spain during the last years. In particular, it is tested whether if the type of job-to-job mobility (voluntary or involuntary) has some influence on the workers careers. The empirical analysis is based on panel data provided by the Living Condition Survey, which is conducted by the Spanish Statistics Institute (INE). The period analysed covers the years between 2005 and 2010 (both inclusive), what allows observing the labour mobility patterns in the recent Spanish economic crisis. Design/methodology/approach – The econometric specification used to analyse occupational mobility corresponds to a random effect panel multinomial logit model. The econometric model is estimated separately for workers that have remained at the same firm and for workers who have changed firms; for the latter group, a dummy variable indicating whether the individual quit or was laid off is included as a regressor. Findings – The results derived from the estimates of the econometric specifications show that individuals who voluntarily leave a firm find the decision has a positive effect on their careers, as their probability of upward occupational mobility is more than 90 per cent higher than for individuals who leave their previous position as a result of having been laid off. Social implications – This result is an argument in favour of adopting active labour market policies that help improve information flows in the labour market and allow workers a better understanding of potential job offers from outside firms. Originality/value – This paper analyses the relationship between inter-firm mobility and occupational transitions that has not yet addressed in the economic literature for Spain.
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BUCHANAN, TOM. „Edge of Darkness: British ‘Front-line’ Diplomacy in the Spanish Civil War, 1936–1937“. Contemporary European History 12, Nr. 3 (August 2003): 279–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s096077730300122x.
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British policy during the Spanish Civil War was seen by many at the time as dishonest and dishonourable, and this is a criticism that has survived the opening of the official records to historical scrutiny. Research by Jill Edwards, Douglas Little and, most recently, by Enrique Moradiellos has presented the policy pursued by the British government as cynical, callous and objectively pro-Franco. Understandably, however, the literature on this subject, exemplified in the work of these scholars, has focused primarily on establishing how policy decisions were reached within the Foreign Office and other interested branches of government. What has tended to be neglected by historians (with some notable exceptions) has been the experience of British diplomatic and consular officials in the field. These were the men who carried the triple burden not only of being the eyes and ears of the Foreign Office in Spain, but also of negotiating with government and local authorities and of protecting British lives and interests amidst the chaos of civil war. This article seeks to redress the balance by placing the focus on these ‘front-line diplomats’. It concentrates on the experiences of those British diplomatic and consular staff in the main Republican zone who were most directly exposed to the war, although reference will also be made to officials in the Nationalist zone and in the relative tranquillity of the British embassy in exile at Hendaye. The article is concerned more specifically, although not exclusively, with George Ogilvie-Forbes's tenure as chargé d'affaires in Madrid and Valencia (August 1936–March 1937). For this period Ogilvie-Forbes's own papers offer an unparalleled insight into the private opinions of British diplomats in the front line of civil war, and provide a new perspective on their relationships both with each other and with the Foreign Office. The article concludes with the recasting of the British diplomatic presence in Spain in autumn 1937, with the relocation of the British embassy from Valencia to Caldetas, outside Barcelona, and the appointment of an agent to represent British interests in Nationalist territory. The first part of the article describes the development of the British diplomatic presence in Spain during this period, while the second examines the civil war's impact on individual British diplomats, and how their experiences affected their relationship with their superiors in London.
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ALTUNA, ALVARO. „Deep-water scleractinian corals (Cnidaria: Anthozoa) from 2010-2011 INDEMARES expeditions to the Galicia Bank (Spain, northeast Atlantic)“. Zootaxa 4353, Nr. 2 (23.11.2017): 257. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4353.2.2.
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During surveys in the Galicia Bank (northeastern Atlantic) in the years 2010–2011 (INDEMARES project), 25 species of scleractinian corals corals were collected in a depth interval of 744–1764 m. Most interesting species are described and depicted. Additionally, species list and remarks are given for the 23 species dredged in the bank during the 1987 SEAMOUNT 1 expedition at 675–1125 m depth.From a literature review and new records from Galicia Bank given herein, 31 species of scleractinian corals are known from this seamount in a depth interval of 614–1764 m depth. Six are colonial and 25 solitary, with 17 occurring on hard bottoms and 14 on soft bottoms. Desmophyllum dianthus, Lophelia pertusa and Madrepora oculata are the most widely distributed species in both number of stations and depth range of specimens collected alive. Some species were recorded outside their previously known bathymetric ranges in the northeastern Atlantic. Javania pseudoalabastra is first documented for the Iberian Peninsula and Spanish faunas. Thrypticotrochus sp. is first collected from the Atlantic Ocean.
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Mary Frances, Litzler, Marimar Huguet-Jérez und Margarita Bakieva. „Prior Experience and Student Satisfaction with E-Tandem Language Learning of Spanish and English“. International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies (iJIM) 12, Nr. 4 (30.08.2018): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.3991/ijim.v12i4.9196.
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Recent literature in the field of foreign language learning has indicated that classroom learning is not necessarily enough for students to acquire proficiency in a foreign language. Learners who achieve a high level in the target language often combine work in the classroom with activities outside it. At the same time, a number of studies indicate that, when foreign language learners do work with their target language beyond the classroom, it is often to practice the receptive skills of reading and listening as opposed to the productive ones of speaking and writing. For this reason, students at The College of New Jersey in the United States and Universidad de Alcalá in Spain were paired up to work in tandem to practice Spanish and English through a private Facebook© page and Skype calls©. This paper discusses the impressions of 195 participating students on both sides of the Atlantic to the activities as determined through a questionnaire. The overall objective was to determine if prior experience with the two applications and in using the foreign language in conversation has an impact on student satisfaction. The results indicate prior experience with the applications and with the target language correlates with a positive estimation of the activities. Additional variations were also found. Language instructors who wish to set up an e-tandem experience are advised to assist students with less experience so that they can benefit from the activity.
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McNeil, Rhett. „Just How Marginal Was Machado de Assis? The Early Translations and the Borges Connection“. TranscUlturAl: A Journal of Translation and Cultural Studies 5, Nr. 1-2 (31.03.2014): 80. http://dx.doi.org/10.21992/t9kk8f.
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Brazilian literature is traditionally understood to have developed in relative isolation from the literatures of Hispanophone Latin America, inhabiting a peripheral cultural space within the already peripheral sphere of Latin American literature. Perhaps the most striking example of this traditional conception is the commonly held assumption of the complete literary-historical separation of two of Latin America’s most renowned fiction writers: the Brazilian Joaquim Maria Machado de Assis and the Argentine Jorge Luis Borges. Machado de Assis, in particular, is often regarded as inhabiting a double cultural periphery, as both a Latin American and a Brazilian, who, furthermore, wrote in a “minor” language, never traveled outside of his own country, and rarely ever left his native Rio de Janeiro. Another enduring belief, tangential to the tale of Brazil’s cultural isolation, is that Machado de Assis’s work went untranslated, by and large, until about half a century after his death. Yet the early translation history of Machado’s work offers a fascinating insight into the literary ties that connect his work to the dominant literary cultures of the Americas and Europe and provides an intriguing literary-historical link between Machado de Assis and Jorge Luis Borges. Curiously, the connection between Machado and Borges, whose countries share a border, follows a route of translational cultural exchange through France and Spain, and involves a prolific translator who was both the first Spanish translator of Machado’s short fiction and the mentor of a young Borges: Rafael Cansinos Assens. Thus, the early history of Machado’s fiction in translation demonstrates that Machado is a much less peripheral figure than previously imagined, and that, through Machado, Brazilian literature is more intimately intertwined with the literatures of Hispanophone Latin America and the cultural capitals of Europe than critics and scholars have recognized.
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Bandarra, Beatriz S., Joana L. Pereira, Rui C. Martins, Alex Maldonado-Alameda, Josep M. Chimenos und Margarida J. Quina. „Opportunities and Barriers for Valorizing Waste Incineration Bottom Ash: Iberian Countries as a Case Study“. Applied Sciences 11, Nr. 20 (18.10.2021): 9690. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11209690.
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Incineration bottom ashes (IBA) are the main waste from municipal solid waste (MSW) incineration. In the Iberian countries (Portugal and Spain), MSW incineration with energy recovery (WtE) plays an important role in MSW management. IBA is highly produced and managed differently both between and within countries. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the management model of IBA using the Iberian Peninsula as a case study, addressing its properties, current management, incentives and difficulties in valorizing, and prospects. For this purpose, incineration plants of both countries were approached, and a broad literature review was conducted to gather information. About 10% and 41% of IBA have been landfilled in Portugal and Spain, respectively. Metals (mostly ferrous) from Portuguese (6% of IBA) and Spanish (9% of IBA) WtE plants are recycled. In Portugal, the remaining IBA (84%) has been temporarily stored (11%), applied to landfills as a substitute for soil in intermediate and final covers, construction of paths, accesses, and platforms (41%), or used in civil engineering work and road construction (48%). In Spain, the remaining IBA (50%) has been reused mainly as a secondary raw material in the construction and civil engineering fields (77%), while the rest has been temporarily stored (11%), applied in the conditioning of landfills (4%), alsoa secondary aggregate replacing natural materials. Both countries regulate IBA reuse outside landfills but consider different requirements and criteria. Nevertheless, there are both drivers and barriers to valorization. In the future, different IBA applications will likely continue to be developed, with the concern of protecting the environment. Growing confidence in IBA reuse following the publication of proper studies is expected. Globally, uniform legal frameworks among EU members with the same standards would likely lead to better IBA valorization.
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Ellis, Nina. „‘So what, I’m on the roof’: Lucia Berlin’s roots in Spanish and Chilean literatures“. Short Fiction in Theory & Practice 13, Nr. 2 (01.10.2023): 153–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/fict_00080_1.
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In 2015, the North American short story writer Lucia Berlin (1926–2004) was ‘rediscovered’ when her posthumous collection, A Manual for Cleaning Women, became a New York Times bestseller. It has since been translated into more than twenty languages, and has been received with particular enthusiasm in Spain and Latin America. Many of her stories are set in Chile or Mexico, where she lived for many years. This article proposes that Berlin’s adolescence in Santiago, her bilingual education, and her studies with Spanish novelist Ramón J. Sender at the University of New Mexico had important impacts on her writing. This connection has yet to be made: Berlin is most often associated with North American ‘dirty realism’, or other anglophone movements. I argue that we are wrong to place her work exclusively in the context of her country of birth, and propose that we read her alongside the hispanophone writers she learned from. In my first section, I describe Berlin’s experience in Santiago as a young, privileged North American, and explore how this formed her identity as an outsider–insider, or insider–outsider. In my next section, I focus on Berlin’s undergraduate years in New Mexico, charting her interests in liminal and domestic spaces, which may have been encouraged by Sender. In my final section, I examine the stories with Chilean settings that she published in 1988, and ask what prompted her to return to the country of her adolescence on the page.
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BRENNEIS, SARA J. „CINEMATIC BARCELONA: CATALAN IDENTITY IN A CULTURE OF DISPLACEMENT“. Catalan Review 22, Nr. 1 (01.01.2008): 19–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/catr.22.2.
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As visualized by three filmmakers from outside Catalonia, Barcelona functions as the backdrop to geographic and emotional displacement: the city is a site of cultural (mis)understanaing; a space of clashes between tradition and a modernity identified with the tides of globalization; and a place where Catalan culture and nationalism coexist with and/or recede from the voluntary exile’s awareness. Examined through the lens of American filmmaker Whit Stillman’s Barcelona (1994), Spanish director Pedro Almodovar’s Todo sobre mi madre (1999) and French cineaste Cedric Klapisch’s L’auberge espagnole (2002), Barcelona occupies an enormous visual terrain on the screen while staking a more narrowly-defined claim to the narrative thread of each film. These films depict Barcelona as a complex character and draft it into tales of individuals who are both seeking and rejecting the city as a guiding force in the assumption of a new identity forged outside their native terrain. The result, while unique in each cinematic incarnation, is that the visual space of the city acts as an emotional force, both locally, as it is intertwined with the displaced lives of the human characters, and globally, as international audiences internalize Barcelona as the face of late-twentieth and early-twenty-first- century migratory movements and the consequent dialectic between “old” and “new” Barcelona. By exploring the apparition of Barcelona in these three films as an outward expression of the changing dynamics among Catalonia, Spain and the world, this article examines the city’s perceived role in a global culture of displacement and voluntary exile as well as the notion of Catalan culture and identity as translated cinematically for international audiences. Although Barcelona inhabits a central visual and emotional role in each film, the cityscape ultimately does not counteract the lack of a particularly Catalan identity created for the displaced characters onscreen. While these films and characters succeed in internalizing Barcelona during their sojourn, they do not adopt a Catalan identity in the process.
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Hellgren, Zenia, und Lorenzo Gabrielli. „Racialization and Aporophobia: Intersecting Discriminations in the Experiences of Non-Western Migrants and Spanish Roma“. Social Sciences 10, Nr. 5 (06.05.2021): 163. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/socsci10050163.
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In this article, we address a gap in the scholarship on (super)diversity, discrimination and racism by placing the experiences of non-western migrants and Roma people in the same conceptual framework of stigmatization based on racialization and aporophobia. Including a (formally non-recognized) national minority, the Spanish Roma, in such an analysis implies moving from a framework of superdiversity applied to immigrants to a broader one, which also applies the notion of superdiversity to the racialized citizens of a country, shifting the focus from inner-group features to exogenous othering processes by the mainstream society. We aim to also contribute to the literature on the race–class binary with our empirically grounded analysis of how racialization and aporophobia intersect in the negative stereotyping of people who are cast as outsiders based on both their race/ethnicity and (assumed) socio-economic status. Data from several different research projects on migrant and Roma inclusion/exclusion in Spain were used for the analysis, which focuses on the intersections between race and class in the narratives on exclusion and discrimination by 185 migrant and Roma men and women that were interviewed between 2004 and 2021. The analysis shows that our Roma and migrant respondents perceive forms of discrimination based on racialization and aporophobia that are similar in several ways. In turn, the “double stigmatization” experienced by many of our respondents reinforces their actual precariousness, which may be understood both as a cause and consequence of this stigmatization. We found that these experiences were salient in the narratives of both non-western migrant and Roma respondents who find themselves part of a “racialized underclass” and struggle with finding ways to exit the vicious circle of devalued identities and material deprivation.
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Goñi, Félix M. „Birth and Early Steps of the Organization of Biophysics in Spain“. Biophysica 2, Nr. 4 (19.11.2022): 498–505. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biophysica2040042.
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In the 1960s, Biophysics was an unheard of scientific field in Spain, and even outside Spain, the distinction between Biophysics and Molecular Biology was not clear at the time. This paper describes briefly the developments that led to the foundation of the Spanish National Committee for Biophysics (1981) and of the Spanish Biophysical Society (1987), the incorporation of Spain into IUPAB and EBSA, and the normalized presence of Biophysics as a compulsory subject in undergraduate curricula in Spain.
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Leszczyna, Dorota. „Following Kant's footsteps in Spain“. Studia z Historii Filozofii 14, Nr. 4 (16.01.2024): 11–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/szhf.2023.027.
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In 1876, Hans Vaihinger, a German philosopher and professor at the University of Halle, founded the journal Kant-Studien. One of the main objectives of this project was to investigate the impact of Kantian philosophy outside Germany. The first correspondent for the journal was a Polish philosopher and national activist – Wincenty Lutosławski. His report on the study of the Spanish reception of Kant was published in the first issue of the journal Kant-Studien in 1897 under the title “Kant in Spanien.” In my article I present the history of the emergence of Lutosławski’s report and I describe the Polish encounters with Spanish culture and philosophy in the 19th century.
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Justice, Steven. „Spain, Tragedy, and The Spanish Tragedy“. Studies in English Literature, 1500-1900 25, Nr. 2 (1985): 271. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/450723.
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Fernández, Paz, und Federico García Serrano. „EL Museo Imaginado: a virtual museum of Spanish paintings outside Spain“. Art Libraries Journal 26, Nr. 4 (2001): 29–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0307472200012487.
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The main aims of the Museo imaginado project are to create a virtual museum of Spanish paintings held outside Spain, and a virtual special documentation centre on this topic, as a focus for other studies and research tools. Most of the important museums in the world contain masterpieces by Spanish painters and our target is to collect them together in a database which records their history, their provenance and the travels and trials they have undergone before arriving at their present destination. Today, the meeting up of technological skills and art history research has made it possible for us to make this information available to the public and to the academic world.
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González Trueba, Juan José. „Landscape and cultural identity in Spain“. Cuadernos Iberoamericanos, Nr. 3 (28.09.2017): 47–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.46272/2409-3416-2017-3-47-57.
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The landscape is a complex concept that results from the interplay of nature, society and culture. It`s outlined, firstly, the geographical ideas, general concepts, perception and interpretation of Spanish landscape. For the first time, a new word is proposed for the Spanish language: “maresaje”, to make reference to the marine landscape or seascape. Therefore, this paper aims to highlight the interest of deep and valuable images about landscape and seascape coming from literature and painting for the construction of Spanish cultural identity.
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Navarro, Betsabé. „Crisscrossed Identities and Black Feminist Perspectives in Lucía Mbomío’s Novel Hija del camino (2019)“. Literature 3, Nr. 2 (23.03.2023): 145–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/literature3020012.
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Some claim there is a lack of attention to black studies in current literary and academic fields in Spain. Even though there is an emerging wave of Afro-Spanish writers in the first quarter of the twenty-first century, many of them denounce the struggle they experienced to see their stories published and state that Afro-Spanish literature is absent from Spanish universities’ curricula. Among the recent black voices that have achieved recognition in Spain is journalist and writer Lucía Mbomío, who condemns, in her debut novel Hija del camino (2019), the traumatic experiences that black women undergo with racism and sexism in Spain. With the aim of giving representation to the literature of Afro-Spanish women writers, the present article analyzes Mbomío’s novel from the perspective of black studies, black feminism, and cultural studies.
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Peral, Germán Asensio, und José Francisco Fernández Sánchez. „‘Irishmen could suffer in spirit with Spain’: Mairin Mitchell’s Storm over Spain, Ireland, and the Spanish Civil War“. Irish University Review 53, Nr. 2 (November 2023): 263–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/iur.2023.0615.
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Storm over Spain (1937), by Mairin Mitchell, is a rare case in the bibliography of the Irish in the Spanish Civil War. This travelogue, which narrates the journey of the author around Andalusia in the months before the beginning of the conflict, has received scant critical attention by historians, literary critics and cultural analysts working on Irish and Hispanic Studies, despite offering a first-hand account of the atmosphere of tension and fear that preceded the Spanish Civil War. This essay pays attention to her book Storm over Spain with the aim of reassessing its merits as a powerful narrative, as a reliable source of information on the Spanish Civil War, and as an example of the pervasive influence of Irish history as a methodological approach to explain social structures in other cultures. In particular, it examines Mitchell's position on the Spanish conflict in the travelogue by looking at her discussion of a number of events and atrocities that took place during the war.
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Juncker, Clara. „John Dos Passos in Spain“. Miscelánea: A Journal of English and American Studies 42 (01.04.2010): 91–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.26754/ojs_misc/mj.20109417.
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In 1931, Ernest Hemingway wrote to John Dos Passos from Madrid: “You are the great writer of Spain”. The two friends both knew Spain, but Dos Passos got there first. In his early Spanish book, Rosinante to the Road Again (1922), Telemachus and his companion Lyaeus ramble along Spanish roads searching for “the gesture”, the essence of Spanish life that Dos Passos hoped to emulate in words. Spain remained important to Dos Passos, even after his famous break with Hemingway in 1937. The following year, Dos Passos exorcized Spanish ghosts in a second travel narrative, Journeys Between Wars (1938). Both texts present a multicultural and multiregional Spain, at odds with centralization and unification. In Rosinante, Spain serves as a testing ground for aesthetic experiments, as young Dos Passos searches for techniques that might articulate his resistance to American systems and narratives. The Spanish gesture communicates aesthetic and political choices, and the masculinity Dos Passos associates with opposition and pride. In Journeys, the author of U.S.A. concentrates on Spanish politics, but he relies on modernist aesthetics to intervene politically. Dos Passos satirizes both Nationalists and Republicans, who subscribe to measures and stories he could not decipher but hoped to deconstruct.
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Pérez Ledesma, Manuel. „Studies on Anticlericalism in Contemporary Spain“. International Review of Social History 46, Nr. 2 (August 2001): 227–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020859001000128.
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Anticlericalism was a decisive trend in Spanish political, social, and cultural life from the beginning of the nineteenth century until the Spanish Civil War. It is true that anticlerical movements also existed in other European states, but the confrontations were much more intense in Spain. José M. Sánchez recalls this in a concise summary of the violence unleashed by these struggles: from 1822 to 1936, at least 235 members of the clergy were assassinated and around 500 churches and religious centres were burned. In addition, in the three years of the Civil War, almost 7,000 priests, monks and nuns suffered the same fate. Despite this, until a few years ago there were frequent complaints about the scant attention paid by Spanish historians to this trend. Julio de la Cueva Merino referred to this lack of research, and even to the ‘historiographic vacuum’, in a summary of publications on the subject which appeared in 1991. Three years later, Pilar Salomón mentioned the ‘absence of fruitful bibliographic production’, and, as recently as 1997, Rafael Cruz spoke of a ‘shortage of works’, or at least a very scarce production of monographs. Outside the field of history, anthropologists such as David Gilmore and Manuel Delgado have likewise criticized the lack of interest of their colleagues in the face of what Gilmore defined as ‘as powerful a social and ideological phenomenon as devotion’, and which should deserve the same intellectual consideration.
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Bernat, Ignasi, und David Whyte. „Postfascism in Spain: The Struggle for Catalonia“. Critical Sociology 46, Nr. 4-5 (11.09.2019): 761–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0896920519867132.
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The thousands of Spanish National Police and Guardia Civil sent to Barcelona in order to prevent the referendum legislated by the Catalan Parliament on 6 and 7 September 2017 raised major questions about the fragility of Spanish democracy. The subsequent display of police violence on 1 October and the imprisonment and criminalisation of political opponents for the archaic offences of ‘rebellion’ and ‘sedition’ looked even less ‘democratic’. Indeed, those events in Catalonia constitute a remarkable moment in recent European history. This article uses the literature on ‘postfascism’ (developed in this journal and elsewhere) to analyse this remarkable moment and develop its social connections to the parallel re-emergence of fascist violence on the streets and the appearance of fascist symbolism in mainstream politics in Spain. The literature on postfascism identifies contemporary fascism as a specifically cultural phenomenon, but generally fails to identify how the conditions that sustain the far right originate inside the state. In order to capture this historical turn more concretely as a process in which state institutions and processes of statecraft are intimately involved, we argue that the Spanish state is postfascist. The article offers a brief critique of the way the concept of postfascism has been deployed, and, through an empirical reading of the historical development of Spanish state institutions, it proposes a modified frame that can be used to understand the situation in Catalonia.
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Turnbull, Emma C. „Defending the Spanish Match in early Stuart England“. Historical Research 93, Nr. 262 (01.11.2020): 638–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hisres/htaa028.
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Abstract This article broadens our understanding of the Spanish Match crisis of the early 1620s by analysing pro-marriage contributions to the public debate. It argues that anti-popery was a key feature of the language of pro-match literature, but that, crucially, supporters of the match dissociated Spain from the wider threat of popish tyranny. The article provides a detailed, contextualized reading of three pamphlets. It considers the complex ways that religious and political views interacted to form subtle anti-papal rhetorical strategies, which challenged the dominant anti-papal narrative aligning Spain with Rome. It thus significantly adds to the literature on early Stuart anti-popery.
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Marin-Lacarta, Maialen. „Mediated and Marginalised: Translations of Modern and Contemporary Chinese Literature in Spain (1949-2010)“. Meta 63, Nr. 2 (18.12.2018): 306–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1055141ar.
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The history and reception of translations of modern and contemporary Chinese literature in Spain form the basis of the discussion in this article. Eighty-four translations of modern and contemporary Chinese literature were published in Spain – either in Spanish or in Catalan – between 1949 and 2010. Using this under-researched corpus as a starting-point, this article explores two interrelated premises: the marginalisation of modern and contemporary Chinese literature in Spain and the mediation of its Spanish reception by Anglophone and Francophone literary systems. To do so, the study investigates the history of translations, pays attention to the evolution of types of translation (direct and indirect), and uses concrete examples from paratexts (back covers and prefaces) and translation reviews. After a discussion of the predominance of indirect translations, three recurring motifs inferred from an analysis of the paratexts and reviews are presented: (a) a preference for documentary value, (b) an insistence on difference and (c) an emphasis on politics and trauma (censorship, dissidence and the Cultural Revolution). In addition, I demonstrate the connections between these recurring motifs in the Spanish reception of Chinese literature in relation to European orientalism and area studies. Ultimately, the recent history of translations of modern and contemporary Chinese literature in Spain helps us to reflect on the complexity and hierarchical nature of literary exchanges on a global scale.
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Munoz-Garcia, Rebeca, und Constanza Tobio-Soler. „Gender and jazz research in Spain“. Jazz Research Journal 16, Nr. 2 (08.03.2024): 107–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1558/jazz.26638.
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During the last two decades, the little jazz research that has been conducted in Spain has focused on examining both flamenco jazz, as the most important contribution of Spanish culture to jazz, and sociocultural meanings of jazz development, mainly from a political and historical perspective. This period has also coincided with a significant development in jazz studies outside of the United States, and a key juncture for gender and feminist studies in Spain that concurred with the emergence of fourth-wave feminism. Spanish gender research in music has traditionally focused on written music, paying scant attention to jazz, although popular music is slowly becoming a significant focus of research. Far from seeing this as a drawback, we propose that the underdevelopment of knowledge production is an opportunity for a feminist-inspired overview, and a re-reading of jazz cultures and jazz research in Spain as we ‘listen’ for the relationships between gender and jazz as interdisciplinary fields of research. The article concludes that Spain presents fertile ground for a comprehensive exploration of its own jazz culture as research here strives to find its own voice.
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Zagorskaya, S. G. „Spanish Paintings From Russian Collections. The Pushkin State Museum of Fine Arts will open an exhibition of Spanish painting from the collections in Russia“. Cuadernos Iberoamericanos 11, Nr. 2 (18.07.2023): 14–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.46272/2409-3416-2023-11-2-14-29.
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Russia holds the first largest collection of canvas by great Spanish masters outside of Spain, including paintings by El Greco, Murillo, Ribera, Zurbaran, Goya, and others. In November 2023 the Pushkin State Museum of Fine Arts presents an exhibition of Spanish paintings from its own collections, as well as the works of art from the Hermitage and regional museums. In this interview, Svetlana Zagorskaya, curator of Spanish painting at the Pushkin Museum, talks about the collections of Spanish painting in Russia, the history of their acquisition and meticulous work of attributing paintings. Particular attention is paid to Svetlana Zagorskaya’s discoveries of the authorship of the canvas by Jusepe de Ribera «Saint James the Greater» and the painting by Bartolomeo Murillo «Saint Catherine of Alexandria», which open the exposition of old masters in the main building of the Museum. The purpose of the upcoming exhibition, apart from being educational, is to show the cultural attraction of Spain and Russia, two countries at the extreme ends of Europe. Since the end of the 19th century many Russian artists visited Spain and looked for new motives for inspiration, at the same time Russian collectors bought a lot of works by Spanish artists. Thus, an invisible but strong cultural bridge was being built between the two countries, and it still exists in our time.
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Pérez Baquero, Rafael. „Rethinking the Historiography of the Spanish Civil War: Multifarious approaches to a contested past“. Historia Y Memoria, Nr. 25 (06.07.2022): 275–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.19053/20275137.n25.2022.11552.
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This paper aims to delve into the underlying trends of the contemporary historiography of the Spanish Civil War (1936-1939).Under the guidance of historical accounts developed outside Spain before the end of the Francoist dictatorship (1939-1977), and during the transition to democracy (1977-1983), some Spanish historians strove to write a bias-free and fact-based depiction of the war and its aftermath. By relying on closereadings of historical documents, those historians assumed their methodology to be the most accurate when dealing with historical events that are so contested. However, recent shifts in the way this past has been remembered in Spain haveproduced a historiography endorsing new perspectives, which has also given rise to controversies among historians regarding the scope of and the assumptions underlying their work. To understand the currents of these debates, this paper echoes these groundbreaking approaches and attempts to illuminate how the influence of the social movement of «historical memory» has led Spanish historians to question their assumptions and endorse a more heterodox and interdisciplinary approach to engaging with the history of the Spanish Civil War.
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Domínguez, César. „Teaching Spanish Literature to Chinese Students in Spain in a Bilingual Environment“. European Review 24, Nr. 2 (18.04.2016): 200–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1062798715000551.
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According to a report published by the European Commission in November 2013, Spain remains the leading destination for European university students in the Erasmus exchange scheme. Both this non-domestic audience and the launch of the European Higher Education Area have caused far-reaching changes in the Spanish university system. A more recent phenomenon to be added to this scenario is the arrival of Chinese students, of whom around 100 chose the Universidade de Santiago de Compostela (USC) in 2014–2015, a university whose first official language is not Spanish, but Galician. This new situation has serious consequences for this university, both in managerial and teaching terms. The aim of this paper is to build on the experience of Chinese students and their teachers by focusing on how Spanish literature is taught and learned at the USC. Managerial aspects will be discussed within the context of current corporatization of universities, and teaching aspects in relation to comparative literature as intercultural pedagogy.
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Xouplidis, Panagiotis. „Teaching cats in Children’s Literature“. Journal of Education Culture and Society 11, Nr. 2 (11.09.2020): 311–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.15503/jecs2020.2.311.321.
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Aim. The aim of the research is the comparative study of literary cat characters in Children’s Literature texts in Greek and Spanish and their instructive function in the transmission of social stereotypes.
Methods. The research subscribes to the field of Literary Animal Studies based on the theory of Children’s Literature (Lukens, 1999) and through the intercultural perspective of Comparative Children’s Literature (O’Sullivan, 2005). Published children’s books from Greece, Spain and Spanish-speaking America were compared using textual analysis methods of Imagology (Beller & Leersen, 2007). Stereotyped variants were identified and organized in categories related to name, physical appearance, gender, behavior, and function of literary cat characters.
Results. After examining a corpus of 37 books, 23 in Greek and 17 in Spanish (Argentina, Chile, Colombia, Mexico, Spain), textual analysis findings were compared, organized, and classified by language, country and readers’ age groups to locate that literary cat characters are usually pets or feral, and they remain consistently stereotyped as anthropomorphic and subversive. Cats with seven lives and magical powers are common perceptions, dominating in both cultural contexts, stereotypes extended to strong superstitions about black cats.
Conclusions. In Children's Literature texts, cats are linguistically, literally, and socially defined literary constructs, can have usually human-like features, intercultural influences, and are potentially shaped by intertextual relations. They serve also as a narrative motif for the transmission of social values about non-human animals and the textual familiarization of nonadult readers with society’s cultural stereotypes.
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Mijangos, Carmen. „A Brief Overview of Polymers Science and Technology, in Spain“. Polymers 14, Nr. 4 (09.02.2022): 652. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14040652.
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This Special Issue State-of-the-Art on Polymer Science and Technology in Spain is comprised of a collection of 42 publications/contributions related to very different topics undertaken by the numerous research groups working in Spain in Polymer Science and Technology. This monograph collects the contributions of more than 200 different authors from 24 different national Institutions (>30 different centers/departments) from Universities and CSIC centers distributed throughout the whole of Spain. Two-thirds of the contributions to this Special Issue arise from Institutional collaborations, half of which are international collaborations with European research groups and the other half with other international research groups outside Europe including China, Australia or United States of America among others. This brief overview communication provides a general overview of the research lines in Polymer Science and Technology covered in Spain and show most of the representative polymer groups and their distribution throughout Spain. Most of Spanish polymer groups belong to the Grupo Especializado de Polímeros (GEP) being part of the European Polymer Federation (EPF). It also shows how Spanish science about polymers is positioned at European level.
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Hernán, Enrique García. „War and Society in Spain“. International Bibliography of Military History 35, Nr. 1 (30.05.2015): 9–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22115757-03501001.
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This article offers a new historiographical overview of the military history of Spain in the early modern period, covering recent works published by English-speaking scholars as well as the latest studies by Spanish and Italian historians. Differences tend to focus on whether the rival paradigms of ‘decline’ or ‘resilience’ offer the better insights into the period after the end of Spanish military supremacy (c. 1648). A survey of recent work on this topic leads us to some very significant observations about factors underpinning power, such as a common or shared culture and identity, as well as the more obvious and traditional components of military and naval power. The nature of royal power and monarchy are analysed, as are the structure of the army and the construction of the state in Spain. The relationship between the state and civil society, and the debate about the militarization of Iberian society and the study of cultural and religious values, are also examined. On balance, recent literature leads us to a more positive assessment of the resilience of Spanish military power in the second half of the 17th century.
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McCormack, Kathleen. „The Spanish Gypsy: Geography, Photography, and Ethnography in Spain“. George Eliot - George Henry Lewes Studies 60-61, Nr. 1 (01.09.2011): 47–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/42827887.
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McCormack, Kathleen. „The Spanish Gypsy: Geography, Photography, and Ethnography in Spain“. George Eliot - George Henry Lewes Studies 60-61, Nr. 1 (01.09.2011): 47–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/georelioghlstud.60-61-1.0047.
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Face, Timothy L. „Ultimate attainment in Spanish spirantization“. Spanish in Context 15, Nr. 1 (31.05.2018): 27–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/sic.00002.fac.
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Abstract This study examines the acquisition of the Spanish spirantization of /b/, /d/ and /g/ by a group of very advanced L2 learners who immigrated to Spain from the United States and have lived in central Spain for many years. While spirantization has received considerable attention in previous L2 research on Spanish, the participants in previous studies have typically been newer learners of Spanish, typically studying at the university level. By examining the production of immigrants to Spain, the present study provides insight into ultimate attainment, and whether this results in a native-like pronunciation in the case of spirantization. Productions are examined both categorically to determine the manner of articulation employed (i.e., approximant, fricative, stop) and also gradiently, using intensity measurements to determine the degree of spirantization when approximants are produced. The comparisons for manner of articulation show significant differences between native Spanish speakers and L2 learners, although when approximants are produced the intensity measurements often do not differ significantly between the two groups. The degree to which individual learners approach native-like pronunciation, both in terms of manner of articulation and intensity measurements of produced approximants, varies considerably.
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Pascual Garrido, María Luisa. „Plath's Spanish poems and tropes“. International Journal of English Studies 18, Nr. 2 (28.12.2018): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.6018/ijes/2018/2/312671.
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Although critical attention has focused on Ariel, Sylvia Plath’s earlier poems are also worth examining since they reveal significant details concerning the writer’s evolution towards that final achievement. After getting married in June 1956, Plath and Hughes travelled to Spain and settled in Benidorm for their honeymoon. It is the poems derived from that period and Plath’s response to the alien setting that are analyzed in this paper. The corpus of “Spanish poems” and its most salient motifs will be identified and examined to assess the emotional and artistic response of Plath’s encounter with Spain in her work. A rhetorical analysis of these poems will be carried out but biographical data from Plath’s journals, correspondence and prose will also be considered. Finally, two later poems will be examined to demonstrate that Spain left its imprint in Plath’s mind, supplying suggestive imagery which turned the Spanish landscape into a violent mindscape.
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Tayar, V. M. „Spain and the internationalization of the economy“. Cuadernos Iberoamericanos 9, Nr. 3 (03.04.2022): 94–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.46272/2409-3416-2021-9-3-94-107.
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Since integration of the Spanish economy into the EU (since January 1, 1986), 35 years have already passed. During this period of time political and economic European map has undergone significant changes. Economic sectors were deeply transformed by globalization and regionalization. For Spain, the process of joining European structures mainly meant rebuilding of national economic system in accordance with the necessary criteria and norms, which set the Spanish economy on the path of diversification and modernization. In recent years, Brussels has been focusing on the growing importance of external economic and export component for the EU member–states. It means redistributing production and technological chains within the Eurozone and, furthermore, diversification of the EU trade and industrial external relations, including the demand and needs of third parties, i.e. on the markets outside the European Union. In this regard, for Spain it is of particular importance to build up its export potential, develop export clusters and extend internationalization of business, to reduce the cost of production, and intensify country’s participation in global price chains. At the same time, it is necessary to admit, that the Spanish economy and its external sector are under the pressure of both internal and external factors today. These are: protracted crisis phenomena in the European Union (Brexit, financial and economic difficulties in the Eurozone, price volatility in the energy market, etc.), the worsening conditions for interaction with the United States, trade wars, slowing global economic growth. Finally, the impact of the COVID-19 has been a major social and economic challenge for Spain.
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Bou, Enric. „Transatlantic correspondence: modernity, epistolarity, and literature in Spain and Spanish America“. Journal of Spanish Cultural Studies 20, Nr. 4 (02.10.2019): 577–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14636204.2019.1692930.
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Fraser, Benjamin. „Nikos Kazantzakis's Bergsonian Spain: Connecting Philosophy, Spanish Literature and Cultural Landscapes“. Hispanófila 168, Nr. 1 (2013): 37–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/hsf.2013.0031.
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Tilley-Lubbs, Gresilda A. „Fear and Silence Meet Ignorance“. Ethnographic Edge 3 (04.12.2019): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.15663/tee.v3i1.53.
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When I studied in Spain in 1969 and 1970, I knew about the Spanish Civil War (1936–1939), briefly mentioned in my Spanish history books; General.simo Francisco Franco declared victory. I knew Spain through my graduate studies in Spanish literature and through Michener’s book Iberia (1968). In 2000, I met Jordi Calvera, a Catal.n whose post-war stories conflicted with that idyllic Spain. I returned to Spain in 2013, still with no idea of the impact of the totalitarian dictatorship based on fear and silence through which Franco ruled until his death in 1975, leaving a legacy of fear and silence. In Barcelona, I met a group of adults in their eighties who shared Jordi’s experience. My intrigue with these stories led me to learn more about the war, the dictatorship and the aftermath by interviewing people whose lives had been touched by those years. Through a layered account, I present some of the stories and examine my oblivion.
Keywords: Critical autoethnography, autoethnography, ethnography, Spanish Civil War, Franco’s totalitarian dictatorship