Zeitschriftenartikel: „Southern Alberta Institute of Technology. Engineering Technology“

1

Thomson, R. B. „Atmospheric Environment Service Long Range Transport of Air Pollutant Activities in the Territories“. Water Science and Technology 18, Nr. 2 (01.02.1986): 109–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1986.0020.

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Acid deposition monitoring and modelling in the Northwest Territories and Yukon Territories are reviewed. Data gathered since 1974 indicate that sulphur in precipitation is less than 1 kg/ha/yr. Trajectory calculations using numerical models are discussed that demonstrate a pattern of northeastward transport of pollutants from Alberta into southern sections of the Northwest Territories.

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Rock, L., und B. Mayer. „Tracing nitrates and sulphates in river basins using isotope techniques“. Water Science and Technology 53, Nr. 10 (01.05.2006): 209–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2006.314.

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The objective of this paper is to outline how stable isotope techniques can contribute to the elucidation of the sources and the fate of riverine nitrate and sulphate in watershed studies. The example used is the Oldman River Basin (OMRB), located in southern Alberta (Canada). Increasing sulphate concentrations and decreasing δ34S values along the flowpath of the Oldman River indicate that oxidation of pyrite in tills is a major source of riverine sulphate in the agriculturally used portion of the OMRB. Chemical and isotopic data showed that manure-derived nitrogen contributes significantly to the increase in nitrate concentrations in the Oldman River and its tributaries draining agricultural land. It is suggested that hydrological conditions control agricultural return flows to the surface water bodies in southern Alberta and impart significant seasonal variations on concentrations and isotopic compositions of riverine nitrate. Combining isotopic, chemical, and hydrometric data permitted us to estimate the relative contribution of major sources to the total solute fluxes. Hence, we submit that isotopic measurements can make an important contribution to the identification of nutrient and pollutant sources and to river basin management.

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Ali, Md Kamar, und K. K. Klein. „Water Use Efficiency and Productivity of the Irrigation Districts in Southern Alberta“. Water Resources Management 28, Nr. 10 (01.05.2014): 2751–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11269-014-0634-y.

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4

Byrne, J., S. Kienzle, D. Johnson, G. Duke, V. Gannon, B. Selinger und J. Thomas. „Current and future water issues in the Oldman River Basin of Alberta, Canada“. Water Science and Technology 53, Nr. 10 (01.05.2006): 327–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2006.328.

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Long-term trends in alpine and prairie snow pack accumulation and melt are affecting streamflow within the Oldman River Basin in southern Alberta, Canada. Unchecked rural and urban development also has contributed to changes in water quality, including enhanced microbial populations and increased water-borne pathogen occurrence. In this study we look at changing environment within the Oldman River Basin and its impact on water quality and quantity. The cumulative effects include a decline in net water supplies, and declining quality resulting in increased risk of disease. Our data indicates that decreases in the rate of flow of water can result in sedimentation of bacterial contaminants within the water column. Water for ecosystems, urban consumption, recreation and distribution through irrigation is often drawn from water-holding facilities such as dams and weirs, and concern must be expressed over the potential for contaminate build-up and disproportionate potential of these structures to pose a risk to human and animal health. With disruption of natural flow rates for water resulting from environmental change such as global warming and/or human intervention, increased attention needs to be paid to use of best management practices to protect source water supplies.

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Godazi, Khosro, Ronald Goodwin, Fengxiang Qiao und Alexander Miller. „Exposing Minority Students to Careers in Transportation and Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics“. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2328, Nr. 1 (Januar 2013): 16–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2328-03.

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The aging of the American workforce will lead to shortages in skilled workers throughout the country in the near future. Minorities are already underrepresented in the transportation industry, and without immediate intervention the conditions will not improve. To address the anticipated shortfall in skilled minority labor, FHWA, in coordination with the South Carolina Department of Transportation and South Carolina State University, developed the Summer Transportation Institute. In the Texas Gulf Coast region, the Center for Transportation Training and Research at Texas Southern University has introduced the transportation industry to minority high school students while emphasizing the importance of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics skills in tomorrow's workplace through summer education programs for nearly 10 years. A study examines the core curriculum of those programs and discusses their potential applicability in other regions of Texas.

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Manzano-Kareah, B. K. „Geochemistry of medium gravity crude oils in southern Alberta and northern Montana“. Bulletin of Canadian Petroleum Geology 52, Nr. 2 (01.06.2004): 105–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/52.2.105.

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7

Olson, Barry M., Andrea R. Kalischuk, Janna P. Casson und Colleen A. Phelan. „Evaluation of cattle bedding and grazing BMPs in an agricultural watershed in Alberta“. Water Science and Technology 64, Nr. 2 (01.07.2011): 326–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2011.637.

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This paper highlights the environmental impacts of implementing beneficial management practices to address cattle bedding and direct access to the creek in a study watershed in southern Alberta, Canada. Approximately 35 cow–calf pairs grazed 194 ha of grass forage and had direct access to the creek in the spring and summer. During winter, the cattle were fed adjacent to the creek at an old bedding site. The practice changes included off-stream watering, bedding site relocation and fencing for rotational grazing. The cost was $15,225 and 60 h of labour. Four years of data were used in a before-and-after experimental design to evaluate the practice changes. After two years of post-implementation monitoring, riparian assessments showed an increase in plant diversity, but no change in the percent cover of the riparian species Salix exigua and Juncus balitus and a decrease in Carex sp. (P < 0.05). Water quality monitoring showed a decrease in the difference between upstream and downstream concentrations of total phosphorus, total dissolved phosphorus, total nitrogen, organic nitrogen and Escherichia coli (P < 0.10). These results showed that improved environmental changes in riparian and water quality can be measured following the implementation of beneficial management practices for cattle bedding and grazing.

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MacIsaac, D. A., S. Lux, D. Sidders und I. Edwards. „Hotchkiss River Mixedwood Timber Harvesting Study“. Forestry Chronicle 75, Nr. 3 (01.06.1999): 435–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc75435-3.

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The Hotchkiss River Mixedwood Timber Harvesting Study is a cooperative project involving Canadian Forest Service, Daishowa-Marubeni International Ltd., Manning Diversified Forest Products Ltd., the Forest Engineering Research Institute of Canada and Alberta Land and Forest Service aimed at developing new approaches to natural regeneration and harvesting systems for western Canada's boreal mixedwood forests, at a site near the Hotchkiss River in northwestern Alberta. The study used conventional harvesting equipment to test eleven harvesting and silvicultural systems designed to protect and minimize wind damage to immature white spruce residuals and encourage vigorous hardwood regeneration following harvest of the aspen overstory. Research areas include wind damage, wind firmness and growth response of the immature white spruce, effects of harvesting disturbance and timing on soil properties, conifer and hardwood regeneration after harvest, efficiency of equipment and harvesting costs, modelling of wind flow and long-term growth and yield. Already in its sixth year, the project has a planned 20year series of harvests and surveys. Technology transfer is an important component of this study for delivery and promotion of research results on behalf of the proponents and all related research collaborators. Products include demonstration maps and field guides, self-guided tour trails with interpretive signage and field tours (including active operations) as required. Hotchkiss River has also been designated a Forest Ecosystem Research Network (FERN) site. Key words: silviculture systems, white spruce, Picea glauca, aspen, Populus tremuloides, understory protection, harvesting, Alberta, boreal mixedwoods, technology transfer

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CHILINGARIAN, GEORGE V. „A review of: “An Evaluation of Crude Oil Supply in Saskatchewan”, James N. Tanner, (Calgary, Alberta: Canadian Energy Research Institute, 1987) 161 pp.“ Energy Sources 13, Nr. 4 (Oktober 1991): 519. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00908319108945386.

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10

Majorowicz, Jacek, und Stephen E. Grasby. „Deep Geothermal Heating Potential for the Communities of the Western Canadian Sedimentary Basin“. Energies 14, Nr. 3 (30.01.2021): 706. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14030706.

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We summarize the feasibility of using geothermal energy from the Western Canada Sedimentary Basin (WCSB) to support communities with populations >3000 people, including those in northeastern British Columbia, southwestern part of Northwest Territories (NWT), southern Saskatchewan, and southeastern Manitoba, along with previously studied communities in Alberta. The geothermal energy potential of the WCSB is largely determined by the basin’s geometry; the sediments start at 0 m thickness adjacent to the Canadian shield in the east and thicken to >6 km to the west, and over 3 km in the Williston sub-basin to the south. Direct heat use is most promising in the western and southern parts of the WCSB where sediment thickness exceeds 2–3 km. Geothermal potential is also dependent on the local geothermal gradient. Aquifers suitable for heating systems occur in western-northwestern Alberta, northeastern British Columbia, and southwestern Saskatchewan. Electrical power production is limited to the deepest parts of the WCSB, where aquifers >120 °C and fluid production rates >80 kg/s occur (southwestern Northwest Territories, northwestern Alberta, northeastern British Columbia, and southeastern Saskatchewan. For the western regions with the thickest sediments, the foreland basin east of the Rocky Mountains, estimates indicate that geothermal power up to 2 MWel. (electrical), and up to 10 times higher for heating in MWth. (thermal), are possible.

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11

Chang, C., und T. Entz. „Nitrate Leaching Losses Under Repeated Cattle Feedlot Manure Applications in Southern Alberta“. Journal of Environmental Quality 25, Nr. 1 (Januar 1996): 145–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jeq1996.00472425002500010019x.

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12

Rodvang, S. J., D. M. Mikalson und M. C. Ryan. „Changes in Ground Water Quality in an Irrigated Area of Southern Alberta“. Journal of Environmental Quality 33, Nr. 2 (März 2004): 476–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jeq2004.4760.

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13

Montgomery, Douglas S. „The Chemistry of Alberta Oil Sands Bitumens and Heavy Oils Written by O. P. Strausz and Elizabeth M. Lown. Published by Alberta Energy Research Institute (www. aeri.ab.ca.), Calgary T2P 3W2, Alberta, Canada, 2003, 695 pp. ISBN 0778530965. Price: 200.00 Cdn$. Shipping and Handling: Local, $3.00; Elsewhere in Canada, $15.00; United States, $20.00; International, $25.00.“ Energy & Fuels 18, Nr. 4 (Juli 2004): 1226. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ef040010b.

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14

Tóth, J., und T. Corbet. „Post-Palaeocene evolution of regional groundwater flow systems and their relation to petroleum accumulations, Taber Area, southern Alberta, Canada“. Geological Society, London, Special Publications 34, Nr. 1 (1987): 45–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/gsl.sp.1987.034.01.05.

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15

RIEKE, HERMAN H. „A review of: Michele McLachlan, “Replacement Costs for Oil and Gas in Western Canada: Methodologies and Application” (Canadian Energy Research Institute, Calgary, Alberta, 1990), 101 pp., $75.00 (Canadian).“ Energy Sources 13, Nr. 3 (Juli 1991): 412–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00908319108956424.

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16

Hagstrom, Cynthia A., Stephen M. Hubbard, Sean C. Horner, Harrison K. Martin und Yang Peng. „Comparison of the morphology, facies, and reservoir quality of valley fills in the southern Athabasca Oil Sands Region, Alberta, Canada“. AAPG Bulletin 107, Nr. 4 (April 2023): 553–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1306/10242219118.

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17

Harris, S. A. „Classification of Duvernay sourced oils from central and southern Alberta using Compound Specific Isotope Correlation (CSIC)“. Bulletin of Canadian Petroleum Geology 51, Nr. 2 (01.06.2003): 99–125. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/51.2.99.

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18

Roca, X., J. R. Rylaarsdam, H. Zhang, B. L. Varban, C. F. Sisulak, K. Bastedo und A. G. Plint. „An allostratigraphic correlation of Lower Colorado Group (Albian) and equivalent strata in Alberta and British Columbia, and Cenomanian rocks of the Upper Colorado Group in southern Alberta“. Bulletin of Canadian Petroleum Geology 56, Nr. 4 (01.12.2008): 259–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/gscpgbull.56.4.259.

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19

Nielsen, K. S. „A new stratigraphic framework for the Upper Colorado Group (Cretaceous) in southern Alberta and southwestern Saskatchewan, Canada“. Bulletin of Canadian Petroleum Geology 51, Nr. 3 (01.09.2003): 304–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/51.3.304.

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20

Fan, Yun Lei, Yan Xiao, Yu Rong Guo und Tao Yuan. „Remote Hybrid Testing on Bridge System“. Advanced Materials Research 639-640 (Januar 2013): 1175–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.639-640.1175.

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A networked structural laboratories system for evaluating the seismic performance of large-scale structure systems by seamlessly integrating geographically distributed experimental and computational substructures into a single test is described in this paper. It consists of an independent network based communication platform and various applications. The effectiveness of the proposed system is demonstrated by remote hybrid tests of a six-span bridge system at the Hunan University, Harbin Institute of Technology, Tsinghua University, China and the University of Southern California, USA. Successful application shows the system enables the shared use of testing resources by integrating single structural laboratories into a powerful and networked laboratory with advanced capability.

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21

Boluwade, Alaba, Chandra Madramootoo und Aghil Yari. „Application of Unsupervised Clustering Techniques for Management Zone Delineation: Case Study of Variable Rate Irrigation in Southern Alberta, Canada“. Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering 142, Nr. 1 (Januar 2016): 05015007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)ir.1943-4774.0000936.

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22

Ratcliffe, K. T., A. M. Wright, C. Hallsworth, A. Morton, B. A. Zaitlin, D. Potocki und D. S. Wray. „An example of alternative correlation techniques in a low-accommodation setting, nonmarine hydrocarbon system: The (Lower Cretaceous) Mannville Basal Quartz succession of southern Alberta“. AAPG Bulletin 88, Nr. 10 (Oktober 2004): 1419–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1306/05100402035.

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23

Kim, Jung, Hyun Kim, Boon K. Tay, Manivannan Muniyandi, Mandayam A. Srinivasan, Joel Jordan, Jesper Mortensen, Manuel Oliveira und Mel Slater. „Transatlantic Touch: A Study of Haptic Collaboration over Long Distance“. Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments 13, Nr. 3 (Juni 2004): 328–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/1054746041422370.

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The extent to which the addition of haptic communication between human users in a shared virtual environment (SVE) contributes to the shared experience of the users has not received much attention in the literature. In this paper we describe a demonstration of and an experimental study on haptic interaction between two users over a network of significant physical distance and a number of network hops. A number of techniques to mitigate instability of the haptic interactions induced by network latency are presented. An experiment to evaluate the use of haptics in a collaborative situation mediated by a networked virtual environment is examined. The experimental subjects were to cooperate in lifting a virtual box together under one of four conditions in a between-groups design. Questionnaires were used to report the ease with which they could perform the task and the subjective levels of presence and copresence experienced. This extends earlier work by the authors to consider the possibility of haptic collaboration under real network conditions with a number of improvements. Using the technology described in this paper, transatlantic touch was successfully demonstrated between the Touch Lab at Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA and Virtual Environments and Computer Graphics (VECG) lab at University College London (UCL), UK in 2002. It was also presented at the Internet II demonstration meeting in 2002 between University of Southern California and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

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Zaitlin, B. A. „Depositional styles in a low accommodation foreland basin setting: an example from the Basal Quartz (Lower Cretaceous), southern Alberta“. Bulletin of Canadian Petroleum Geology 50, Nr. 1 (01.03.2002): 31–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/50.1.31.

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25

Abbott, D. „14TH CERI International Oil and Gas Markets Conference Calgary, Alberta, Canada, September 25–26 1995 Sponsored by Canadian Energy Research Institute (CERI) and the Calgary Chamber of Commerce“. Energy Exploration & Exploitation 14, Nr. 3-4 (Juli 1996): 227. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/014459879601400301.

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26

Umbert, Marta, Nina Hoareau, Jordi Salat, Joaquín Salvador, Sébastien Guimbard, Estrella Olmedo und Carolina Gabarró. „The Contribution of the Vendée Globe Race to Improved Ocean Surface Information: A Validation of the Remotely Sensed Salinity in the Sub-Antarctic Zone“. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 10, Nr. 8 (06.08.2022): 1078. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse10081078.

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The Vendée Globe is the world’s most famous solo, non-stop, unassisted sailing race. The Institute of Marine Sciences and the Barcelona Ocean Sailing Foundation installed a MicroCAT on the One Ocean One Planet boat. The skipper, Dídac Costa, completed the round trip in 97 days, from 8 November 2020 to 13 February 2021, providing one measurement of temperature and conductivity every 30 s during navigation. More than half of the ship’s route was in the sub-Antarctic zone, between the tropical and polar fronts, and it passed through areas of oceanographic interest such as Southern Patagonia (affected by glacier melting), the Brazil–Malvinas confluence, the Southern Pacific Ocean, and the entire Southern Indian Ocean. This sailing race gave a rare opportunity to measure in-situ sea surface salinity in a region where satellite salinity measurements are not reliable. Due to the decreased sensitivity of brightness temperature to salinity in cold seas, retrieving sea surface salinity at high latitudes remains a major challenge. This paper describes how the data are processed and uses the data to validate satellite salinity products in the sub-Antarctic zone. The sailing race measurements represent surface information (60 cm depth) not available from drifters or Argo floats. Acquiring measurements using round-the-world sailing races would allow us to analyse the evolution of ocean salinity and the impact of changes in the ice extent around Antarctica.

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Li, Shih-Yu, Chun-Hung Lee und Lap-Mou Tam. „A Smart Image Encryption Technology via Applying Personal Information and Speaker-Verification System“. Sensors 23, Nr. 13 (26.06.2023): 5906. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23135906.

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In this paper, a framework for authorization and personal image protection that applies user accounts, passwords, and personal I-vectors as the keys for ciphering the image content was developed and connected. There were two main systems in this framework. The first involved a speaker verification system, wherein the user entered their account information and password to log into the system and provided a short voice sample for identification, and then the algorithm transferred the user’s voice (biometric) features, along with their account and password details, to a second image encryption system. For the image encryption process, the account name and password presented by the user were applied to produce the initial conditions for hyper-chaotic systems to generate private keys for image-shuffling and ciphering. In the final stage, the biometric features were also applied to protect the content of the image, so the encryption technology would be more robust. The final results of the encryption system were acceptable, as a lower correlation was obtained in the cipher images. The voice database we applied was the Pitch Tracking Database from the Graz University of Technology (PTDB-TUG), which provided the microphone and laryngoscope signals of 20 native English speakers. For image processing, four standard testing images from the University of Southern California–Signal and Image Processing Institute (USC-SIPI), including Lena, F-16, Mandrill, and Peppers, were presented to further demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of the smart image encryption algorithm.

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Lukie, T. D. „Alluvial architecture of the Horsefly unit (Basal Quartz) in southern Alberta and northern Montana: influence of accommodation changes and comtemporaneous faulting“. Bulletin of Canadian Petroleum Geology 50, Nr. 1 (01.03.2002): 73–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/50.1.73.

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29

Miller, Jim J., Tony Curtis, Francis J. Larney, Tim A. McAllister und Barry M. Olson. „Physical and Chemical Properties of Feedlot Pen Surfaces Located on Moderately Coarse- and Moderately Fine-Textured Soils in Southern Alberta“. Journal of Environmental Quality 37, Nr. 4 (Juli 2008): 1589–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jeq2007.0422.

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Shank, J. A., und A. G. Plint. „Allostratigraphy of the Upper Cretaceous Cardium Formation in subsurface and outcrop in southern Alberta, and correlation to equivalent strata in northwestern Montana“. Bulletin of Canadian Petroleum Geology 61, Nr. 1 (01.03.2013): 1–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/gscpgbull.61.1.1.

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31

Hu, Yao, Xiaoxiao Tan, Youmin Tang, Zheqi Shen und Ying Bao. „The Influence of Wind-Induced Waves on ENSO Simulations“. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 9, Nr. 5 (23.04.2021): 457. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse9050457.

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We evaluated the influence of wind-induced waves on El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) simulations based on the First Institute of Oceanography-Earth System Model version 2 (FIO-ESM 2.0), a global coupled general circulation model (GCM) with a wave component. Two sets of experiments, the GCM, with and without a wave model, respectively, were conducted in parallel. The simulated sea surface temperature (SST) was cooled by introducing the wave model via the enhancement of the vertical mixing in the ocean upper layer. The strength of ENSO was intensified and better simulated with the inclusion of wave-induced mixing, particularly the La Niña amplitude. Furthermore, the simulated amplitude and spatial pattern of El Niño events were slightly altered with the wave model. Heat budget analyses revealed the intensification of La Niña events to be generally attributed to wave-induced vertical advection, followed by the zonal and meridional advection terms.

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Araújo, Érica de Oliveira, Lizianne de Matos Emerick, José Vanor Felini Catânio, Diogo de Souza Freitas, Aline Ottes Moreira, Fernando de Souza Silva und Jiovane Anderson da Silva Ribeiro. „Agronomic performance and chemical composition of silage from corn hybrids grown in southern Rondonia“. Research, Society and Development 10, Nr. 12 (22.09.2021): e320101220572. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i12.20572.

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Corn is a widely used crop for silage. However, due to the changes introduced in recent genotypes, regional information related to the agronomic production behavior and the chemical composition of the silage produced becomes necessary for the appropriate technological development destined to agricultural and animal production in the Amazon region. With this premise, the present study aimed to evaluate the agronomic performance of corn hybrids cultivated for silage production and the chemical composition of the ensiled material. The experiment was conducted from October 2020 to March 2021, under field conditions, in the experimental area of the Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Rondonia, Colorado do Oeste Campus, in the municipality of Colorado do Oeste, RO, Brazil. The experimental design used was completely randomized, composed of six corn hybrids (GNZ7210 VTPRO2, AG8480 VTPRO3, BM3073 VTPRO3, BM270 VTPRO2, BM3066 VTPRO3 and BM3077 VTPRO3) and five replicates, cultivated at spacing of 0.80m between rows and 0.20m between plants. There was variation in the agronomic performance of the commercial corn hybrids for the southern region of Rondônia. The silages produced from the six corn hybrids showed bromatological and chemical characteristics that characterize them as silages of very good quality, despite showing significant differences in the percentages of DM, MM, CP, N-NH3/TN, NDF and ADF. The hybrid BM3073 PRO3 stood out for fresh matter yield, shoot N content and quality of the silage produced, which may result in the reduction of silage production costs.

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Payenberg, T. H. D. „Depositional environments and stratigraphic architecture of the Late Cretaceous Milk River and Eagle formations, southern Alberta and north-central Montana: relationships to shallow biogenic gas“. Bulletin of Canadian Petroleum Geology 51, Nr. 2 (01.06.2003): 155–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/51.2.155.

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Pransky, Joanne. „The Pransky interview: Dr Esben Ostergaard, inventor, co-founder and CTO of Universal Robots“. Industrial Robot: An International Journal 42, Nr. 2 (16.03.2015): 93–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ir-12-2014-0438.

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Purpose – This paper, a “Q&A interview” conducted by Joanne Pransky of Industrial Robot Journal, aims to impart the combined technological, business and personal experience of a prominent, robotic industry engineer-turned entrepreneur regarding the evolution, commercialization and challenges of bringing a technological invention to market. Design/methodology/approach – The interviewee is Dr Esben H. Ostergaard, inventor, co-founder and chief technology officer of Universal Robots. From building his first robot to solve a local industrial problem at the age of four, to building the world’s first collaborative robot company, Dr Ostergaard shares his lifelong ventures as a robot scientist, inventor and entrepreneur. Findings – Dr Ostergaard received degrees in computer science, physics and multimedia at Aarhus University in Denmark, and a PhD in robotics from the University of Southern Denmark. While at Aarhus, Dr Ostergaard pursued his hobby of robot football, and in 1998, his team STATIC became the world champion of the Federation of International Robot-soccer Association (FIRA). Dr Ostergaard held research positions at the University of Southern California (USC) Robotics Labs and at the Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) in Tsukuba/Tokyo. During the years 2001-2005 as a researcher and assistant professor in robotics and user interfaces at University of Southern Denmark, he created the foundation for a reinvention of the industrial robot. This led him to found Universal Robots in 2005 with two of his research colleagues. Originality/value – From a young child who played with LEGOs until he got a Commodore 64, Dr Ostergaard has always been interested in robotics. His unique multidisciplinary education and multicultural research experiences helped him to pioneer a new multi-axis, lightweight industrial robot and launch the successful company, Universal Robots, which has grown from its three co-founders to nearly 150 employees, with more than 4,000 collaborative robot applications installed in over 50 countries worldwide. Dr Ostergaard has over 30 patents and has received many awards, including the 2012 IEEE-IFR Invention and Entrepreneurship Award (IERA), the 2013 Japanese Institute Good Design Award, the 2013 Robotics Business Review Game Changer Award and the Ernst & Young Entrepreneur of the Year 2012 in Region Funen.

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Kang, Ji-Sun, Hunjoo Myung und Jin-Hee Yuk. „Examination of Computational Performance and Potential Applications of a Global Numerical Weather Prediction Model MPAS Using KISTI Supercomputer NURION“. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 9, Nr. 10 (19.10.2021): 1147. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse9101147.

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To predict extreme weather events, we conducted high-resolution global atmosphere modeling and simulation using high-performance computing. Using a new-generation global weather/climate prediction model called MPAS (Model for Prediction Across Scales) with variable resolution, we tested strong scalability on the KISTI (Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information) supercomputer NURION. In addition to assessing computational performance, we simulated three typhoons that occurred in 2019 to analyze the forecast accuracy of MPAS. MPAS results were also applied to force an ADCIRC (The Advanced CIRCulation) + SWAN (Simulating Waves Nearshore) model to predict coastal flooding over southern Korea. The time-integration of MPAS showed excellent scalability up to 4096 cores of NURION KNL (KNight Landing) nodes, but a serious I/O bottleneck issue was still found after trying two additional I/O strategies (i.e., adjusting the stripe count and using a burst buffer). On the other hand, the forecast accuracy of MPAS showed very encouraging results for wind and pressure during typhoons. ADCIRC+SWAN also generated a good estimate of significant wave height for typhoon Mitag. The proposed variable-resolution MPAS model, under an efficient computational environment, could be utilized to predict and understand the highly nonlinear chaotic atmosphere and coastal flooding in typhoons.

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Nguyễn, Văn Hiếu, Hồng Minh Nguyễn, Ngọc Quốc Phan und Huy Giao Phạm. „Development of HFU-based permeability prediction models using core data for characterisation of a heterogeneous Oligocene sand in the Nam Con Son basin“. Petrovietnam Journal 10 (30.11.2021): 33–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.47800/pvj.2021.10-03.

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Core data by both routine and special core analysis are required to understand and predict reservoir petrophysical characteristics. In this research, a total number of 50 core plugs taken from an Oligocene sand (T30) in the Nam Con Son basin, offshore southern Vietnam, were tested in the core laboratory of the Vietnam Petroleum Institute (VPI). The results of routine core analysis (RCA) including porosity and permeability measurements were employed to divide the study reservoir into hydraulic flow units (HFUs) using the global hydraulic elements (GHEs) approach. Based on five classified HFUs, 16 samples were selected for special core analysis, i.e., mercury injection capillary pressure (MICP) and grain size analyses for establishing non-linear porosity-permeability model of each HFU based on Kozeny-Carman equation, which provides an improved prediction of permeability (R2 = 0.846) comparing to that by the empirical poro-perm relationship (R2 = 0.633). In addition, another permeability model, namely the Winland R35 method, was applied and gave very satisfactory results (R2 = 0.919). Finally, by integrating the results from MICP and grain size analyses, a good trendline of pore size distribution index (λ) and grain sorting was successfully obtained to help characterise the study reservoir. High λ came with poor sorting, and vice versa, the low λ corresponded to good sorting of grain size.

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Wright, Blake. „Rarefied Air: Drilling for Helium in North America“. Journal of Petroleum Technology 73, Nr. 09 (01.09.2021): 30–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/0921-0030-jpt.

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Helium is one of the most abundant in advanced medical technologies such as MRIs, and in cryogenics, aerospace applications, and microchip manufacturing. It is also used to fill party balloons. It’s essential, expensive, and supplies are running low. Helium is about 100 million times more abundant in one place—but that place is on the moon. While trace amounts can even be found in the very air we breathe, the gas is difficult to find in commercial quantities, and those quantities are usually found as a byproduct of natural gas discoveries. Historically, about 40% of the US supply of helium came from the Federal Helium Reserve, a US Bureau of Land Management (BLM)-operated storage reservoir, enrichment plant, and pipeline system near Amarillo, Texas. The reserve was set up in 1960 as a strategic repository so that BLM could supply crude helium to private helium refining companies, which in turn refined it and marketed it to consumers. In the mid-1990s, Congress passed a bill to sell off a large part of the reserve’s supply to help pay off the facility’s debt, and effectively set in motion the federal government’s exit from the helium business. In 2013, BLM said it would begin auctioning off an increased percentage of the reserve annually as part of the bill. Last year, BLM announced the closure of the reserve. At the time of the announcement, BLM Deputy Director for Policy and Programs William Perry Pendley said “now it is time for the US government to remove itself from the helium business and allow the private sector to further develop this industry to meet the supply needs of the United States, creating a sustainable economic model and jobs for Americans.” BLM held its final crude helium auction in 2019, with the price rising 135%, from $119/Mcf a year earlier to $280/Mcf. Market pricing for helium is difficult to know. It is not a traded commodity, and pricing is normally based on long-term, confidential contracts. It’s a niche market that suffers from a lack of detailed analysis due in large part to the availability of its closely held data. The helium industry shares many aspects of the oil and gas business. Commercial deposits are found via geological survey; then, once identified, drilling begins. Outside of the search and discovery, helium can also be a useful tool for those in the oil business. It can be used for leak detection and in specialized welding due to its inert properties and high heat transfer. Additionally, as the oil field moves more toward digitalization, storage of big data will need helium for the construction of storage drives and to keep server farms cool. Swapping Hydrocarbons for Helium As scientific developments advance, the need for helium increases—a notion not lost on Canada-based Avanti Energy. The company’s CEO Chris Bakker has more than 2 decades of experience in oil and gas, most recently working as a commercial negotiator with Encana/Ovintiv for major facilities and pipelines in the Montney gas play. Today, he and his team are looking for commercial helium deposits in southern Alberta and northern Montana.

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Bazitov, R., M. Mihaylova und G. Ganchev. „Influence of nitrogen fertilization on the energy value of maize grain in non-ruminants“. Agricultural Science and Technology 15, Nr. 2 (Juni 2023): 46–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.15547//ast.2023.02.015.

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Abstract. Maize is the most widely spread energy source used in rations for farm animals and poultry, especially in countries in America, Southern Europe and Asia, where maize grain is the main cereal used for feed. The quality of maize grain is formed under the influence of several interrelated factors. The aim of the study is to determine the effect of different rates of nitrogen fertilization on the chemical composition and energy value of maize grain grown under irrigation conditions in non-ruminants. The study was conducted in the experimental field of the Agricultural Institute – Stara Zagora under irrigation conditions on cinnamon-meadow soil with maize for grain, medium late hybrid LG 35.36 with density of crops – 70000 plants per hectare. The study includes the following four treatments of fertilization: 1 experimental variant N0P80K60 – non-fertilizer control, 2 experimental variant N100P80K60 – fertilization with 100 kg N.ha-1, 3 experimental variant N150P80K60 – fertilization with 150 kg N.ha-1 and 4 experimental variant N200P80K60 – fertilization with 200 kg N.ha-1. Nitrogen fertilizer was applied during the vegetation of the crop in phase 3-5 leaf, and phosphorus and potassium fertilizers in rates 80 kg P2O5.ha-1 and 60 kg K2O.ha-1 in the main tillage. During the vegetation of the maize, pre-irrigation humidity of 80-85% of field capacity (FC) was maintained by 3 waterings. As the fertilization rate increases, the crude protein content in the maize grain also grows up. During the treatment with the highest fertilizer rate of 200 kg N.ha-1, 9.5% per 1 kg of dry matter (DM) was obtained, followed by the treatment with 150 kg N.ha-1 – with a value of 9.1% per 1 kg of dry matter. The content of crude fiber in the grain of maize with increasing fertilization rate decreases, being the smallest in the treatment with rate 100 kg N.ha-1 – 0.8% per 1 kg of dry matter. The fertilization rate does not have a significant effect on the content of digestible and metabolite energy in corn grain grown under irrigated conditions in pigs and poultry.

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Vo, Thi Hai Quan, und Huy Giao Pham. „A quick comparison of Pliocene and Upper Miocene shale resources in northern, central and southern parts of Song Hong basin with reference to their gas potential“. Petrovietnam Journal 10 (01.11.2022): 3–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.47800/pvj.2022.10-01.

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This research is a follow-up of a more comprehensive PhD study on assessment of shale gas resources in the northern Song Hong basin that was conducted at the Asian Institute of Technology (AIT). The Song Hong basin, a typical pull-apart Cenozoic basin, had experienced a post-extensional stage accompanied by seafloor spreading from Upper Oligocene to Lower Miocene with its stratigraphy characterised by a fault-controlled syn-rift continental sequence followed by a post-rift marine sequence. In recent years, a number of gas fields have been discovered in the Song Hong basin with the Oligocene-Eocene and the Lower-Middle Miocene shales as the major and minor source rocks, respectively. On the other hand, the Pliocene and Upper Miocene shales, present in the stratigraphy from the north to the south of the Song Hong basin, have generally been considered as the seals, but not the source rocks in some previous studies. In July 2020, an exploration well (Ken Bau-2X) was drilled in Block 114 by ENI, reaching a total depth of 3,658 m and encountering a pay of about 110 m in several intervals of Upper Miocene sandstones interbedded with shales, confirming a considerable gas accumulations discovered in Vietnam so far. The interesting thing is that this well only encounter the Pliocene and Upper Miocene shales, the Oligocene-Eocene or Middle-Lower Miocene sediments underlying is absent or very thin. Therefore, potential source rock of these shales should be considered in the area, in particular with reference to petroleum system of the central Song Hong basin. In this study, a preliminary comparison of the Pliocene and Upper Miocene shale resources in the northern, central and southern blocks in the Song Hong basin was conducted based on the analysis results of XRD, Rock-Eval pyrolysis, vitrinite reflectance, respectively. While the Pliocene and Upper Miocene shales in many areas of Song Hong basin, show a very low or no hydrocarbon generation potential, the very deep and thick Pliocene and Upper Miocene shales in the center and adjacent areas, deposited in a marine environment under the special conditions of abnormal pressure and high geothermal gradient, can be potential source rocks that have possibly generated and released a large amount of hydrocarbons. Further geochemical analyses and petroleum system modelling of the Pliocene and Upper Miocene shales in particular and for the whole central Song Hong basin are recommended.

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Yu, Qi, Xianwei Wang, Yongjun Fang, Yazhou Ning, Peiqing Yuan, Bingrou Xi und Runzhi Wang. „Comprehensive Investigation on Spatiotemporal Variations of Tropical Cyclone Activities in the Western North Pacific, 1950–2019“. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 11, Nr. 5 (28.04.2023): 946. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse11050946.

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Tropical Cyclones (TCs) are the most severe natural disasters in the Western North Pacific Ocean (WNP). While previous studies reported evident changes over certain regions or seasons between typical periods, there is a lack of a complete picture of the long-term variations in TC activities in the WNP. This study carried out a comprehensive investigation on the spatiotemporal variations in TC genesis locations and transit pathways in the WNP, based on the TC best-track datasets from the China Meteorological Administration Shanghai Typhoon Institute. The results showed that the TC genesis and occurrence frequencies showed drastic decreases and westward shifts in the WNP from 1950 to 2019. The greatest decrease in TC genesis occurred for Tropical Depressions (TDs: 10.8−17.1 m/s) and Typhoons (TYs: > 32.7 m/s). The number of Tropical Storms (TSs: 17.2−32.6 m/s) and the mean intensity (2 min maximum sustained wind speed) of TCs overall showed no evident change. The decadal average of TC genesis frequency increased by 63% in the near-coast seas (WNPO), but decreased by 46% near the central Pacific Ocean (WNCP), demonstrating a westward shift for TC genesis locations. The TC genesis and occurrence frequencies also showed significant declines in the southern Philippine Sea (SPS) and South China Sea (SCS), while they showed a lower reduction in the Eastern East China Sea (EECS), the northern ocean edge of TC genesis areas, resulting in an increase in the average latitude of TC genesis locations, a spurious northward shift. The La Niña and El Niño years showed contrasting effects on TC genesis frequency and landfall ratios. There were greater instances of TC genesis and greater landfall ratios during the La Niña mature phase, while there were fewer TC formations and lower landfall ratios during the short duration (SD) El Niño developing phase. The TC genesis locations showed a distinct northwestward shift during La Niña years compared to those during El Niño years.

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Hildreth, Brianna A., Giovanna Panarello, Gennaro Martucci, Fabio Tuzzolino, Alberto Piacentini, Giovanna Occhipinti, Andrea Giunta et al. „ECMO Retrieval over the Mediterranean Sea: Extending Hospital Arms“. Membranes 11, Nr. 3 (17.03.2021): 210. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes11030210.

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The retrieval and transport of patients from peripheral hospitals to high volume extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) centers aims to reduce complications and improve survival. In Sicily (Italy), our institute houses a mobile ECMO team that serves a population of around 10 million people for a vast area in southern Italy and Malta. This observational, descriptive study includes all patients that required veno–venous (V-V) ECMO and transport by a mobile team between October 2009 and May 2020. Linear and multiple logistic regressions were applied to explore the risk factors for mortality in the ICU. Kaplan–Meier estimates were generated to predict the survival in patients transported by helicopter or ambulance, and the two cohorts were compared according to their baseline characteristics. Of 122 patients transported, 89 (73%) survived to ICU discharge (50 (41%) patients were transported by ambulance, and 72 (59%) were transported by helicopter). Independent predictive factors associated with mortality in a stepwise multiple regression model were prone positioning, acute kidney injury, and the number of days spent on mechanical ventilation (MV). Kaplan–Meier estimates for survival favored the helicopter cohort (79%) rather than the ambulance cohort (64%). Patients transported by helicopter had better pre-ECMO profiles, with shorter hospital and ICU stays, a shorter duration of MV use, and higher RESP scores, which indicate better survival probabilities. ECMO transport can be carried out safely over long distances; in rural areas with underdeveloped roads, transportation via helicopter or ambulance can extend the arm of the hospital to remote areas. Early ECMO initiation can be crucial in improving survival outcomes, and when transportation is the limiting factor to starting ECMO support, it should be attempted at the earliest logistical stage possible.

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Popescu, Cristian, und Alina Bărbulescu. „Floods Simulation on the Vedea River (Romania) Using Hydraulic Modeling and GIS Software: A Case Study“. Water 15, Nr. 3 (25.01.2023): 483. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w15030483.

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Extreme hydro-meteorological phenomena have become more frequent in recent years compared to the year 2000 in Europe, including Romania. Flooding occurs from heavy rainfalls favored by natural and anthropogenic factors such as the valley’s flat slope or settlements situated near the river. Ţigăneşti and Brânceni villages (from southern Romania) are no exception and have been affected by floods many times. One of these events is that from 2005, when the flow reached 676 m3/s (a value 80 times higher than the normal flow of the Vedea River) in Brȃnceni. This paper aims to present a simulation of the flood that occurred during 3–6 July 2005 and its impact on the settlements, roads, and land, using field observation (including some from 2005), GIS software (ArcGIS), software for flood simulations (HEC-RAS—Hydrologic Engineering Center River Analysis System), and flow data from the Romanian National Institute of Hydrology. Simulations were run in HEC-RAS. The obtained flooded areas imported back into GIS (Geographic Information System) were used to determine the area covered by water and the length of affected roads. The surface and number of flooded buildings were calculated using different tools from ArcMap. Results were interpreted, commented on, and compared with data and maps provided by the Romanian Water National Administration. The simulation shows that the villages would be protected from the flood by building a levee along the Vedea River. Significant losses can be prevented, and money can be saved.

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Ogawa, Satoshi, Kyosuke Yamamoto, Kenichi Uno, Nguyen Cong Thuan, Takashi Togami und Soji Shindo. „Optimal Water Level Management for Mitigating GHG Emissions through Water-Conserving Irrigation in An Giang Province, Vietnam“. Sensors 22, Nr. 21 (02.11.2022): 8418. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22218418.

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Rational water and fertilizer management approaches and technologies could improve water use efficiency and fertilizer use efficiency in paddy rice cultivation. A promising water-conserving technology for paddy rice farming is the alternate wetting and drying irrigation system, established by the International Rice Research Institute. However, the strategy has still not been widely adopted, because water level measurement is challenging work and sometimes leads to a decrease in the rice yield. For the easy implementation of alternate wetting and drying among farmers, we analyzed a dataset obtained from a farmer’s water management study carried out over a three-year period with three cropping seasons at six locations (n = 82) in An Giang Province, Southern Vietnam. We observed a significant relationship between specific water level management and the rice yield and greenhouse gas emissions during different growth periods. The average water level during the crop period was an important factor in increasing the rice yield and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. The average water level at 2 days after nitrogen fertilization also showed a potential to increase the rice yield. The greenhouse gas emissions were reduced when the number of days of non-flooded soil use was increased by 1 day during the crop period. The results offer insights demonstrating that farmers’ implementation of multiple drainage during whole crop period and nitrogen fertilization period has the potential to contribute to both the rice yield increase and reduction in greenhouse gas emissions from rice cultivation.

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Qiu, Jane. „Safeguarding China's water resources“. National Science Review 5, Nr. 1 (01.01.2018): 102–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nsr/nwy007.

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Abstract Water is scarce in China. The country ekes by with only one-quarter of the global average for water per person. The scarcity is exacerbated by rampant pollution—with devastating consequences on ecosystems, food supply and public health. In the face of growing population, water pollution threatens the very survival of the Chinese nation. In his speech at the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China last October, President Xi Jinping repeatedly emphasized the importance to redress the balance between economic development and environmental protection. One of his most frequently cited phrases is ‘clean waters and lush mountains are gold and silver’. And he has matched his rhetoric with action. In April 2015, the State Council, China's cabinet, issued the Water Pollution and Control Action Plan (known as Shuishitiao or Water Ten Plan)—widely hailed as the toughest and most comprehensive water policy to date. Last October, it announced a five-year plan to tackle water pollution, with a budget of 700 billion yuan (US$106 billion). The country's top legislature has also revised the Water Prevention and Control Law, which will go into effect in early 2018. In a forum chaired by National Science Review’s Executive Editor-in-Chief Mu-ming Poo, a panel of experts of diverse backgrounds and perspectives discussed the current status of China's water resources, their views on the comprehensive policy package, how national initiatives have been going, what the challenges are and why information transparency and public participation are absolutely essential in environmental protection. Weijiang Liu Hydrologist at the Chinese Academy for Environmental Planning, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Beijing, China Ji Shen Environment scientist at Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China Chunmiao Zheng Hydrologist at Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China Jun Ma Founder and director of the non-governmental organization Institute of Public and Environmental Affairs, Beijing, China Tao Tao Environment scientist at the College of Environmental Science and Engineering and the Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment at Tongji University, Shanghai, China Mu-ming Poo (Chair) Director, Institute of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China

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Hernandez-Escobedo, Quetzalcoatl, Jesus Alejandro Franco und Alberto-Jesus Perea-Moreno. „GIS-Based Wind and Solar Power Assessment in Central Mexico“. Applied Sciences 12, Nr. 24 (13.12.2022): 12800. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app122412800.

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In Mexico, the economic and industrial development is in the center and north; this represents more than 50% of the country’s total consumption. Data on population and energy consumption will be obtained from the following sources: the National Institute of Geography and Statistics (INEGI), and the Energy Information System. Regarding meteorological data, two databases are used: the Automatic Weather Stations (AWS) (for solar irradiance data) and the MERRA-2 reanalysis data (for wind data). These data will be analyzed for use in a geographic information system (GIS) using kriging interpolation to create maps of solar and wind energy. The area studied includes the following states: Mexico City, Puebla, State of Mexico, Hidalgo, Morelos, Zacatecas, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi, Guanajuato, Aguascalientes and Tlaxcala. The results showed that the areas with the highest solar potential are Hidalgo, Estado de México, Morelos, northern Puebla, southern Queretaro, northwestern Guanajuato, and northern Zacatecas, with 5.89 kWh/m2/day, and the months with the highest solar potential are March, April, May, and June. Regarding wind potential, the maximum wind power density is in Puebla, with 517 W/m2, and the windy season in central Mexico spans June, July, August, September, October, and November.

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Lemos, Angelo, Laiza Andrade, Larissa Franklin, Diego Bezerra, Renato Ghisolfi, Rosio Maita und Paulo Nobre. „Ship Route Oil Spill Modeling: A Case Study of the Northeast Brazil Event, 2019“. Applied Sciences 14, Nr. 2 (19.01.2024): 865. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app14020865.

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In this study, we investigate the circulation and chemical processes associated with the deposition of the largest oil spill that reached the northeast coast of Brazil during the second half of 2019. Using the Oil Spill Contingency And Response model (OSCAR), we performed both deterministic and probabilistic simulations of oil spills from tanker ships that were present in the sea in the region at the time. The study used a dataset comprising the latitudinal distribution of oil sightings along the coast between 31 August and 2 December 2019 (box plot analysis) provided by the Brazilian Institute of Environment and Renewable Natural Resources (IBAMA). The total amount of oil that reached the coast during this period (approximately 5000 tons) and the date and location of the first sighting (30 August, in the southern part of the state of Paraíba (PB)) were also used as parameters to assess the results of the 31 simulations conducted for ships en route near the area of interest between July and August 2019. The results indicate that a leak having occurred through a mobile source is the most plausible hypothesis for explaining the observed temporal–spatial arrival of the oil leaks along the Brazilian coastline. We suggest that prevention, monitoring, and international cooperation are essential for reducing the risks of future environmental accidents of the kind analyzed in this study and to protect the environment and communities affected.

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Naicker, Rowan, Onisimo Mutanga, Kabir Peerbhay und Naeem Agjee. „The Detection of Nitrogen Saturation for Real-Time Fertilization Management within a Grassland Ecosystem“. Applied Sciences 13, Nr. 7 (27.03.2023): 4252. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13074252.

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Unfettered agricultural activities have severely degraded vast areas of grasslands over the last decade. To rehabilitate and restore the productivity in affected grasslands, rangeland management practices still institute vast nitrogen-based fertilization regimes. However, excessive fertilization can often have damaging environmental effects. Over-fertilization can lead to nitrogen saturation. Although early indicators of nitrogen saturation have been documented, research detailing the near-real-time nitrogen saturation status of grasslands is required to better facilitate management protocols and optimize biomass production within degraded grasslands. Hence, the aim of this study was to discriminate nitrogen-saturated tropical grasses grown under a diverse fertilization treatment trial, using Worldview-3 satellite imagery and decision tree techniques. To accomplish this, nitrogen-saturated plots were first identified through specific physiological-based criteria. Thereafter, Worldview-3 satellite imagery (400–1040 nm) and decision tree techniques were applied to discriminate between nitrogen-saturated and -unsaturated grassland plots. The results showed net nitrate (NO3−-N) concentrations and net pH levels to be significantly different (α = 0.05) between saturated and non-saturated plots. Moreover, the random forest model (overall accuracy of 91%) demonstrated a greater ability to classify saturated plots as opposed to the classification and regression tree method (overall accuracy of 79%). The most important variables for classifying saturated plots were identified as: the Red-Edge (705–745 nm), Coastal (400–450 nm), Near-Infrared 3 (838–950 nm), Soil-Adjusted Vegetation Index (SAVI) and the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index 3 (NDVI3). These results provide a framework to assist rangeland managers in identifying grasslands within the initial stages of nitrogen saturation. This will enable fertilization treatments to be adjusted in near-real-time according to ecosystem demand and thereby maintain the health and longevity of Southern African grasslands.

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Konak, R., und A. Kerfoot. „Bachelor of Applied Petroleum Engineering Technology: The First Degree Program At the Southern Alberta Institute of Technology“. Journal of Canadian Petroleum Technology 38, Nr. 05 (01.05.1999). http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/99-05-06.

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Exall, D., und Alec Kerfoot. „The First Five Years of the Bachelor of Applied Petroleum Engineering Technology Degree Program at the Southern Alberta Institute of Technology“. Journal of Canadian Petroleum Technology 40, Nr. 10 (01.10.2001). http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/01-10-ge.

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Radcliffe, K. T., A. M. Wright, B. A. Zaitlin und D. S. Wray. „Chemostratigraphy of the Lower Cretaceous Basal Quartz in Southern Alberta“. Journal of Canadian Petroleum Technology 41, Nr. 12 (01.12.2002). http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/02-12-tn.

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