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1
Abdullah, Azrai bin. „From natural economy to capitalism : the state and economic transformation in Perak, Malaysia c.1800-2000“. Thesis, University of Hull, 2007. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:11278.
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The thesis provides the first description and analysis of long-term economic change and development in the Peninsular Malaysian State of Perak from about 1800 to 2000. Although a considerable number of studies have been undertaken on the colonial economy of Perak focusing on tin and rubber production, given the vital importance of these commodities and of Perak's position in the British imperial enterprise, very little research has been done in relating the state's pre-colonial status and its colonial development to post-independence transformations. The thesis coordinates and re-evaluates the material on colonial period concentrating particularly on the available statistical data and the relations between tin, rubber and rice. It then links colonial developments with contemporary change by examining the three key economic elements of land, labour and capital, and utilises a considerable amount of government economic data on the recent period. It also considers the relations between the policies and practices of the colonial and post-colonial state and processes of economic development. It argues that the role of the state, though different and changing, has been vitally important in promoting and underpinning economic transformations from British intervention in 1874 until the present. The major change can be characterised as the transition from a primarily 'natural' economy to a 'state capitalist' one.
2
Saha, Subrata Kumar. „Effects of structural changes on the intertemporal relationship between government expenditure and government revenue of South-East Asian economy“. Thesis, University of North Bengal, 2016. http://ir.nbu.ac.in/handle/123456789/2632.
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3
Ladpli, Pimpen. „Economic policy and development in south-east Asian economies“. Thesis, University of Southampton, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.390602.
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4
Mohammadi, Saeed Mirza. „Economic growth across the Asian countries : an econometric analysis“. Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.367093.
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5
Heng, Derek Tiam Soon. „Economic interaction between China and the Malacca Straits region, tenth to fourteenth centuries A.D“. Thesis, University of Hull, 2005. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:5611.
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There are nine chapters in the present study. Chapter one consists of the introduction. Chapters two to four contain brief surveys of the sources from which the present study draws much of its primary information. Chapter five details the changes in the administration of maritime trade in China, and the impact that it had on the role of maritime trade in the Chinese economy and on Chinese maritime trade practices. Chapter six focuses on the Malacca Straits region's maritime state-level diplomatic and trade exchanges with China, against the backdrop of changes in China's view and administration of maritime trade. Chapter seven examines the general trends that occurred in the trade in Malacca Straits region products to China. Chapter eight details the developments in the trade of key categories of Chinese products to the Malacca Straits region, and examines the changing patterns of the Chinese products trade at the regional and sub-regional levels. Chapter nine serves as the conclusion, drawing together the strands of information in the preceding chapters, and providing an overview of the changing patterns of trade between the two regions over a period of four centuries.
6
Uchino, Megumi. „Songket of Palembang : socio-cultural and economic change in a South Sumatran textile tradition“. Thesis, University of Hull, 2006. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:6434.
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7
Roberts, Christopher. „Southeast Asia: moving beyond the construction of a mascent security community?“ University of Southern Queensland, Faculty of Arts, 2002. http://eprints.usq.edu.au/archive/00001497/.
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This study applies Deutsch’s security community framework to the states of Southeast Asia in order to assess whether or not, as at September 2002, there exist dependable expectations of peaceful change. The study has three primary goals. The first is to develop the framework so it may better reflect the realities of interstate and communal relations in Southeast Asia. The second is to assess whether or not Southeast Asia has in fact moved beyond the construction of a nascent security community where there exists adequate empirical evidence to suggest a future sustainable course towards ‘dependable expectations of peaceful change’. The third seeks to analyse the potential for Southeast Asia, as a community of states, to evolve to the higher tiers of integration and be characterised as a mature security community, where disputes between states and state-elites will be resolved without recourse to violence. In investigating these tasks, the dissertation considers a broad range of issues, including (but not limited to): the multilateral security frameworks embracing the region; the impact of ethnic and religious tensions as well as non-traditional security issues (with a focus here on narcotics and piracy); and the impact of terrorism and the recent economic crisis on the normative behaviours and ideologies of state elites throughout the region. It is found that while a substantial degree of interaction, integration and cooperation has developed in Southeast Asia, these developments have been insufficient to alleviate a number of traditional security issues and tensions (such as border and territorial conflicts). Consequently, there exists only a transient sense of expectations of peaceful change throughout Southeast Asia and this level of integration is characterised by the dissertation to represent nothing more than the embryonic phase of a security community’s evolution.
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Hartje, Rebecca [Verfasser]. „Economic transformation of rural livelihoods in South-East Asia / Rebecca Hartje“. Hannover : Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1172414580/34.
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9
Alfonso, Pérez Gerardo. „The South East Asia Capital Markets: 1995-2015“. Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/673889.
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The South-East Asia region is an increasingly economically important region due to its large population and development potential. The region has however experienced phases of substantial economic turmoil such as for instance the South-East Asia financial crisis of the 90’s. This dissertation analyses the short-term and long-term impacts of the financial crisis from a stock market point of view. This dissertation adds to the existing literature by focusing on the equity market rather than on the foreign exchange market which is the area covered in most of the existing literature. The results shows that the South-East Asia crisis was a rather complex event with quantitatively distinct phases. Granger causality and adjusted volatility analysis were also carried out. In both cases controlling for preexisting relations. The analysis shows that the South-East Asia financial crisis was a rather complex event, perhaps more complex than it is normally assumed, with dynamic interactions among the equity markets of the countries/jurisdictions analyzed. It will be shown that there was no country/jurisdiction that consistently drove the performance of the other countries/jurisdictions in the region. It will be also shown that the importance of some equity markets in the region shifted with for instance the equity market of Thailand becoming less regionally important and other countries, such as South Korea, becoming more important compared to the pre-crisis period.
It was also analyzed the impact of the legal system in the performance of the equity markets in the region. Most of the analyzed countries/jurisdictions analyzed, with the noticeable exception of Thailand, were colonized and the colonizing country tended to impose their own legal system. Three groups of major legal systems were analyzed including the English, French and German legal systems. Typically in the existing literature there is a four group usually called the Scandinavian system. However, this group was not included because Scandinavian countries did not colonize South-East Asia. The results suggest that the type of legal system has a statistically significant impact on equity performance. The results also suggest, but with less statistical robustness, that the English system appears to have an advantage, from an equity market performance point of view, compared to the French and German. The analysis was carried out using classical econometric models, controlling for several drivers of the stock market performance, as well as using a more systematic approach for model factor selection, using a Lasso algorithm. The Lasso regression automatically choses which drivers to use (from a pool of drivers) for a model. In this way the driver selection is more objective.
Finally, it was proposed an approach to try to detect Black Swan events such as financial crisis. The algorithm automatically selects the parameters of the forecasting algorithm used. For example, the length of the training data and the number of neurons in a neural network but can be extended to other forecasting techniques. This automated approach presents two advantages. First, it avoids the risk of biased model selection. After a financial crisis has happened it is tempting to find a quantitative model that (a posteriori) is able to detect the crisis, such as for instance changing the length of the training dataset until the model fits the data. Second, it is also allows for comparison among techniques that might require different parameter selections, such as the above mentioned length of the training data.
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Anderson, Samuel John. „Exploring The Variation of Economic Performance Within Developing Democracies: an Institutional Analysis of East and South-East Asia“. Thesis, University of Canterbury. Political Science and Communication, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/1021.
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This thesis explores the impact of democratic institutions amongst the Asian developing countries. There has been debate about the successful economic rise of these seven countries; however, questions remain over the differing levels of economic performance. Institutional literature has paid scant attention to the role of democracy, and how this has influenced economic development throughout Asia. This thesis explores the relationships between four democratic institutions - cabinets, party-systems, electoral systems and bicameralism - and economic performance across six developing democracies, in addition to Japan. Using current democratic institutional literature derived from OECD countries, this thesis expands the scope to include new countries. The analysis employs both statistical methods and case studies to assess the relationships between four democratic institutions and seven socio-economic indicators between 1986 and 2005. The linear regressions provided evidence that coalition cabinets are correlated with lower levels of inflation and unemployment, but large multi-party legislatures are not. This thesis also found correlations between strong second legislative chambers and higher FDI, lower tariffs and higher income inequality. Although this is an exploratory thesis, I suggest that democratic institutional analysis within Asia does warrant further examination; an assessment of the specific institutions may provide us with clearer notions regarding economic development.
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Ooi, Keat Gin. „An economic history of Sarawak during the period of Brooke rule, 1841-1946“. Thesis, University of Hull, 1995. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:3479.
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12
Hajek, Patricia K. „Migrant workers in South-East Asia economic and social inequality in Indonesia, Malaysia, and Singapore /“. Orlando, Fla. : University of Central Florida, 2008. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/CFE0002152.
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Lindberg, Lena. „The regionalisation process in Southeast Asia and the economic integration of Cambodia and Laos into ASEAN /“. Göteborg : Göteborg Univ, 2007. http://www.gbv.de/dms/zbw/559192932.pdf.
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14
Frisk, Mårten. „Economic bureaucracy and the South Korean developmental state“. Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för samhällsvetenskaper, SV, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-23814.
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South Korea underwent a period of high economic growth which propelled it from low to high income status in just a few decades. Instrumental in this process of rapid industrial transformation was the economic bureaucracy which formulated and implemented policies. This thesis details the role played by bureaucratic organizations in South Korea’s development and how they were able to formulate successful economic policies. In analyzing the economic bureaucracy in South Korea, a framework is used to determine its level of autonomy from special interests as well as the degree of public-private cooperation. The study finds that the high levels of corporate coherence and autonomy from special interests within the economic bureaucracy can partially be ascribed to the meticulously meritocratic recruitment and promotion process which was established prior to the first years of high economic growth. At a higher level of abstraction, the study concludes that South Korea benefited from having a strong imperative to develop its economy due to numerous external and domestic conditions. Although the level of applicability in other contexts is found to be limited, the emergence of a competent and relatively incorrupt bureaucracy remains one aspect which could possibly be reproduced elsewhere.
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Duah, Samuel Agyeman. „Exchange rate dynamics in a small open economy : theory and evidence from South East Asia pre - 1997 financial crises“. Thesis, University of Essex, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.437822.
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16
Lee, Wang Hwi. „The political power of economic ideas : comparative policy responses to the East Asian financial crisis in South Korea and Malaysia“. Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2005. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1784/.
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This thesis explores the politics of economic adjustment in South Korea and Malaysia. Empirically, it examines how Korea and Malaysia responded to the East Asian financial crisis. A widespread perception is that Korea pursued orthodox policies (the Washington consensus) while Malaysia used unorthodox policies (the post-Washington consensus). However, this interpretation exaggerates the divergence in macroeconomic adjustment policies (e.g., different exchange rate regime policy and their relationship with the IMF), thereby underestimating the 'policy' convergence in macroeconomic stabilisation and structural reform at least from late 1997 to mid-1998. For this reason, this thesis explores the convergence and divergence in a balanced perspective. Theoretically, it interprets why the 'policy' convergence emerged between Korea and Malaysia from an ideational perspective. The convergence was caused, in part, by economic ideas - the Washington consensus or neoliberalism - that prevailed among both the international financial institutions (IFIs) and national policy makers. The consensus de-legitimised the existing economic system by attributing the underlying causes of the financial crisis to structural weaknesses in the financial and corporate sectors. In addition, the consensus provided a far-reaching blueprint for institutional change. This is why both countries embraced neoliberal policies particularly in structural reform, irrespective of IMF interventions. The emphasis on economic ideas does not mean that ideational approaches overlook the role of interests and institutions. Vested interests - big business and organised labour - and state capacity had a considerable impact on policy-making. Thus ideas-oriented approaches are complementary to - rather than conflicting with - interest-oriented and institution-oriented approaches.
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Hsieh, Michelle Fei-yu. „The East Asian miracle revisited : the Taiwan-South Korea comparison based on a case study of the bicycle industry“. Thesis, McGill University, 2005. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=100625.
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Through an in-depth case study of the bicycle industry, this dissertation examines the claims of the developmental state thesis insofar as they pertain to the facilitating of industrial transformation in Taiwan and Korea. The bicycle industry has been chosen because it has the capacity to generate forward and backward linkages to the domestic societies, a capacity that development theorists consider to be an indicator of successful industrial development. I examine the developmental state thesis by investigating how firms compete internationally in the context of state-led export development as well as the conditions that permit upgrading, that is, those that make possible the transition to higher value-added economic activities.This dissertation makes two principal claims: First, what is understood as the East Asian model in the current state-centric literature is really only the Korean model. I contend, however, that there are, in fact, two competing paths/models of East Asian development. Moreover, I argue that existing social structures deserve attention. I argue that the differences in social structures create different relational dynamics between the state and society despite the often-emphasized "state-autonomy" factor, and that they have given rise to the different industrial structures in the two countries studied. Second, the existing state-centric literature implicitly or explicitly infers that the Korean model, in which state and large corporations work closely together, is the key for future growth for late comers. Contrary to this view, I illustrate how upgrading is possible among small- and medium-sized enterprises in Taiwan under a relatively egalitarian system and a particular type of state-society relationship. The state, in this context, provides infrastructural support, which, I argue, is important for preserving horizontal cooperation among firms. This cooperation among firms encourages information and technology diffusion that flows through the economy and leads to the improvement of the social and economic well being of the whole society. On the other hand, the Korean case suggests that the power imbalance and over-dominance of an industrial structure by a few firms leads to a more predatory, vertical and dependent relationship between the large assemblers and smaller parts firms. The Korean policy of picking winners encourages the expansion of large business groups and a mass production system, which, in turn, prevent inter-firm cooperation. The system of the state-large corporation nexus has been effective in catching up in targeted sectors, but I contend that the upgrading does not cascade to other sectors. Moreover, the system has thwarted the development of entrepreneurship in the sector of small- and medium-sized enterprises.
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Brotto, Lucio. „Influence of corporate responsibility on financial return in forest plantations: case studies from South America, South East Asia and Africa“. Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3424028.
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Investments in planted forests in emerging markets are increasing and investors are looking for Sustainable and Responsible Investments (SRI) to integrate Environmental, Social And Governance (ESG) into the investment process.
This study is presenting a first attempt to develop a framework to evaluate the ESG performance of investments in planted forests and to identify relations between the use of SRI tools and the financial performance of investments in planted forests.
The analysis of 121 investments in planted forests allowed the identification of 339 organizations and 50 SRI tools (e.g.: management and investment standards, investment rating) operating with investments in planted forests in emerging markets. The analysis of the 50 SRI tools resulted in the definition of a ESG Reference Document including 155 issues. These issues were organized into an ESG Risk Assessment and have been tested in 12 case studies evenly distributed between Uganda, Cambodia and Vietnam.
The results suggest that the most common instruments are management standards (e.g.: FSC), bank investment policies (e.g.: ABN AMRO Forest and Plantation Policy) and investment rating systems (e.g.: FairForest). The majority of the SRI tools have a broad sectoral approach and are managed by business organizations. Investors are using more than 30 SRI tools but these are characterized by a low level of control such as signature and/or participation or at the most a conformity declaration. On the contrary plantation companies are using less instruments but with top level of control such conformity assessment and certification.
Aspects related to “Legal and Institutional framework” and “Environment” are the most represented inside SRI tools. On the contrary aspects such as “Minimum percentage of protected areas”, “Poverty reduction” and “Prevention of encroachment” are not only the less frequent issues but also the less controlled issues by SRI tools.
The Gold Standard and the Forest Stewardship Council are the SRI tools with the highest performance among the 50 SRI tools analysed.
The ESG Risk Assessment allows to identify the most important 25 issues and reveals that SRI tools are focusing on issues that on-the-ground are not the major risk sources. This is the case of “Third party certification” and “High Conservation Value Forests” (HCVFs). Few exemptions where SRI tools are properly identifying the major risks are “Tenure rights”, “Health and safety of workers” and “Social impact assessment”. Climate change impacts, long term financial sustainability, poverty reduction and encroachment are ranked as the most dangerous sources of risk across the 12 case studies.
SRI tools are positively influencing the risk mitigation, accounting for a percentage of risk mitigation that ranges from 34.31 till 60.63%. FSC certification was often reported by projects’ stakeholders as a key instrument to mitigate risk of investments in planted forests.Gli investimenti in piantagioni forestali nei mercati emergenti sono in aumento e gli investitori sono alla ricerca di Investimenti Sostenibili e Responsabili (SRI) per integrare le problematiche Ambientali, Sociali e di Governance (ESG) nel processo di investimento. Questo studio presenta un primo tentativo di sviluppo di un sistema di valutazione della performance in termini di ESG degli investimenti in piantagioni forestali e di identificare le relazioni tra l'uso di strumenti di SRI e il rendimento finanziario degli investimenti. L'analisi di 121 investimenti in piantagioni forestali ha permesso l'identificazione di 339 organizzazioni e 50 strumenti di SRI (es.: standard per la gestione delle piantagioni e degli investimenti, strumenti di rating degli investimenti) che operano con investimenti in piantagioni forestali nei mercati emergenti. L'analisi dei 50 strumenti di SRI ha portato alla definizione di un Documento di Riferimento ESG che comprende una lista delle 155 problematiche riscontrabile nel processo di investimento. Queste problematiche sono state organizzate in un ESG Risk Assessment e sono state testate in 12 casi di studio distribuiti uniformemente tra Uganda, Cambogia e Vietnam. I risultati suggeriscono che i strumenti di SRI più comunemente utilizzati sono gli standard per la gestione delle piantagioni (es.: FSC), le politiche di investimento delle banche (es.: ABN AMRO Forest and Policy Plantation) e I sistemi di rating degli investimenti (es.: Fairforest). I strumenti di SRI hanno per lo più un ampio approccio settoriale e sono gestiti da organizzazioni con finalità di lucro. Gli investitori utilizzano più di 30 strumenti di SRI, ma questi sono caratterizzati da bassi livelli di controllo come la firma e/o la partecipazione o la dichiarazione di conformità. Al contrario, le aziende forestali utilizzano un numero inferiore di strumenti ma questi sono caratterizzati da sistemi di controllo di livello superiore, come ad esempio la valutazione della conformità e la certificazione. Le problematiche relative ad "Aspetti legali ed istituzionali" e all’ "Ambiente" sono le più frequenti all'interno degli strumenti di SRI. Al contrario, le problematiche quali "Percentuale minima di aree protette", "Riduzione della povertà" e "Prevenzione dell’encroachment" non solo sono meno frequenti, ma risultano essere quelle meno controllate dagli strumenti di SRI. Il Gold Standard e il Forest Stewardship Council sono gli strumenti SRI con le migliori prestazioni tra i 50 strumenti di SRI analizzati. Il ESG Risk Assessment applicato nei 12 casi studio ha permesso di identificare le 25 problematiche più importanti e rivela come gli strumenti di SRI si concentrino su problematiche che in termini operativi non sono le principali fonti di rischio. Questo è per esempio il caso della "Certificazione di parte terza" e delle "Foreste ad Alto Valore di Conservazione" (HCVFs). Fanno eccezione le problematiche legate a “Diritti di proprietà”, “Salute e salvaguardia dei lavoratori” ed “Valutazione dell’impatto Sociale” che sono largamente trattate dai strumenti di SRI. I fattori di rischio maggiori riscontrati nei 12 casi studio sono gli impatti dei cambiamenti climatici, la sostenibilità finanziaria, la riduzione della povertà e l’encroachment. L’utilizzo degli strumenti di SRI permette di aumentare la mitigazione del rischio fino a valori tra il 34.31 ed il 60.63%. I stakeholders intervistati dichiarano che la certificazione FSC è lo strumento chiave per la riduzione dei rischi negli investimenti in piantagioni forestali.
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Yerrabati, Sridevi. „Economic governance, foreign direct investment and economic growth in South and East Asia Pacific region : evidence from systematic literature reviews and meta-analysis“. Thesis, University of Greenwich, 2014. http://gala.gre.ac.uk/13958/.
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Good economic governance is considered to be one of the key drivers of both inward FDI and economic growth. In spite of this wide belief, empirical estimates focusing on South and East Asia Pacific countries are less than conclusive. The aim of this thesis is to summarise the empirical findings of existing studies on the effect of governance on FDI, FDI on growth and governance on growth for South and East Asia & Pacific regions using systematic literature review and meta-regression analysis. Findings of first meta-regression analysis based on 771 estimates from 48 empirical studies suggest that, except for corruption all measures of governance have an important effect on FDI. While on one hand political stability, government effectiveness and regulation are positively related to FDI, on the other hand rule of law is negatively related to FDI. As expected, aggregate governance has positive effect FDI. Results of second meta-regression analysis applied to 633 estimates from 37 empirical studies indicate that FDI shows growth enhancing effect in the region as a whole. While FDI showed growth enhancing effects in the case of all estimates, estimates controlling for endogeneity and South East Asia, I did not have sufficient observations in the case of South Asia and East Asia to reach firm conclusions. The findings of third meta-regression analysis using 554 estimates from 29 studies suggest that except for corruption, other measures of governance such as law and aggregate governance have positive effect on growth. Surprisingly, in case of voice and accountability, research literature has failed to provide evidence of genuine effect of it on growth. In addition to the above, this thesis highlights that effect size and statistical significance of the reported estimates depends on study, real world, author and journal related aspects. The results of these three studies have important policy implications.
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Willén, Jenny. „International trade with waste : do developed countries use the third world as a garbage-can or can it be a possible win-win situation? /“. Uppsala : Uppsala University. Department of Economics, 2008. http://www.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:132259/FULLTEXT01.
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Alverhed, Elin, und Frida Kåvik. „The decoupling process of CO2 emissions and economic growth : A comparative study between the European Union and middle income countries in South and East Asia“. Thesis, Jönköping University, Internationella Handelshögskolan, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-49616.
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This paper compares and analyzes the decoupling processes of carbon emissions to economic growth in the European Union and South and East Asian middle income countries. This is done through econometric methods, testing for a relationship between CO2 and GDP. The study is conducted by first testing for the hypothesis that there is a significant difference of the turning points between the EU and the Asian region, and thereafter if there is a significant difference in the decoupling processes. The findings show that the Asian middle income countries have a lower turning point than the EU. It is also found that the EU experienced absolute decoupling in 2014, whereas the Asian countries only experienced weak relative decoupling. The study is based on four theories; The Environmental Kuznets curve, Tapio’s Decoupling model Theory, Rostow’s Stage of Growth Theory and the Ecological Modernization Theory. The findings, together with the theories, show that improved technology, together with implementations of international policies, can have positive effects on environmental changes.
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Brown, James, und katsuben@internode on net. „South Korean Film Since 1986: The Domestic and Regional Formulation of East Asias Most Recent Commercial Entertainment Cinema“. Flinders University. School of Humanities (Screen Studies), 2006. http://catalogue.flinders.edu.au./local/adt/public/adt-SFU20071122.143238.
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This thesis investigates the historically composed political and economic contexts that contributed to the late 1990s commercial renaissance of Korean national cinema and that have sustained the popularity of Korean films among local and regional audiences ever since. Unlike existing approaches to the topic, which emphasise the textual characteristics of national film production, this thesis considers relations between film production, distribution, exhibition, and ancillary markets, as well as Korean cinemas engagement with international cinemas such as Hollywood, Hong Kong, China and Japan. I argue that following the relaxation of restrictive film policy towards the importation and distribution of foreign films between 1986 and 1988, the subsequent failure of the domestic film industry to compete against international competition precipitated a remarkable shift in consensus regarding the industrys structure and functions. Due to the loss of distribution rights to foreign films and the rapid decline in ticket sales for Korean films, the continued economic viability of local film companies was under enormous threat by the early 1990s. The government reacted by permitting conglomerates to seize control of the industry and pursue vertical and horizontal integration. During the rest of the decade, Korean cinema was transformed from an art cinema to a commercial entertainment cinema. The 1997/98 economic crisis led to the exit of conglomerate finance, but streamlined film companies were able to withstand the monetary meltdown, continue the domestic revitalisation, and, since the late 1990s, build media empires based on the expansion of Korean cinema throughout the Asian region.
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Parc, Jimmyn. „An eclectic approach to enhancing the competitive advantage of nations : analyzing the success factors of East Asian economies with a focus on the development of South Korea“. Thesis, Paris 4, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA040086/document.
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Les théories économiques existantes se concentrent sur les avantages que possède chaque pays en tant que facteurs essentiels pour le développement. Cependant, le succès sans précédent des économies d’Asie de l’Est, comme Hong Kong, Singapour, Taiwan et la Corée du Sud, ne peut pas être convenablement expliqué par ces théories antérieures car ces économies ont commencé leur développement sans avantages significatifs. L’examen du succès de ces économies devrait être abordé dans une perspective différente. Le but de la thèse est de développer une nouvelle approche laquelle permet de mieux déterminer les facteurs clés de la réussite du développement économique des quatre « dragons asiatiques »Existing economic theories focus on advantages that nations possess as a key factor to growth and success. However, the unprecedented success of East Asian economies cannot be appropriately explained by these earlier theories. The success of these countries should be addressed in a different way because they started their economic growth without any significant advantages. Therefore, the purpose of this dissertation is to develop a new paradigm that can fully explain the key success factors for the economic development of East Asian economies
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Olguin, Alvarez Erik Sabah Fred. „The influence of financial markets and institutions on the economical growth : (the interest rate spread) Chile and Taiwan /“. Skövde : University of Skövde. School of Technology and Society, 2008. http://www.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:2170/FULLTEXT01.
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Rørtveit, Tore. „An imperial tradition offering more faith than science : 70 år med britisk imperiehistorie : en historiografisk analyse av behandlingen av Det østindiske handelskompanieti tre britiske historieverk på 1900-tallet /“. Bergen : Department of Archaeology, History, Cultural Studies and the History of Religions, University of Bergen, 2008. https://bora.uib.no/bitstream/1956/2915/1/45488517.pdf.
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de, Leon Justin. „PHILIPPINE ECONOMIC AND POLITICAL DEVELOPMENT AND PHILIPPINE MUSLIM UNREST“. Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2008. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/4217.
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Muslim culture and society has been a part of the Philippine islands in spite of nearly ninety-five percent of the population being Christian (a majority Catholic), yet did not become a separatist movement until the 1970's. Since then, the two main separatist groups the Moro National Liberation Front (MNLF) and the Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF) have been battling the Philippine government. The parties entered truces in 1996 and 2001, yet there has been a cycle of violence continues. The Abu Sayyaf Group (ASG), linked to Al Qaeda, emerged in 1990 and has launched many attacks on the Christian Philippine majority. The prolonged Muslim unrest in the ARMM has left thousands dead and hundreds of thousands displaced. The main objective of this research paper is to examine Philippine economic and political development and its impact on Philippine Muslim unrest. This paper presents a critical analysis of the economic and political development and Philippine Muslim unrest by examining six major features of the Philippines; they are: The historical evolution, economic development, political development, socio-cultural setting, geographic setting, and the quality of life of the Filipino people. This research also examines Fareed Zakaria's illiberal democracies theory, liberal institutionalism, and the Marxist theory of class revolution and primarily relies on research conducted at the University of the Philippines and from Philippine and Asian scholars. By taking a holistic comprehensive approach and by using international relations theory, this research fills two gaps in the literature about Philippine Muslim unrest. The research concludes with a look at future challenges, both short term and long term that face the country, as well as, possible future scenarios. The findings of this research are that the economic and political development and the historical evolution, though major contributory factors, are not the sole reason for the prolonged Philippine Muslim unrest. The most pervasive causal factor to Muslim unrest was the socio-cultural setting. Because of the all-pervasive nature of culture; at first glance, the socio-cultural setting was not a major apparent cause. At almost all times examined throughout this research, certain cultural tendencies guided decisions and altered the course of events more so than any other single variable. Corruption, crony capitalism, patrimonialism, and irrational institutions all stem from the tendencies of Philippine culture must be addressed to find lasting peace in the country. A move toward rational legal institutions and liberal constitutionalism, will lead the way to the creation of a liberal democracy and break the cycle of violence occurring in the Philippines.M.A.
Department of Political Science
Sciences
Political Science MA
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Platonova, Anastasia Vladimirovna. „From "East Asian miracle" to "crony capitalism" : the role of the International Monetary Fund in the political economy of the 1997-98 financial crisis in South Korea“. 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1828/571.
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Ng, Thiam Hee. „Economic integration in South East Asia“. 2000. http://www.library.wisc.edu/databases/connect/dissertations.html.
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Chih-wei, Shen, und 沈志偉. „Does Taiwan Stock market, comparing to South-east Asian countries, reflect upon international economic risk efficiently“. Thesis, 1999. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/61626618928692418586.
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碩士國立臺灣大學
財務金融學研究所
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South-East Asian Financial Crisis caused great recession in South-East Asian countries, Taiwan, comparatively, was infected only slightly. A dispute on why Taiwan can be through the economic storm safe and sound, some suggest that it is because the economic situation and financial system in Taiwan was better than those in South-East Asian countries, while others think it due to capital control. This paper examines the influence of US stock market, which proxies the international economic risk, on Asian countries, to see if Taiwan, during the research period, behaved differently from other Asian countries, which suffer severely from the financial crisis. The Empirical results show : (1) Korea, which has strict capital control as well, did suffer from the financial crisis, but showed insignificant response to the fluctuation of US stock market, it imply the capital control in Taiwan might not be the main reason that Taiwan was only slightly affected by the financial crisis. (2) Investors in Asian countries pay more attention to Dow Jones Industrial index than to NASDAQ index. (3) Investors in Taiwan stock market tended to ignore the international economic risk before financial crisis, but did have their eyes on international information after financial crisis, and also behaved rationally.
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Bhujabal, Padmaja. „Essays on the Perspective of Foreign Direct Investment in South and South-East Asian Economies: Beyond its Growth Effects“. Thesis, 2022. http://ethesis.nitrkl.ac.in/10400/2/2022_PhD_PBhujabal_515HS3006_Essays.pdf.
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Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) is the process that enables the residents of one country to acquire ownership of assets in another country thereby controlling the production, distribution, and other activities in a firm of that country. The period of globalization in the 1990s marked the flow of private investment from developed countries to developing countries, mostly in the form of FDI. The developing countries are left behind in the process of economic growth due to lack of capital accumulation, poor infrastructural facilities, technological backwardness, low investment and paucity of research and development. FDI from the developed countries helps in boosting their economy by increasing investment and efficiency, leading to economic growth. It provides capital for financing new industries and enhancing the existing ones, boosts the infrastructure, creates new employment opportunities and increases productivity. It has been considered as a source of employment generation and modernization through transferring technical know-how and enhancement of technology. It helps in increasing the efficiency of resource use as well as total factor productivity in the host economy. As a result, it aids in increasing the production capacity and capital accumulation. Thus, it acts as a catalyst to economic growth. Prior to the 1990s, South Asia and Southeast Asia were only partially open to FDI; however, after realizing the importance of FDI in determining investment, economic growth, and employment, the governments of these regions began to act as 'facilitators' to draw FDI. South Asia and Southeast Asia have recently been favored recipients of FDI inflows due to their strong economic growth in services and exports, their sizable domestic market, and the favorable opinions of international investors. The World Bank anticipates that these regions will be crucial to the global development narrative in the Asian century. Although South Asia and Southeast Asia were only partially open to FDI before the 1990s, their governments came to understand that FDI is a key factor in determining investment, economic growth, and employment during this time and began acting as "facilitators" to draw FDI. Due to this, FDI inflows rose, making South Asia and Southeast Asia a more desirable location for foreign investors, albeit not as desirable as China or Brazil. This is due to the unfavorable business environment, which includes subpar infrastructure, stringent labour laws, a lack of coordination between government departments on policy, a policy for special economic zones (SEZs) that is dormant, a lack of institutional reforms, corruption, and cost and time overruns in infrastructure projects as a result of contractual and institutional failures, which are frequently brought on by a lack of coordination between central and state government departments on land acquisition and environmental clearance. The present study broadly examines the determinants and impact of FDI inflows in South Asian and Southeast Asian countries. The first objective of the study is to investigate the determinants of FDI inflows in South Asian and Southeast Asian countries. We have used data from WDI over the period 1980-2019 for this study. Six explanatory variables (market size, trade openness, infrastructure, inflation, exchange rate and human capital) were considered for the study. We used the Hausman test to determine which of the two models (fixed effect model and random effect model) fits our data the best. We found the fixed effect model to be the best fit and the results indicate that market size and human capital yield significant coefficients in relation to FDI inflow for the panel of 18 countries under consideration. The findings also reveal that the influence of inflation on FDI was negative and significant. This implies that with a decrease in the rate of inflation, FDI inflows increase in the South Asian and Southeast Asian countries. The second objective is to examine the role of foreign aid on FDI inflows and economic growth in South Asian and Southeast Asian countries. We examine the interrelationship among foreign aid, FDI and economic growth during 1980–2019. For unit root tests, we have applied LLC, IPS and PP-Fisher tests. After testing the stationarity of the variables, we run the Johansen-Fisher Co-integration test to establish the long run relationship among the variables during the concerned time period. Further we proceed with OLS, quantile regression and system GMM. Our empirical results from alternate empirical estimations suggest that FDI flows positively impact economic growth in the region. Whereas GDP growth attracts FDI only when entire in South Asian and Southeast Asian region as a whole is considered; underlying the importance of trade integration to benefit from foreign capital. In this regard, our findings also suggest that being a member of WTO have shown mixed impact on FDI and economic growth in the region. This clearly indicates that mere compliance of WTO norms might not work well for most of these economies due to their macroeconomic constraints and structural bottlenecks. We find that foreign aid flows have contemporaneous negative relation with FDI flows. The results indicate that foreign aid crowds out FDI. The third objective examines the effect of institutional quality on FDI inflows in South Asian and Southeast Asian countries by controlling the effects of macroeconomic instabilities during the period 2002-2019. We have used six governance indicators as a measure of institutional quality by the use of Principal Component Analysis. The governance indicators have been extracted from the WGI database. In this study, we have applied Iterated-GLS (IGLS) model for estimation of the results. We find that institutional quality affects FDI inflows in this region positively. Furthermore, we have investigated the impact of each of the six variables separately on FDI inflows and found that except for the 2 variables, that is, rule of law and voice and accountability, all the other institutional variables have a positive impact on FDI inflows. The fourth objective investigates the impact of FDI inflows on domestic investment in South Asian and Southeast Asian countries over the period 1990-2019. We have used various panel methods such as Westerlund co-integration, pooled OLS, fixed effect, GMM system, and FMOLS. We found the existence of long run stable relationship among the variables from the cointegration test. Further, the results showed that, in the South Asian and Southeast countries, a one unit increase in FDI led to increase in domestic investment by more than one unit in the long run. This implies that an increase in FDI will lead to improvement in the domestic investment in the South Asian and Southeast Asian countries. In other words, FDI crowds in domestic investment in these regions. Lastly, the fifth objective examines the effect of ICT and FDI on environmental pollution in South Asia and Southeast Asia during the year 1990–2019. We use Pooled Mean Group (PMG) and Dumitrescu-Hurlin Panel Causality for the estimation of the results. Our results suggest that ICT and FDI affect the carbon emissions or environmental pollution negatively. This implies that with the rise in ICT infrastructure and FDI inflows, environmental pollution decreases significantly in the long run. The Dumitrescu-Hurlin causality results suggest the existence of bidirectional causality among ICT and FDI which implies that increase in foreign investment leads to increase in ICT infrastructure and also, with increasing ICT infrastructure, the foreign investment increases in the South Asian and Southeast Asian countries.
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Shin, Wookhee. „Security, economic growth and the state dynamics of patron-client state relations in Northeast Asia /“. 1992. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/32357442.html.
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Sanderson, Jamie. „An analysis of climate change impact and adaptation for South East Asia“. Thesis, 2002. https://vuir.vu.edu.au/15292/.
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The economic impacts of climate change have the potential to be unevenly
distributed around the globe. In particular, the developing regions of the world will
likely be the most vulnerable to the impacts of climate change. In this dissertation
the region of South East Asia is the focus with respect to the economics of climate
change, an area of economics that is subject to great uncertainties with respect to
data, model specification and results. South East Asia is a rapidly developing region
both economically and socially, and in an environmental sense the countries of the
region encompass similar ecosystems and climatic conditions. Both of these factors
make it an interesting region for study. This dissertation examines the region's
vulnerability to the impacts of climate change, forecasts the environmental and
economic outcomes for the region arising from it's vulnerability and also the
opportunities these factors provide for policy actions towards alleviating climate
change vulnerability, particularly through adaptation.
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Popattanachai, Narun. „From Financial Liberalization to Financial Integration: A Legal Theory of Finance Reinterpretation of the Asian Financial Crisis and the Implications for the Future of Thailand and South East Asia“. Thesis, 2018. https://doi.org/10.7916/D8MW40KQ.
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This dissertation explores the role of law in the financial development of an emerging economic country. Its main proposition is that law plays a fundamental part in both the construction and the subsequent failure of a financial system, in addition to the function of reducing frictions and distortions in order to maintain the orderly running of the market. The dissertation illustrates the aforementioned proposition with an in-depth case study of the Asian Financial Crisis (AFC) which was initially rooted in the Thai financial sector. Aided by the analytical paradigm offered by Legal Theory of Finance, it parses the legal and institutional aspects of the rapidly developing financial markets in Thailand and her investing partners. This allows the ensuing Crisis to be seen from the previously underexplored institutional underpinning of the volatile financial cycle which characterized the region at the time. Subsequently, the dissertation employs the same intellectual framework in order to explain the post-crisis reform initiatives and their systemic implications for the regional financial architecture under the auspices of the Association of the South East Asian Nations. This dissertation cuts across a number of disciplines: law and finance, law and economic development, financial and banking regulation, international financial law, to name but a few.
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Khositkulporn, Paramin. „The Factors Affecting Stock Market Volatility and Contagion: Thailand and South-East Asia Evidence“. Thesis, 2013. https://vuir.vu.edu.au/25907/.
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In recent years, the rapid growth in cross border international portfolio investments reflects the globalization of financial markets. The impetus for globalized financial markets initially comes from financial liberalization and high growth of capital such as superannuation funds, mutual funds, private funds and provident funds.
In South-East Asia, the investment portfolios have been growing continuously after the financial crisis in 1997 because of the revival of Asian financial markets presenting new challenges to practitioners, policy makers and researchers in the finance discipline. Also, there are significant shifts in economics and financial variables underlying emerging markets due to re-alignment of currency values, deregulation and globalisation. This revival can make South-East Asian financial markets more attractive and result in higher growth. As a result, South-East Asian financial markets have become attractive market for foreign investors. However, South-East Asian nations have to counter the adverse impacts of domestic and global economic factors which make their financial markets volatile.
The study of the factors affecting stock market has recognized the relationship between equity price, company performance, economic variables, financial liberalization, market integration, and incidents. However, these studies have not included some of the most significant recent change in the financial market, namely: oil price fluctuation, US subprime crisis, and the changing nature of political uncertainty. The literature on the contagion effects and the transmission of credit crisis has been limited to the developed financial markets in the western economies and those of the emerging markets in particular Thailand and South-East Asia financial markets have largely been left untouched. This is a serious limitation in the literature given the regional and international significance of these emerging markets.
The purpose of the research is to identify the dominant factors affecting stock market volatility in Thailand and measure the contagion effects of stock market volatility in Thailand on other South-East Asian stock markets.
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Chang, Xin-Gui. „The Economic Assessment Impact of Avian Flu Pandemic on China, Taiwan and South-East Asia countries when exploded from Thailand“. 2006. http://www.cetd.com.tw/ec/thesisdetail.aspx?etdun=U0001-2807200723204700.
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Anderson, S. J. „Exploring the variation of economic performance within developing democracies : an institutional analysis of East and South-east Asia : a thesis submitted in fulfulment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Political Science in the Department of Political Science and Communication [at the] University of Canterbury /“. 2008. http://library.canterbury.ac.nz/etd/adt-NZCU20080512.210702.
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Wettasinghe, Asoka Malinie. „The diversity and effectiveness of industrial policies in East Asia : a case study of the Republic of Korea, Malaysia and Thailand, 1960-1997“. Thesis, 2001. https://vuir.vu.edu.au/15319/.
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The role of industrial policy is one of the contentious issues in applied economics. It is acknowledged in the literature that there exist a wide range of factors giving rise to deviations from the competitive market paradigm - sunk costs, economies of scale and scope, oligopoly, externalities and complementarities, information and
coordination failures, and incomplete markets. The existence of these factors may justify government intervention to generate a more socially beneficial outcome. Yet, disagreements are evident on two main matters. Firstly, there is no uniform view regarding the empirical importance of these theoretical effects, and on the extent and relevance of deviations from the market paradigm in various types of economies.
Secondly, arguments have been raised about the limitations on the potential role for the goverrmient to act effectively to produce a preferred outcome in the face of
deviations from the market paradigm. Some argue that such deviations are limited and are more than offset by the likelihood of government failure, so that it will be rare
for any improvement in economic activities to be achieved through industrial policies. Others argue that deviations from the market are pervasive and that in appropriate circumstances a strong and committed government can be very effective, so that there is a major role for industrial policies.
Against this background, assessments of the validity of industrial policy ultimately turn on empirical judgements rather than on theoretical differences. Economic theories, which are in many ways helpful in comprehending the
complicated world critically and systematically, are inevitably built on highly simplified assumptions. But empirical judgements must come to grips with the
diversity of real economies and industries, and of the many different types of market failure, A wide range of different policy measures and instruments have been applied
to address these market failures. Quite different levels of competence exist in different governments and agencies implementing industrial policies, and a host of exogenous factors other than the policy itself affect the overall economic outcome. Thus, forming well-founded empirical judgements and making justified assessments of the impact of policy are complex tasks.
This empirical challenge, and in particular that of carrying out empirical studies while incorporating this diversity, is central to assessing the effectiveness of
industrial policies. A central theme of this thesis is that this diversity - in deviations from the market paradigm, in instruments, in national and industry conditions, in the
competency of agencies and officials and in the factors affecting economic outcomes - must be fully taken into account in any assessment of the effectiveness of industrial
policies.
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Erten, Bilge. „Uneven development and the terms of trade: A theoretical and empirical analysis“. 2010. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/dissertations/AAI3427523.
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Despite the voluminous literature on North-South macroeconomic interactions and the key role of terms of trade variations in growth transmission from one region to another, a significant research gap persists for two reasons. First, there has been very little empirical work on testing of the relationships between growth patterns and terms of trade movements. Second, the empirical studies dedicated to testing the Prebisch-Singer Thesis (PST) focused on testing the long-run tendency for the terms of trade of primary commodities to deteriorate and neglected the joint nature of the predictions arising out of a complete formulation of PST. This dissertation seeks to properly specify the PST, provide a generalization of it to the case of imbalanced trade, and extend it to a three-region framework through a structuralist North-South model. Multiple paths of growth divergence/convergence and terms of trade deterioration/improvement emerge depending on the structural changes influencing the income-elasticity differentials. I carry out two sets of empirical analyses. First, I use aggregate data on North-South terms of trade indices to test the presence and significance of a downward trend. Second, I use panel data analysis and rolling regressions to show the evolution of income-elasticity differentials. The results suggest that the growth rates of developing countries during the 1980s declined in both absolute and relative terms partly as a result of the downward trend in terms of trade and partly as a result of income elasticity differentials reflecting the productive and technological asymmetries between the developed and developing economies. However, these structural asymmetries have not remained constant: the results show that they changed both over time and over cross-sections of different groups of countries. In general the countries that diversified towards manufactured exports had better chances of eliminating the elasticity differentials, and thus attaining relatively higher rates of growth. The cross-country study is complemented by a comparative case study of Turkey and Malaysia. The results show that industrial and trade policies, if carefully designed and effectively implemented, can counter potential costs of external market dynamics while taking advantage of the opportunities for advancing dynamic comparative advantages.
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Maas, Bea. „Birds, bats and arthropods in tropical agroforestry landscapes: Functional diversity, multitrophic interactions and crop yield“. Doctoral thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-0022-5E77-5.
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