Dissertationen zum Thema „Sources MIR“
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Meseguer, Brocal Gabriel. „Multimodal analysis : informed content estimation and audio source separation“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020SORUS111.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis dissertation proposes the study of multimodal learning in the context of musical signals. Throughout, we focus on the interaction between audio signals and text information. Among the many text sources related to music that can be used (e.g. reviews, metadata, or social network feedback), we concentrate on lyrics. The singing voice directly connects the audio signal and the text information in a unique way, combining melody and lyrics where a linguistic dimension complements the abstraction of musical instruments. Our study focuses on the audio and lyrics interaction for targeting source separation and informed content estimation. Real-world stimuli are produced by complex phenomena and their constant interaction in various domains. Our understanding learns useful abstractions that fuse different modalities into a joint representation. Multimodal learning describes methods that analyse phenomena from different modalities and their interaction in order to tackle complex tasks. This results in better and richer representations that improve the performance of the current machine learning methods. To develop our multimodal analysis, we need first to address the lack of data containing singing voice with aligned lyrics. This data is mandatory to develop our ideas. Therefore, we investigate how to create such a dataset automatically leveraging resources from the World Wide Web. Creating this type of dataset is a challenge in itself that raises many research questions. We are constantly working with the classic ``chicken or the egg'' problem: acquiring and cleaning this data requires accurate models, but it is difficult to train models without data. We propose to use the teacher-student paradigm to develop a method where dataset creation and model learning are not seen as independent tasks but rather as complementary efforts. In this process, non-expert karaoke time-aligned lyrics and notes describe the lyrics as a sequence of time-aligned notes with their associated textual information. We then link each annotation to the correct audio and globally align the annotations to it. For this purpose, we use the normalized cross-correlation between the voice annotation sequence and the singing voice probability vector automatically, which is obtained using a deep convolutional neural network. Using the collected data we progressively improve that model. Every time we have an improved version, we can in turn correct and enhance the data
Laurain, Alexandre. „Sources laser à semiconducteur à émission verticale de haute cohérence et de forte puissance dans le proche et le moyen infrarouge“. Phd thesis, Université Montpellier II - Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00613743.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleRame, Jérémy. „Recherche et élaboration de nouveaux matériaux pour les applications laser non-linéaires du moyen infrarouge“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 6, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA066716.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMid-infrared laser sources have attracted a particular attention due to their potential applications in different fields, such as remote chemical sensing or infrared counter-measures for civilian or military aircrafts safety. One way to produce such sources is the down conversion process in optical parametric oscillators using nonlinear crystals. AgGaGeS4 is a promising candidate for these applications. The chemical synthesis and crystal growth steps of this material processing are presented in this study. Ingots with 28 mm diameter and 70 mm length were grown. The key issue of AgGaGeS4 processing is the control of melt decomposition at high temperature due to the high volatility of GeS2. The influence of GeS2 volatility on melt stoichiometry during the AgGaGeS4 processing is outlined, and solutions to improve crystals quality by controlling this volatility are presented. Otherwise, we present the development of a device which aim to improve the chemical synthesis process by controlling the pressure variations during the chemical reaction. Main interests of this device are to study the chemical reaction which occurs during the process and control the pressure variations during the chemical reaction. Furthermore, ab initio calculations were performed in order to study the properties of ZnGeP2 which is a benchmark material for mid-IR laser conversion. The effect of ionic substitution on ZnGeP2 properties was studied. Moreover, ZnGeP2:Sn crystals were elaborated and characterized. It was demonstrated that ionic substitutions with tin allowed significantly improvements on the crystal transmission around the pump wavelength at 2.05 μm
Dury, Martin. „Development of the NPL wide-area MIR calibration source“. Thesis, University of Reading, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.555860.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLiu, Miaomiao. „Actinomycetes Sourced From Unique Environments as a Promising Source of New TB-Active Natural Products“. Thesis, Griffith University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/366523.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Natural Sciences
Science, Environment, Engineering and Technology
Full Text
Mörz, Florian [Verfasser]. „Ultrafast laser sources : tunable, ultrafast laser sources for near- and mid-IR spectroscopy / Florian Mörz“. Stuttgart : Universitätsbibliothek der Universität Stuttgart, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1222515504/34.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleWei, Junxiong. „Novel nonlinear frequency conversion sources in the mid-infrared“. Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/664929.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleEl objetivo de esta tesis era el desarrollo de una nueva clase de fuentes fotónicas de estado sólido para las regiones espectrales del infrarrojo medio (mid-IR), donde existe una gran escasez de fuentes láser coherentes, que pueden ser utilizadas para muchas aplicaciones científicas y tecnológicas. La estrategia consistió en explotar técnicas de óptica no lineal basadas en la generación de frecuencias diferencia (DFG), la generación paramétrica y la oscilación óptica paramétrica, usando la nuevos materiales no lineales para el mid-IR, en combinación con las fuentes de bombeo láser más avanzadas basadas en la tecnología láser de fibra, para realizar nuevas fuentes coherentes de alta potencia y amplia sintonía en el mid-IR. Esta tesis presenta dispositivos de oscilación óptica paramétrica (OPO) usando novedosos diseños, basados en materiales de quasi-phase-matching (QPM) y utilizando nuevos conceptos para facilitar la accesibilidad a la longitud de onda desde 1 μm en la región cercana al infrarrojo cercano hasta la región del mid-IR. En consecuencia, demostramos un OPO de picosegundo con sintonización por ángulo del cristal MgO:PPLN, bombeando sincrónicamente por un láser de fibra de Yb, por primera vez según nuestro conocimiento. El OPO es sintonizable de 1413-1900 nm en el signal juntamente con la sintonización del idler a través de 2418-4307 nm que proporciona una sintonización total de 2376 nm en la región del infrarojo-cercano y mid-IR, simplemente por la interrogación angular del cristal de MgO:PPLN en temperatura ambiente. Utilizando un acoplador de salida del 10%, pudimos extraer hasta 2,4 W de señal a 1664 nm junto con una potencia de idler de 1,7 W a 2950 nm, lo que corresponde a una eficiencia total de extracción de ~45% con una buena estabilidad de apuntamiento del haz mejor que 30 μrad y 14 μrad para el signal y el idler, respectivamente. Estos resultados indican el potencial para una rápida y amplia sintonización de OPOs de alta potencia en comparación con los dispositivos sintonizados por temperatura. Además, demostramos un novedoso dispositivo basado en una configuración en tándem, para un sistema OPO pulsado con un sistema "injection-seeded". Utilizando un cristal PPLN de 38 mm de longitud, hemos producido ~0,94 W de potencia media con una eficiencia de pendiente del 9,7% a 1677 nm, para una potencia de bombeo de 10 W a una tasa de repetición de 80 kHz. La anchura de banda óptica de la señal medida es inferior a 20 MHz, y la operación de "seeding" se realiza en longitudes de onda de la señal que oscilan entre 1510 y 1677 nm, lo que proporciona una gama total de "seeding" de 167 nm en la región cercana al infrarrojo-cercano. Desde un punto de vista más general, el método mostrado aquí también funcionará en otros rangos de longitud de onda de OPO, abriendo un nuevo camino hacia el "seeding" por inyección o el bloqueo por inyección de OPOs de pulso con rango de sintonía completo y alta pureza espectral. Por último, presentamos una caracterización detallada de las propiedades ópticas del material no lineal recientemente desarrollado, el orientation-patterned gallium phosphide (OP-GaP), mediante la realización de experimentos de DFG en el rango de longitud de onda de 2492-2782 nm en el rango de infrarrojos medio. Se han estudiado y confirmado cuestiones perjudiciales como los efectos térmicos y la absorción residual mediante la realización de las mediciones pertinentes. La temperatura y las anchuras de banda de aceptación espectral para DFG en el cristal OP-GaP de 40 mm de longitud han sido medidas obteniendo 18 ºC y 4 nm, respectivamente, a 1766 nm. Además, por primera vez hemos medido el umbral de daño del cristal OP-GaP siendo de 0,8 J/cm2 a 1064 nm. También se ha investigado sistemáticamente la dependencia de la polarización de los haces de entrada con respecto a la potencia de la DFG. Hasta donde sabemos, este es el primer informe sobre DFG sintonizable en OP-GaP, así como la primera fuente de nanosegundos DFG basada en este nuevo material no lineal.
Nshii, Chidi Christopher. „Tunable mid-infrared light sources based on intersubband transitions“. Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2011. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/2603/.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleCook, James Matthew. „Mid-fifteenth-century English mass cycles in continental sources“. Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2014. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/30778/.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGOEDERT, THERESE. „Les organismes marins, sources de substances antitumorales“. Strasbourg 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994STR15007.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleNandy, Biplob Kumar. „Development and study of novel mid-infrared frequency conversion sources“. Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/670629.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLas fuentes láser de banda ancha y ancho de línea estrecho sintonizables en el rango de longitud de onda del infrarrojo medio (IR medio) son de gran interés en todas las escalas de tiempo por sus diversas aplicaciones en espectroscopia, imágenes, comunicación óptica y ciencias médicas, por nombrar algunas. Una aplicación muy importante de las fuentes láser de IR medio de ancho de línea estrecho sintonizable de alta potencia en el rango de longitud de onda de 2 μm es la capacidad de bombear osciladores ópticos paramétricos (OPO) de IR medio en cascada para generar longitudes de onda sintonizables más allá de 4 μm, usando cristales semiconductores no lineales tales como ZnGeP2 (ZGP) o GaAs con patrón de orientación (OPGaAs). Estos cristales tienen muy buenas propiedades ópticas lineales y no lineales junto con una buena transparencia más allá de las longitudes de onda de 4 μm, a diferencia de los materiales a base de óxido como MgO:PPLN que tienen una fuerte absorción de multifonones más allá de las longitudes de onda de 4 μm. Sin embargo, tanto ZGP como OP-GaAs no pueden ser bombeados por láseres de 1 μm disponibles comercialmente debido a absorciones lineales y no lineales por debajo de 2 μm de longitud de onda. En esta tesis, hemos demostrado algunas fuentes de alta potencia sintonizables de 2 μm de nanosegundos y picosegundos de alta tasa de repetición con muy buena calidad de haz espacial. Además, hemos demostrado un OPO basado en MgO:PPLN de picosegundos resonante para el campo idler en el IR medio, con generación de segundo armónico (SHG) intracavidad. Esto permite cubrir la brecha de longitud de onda esencial entre 1.064 μm y 1.45 μm cuando se bombea con láser de fibra de Yb a 1.064 μm. Esta brecha de longitud de onda generalmente no está cubierta por los SRO basados en MgO:PPLN, que resuenan el campo señal, debido a la transparencia del material de MgO:PPLN, que no permite que el campo idler supere las 4 μm de longitud de onda, lo que restringe el alcance del campo señal por debajo de 1.45 μm. Debido al requisito del bombeo síncrono, los OPOs suelen ser relativamente voluminosos y de gran tamaño, lo que puede restringir su utilidad práctica en aplicaciones con limitaciones de espacio. Abordamos este desafío demostrando un sistema de picosegundo compacto de alta tasa de repetición de resonancia simple (SRO) con un espejo retro reflector intracavidad en fibra (IMRF) que permite una reducción doble en el factor de forma. Este IMRF OPO demuestra una alta sintonización de longitud de onda de 1.45 μm a 4μm con un alto brillo espectral y una calidad de haz de salida excepcionalmente buena. En nuestro intento de reducir aún más el tamaño y la complejidad de las fuentes de conversión de frecuencia no lineal, hemos demostrado la primera generación óptica paramétrica (OPG) y amplificación (OPA) de un solo paso en MgO:PPLN con un récord de alta eficiencia de conversión de >59% sin necesidad de ningún láser de inicio. Hemos demostrado un umbral de energía de bombeo récord bajo de 7,5 nJ, que es notablemente pequeño y abre una nueva área de investigación sobre dispositivos de conversión de frecuencia de un solo paso basados en OPG/OPA. Nuestro sistema es altamente sintonizable cerca de la región de 2 μm con >8 W de potencia de salida de un solo paso mientras se bombea con 14 W de potencia de bombeo a 1064 nm. Finalmente, en esta tesis, hemos demostrado el primer OPO de picosegundos con ajuste de fases (mode-locked) con record en potencia de salida y un ancho de banda espectral cerca de la región de longitud de onda de 2 μm. Un dispositivo de este tipo se puede utilizar como una fuente supercontinua mode-locked de alto brillo espectral para una gran variedad de aplicaciones
Nicolas, José. „Caractérisation physico-chimique de l’aérosol troposphérique en Méditerranée : Sources et Devenir“. Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013VERS0074.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe study of tropospheric aerosols impacts on regional climate and air quality is amongst the objectives of ChArMEx (The Chemistry-Aerosol Mediterranean EXperiment), including the ones of this PhD. This work is based on annual observations of physico-chemical aerosol properties in the western basin, and on two intensive field campaigns dedicated on particulate organic matter in the two basins (Est and West). A new atmospheric station, started in Corsica (France, western basin) in June 2012, showed low background aerosol levels, lower than in the eastern basin. A seasonal variation of aerosol mass concentrations (diameter 1-10 µm) appeared, due to dust, secondary aerosols, and a deficit of rain in summer. An other striking point is the highly and constant oxidation state of organic aerosols in summer in the two basins
Ji, Lin. „Mid frequency vibration analysis of built up structures“. Thesis, University of Southampton, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.289915.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSukeert, Sukeert. „Versatile nonlinear frequency conversion sources in the near- and mid-infrared“. Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/674003.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLos láseres sintonizables en diferentes regiones espectrales presentan una amplia variedad de aplicaciones que incluyen espectroscopía, sensado de gases, LIDAR y procesamiento de materiales, entre otras. Los láseres existentes tienen una sintonizabilidad limitada y muchas porciones del espectro permanecen aún inaccesibles debido a la falta de medios activos con ganancia en dicha región. Un enfoque viable para cubrir las regiones espectrales en los rangos visible, infrarrojo cercano e infrarrojo medio (mid-IR) es mediante la conversión no lineal de frecuencias. Los osciladores paramétricos ópticos (OPO) proveen un amplio rango de sintonizabilidad con altas potencias y con calidad de haz excelente en escalas de tiempo de onda continua (cw), pulsado en nanosegundo y ultra rápido. Con el desarrollo de materiales no lineales que presentan la propiedad de quasi-phase-matching con estructura de red del tipo fan-out es posible sintonizar un amplio rango de longitudes de onda que habilitan el desarrollo de dispositivos sintonizables para aplicaciones prácticas en las que se requieran cambios de longitudes de onda de manera rápida. El proceso no lineal de generación de diferencia de frecuencias (DFG) es un enfoque atractivo para la generación de potencias altas en el mid-IR en esquemas de un solo paso a través del medio. En esta tesis se desarrollan fuentes de luz basadas en la conversión de frecuencias no lineal de segundo orden usando OPOs en los regímenes de cw y nanosegundos, y de cw que usan el proceso de DFG. Se desarrollan por primera vez OPO sintonizables bombeados por un láser verde usando estructuras de red fan-out en diferentes materiales. Además, se desarrolla una fuente de cw de alta potencia en el mid-IR usando DFG. Las fuentes desarrolladas en esta tesis cubren el intervalo de 677-2479 nm. Uno de los OPOs que se desarrollan en este trabajo se utilizó en una empresa como parte de un dispostivo de caracterización de sensores. En OPOs con láser de bombeo verde, se demuestra un OPO de cw sintonizable basado en un cristal PPKTP. La señal e idler generados por el OPO pueden sintonizarse en los intervalos 742-922 nm y 1258-1884 nm, respectivamente, y puede entregar una potencia máxima de 1.65 W. El uso del acoplamiento de salida da como resultado un rendimiento superior del OPO a la configuración de oscilador resonante individual pura. Se realiza la primera demostración de un OPO bombeado por láser verde basado en un cristal de MgO:cPPLT. Se consiguió a temperatura ambiente un intervalo para la señal de 689-1025 nm, y para el idler de 1106-2336 nm, en el OPO que opera en el régimen del nanosegundo. El OPO puede proveer hasta una potencia media de salida de 131 mW a una tasa de repetición de 25 kHz. Seguidamente se desarrolló un OPO de cw basado en un cristal de MgO:PPLN. La señal y el idler generados pueden sintonizarse en los rangos de 813-1032 nm y 1098-1539 nm, respectivamente. El OPO puede generar hasta 710 mW de potencia de salida total con una estabilidad pasiva de potencia de señal y de idler mejores que 2.8% rms y 1.8% rms, respectivamente, a lo largo de una hora, y con un valor M^2<1.1 para la señal. Luego se describe el desarrollo del OPO con bombeo verde de cw basado en un cristal de MgO:PPLN en el entorno industrial de la compañía Radiantis. El mismo se utiliza como la fuente de luz de entrada en un esquema de caracterización de dispositivos con el propósito de probar sensores para el sector aeroespacial. En comparación con la fuente de luz existente, el uso de OPO da como resultado una respuesta de órdenes de magnitud mayor que la de un sensor de InGaAs, mejorando de este modo el proceso de evaluación de los dispositivos. Finalmente, se demuestra una fuente de cw de alta potencia que opera en una longitud de onda de 2.26 µm usando DFG. La fuente puede entregar hasta 3.84 W de potencia de salida a 2262 nm, con una estabilidad de potencia mejor que 0.6% rms durante una hora, en un perfil de modo Gaussiano con M^2<1.2.
Fotònica
Petrova, Mariia. „Sources and processes governing mercury cycling in a changing Arctic Ocean“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2020. http://theses.univ-amu.fr.lama.univ-amu.fr/201119_PETROVA_347rbw227miou845bplinz648pejtfe_TH.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMercury (Hg) in the Arctic is an important environmental and human health issue. Understanding persistent high methylmercury (MeHg) concentrations in arctic biota and trends therein has been challenging. Several Hg mass balance studies were undertaken to gain insightinto the sources, sinks and processes regulating biological Hg trends in the Arctic Ocean (AO). This is a critical point, since the amount of Hg residing in the AO defines its resilience to external changes, such as altered inputs of anthropogenic Hg and climate change. In this work we used our new observations, combined with the latest modelling studies, to establish a refined Arctic Hg budget and to investigate the relative importance of atmospheric, oceanic, and terrestrial Hg fluxes in the AO. Based on comprehensive seasonal observations of dissolved and particulate Hg for two large Eurasian rivers, the Yenisei and the Severnaya Dvina, we estimated the Hg riverine flux to the AO. Using our new data acquired during the 2015 GEOTRACES TransArcII cruise and the 2016 GEOTRACES GRIFF cruise and combining them with other arctic cruises which took place in 2015, we estimated oceanic Hg fluxes between the Arctic and Atlantic Oceans, as well as the export and burial Hg fluxes. We also investigated the importance of the Transpolar Drift, known to carry Eurasian river sourced matter and elements across the AO
Messineo, Giuseppe. „The MIR experiment: quantum vacuum and dynamical Casimir effect“. Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trieste, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10077/4572.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis concerns one of the few low energy experimental efforts aiming to test Quantum Electrodynamics. The experiment MIR (Motion Induced Radiation) studies the quantum vacuum in the presence of accelerated boundaries. According to Quantum Electrodynamics, a non-uniformly accelerated mirror in vacuum feels a friction force due to the interaction with the vacuum photons. As a consequence, real photons are produced in the process, which is known as dynamical Casimir effect. The radiated energy is emitted at the expense of the mechanical energy of the mirror. The effect has never been observed experimentally, since it is very feeble. Only recently a few experimental approaches have been proposed. The theory of the dynamical Casimir effect has been treated extensively in literature. According to the models proposed, for harmonic oscillations the effect is proportional to the oscillation frequency. As all the papers refer to frequencies of the order of a gigahertz, it is not possible to tackle the problem of obtaining a moving boundary with a purely mechanical approach, for example employing piezoelectric transducers or acoustic excitations, due to the large amount of energy required to keep a massive object in motion. A solution to this problem was proposed at the end of the 80's and has been adopted in the MIR experiment. In this framework the moving boundary is a semiconductor slab that switches periodically from complete transparency to total reflection when illuminated by a train of laser pulses. In this way one obtains a time variable mirror which mimics a physical oscillation, without the burden of overcoming the inertia of the mirror. Even so, the number of photons expected is extremely small. The MIR experimental strategy to enhance the photon production is to have the mirror as the wall of a resonating cavity. In this case, if the repetition rate of the laser is about twice a resonance frequency of the cavity, a parametric amplification process occurs, resulting in an enhancement of the number of photons by a factor which depends on the Q-value of the cavity. To this end, superconducting cavities are employed in the experiment.
Questa tesi riguarda uno dei pochi esperimenti di bassa energia dedicati allo studio dell'Elettrodinamica Quantistica. L'esperimento MIR (Motion Induced Radiation) studia il vuoto quantistico in presenza di condizioni al contorno accelerate. Secondo l'Elettrodinamica Quantistica, uno specchio non uniformemente accelerato nel vuoto risente di una forza di attrito dovuta all'interazione con i fotoni del vuoto. In conseguenza di ciò in questo processo, noto come effetto Casimir dinamico, vi è produzione di fotoni reali. L'energia irradiata viene emessa a scapito dell'energia meccanica dello specchio. L'effetto è molto debole e non è mai stato osservato sperimentalmente. Solo di recente sono stati proposti alcuni approcci sperimentali, mentre gli aspetti teorici sono stati trattati ampiamente in letteratura. Secondo i modelli proposti, nel caso di oscillazioni armoniche l'effetto è proporzionale alla frequenza di oscillazione. Poiché tutti gli articoli fanno riferimento a frequenze dell'ordine di un gigahertz, con un approccio puramente meccanico, ad esempio impiegando trasduttori piezoelettrici o eccitazioni acustiche, non è possibile risolvere il problema di ottenere uno specchio in movimento a causa della grande quantità di energia richiesta per mantenere un oggetto massivo in moto. Una soluzione a questo problema è stata proposta alla fine degli anni '80 ed è stata adottata nell'esperimento MIR. L'idea è che la parete in movimento possa essere sostituita da un lastra di semiconduttore che periodicamente passa da uno stato di totale trasparenza ad uno di alta riflettività, per illuminazione da parte di un treno di impulsi laser. In tal modo è possibile ottenere un specchio variabile nel tempo che riproduce una oscillazione fisica, senza la necessità di superare l'inerzia dello specchio. Anche in questo caso tuttavia, il numero di fotoni previsto è estremamente ridotto. La strategia sperimentale di MIR per aumentare la produzione di fotoni è quella di utilizzare lo specchio variabile come parete di una cavità risonante. Se la frequenza di ripetizione del laser è circa due volte la frequenza di risonanza della cavità, si verifica un processo di amplificazione parametrica, con un conseguente aumento del numero di fotoni prodotti. Poiché questo incremento dipende dal Q-valore della cavità, nell'esperimento vengono impiegate cavità superconduttrici.
XXIII Ciclo
1980
Rodrigues, Alcide Conceicao Do Rosario. „A high performance transistorised power source for MIG welding“. Thesis, University of Leicester, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/34817.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleRoy, Anthony. „Gestion optimale d'un système multi-sources pour un site isolé en mer“. Thesis, Nantes, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NANT4067.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe electrical power generation in remote maritime areas must face many technical-economicconstraints related to the load satisfaction and the expensivefuel import for fossil based sources. Thanks to the recent development of marine renewable energies, new perspectives appearfor the electrical power supply of maritime remote areas, so asto decarbonize the electrical power generation. In this thesis, it is proposed to study the sizing and the energy management of anislanded microgrid madeof solar photovoltaic panels, wind turbines, tidal turbines, wave energy converters and batteries. A preliminary analysis of the harnessed resources allows some complementarities and non-complementaritiesto be highlighted. In order to reduce the unmet load demand and the cost of energy, a combined sizing and energy management optimization isproposed. Several demand-side management strategies are hierarchically applied on several loads, in order to avoid the occurrence of critical situations. The obtained results show that demand-side management allows the cost of energy to be reduced by decreasingthe amount of required storage. Also, thediversification of the sources brings many benefits. Finally, the ability of the developed algorithms tocorrectly manage the micro-grid in real time is validated on an experimental test bench
Schoun, Stephen Bradley. „Attosecond High-Harmonic Spectroscopy of Atoms and Molecules Using Mid-Infrared Sources“. The Ohio State University, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1436853089.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleHasselbalch, James Matthew. „Sources of job satisfaction and dissatisfaction among mid-grade Coast Guard officers“. Thesis, Monterey, California : Naval Postgraduate School, 1990. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA238056.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThesis Advisor(s): McGonigal, Richard A. ; Thomas, Kenneth W. "June 1990." Description based on title screen as viewed on March 23. 2010. Author(s) subject terms: Job Satisfaction, Intrinsic Motivation. Includes bibliographical references (p. 63). Also available in print.
Hoareau-Osman, Magali. „Caractérisation fonctionnelle des ARN nucléolaires U8 et U13 et des microARN du cluster miR-379/410“. Toulouse 3, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010TOU30333.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn the past few years, non-coding world has greatly expanded thanks to the discovery of new small regulatory ncRNAs in mammals. Some of them have particular features, as they may be tissue-specific, repeated in tandem or subjected to genomic imprinting. However, the function of many of them remains unknown. Our work has focused, using loss of function approaches, on the functional characterization of RNAs from two large families of small ncRNAs: C/D box small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) and microRNAs. C/D snoRNAs are known to participate in the biogenesis of ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs) and small spliceosome U6 RNA (U6 snRNA). To investigate the function of two human snoRNPs, U8 and U13, we developed a new inactivation technique of C/D RNAs in cultured cells, using modified antisense oligonucleotides called LNA (Locked Nucleic Acids). We were able to demonstrate, for the first time, the importance of human snoRNPs for the cell growth and their possible role as a chaperone under conditions of cellular stress. Furthermore, we showed the involvement of U8 in the biogenesis of ribosomal RNAs. Thus, this work is a first step in the systematic study of many mammalian snoRNAs whose function is still unknown. MicroRNAs are regulators of gene expression at a posttranscriptional level. Our work focused on the cluster of murine microRNAs miR-379/410, encoding 54 miRNAs that represent nearly 10% of murine miRNAs identified to date. It is located in the DLK1-DIO3 locus, a region subjected to genomic imprinting, an epigenetic mechanism that leads to monoallelic expression of genes dependent on the parental origin of chromosome that carries the alleles. To study the function of microRNAs cluster miR-379/410, we generated a knockout mouse line for that cluster. Our first results show that these miRNAs are important for mice postnatal viability as well as for their growth. This work represents an important advance in understanding miRNAs roles in mammals
Gonçalves, Tristan. „Implication du collagène XXV dans la myogenèse chez la souris Collagen XXV regulates myogenic differentiation and muscle formation Non-coding RNAs in skeletal muscle regeneration“. Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCB117.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleExtracellular matrix is involved in cellular proliferation, migration, differentiation and adhesion. Muscle extracellular matrix, called the basement membrane, serves as support for muscle fibers during contraction, thus giving elasticity to the muscle fibers. Basement membrane is composed by collagen mainly collagen IV, laminin, nidogen, perlecan (heparan sulphate proteoglycan) and proteoglycan. During myogenesis, the modulation of extracellular matrix is very important for muscle cells to delaminate, migrate and fuse. Collagen XXV is part of the MACIT (Membrane Associated Collagens with Interrupted Triple Helices) collagen family together with collagen XIII, collagen XVII and collagen XXIII. Collagen XIII is involved in cell migration and collagen XXIII in cell adhesion. Collagen XXV was first described in Alzheimer disease, as a component of the Aβ amyloid aggregates. Furthermore, Collagen XXV is necessary for the formation of neuromuscular junctions in diaphragm. At E18.5, col25a1-/- embryos show muscle aplasia and atrophy in diaphragm, probably due to lack of innervation. This collagen is strongly expressed during primary myogenesis in limb buds from E12.5 embryos, long before innervation of limb muscles. But the role of this collagen during early myogenesis has never been analyzed. In this work, I demonstrated the role of collagen XXV during early myogenesis. In vitro assays showed that collagen XXV is involved in the muscle differentiation process. In vivo, limb muscles from E12.5 and E14.5 col25a1-/- embryos have defects in the formation of plurinucleated myofibers, suggesting a role of this collagen in the fusion of myoblasts into myotubes during mouse myogenesis. In this work, I demonstrated that col25a1 transcripts are down-regulated by miR-208b and miR-499 without synergic or additional effects. Complementary results suggest that col25a1 expression could be regulated by the transcription factor, NFATc2. In E12.5 nfatc2-/- embryos, col25a1 expression is decreased. This result could explain the muscle atrophy observed in nfatc2-/- mice. It could be interesting to restore muscle atrophy in nfatc2-/- mouse by overexpressing col25a1 in these mice
Randall, Kevin. „La glace de mer arctique : Source ou puits d'oxyde nitreux?“ Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/27428/27428.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleNitrous oxide (N2O) is a greenhouse gas which also plays a role in stratospheric ozone depletion. The objective of this study was to demonstrate the presence of N2O in Arctic sea ice, and to quantify the impact of this potential source to the atmosphere. Bulk concentrations of N2O in the bottom 10 cm of the sea ice and in the underlying surface waters were measured in the Beaufort Sea from March to April 2008. Our sea ice measurements revealed low N2O bulk concentrations with N2O being consistently undersaturated with respect to the underlying surface water (ca. 40% saturation) and the atmosphere (ca. 30% saturation). The most plausible mechanism to explain the low N2O sea ice concentrations is a loss of N2O via brine rejection during sea ice formation in autumn and winter. Sea ice could thus act as a source of N2O via brine rejection during sea ice formation in autumn and winter.
Krogen, Peter Ra. „A novel few-cycle optical source in the mid-infrared“. Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/93067.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleCataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 43-45).
In this thesis, I designed, simulated, and implemented a novel optical pulse generation system which is shown to be able to generate exceptionally short optical pulses in the mid-infrared, tunable from 2-4[mu]m with pulse widths as low as 1.5 optical cycles at 3.5[mu]m (18fs). Energies as high a 1[mu]J were achieved, representing a peak power of roughly 100MW, at a 1kHz repetition rate, with excellent beam quality. The system was based on adiabatic difference frequency generation in an aperiodically polled lithium niobate crystal of an amplified, mode-locked Ti:Sapphire laser system.
by Peter Ra Krogen.
S.M.
Krogen, Peter Ra. „A novel single-cycle optical source in the mid-infrared“. Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/105945.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 90-106).
In this thesis, I demonstrate the generation of single-optical-cycle pulses in the mid-infrared, which are generated using adiabatic difference frequency in an aperiodically polled lithium niobate crystal. The input pulses were generated in amplified Ti:Sapphire laser system, the construction of which is covered in detail, along with complete characterization of the generated pulses. The generated pulses have a bandwidth spanning (1.8-4.5[mu]m), energy in excess of 1[mu]J at a 1kHz repetition rate, and are compressed to within 15% of their Fourier transform limited duration of 10fs, which is 1.1 optical cycles at their central wavelength of 2.6[mu]m, and represents a peak power well in excess of 100MW. Furthermore, intrinsic to the design of the system is the ability to shape both the spectral amplitude and phase of the generated pulses, which makes this source immediately suitable for applications requiring shaped pulses.
by Peter Ra Krogen.
Ph. D.
D'AMBROSIO, DAVIDE. „Characterizing a Mid-IR laser source with a molecular beam“. Doctoral thesis, Politecnico di Torino, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11583/2749554.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSeiter, Michael. „Novel pulsed difference-frequency laser sources for compact mid-infrared trace-gas sensors /“. Zürich, 1999. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=diss&nr=13354.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleScantamburlo, Elisabetta <1976>. „Zen and Zenga as sources of influence in mid-twentieth century Western art“. Doctoral thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/144.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleTOLIOPOULOS, DIMOSTHENIS. „Single photon sources integrated on Ge Mie resonator fabricated by solid state dewetting“. Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/311361.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe following Ph.D. thesis summarizes the work that has been made aiming at the fabrication and characterization of quantum emitters integrated inside Ge nanoisland on Si substrates. We choose to induce localized Ge impurities centers inside a thin layer of Al0.25Ga0.75As epitaxially grown on Ge islands acting as dielectric Mie Resonators (MR’s). These centers are working as light sources, capable of single photon emission and quantum entanglement properties. Fabrication of the Ge islands was done by solid state dewetting in an ultra-high vacuum environment, obtaining both amorphous and monocrystalline islands, with sizes ranging from 50 to 500 nm. These islands are also photonic Mie-resonators enhancing light-matter interaction and steering the localized defects emission, acting as dielectric nanoantennas. This thesis exploits molecular beam epitaxy, solid state dewetting and electron assisted lithography for realizing patterned samples. Many different characterization methods have been used to assess the quality of the fabricated samples. We use morphological characterization via scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Optically, we characterized the Mie resonators by dark field (DF) spectroscopy to ensure their photonic mode appearance. Also, the crystallinity of the Ge seeds was investigated by RAMAN spectroscopy. In the end, the optical response of the samples will be tested by micro and macro Photoluminescence, time-resolved measurements, and auto-correlation measurements to assess the quantum nature of the emission at low temperatures. Towards our goal we faced three main different topics: i) the growth of Ge nanoisland via solid state dewetting, ii) the optimization of the photonic response of semiconductor Mie resonators by engineering the geometry of the substrates, iii) the integration of III-V layers on Ge islands and the observation of interesting associated defects. Each of these aspects is described in detail in chapters 3,4 and 5. During my secondments at UNIFI, I had also been involved in a quite different approach towards the deterministic realization of quantum emitters integrated beneath a glass nanoantenna, an activity which led to article submission, but it is not reported in this thesis.
Duriez, Alban. „Origine et processus de minéralisation d'eaux thermales en milieu continental méditerranéen : Cas du système géothermal des thermopyles (Grèce)“. Paris 11, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA112356.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleRobson, Thomas A. „A burning need to know the use of open source intelligence In the fire service /“. Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Naval Postgraduate School, 2009. http://edocs.nps.edu/npspubs/scholarly/theses/2009/Mar/09Mar%5FRobson.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThesis Advisor(s): Bergin, Richard ; Simeral, Robert. "March 2009." Description based on title screen as viewed on April 24, 2009. Author(s) subject terms: Fire, Intelligence, Firefighter Training, First Responders, Fire Service Intelligence, Open Source Intelligence, Fire Service. Includes bibliographical references (p. 77-79). Also available in print.
Laghdass, Mélissa. „Réponse de la communauté bactérienne marine à différentes sources nutritives : lien entre activité et diversité“. Paris 6, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA066463.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleNicolaou, Elie. „Le mont Athos et la mer Egée : les propriétés du monastère de Xeropotamou à Naxos“. Paris 4, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA040008.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis is divided in two parts : the first part consists of the introduction (information on mount Athos and Naxos; geography, history, population). The first chapter is on religious relations between mount Athos and Naxos. The second chapter refers to the main estate of Xeropotamou, the metoque of the forty martyrs. The third chapter concerns the judicial part of our work and the last is a linguistic approach. The second part is consecrated to the edition of our forty post-byzantine documents and shows the rules which have been followed, gives the contents of the documents. For each document, one finds the title, the date, a summary, a description; the presentation of the text is according to the literary method. Explanation of the foreign words, as well as notes are at the end of the text. A selective bibliography, appendices complete our thesis
Le, Guillou Sandrine. „Du miRNome au rôle de miR-30b : implication des microARN dans la glande mammaire“. Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013VERS0024.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe mammary gland is a dynamic organ, undergoing proliferation, differentiation and dedifferentiation stages during reproductive cycles. Understanding the mechanisms regulating these stages is a major research challenge. Among others potential regulators, the involvement of new molecules, the microRNA, has recently been demonstrated. Until now, data relating to the identification of microRNA and their role in mammary gland are still scarce and mainly concern the study of their abnormal expression in breast cancer. In this PhD work, a global approach has been developed to describe, for the first time, all expressed microRNA, the miRNome, in murine and bovine lactating mammary gland. This analysis revealed new potential microRNA and defined a mammary gland signature of 15 microRNA, including two that seems lactation stage-specific. Active microRNA, present in RISC, have been analyzed to specify the “functional” miRNome in lactating mammary gland. Moreover, the role of the microRNA miR-30b in the development and differentiation of mammary epithelial cells has been defined using transgenic mice over-expressing this microRNA, showing that the deregulation of a single microRNA can cause a large mammary dysfunction. The combination of these two approaches has provided new evidence for understanding the impact of microRNA on the regulation of the normal development of the mammary gland
Ayou, Dereje Sendeku. „Combined absorption power and refrigeration systems driven by low and mid-grade heat sources“. Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/306436.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleExiste una gran abundancia de fuentes de calor de baja y media temperatura (<300 ° C), como puede ser la solar térmica, geotérmica o calor residual de diversos procesos térmicos. Los principales servicios energéticos como el aire acondicionado, la refrigeración o la electricidad se generan por lo general por separado mediante diversas tecnologías de conversión de energía independientes. La mayoría de los usuarios finales necesitan por lo menos más de un servicio energético: un ejemplo típico de esto lo constituye el servicio energético a edificios. La producción combinada de electricidad (descentralizada) y de frío mediante sistemas eficientes de conversión de energía accionados térmicamente es una de la solución tecnológica adecuada para hacer frente a los actuales desafíos relacionados con la energía a nivel mundial. El objetivo de esta tesis es el desarrollo de una nueva clase de los ciclos de absorción para la producción de energía mecánica o eléctrica y refrigeración mediante fuentes de energía de baja y media temperatura. Para lograr este objetivo, se presenta primero una revisión de los ciclos de absorción combinados propuestos en la literatura. A continuación, se proponen varios nuevos ciclos de absorción combinados. Estos son analizados y discutidos desde el punto de vista energético y exergético para la utilización eficaz de las fuentes de calor de baja y media temperatura. Como fluidos de trabajo se utilizaron mezclas a base de fluidos de trabajo de amoníaco: NH3 / H2O, NH3 / LiNO3 y NH3 / NaSCN. Se ha desarrollado un modelo semi-empírico para un expansor de desplazamiento usando amoniaco (y mezcla de amoniaco / agua con alta concentración de amoniaco) como fluido de trabajo. Este modelo se ha integrado en algunos de los ciclos de absorción combinados propuestos en esta tesis. Posteriormente, se ha realizado un modelo de sistema de absorción para la producción de potencia y refrigeración solar (SAPCS) para usarlo en la herramienta de simulación dinámica TRNSYS como un caso representativo para la integración de los ciclos de absorción combinados con una planta termosolar. En conclusión esta tesis contribuirá al desarrollo de una nueva clase de sistemas de absorción capaces de proporcionar energía y refrigeración de forma simultánea y/o alternativamente, mediante la utilización de fuentes de calor
Low and mid-grade heat sources (< 300 °C), such as solar thermal, geothermal and waste heat from various thermal processes are abundantly available. Air-conditioning, refrigeration and electricity are useful forms of energy products, usually produced using separate energy conversion technologies. Most end-users need at least dual energy products: typical example could be buildings applications. The combined production of electricity (decentralized) and cold using efficient thermally-driven energy conversion systems are one of the suitable technological solution to address the current global energy related challenges. The aim of this thesis is the development of a new class of absorption cycles to produce mechanical or electrical energy and cooling using energy sources at low or medium temperature. To achieve this aim, first combined absorption cycles proposed in the literature are reviewed. The concept of combined absorption cycles are explained in terms of idealized energy conversion systems. Performance criteria used in the literature are presented and discussed. Then, several new combined absorption cycles are proposed, analysed and discussed from the energetic and exergetic viewpoints for the effective utilization of low and mid-grade heat sources. Ammonia based working fluid mixtures were used: NH3/H2O, NH3/LiNO3 and NH3/NaSCN. A semi-empirical model for a scroll expander using ammonia (and ammonia/water mixture with high concentration of ammonia) as working fluid is developed. It is integrated into some of the proposed combined absorption cycles in this Thesis. Then, a Solar Absorption Power and Cooling System (SAPCS) model is developed for its use in TRNSYS software as a simulation tool and it is used to demonstrate a representative case for the integration of combined absorption cycles with solar thermal plant. In conclusion this thesis will contribute to the development of new class of absorption systems able to provide power and refrigeration simultaneously and/or alternatively by utilizing low and mid-grade heat sources.
Al-kadry, Alaa. „Mid-infrared soliton self-frequency shift and supercontinuum sources based on As2Se3 chalcogenide microwires“. Thesis, McGill University, 2014. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=123226.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDans cette thèse, j'introduis des sources accordables pour l'infrarouge moyen (MIR), basées sur l'auto-décalage fréquentiel de solitons (SSFS) ainsi que la génération de supercontinuum(SC) dans des micro-fils de chalcogénure As2Se3. Premièrement, je présente deux méthodes permettant de maximiser le SSFS dans des micro-fils dont le diamètre varie de manière non-uniforme durant la propagation du soliton. Chaque méthode est composée de deux étapes. La première étape consiste à sélectionner le diamètre d'entrée du micro-fil qui induit un taux maximal d'auto-décalage fréquentiel par unité de longueur. La seconde étape consiste à augmenter graduellement le diamètre du micro-fil dans ladirection de propagation de façon à ce que le soliton se déplaçant en longueur d'ondene subisse que de faibles perturbations induites par la dispersion d'ordre trois et ne se déleste pas de son énergie par la création d'ondes dispersives. Le profil optimisé permetla propagation de solitons de différentes énergies, permettant un déplacement spectralpar auto-décalage fréquentiel sur une plage de 860 nm dans le MIR en utilisant desmicro-fils d'une longueur de 10 cm seulement. Les résultats obtenus sont comparés avecle SSFS générés dans des micro-fils dont le diamètre est constant dans la direction depropagation, afin d'illustrer les améliorations en termes de décalage fréquentiel issues du design de micro-fils non-uniformes. Il s'agit de la première études de SSFS dans desmicro-fils de chalcogénure As2Se3. Deuxièmement, je présente les limitations dues aux effets de l'absorption à deuxphotons (TPA) lors de la génération d'un SC dans le MIR en utilisant des impulsions solitoniques femtosecondes à une longueur d'onde centrale de 1550 nm. Une façon des'affranchir de ces effets, basée sur le procédé de SSFS, est proposée. De plus, je présente une expression analytique permettant d'obtenir le spectre intégral de la TPA intrinsèques aux verres de chalcogénure As2Se3. Ce spectre calculé est inséré dans un simulateur numérique afin de comparer le SC calculé aux expériences réalisées avec une meilleure précision. Un large spectre de SC s'étendant entre 1260 et 2200 nm a pu être généré en utilisant un micro-fil de chalcogénure As2Se3 d'une longueur de 10 cm. Ceci a été rendu possible par l'auto-décalage fréquentiel d'un soliton de pompe vers des longueurs d'ondes plus élevées dans de la fibre de silice standard avant une entrée dans le micro-fil.Finalement, je présente un modèle numérique qui permet de maximiser la génération de SC dans des fibres effilées. De par ce modèle, les paramètres optimaux de l'impulsion d'entrée, ainsi que la structure optimale d'une fibre effilée sont déterminés en vue demaximiser la bande passante du SC induit. En se basant sur ce modèle, une sourceSC pour le MIR basée sur un micro-fil de As2Se3 et un laser à fibre dopée thulium est présentée. La source SC, pompée par des impulsions à basse énergie de 124 pJ, génère un spectre continu s'étendant entre des longueurs d'onde de 1400 nm et 2810 nm dansun micro-fil de chalcogénure As2Se3 d'une longueur de 10 cm. Je décris les limitations induites par la bande d'absorption des impuretés OH. Ces dernières empêchent aux SCinduit de s'étendre plus loin dans le MIR. Les effets de l'absorption de l'eau, réduisant l'énergie contenue dans le spectre, sont aussi discutées.
Hornstrom, Grete R. „Nutrition knowledge, practice, attitudes, and information sources of Mid-American Conference college softball players“. Virtual Press, 2007. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1371845.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePötzlberger, Markus [Verfasser], und Ferenc [Akademischer Betreuer] Krausz. „High-power femtosecond laser sources for mid-infrared generation / Markus Pötzlberger ; Betreuer: Ferenc Krausz“. München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1237221625/34.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleCastrillejo, Iridoy Maxi. „Sources and distribution of artificial radionuclides in the oceans: from Fukushima to the Mediterranean sea“. Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/457438.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis PhD dissertation aimed to understand the sources and distributions of a diverse set of artificial radionuclides (90Sr, 129I, 134Cs, 137Cs, 236U, 237Np, 239Pu and 240Pu) in two contrasting oceanic regions. Firstly, the Pacific Ocean close to Japan, largely impacted by the accident that occurred at the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant (FDNPP) in 2011, which led to the release of radioactive contaminants to the environment immediately after the accident and during the following years. We focused on 90Sr, which was largely understudied despite being of major concern due to its large presence in cooling waters stored in tanks and in the nuclear facility since 2011. We collected seawater, groundwater and surface beach water samples between 0.8 and ~100 km off FDNPP in September 2013, two and a half years after the accident. In this work we also evaluated the temporal evolution of 134Cs, 137Cs and 90Sr concentrations, highlighting the relative importance of various sources in the coast off Japan over time.The radionuclide concentrations in water samples collected in September 2013 were up to 8.9 ± 0.4 Bq·m-3 for 90Sr, 124 ± 3 Bq·m-3 for 137Cs and 54 ± 1 Bq·m-3 for 134Cs in 2013, while their typical concentrations prior to the 2011 accident due to the nuclear tests were ~1 Bq·m-3, 1-2 Bq·m-3 and neglible, respectively. This confirmed the ongoing 90Sr releases from the FDNPP, that we estimated in 2.3-8.5 GB·d-1 in September 2013. Although substantially lower than the rates estimated to have occurred soon after the accident, the continuing releases and the potential larger leaks from the FDNPP evidenced the importance of continuous surveillance of artificial radionuclides in the Pacific Ocean. Secondly, the semi-enclosed Mediterranean Sea, impacted by various sources since the mid-twentieth century: i) on a global scale by atmospheric nuclear weapon tests carried during the 1950s-1960s and the Chernobyl nuclear accident in 1986; ii) at a regional level, by the low level radioactive discharges from the Marcoule nuclear reprocessing plant between 1958 and 1997; iii) and locally by the Palomares accident in 1966. Knowledge on their respective contributions to the presence of 129I, 236U, 237Np and Pu isotopes and on the radionuclide distributions in the Mediterranean Sea was limited or completely unknown. Our data on 129I and 236U showed that their distributions are governed by the thermohaline circulation, and highlighted the importance of constraining each radionuclide source. In particular, we estimated that the contamination derived from the Marcoule nuclear reprocessing plant was likely comparable to that from global fallout for 236U (10-20 kg) and about 2 orders of magnitude larger for 129I (70-90 kg). We also reported for the first time a comprehensive transect of 237Np. The distributions of both 237Np and 137Cs are driven by the circulation of the water masses, as expected for conservative radionuclides. The principal sources of 237Np were found to be global fallout and Marcoule, the later probably contributing to about 30% of the 237Np (~7 kg) present in the Mediterranean Sea in 2013. The distribution of 137Cs showed the influence of inputs and recent changes in circulation. The main source of Pu was confirmed to be global fallout, as shown by the 240Pu/239Pu atom ratios of about 0.18 throughout the Mediterranean Sea. The distribution of 239,240Pu was affected by, in addition to circulation, particle scavenging and remineralization. A notable result of this study was the lower levels of 239,240Pu in the water column of the Eastern Basin than in the Western Basin that were possible due to enchanced boundary scavenging on shelf sediments or the limited scavenging by particles in open waters and enhanced westward transport by water dynamics.
Berg, Trenton Jeffery. „Compact, mid-infared laser source for remote sensing of gas effluents“. Thesis, Montana State University, 2009. http://etd.lib.montana.edu/etd/2009/berg/BergT1209.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGilles, Clément. „Optique intégrée pour sources largement accordables moyen-infrarouge“. Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLS009/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn the mid-infrared, arrays of distributed feedback quantum cascade lasers have been developed as a serious alternative to obtain extended wavelength operation range of laser-based gas sensing systems. Narrow-linewidth, single mode operation and wide tunability are then gathered together on a single chip with high compactness and intrinsic stability. In order to benefit from this extended wavelength range in a single output beam, the key challenge resides in the combination of different technologies to merge the output of different sources via the use of mid-IR photonic integrated circuits (PIC). The PIC can be split into three main blocks: the passive waveguide platform, the beam combiner and the active/passive coupler. For beam handling and guiding, we report fabrication and characterization of deeply etched InP/InGaAs/InP waveguides with state of the art performances. We fabricate and characterize multiplexers based on echelle and arrayed waveguide gratings on InP and SiGe platforms. A 60-to-1 spectral multiplexer operating in the 7-to-8.5 µm range is demonstrated. An advanced multiplexing scheme using interleaved and cross-order operations is also exposed. Finally, we realize quantum cascade laser arrays on InP and silicon. We design, fabricate and characterize an adiabatic coupler to efficiently and monolithically integrate active and passive waveguides. Heterogenous and hybrid integration are also considered with the demonstration of a tunable source using laser array and InP-based multiplexer
Parsa, Shahrzad. „High-power fiber-laser-pumped picosecond nonlinear optical sources from the near- to mid-infrared“. Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/620786.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLas fuentes coherentes de picosegundos ultrarrápidos en el rango espectral de infrarrojo cercano a infrarrojo medio (IR) son de gran interés para una amplia variedad de aplicaciones tales como pump-probe espectroscopia, la teledetección, la fotobiología y las nuevas técnicas de upconversion imaging. La óptica no lineal, y en particular las técnicas de conversión de frecuencia no lineal, ofrecen un enfoque eficiente y eficaz para la realización de fuentes que emiten tales radiaciones, ya que hoy en día, las fuentes basadas en la conversión de frecuencia no lineal son fuentes viables y fiables de emisión de radiaciones láser con amplia sintonía de longitud de onda y escalabilidad de potencia, sin necesidad de refrigeración criogénica. En esta tesis, hemos demostrado fuentes de picosegundos de alta potencia y alta tasa de repetición basadas en procesos de conversión de frecuencia no lineales a través de osciladores ópticos paramétricos (OPO) y generación de frecuencias de diferencia (DFG) para cubrir la región de longitud de onda de IR cercano a IR medio del espectro electromagnético. Hemos desarrollado una fuente de picosegundos estable, de alta tasa de repetición, rápidamente sintonizable, basado en un cristal PPKTP con períodos de rejilla diseñados en forma de abanico. El OPO, es bombeado sincrónicamente por un mode-locked láser de fibra de Yb, doblado en frecuencia para generar verde a 532 nm, que proporciona radiación estable y de alta potencia rápidamente sintonizable de 749-962 nm en el signal y de 1189-1838 nm en el idler, a temperatura ambiente. Además, hemos demostrado lo que creemos que es la primera fuente de picosegundos sintonizable con alta tasa de repetición basada en el cristal OP-GaP en el IR medio. Usando una DFG de un solo paso entre un mode-locked láser de fibra de Yb a 1064 nm y la salida ajustable de un OPO de picosegundo basado en un cristal de MgO:sPPLT bombeado sincrónicamente por el mismo láser, la fuente generó radiación sintonizable de 3040-3132 nm en el medio-IR a la velocidad de repetición de ~80 MHz, con buena calidad de haz. Además, también presentamos el primer OPO de picosegundos de alta potencia y buena calidad de haz, con resonancia del idler, basado en un cristal MgO:PPLN de rejilla múltiple sintonizable a lo largo de 2100-4000 nm en el IR medio. El OPO proporcionó hasta 3.5 W de radiación de IR medio con valores de M2 mejores que 1.8 tanto en dirección horizontal como vertical
Kedenburg, Stefan [Verfasser], und Harald [Akademischer Betreuer] Giessen. „Near- and mid-infrared supercontinuum sources with MHz repetition rates / Stefan Kedenburg ; Betreuer: Harald Giessen“. Stuttgart : Universitätsbibliothek der Universität Stuttgart, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1132134536/34.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleKrier, Susan Elaine. „Light sources for the mid-infrared spectral region based on narrow gap III-V alloys“. Thesis, Lancaster University, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.404257.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleTandeo, Pierre. „Modélisation spatio-temporelle d’une variable quantitative à partir de données multi-sources : Application à la température de surface des océans“. Rennes, Agrocampus Ouest, 2010. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00582679.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn this thesis, an important oceanographic variable for the monitoring of the climate is studied: the sea surface temperature. At the global level, this variable is observed along the ocean by several remote sensed sources. In order to treat all this information, statistical methods are used to summarize our variable of interest in global daily map. For that purpose, a state-space linear model with Gaussian error is suggested. We begin to introduce this model on data resulting from having an irregular sampling. Then, we work on the estimation of the parameters. This is based on the combination of the method of moments and the maximum likelihood estimates, with the study of the EM algorithm and the Kalman recursions. Finally, this methodology is applied to estimate the variance of errors and the temporal correlation parameter to the Atlantic ocean. We add the spatial component and propose a separable second order structure, based on the product of a temporal covariance and a spatial anisotropic covariance. According to usual geostatistical methods, the parameters of this covariance are estimated on the Atlantic ocean and form a relevant atlas for the oceanographers. Finally, we show that the contribution of the spatial information increases the predictive behaviour of the model
Hung, Hazel S. S. „An adaptive mid-infrared ultrashort pulse source for applications in coherent control“. Thesis, University of Southampton, 2008. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/340806/.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleConstant, Mel. „Source, transfert et devenir des microplastiques (MPs) en mer Méditerranée Nord-Occidentale“. Thesis, Perpignan, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PERP0057/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnthropogenic litter, particularly plastic litter and their fragments (microplastics or “MPs”; < 5 mm) represent a highly pervasive and persistent global threat to marine ecosystems, as they can be ingested by a wide range of marine species. As a landlocked sea with a high population density, the Mediterranean Sea is highly exposed to marine litter pollution. This thesis aims tounderstand the origin and the future of marine MPs thanks to a holistic approach from terrestrial sources to marine sinks. This strategy was applied at the regional scale of the Gulf of Lion (Northwestern Mediterranean Sea) on all coastal compartments. MPs were observed in every studied matrices (water, sediment, atmospheric fallout) with a high variability within and betweenthe different compartments. No significant qualitative trend seems to occur during the transfer of MPs between compartments and fibers were the most abundant shape found in samples. MP concentrations changed at a short spatial and temporal scale (< 1 hour and < 1 kilometer), overlaying other variabilities (i.e. seasonal or between sites). If no obvious relationship betweenexternal forcing (e.g. precipitations, river flow rates, winds) and MP concentrations was observed, rainfall events seemed to have an important impact on the amount of MPs transferred into the sea. Extrapolating our results to the whole Gulf of Lion watersheds, 30 ± 20 tons of MPs would settle on urban areas and 7 ± 10 tons would be supplied by rivers into the Mediterranean Sea every year. The extrapolation of MP quantities within marine environments seems to indicate that the sea surface and beaches are only transitory compartments (<1 ton) whereas sea floor and water column couldbe more impacted (up to 350 tons for marine sediment). New data on water column and marine sediments are needed to confirm this hypothesis, but those results suggest that both latter compartments could be major sinks for marine MPs
Devi, Kavita. „Continuous-wave optical parametric oscillators and frequency conversion sources from the ultraviolet to the mid-infrared“. Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/130392.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleArchipovaite, Giedre Marija. „High energy and high repetition rate parametric sources in the mid- wavelength Infrared and their applications“. Thesis, Bordeaux, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018BORD0158/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleUltrashort pulse light sources in the near- to mid-wavelength infrared spectral region are in high demand for strong field physics in atoms, molecules and condensed matter. According to the three step model [1], the energy cut off of generated high harmonics scales as I×λ2, which favors longer driving wavelengths in order to generate more energetic XUV photons, and potentially shorter attosecond, soft X-ray pulses. Unfortunately, photon energy extensionis at the cost of an efficiency drop scaling as λ−5.5 [2]. The availability of a high-repetitionrate laser system is paramount to mitigate the efficiency issues and still produce high photon fluxes. Even though there are only a few laser gain media suitable for intense femtosecond pulse generation in the mid-IR spectral region, the overall scalability of the pulse repetition rate, the duration and power are still a challenge [3, 4]. Thus, parametric systems based on a nonlinear three wave-mixing, are an attractive alternative to generate the required ultrashort pulses for those experiments. Currently high power middle infrared parametric systems can’t reach the required intensities to reliably drive high harmonic generation (HHG) in gas. However, these sources are attractive drivers for HHG in solids, which requires lower intensities on the target. On the other hand, high energy, but lower repetition rate systems arecapable of generating energetic pulses for HHG experiments in gas. However, the overall efficiency of those drivers is still low. Depending on the required harmonics energy, the XUV could be efficiently generated by post-compressed NIR lasers.This thesis describes the development of MWIR sources and their applications in strong field physics. We have chosen to investigate parametric sources driven by high average power fiber CPA pump laser and by high energy Yb:CaF2 bulk laser system. The generated MWIR few cycle pulses are then used to probe laser material interaction through HHG in solids and gas
Jargot, Gaëtan. „High-repetition rate CEP-stable few-cycle OPCPA sources in the short wavelength infrared/mid-infrared“. Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLO020.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAbstract : The generation of carrier envelope phase (CEP) stable few-cycle pulses in the SWIR/Mid-IR using optical parametric chirped pulse amplification (OPCPA) at high repetition rate is of great interest for several applications in ultrafast dynamics. During this thesis the work was primarily focused on the development of OPCPA sources for attosecond science. We present an OPCPA operating at 2.1 µm delivering 19.5 fs pules duration with an energy of 31 µJ at 10 kHz with a RMS energy stability of 0.54 %. An original architecture using an all-inline difference frequency generation stage allows performances beyond the state of the art in terms of CEP stability. We report RMS CEP fluctuations of 107 mrad RMS measured shot-to-shot over four hours. On another hand, the development of a high repetition rate (125 kHz) OPCPA coupled with an innovative nonlinear compression scheme is described. The OPCPA provides pulses centered at 1.55 µm, with a pulse duration of 63 fs with an energy of 19 µJ after compression. Then a nonlinear compression stage based on a soliton dynamics in a multipass cell is implemented. The periodic propagation inside the cell allows to retain the temporal nonlinear effects, while the spatial nonlinear effects are washed out by the distributed nature of the nonlinearity over a large number of passes. We report the self-compression of 63 fs pulse at 1.5 µm down to 22 fs with an energy of 14 µJ