Thematische Bibliographien / SOLVENT SYSTEMS

Inhaltsverzeichnis

  1. Zeitschriftenartikel
  2. Dissertationen
  3. Bücher
  4. Buchteile
  5. Konferenzberichte
  6. Berichte der Organisationen

Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „SOLVENT SYSTEMS“

Autor: Grafiati
Veröffentlicht am 18. Mai 2024

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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "SOLVENT SYSTEMS"

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Raksajati, Anggit, Minh Ho und Dianne Wiley. „Solvent Development for Post-Combustion CO2 Capture: Recent Development and Opportunities“. MATEC Web of Conferences 156 (2018): 03015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201815603015.

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Chemical absorption is widely regarded as the most promising technology for post-combustion CO2 capture from large industrial emission sources with CO2 separation from natural gas using aqueous amine solvent system having been applied since the 1930s. The use of monoethanolamine (MEA) in CO2 absorption system possesses several drawbacks, such as high regeneration energy, high solvent loss, and high corrosion tendency. Various solvents have been developed for post-combustion CO2 capture application including the development of aqueous solvents and phase-change solvents. Some of these alternate solvents have been reported to have better solvent properties, which could improve the CO2 absorption system performance. This paper reviews key parameters involved in the design improvement of several chemical absorption process systems. In addition, some novel solvent systems are also discussed, for example encapsulated solvents systems. Some of the key solvent parameters that affect the capture performance, such as heat of reaction, absorption rate, solvent working capacity, solvent concentration, and solvent stability, are discussed in this paper, particularly in relation to the economic viability of the capture process. In addition, some guidelines for the future solvent development are discussed.
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Grigorescu, Gabriela, Silvia Ioan und Bogdan C. Simionescu. „Solvent/solvent/polymer ternary systems“. Polymer Bulletin 31, Nr. 1 (Juli 1993): 123–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00298774.

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O'Neill, Mark L., Peeter Kruus und Robert C. Burk. „Solvatochromic parameters and solubilities in supercritical fluid systems“. Canadian Journal of Chemistry 71, Nr. 11 (01.11.1993): 1834–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v93-229.

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Spectroscopic studies of the compound 2-nitroanisole in supercritical fluids CO2 and N2O show that π* values vary linearly with density. The solubility trends in these single component supercritical fluid solvents qualitatively followed the trends in solvent power predicted from π*. However, the relative solvent power predicted for CO2 and N2O based on π* resulted in an opposite order to what was determined experimentally through solubility measurements. The π* parameter may be of some use for solubility prediction if only a limited set of solute–solvent systems are considered. Measurements of π*, especially those in binary supercritical fluid solvents, suggest that π* could be a valuable tool for probing the solute-organized cybotactic region.
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Shuai, Jianbo, und Xiaohui Wang. „Novel solvent systems for cellulose dissolution“. BioResources 16, Nr. 2 (01.02.2021): 2192–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.16.2.2192-2195.

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Cellulose, as the most abundant sustainable resource on earth, can be chemically transformed into a variety of biodegradable materials, which have been proposed as the ideal substitutes for plastic products. The first challenge for the fabrication of cellulose-based functional materials is the successful dissolution of cellulose by solvents. However, most existing cellulose solvents have environmental, economic, and other drawbacks that limit their further industrial applications. Research on developing novel solvent systems with “greener” and “cheaper” properties is needed to meet the challenges.
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Tao, Fei, Bo Yu, Ping Xu und Cui Qing Ma. „Biodesulfurization in Biphasic Systems Containing Organic Solvents“. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 72, Nr. 7 (Juli 2006): 4604–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.00081-06.

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ABSTRACT Biphasic systems can overcome the problem of low productivity in conventional media and have been exploited for biocatalysis. Solvent-tolerant microorganisms are useful in biotransformation with whole cells in biphasic reactions. A solvent-tolerant desulfurizing bacterium, Pseudomonas putida A4, was constructed by introducing the biodesulfurizing gene cluster dszABCD, which was from Rhodococcus erythropolis XP, into the solvent-tolerant strain P. putida Idaho. Biphasic reactions were performed to investigate the desulfurization of various sulfur-containing heterocyclic compounds in the presence of various organic solvents. P. putida A4 had the same substrate range as R. erythropolis XP and could degrade dibenzothiophene at a specific rate of 1.29 mM g (dry weight) of cells−1 h−1 for the first 2 h in the presence of 10% (vol/vol) p-xylene. P. putida A4 was also able to degrade dibenzothiophene in the presence of many other organic solvents at a concentration of 10% (vol/vol). This study is a significant step in the exploration of the biotechnological potential of novel biocatalysts for developing an efficient biodesulfurization process in biphasic reaction mixtures containing toxic organic solvents.
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Nyquist, R. A., T. M. Kirchner und H. A. Fouchea. „Vibrational Frequency Shifts of the Carbonyl Stretching Mode Induced by Solvents: Acetone“. Applied Spectroscopy 43, Nr. 6 (August 1989): 1053–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/0003702894203741.

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Variation in the correlations obtained between electron acceptor number (AN) values for each solvent versus the vC=O frequencies for acetone and tetramethylurea in solution with these solvents suggests that the AN values are not a precise measure of solute/solvent interaction for all solute/solvent systems. Factors such as intermolecular hydrogen bonding between solute and solvent and the differences between molecular geometry of the solutes and solvents most likely account for differences in the solute/solvent interaction for different solutes in the same solvents.
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Allard, B., E. Casadevall, A. Casadevall und C. Largeau. „Solvent-Solvent Interactions in Hexafluoroisopropanol Water Systems“. Bulletin des Sociétés Chimiques Belges 91, Nr. 5 (01.09.2010): 372. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bscb.19820910531.

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Li, Xian-Zhi, Li Zhang und Keith Poole. „Role of the Multidrug Efflux Systems ofPseudomonas aeruginosa in Organic Solvent Tolerance“. Journal of Bacteriology 180, Nr. 11 (01.06.1998): 2987–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.180.11.2987-2991.1998.

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ABSTRACT Multidrug efflux pumps with a broad substrate specificity make a major contribution to intrinsic and acquired multiple antibiotic resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Using genetically defined efflux pump mutants, we investigated the involvement of the three known efflux systems, MexA-MexB-OprM, MexC-MexD-OprJ, and MexE-MexF-OprN, in organic solvent tolerance in this organism. Our results showed that all three systems are capable of providing some level of tolerance to organic solvents such as n-hexane andp-xylene. Expression of MexAB-OprM was correlated with the highest levels of tolerance, and indeed, this efflux system was a major contributor to the intrinsic solvent tolerance of P. aeruginosa. Intrinsic organic solvent tolerance was compromised by a protonophore, indicating that it is substantially energy dependent. These data suggest that the efflux of organic solvents is a factor in the tolerance of P. aeruginosa to these compounds and that the multidrug efflux systems of this organism can accommodate organic solvents, as well as antibiotics.
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Castro, Gabriela Tatiana, Mauricio Andrés Filippa, Cecilia Mariana Peralta, María Virginia Davin, María Cristina Almandoz und Estela Isabel Gasull. „Solubility and Preferential Solvation of Piroxicam in Neat Solvents and Binary Systems“. Zeitschrift für Physikalische Chemie 232, Nr. 2 (23.02.2018): 257–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zpch-2017-0946.

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AbstractThe solubilization and solvatochromic behavior of piroxicam (PRX) were analyzed using UV-vis spectroscopy in neat (protic and aprotic) and binary solvent mixtures. The effects of solvent dipolarity/polarizability and solvent–solute hydrogen bonding interactions on the absorption maxima were evaluated by means of the linear solvation energy relationship concept of Kamlet and Taft. This analysis indicated that both interactions play an important role in the position of the absorption maxima in neat solvents. While, the PRX solubility depends on the solute–solvent specific interactions, polarizability and the cohesive forces of the solvent, manifested mainly by means of the Hildebrand’s solubility parameter. Preferential solvation (PS) was studied in 10 binary mixtures. A non-ideal behavior of the wavenumber curve as the function of analytical mole fraction of co-solvent was detected. Index of preferential solvation, as well as the influence of solvent parameters were calculated. The process of dissolution was analyzed in aqueous binary mixtures of ethanol, ethylene glycol and propylene glycol. They were not spontaneous in all proportions, but when water concentration decreases in the mixtures, the process becomes more spontaneous.
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Nihi, Fabio Mitugui, Hebert Samuel Carafa Fabre, Georges Garcia, Karen Barros Parron Fernandes, Flaviana Bombarda de Andrade Ferreira und Linda Wang. „In vitro assessment of solvent evaporation from commercial adhesive systems compared to experimental systems“. Brazilian Dental Journal 20, Nr. 5 (2009): 396–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-64402009000500007.

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Solvents should be properly evaporated after application to dental substrates. The aim of this study was to assess the evaporation of commercial, experimental and neat solvents. The tested null hypotheses were that there are no differences in solvent evaporation regardless of its formulation and over time. Evaporation from commercial adhesive systems (Scotchbond Multipurpose Primer, Scotchbond Multipurpose Adhesive, Prime & Bond NT, Multi Bond, Excite, Single Bond 2, Adhese Primer, Adhese Bond, Xeno III A and Xeno III B) and experimental primers (35% HEMA plus 65% acetone or ethanol or water v/v) were compared to neat solvents (acetone, ethanol and water). Samples (10 µL) of these products were dripped into glass containers placed on a digital precision balance. Evaporation was assessed at 0, 5, 10, 15, 30, 60, 120, 300 and 600 s times to calculate mass loss. Data were analyzed statistically by ANOVA and Bonferroni's correction (a=0.05). Acetone-based products exhibited a remarkable capacity to evaporate spontaneously over time. Neat acetone evaporated significantly more than the HEMA-mixtures and the commercial formulations (p<0.05). The incorporation of monomers and other ingredients in the commercial formulations seem to reduce the evaporation capacity. Solvent evaporation was time and material-dependent.
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Dissertationen zum Thema "SOLVENT SYSTEMS"

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Dakua, Vikas Kumar. „Physico-chemical studies on interactions between ion-solvent, ion-ion and solvent-solvent in aqueous and non-aqueous pure and mixed solvent systems“. Thesis, University of North Bengal, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/707.

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Cheng, Chin-Hwa 1957. „Solubility of diuron in complex solvent systems“. Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/277194.

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The solubility of diuron was determined in binary and ternary cosolvent-water systems. The binary systems were composed of a completely miscible organic solvent (CMOS) and water while the ternary systems incorporate partially miscible organic solvents (PMOS) into the binary systems. Due to the low aqueous solubilities of trichloroethylene and toluene, the PMOS's do not behave as cosolvents and they do not play an important role in altering solubility.
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Lunkov, Sergey. „Modelling metal complexation in solvent extraction systems“. Thesis, Curtin University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/2018.

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This thesis represents a theoretical investigation of synergistic solvent extraction of transition metal ions based on models for the commercial used components, namely LIX63 and Versatic10 acid. Quantum mechanical studies of oxime isomerisation have been conducted in order to understand the thermodynamic and kinetic properties of the syn/anti interconversion of LIX63, which is found to favour an oligomeric form in non-polar solvents.
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Brindle, David. „Lattice models of amphiphile and solvent mixtures“. Thesis, Sheffield Hallam University, 1991. http://shura.shu.ac.uk/19397/.

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Materials based on amphiphilic molecules have a wide range of industrial applications and are of fundamental importance in the structure of many biological systems. Their importance derives from their behaviour as surface-active agents in solubilization applications and because of their ability to form systems with varying degrees of structural order such as micelles, bilayers and liquid crystal phases. The nature of the molecular ordering is of importance both during the processing of these materials and in their final application. A Monte Carlo simulation of a three dimensional lattice model of an amphiphile and solvent mixture has been developed as an extension of earlier work in two dimensions. In the earlier investigation the simulation was carried out with three segment amphiphiles on a two dimensional lattice and cluster size distributions were determined for a range of temperatures, amphiphile concentrations and intermolecular interaction energies. In the current work, a wider range of structures are observed including micelles, bilayers and a vesicle. The structures are studied as a function of temperature, chain length, amphiphile concentration and intermolecular interaction energies. Clusters are characterised according to their shape, size and surface roughness. A detailed temperature-concentration phase diagram is presented for a system with four segment amphiphiles. The phase diagram shows a critical micelle concentration (c.m.c) at low amphiphile concentrations and a transition from a bicontinuous to lamellar region at amphiphile concentrations around 50%. At high amphiphile concentrations, there is some evidence for the formation of a gel. The results obtained question the validity of current models of the c.m.c. The Monte Carlo simulations require extensive computing power and the simulation was carried out on a transputer array, where the parallel architecture allows high speed. The development of a suitable parallel algorithm is discussed. A mean field model of a bilayer is presented which has similar interaction potentials as the Monte Carlo model. The ordering of the bilayer is examined as a function of chain length, bilayer thickness, temperature and inter molecular interaction energies. In this approximation a phase transition to the ordered bilayer is observed.
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Lesutis, Heather Patrick. „Reaction kinetics in environmentally benign novel solvent systems“. Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/11865.

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Bailie, David S. „Homogeneous oxidation catalysis in multiphasic liquid solvent systems“. Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.675950.

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Carrying out oxidations on an industrial scale in an environmentally sustainable manner can be challenging with currently available methods. Consequentially, the pharmaceutical industry avoids transformations involving oxidations where possible. Developments over the past few decades have brought catalytic processes to light that can carry out oxidations using simple terminal oxidants, such as O2 and H202• In particular, ligand-promoted Pd(II) complexes have been shown to be capable of oxidising alcohols and olefins to carbonyl compounds, producing water as the principal byproduct. In this thesis, aerobic alcohol oxidations and Wacker-type olefin oxidations are studied, with the aim of minimising Pd catalyst loadings through the stabilisation of the catalyst using ligands. Continuing on from previous work on aerobic alcohol oxidations promoted by the 8-hydroxy-2- quinolinesulfonic acid (HSA) ligand, study of functionalized imines and NHC ligands shows the uniqueness of the HSA ligand in enhancement of the oxidation of 2-octanol to 2-octanone. In [C4mpyrr] [FAP] the HSA complex was seen to deactivate but Pd-black was not seen to form, suggesting that the ionic liquid is stabilising the formation of Pd nanoparticles. Supporting of the HSA complex on a SILP was shown to provide similar catalytic activity as in the bulk phase, but requiring significantly smaller volumes of ionic liquid to function. For the Wacker oxidation of olefins, cationic triflate Pdll-complexes were investigated in weakly coordinating solvents, which were found to be active catalysts in a pressurised 8% O2 in N2 environment but resulted in rapid olefin isomerisation. A Pd(OAc)2/H202,-mediated oxidation system in acetic acid was then developed, promoted by the use of ligands such as 2-(2'-pyridyl)benzoxazole. The catalyst could yield 69% acetophenone from styrene under room temperature conditions in 24 hours. Also, the concept of a thermally phase switchable betainium ionic liquid/H2O solvent was trialed for the simplified recovery of the product and catalyst recycle post-reaction.
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Payne, Kathryn Elizabeth Ann. „Pigment-dispersant-solvent interactions appropriate to paint systems“. Thesis, London South Bank University, 1998. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.267389.

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Healy, Mary Rose. „Outer-sphere interactions in metal solvent extraction systems“. Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/28712.

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This work aims to define the modes of action of a series of metal extraction ligands with particular focus on how these depend on the formation of supramolecular assemblies. Though solvent extraction processes are well established industrially often the understanding, particularly of the metal coordination chemistry, is less so. A greater understanding of a variety of solvent extraction systems can lead to the development of stronger and more specific extractants. Chapter 2 examines the role of inter-ligand interactions in the extraction of copper by phenolic oximes and pyrazoles. Computational methods are used to understand the importance of inter-ligand outer-sphere interactions in square-planar copper complexes. It is shown that functionalisation at different positions on the phenol ring can either stabilise or destabilise the copper complex and it is possible to predict the strength of extractants from DFT calculations. Substitution ortho to the phenolic oxygen in the oximes and pyrazoles can have a major effect of enhancing the strength of extractants by “buttressing” the H-bonding between ligands. However, in the amino-methyl substituted oximes buttressing is so strong that is has an adverse effect on complex formation. Crystal structures are confirmed by both ENDOR EPR spectroscopy and DFT structures. A series of 6-X-4-methyl-2-(5-alkyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)- phenols (X = H, OMe, Br and NO2) was synthesised and characterised (X = H, OMe, Br and NO2) and the copper extractant found to be 6-nitro-4-methyl-2-(5-(1,3,5-tri-methyl-pentyl)- 1H-pyrazol-3-yl)-phenol extractants. Computational DFT studies in the gas phase were carried out to calculate the formation energies of analogous phenolic pyrazole copper complexes. The predicted order of these energies followed the same trend shown by experimental solvent extraction studies. Studies also showed that substitution can affect not only complex stability through inter-ligand interactions through hydrogen bonding in the outer-sphere but also the strength of metal-ligand bonds. Chapter 3 looks at synergistic solvent extraction systems: where more than one extractant works together to provide additional strength and selectivity. Combinations of neutral N and O donor ligands with carboxylic, phosphinic and sulfonic acids were studied by solvent extraction, crystallographic and computational methods. Crystal structures and DFT-optimised structures show that ligands and acid form pseudo-tridentate ligands where both the neutral ligand and the deprotonated acid are coordinated directly to the metal centre with inter-ligand hydrogen bonding allowing for a more flexible backbone than a classic tridentate system. Although synergistic extractions systems often utilise carboxylic acids many of the structures show the similarities with systems containing phosphinic acids and it was shown experimentally that some extraction systems show greater synergism with phosphinic than carboxylic acid in the recovery of nickel. Chapter 4 deals with the extraction of molybdenum with commercial phosphinic acid extractant Cyanex 600. The propensity for molybdenum to form oxo clusters in aqueous solutions and the influence pH in both the speciation of the Mo species and extraction conditions contributes to a complex extraction profile. The pH dependence of extraction shows that different mechanisms operate at low (pH < 0) and high (pH > 0) pH. The extraction curve shows a conventional S-curve between pH 0 and 1.5 and slope analysis within this pH range gives a value very close to two but identification of structures which match this profile is complex. Maximum pH extraction is see at ~ pH 1.5. ESMS studies identified very similar species in the organic phase despite the variation seen in the S-curve. A survey of the structures of metal complexes of phosphinate ligands suggests that molybdenum-phosphinate complexes can often form cubane-like structure and negative ion ESMS data supports the concept of cluster formation in the organic phase. A common feature of the spectra are tetra- tri- and bi-metal- oxo species and spectra show a large number of peaks. It is very probable that the extraction of molybdenum(VI) with phosphinic acids is a dynamic system as extraction is influenced by the molybdenum speciation in the aqueous phase which is in turn influenced by both the pH and the molybdenum concentration both of which change over the course of a conventional extraction.
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Cocchi, Giovanni <1984&gt. „Thermodynamic and mechanical properties of polymer-solvent systems“. Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2013. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/5782/1/cocchi_giovanni_tesi.pdf.

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This work presents the results of theoretical and experimental characterization of thermodynamic, mechanical and transport properties in polymer solvent systems. The polymer solvent pairs considered ranged to those in which the polymer is rubbery, to those in which the initially glassy polymeric matrix is plasticized by the action of the low molecular weight species. Advanced Equation of State models have been adopted for thermodynamic modeling,along with a rigorous procedure that enables to extend their applicability to the non equilibrium, glassy region. Mass sorption kinetics had been modeled with phenomenological models and with advanced kinetic models.
Questo lavoro verte sulla caratterizzazione teorica e sperimentale delle proprietà termodinamiche, meccaniche e di trasporto di sistemi polimero-solvente. In particolare sono stati presi in considerazione sia sistemi polimero-solvente in cui la matrice polimerica si trova allo stato di gomma, che sistemi in cui la matrice polimerica esibisce comportamento vetroso, nonché sistemi nei quali si verifica la transizione vetrosa indotta dall'effetto plasticizzante del solvente. La modellazione termodinamica è stata effettuata utilizzando equazioni di stato avanzate e metodi idonei ad estenderne il campo di utilizzo alla condizione di non equilibrio, propria dello stato vetroso. Cinetiche di assorbimento non Fickiane sono state modellate utilizzando approcci fenomenologici e modelli cinetici avanzati.
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Cocchi, Giovanni <1984&gt. „Thermodynamic and mechanical properties of polymer-solvent systems“. Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2013. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/5782/.

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This work presents the results of theoretical and experimental characterization of thermodynamic, mechanical and transport properties in polymer solvent systems. The polymer solvent pairs considered ranged to those in which the polymer is rubbery, to those in which the initially glassy polymeric matrix is plasticized by the action of the low molecular weight species. Advanced Equation of State models have been adopted for thermodynamic modeling,along with a rigorous procedure that enables to extend their applicability to the non equilibrium, glassy region. Mass sorption kinetics had been modeled with phenomenological models and with advanced kinetic models.
Questo lavoro verte sulla caratterizzazione teorica e sperimentale delle proprietà termodinamiche, meccaniche e di trasporto di sistemi polimero-solvente. In particolare sono stati presi in considerazione sia sistemi polimero-solvente in cui la matrice polimerica si trova allo stato di gomma, che sistemi in cui la matrice polimerica esibisce comportamento vetroso, nonché sistemi nei quali si verifica la transizione vetrosa indotta dall'effetto plasticizzante del solvente. La modellazione termodinamica è stata effettuata utilizzando equazioni di stato avanzate e metodi idonei ad estenderne il campo di utilizzo alla condizione di non equilibrio, propria dello stato vetroso. Cinetiche di assorbimento non Fickiane sono state modellate utilizzando approcci fenomenologici e modelli cinetici avanzati.
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Bücher zum Thema "SOLVENT SYSTEMS"

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Hunt, Andrew J., und Thomas M. Attard, Hrsg. Supercritical and Other High-pressure Solvent Systems. Cambridge: Royal Society of Chemistry, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/9781788013543.

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Augustijns, Patrick, und Marcus E. Brewster, Hrsg. Solvent Systems and Their Selection in Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-69154-1.

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Patrick, Augustijns, und Brewster Marcus, Hrsg. Solvent systems and their selection in pharmaceutics and biopharmaceutics. New York, NY: Springer, 2007.

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CRC handbook of enthalpy data of polymer-solvent systems. Boca Raton, FL: Taylor & Francis, 2006.

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Risk Reduction Engineering Laboratory (U.S.) und Superfund Innovative Technology Evaluation Program (U.S.), Hrsg. CF Systems organics extraction process, New Bedford Harbor, Massachusetts: Applications analysis report. Cincinnati, Ohio: Risk Reduction Engineering Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1990.

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Fu, Jaw-Kwei. Pollutant sorption to soils and sediments in organic/aqueous solvent systems. Athens, GA: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Environmental Research Laboratory, 1985.

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Fu, Jaw-Kwei. Pollutant sorption to soils and sediments in organic/aqueous solvent systems. Athens, GA: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Environmental Research Laboratory, 1985.

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H, Russell J. Method for predicting equilibrium values in the solvent extraction of nickel in ammoniacal systems. Washington, D.C. (2401 E St., N.W., MS #9800, Washington 20241-0001): U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Bureau of Mines, 1991.

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Nilsen, D. N. A method for predicting equilibrium values in the solvent extraction of copper in ammoniacal systems. Pittsburgh, Pa: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Bureau of Mines, 1988.

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American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers., Hrsg. Reducing emission of halogenated refrigerants in refrigeration and air-conditioning equipment and systems. Atlanta, Ga: ASHRAE, 1996.

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Buchteile zum Thema "SOLVENT SYSTEMS"

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Kobayashi, Motoyasu. „Solvent Response“. In Biologically-Inspired Systems, 169–82. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-92654-4_7.

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Okada, Tadashi, und Hiroshi Miyasaka. „Solvent Effects“. In From Molecules to Molecular Systems, 243–61. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-66868-8_14.

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Zhang, Jack, Baodong Zhao und Bryan Schreiner. „Rare Earth Solvent Extraction Systems“. In Separation Hydrometallurgy of Rare Earth Elements, 79–169. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-28235-0_4.

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Surasarang, Soraya Hengsawas, und Robert O. Williams. „Co-solvent and Complexation Systems“. In Formulating Poorly Water Soluble Drugs, 215–56. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-42609-9_5.

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Ben-Naim, Arieh. „Solvent Induced Effects on Protein Folding“. In Biologically-Inspired Systems, 69–91. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-67227-0_4.

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6

Bunzl, K. „Ion-Exchange Kinetics in Heterogeneous Systems“. In Ion Exchange and Solvent Extraction, 229–74. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003208846-6.

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Martin, D. G. „Optimization of Countercurrent Chromatography Solvent Systems“. In ACS Symposium Series, 78–86. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-1995-0593.ch006.

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Schwartz, Benjamin J., Jason C. King und Charles B. Harris. „The Molecular Basis of Solvent Caging“. In Ultrafast Dynamics of Chemical Systems, 235–48. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0916-1_8.

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Corongiu, G., D. A. Estrin und L. Paglieri. „Computer Simulation for Chemical Systems: from Vacuum to Solution“. In Solvent Effects and Chemical Reactivity, 179–229. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/0-306-46931-6_4.

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Kalinitchev, A. I. „Investigation of Intraparticle Ion-Exchange Kinetics in Selective Systems“. In Ion Exchange and Solvent Extraction, 149–96. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003208846-4.

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Konferenzberichte zum Thema "SOLVENT SYSTEMS"

1

Elsaesser, Thomas. „Femtosecond intramolecular proton transfer in hydrogen bonded systems“. In Ultrafast reaction dynamics and solvent effects. AIP, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.45384.

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Staib, Arnulf, Rossend Rey und James T. Hynes. „Ultrafast vibrational predissociation and relaxation in hydrogen-bonded systems“. In Ultrafast reaction dynamics and solvent effects. AIP, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.45406.

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Grest, Gary S., Pieter J. in 't Veld, Jeremy B. Lechman, Michio Tokuyama, Irwin Oppenheim und Hideya Nishiyama. „Molecular Simulations of Nanoparticles in an Explicit Solvent“. In COMPLEX SYSTEMS: 5th International Workshop on Complex Systems. AIP, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2897804.

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Wilson, James A., Jonathan D. Wehking, Mark Trautman, Mark E. Blue und Ranganathan Kumar. „Modeling Phase Change Heat Transfer of Liquid/Vapor Systems in Free and Porous Media“. In ASME 2015 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2015-53232.

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Effective Solvent Extraction Incorporating Electromagnetic Heating (ESEIEH) is a relatively new concept that relies on Radio Frequency (RF) heating and solvents to replace steam in current thermal processes for the purpose of extracting bitumen from oil rich sands. The work presented here will further the understanding of the near wellbore flow and phase behavior of the ESEIEH process in order to better predict solvent vaporization dynamics and heat rates delivered to the pay zone. This numerical study details the aspects of phase change of liquid/vapor systems confined in porous media heated by electromagnetic radiation, and approximated by a volumetric heat source term in the energy equation. The objective of this work is to utilize the numerical methodology presented herein to predict liquid penetration depth in a heated isotropic porous matrix to avoid the over-saturation of liquid solvent in the pay zone. Results demonstrate the sensitivity of the liquid solvent penetration depth to the solvent delivery rate and the resulting temperature.
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5

Hu, Bingge, und Daoyong Yang. „Viscosity Modeling of Solvent-Water-Heavy Oil/Bitumen Systems at High Pressures and Elevated Temperatures“. In GOTECH. SPE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/219354-ms.

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Abstract This work presents a new framework for quantifying the viscosity of a solvent-water-heavy oil/bitumen system as a function of thermal energy, solvent dissolution, and water concentration, respectively. By collecting experimental measurements in a pressure range of 0.9 to 5.0 MPa and a temperature range of 298.2 to 463.3 K, the Peng-Robinson equation of state (PR EOS) together with modified alpha functions respectively for hydrocarbons and water as well as binary interaction parameters (BIPs) has been integrated to quantify the aqueous/liquid/vapor (ALV) and LV phase equilibria. By treating heavy oil/bitumen as either a single pseudocomponent (PC) or multiple PCs, such a framework, along with the volume translation (VT) strategy, effective density, and six mixing rules, successfully reproduces the experimentally measured viscosity from 0.7-566.0 mPa•s with an accuracy of 41.1%, 10.2%, 26.3%, 36.4%, 47.2%, and 47.3% (1 PC) and 30.2%, 9.1%, 19.3%, 35.5%, 40.0%, and 30.1% (4 PCs), respectively. Adding water to a solvent-heavy oil/bitumen mixture can either increase or decrease its viscosity, mainly depending on thermal energy and solvent dissolution. Water concentration in feed plays a crucial role on the mixture viscosity at LV equilibria other than ALV equilibria. Heavier solvents are found to have a superior capacity for diluting heavy oil/bitumen at the same solvent concentration, and water has the same ability for reducing mixture viscosity when it is in liquid phase. At a higher temperature, water as a vapour shows its better ability in diluting heavy oil/bitumen than some solvents (e.g., CO2 and C3H8). Such a newly proposed framework makes it possible to not only dynamically and accurately predict the viscosity for the aforementioned mixtures under various conditions, but also seamlessly integrate it with any reservoir simulators for accurately evaluate and optimize the performance of a hybrid solvent-steam process in a given heavy oil reservoir.
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Flanagan, K., J. Walshaw, S. L. Price und J. M. Goodfellow. „Solvent interactions with Π ring systems in proteins“. In The first European conference on computational chemistry (E.C.C.C.1). AIP, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.47802.

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Chaustre Ruiz, Andres Javier, Maria Daniela Mayorga Ariza, Petro Babak und Apostolos Kantzas. „Complex Mass Transfer Phenomena in Bitumen Solvent Systems“. In SPE Canadian Energy Technology Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/212778-ms.

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Abstract The overall objective of this study was to perform a series of diffusion experiments between liquid hydrocarbons (e.g., propane, pentane, and toluene) and bitumen or heavy oil to observe and analyze mass transfer in the systems. Some difficulties, such as the complex behavior of the phases, the high viscosity, and the opacity of hydrocarbons, generate the need for different techniques to measure mass transfer coefficients in heavy crude oils. In this work, X-ray tomography was used for such measurements. The measurements are carried out in environments where the sedimentation of solids is encouraged. To achieve this, a novel setup was designed and assembled to measure the mass transfer in these systems based on the density profiles established over time in aluminum containers that contain fluids. The containers were regularly scanned to track the behavior of the density profiles over time. The data was collected and analyzed, obtaining interesting results, which will be important as a starting point for future research related to systems that integrate interactions between solvents and oils in the recovery processes. Due to the novel results obtained in the original test, 7 sets of experiments were carried out, all with unique characteristics, trying to analyze its results in detail. One of the objectives is to analyze if the mass transfer is uniform and constant during long periods. This work shows results that were never published in the previous literature, such as partial miscibility when mixing n-propane and bitumen, oil swelling, oil shrinking, asphaltene precipitation and sedimentation, total miscibility, and the effect of adding pure asphaltenes and calcium carbonate to the mixture, among others. In addition, the impacts on the effectiveness of the proposed processes for the production and refining of these solvents are discussed.
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Smail, Timothy R., Annamarie M. Herb und Monica C. Hall. „Stabilization of Underground Solvent Storage Tanks“. In ASME 2003 9th International Conference on Radioactive Waste Management and Environmental Remediation. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2003-4786.

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The Old Solvent Tanks (OST), located at the Savannah River Site (SRS) Old Radioactive Waster Burial Ground (ORWBG), are comprised of 22 underground storage tanks that were used to store spent radioactive solvent and aqueous wastes generated from the plutonium-uranium extraction (PUREX) process. The OSTs were installed at various dates between 1955 and 1968 and used to store the spent solvents until 1974. The spent solvents stored in the OSTs were transferred out from 1976 through 1981 leaving only residual liquids and sludges that could not be pumped out. Final remediation goals for the ORWBG include an overlying infiltration control system. If the tanks were to structurally fail, they would collapse causing potential for onsite worker exposure and release of tank contents to the environment. Therefore, as an interim action, methods for stabilizing the tanks were evaluated. The preferred remedial action was “Grouting of the Tank Wastes In-situ.” The primary function of the grout is to provide structural stability of the tanks by filling void space with material that prevents tank collapse. Incidental to any mixing that may occur, residual material in the tanks will be incorporated into the grouting mixture. The incidental grouting will ultimately improve environmental protection by rendering the residual material immobile. To accomplish this task, the SRS Environmental Restoration Division (ERD) teamed with the Savannah River Technology Center (SRTC) to determine a remedial design strategy and to translate this strategy into a construction specification and drawings for implementation. The OST remedial design strategy contained the following key aspects for performance requirements and acceptance criteria: • Grout mix; • Tank atmosphere testing; • Grout delivery system and camera monitoring system; • Off-Gas HEPA filter system and environmental monitoring; • OST Sealing and labeling. From November 2001 through February 2003 all 22 Old Solvent Tanks were successfully stabilized. This paper will discuss the systems designed to perform and monitor the grouting operation, the grouting process, and the radiological controls and wastes associated with grouting the Old Solvent Tanks.
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Antal, Jr., Michael Jerry. „WATER:A TRADITIONAL SOLVENT PREGNANT WITH NEW APPLICATIONS“. In Physical Chemistry of Aqueous Systems: Meeting the Needs of Industry. Connecticut: Begellhouse, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1615/icpws-1994.70.

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Jossy, C., T. Frauenfeld und V. Rajan. „Partitioning of Bitumen-Solvent Systems into Multiple Liquid Phases“. In Canadian International Petroleum Conference. Petroleum Society of Canada, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/2008-157.

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Berichte der Organisationen zum Thema "SOLVENT SYSTEMS"

1

Neuman, R. D. Interfacial chemistry in solvent extraction systems. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), Januar 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6951454.

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Neuman, R. D. Interfacial chemistry in solvent extraction systems. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), Januar 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6568063.

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Shinnar, R., Z. Ludmer und A. Ullmann. Hydrogen recovery by novel solvent systems. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5856433.

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Neuman, R. Interfacial chemistry in solvent extraction systems. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), Januar 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5039703.

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Clark, Sue B. Controlling Actinide Hydration in Mixed Solvent Systems: Towards Tunable Solvent Systems to Close the Fuel Cycle. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), Oktober 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1330466.

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Shinnar, R., Z. Ludmer und A. Ullmann. Hydrogen recovery by novel solvent systems. Final report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10126448.

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Baes, Jr., C. SXLSQI: A program for modeling solvent extraction systems. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), Dezember 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1992342.

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Levitskaia, Tatiana G., Sayandev Chatterjee und Natasha K. Pence. Non-Ideality in Solvent Extraction Systems: PNNL FY 2014 Status Report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1379450.

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Mobley, Paul. Final Technical Report - Advanced CO2 Capture Solvent Systems for Dynamic Power Generation. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), Dezember 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/2283073.

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Neuman, R. D. Interfacial chemistry in solvent extraction systems. Progress report, June 1, 1991--May 31, 1992. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), Januar 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10138678.

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