Um die anderen Arten von Veröffentlichungen zu diesem Thema anzuzeigen, folgen Sie diesem Link: Solid biofuel mixtures.
Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema „Solid biofuel mixtures“
Geben Sie eine Quelle nach APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard und anderen Zitierweisen an
Machen Sie sich mit Top-46 Zeitschriftenartikel für die Forschung zum Thema "Solid biofuel mixtures" bekannt.
Neben jedem Werk im Literaturverzeichnis ist die Option "Zur Bibliographie hinzufügen" verfügbar. Nutzen Sie sie, wird Ihre bibliographische Angabe des gewählten Werkes nach der nötigen Zitierweise (APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver usw.) automatisch gestaltet.
Sie können auch den vollen Text der wissenschaftlichen Publikation im PDF-Format herunterladen und eine Online-Annotation der Arbeit lesen, wenn die relevanten Parameter in den Metadaten verfügbar sind.
Sehen Sie die Zeitschriftenartikel für verschiedene Spezialgebieten durch und erstellen Sie Ihre Bibliographie auf korrekte Weise.
1
Kulokas, Mindaugas, Marius Praspaliauskas und Nerijus Pedišius. „Investigation of Buckwheat Hulls as Additives in the Production of Solid Biomass Fuel from Straw“. Energies 14, Nr. 2 (06.01.2021): 265. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14020265.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
The aim of this study was to further increase the amount of straw that can be used to produce solid biofuels, as currently only about 130–140 thousand of the 3 million tonnes of straw collected annually in Lithuania are used for solid biofuel production. Therefore, the use of buckwheat hulls as an additive in solid biofuel production was investigated. Mixtures of wheat straw and buckwheat hulls were used for this research, with an increase in buckwheat hulls from 25% to 75% of the total weight of the mixture. Results of the analysis of the chemical composition, moisture, ash, and volatile matter content of the mixtures, as well as their ash properties, were compared with the corresponding results obtained with pure buckwheat hulls, wheat straw, and wood chips. It is observed an increase in all ash melting temperatures by increasing the portion of buckwheat hulls in the mixture. Additionally, the ash shrinkage starting temperature was shown to increase as the total content of buckwheat hulls also increased in the mixture. This increase ranged from 90 °C to 210 °C. Furthermore, the Cl concentration in fuel mixtures and the corrosion risk of equipment are accordingly reduced by using buckwheat hulls, as an addition that does not contain Cl.
2
Jasinskas, Algirdas, Ramūnas Mieldažys, Eglė Jotautienė, Rolandas Domeika, Edvardas Vaiciukevičius und Marek Marks. „Technical, Environmental, and Qualitative Assessment of the Oak Waste Processing and Its Usage for Energy Conversion“. Sustainability 12, Nr. 19 (01.10.2020): 8113. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12198113.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
The article analyses and evaluates the possibilities of using oak bark, oak leaves, and their mixtures for biofuel. The preparation of this waste for the burning process (milling, granulation) has been investigated and the results have been presented together with the analysis of the prepared granules’ properties—humidity, density, strength, elemental composition, ash content, caloric value, and others. The moisture content of the oak waste granules ranged from 8.1% to 12.5%, and the granules’ density ranged from 975.8 to 1122.2 kg m−3 DM (dry matter). The amount of oak ash found was very high (from 10.4% to 14.7%)—about 10 times higher than that of wood waste granules. The calorific value determined after burning the oak bark and leaves pellets was sufficiently high, ranging from 17.3 to 17.7 MJ kg−1. This thermal value of oak waste granules was close to the calorific value of the herbaceous plant species and some types of wood waste. The environmental impact of burning the granules of oak waste was also assessed. The harmful emissions of carbon monoxide and dioxide, nitrogen oxides, and unburnt hydrocarbons into the environment were found to be below the permissible limits for the incineration of oak waste granules. The highest CO gas concentration, determined when burning the oak leaves, was 1187.70 mg m−3, and the lowest NOx concentration, determined when burning the oak bark and leaf mixture granules, was 341.2 mg m−3. The coefficient of energy efficiency R of the granulated oak leaves biofuel, when the oak waste biomass moisture content was reduced by 10%, reached 3.64. It was very similar to the results of previous studies of various types of granulated straw biofuel (3.5–3.7). The research results presented show that, given that the main parameters of oak waste meet the basic requirements of solid biofuel, oak bark, leaves, and their mixture can be recommended to be used as solid biofuels.
3
Chong, Chiew Let, Yuen May Choo und Mohd Basri Wahid. „Solid contents of palm-based biofuel mixtures with respect to storage and handling“. European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology 109, Nr. 10 (Oktober 2007): 1015–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ejlt.200600123.
Der volle Inhalt der Quelle
4
Skvaril, Jan, Konstantinos Kyprianidis, Anders Avelin, Monica Odlare und Erik Dahlquist. „Fast Determination of Fuel Properties in Solid Biofuel Mixtures by Near Infrared Spectroscopy“. Energy Procedia 105 (Mai 2017): 1309–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2017.03.476.
Der volle Inhalt der Quelle
5
Marian, G., I. Gelu, B. Istrati, A. Gudîma, B. Nazar, A. Pavlenco, A. Banari und N. Daraduda. „Quality of pellets produced from agricultural wood residues specific to the Prut river basin“. UKRAINIAN BLACK SEA REGION AGRARIAN SCIENCE 109, Nr. 1 (2021): 84–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.31521/2313-092x/2021-1(109)-11.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
Quality of pellets produced from agricultural wood residues specific to the Prut river basin This paper presents an overview of the prospects for the use of agricultural wood residues, specific to the climatic zone adjacent to the Prut River and the qualitative characteristics of densified solid biofuels in the form of pellets produced from the main types of the agricultural wood biomass, taken from agricultural plantations in the Republic of Moldova and Botosani, Iasi, Vaslui and Galați counties in Romania. The aim of the paper is to establish the energy potential of the main indigenous agricultural wood residues and to analyze the quality of the pellets produced from these residues. The research results showed that the pellets produced from the studied agricultural residues mainly meet ENPlus 3 requirements for most qualitative parameters, except for those produced from blackberry and currant residues. Residues from the prunning of some types of fruit shrubs can be used to produce pellets by creating mixtures of different proportions, and their qualitative characteristics can be significantly improved by thermo-chemical pre-treatment of the raw material. Keywords: plant biomass, densified solid biofuels, pellets, biofuel, energy potential, agricultural wood residues.
6
Duca, Daniele, Andrea Pizzi, Manuela Mancini, Giorgio Rossini, Chiara Mengarelli, Alessio Ilari, Giulia Lucesoli, Giuseppe Toscano und Ester Foppa Pedretti. „Fast measurement by infrared spectroscopy as support to woody biofuels quality determination“. Journal of Agricultural Engineering 47, Nr. 1 (08.03.2016): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/jae.2016.499.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
The increase in the demand for energy supply during the past few decades has brought and will bring to a growth in the utilisation of renewable resources, in particular of solid biomasses. Considering the variability in the properties of biomass and the globalisation of the timber market, a chemical and physical characterisation is essential to determine the biomass quality. The specific international standards on solid biofuels (ISO 17225 series) describe proper specification and classification of wood chip and pellet, to ensure appropriate quality. Moreover, standard requires information about origin and source of the biomass, normally only to be declared by the producers. In order to fulfill the requirements for the biomass quality, the origin and the source should be assessed, even if currently is hard to determine, in particular on milled or densified biomass. Infrared spectroscopy can provide information on the biomass at the chemical level, directly linked also to its origin and source. This technique is fast and not destructive thus suitable also for online monitoring along the biofuel production chain. In this study, 60 samples belonging to 8 different species were collected and related spectra were acquired using a Fourier transform infrared (IR) spectrometer equipped with a module for solid analysis and analysed by principal component analysis. The results obtained show that the method is very efficient in the identification between coniferous and deciduous wood (99% confidence level) and good results were obtained in the recognition of coniferous/deciduous mixtures, too. Nevertheless, some clear differences have been also noted among intra-class grouping, but additional tests should be carried out. This technique can provide useful information to solid biofuel stakeholders about wood quality and origin, important especially for sustainability issues. Further work will be oriented to the development of IR methodologies for the fast measurement of other important biomass parameters (<em>e.g.</em>, ash content, high calorific value, nitrogen content, <em>etc</em>.).
7
Buneviciene, Kristina, Donata Drapanauskaite, Romas Mazeika und Jonas Baltrusaitis. „A Mixture of Green Waste Compost and Biomass Combustion Ash for Recycled Nutrient Delivery to Soil“. Agronomy 11, Nr. 4 (26.03.2021): 641. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11040641.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
The use of major nutrient-containing solid residuals, such as recycled solid waste materials, has a strong potential in closing the broken nutrient cycles. In this work, biofuel ash (BA) combined with green waste compost (GWC) was used as a nutrient source to improve soil properties and enhance wheat and triticale yields. The main goal was to obtain the nutrient and heavy metal release dynamics and ascertain whether GWC together with BA can potentially be used for concurrent bioremediation to mitigate any negative solid waste effects on the environment. Both BA and GWC were applied in the first year of study. No fertilization was performed in the second year of the study. The results obtained in this work showed the highest spring wheat yield when the GWC (20 t ha−1) and BA (4.5 t ha−1) mixture was used. After the first harvest, the increase in the mobile forms of all measured nutrients was detected in the soil with complex composted materials (GWC + BA). The content of heavy metals (Cd, Zn, and Cr) in the soil increased significantly with BA and all GWC + BA mixtures. In both experiment years, the application of BA together with GWC resulted in fewer heavy metals transferred to the crops than with BA alone.
8
KHORENGHY, N., und A. LAPINSKA. „INTEGRATED PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY OF WASTES FROM CEREAL PRODUCTION“. Grain Products and Mixed Fodder’s 18, Nr. 4 (17.01.2019): 27–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.15673/gpmf.v18i4.1192.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
The article analyzes the structure of production of cereals in the country, it is established that during the processing of grain into grains a significant part of secondary material resources (flour and husk) is formed. Therefore, it is important to use husk of cereals as raw material for biofuel production. Different methods of producing organic solid biofuels have been analyzed, and it is shown that there are shortcomings of finished products - briquettes and pellets obtained without the use of binders, one of which is the problem of transportation over long distances, during which a considerable amount of compressed biofuel is destroyed due to an increase in humidity and, consequently, a decrease in their calorific values. Fuel pellets are mainly produced without addition, while for the production of briquettes with improved quality indicators, various additives and binders are used. The purpose of the work is to substantiate the complex technology of the processing of the waste of grain mills into pressed products. Object and object of research are formulated for achievement of the set goal. The object of research is the technological process of processing of waste of cereal mills, the regimes of certain technological processes, in particular preparation of binders. The subject of research is barley and barley husk, binders (barley glue). The use of starchy raw material - flour is suggested and grounded as a binder. On the basis of experimental studies, it has been proved that the most effective method is to prepare a paste of barley flour with a content of 15% CP followed by its introduction into biofuels in the amount of 5%. The article suggests and substantiates the complex technology of processing of cereal-based waste products into pressed products (fodder mixtures and biofuels), which includes the following technological lines: a pipeline preparation line; line of preparation for the binders; line of preparation of macro components; granulation line; briquetting line. The fuel pellets produced by this technology will have 1.13 kg / m3, fragility up to 10%. The scheme of the technological process of complex processing of cereal-based waste products into pressed products is presented. The principal technological scheme for the production of a granulated feed mixture or fuel pellets of feed is a holistic system within which the subsystems A, B, B, G1, D are interconnected. The principal technological scheme for the production of briquetted biofuels is a holistic system within which interconnections' The subsystems A, B, B, G, E function functioning seamlessly.
9
Gelosia, Mattia, Alessandro Bertini, Marco Barbanera, Tommaso Giannoni, Andrea Nicolini, Franco Cotana und Gianluca Cavalaglio. „Acid-Assisted Organosolv Pre-Treatment and Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Cynara cardunculus L. for Glucose Production“. Energies 13, Nr. 16 (13.08.2020): 4195. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13164195.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
Lignocellulosic biomass is a non-edible feedstock that can be used in integrated biorefinery for the production of biochemicals and biofuel. Among lignocellulosic biomass, Cynara cardunculus L. (cardoon) is a promising crop thanks to its low water and fertilizer demand. Organosolv is a chemical treatment that uses numerous organic or aqueous solvent mixtures, and a small amount of acid catalyst, in order to solubilize the lignin and hemicellulose fractions, making the cellulose accessible to hydrolytic enzymes. Lignocellulosic residues of cardoon underwent a two-step treatment process to obtain fermentable glucose. In the first step, the milled biomass was subjected to microwave-assisted extraction using an acidified γ-valerolactone (GVL)/water mixture, yielding a solid cellulose pulp. In the second step, the pre-treated material was hydrolyzed by cellulolytic enzymes to glucose. The first step was optimized by means of a two-level full factorial design. The investigated factors were process temperature, acid catalyst concentration, and GVL/water ratio. A glucose production equal to 30.17 g per 100 g of raw material (89% of the maximum theoretical yield) was achieved after conducting the first step at 150 °C using an acidified water solution (1.96% H2SO4w/w).
10
Ivanova, Tatiana, Alexandru Muntean, Bohumi lHavrland und Petr Hutla. „Quality assessment of solid biofuel made of sweet sorghum biomass“. BIO Web of Conferences 10 (2018): 02007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20181002007.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
The present article relates to assessment of energy utilization of sweet sorghum waste biomass as solid biofuel (briquettes). The briquettes were produced from biomass of pure sweet sorghum after juice extraction, mixture of sorghum with wood sawdust (ratio 1:1) and mixture of sorghum with wood shavings (ratio 1:1). Chemical, physical and mechanical properties of produced briquettes were measured in accordance with appropriate standards. The research results showed that the mixed sorghum briquettes with wood shavings have the highest mechanical durability and the lowest ash content; on the other hand, briquettes made of sweet sorghum and wood sawdust havethe best values of all other parameters, including higher calorific values, density, etc. Although addition of residual wood biomass improved the general quality of sorghum based briquettes, it was stated that the briquettes made of pure processed sorghum stalks belong to the category of high quality agricultural solid biofuels. It can be concluded that sweet sorghum is of very good prospects and thus it is a promising biomass feedstock for solid biofuels production (not only for the production of liquid biofuel as it has been used by today and has been known before).
11
Petricoski, Silvia Maccari, Armin Feiden, Adriana Ferla de Oliveira, Luciene Kazue Tokura, Jair Antonio Cruz Siqueira, Gabriela Bonassa, Bruno Meneghel Zilli et al. „Briquettes Produced With a Mixture of Urban Pruning Waste, Glycerin and Cassava Processing Residue“. Journal of Agricultural Science 12, Nr. 6 (15.05.2020): 158. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v12n6p158.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
The briquette is considered a solid biofuel, made from the compaction of lignocellulosic residues used for the generation of energy. This work aimed to study the production of briquettes from mixtures of Urban Pruning Waste (RPU) (pruning of leaves and thin branches of trees), glycerin and cassava bagasse (Manihot esculenta). Samples of RPU, cassava bagasse and glycerol were mixed to yield treatments T1 (100% RPU), T2 (92% RPU and 8% cassava bagasse), T3 (97% RPU and 3% glycerin), T4 (89% RPU, 8% cassava bagasse and 3% Glycerin), T5 (94.5% RPU, 4% cassava bagasse and 1.5% glycerin) and T6 (control). Following this step, physical, chemical and energetic analyses (moisture content, volatile material content, fixed carbon and ash content, superior, inferior and useful calorific value, mechanical resistance, apparent and energetic density) of the briquettes were carried out. Treatment T2 had a lower fixed carbon value and volatile content, as well as higher ash content and mechanical strength. The percentages of carbon, hydrogen and nitrogen did not differ statistically between the treatments. The higher, lower and useful heating values were higher in treatment T3. The results showed that treatments T1, T2 and T3 were more efficient, producing briquettes with properties that meet market specifications, besides presenting great energetic potential, being good substitutes for firewood.
12
Siciliano, Alessio, Carlo Limonti und Giulia Maria Curcio. „Improvement of Biomethane Production from Organic Fraction of Municipal Solid Waste (OFMSW) through Alkaline Hydrogen Peroxide (AHP) Pretreatment“. Fermentation 7, Nr. 3 (17.09.2021): 197. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fermentation7030197.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
The organic fraction resulting from the separate collection of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) is an abundant residue exploitable for biofuel production. Anaerobic digestion (AD) is one of the most attractive technologies for the treatment of organic wastes thanks to the generation of biogas with a high methane content. However, because of its complex composition, the direct digestion of OFMSW can be less effective. To overcome these difficulties, many pretreatments are under development. In this work, the efficacy of alkaline hydrogen peroxide (AHP) oxidation was assessed for the first time as a pretreatment of OFMSW to enhance its anaerobic biodegradability. In this regard, many AHP batch tests were executed at pH 9 and by changing the peroxide dosages up to 1 gH2O2/gCOD, under room temperature and pressure conditions. Afterwards, biomethane potential tests (BMP) were conducted to evaluate the performance of anaerobic digestion both on raw and pretreated OFMSW. The pretreatment tests demonstrated that AHP induces only a weak reduction in the organic load, reaching a maximum COD removal of about 28%. On the other hand, notable productions of volatile fatty acids (VFA) were found. In fact, by applying a peroxide dose of just 0.025 gH2O2/gCOD, there was a doubling in VFA concentration, which increased by five times with the highest H2O2 amount. These results indicate that AHP mainly causes the conversion of complex organic substrates into easily degradable compounds. This conversion made it possible to achieve much better performance during the BMP tests conducted with the pretreated waste compared to that carried out on fresh OFMSW. Indeed, a low methane production of just 37.06 mLCH4/gTS was detected on raw OFMSW. The cumulated CH4 production in the pretreated samples increased in response to the increase in H2O2 dosage applied during AHP. Maximum specific productions of about 463.7 mLCH4/gTS and 0.31 LCH4/gCODremoved were calculated on mixtures subjected to AHP. On these samples, the satisfactory evolution of AD was confirmed by the process parameters calculated by modeling the cumulated CH4 curves through a new proposed formulation of the Gompertz equation.
13
Wheeldon, Ian R., Joshua W. Gallaway, Scott Calabrese Barton und Scott Banta. „Bioelectrocatalytic hydrogels from electron-conducting metallopolypeptides coassembled with bifunctional enzymatic building blocks“. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 105, Nr. 40 (29.09.2008): 15275–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0805249105.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
Here, we present two bifunctional protein building blocks that coassemble to form a bioelectrocatalytic hydrogel that catalyzes the reduction of dioxygen to water. One building block, a metallopolypeptide based on a previously designed triblock polypeptide, is electron-conducting. A second building block is a chimera of artificial α-helical leucine zipper and random coil domains fused to a polyphenol oxidase, small laccase (SLAC). The metallopolypeptide has a helix–random-helix secondary structure and forms a hydrogel via tetrameric coiled coils. The helical and random domains are identical to those fused to the polyphenol oxidase. Electron-conducting functionality is derived from the divalent attachment of an osmium bis-bipyrdine complex to histidine residues within the peptide. Attachment of the osmium moiety is demonstrated by mass spectroscopy (MS-MALDI-TOF) and cyclic voltammetry. The structure and function of the α-helical domains are confirmed by circular dichroism spectroscopy and by rheological measurements. The metallopolypeptide shows the ability to make electrical contact to a solid-state electrode and to the redox centers of modified SLAC. Neat samples of the modified SLAC form hydrogels, indicating that the fused α-helical domain functions as a physical cross-linker. The fusion does not disrupt dimer formation, a necessity for catalytic activity. Mixtures of the two building blocks coassemble to form a continuous supramolecular hydrogel that, when polarized, generates a catalytic current in the presence of oxygen. The specific application of the system is a biofuel cell cathode, but this protein-engineering approach to advanced functional hydrogel design is general and broadly applicable to biocatalytic, biosensing, and tissue-engineering applications.
14
Malaťák, J., und J. Bradna. „Use of waste material mixtures for energy purposes in small combustion devices“. Research in Agricultural Engineering 60, No. 2 (30.06.2014): 50–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/78/2012-rae.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
The article assesses the energy use of solid biofuels (wheat and rape straw) and their blends with suitable additives (cocoa husks, brown coal and coal sludge). The elemental and stoichiometric analysis evaluates their suitability for energy recovery. Furthermore, thermal emission characteristics in automatic hot water boiler VERNER A251 are observed. The results of thermal emission measurements show that all samples meet the requirements of the Directive No. 13/2006 for carbon monoxide (2,000 mg/m<sup>3</sup>). The average nitrogen oxides emission concentrations exceed emission limits compared with the Directive No. 13/2006 (250 mg/m<sup>3</sup>) for all samples of solid biofuels. One reason is the high temperature in the combustion chamber that increases combustion temperature and results in high temperature of nitrogen oxides. Another problem is carbon monoxide that depends on the coefficient of excess air. The value of this coefficient drops under its optimum (2.5) and subsequently follows an increasing trend.
15
Jevič, P., P. Hutla, J. Malaťák und Z. Šedivá. „Efficiency and gases emissions with incineration of composite and one-component biofuel briquettes in room heater“. Research in Agricultural Engineering 53, No. 3 (07.01.2008): 94–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/2125-rae.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
In accordance with the technical standard ČSN EN 13229 “Inset appliances for heating including open fires fired by solid fuels – Requirements and test methods” was performed the basic assessment of thermal efficiency and emission parameters of prototype of combustion accumulation stove SK-2 with upper after-burning and nominal heat output of 8 kW. Verified gradually were the bio-briquettes of diameter 65 mm from mixture of wheat straw and 20% m/m of brown coal, wheat straw and 5% m/m of brown coal, wheat straw, mixture of wheat straw and 10% m/m of water and molasses solution, Ecobiopal created with the fermented blend of 33% m/m of digested clean water plant sludge and 67% m/m of wood chopped material, blend of wheat straw and 15% m/m of sugar beet pulp, mixture of timothy hay and 25% m/m of brown coal, timothy grass hay, meadow hay, mixture of meadow hay and 25% m/m of brown coal. The lowest CO emissions, when the limit value of 3000 mg/m<sup>3</sup><sub>N</sub> at 13% of O<sub>2</sub> has not been exceeded, determined for more strict 1<sup>st</sup> class and the highest efficiency at nominal heat performance, i.e. higher or equal to 70% (Class I) have been reached by the briquettes produced from mixture of wheat straw and 15% m/m of sugar beet pulp, timothy hay and mixture of meadow hay with addition of 25% m/m of brown coal. Further were measured NO<sub>x</sub> and HCl emissions. NO<sub>x</sub> values were significantly lower than limit values determined for similar combustion of solid biofuel. Higher differences of HCl emissions correlate with various Cl content in fuels. Only the wheat straw briquettes with share of 25% m/m of brown coal have exceeded the limit value by 16%. Other fuels have shown considerably lower values. The results have proved better heat-technical and emission parameters of blended briquettes and are significant also for solid biofuels and solid recovered fuels standardization as well as for increasing efficiency method detection and ecological parameters optimization including HCl emissions.
16
Niedziółka, Ignacy, und Beata Zaklika. „Assessment of Physical Properties of Briquettes Made of Mixtures of Selected Plant Raw Materials and Post-Fermentation Waste“. Agricultural Engineering 20, Nr. 1 (01.04.2016): 101–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/agriceng-2016-0010.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
AbstractSearching for renewable energy sources causes the increase in the interest in obtaining and processing of plant biomass for energy purposes. One of the methods of using biomass is to converse it into solid biofuels in the form of briquettes. The research covered briquette production with the use of the following plant raw materials: straw of spring crop mixture (wheat with barley – 50/50%) and oat straw and post-fermentation waste. Samples of fragmented straw with addition of post-fermentation waste were prepared in three various weight participation i.e.: 90/10%, 80/20% i 50/50%. The paper presents an assessment of physical properties of briquettes manufactured from the investigated mixtures of plant raw materials with an addition of post-fermentation waste in the hydraulic piston briquetting machine. We determined the moisture of raw materials and waste, length, diameter and mass of manufactured briquettes as well as their specific density and mechanical strength. We found out that along with the increase of the mass participation of post-fermentation waste in the accepted mixtures of plant materials from 10 to 50% their length increased from 5 to 25% and the mass from 1 to 12%. On the other hand, specific density of briquettes increased from 18 to 24% for grain mixtures and from 3 to 7% for oat straw. Mechanical strength of briquettes was within 88.3-90.6% for grain mixture and 83.6-87.1% for oat straw.
17
Muharja, Maktum, Nur Fadhilah, Tantular Nurtono und Arief Widjaja. „Enhancing Enzymatic Digestibility of Coconut Husk using Nitrogen-assisted Subcritical Water for Sugar Production“. Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 15, Nr. 1 (27.09.2019): 84–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.9767/bcrec.15.1.5337.84-95.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
Coconut husk (CCH) as an abundant agricultural waste in Indonesia has the potential to be utilized for sugar production, which is the intermediate product of biofuel. In this study, subcritical water (SCW) assisted by nitrogen (N2) was developed to enhance the enzymatic hydrolysis of CCH. SCW process was optimized by varying the operation condition: the pressure of 60-100 bar, the temperature of 150-190 °C, and the time of 20-60 min. The SCW-treated solid was subsequently hydrolyzed by utilizing a mixture of commercial cellulase and xylanase enzymes. The result shows that the optimum total sugar yield was obtained under the mild condition of SCW treatment, resulting in the sugar of 15.67 % and 10.31 % gained after SCW and enzymatic hydrolysis process, respectively. SEM and FTIR analysis of SCW-treated solid exhibited the deformation of lignin and solubilization of cellulose and hemicellulose, while XRD and TGA revealed an increase of the amount of crystalline part in the solid residue. The use of N2 in SCW treatment combined with enzymatic hydrolysis in this study suggested that the method can be considered economically for biofuel production from CCH waste in commercial scale. Copyright © 2020 BCREC Group. All rights reserved
18
Ambrosewicz-Walacik, Marta, Małgorzata Tańska, Szymon Nitkiewicz und Marek Walacik. „Possibility to Use Cameline (Camelina sativa) as an Alternative Raw Material for Production of Biofuels“. Applied Mechanics and Materials 817 (Januar 2016): 34–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.817.34.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
The goal of the paper is to determine a possibility to use methyl cameline esters and their mixtures with diesel oil (in ratios of 95:5, 90:10, 85:15, and 80:20) as fuels for compression-ignition engines (diesel engines). The cameline esters obtained in the result of one-step basic transesterification were characterised in respect of kinematic viscosity at 40°C, density at 15°C, acid number, solid impurities content, sulfur content, ignition temperature, temperature of cold filter clogging, and oxidation resistance at 110°C. It was shown that majority of factors of pure cameline esters analysed in the paper, excluding content of impurities and oxidation resistance, met the requirements of the PN-EN 14214, 2012 standard. Whereas, in case of mixtures of diesel oil with varied addition of esters, it was ascertained that 5, 10 and 15% addition of the biocomponent did not affect significantly the physico-chemical properties of the prepared fuel. In turn, the highest, 20% share of a cameline ester caused a slight increase in viscosity, density, content of impurities and ignition temperature of the obtained mixture. However, it is noteworthy that these factors did not exceed the acceptable values according to the standard. In general, it was also ascertained that the only parameter disqualifying use of these samples as a fuel for compression-ignition engines was too high content of impurities.
19
Uliasz-Bocheńczyk, Alicja, Aleksandra Pawluk und Michał Pyzalski. „Characteristics of Ash from the Combustion of Biomass in Fluidized Bed Boilers“. Gospodarka Surowcami Mineralnymi 32, Nr. 3 (01.09.2016): 149–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/gospo-2016-0029.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
AbstractWhen it comes to the production of energy from renewable sources, biomass is the main fuel, burned directly or co-fired with coal, used in the professional power industry. As in the case of coal, the use of biomass in the professional power industry is accompanied by the generation of by-products of the combustion process, primarily in the form of fly ash. These wastes significantly differ from those resulting from coal combustion. Their properties depend primarily on the burned biomass and boiler type. Due to the growing pressure on the use of energy from renewable sources resulting from the Energy Policy of Poland and the requirements imposed by the EU, more and more by-products are produced. Ashes from the co-firing of biomass are relatively well studied, especially when it comes to those resulting from the combustion in conventional boilers. The by-products of biomass combustion are of limited economic use due to their specific characteristics. The ashes resulting from the combustion in fluidized bed boilers are particularly problematic. The paper presents the research results on the basic properties of the three ashes generated from the combustion of biomass in fluidized bed boilers and one ash resulting from the co-firing of biomass with coal in pulverized coal boiler for the same biofuel type. The conducted analysis of the chemical composition has shown a high content of CaO and CaOw, SO3, and K2O and a low content of SiO2and Al2O3compared to ash from co-combustion of biomass. The elemental analysis indicates a high content of: P, S, Cl, K, and Ca and lower content of chromium and cobalt in the ashes generated from burning of biomass when compared with the ashes produced as a result of co-combustion. All the tested ashes have similar granulometric composition. Particular attention was paid to the leachability of pollutants, which is one of the most important factors determining the use of waste in mining technologies, using mainly the mixtures of fly ash and solid waste from calcium-based flue gas desulphurization (10 01 82). The pH of leachates from the analyzed ashes is the lowest for the ashes resulting from the co-combustion of biomass. The pH value of leachates was approximately 12 for all of the tested samples. The results have shown a high leachability of potassium and chlorides, which is characteristic for by-products resulting from the combustion of biomass, and a high leachability of sulphates due to the type of used boilers. The phase composition is dominated by calcium and potassium carbonates, quartz, K2SO4, halite, sylvite, CaO, MgO.
20
Woo, Duk-Gam, Sang Hyeon Kim und Tae Han Kim. „Solid Fuel Characteristics of Pellets Comprising Spent Coffee Grounds and Wood Powder“. Energies 14, Nr. 2 (11.01.2021): 371. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14020371.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
To help mitigate the effects of global warming and fossil fuel depletion caused by human use of fossil fuels, solid fuel pellets were developed from a mixture of spent coffee grounds (SCG) and pine sawdust (PS). The feasibility of SCG-PS pellets as biofuel was also verified by evaluating its fuel quality. An increase in the proportion of SCG in the pellet led to an increase in its calorific value, owing to the high C, H, and oil contents, and increases in the ash and S contents, owing to the high S content in SCG. Analysis of the feedstock particle size distribution revealed that SCG particles are smaller than PS particles; thus, the durability of the pellet decreases as the proportion of SCG increases. Accordingly, the samples with higher SCG proportions (70 and 90 wt.%) did not meet the moisture content standards for biomass solid refuse fuel (bio-SRF) set by the Korea Ministry of Environment, whereas the samples with lower SCG proportions did. In particular, CP10 (10 wt.% SCG + 90 wt.% PS) satisfied the quality standards of Grade 1 wood pellets, demonstrating the feasibility of using SCG as a raw material for biofuel pellet production.
21
Wnorowska, Joanna, Szymon Ciukaj und Sylwester Kalisz. „Thermogravimetric Analysis of Solid Biofuels with Additive under Air Atmosphere“. Energies 14, Nr. 8 (17.04.2021): 2257. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14082257.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
The paper presents the combustion profile of selected fuels as a result of thermogravimetric analysis. The main purpose of this study was to investigate a mixture of different types of fuel and the influence of the use of a fuel additive on the combustion process profile. As a fuel additive, halloysite was used to investigate the thermogravimetric profiles. It was confirmed that the main combustion parameters such as ignition temperature, burnout temperature, and maximum peak temperature correlated accordingly with different combustibility indices such as the ignition index, the burnout index, and the combustion indices. Furthermore, the present study provided a comparison of selected methods for analyzing non-isothermal solid-state kinetic data and investigated the kinetics of thermal decomposition to describe the ongoing process. Two non-isothermal model methods (Kissinger and Ozawa) were used to calculate the Arrhenius parameters. The effect of heating rate and the addition of halloysite as a fuel additive on decomposition were studied.
22
Polyansky, О., О. Dyakonov, О. Skrypnyk, V. Dyakonov und I. Buzina. „EVALUATION OF ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF MANUFACTURING FUEL BRIQUETTES OF HIGH QUALITY“. Series: Economic scienceue/view/124 2, Nr. 155 (03.04.2020): 88–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.33042/2522-1809-2020-2-155-88-93.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
The paper evaluates the economic efficiency of the production of fuel briquettes of high quality. The main problems of the use of waste as fuel are noted. The main research results and a method for the efficient use of polyethylene waste as an energy-saturated component and a binder in the production of solid fuels are described. The technological scheme of a pilot plant and equipment necessary for the implementation of a method for producing briquettes are presented. As a result of improving the technology of manufacturing fuel briquettes, economic indicators were obtained for reducing the cost of electricity for grinding waste, increasing the cost of electric energy for mixing waste particles, reducing the cost of electricity, reducing the cost of electricity for drying, reducing the cost of electricity for sealed packaging.Technical and economic calculations show that the developed technology allows to reduce the time of technical cycles and reduce the technological area. A model of a technological process with an effective sequence of technological operations and the parameters of the optimal component composition are presented. The main factors that have a significant impact on the creation of the structural composition of solid multicomponent fuel are reflected. Defects of a new fuel briquette are shown. This perspective assessment, the relevance and practical importance of solving the problem of the efficient use of polyethylene waste in the production of solid multicomponent fuel is noted. A functional diagram of a device for technologically and economically optimal microwave drying of a briquette mixture in the manufacture of fuel briquettes is presented. This scheme allows you to fully automate the drying process of the briquette mixture, to obtain high quality briquettes and have total costs for the production of fuel briquettes and for drying the briquette mixture. Keywords: polyethylene waste, wood waste, fuel briquettes, biofuel, solid multicomponent composition.
23
Kolář, L., S. Kužel, J. Peterka und J. Borová-Batt. „Agrochemical value of the liquid phase of wastes from fermentem during biogas production“. Plant, Soil and Environment 56, No. 1 (27.01.2010): 23–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/180/2009-pse.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
We tested the procedure of combined phytomass utilization Integrated Generation of Solid Fuel and Biogas from Biomass (IFBB) proposed for ensiled grass matter from the aspect of suitability of its use for a typical substrate of new Czech biogas stations, a mixture of cattle slurry, maize silage and grass haylage. The agrochemical value of the liquid phase from a biofermenter was also evaluated. We concluded that this procedure is suitable for the tested substrate and improves the agrochemical value of a fugate from biogas production. By chlorine transfer to the liquid phase, it enables to use the solid phase as a material for production of solid biofuels with a reduced threat of the generation of polychlorinated dioxins and dibenzofurans during combustion. However, the concentration of mineral nutrients in the liquid phase during IFBB procedure is extremely low after anaerobic digestion as a result of dilution with water, and so its volume value is negligible.
24
Coma, M., E. Martinez-Hernandez, F. Abeln, S. Raikova, J. Donnelly, T. C. Arnot, M. J. Allen, D. D. Hong und C. J. Chuck. „Organic waste as a sustainable feedstock for platform chemicals“. Faraday Discussions 202 (2017): 175–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7fd00070g.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
Biorefineries have been established since the 1980s for biofuel production, and there has been a switch lately from first to second generation feedstocks in order to avoid the food versus fuel dilemma. To a lesser extent, many opportunities have been investigated for producing chemicals from biomass using by-products of the present biorefineries, simple waste streams. Current facilities apply intensive pre-treatments to deal with single substrate types such as carbohydrates. However, most organic streams such as municipal solid waste or algal blooms present a high complexity and variable mixture of molecules, which makes specific compound production and separation difficult. Here we focus on flexible anaerobic fermentation and hydrothermal processes that can treat complex biomass as a whole to obtain a range of products within an integrated biorefinery concept.
25
Mami, Mohamed, Hartmut Mätzing, Hans-Joachim Gehrmann, Dieter Stapf, Rainer Bolduan und Marzouk Lajili. „Investigation of the Olive Mill Solid Wastes Pellets Combustion in a Counter-Current Fixed Bed Reactor“. Energies 11, Nr. 8 (28.07.2018): 1965. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en11081965.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
Combustion tests and gaseous emissions of olive mill solid wastes pellets (olive pomace (OP), and olive pits (OPi)) were carried out in an updraft counter-current fixed bed reactor. Along the combustion chamber axis and under a constant primary air flow rate, the bed temperatures and the mass loss rate were measured as functions of time. Moreover, the gas mixture components such as O2, organic carbon (Corg), CO, CO2, H2O, H2, SO2, and NOx (NO + NO2) were analyzed and measured. The reaction front positions were determined as well as the ignition rate and the reaction front velocity. We have found that the exhaust gases are emitted in acceptable concentrations compared to the combustion of standard wood pellets reported in the literature (EN 303-5). It is shown that the bed temperature increased from the ambient value to a maximum value ranging from 750 to 1000 °C as previously reported in the literature. The results demonstrate the promise of using olive mill solid waste pellets as an alternative biofuel for heat and/or electricity production.
26
Chen, Jiacong, Yao He, Jingyong Liu, Chao Liu, Wuming Xie, Jiahong Kuo, Xiaochun Zhang et al. „The mixture of sewage sludge and biomass waste as solid biofuels: Process characteristic and environmental implication“. Renewable Energy 139 (August 2019): 707–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2019.01.119.
Der volle Inhalt der Quelle
27
D'Agostini, Érica Clarissa, Talita Rafaele D'Agostini Mantovani, Juliana Silveira do Valle, Luzia Doretto Paccola-Meirelles, Nelson Barros Colauto und Giani Andrea Linde. „Low carbon/nitrogen ratio increases laccase production from basidiomycetes in solid substrate cultivation“. Scientia Agricola 68, Nr. 3 (Juni 2011): 295–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-90162011000300004.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
Basidiomycetes are laccase producers used for hydrolysis of lignocellulosic byproducts in fermentative processes and could be used on biofuel production or ruminant feeding. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of concentrations of non-protein nitrogen sources on laccase production and mycelial growth of Pleurotus ostreatus, Lentinula edodes and Agaricus blazei. The fungi were grown on soybean hulls to which urea (U), ammonium sulfate (AS) or mixture of AS:U (1:1) were added to achieve carbon/nitrogen (C/N) ratios of 5, 15, 20 or 30. The average longitudinal mycelial growth was measured and laccase activity was determined by the oxidation of 2,2'-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid. Higher C/N ratios increased mycelial growth and decreased laccase production. The highest activities were obtained with a C/N ratio of 5. P. ostreatus, L. edodes and A. blazei produced more laccase when AS, AS:U and U, respectively, were added. In addition, C/N ratios lower than 30 induced laccase syntheses, inhibited mycelial growth and were a better condition for pre-hydrolysis of plant residues.
28
Brasil, Daniel Sielawa, Mariana Provedel Martins, Gabriela Tami Nakashima und Fabio Minoru Yamaji. „USE OF SUGARCANE BAGASSE AND CANDEIA WASTE FOR SOLID BIOFUELS PRODUCTION“. FLORESTA 45, Nr. 1 (10.09.2014): 185. http://dx.doi.org/10.5380/rf.v45i1.36502.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
AbstractThe use of agroforestry residues as an energy source acts as an alternative to conventional fossil fuels like petroleum and coal. The aim of this study was to evaluate the energy recovery of candeia sawdust and sugarcane bagasse wastes in the preparation of blends for the production of briquettes. Residues characterization took place by their size classification, proximate analysis and calorific value. Six treatments were applied: T1 (100% cane bagasse), T2 (90% cane bagasse + 10% candeia), T3 (75% cane bagasse + 25% candeia), T4 (50% cane bagasse + 50% candeia), T5 (25% cane bagasse + 75% candeia) and T6 (100% candeia sawdust). Briquettes were assessed by their density, dimensional stability and mechanical strength. It was observed that the higher the proportion of candeia sawdust in the treatment, the lower the volumetric expansion of the briquettes and the larger their mechanical strength. Results indicated that the mixture of sugarcane bagasse and candeia sawdust wastes in the blends was an efficient alternative to overcome the problems related to the high hygroscopicity and low durability of briquettes made using only sugarcane bagasse, thus allowing production of stable and resistant briquettes in all the studied treatments.Keywords: Biofuel; biomass; wastes; briquettes. ResumoAproveitamento de resíduos de bagaço de cana-de-açúcar e candeia para a produção de biocombustíveis sólidos. A utilização de resíduos agroflorestais como fonte de energia funciona como uma alternativa aos combustíveis fósseis convencionais como o petróleo e o carvão mineral. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o aproveitamento energético dos resíduos de serragem de candeia e bagaço de cana-de-açúcar na confecção de blendas para produção de briquetes. Os resíduos foram caracterizados a partir de sua classificação granulométrica, análise imediata e poder calorífico. Foram realizados seis tratamentos: T1 (100% bagaço de cana), T2 (90% bagaço de cana + 10% candeia), T3 (75% bagaço de cana + 25% candeia), T4 (50% bagaço de cana + 50% candeia), T5 (25% bagaço de cana + 75% candeia) e T6 (100% serragem de candeia). Os briquetes foram avaliados quanto a sua densidade, estabilidade dimensional e resistência mecânica. Observou-se que quanto maior a proporção de serragem de candeia nos tratamentos, menor foi a expansão volumétrica dos briquetes e maior foi a sua resistência mecânica. Os resultados indicaram que o uso das blendas foi uma alternativa eficiente para contornar os problemas relacionados à alta higroscopicidade e à baixa durabilidade dos briquetes confeccionados apenas com o bagaço de cana-de-açúcar, permitindo assim a obtenção de briquetes estáveis e resistentes para todos os tratamentos testados.Palavras-chave: Biocombustível; biomassa; resíduos; briquetes.
29
Soeprijanto, Soeprijanto, I. Dewa Ayu Agung Warmadewanthi, Melania Suweni Muntini und Arino Anzip. „The Utilization of Water Hyacinth for Biogas Production in a Plug Flow Anaerobic Digester“. International Journal of Renewable Energy Development 10, Nr. 1 (01.02.2020): 27–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/ijred.2021.21843.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
Water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) causes ecological and economic problems because it grows very fast and quickly consumes nutrients and oxygen in water bodies, affecting both the flora and fauna; besides, it can form blockages in the waterways, hindering fishing and boat use. However, this plant contains bioactive compounds that can be used to produce biofuels. This study investigated the effect of various substrates as feedstock for biogas production. A 125-l plug-flow anaerobic digester was utilized and the hydraulic retention time was 14 days; cow dung was inoculated into water hyacinth at a 2:1 mass ratio over 7 days. The maximum biogas yield, achieved using a mixture of natural water hyacinth and water (NWH-W), was 0.398 l/g volatile solids (VS). The cow dung/water (CD-W), hydrothermally pretreated water hyacinth/digestate, and hydrothermally pretreated water hyacinth/water (TWH-W) mixtures reached biogas yields of 0.239, 0.2198, and 0.115 l/g VS, respectively. The NWH-W composition was 70.57% CH4, 12.26% CO2, 1.32% H2S, and 0.65% NH3. The modified Gompertz kinetic model provided data satisfactorily compatible with the experimental one to determine the biogas production from various substrates. TWH-W and NWH-W achieved, respectively, the shortest and (6.561 days) and the longest (7.281 days) lag phase, the lowest (0.133 (l/g VS)/day) and the highest (0.446 (l/g VS)/day) biogas production rate, and the maximum and (15.719 l/g VS) and minimum (4.454 l/g VS) biogas yield potential.
30
Bansal, Namita, Rupinder Tewari, Jugal Kishore Gupta, Raman Soni und Sanjeev Kumar Soni. „A novel strain of Aspergillus niger producing a cocktail of hydrolytic depolymerising enzymes for the production of second generation biofuels“. BioResources 6, Nr. 1 (29.12.2010): 552–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.6.1.552-569.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
The screening and isolation of fungi producing a cocktail of hydrolytic enzymes was studied. Among the various isolates obtained from different soil samples, a strain NS-2 was selected. The phylogenetic analysis of this strain showed highest homology (99%) with Aspergillus niger. It was capable of producing cellulolytic, hemicellulolytic, amylolytic, and pectinolytic enzymes in appreciable titers on wheat bran based liquid and solid state media. The mixture of enzymes produced by this organism could effectively hydrolyze various domestic waste residues, revealing conversion efficiencies of 89 to 92% and produced high reducing sugar yields of 0.48 to 0.66 g/g of dry residue. This enzyme cocktail could potentially find a significant application in the conversion of agricultural and other waste residues having cellulose, hemicellulose, starch, and pectin as carbohydrates to produce simpler sugars which can be fermented for the production of second generation biofuels.
31
Honorato de Oliveira, Brenda Fernanda, Luiz Ferreira de França, Nádia Cristina Fernandes Corrêa, Nielson Fernando da Paixão Ribeiro und Mauricio Velasquez. „Renewable Diesel Production from Palm Fatty Acids Distillate (PFAD) via Deoxygenation Reactions“. Catalysts 11, Nr. 9 (09.09.2021): 1088. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal11091088.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
The reactions to produce liquid biofuels from a palm fatty acid distillate (PFAD) under hydrogen absence were carried out using 10 wt% NiO/zeolite (Ni/Zeo), 10 wt% Co3O4/zeolite (Co/Zeo), and 10 wt% (NiO + Co3O4)/zeolite (NiCo/Zeo) as catalysts. The zeolite was synthesized by a thermal and chemical treatment from natural clay, obtaining a zeolite A and sodalite mixture. Catalytic activity was evaluated as a function of reaction temperature (250, 300, and 350 °C) during 0.5 h and using 5 wt% of catalyst. The reaction products were classified as organic liquid products (OLPs), gaseous products, and solid waste. The OLPs fractions were separated by fractional distillation, and the products were identified and quantified using gas chromatography coupled to a mass spectrometer detector (GC-MS). The results showed yields to OLPs above 50% for all catalysts and temperatures. However, the highest yield to OLPs of 67.9% was reached with a NiCoZeo catalyst at 300 °C. In this reaction, a higher yield to hydrocarbons was obtained (84.8%), indicating a cooperative effect between Ni and Co in the catalyst. Hydrocarbons such as heptadecane (C17H36), pentadecane (C15H26), and other alkanes-alkenes with lower carbon chains were the main products. Therefore, deoxygenation of PFAD using a low-cost Ni-Co catalyst was shown to be an economic and viable way to produce diesel-type biofuels.
32
Romaniuk, Waclaw, Victor Polishchuk, Andrzej Marczuk, Liudmyla Titova, Ivan Rogovskii und Kinga Borek. „Impact of Sediment Formed in Biogas Production on Productivity of Crops and Ecologic Character of Production of Onion for Chives“. Agricultural Engineering 22, Nr. 1 (01.03.2018): 105–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/agriceng-2018-0010.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
AbstractThe solid fraction, according to many researches, is an effective organic fertilizer, the activity of which is at the level of mineral fertilizers and even exceeds their effectiveness, while the use of the liquid fraction does not always give positive results. In the article the optimal concentration of the liquid fraction in water solution for fertilization during cultivation of onion for chives in soil was determined. Sediment from biogas production was obtained at the thermophilic fermentation (50ºC) of cattle manure in the laboratory institution which operated at the periodical regime of loading. Fermentation lasted 25 days. Seven variants of plant feeding were assessed: clean water (control), mineral fertilizers (solution of ammonium nitrate in water in the concentration of 1:25), unsolved liquid biofuel fraction and mixture of liquid fraction from the postferment with water in concentrations of 1:10, 1:50, 1:100, 1:500. It was determined that the highest efficiency was observed in case of fertilization of plants with the mixture of liquid fraction from postferment with concentration of 1:500. Along with the increase of liquid fraction concentration and fertilization of plants with water solution of mineral fertilizers, onion productivity dropped slightly. Fertilization of plants with the liquid fraction from postferment resulted in fractional dying of plants and reduction of efficiency. The crop control of nitrogen content proved that in case of every day watering of onion with clean water and mixture of liquid fraction with water concentration of 1:100-1:500 did not exceed the maximum admissible concentration which is 800 mg·kg−1. Thus, in case of onion cultivation for chives, taking into consideration the crop growth and low nitrogen content, it is recommended to use the mixture of liquid fraction with water of 1:500 concentration.
33
Polyansky, О., О. Dyakonov, О. Skrypnyk, V. Dyakonov und I. Buzina. „PRESS OPTIMIZATION BY ENERGY CRITERION OF PRODUCTION OF FUEL QUALITY BRIQUETTES“. Municipal economy of cities 1, Nr. 154 (03.04.2020): 77–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.33042/2522-1809-2020-1-154-77-81.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
The work optimized pressing according to the energy criterion in the production of fuel briquettes of high quality. It is shown that this is a complex task for the most part multi-criteria, which is difficult to reduce to single-criteria. A compromise problem has been solved taking into account many restrictions and requirements. The optimization of the pressing process should be carried out according to the criteria: minimum energy intensity and maximum density of granules to ensure low brittleness. In solving this optimization problem, the technological features of this process were used. A solution was found by reducing the two-criteria problem to a single-criterion according to the criterion of energy costs. It was found that such a task is usually complicated by the fuzzy nature of the acting factors, and classical optimization methods are often powerless. The more complex the system, the less likely it is to find a strictly optimal solution for it. The decision-making method was applied. It should be noted that the modern theory of decision making has a large toolkit in the form of a developed mathematical apparatus and modern computational algorithms. Heuristic techniques, including experience and intuition, human abilities for associations and much more that lie beyond mathematics, play a large, and sometimes decisive, role in this theory. A model of the technological process with an effective sequence of technological operations and the parameters of the optimal component composition are shown. The main factors that have a significant impact on the creation of the structural composition of solid multicomponent fuel are reflected. It is proved that pressing is one of the energy-intensive and makes it possible to preserve the homogeneity of the mixture during transportation, to limit the effect of moisture from the air on the components of the mixture. Keywords: polyethylene waste, wood waste, fuel briquettes, biofuel, solid multicomponent composition, pressing.
34
Vasiliki, Kamperidou, Lykidis Charalampos und Barmpoutis Panagiotis. „Utilization of wood and bark of fast-growing hardwood species in energy production“. Journal of Forest Science 64, No. 4 (27.04.2018): 164–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/141/2017-jfs.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
In this research, the calorific value and ash content of wood and bark of some fast-growing hardwood species, such as tree-of-heaven, (Ailanthus altissima (Miller) Swingle), empress tree (Paulownia tomentosa (Thunberg) Steudel), trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides Michaux), oriental plane (Platanus orientalis Linnaeus) and black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia Linnaeus) were investigated in order to comprehend their behaviour during combustion and estimate their utilization potential as solid biofuels (pellets). Beech (Fagus sylvatica Linnaeus) wood was used for comparative reasons. Different ratios of all the studied species in mixture were examined in order to investigate the material ratio that provides a satisfactory calorific value, while parallelly meeting the ash content requirements of the pellet production standard (ISO 17225-2:2014). Black locust bark seems to greatly increase the calorific value of the material. Empress tree wood had the lowest ash content, meeting the requirements of the best class (ENplus A1 – residential use), while tree-of-heaven and poplar were classified into ENplus B class (third class of residential use). By using the appropriate proportions, all the materials examined could be utilized in pellet production.
35
Dąbkowska, Katarzyna, Monika Mech, Kamil Kopeć und Maciej Pilarek. „Enzymatic Activity of Some Industrially-Applied Cellulolytic Enzyme Preparations“. Ecological Chemistry and Engineering S 24, Nr. 1 (01.03.2017): 9–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/eces-2017-0001.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
Abstract Enzymatic hydrolysis is the essential step in the production of 2nd generation biofuels made from lignocellulosic biomass, i.e. agricultural or forestry solid wastes. The enzyme-catalysed robust degradation of cellulose and hemicellulose to monosaccharides requires the synergistic action of the independent types of highly-specific enzymes, usually offered as ready-to-use preparations. The basic aim of the study was to experimentally determine the enzymatic activity of two widely industrially-applied, commercially available cellulolytic enzyme preparations: (i) Cellic® CTec2 and (ii) the mixture of Celluclast® 1.5L and Novozyme 188, in the hydrolysis of pre-treated lignocellulosic biomass, i.e. (a) energetic willow and (b) rye straw, or untreated (c) cellulose paper as well, used as feedstocks. Before the hydrolysis, every kind of utilized lignocellulosic biomass was subjected to alkaline-based (10% NaOH) pre-treatment at high-temperature (121°C) and overpressure (0.1 MPa) conditions. The influence of the type of applied enzymes, as well as their concentration, on the effectiveness of hydrolysis was quantitatively evaluated, and finally the enzyme activities were determined for each of tested cellulolytic enzyme preparations.
36
Khlifi, Saaida, Marzouk Lajili, Saoussen Belghith, Salah Mezlini, Fouzi Tabet und Mejdi Jeguirim. „Briquettes Production from Olive Mill Waste under Optimal Temperature and Pressure Conditions: Physico-Chemical and Mechanical Characterizations“. Energies 13, Nr. 5 (06.03.2020): 1214. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13051214.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
This paper aims at investigating the production of high quality briquettes from olive mill solid waste (OMSW) mixed with corn starch as a binder for energy production. For this purpose, different mass percentages of OMSW and binder were considered; 100%-0%, 90%-10%, 85%-15%, and 70%-30%, respectively. The briquetting process of the raw mixtures was carried out based on high pressures. Physico-chemical and mechanical characterizations were performed in order to select the best conditions for the briquettes production. It was observed that during the densification process, the optimal applied pressure increases notably the unit density, the bulk density, and the compressive strength. Mechanical characterization shows that the prepared sample with 15% of corn starch shows the best mechanical properties. Moreover, the corn starch binder affects quietly the high heating value (HHV) which increases from 16.36 MJ/Kg for the 100%-0% sample to 16.92 MJ/Kg for the 85%-15% sample. In addition, the kinetic study shows that the binder agent does not affect negatively the thermal degradation of the briquettes. Finally, the briquettes characterization shows that the studied samples with particles size less than 100 μm and blended with 15% of corn starch binder are promising biofuels either for household or industrial plants use.
37
AlDayyat, Ebtihal A., Motasem N. Saidan, Zayed Al-Hamamre, Mohammad Al-Addous und Malek Alkasrawi. „Pyrolysis of Solid Waste for Bio-Oil and Char Production in Refugees’ Camp: A Case Study“. Energies 14, Nr. 13 (27.06.2021): 3861. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14133861.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
The current research focuses on assessing the potential of municipal solid waste (MSW) conversion into biofuel using pyrolysis process. The MSW samples were taken from Zaatari Syrian Refugee Camp. The physical and chemical characteristics of MSW were studied using proximate and elemental analysis. The results showed that moisture content of MSW is 32.3%, volatile matter (VM) is 67.99%, fixed carbon (FC) content is 5.46%, and ash content is 24.33%. The chemical analysis was conducted using CHNS analyzer and found that the percentage of elements contents: 46% Carbon (C) content, 12% Hydrogen (H2), 2% Nitrogen (N2), 44% Oxygen (O2), and higher heat value (HHV) is 26.14 MJ/kg. The MSW pyrolysis was conducted using tubular fluidized bed reactor (FBR) under inert gas (Nitrogen) at 500 °C with 20 °C/min heating rate and using average particles size 5–10 mm. The products of MSW pyrolysis reaction were: pyrolytic liquid, solid char, and gaseous mixture. The pyrolytic oil and residual char were analyzed using Elemental Analyzer and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The results of FTIR showed that oil product has considerable amounts of alkenes, alkanes, and carbonyl groups due to high organic compounds contents in MSW. The elemental analysis results showed that oil product content consists of 55% C, 37% O2, and the HHV is 20.8 MJ/kg. The elemental analysis of biochar showed that biochar content consists of 47% C, 49% O2, and HHV is 11.5 MJ/kg. Further research is recommended to study the effects of parameters as reactor types and operating conditions to assess the feasibility of MSW pyrolysis, in addition to the environmental impact study which is necessary to identify and predict the relevant environmental effects of this process.
38
Chernova, N. I., S. V. Kiseleva, O. M. Larina und G. A. Sytchev. „MANUFACTURING GASEOUS PRODUCTS BY PYROLYSIS MICROALGAE BIOMASS“. Alternative Energy and Ecology (ISJAEE), Nr. 31-36 (06.01.2019): 23–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.15518/isjaee.2018.31-36.023-034.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
Algae biomass is considered as an alternative raw material for the production of biofuels. The search for new types of raw materials, including high-energy types of microalgae, remains relevant, since the share of motor fuels in the structure of the global fuel and energy balance remains consistently high (about 35%), and the price of oil is characterized by high volatility. The authors have considered the advantages of microalgae as sources of raw materials for fuel production. Biochemical and thermochemical conversion are proposed as technologies for their processing. This paper presents the results of the study of the pyrolysis of the biomass of clonal culture of blue-green microalgae / cyanobacteriumArthrospira platensis rsemsu 1/02-Pfrom the collection of the Research Laboratory of Renewable Energy Sources of the Lomonosov Moscow State University. An experiment to study the process of pyrolysis of microalgae biomass was carried out at the experimental facility of the Institute of High Temperatures RAS in pure nitrogen grade 6.0 to create an oxygen-free environment with a linear heating rate of 10 ºС / min from room temperature to 1000 ºС. The whole process of pyrolysis proceeded in the field of endothermy. The specific amounts of solid residue, pyrolysis liquid and gaseous products were experimentally determined. As a result of the pyrolysis of microalgae biomass weighing 15 g, the following products were obtained: 1) coal has the mass of the solid residue is 2.68 g, or 17.7% of the initial mass of the microalgae (while 9.3% of the initial mass of the microalgae remained in the reactor); 2) pyrolysis liquid – weight 3.3 g, or 21.9% of the initial weight; 3) non-condensable pyrolysis gases – weight 1.15 l. The specific volumetric gas yield (the amount of gas released from 1 kg of the starting material) was 0.076 Nm3/ kg. The analysis of the composition and specific volume yield of non-condensable pyrolysis gases formed in the process of pyrolysis, depending on temperature. It is shown that with increasing temperature, the proportion of highcalorie components of the gas mixture (hydrogen, methane and carbon monoxide) increases. The calorific value of the mixture of these gases has been estimated.
39
Sheldon, Roger A. „Engineering a more sustainable world through catalysis and green chemistry“. Journal of The Royal Society Interface 13, Nr. 116 (März 2016): 20160087. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2016.0087.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
The grand challenge facing the chemical and allied industries in the twenty-first century is the transition to greener, more sustainable manufacturing processes that efficiently use raw materials, eliminate waste and avoid the use of toxic and hazardous materials. It requires a paradigm shift from traditional concepts of process efficiency, focusing on chemical yield, to one that assigns economic value to replacing fossil resources with renewable raw materials, eliminating waste and avoiding the use of toxic and/or hazardous substances. The need for a greening of chemicals manufacture is readily apparent from a consideration of the amounts of waste generated per kilogram of product (the E factors) in various segments of the chemical industry. A primary source of this waste is the use of antiquated ‘stoichiometric’ technologies and a major challenge is to develop green, catalytic alternatives. Another grand challenge for the twenty-first century, driven by the pressing need for climate change mitigation, is the transition from an unsustainable economy based on fossil resources—oil, coal and natural gas—to a sustainable one based on renewable biomass. In this context, the valorization of waste biomass, which is currently incinerated or goes to landfill, is particularly attractive. The bio-based economy involves cross-disciplinary research at the interface of biotechnology and chemical engineering, focusing on the development of green, chemo- and biocatalytic technologies for waste biomass conversion to biofuels, chemicals and bio-based materials. Biocatalysis has many benefits to offer in this respect. The catalyst is derived from renewable biomass and is biodegradable. Processes are performed under mild conditions and generally produce less waste and are more energy efficient than conventional ones. Thanks to modern advances in biotechnology ‘tailor-made’ enzymes can be economically produced on a large scale. However, for economic viability it is generally necessary to recover and re-use the enzyme and this can be achieved by immobilization, e.g. as solid cross-linked enzyme aggregates (CLEAs), enabling separation by filtration or centrifugation. A recent advance is the use of ‘smart’, magnetic CLEAs, which can be separated magnetically from reaction mixtures containing suspensions of solids; truly an example of cross-disciplinary research at the interface of physical and life sciences, which is particularly relevant to biomass conversion processes.
40
Larose, Sylvain, Raynald Labrecque und Patrice Mangin. „Electrifying with High-Temperature Water Electrolysis to Produce Syngas from Wood via Oxy-Gasification, Leading to Superior Carbon Conversion Yield for Methanol Synthesis“. Applied Sciences 11, Nr. 6 (17.03.2021): 2672. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11062672.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
Due to concerns regarding fossil greenhouse gas emissions, biogenic material such as forest residues is viewed nowadays as a valuable source of carbon atoms to produce syngas that can be used to synthesise biofuels such as methanol. A great challenge in using gasified biomass for methanol production is the large excess of carbon in the syngas, as compared to the H2 content. The water–gas shift (WGS) reaction is often used to add H2 and balance the syngas. CO2 is also produced by this reaction. Some of the CO2 has to be removed from the gaseous mixture, thus decreasing the process carbon yield and maintaining CO2 emissions. The WGS reaction also decreases the overall process heat output. This paper demonstrates the usefulness of using an extra source of renewable H2 from steam electrolysis instead of relying on the WGS reaction, for a much higher performance of syngas production from gasification of wood in a simple system with a fixed-bed gasifier. A commercial process simulation software is employed to predict that this approach will be more efficient (overall energy efficiency of about 67%) and productive (carbon conversion yield of about 75%) than relying on the WGS reaction. The outlook for this process that includes the use of the solid oxide electrolyser technology appears to be very promising because the electrolyser has the dual function of providing all of the supplemental H2 required for syngas balancing and all the O2 required for the production of a suitable hot raw syngas. This process is conducive to biomethanol production in dispersed, small plants using local biomass for end-users from the same geographical area, thus contributing to regional sustainability.
41
Esina, Zoya, Zoya Esina, Alexander Miroshnikov, Alexander Miroshnikov, Margarita Korchuganova und Margarita Korchuganova. „LIQUID- SOLID AND LIQUID-VAPOR PHASE EQUILIBRIUM IN SECONDARY ALCOHOL - n-ALKANE SYSTEM“. Science Evolution, 30.12.2017, 33–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.21603/2500-1418-2017-2-2-33-39.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
Primary and secondary alcohols, obtained as a product of processing of plant raw materials, can be used as additives in fuel. Mixtures of n-alkanes, cyclic alkanes and aromatic hydrocarbons can act as a model for gasoline and diesel fuel. Therefore, it is necessary to study the characteristics of mixtures of alcohols with normal, cyclic and aromatic hydrocarbons. To simulate liquid-solid and liquid-vapor phase equilibria, a method is used to minimize excess Gibbs energy by the solvation parameter. The authors developed the PCEAS (Phase Charts Eutectic and Azeotropic Systems) software. The input data in the case of constant pressure are the temperature T 0 and the enthalpy of the phase change H 0 of the pure components. Prediction of the thermodynamic parameters of secondary alcohols is used to calculate the eutectic and azeotropic parameters of the secondary alcohol - n-alkane mixture: composition, temperature, melting enthalpy and evaporation. The model makes it possible to determine the average value of the association parameter in the liquid phase k . Experimental data for azeotropic mixtures made it possible to establish the association parameter in the vaporphase of the systems under study. The results of calculations can be used to select the optimal composition and obtain the requiredcharacteristics of biofuel.
42
Shen, Yafei. „Fractionation of biomass and plastic wastes to value-added products via stepwise pyrolysis: a state-of-art review“. Reviews in Chemical Engineering, 12.11.2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/revce-2019-0046.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
Abstract Pyrolysis has been considered as a promising thermochemical process that can convert biomass in nonoxidizing atmospheres to value-added liquid bio-oil, solid biochar, and noncondensable gas products. Fast pyrolysis has a better economic return because of the valuable biofuel production (e.g. bio-oil, syngas). Because of the complexity and heterogeneity of the feedstocks, the one-step pyrolysis often leads to the mixed, acidic, and highly oxygenated liquid products. Moreover, the downstream processes (e.g. deoxygenation) for the desired fuels require high costs on energy and catalysts consumption. Stepwise pyrolysis is defined as a temperature-programmed pyrolysis that can separately obtain the products from each temperature step. It is a feasible approach to accomplish the fractionation by optimizing the pyrolysis process based on the decomposition temperature ranges and products among the biomass constituents. In recent years, the stepwise pyrolysis technology has gained attentions in thermochemical conversion of complex organic solid wastes. Through the stepwise pyrolysis of a real waste, oxygenated and acidic products were concentrated in the first-step liquid product, whereas the second-step product normally contained a high portion of hydrocarbon with low acidity. The stepwise pyrolysis of biomass, plastics, and their mixtures is comprehensively reviewed with the objective of fully understanding the related mechanisms, influence factors, and challenges.
43
Bidabadi, Mehdi, Saman Hosseinzadeh, Sadegh Sadeghi und Mostafa Setareh. „Theoretical Assessment of Convective and Radiative Heat Losses in a One-Dimensional Multiregion Premixed Flame With Counter-Flow Design Crossing Through Biofuel Particles“. Journal of Energy Resources Technology 141, Nr. 9 (17.04.2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.4043325.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
Due to perspective of biomass usage as a viable source of energy, this paper suggests a potential theoretical approach for studying multiregion nonadiabatic premixed flames with counterflow design crossing through the mixture of air (oxidizer) and lycopodium particles (biofuel). In this research, convective and radiative heat losses are analytically described. Due to the properties of lycopodium, roles of drying and vaporization are included so that the flame structure is created from preheating, drying, vaporization, reaction, and postflame regions. To follow temperature profile and mass fraction of the biofuel in solid and gaseous phases, dimensionalized and nondimensionalized forms of mass and energy balances are expressed. To ensure the continuity and calculate the positions of drying, vaporization, and flame fronts, interface matching conditions are derived employing matlab and mathematica software. For validation purpose, results for temperature profile is compared with those provided in a previous research study and an appropriate is observed under the same conditions. Finally, changes in flame velocity, flame temperature, solid and gaseous fuel mass fractions, and particle size with position measured from the position of stagnation plane, strain rate, and heat transfer coefficient in the presence/absence of losses are evaluated.
44
Ermanoski, Ivan, Nathan P. Siegel und Ellen B. Stechel. „A New Reactor Concept for Efficient Solar-Thermochemical Fuel Production“. Journal of Solar Energy Engineering 135, Nr. 3 (08.02.2013). http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.4023356.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
We describe and analyze the efficiency of a new solar-thermochemical reactor concept, which employs a moving packed bed of reactive particles produce of H2 or CO from solar energy and H2O or CO2. The packed bed reactor incorporates several features essential to achieving high efficiency: spatial separation of pressures, temperature, and reaction products in the reactor; solid–solid sensible heat recovery between reaction steps; continuous on-sun operation; and direct solar illumination of the working material. Our efficiency analysis includes material thermodynamics and a detailed accounting of energy losses, and demonstrates that vacuum pumping, made possible by the innovative pressure separation approach in our reactor, has a decisive efficiency advantage over inert gas sweeping. We show that in a fully developed system, using CeO2 as a reactive material, the conversion efficiency of solar energy into H2 and CO at the design point can exceed 30%. The reactor operational flexibility makes it suitable for a wide range of operating conditions, allowing for high efficiency on an annual average basis. The mixture of H2 and CO, known as synthesis gas, is not only usable as a fuel but is also a universal starting point for the production of synthetic fuels compatible with the existing energy infrastructure. This would make it possible to replace petroleum derivatives used in transportation in the U.S., by using less than 0.7% of the U.S. land area, a roughly two orders of magnitude improvement over mature biofuel approaches. In addition, the packed bed reactor design is flexible and can be adapted to new, better performing reactive materials.
45
Anne, Charishma Venkata Sai, Karthikeyan S. und Arun C. „Synthesis and Characterization of Heterogeneous Solid Acid Catalyst from Alstonia Scolaris Stalks for Biodiesel Production using Waste Cooking Oil“. Nanoscience & Nanotechnology-Asia 10 (28.07.2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/2210681210999200728123043.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
Background: Waste biomass derived reusable heterogeneous acid based catalysts are more suitable to overcome the problems associated with homogeneous catalysts. The use of agricultural biomass as catalyst for transesterification process is more economical and it reduces the overall production cost of biodiesel. The identification of an appropriate suitable catalyst for effective transesterification will be a landmark in biofuel sector Objective: In the present investigation, waste wood biomass was used to prepare a low cost sulfonated solid acid catalyst for the production of biodiesel using waste cooking oil. Methods: The pretreated wood biomass was first calcined then sulfonated with H2SO4. The catalyst was characterized by various analyses such as, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The central composite design (CCD) based response surface methodology (RSM) was applied to study the influence of individual process variables such as temperature, catalyst load, methanol to oil molar ration and reaction time on biodiesel yield. Results: The obtained optimized conditions are as follows: temperature (165 ˚C), catalyst loading (1.625 wt%), methanol to oil molar ratio (15:1) and reaction time (143 min) with a maximum biodiesel yield of 95 %. The Gas chromatographymass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of biodiesel produced from waste cooking oil was showed that it has a mixture of both monounsaturated and saturated methyl esters. Conclusion: Thus the waste wood biomass derived heterogeneous catalyst for the transesterification process of waste cooking oil can be applied for sustainable biodiesel production by adding an additional value for the waste materials and also eliminating the disposable problem of waste oils.
46
García-Navas, Duban Fabián, Felipe Bustamante, Aída Luz Villa und Edwin Alarcón. „Esterification of rosin with methyl alcohol for fuel applications“. Revista Facultad de Ingeniería Universidad de Antioquia, 09.12.2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.17533/udea.redin.20201214.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
Oleoresin is obtained via tapping of living pine trees and as a byproduct of Kraft process in the pulp industry. Its low cost of production becomes it in an attractive source for biofuels. Oleoresin is composed mainly by rosin (around 80%, a solid mixture of isomeric abietic acids), and cannot be used directly as fuel in engines. Conversely, the methyl ester of rosin has lower boiling and melting points than rosin and posseses high solubulity in hydrocarbons. Esterification of rosin with methyl alcohol was evaluated over acid and basic heterogeneous catalysts in the presence of several solvents. In contrast to acid catalysts, basic materials were active in the reaction. In particular, a low-cost calcium-based material showed the best performance. Conversion of rosin of 55% with a complete selectivity to methyl esters was obtained with 40% wt. loading of the calcium-based material (respect to rosin) and mild conditions (atmospheric pressure, 64 °C and 3.5 h) and without solvent. Other catalysts, such as magnesium oxide, titanium dioxide and alumina, achieved up to 30% conversion. The calcium carbonate and calcium hydroxide were the main phases in the calcium-based material, suggesting that the strength of basic sites can be an important property of the catalyst activity. Calcium-based material was reused in five reaction cycles, obtaining a significant reduction in the activity that was attributed to catalyst poison and insufficient after treatments.