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1
Orlov, P. M., V. G. Sychov und N. I. Akanova. „RADIATSIONNYI REGIME OF SOILS OF AGRICULTURAL LANDS OF SIBERIA IN CONDITIONS OF VARIOUS INTENSITY OF CHEMICAL USE AND PROLONGED AFTEREFFECT CHEMICAL RECLAMATION“. Innovations and Food Safety, Nr. 2 (02.07.2020): 112–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.31677/2311-0651-2019-24-2-112-118.
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Presents the results of radiation monitoring local soils agricultural land in Siberia. At the level of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation appreciated the power of gamma radiation exposure dose (MJeDG), technotronic and content of natural radionuclides in different types of soils in Siberia. Set MJeDG change within 8.0–12.2 mcr/h, 137Cs content in the range of 4.3–9.9 Bq/kg, 90Sr-1.0–5.4 Bq/kg, 226Ra-15–37 Bq/kg, 232Th-16–40 Bq/kg. Comparison with similar parameters obtained, characterizing the radiation situation in soils of agricultural land in Russia. MJeDG, the content of 90Sr and content of natural radionuclides in soils of Siberia correspond to those for Russia. Content of 137Cs in soils in –2.6 1.7 times, in crop production in –2.3 1.6 times lower than in Russia. Content of natural radionuclides in soils of Siberia close to the contents in the soils in Russia on average and the planet. According to local monitoring radiation situation in agricultural fields.
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Ishak, Lily, und Philip Hugh Brown. „Soil Microbial Activity and Diversity in Response to Soil Chemical Factors in Agricultural Soils“. JOURNAL OF TROPICAL SOILS 24, Nr. 1 (02.01.2019): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.5400/jts.2019.v24i1.43-51.
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The role of microbial communities in maintaining soil health is mostly influenced by chemical condition of soil. Microbial communities vary in response to soil chemical factors. The contradictive results from previous findings emphasise that it is difficult to define a pattern of the influence of soil chemical factors on soil microbial diversity and activity. The aim of the study was to assess soil microbial responses to soil chemical factors in agricultural soils. Composite soil (Dermosol order) samples taken from 16 commercial crop sites in Bundaberg, Queensland, Australia, were chemically and biologically analysed. It was found that bacterial and fungal activity and diversity were significantly affected by soil EC, SOM and NO3-N content, but were not influenced by soil pH, CEC, and Ca:Mg ratio. The diversity of bacterial and fungal communities displayed a positive linear relationship with soil EC, whereas the activity and diversity of these two microbial groups and SOM displayed a significant quadratic relationship. The finding suggested that microbial community was predominantly influenced by SOM content.
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Akrivos, J., D. Mamais, K. Katsara und A. Andreadakis. „Agricultural utilisation of lime treated sewage sludge“. Water Science and Technology 42, Nr. 9 (01.11.2000): 203–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2000.0207.
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Over one growing season, lime treated dewatered sludge was applied to pot and field cotton cultivation at rates of 0, 10, 20 and 30 t/ha to determine the effects of sludge agricultural reuse on physical and chemical soil properties, on soil and plant heavy metal content and on plant production. In most cases total N and total and soluble P content of the soil increased with addition of sludge. Maximum pH increase caused by addition of lime treated sludge to alkaline soils did not exceed 0.2. Heavy metal content in all plant tissues and soil samples did not increase significantly as a result of sludge amendment. Plant yields increased significantly with sludge addition for the three alkaline soils used in this study. A low plant productivity observed with one of the soil types studied, was attributed to the high concentration of Ni in the soil and the low nutrient content of the soil.
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Amouei, Abdoliman, Hourieh Fallah, Hosseinali Asgharnia, Abbas Mousapour, Hadi Parsian, Mahmoud Hajiahmadi, Asieh Khalilpour und Hajar Tabarinia. „Comparison of heavy metals contamination and ecological risk between soils enriched with compost and chemical fertilizers in the North of Iran and ecological risk assessment“. Environmental Health Engineering and Management 7, Nr. 1 (17.01.2020): 7–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.34172/ehem.2020.02.
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Background: Nowadays, uncontrolled use of chemical fertilizers in agriculture is one of the reasons for the entry of heavy metals into the environment. In this study, the heavy metals contamination of the soils enriched with compost and chemical fertilizers in the North of Iran and its ecological risk assessment were evaluated. Methods: In this study, 108 soil samples were collected from agricultural soils of some places of Babol in Mazandaran province. An atomic absorption spectrophotometer (PG-990) was used to determine the concentrations of lead, cadmium, and zinc in the soil samples. The assessment of soil contamination was performed by the contamination factor, degree of contamination indices, and the potential ecological risk of the heavy metals. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 22. Descriptive and chi-square tests were used to compare the mean with existing standards. Significant level was considered at P<0.05. Results: The highest lead concentration (35.7 ± 9.5 mg/kg) was observed at 5-cm depth, and the maximum cadmium (1.1 ± 0.2 mg/kg) and zinc (88 ± 22.6 mg/kg) concentrations were observed at 15-cm depth. The results showed that lead, cadmium, and zinc concentrations in the agricultural soils enriched with compost fertilizers were acceptable, but agricultural soils enriched with chemical fertilizers indicated higher content than those enriched with compost fertilizers and higher than the maximum allowable concentration. The maximum contamination degree, pollution index, and potential ecological risk in the agricultural soils enriched with the chemical fertilizers were 15.77, 1.97, and 293.48, respectively, and these soils had low potential pollution and moderate ecological risks. Conclusion: According to the results, it is necessary to use compost fertilizers for the agricultural soils enrichment.
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Hossin, Md Shahin, Alok Kumar Paul, Md Fazlul Hoque, Morsheda Akter Mukta und Md Delower Hossain. „Estimation of Fertility Status of Coastal Soils for Agricultural Planning in Bangladesh“. Haya: The Saudi Journal of Life Sciences 7, Nr. 5 (15.05.2022): 142–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.36348/sjls.2022.v07i05.001.
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A study was conducted to know the fertility status of coastal soils of Bangladesh for agricultural planning. Thirty composite soil samples were collected from different locations of Kalapara upazila under Patuakhali coastal district in Bangladesh with Geographic Positioning System (GPS) positions. The soil samples were analyzed for physical properties (moisture, texture, bulk density, particle density and porosity) and chemical properties (pH, electrical conductivity, total nitrogen, organic carbon, exchangeable sodium, exchangeable potassium, available sulphur and available phosphorus). The range of moisture contents of collected soils was 24 to 29% and the textural class was silty clay. The bulk density ranged from 1.30 to 1.47 gcm-3. The particle density ranged from 2.31 to 2.49 gcm-3. The porosity of soil samples ranging from 40.96 to 46.06%. The pH ranged from 5.85 to 6.45. The EC value of collected soils ranged from 3.10 to 5.12 dSm-1. The total nitrogen and organic carbon content was low to medium. The exchangeable sodium and potassium content of soils ranged from 9.22 to 18.47 meq 100g-1 and 0.16 to 0.27 meq 100g-1, respectively. The available sulphur and phosphorus content of soils ranged from 17.21 to 33.21 mg kg-1 and 17.12 to 33.09 mg kg-1, respectively. The results revealed that the soils of the study area were slightly to moderately saline and thus the nutrients present in the soils were low to medium level. Hence, salinity problem of soils should be considered before agricultural planning in the study area.
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KARA, Zekeriya, Oktay YELMEN und Hatice ÇOKKIZGIN. „Determination of Some Physical Characteristics of Agricultural Soils of Ceyhan Plain“. MAS Journal Of Applied Sciences 7, Nr. 11 (10.03.2022): 139–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.52520/masjaps.212.
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In this study, some physico-chemical properties of the agriculturally produced soils in Adana's Ceyhan plain were determined and their relations with each other were tried to be explained. For this purpose, a total of 46 soil samples were taken from the agricultural production areas in the Ceyhan plain. Field capacity, wilting point, available water, hydraulic conductivity and other routine analyzes of the soil samples taken were done in the laboratory. According to the results; The average pH of the soils (7.73) was slightly alkaline, the total lime (19.06%) was very calcareous, and the salt content (0.15%) was in the slightly salty class. The physical properties of the soils, average clay 37.13%, sand 36.65% and hydraulic conductivity were determined as 0.46 cmh-1. According to the results, it has been observed that the water permeability of the soils of the Ceyhan plain is very low due to the high clay content, and the Ceyhan plain soils were low saline class. In addition, although the field capacity of the studied soils was high, it was determined that the water content suitable for the plant was not high. This can be explained by the high clay content of the plain soils. Organic regulators (such as leonardite, cattle manure) can be applied to improve the light salt problem, water permeability and useful water content of the Ceyhan plain soils.
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Bhavsar, Monika S., Monika Naphade, Rajshri Shinde und Mayuri Deshmukh. „Physico - chemical and micronutrients status of soils of Velhale village Bhusawal tehsil, Jalgaon district Maharashtra, India“. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PLANT SCIENCES 17, Nr. 1 (15.01.2022): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.15740/has/ijps/17.1/1-7.
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Soil fertility is the quality of soil to supply nutrients in the proper amount for plant growth without causing toxicity and deficiency. Soil fertility management is highly complex given the myriad of interacting factors that dictate the extent to which farming state farms invest in the fertility of their soils. To achieve precision in farming and to maximize crop production, there should be proper maintenance of soil health and minimize fertilizer mis application One hundred farmers were randomly selected from the Velhale Village Bhusawal Tehsil, Jalgaon district Maharashtra through the Soil Health Card Scheme under the Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Dr Ulhas Patil College of Agriculture, Jalgaon Maharashtra to assess the physico-chemical properties, macro and micronutrients status of soils in the year 2019-20. One hundred geo-referenced soil samples (0-20 cm) from Velhale Village Bhusawal were collected and analyzed in the laboratory for soil pH, electrical conductivity, organic carbon content, calcium carbonate content, available macronutrients viz., N, P, K, S and micronutrients like Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn and B.The pH and EC of soils collected from the study area varied from 6.5 to 8.1 and 0.54 to 0.90 dS m-1 showing the neutral to alkaline nature of soil and soils are safe in total soluble salt content and organic carbon content was very low to medium 0.18 to 0.59%, respectively. The results obtained in the present study clearly showed large variability in the chemical properties of soil. The available sulphur varied from (6.92 to18.00 mg kg-1) low to medium. Available iron and zinc content was low to medium (0.50-6.26 and 0.42- 0.79 mg kg-1, respectively) while, copper and manganese content was sufficient (0.31-0.82 and 0.50-4.64 mg kg-1, respectively) across the study area. Available boron in soils of all the tehsil ranged from 0.56to 2.58 mg kg-1 (medium to high). Soil testing plays an important role in the use of fertilizers and other agricultural inputs. Soil test summaries and soilfertility maps are of vital necessity as reference materials for the scientific management of soil. This information could aid in decision making for the application of plant nutrients for higher monetary returns to the farmers.
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Zawierucha, Elżbieta, Monika Skowrońska und Marcin Zawierucha. „Chemical and Biological Properties of Agricultural Soils Located along Communication Routes“. Agriculture 12, Nr. 12 (24.11.2022): 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture12121990.
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The aim of the study was to assess the quality of agricultural soils, which accumulate additional amounts of heavy metals from fertilization and modify their bioavailability, with the use of interdependencies between their biological and chemical properties conditioned by the distance from communication routes. Our results indicated that heavy metals had an impact on enzyme activity in soils and their accumulation was significantly related to the distance from the edge of the road, location of sampling sites, date of soil sampling, and years of research. It was found that the greatest amounts of zinc, cadmium, lead, and copper were accumulated at a distance of 5–20 m from the edge of the road. The highest enrichment factor and geoaccumulation index values were recorded for Pb, followed by Zn, Cu, and Cd. Principal component analysis and regression models showed that the activities of phosphatase and dehydrogenases seem to be the best bioindicators of contamination of roadside soils used for agricultural purposes. Since their activity is related to soil’s organic carbon content, inputs of organic fertilizers and crop residues should be ensured in the agroecosystems along roadsides.
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Nadi, M., E. Sedaghati und G. Füleky. „Characterization of organic matter content of Hungarian agricultural soils“. Acta Agronomica Hungarica 60, Nr. 4 (01.12.2012): 357–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/aagr.60.2012.4.6.
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Humic substances have proved to be very important fractions in soils, playing a key role especially in agricultural soil and influencing chemical and physical soil properties. Spectroscopic methods are widely used to identify the quality of soil humic substances. In this study, 16 soil samples were selected from the Soil Bank of the Soil Science Laboratory at Szent István University, Gödöllő. The samples were extracted using the Hot Water Percolation (HWP) method and the amount of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in each fraction was measured. The kinetics of the DOC extraction process with the HWP method was estimated. The Ultraviolet Visible (UV-VIS) technique was used to characterize the properties of HWP-dissolved organic carbon (HWP-DOC), measuring absorbance at 200–700 nm. Among the humification parameters, the absorbance ratios at 254 and 365 nm (E2/E3) and 465 and 665 nm (E4/E6), the specific UV absorbance (SUVA) and the UV absorbance ratio index (URI) were estimated. The K factor (humus stability coefficient) and E2/E3 and E4/E6 in NaOH and NaF extracts were also measured. The properties of HWP-DOC were similar in most of the soil samples. There was a good correlation between the content of HWP-DOC and the absorbance at 254 nm. URI, SUVA, E2/E3 and E4/E6 indicated that most of the HWP-DOC in the samples consisted of fulvic acid components with greater activity, simpler structure and low molecular weight.
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Kombienou Pocoun Damè. „Physico-chemical characterization of the soils of the watersheds of Boukombe in North-West Benin“. International Journal of Science and Research Archive 1, Nr. 1 (30.11.2020): 035–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/ijsra.2020.1.1.0015.
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This study addresses the specificities of soils in low-income countries. These infertile soils are characterized by low levels of agricultural productivity and the disappearance of long-term fallow, which is gradually giving way to shorter-term fallow and sedentary agriculture. The overall objective was to assess the physico-chemical characteristics of the soils of the Boukombe watersheds in the north-west of Atacora in Benin. Soil studies of 15 farm sites from which soils were sampled at the [0-20] cm horizon with 30 composite samples and statistical analyzes were performed. The results of particle size analysis showed predominance (68%) of a textural dimorphism with a sandy loam character and a relatively stable structure. The soils are generally acidic (pH ≤ 5), sodium in places and poor in Organic Matter (0.3%), particularly in the plateau. Mountain lands have soils richer in OM (4%), but poor in nitrogen with a content of between [0.02-0.14%], the C / N ratio at 3% lower than 12. The contents nutrients and minerals are accumulated at the bottom of slopes (2.23% carbon, 0.14% nitrogen) and at the top of slopes (14ppm of phosphorus) under Fonio. These soils remain in a fragile state, subjecting them to the process of intense erosion. The degradation, silting up and progressive acidification of soils constitute the main constraints of agricultural production, the solution of which is based on restoring their fertility by rehabilitating dikes and removing silt.
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Silva, Jefferson Ferreira da, Stephany Diolino Cunha, Henyo Alves Rodrigues Dias, Matheus Da Silva Araújo, Ednaldo Cândido Rocha, Márcio Da Silva Araújo und Adilson Pelá. „Boron Dynamics in Agricultural Soils of the Cerrado: Study on Sources, Doses and Leaching“. Journal of Agricultural Studies 9, Nr. 2 (24.05.2021): 488. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jas.v9i2.18581.
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The objectives of this study were: to evaluate the leaching potential of B in a Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo (Oxisol) as a function of sources and doses of this micronutrient; among the sources tested (boric acid, ulexite and the commercial source H2 Boro), to determine the one with the lowest leaching potential; to evaluate leaching losses at different doses in each soil layer evaluated; and to identify chemical and physical variables of soils that influence B leaching. For that, two experiments were conducted in a greenhouse. The first one tested B leaching in the soil, with the three sources under study and five doses of B (0; 12; 24; 36; and 48 kg ha-1), whereas the second experiment evaluated the influence of soil physical and chemical attributes on B leaching using soils randomly collected in 22 localities in southeastern Goiás, Brazil. Regardless of the dose applied, ulexite led to the lowest soluble B content in the profile of the analyzed soils and also in the leachate. Boric acid was the only source that showed a different behavior in relation to B content in the different soil layers and in the leachate. In the soil layer from 21 to 30 cm, ulexite is the source with the lowest soluble B content. The behaviors of the more soluble sources, in this case boric acid and H2 Boro (H2 Agrosciences - Monoethanolamine borate), regardless of the dose, are very similar, being highly leachable in the profile of the Oxisol used. Soils with clayey texture and higher values of H+Al and CEC were able to retain higher B contents in the upper portion their profiles (layers from 0 to 10 cm and 11 to 20 cm), but soils with sandy texture and higher values of sum of bases showed greater B losses by leaching.
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Mustaqimah, Devianti, AA Munawar, Ferijal und Sufardi. „Chemical Characteristics of Dryland Soils from Aceh Besar Regency As A Fertilizer Design Reference“. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1116, Nr. 1 (01.12.2022): 012057. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1116/1/012057.
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Abstract Although the potential for dry agricultural land in Aceh Besar Regency is very wide, but the development of existing food crops is still low. There is a few information about the quality of soil chemical content in dry agricultural land effect to the development of crop productions. This study aims to provide information on the characteristics of soil chemical elements, Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium on agricultural lands in Aceh Besar regency in the form of a map. This study was conducted using the analysis of variant tests method and spatial analysis. It covered some types of data, namely: Aceh Besar maps, administration data, soil type, topography and land use map that have been collected into a mapping of land use unit. The first stage in this study was collection of soil samples at predetermined location points with a depth of 0 to 30 cm and 30 to 60 cm. After the soil samples were obtained, analysis of Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium elements in the soil chemical laboratory was carried out. The classification and factors found in soil chemistry analysis affected the content of Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium in the soil. Analysis of variant tests showed that the type of soil did not have any influence on the content of Phosphorus and Potassium elements. While the sampling depth of 0 to 30 cm masked the impact on Nitrogen elements. On the other hand, land use only affected Phosphorus elements. Soil’s chemicals content had different levels. In this case, the value of Nitrogen content spread across 12 sampling points locations. as much as 91% of the available Nitrogen content is very low, while 50% of the available Phosphorous content is very low, then 8.3% of the available Potassium content were very low, and 25% of the available Potassium content were low. The mapping of soil chemical elements classification can provide information on the content of soil chemistry Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium available in Aceh Besar Regency.
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Rodríguez-Berbel, Natalia, Rocío Soria, Ana B. Villafuerte, Raúl Ortega und Isabel Miralles. „Short-Term Dynamics of Bacterial Community Structure in Restored Abandoned Agricultural Soils under Semi-Arid Conditions“. Agronomy 13, Nr. 1 (27.12.2022): 86. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13010086.
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The restoration of unproductive abandoned agricultural soils under a semi-arid climate in southeastern Spain was evaluated. Four organic amendments from different composted wastes (greenhouse crop residues; worm compost from sheep–cow manure and plant remains; chicken manure; and sheep–chicken manure and plant remain) were applied, untreated control plots were installed, and natural unexploited soils were selected as a reference ecosystem. Through three sampling campaigns (initial, 3 months, and 12 months), significant changes were observed in soil physico-chemical properties, nutrient content (carbon -C-, nitrogen -N-, and phosphorus -P-), and bacterial composition of the restored soils with respect to control and natural soil, especially at 3 months. The increase of labile nutrients caused the proliferation of copiotrophic phyla at 3 months, which, after their consumption, were replaced by oligotrophic phyla at 12 months. Specific taxa involved in C, N, and P cycles were identified for each soil. For the soil bacterial composition of vermicompost, only chicken and sheep–chicken manures were more dissimilar to control and natural soils after 12 months, while greenhouse crop compost showed an intermediate position between them. Results indicated that composted greenhouse crop remains could be an optimal treatment for the short-term recovery of physico-chemical properties, nutrient content, and bacterial composition of agriculture-degraded soils in semi-arid areas.
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Elchininova, O. A., O. V. Kuznetsova, A. N. Soyonova und G. V. Chichinova. „Physical-chemical and water-physical properties of agricultural soils on inter-mountain hollows of Mountain Altai“. Plant Biology and Horticulture: theory, innovation, Nr. 150 (30.09.2019): 137–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.36305/2019-1-150-137-146.
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The purpose of the research is the study the basic physical,chemical and water-physical properties of soils of high and medium mountain basins of the Altai mountains under different types of agricultural use (arable land, hayfields, pasture). The main features of chestnut and light chestnut soils of high-mountain basins, dark chestnut soils and common chernozem of mid-mountain basins are established. These are a light granulometric composition with a high content of coarse soil, a sharp decrease of humus content and cation exchange capacity down the profile, slightly alkaline reaction of medium, and perfect structural state, except for the lower horizons of light chestnut soil. By density of the humus horizon, the soils of hayland and pasture belong to the soils rich in organic matter. Considerable density is noted also in the chernozem ordinary under an arable land where for many decades usual dump plowing is applied, minimum - in the dark-chestnut soil under an arable land where in recent years processing is carried out by a diskator which basic purpose - preparation of the soil for crops without preliminary plowing. The density of arable horizon on arable land correspond to typical values for a cultivated or a new-ploughed arable land. With the depth of the soil profile, this ratio increases, but it is lower than typical values for the subsurface horizons. The density of the solid phase varies slightly. In the upper organogenic horizons of the hayland and pasture, it is low due to the occurrence of organic matter. In the lower horizons, it is slightly higher and corresponds to the density of the solid phase for mineral soils. The porosity of the studied soils is in inverse proportion to density. The porosity of the upper horizons is perfect, and the horizons correspond to the cultural-arable layer. The porosity of the lower horizons is satisfactory. The hygroscopic moisture content of the soils under study varies in the wide range (0,7-9,9%). The maximum hygroscopicity in the sandy loam horizons is low (2-4%) and it is higher in loamy horizons (4-7%). The permanent wilting point ranges from 2,7 to 11,7%, and total water capacity - from 25,9 to 50,4%. Comparison of physical-chemical and water-physical properties of the studied soils of intermountain basins of the Altai Mountains with those of the same type of soils of the Altai territory and adjacent regions of Western Siberia indicates their proximity and even some advantage.
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Dmitrievtseva, N., O. Veremchuk, S. Pilipaka und O. Hryshchenko. „Characteristics of humus content on different soil types of Zdolbuniv district of Rivne Region“. Agroecological journal, Nr. 2 (14.09.2022): 139–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.33730/2077-4893.2.2022.263329.
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The dynamics of changes in the humus state of the soils of Zdolbuniv district during the V–XI rounds of agrochemical survey were analyzed. The state of biologization of agriculture, in particular the plowing of siderates, the introduction of straw and manure and the use of peat over the last 8 years in the studied area, is highlighted. Mandatory biologization of agriculture, taking into account the biological features of each crop, in particular, plant needs for nutrients, indicators of potential and effective soil fertility, its physical and chemical properties, assortment and chemistry of fertilizers, climatic conditions in a zonal section — comprehensive implementation of these measures will contribute to a significant increase soil fertility of the district’s agricultural lands, in particular improving its humus condition. Since an important reason for the lack of accumulation of humus reserves in the studied soils is the unsatisfactory state of biologicalization of agriculture in the area. Conclusions and suggestions on improving the humus condition of the soils of the studied area have been prepared. It is established that according to the results of agrochemical studies of agricultural lands of Zdolbuniv district of Rivne region for the XI round of agrochemical certification of agricultural lands, the weighted average humus content is 2.6% and corresponds to the average content. It was found that the studied soils of the district are characterized by very low and low (less than 2.1%) — 0.86 thousand hectares (10.0%), medium (from 2.1 to 3.0%) — 6.14 thousand hectare (71.7%), elevated (from 3.1 to 4.0%) — 1.5 thousand hectare (17.5%), high and very high (> 4%) — 0.06 thousand hectare (0.7%) humus content. In terms of the main types of soils, the highest humus content in meadow soils, meadow and chernozem soils, chernozem and meadow soils with content of 3.3% and on chernozems typical and chernozems strongly degraded of different degrees of erosion with an average humus content of 2.8%. It should be noted that the dynamics of humus content in the soils of Zdolbuniv district of Rivne region for the last 10 years of research shows the process of its stabilization and increase from 2.2% in 2007 to 2.6% in 2017. Comparing only the area of land plots, which were surveyed in three rounds — 2007, 2012 and 2017, the humus content is 2.5; 2.5 and 2.6%, respectively, which confirms the stabilization of the humus content over the past ten years of agrochemical research. An important reason for the lack of accumulation of humus reserves in the studied soils is the unsatisfactory state of biologization of agriculture in the area.
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Dolgopolova, N. V., E. A. Batrachenko und E. V. Malysheva. „Content of individual micro- and macroelements in different types of soils of the Central Black Soil region“. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 954, Nr. 1 (01.01.2022): 012023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/954/1/012023.
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Abstract The purpose of fundamental research in agricultural ecology is to solve complex problem of the establishment of patterns of mass transfer in agricultural systems and regulation of these processes in agricultural soil use. The chemical composition of soil is the result of soil-forming processes. The characteristics of the soil-forming material play decisive role. The investigation of the content of macro- and microelements in soils of different types has been quite relevant in recent decades due to their large physiological role in the life of plants and animals and the active transformation of soils during agricultural use. Fertilization is a process of certain soil cultivation and includes a set of measures aimed at the regulation of macro- and microelements, the lack of which can be determined by zonal conditions of soil formation or soil degradation, as a result of irrational agricultural nature management. The paper presents the results of a study of the content of individual macro- and microelements in some types of soils of the Central Black Soil regions. The studies of the aspects of the impact of fertilization existing in the scientific literature are controversial. The consideration of ecologically and economically justified levels of changes in soil properties during cultivation is necessary to control negative transformations of chemical elements in soil and their accumulation in depositing media. A quantitative assessment of the total content of water-soluble salts, their qualitative composition and dynamics under the influence of agrotechnical factors, the study of their spatial differentiation in soil cover allows optimizing the use of fertilizers and increasing the stability of agropedocenoses.
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Gerzabek, M. H., F. Strebl, M. Tulipan und S. Schwarz. „Quantification of organic carbon pools for Austria’s agricultural soils using a soil information system“. Canadian Journal of Soil Science 85, Special Issue (01.09.2005): 491–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/s04-083.
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Within the framework of the project “Austrian Carbon Balance Model”, we estimated soil organic carbon (OC) content for the agricultural land of Austria. The basic chemical and physical data were obtained from the national electronic soil information system BORIS (Boden Rechnergestütztes Informtions System). The latter data were obtained through soil surveys performed over the past 10 yr. The BORIS data were corrected for soil gravel content, bulk densities and differences in chemical analytical methods used for soil OC. Our estimation also showed the following ranking for soil OC content (0–50 cm) under different land use systems: vineyards (57.6 t C ha-1) ~ cropland (59.5 t C ha-1) < orchards/gardenland (78 t C ha-1) ~ intensive grassland (81 t C ha-1) < extensive grassland (119 t C ha-1). Although the main portion of soil carbon is stored in topsoils (0–20 cm) in all land-use classes, deeper soil layers (20–50 cm) contribute significantly to the overall inventory (between 18. 2 and 27.2 t C ha-1), but appear to be less influenced by land use. A total OC storage in Austria’s agricultural soils of 284 Mt was estimated. A west-east gradient of OC storage in agricultural soils of different Federal Provinces was observed. Under Austrian conditions, extensively used grassland plays an important role for OC-storage. Wide C:N ratios in these soils suggest accumulation of poorly humified organic material and slow OC turnover. Key words: Carbon sequestration, soil organic matter, soil humus, soil nitrogen content, C:N ratio
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Razanov, S., V. Melnyk, B. Nazaruk und M. Kutsenko. „Assessment of agro-ecological composition of gray forest soils under the different agricultural use“. Balanced nature using, Nr. 1 (30.07.2021): 146–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.33730/2310-4678.1.2021.231901.
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The article presents the results of the agroecological composition of soils for different agricultural uses. Under modern conditions of increasing intensification of agricultural production, the agroecological condition of soils is deteriorating, which increases the risk of obtaining low–quality products. Along with this, there are various problems, such as loss of soil fertility, increased erosion, groundwater pollution and environmental pollution in general. Therefore, there is a need for constant monitoring of agroecological indicators of the soil in the conditions of intensive agriculture and horticulture. The great importance is the problem of finding reserves to increase soil fertility and improve their agroecological condition. Therefore, regular testing of soil nutrients and factors that have a major impact on their availability are extremely important to achieve sustainable levels of crop and fruit production. The main purpose of the research was to study and analyze agricultural lands: arable land and perennial plantations and the main agrochemical indicators of the soil of the central part of Vinnytsia region during intensive agriculture and horticulture. The object of research is the soils of agricultural lands used under intensive horticulture and crop production. The subject of research is the agroecological indicators of soil. The research was carried out in the farm of Agro–Etalon LLC in the village of Vasylivka, Tyvriv district. The soils of agricultural lands used under orchards (apple orchard) and agricultural crops (wheat after sunflower predecessor) were studied for comparison. According to the results of soil analysis, it was found that the highest difference in the studied indicators was found in the exchangeable potassium (К2О), mobile phosphorus (Р2О5), which was observed more in the soils involved in horticulture compared to the soils of field crop rotations. Farm soils with different agricultural uses were characterized by lower humus content. The highest difference in the concentration of chemical metals was found for molybdenum (Mo) and cadmium (Cd), which were more in the soils used in horticulture.
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Gałązka, Anna, Jacek Niedźwiecki, Jarosław Grządziel und Karolina Gawryjołek. „Evaluation of Changes in Glomalin-Related Soil Proteins (GRSP) Content, Microbial Diversity and Physical Properties Depending on the Type of Soil as the Important Biotic Determinants of Soil Quality“. Agronomy 10, Nr. 9 (29.08.2020): 1279. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10091279.
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The aim of the study was to evaluate the changes in glomalin-related soil proteins (GRSP) content, microbial diversity and soil physical quality depending on the type of soil measures of soil improvement and changes in soil health. The study was based on a 100-year stationary field microplot experiment where the soil profiles were collected with preserving the natural soil horizons. The microplot experiment was carried out on eight different soil types: Brunic Arenosol (Dystric I), Rendzic Leptosol, Fluvic Cambisol, Haplic Cambisol (Eutric), Gleyic Phaeozem, Brunic Arenosol (Dystric II), Haplic Cambisol (Eutric II) and Haplic Cambisol (Dystric). These soils are the most common types of agricultural soils in Poland. Relatively significant correlations with the soil quality, physical parameters and the glomalin-related soil proteins have been found. The study determined the total GRSP (T-GRSP) and easily extractable GRSP (EE-GRSP) levels in soils as well as the soil physical quality index and soil’s microbial biodiversity. The GRSP depended on the type of soil and correlated with S-Index and also was responsible for the unique chemical and physical properties of soils. Soils characterized by the highest T-GRSP content belonged to the group of very good and good soil physical quality characterized also by high biological activity, for which there were strong correlations with such parameters as dehydrogenase activity (DHA), microbial biomass content (MBC), microbial nitrogen content (MBN) and total bacteria number (B). The highest T-GRSP content and higher microbial diversity were found in Gleyic Phaeozem, Rendzic Leptosol and Fluvic Cambisol. The T-GRSP and EE-GRSP content were additionally correlated with the number of AMF spores. Very poor and poor soil physical quality according to S-Index characterized Brunic Arenosol (Dystric I) and Haplic Cambisol (Dystric). This research indicates that a specific edaphone of soil microorganisms and GRSP content may be of great importance when assessing a soil’s quality and improvements in soil health. The abundance of glomalin-producing fungi significantly affects the quality of the soil. This effect is particularly important for agricultural soils are threatened by ongoing land degradation.
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Watkar, Amita M. „Physico-Chemical Properties of Soil Collected from Chandrabhaga River in Kalmeshwar, Nagpur, Maharashtra“. Journal of Advanced Research in Alternative Energy, Environment and Ecology 07, Nr. 02 (19.06.2020): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.24321/2455.3093.202006.
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Soil, itself means Soul of Infinite Life. Soil is the naturally occurring unconsolidated or loose covering on the earth’s surface. Physical properties depend upon the amount, size, shape, arrangement, and mineral composition of soil particles. It also depends on the organic matter content and pore spaces. Chemical properties depend on the Inorganic and organic matter present in the soil. Soils are the essential components of the environment and foundation resources for nearly all types of land use, besides being the most important component of sustainable agriculture. Therefore, assessment of soil quality and its direction of change with time is an ideal and primary indicator of sustainable agricultural land management. Soil quality indicators refer to measurable soil attributes that influence the capacity of a soil to function, within the limits imposed by the ecosystem, to preserve biological productivity and environmental quality and promote plant, animal and human health. The present study is to assess these soil attributes such as physical and chemical properties season-wise.
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Péterfalvi, Nóra, Boglárka Keller und Marianna Magyar. „PM10 emission from crop production and agricultural soils“. Agrokémia és Talajtan 67, Nr. 1 (Juni 2018): 143–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/0088.2018.67.1.10.
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The emission of particulate matter from agricultural sources is a worldwide environmental issue due to health concerns. The main factors influencing PM10 emission from crop production are the origin of particles, the physical and chemical properties of soils, meteorological conditions, and the mechanical impacts of farm operations. Several studies have been made to determine PM10 emission factors for tillage operations, but these emission factors varied depending on soil properties, especially soil texture and water content, and environmental conditions (e.g. relative humidity, and variability in wind speed and direction). This is why the use of a single emission factor for a given tillage operation is inadequate. To estimate the yearly amount of PM10 emitted from agricultural soils and crop production, emissions originating from different sources at different temporal division must be summarized. Because 56 % of the total territory of Hungary is cropland, relatively high PM10 emission occurs from crop production and agricultural soils. If this is to be reduced, research should focus on the identification of soil and environmental properties related to PM10 emission on characteristic Hungarian soils.
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Devianti, Devianti, Zulfahrizal Zulfahrizal, Sufardi Sufardi und Agus Arip Munawar. „Fast And Simultaneous Prediction Of Agricultural Soil Nutrients Content Using Infrared Spectroscopy“. Rona Teknik Pertanian 12, Nr. 1 (01.04.2019): 61–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.17969/rtp.v12i1.11656.
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Abstract. The functions soil depends on the balances of its structure, nutrients composition as well as other chemical and physical properties. Conventional methods, used to determine nutrients content on agricultural soil were time consuming, complicated sample processing and destructive in nature. Near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) has become one of the most promising and used non-destructive methods of analysis in many field areas including in soil science. The main aim of this present study is to apply NIRS in predicting nutrients content of soils in form of total nitrogen (N). Transmittance spectra data were obtained from a total of 18 soil samples from 8 different sites followed by N measurement using standard laboratory method. Principal component regression (PCR) with full cross validation were used to develop and validate N prediction models. The results showed that N content can be predicted very well even with raw spectra data with coefficient correlation (r) and residual predictive deviation index (RPD) were 0.95 and 3.35 respectively. Furthermore, spectra correction clearly enhances and improve prediction accuracy with r = 0.96 and RPD = 3.51. It may conclude that NIRS can be used as fast and simultaneous method in determining nutrient content of agricultural soils.
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Geraskin, Mikhail Mikhailovich, Zhanna Nikolaevna Bakanova, Vasily Ivanovich Kargin, Natalia Nikolaevna Ivanova und Nikolay Nikolaevich Neyaskin. „Accounting of heavy metals in agricultural land use“. BIO Web of Conferences 52 (2022): 00029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20225200029.
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People use many chemicals in their economic activities, which leads to the fact that they become involved in a cycle of anthropogenic transformations of the environment. It was proved that microelements and heavy metals are the most toxic among pollutants. Microelements in the arable layer of the soil depend on the type of soils, their location and content in soil-forming rocks. The studies revealed that the content of heavy metals in the soil in all cases is lower than the APC (MPC). The products obtained in the test areas are safe in relation to the content of heavy metals. Adaptive landscape farming systems can serve as an additional and significant step in optimizing the environmental situation when the soils are contaminated with heavy metals.
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Almeida, Waldiane Araújo de, Sebastião Elviro de Araújo Neto, Thays Lemos Uchôa, Luís Gustavo de Souza e. Souza, Nilciléia Mendes Da Silva, Regina Lúcia Felix Ferreira und Denis Borges Tomio. „Chemical soil and leaf properties in yellow passion fruit cultivation with organic fertilization“. Comunicata Scientiae 11 (03.06.2020): e3342. http://dx.doi.org/10.14295/cs.v11i0.3342.
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The yellow passion fruit presents a high nutritional demand, and successive cultivations in the same area lead the soil to nutritional exhaustion, creating the need for restitution through fertilizers. In the context of organic managements, alternatives must be sought, which, besides improving soil fertility, can increase the contents of soil organic matter. Therefore, this work aimed to evaluate the effect of organic basal fertilization in passion fruit cultivation on the chemical properties of the soil and nutrient contents of the plant. Two experiments were performed in two rural properties, with soils presenting sandy-loam and clay-loam texture. The experimental design was in randomized blocks (RBD), with 5 treatments and 4 blocks. The treatments consisted of the application of organic compost in different planting hole diameters: 0.4 m; 0.8 m; 1.2 m; 1.6 m, and 2.0 m, and their respective volumes of organic compost: 0.0007 m³; 0.03 m³; 0.06 m³, 0.10 m³; 0.16 m³. The chemical characteristics of the soil and the foliar content of nutrients were evaluated. Soil texture interferes with the effects of organic fertilization. Regardless of the texture, fertilization increases the contents of organic matter and P in the soil. The successive organic cultivation in a sandy-loam soil increases the content of P and provides higher foliar contents of N, P, Ca, Mg, S, B, Cu, Fe, Zn, and Na.
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Soldatova, Evgeniya, Yihui Dong, Jiale Li und Zhanxue Sun. „Nitrogen behavior in the shallow groundwater–soil system within agricultural landscapes“. E3S Web of Conferences 98 (2019): 01046. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20199801046.
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The research is devoted to the analysis of the changes in the chemical composition of shallow groundwater within the agricultural landscapes of the Poyang Lake area taking into account the peculiarities of soil composition. The analysis is based on field data collected during 2011–2017 by the sampling of the shallow groundwater from the private and public wells and adjoining soils. Correlations between the content of the N-compounds and the Eh values in autumn as well as a relationship of the NH4+ concentration with the DOC content reflect the processes of the organic matter transformation in the aquifer. Correlations between the N content in the upper soil horizon and the concentrations of the N-compounds in the shallow groundwater indicate a strong connection of the origin of the groundwater chemical composition with the soil composition.
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Matoso, Stella Cristiani Gonçalves, Paulo Guilherme Salvador Wadt, Valdomiro Severino de Souza Júnior, Xosé Lois Otero Pérez und Fábio Plotegher. „Variation in the properties of biochars produced by mixing agricultural residues and mineral soils for agricultural application“. Waste Management & Research: The Journal for a Sustainable Circular Economy 38, Nr. 9 (27.06.2020): 978–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734242x20935180.
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The research and application of biochars enriched with minerals have increased in recent years; however, the mineral fraction used consists of specific minerals, such as clay minerals and synthesized compounds. In this work, the effects of adding two specific soil types (sandy and clayey) to rice and coffee husks in order to generate biochars via pyrolysis was investigated. Chemical, physical–chemical, thermal, spectroscopic and crystallographic analyses were conducted on the produced biochars. The study confirmed that the presence of mineral soils during the pyrolysis process increases the yield, C retention ratio, and specific surface area. It also decreases the pH, cation exchange capacity (CEC), nutrient content, and carbon-to-nitrogen ratio of biochars. However, the biochars produced by mixing coffee husks and mineral soils still demonstrate a capacity to increase the pH and the CEC of tropical soils. In addition, increased C retention demonstrates an environmental benefit of this biochar production method. Biomass pyrolysis combined with clayey soil results in a biochar with a higher degree of aromaticity and higher thermal stability when compared to biomass pyrolysis alone. These characteristics give the biochar a recalcitrant character, without the necessity for steps related to the synthesis of specific mineral compounds, which reduces the economic and energy cost of the process.
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Dudhaiya, Aashvi, Fatima Haque, Hugo Fantucci und Rafael M. Santos. „Characterization of Physically Fractionated Wollastonite-Amended Agricultural Soils“. Minerals 9, Nr. 10 (16.10.2019): 635. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min9100635.
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Wollastonite is a natural silicate mineral that can be used as an agricultural soil amendment. Once in the soil, this mineral undergoes weathering and carbonation reactions, and, under certain soil and field crop conditions, our previous work has shown that this practice leads to accumulation of inorganic carbon (calcium carbonate). Mineral carbonation is the carbon sequestration approach with the greatest potential for sequestration capacity and permanency. Agricultural lands offer vast areas onto which such minerals can be applied, while benefiting crops. This work illustrates a technique to separate wollastonite-containing soils into different fractions. These fractions are characterized separately to determine organic and inorganic content, as well as to determine the chemical and mineral composition. The aim is to detect the fate of wollastonite in agricultural soils, and the fate of weathering/carbonation products in the soil. The soils used in the study were collected from soybean and potato farmlands in Southern Ontario, and from an experimental pilot plot. Soil fractionation was done using sieving, and soil fractions were analyzed by a calcimeter, X-ray diffraction, and loss-on-ignition. Acid digested samples were measured by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry. Carbonates and wollastonite were enriched by fractionation.
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Tahmoures, Mohammad, Afshin Honarbakhsh, Sayed Fakhreddin Afzali, Mostafa Abotaleb, Ben Ingram und Yaser Ostovari. „Fractal Features of Soil Particles as an Indicator of Land Degradation under Different Types of Land Use at the Watershed Scale in Southern Iran“. Land 11, Nr. 11 (20.11.2022): 2093. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land11112093.
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Soil particle-size distribution (PSD) is an important soil feature that is associated with soil erosion, soil fertility, and soil physical and chemical properties. However, very few studies have been carried out to investigate soil degradation using the fractal dimension (D) of the PSD of soils from different land-use types in the calcareous soil of Iran. For this study, 120 soil samples (0–20 cm) were collected from different land-use types in the Fars Province, and various basic soil properties such as soil organic matter (SOM), soil texture fractions, calcium carbonate (CaCO3), pH, and cation-exchange capacity (CEC) were measured. The PSD of the soil samples was determined using the international classification system for soil size fraction, and the D of the PSD was calculated for all soils. The results of this study show that D is significantly correlated with clay content (r = 0.93) followed by sand content (r = −0.54) and CEC (r = 0.51). The mean D values of the forest areas (D = 2.931), with a SOM content of 2.1%, are significantly higher than those of the agricultural land (D = 2.905 and SOM = 1.6%) and pastures (D = 2.910 and SOM = 1.6%), indicating that fine soil particles, particularly clay, have been preserved in forest soils but lost in agricultural and pasture soils. We conclude that agricultural land has experienced significantly higher levels of soil erosion than forest areas.
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Tonkha, O., O. Bukova, O. Pikovska, I. Fedosiy, O. Menshov und A. Shepel. „SILICON CONTENT, PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF SOILS OF THE KHMELNYTSKY REGION OF UKRAINE“. Visnyk of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Geology, Nr. 3 (90) (2020): 85–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/1728-2713.90.12.
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Silicon plays the significant role in the growth and development of plants, their resistance to stress conditions. However, there is limited research on the content of various forms of silicon in soils, the relationship with soil cations, which is particularly relevant in the context of intensive agriculture and climate aridization in Ukraine. The purpose of the present study was to determine the content of silicon compounds of different mobility in the arable soils of the Khmelnytsky region, the spatial variation of these parameters, and to detect the dependence between the content of silicon compounds and soil particle size. The study was performed at the area of LLC "Lotivka Elit" of Shepetivka district of Khmelnitsky region in field crop rotation. We determined for soil samples: particle size distribution and content of fractions of granulometric elements of different sizes, pH of salt extraction (1,0 M KCl solution), humus content, calcium and magnesium exchangeable compounds by extraction with 1,0 M KCl solution. The results showed that the content of silicon compounds in soils depends on the particle size distribution of soil, the value of exchangeable acidity, humus content, and the composition of exchangeable cations.
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Clough, A., und J. O. Skjemstad. „Physical and chemical protection of soil organic carbon in three agricultural soils with different contents of calcium carbonate“. Soil Research 38, Nr. 5 (2000): 1005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr99102.
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The amount of organic carbon physically protected by entrapment within aggregates and through polyvalent cation–organic matter bridging was determined on non-calcareous and calcareous soils. The composition of organic carbon in whole soils and <53 m soil fractions was determined by 13C NMR analysis. High energy photo-oxidation was carried out on <53 m fractions and results from the NMR spectra showed 17–40% of organic carbon was in a condensed aromatic form, most likely charcoal (char). The concept that organic material remaining after photo-oxidation may be physically protected within aggregates was investigated by treating soils with a mild acid prior to photo-oxidation. More organic material was protected in the calcareous than the non-calcareous soils, regardless of whether the calcium occurred naturally or was an amendment. Acid treatment indicated that the presence of exchangeable calcium reduced losses of organic material upon photo-oxidation by about 7% due to calcium bridging. These results have implications for N fertiliser recommendations based upon organic carbon content. Firstly, calcium does not impact upon degradability of organic material to an extent likely to affect N fertiliser recommendations. Secondly, standard assessment techniques overestimate active organic carbon content in soils with high char content.
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Neagu, Anisoara-Arleziana, Alina Soceanu und Semaghiul Birghila. „Analysis of Soils Parameters in Correlation with Vegetation Period“. Revista de Chimie 71, Nr. 9 (05.09.2020): 210–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.37358/rc.20.9.8331.
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Soil is a complex ecosystem whose functionality is related to the links that exist between chemical, physical, biological parameters and microbial communities. Our purpose was to carry out an analysis of variance of chemical properties of the soil in relation to the vegetation period. The analysis of the soil gives us knowledge about the fertility status of the soil, which is closely related to the nutritional status of plants. The analysis involved urban soil, agricultural soil and greenhouse soil from Dobrogea area. Soil samples come from the urban area: Constanta, agricultural area: Ciocarlia de Sus and greenhouse:Cumpana. To estimate the seasonal changes in the soil, three periods were studied: before vegetation (sowing), after the vegetation period (harvesting), relative rest period (winter). The chemical parameters evaluated were: soil reaction pH (acidity degree), conductivity - as an indicator of the nutrients available in the soil (soluble salts), ion exchange capacity (cations and anions), organic matter (humus), nitrogen content (total nitrogen and nitrites), the amount of extractable iron. The pH values were in the range corresponding to the weak acid-neutral soil for all three types of sample soils, with slight variations from one period to another while the recorded conductivity values indicate that the analyzed soils belong to the category of non-saline soils. The analyzed soil samples presented low concentrations of nitrites and the assimilable iron content was in the range 48.81 - 259.12 ppm.
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Vittori Antisari, Livia, Maria Speranza, Chiara Ferronato, Mauro De Feudis, Gilmo Vianello und Gloria Falsone. „Assessment of Water Quality and Soil Salinity in the Agricultural Coastal Plain (Ravenna, North Italy)“. Minerals 10, Nr. 4 (20.04.2020): 369. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min10040369.
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To improve knowledge on salt leaching suitability on different soils, in Arenosols and Cambisols croplands in the coastal area of Ravenna (Italy), soil samples were collected in the non-irrigation winter period and irrigation summer period. Concurrently, waters of the canal network were also investigated. Soil samples were analyzed for pH, carbonate, total organic carbon (TOC), particle size distribution, electrical conductivity (EC), bulk density (BD) and water content at field capacity (FC). Water samples were investigated for pH, EC, biological and chemical oxygen demand, sodium adsorption ratio, phosphorus, nitrogen, sulfates and chlorides. All soils had low TOC concentrations and Arenosols showed the lowest clay content, BD and FC. Soils had similar EC values in winter, but in summer the lowest ones were observed in Arenosols, suggesting that irrigation mitigated salinization in Arenosols, while the high clay content, BD and FC prevented or limited the salt leaching in Cambisols. In summer, the increase of total nitrogen and biological oxygen demand, especially in drainage channels, might suggest the leaching of soluble nutrients and organic matter from soils due to the high irrigation water volumes. Finally, our findings stress the need to consider soil type and properties to contrast soil salinization without negative effects on soil C leaching caused by salt leaching practice.
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Ende, J. van den. „Estimating the chemical composition of the soil solution of glasshouse soil. 2. Relationships between the compositions of soil solution and aqueous extracts.“ Netherlands Journal of Agricultural Science 37, Nr. 4 (01.12.1989): 323–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.18174/njas.v37i4.16617.
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The possibilities of estimating ECs and K, Na, Ca, Mg, NO3, Cl and SO4 contents of press extracts of glasshouse soils from corresponding analytical data of saturation extracts or 1:5 by-weight extracts were examined through construction of regression equations. The analytical data of saturation and 1:5 by-weight extracts were and were not corrected by multiplication with dilution factors, these being the ratios between the water contents of the soils employed to obtain the extracts and the water contents of the soils at field capacity. The dilution factors used were not derived from actual water contents but from water contents assessed on the basis of loss-on-ignition values. In a number of cases, the estimation technique could be improved through introduction of one or two extra variables, such as the dilution factor, the corrected SO4 content of the extract, the water content of the field-moist soil and the ratio between the mass fractions clay and loss-on-ignition. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)
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Lapa, V. V., A. V. Pilipuk, G. V. Gusakov und Ja N. Brechko. „National system of soil fertility management of the Republic of Belarus: current state and development prospects. Vestsі Natsyyanal’nay akademіі navuk Belarusі“. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus. Agrarian Series 59, Nr. 3 (05.08.2021): 292–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.29235/1817-7204-2021-59-3-292-303.
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The paper presents a comprehensive study on development of soil fertility management system in the Republic of Belarus. The history of development, as well as the modern scheme of functioning of services for agro-chemical and radiological examination of soils of agricultural lands has been studied in detail, including the sources of their financing, services provided, the list of provided consolidated analytical materials as a result, etc. Special attention is paid to the republican databank of agro-chemical and radiation indicators of agricultural soil, which, through automated information system, is considered an information basis for modeling soil fertility in order to develop recommendations for using mineral fertilizers in individual fields and working plots, farms, districts, regions calculated under requirements for agricultural crops. The authors concluded that the data bank of agro-chemical and radiological properties of soils of agri-cultural lands of the Republic of Belarus, as well as the analytical information system functioning on its basis, were of high practical value and of an applied nature for the country’s economy. However, in the modern world, digital solutions, on the basis of which the data bank functions, are worn out morally. Studies indicate that the technical requirements for functioning and use of electronic databank of agro-chemical and radiological monitoring of soils of agricultural lands in the Republic of Belarus should be formalized in the form of regulations (or rules) and enshrined in the national regulatory framework. In addition, it is necessary to develop a scheme for information content of the databank by optimizing organizational interaction of agro-chemical services of the Republic of Belarus. It is feasible to give access to a huge array of analytical information in the form of geographic information system, which will make it possible to maintain electronic register of agricultural land soils, as well as electronic certification of fields and elementary plots. Implementation of a number of measures to develop the soil fertility management system in the Republic of Belarus may lead to increase in demand for work related to agro-chemical services for agriculture by 50-60 % by 2030.
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Hilman, Yusdar, Anuar Abdul Rahim, Mohamed Hanafi Musa und Azizah Hashim. „PRINCIPAL COMPONENT ANALYSIS OF FACTORS DETERMINING PHOSPHATE ROCK DISSOLUTION ON ACID SOILS“. Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science 8, Nr. 1 (25.10.2016): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.21082/ijas.v8n1.2007.10-16.
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Many of the agricultural soils in Indonesia are acidic and low in both total and available phosphorus which severely limits their potential for crops production. These problems can be corrected by application of chemical fertilizers. However, these fertilizers are expensive, and cheaper alternatives such as phosphate rock (PR) have been considered. Several soil factors may influence the dissolution of PR in soils, including both chemical and physical properties. The study aimed to identify PR dissolution factors and evaluate their relative magnitude. The experiment was conducted in Soil Chemical Laboratory, Universiti Putra Malaysia and Indonesian Center for Agricultural Land Resources Research and Development from January to April 2002. The principal component analysis (PCA) was used to characterize acid soils in an incubation system into a number of factors that may affect PR dissolution. Three major factors selected were soil texture, soil acidity, and fertilization. Using the scores of individual factors as independent variables, stepwise regression analysis was performed to derive a PR dissolution function. The factors influencing PR dissolution in order of importance were soil texture, soil acidity, then fertilization. Soil texture factors including clay content and organic C, and soil acidity factor such as P retention capacity interacted positively with P dissolution and promoted PR dissolution effectively. Soil texture factors, such as sand and silt content, soil acidity factors such as pH, and exchangeable Ca decreased PR dissolution.
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Hilman, Yusdar, Anuar Abdul Rahim, Mohamed Hanafi Musa und Azizah Hashim. „PRINCIPAL COMPONENT ANALYSIS OF FACTORS DETERMINING PHOSPHATE ROCK DISSOLUTION ON ACID SOILS“. Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science 8, Nr. 1 (25.10.2016): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.21082/ijas.v8n1.2007.p10-16.
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Many of the agricultural soils in Indonesia are acidic and low in both total and available phosphorus which severely limits their potential for crops production. These problems can be corrected by application of chemical fertilizers. However, these fertilizers are expensive, and cheaper alternatives such as phosphate rock (PR) have been considered. Several soil factors may influence the dissolution of PR in soils, including both chemical and physical properties. The study aimed to identify PR dissolution factors and evaluate their relative magnitude. The experiment was conducted in Soil Chemical Laboratory, Universiti Putra Malaysia and Indonesian Center for Agricultural Land Resources Research and Development from January to April 2002. The principal component analysis (PCA) was used to characterize acid soils in an incubation system into a number of factors that may affect PR dissolution. Three major factors selected were soil texture, soil acidity, and fertilization. Using the scores of individual factors as independent variables, stepwise regression analysis was performed to derive a PR dissolution function. The factors influencing PR dissolution in order of importance were soil texture, soil acidity, then fertilization. Soil texture factors including clay content and organic C, and soil acidity factor such as P retention capacity interacted positively with P dissolution and promoted PR dissolution effectively. Soil texture factors, such as sand and silt content, soil acidity factors such as pH, and exchangeable Ca decreased PR dissolution.
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Jacomino, Vanusa Maria Feliciano, Kerley Alberto Pereira de Oliveira, Maria Helena Tirollo Taddei, Maria Célia Siqueira, Maria Eleonora Deschamps Pires Carneiro, Marcos Roberto Lopes Nascimento, David Faria da Silva und Jaime Wilson Vargas de Mello. „Radionuclides and heavy metal contents in phosphogypsum samples in comparison to cerrado soils“. Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo 33, Nr. 5 (Oktober 2009): 1481–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-06832009000500038.
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Phosphogysum (PG) or agricultural gypsum, a solid waste from the phosphate fertilizer industry, is used as soil amendment, especially on soils in the Cerrado region, in Brazil. This material may however contain natural radionuclides and metals which can be transferred to soils, plants and water sources. This paper presents and discusses the results of physical and chemical analyses that characterized samples of PG and compares them to the results found in two typical soils of the Cerrado, a clayey and sandy one. These analyses included: solid waste classification, evaluation of organic matter content and of P, K, Ca, Mg, and Al concentrations and of the mineralogical composition. Natural radionuclides and metal concentrations in PG and soil samples were also measured. Phosphogypsum was classified as Class II A - Not Dangerous, Not Inert, Not Corrosive and Not Reactive. The organic matter content in the soil samples was low and potential acidity high. In the mean, the specific 226Ra activity in the phosphogypsum samples (252 Bq kg-1) was below the maximum level recommended by USEPA, which is 370 Bq kg-1 for agricultural use. In addition, this study verified that natural radionuclides and metals concentrations in PG were lower than in the clayey Oxisol of Sete Lagoas, Minas Gerais, Brazil. These results indicated that the application of phosphogypsum as soil amendment in agriculture would not cause a significant impact on the environment.
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Leah, Tamara. „Current humus state of soils in conditions of intensive degradation processes in Moldova“. Visnyk of the Lviv University. Series Geography, Nr. 44 (28.11.2013): 196–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vgg.2013.44.1224.
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The paper contains the research results on the evolution of humus content in the arable soils of the Republic of Moldova during 1961–2010. The current humus state of arable soils caused of the agricultural long period of utilization. Studies carried out in Moldova, more than 140 years ago, found that chernozem contained about 5–6 % of humus. In subsequent years, the natural fertility of the soil of Moldova has been declining. In the present the humus content reached the level of 3.1 % on average for the whole agricultural area. As a result of over 140 years from the original natural soil fertility remains 50–60 %. In the recent years the average doses of applied fertilizers on the Moldovan soils were 25 kg/ha. During the last years, the state programs for remediation of humus content, the chemical, physical and biological soil properties, concerning the soil and water protection by the nutrient pollution and substances of plant protection products have been developed. Key words: humus loss, soil degradation, chernozem, fertilizer, measures.
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Escudey, Mauricio, Pamela de la Fuente, Mónica Antilén und Mauricio Molina. „Effect of ash from forest fires on phosphorus availability, transport, chemical forms, and content in volcanic soils“. Environmental Chemistry 7, Nr. 1 (2010): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/en09067.
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Environmental context. Intensive fertilisation and the availability of phosphorus species (less than 10%) in cultivable soils of volcanic origin are causing the accumulation of P in these soils. Phosphorus is a macronutrient that severely limits good agricultural development, so knowledge of the distribution and the different forms of P present in soils is fundamental for sustainable agricultural practice. This novel study reports the existence of increased available P in all the soils that received a load of plant ash from different tree species. Abstract. The effect associated with the distribution of ash from plantations of native, pine, and eucalyptus forests over five soils of volcanic origin was studied by means of column leaching experiments. The results show a clear increase of pH (up to 4.4 units) and of the soil’s electric conductivity (up to 21 times), whereas total extractable P content increased 3 to 10 times with respect to the control. These effects follow a sequence depending on the origin of the ash (native forest, pine, eucalyptus), concentrated in the 0.0–10.0-cm section from the top of the columns. The observed alkalinity caused an increase of available P (from 21 to 72 times with respect to the control), in addition to decreasing residual P and increasing the extraction efficiency of the method used, discarding a transformation of inorganic P into organic P. Finally, the results show that the addition of ash is a valid and complementary alternative to phosphate fertilisation.
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Tóth, T., J. Tomáš, P. Lazor, D. Bajčan und K. Jomová. „The Transfer of Heavy Metals from Contaminated Soils into Agricultural Plants in High Tatras Region“. Czech Journal of Food Sciences 27, Special Issue 1 (24.06.2009): S390—S393. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/600-cjfs.
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The problems of soil hygiene and contents of the following heavy metals: cadmium, cobalt and nickel in the productive parts of plants in the location of Agricultural Cooperative Štrba in Poprad County were discussed in the presented work. Above-mentioned location is found in the neighbourhood with a chemical factory Chemosvit Svit. The achieved results show that the soil hygiene in this region is mainly affected by the activity of this chemical factory. This factory is producing many risky substances and their results can be seen in the condition of soil hygiene and in the quality of farmed plants. The results of monitored heavy metals (Cd, Co, Ni) prove that the content of cadmium and nickel is the main polluting factor of soil in this region. The increased contents of these elements in soil produce a high risk of the uptake to plants. This further affects the technological quality along with the quality of hygiene of farmed products and finally the food itself as well. A higher attention needs to be paid to cobalt too, because it proved quite high cumulation ability in soil.
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Yang, Jiayue, Hui Wei, Jiaen Zhang, Zhaoji Shi, Hongru Li, Yanqiong Ye und Ahmed Ibrahim Abdo. „Land Use and Soil Type Exert Strongly Interactive Impacts on the pH Buffering Capacity of Acidic Soils in South China“. Sustainability 14, Nr. 19 (09.10.2022): 12891. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su141912891.
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Soil acidification is a severe environmental problem around the world. Soil pH buffering capacity (pHBC) is the intrinsic factor affecting the soil acidification rate and is intensively impacted by anthropogenic and natural conditions. However, composite assessments of the effects of land use and soil type on soil pHBC are still limited. Therefore, we collected samples of five soil types (red soil, lateritic red soil, latosol, paddy soil and acid sulphate soil) from two land use patterns of agricultural and adjacent forest fields at different depths (0–10 cm, 10–20 cm and 20–30 cm) in South China, aiming to investigate the effects of land use and soil type on soil pHBC in this region. The results show that land use, soil type and their interactions greatly influence soil pHBC and physico-chemical properties. Forest soils have a significantly higher pHBC (11.40–49.50 mmol·kg−1 soil·unit−1 pH), cation exchange capacity (CEC), exchangeable Al3+ (EAl3+) and clay content than agricultural soils. Acid sulphate soil has the highest pHBC (49.27–117.83 mmol·kg−1 soil·unit−1 pH) values and exchangeable acid (EA) content among all investigated soil types, whereas lateritic red soil has the lowest pHBC (10.56–31.71 mmol·kg−1 soil·unit−1 pH). In agricultural fields, soil pHBC is positively related to CEC, soil organic carbon (SOC) and EA, indicating that agricultural soils may be in a cation exchange buffering stage. The soil pHBC of forest fields is positively correlated with SOC and EAl3+, implying that forest soils may be in the Al buffering stage. In conclusion, soil pHBC would vary with different land use forms and soil types, in which a series of key complex physico-chemical processes and interactions would occur to regulate soil pH buffering capacity.
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Leite, Olavo da Costa, Saulo de Oliveira lima, João Henrique Silva da Luz, Rubens Ribeiro da Silva, Rodrigo Ribeiro Fidelis, Rodrigo de Castro Tavares, Juliana Barilli und Ângela Franciely Machado. „Liming in soils with plinthic materials of the Brazilian Savanna: potentials and limitations“. April 2022, Nr. 16(04):2022 (01.04.2022): 488–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.21475/ajcs.22.16.04.p3438.
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The expansion of agriculture has been taking place in marginal soils with low productive potential, such as Plinthosols. The liming can increase the economic and environmental sustainability of agriculture. However, there are no studies on the dissolution or recommendation of limestone for Plinthosols. The objective was to evaluate the effect of limestone doses on the chemical attributes of three soils with different gravel contents (ironstone concretions). The soils were collected (0-20 cm layer) in native areas of the central region of the Brazilian Savanna. They were classified as Red-Yellow Latosol (RYO) and two Concretionary Pétric Plinthosol (with 29% [CPP-29] and 72.8% [CPP-72] of soil volume with gravel). A factorial scheme (3x6) with the three soils (RYO, CPP-29, and CPP-72), six limestone doses, and four replications. The evolution of pH was verified at 10, 20, 30, and 40 days after the beginning of incubation (DAI), and determined the chemical attributes (Al, H+Al, Ca, Mg, BS, V%, P, and K) at 40 DAI. The doses to reach pH 6 were 1.4 t ha-1 for RYO, 3.9 t ha-1 for CPP-29, and 2.7 t ha-1 for CPP-72. Al3+ neutralization was 100% with doses above 3.5, 2.5 and 0.5 t ha-1 for CPP-29, CPP-72, RYO. There was a significant increase in Ca and Mg contents in all soils. However, the Soil CPP-72 did not reach a critical level for Ca (>2.41 cmolc dm-3) and Mg (>0.91 cmolc dm-3) for Plinthosols with higher plinthite content. Thus, we recommend using agricultural practices that increase the capacity of the soil to retain and recycle nutrients.
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Egbuche, Christian Toochi, Su Zhiyao, Azubuike N. O, I. E. Duruanyim, Marcellin Robertson, Duru I. C. und Okoi U. Ina Jnr. „Integrated Forest Management Systems: Evaluation of forest soil properties for Environmental Quality and Agricultural Productivity“. EARTH SCIENCES AND HUMAN CONSTRUCTIONS 2 (26.04.2022): 89–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.37394/232024.2022.2.13.
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Soil physical and chemical properties do affect forests (plant) growth and soil management systems. Some key and important physical and chemical properties of soil are mineral content, texture, cation exchange capacity, bulk density, structure, porosity, organic matter content, carbon-to-ni- trogen ratio, color, depth, fertility, and pH. Sustainable forest management and soil quality parameters may include such terrestrial functions as carbon sequestration, land use management, erosion control, plant productivity and a soil’s capacity to produce biomass. Sustainable forest management consistently requires enhancement of both the chemical and physical properties of forest soil quality. Land use and change in land use as well as forest management systems, are main indicators that may determine which soil properties induce changes in any forest site. Forest management and crop yield are key issues of environmental/productivity quality in addressing carbon mitigation and absorption in plant species and agricultural productivity. Five distinct forest soils under major physical properties and chemical properties were evaluated at the forest ecology laboratory. The results were determined while considering regional forest management regimes. Correlation analysis in Deqing forest soil showed that higher correlation of NMC at 25-50cm depth, BD at 0-25cm as well as 25-50cm while EC was high on 0-40 and 0.60 At the Guangzhou site, acidic levels (pH 0-25cm) indicated minor correlation and soil salinity (EC 25-50cm) also showed minor correlation. The trend was same the at the Changtan forest site where soil salinity showed only minor significant relationship (0-25cm). A percentage assessment of SOC (g/kg) among the forest sites by plot observation showed that Deqing forest site, Changtan and Nanling were well distributed which confers best forest management regimes that yield to good forest soil chemical and physical properties. This study gave scientific insight and boast plant functional nutrient interaction as well as stability towards better agricultural productivity and forest management systems. This is in agreement that good management and less disturbance in forest soils are major component of physical and chemical properties interaction, thereby for effective integrated forest and agricultural management systems.
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Egbuche, Christian Toochi, Su Zhiyao, Azubuike N. O, I. E. Duruanyim, Marcellin Robertson, Duru I. C. und Okoi U. Ina Jnr. „Integrated Forest Management Systems: Evaluation of forest soil properties for Environmental Quality and Agricultural Productivity“. EARTH SCIENCES AND HUMAN CONSTRUCTIONS 2 (26.04.2022): 89–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.37394/232024.2022.2.13.
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Soil physical and chemical properties do affect forests (plant) growth and soil management systems. Some key and important physical and chemical properties of soil are mineral content, texture, cation exchange capacity, bulk density, structure, porosity, organic matter content, carbon-to-ni- trogen ratio, color, depth, fertility, and pH. Sustainable forest management and soil quality parameters may include such terrestrial functions as carbon sequestration, land use management, erosion control, plant productivity and a soil’s capacity to produce biomass. Sustainable forest management consistently requires enhancement of both the chemical and physical properties of forest soil quality. Land use and change in land use as well as forest management systems, are main indicators that may determine which soil properties induce changes in any forest site. Forest management and crop yield are key issues of environmental/productivity quality in addressing carbon mitigation and absorption in plant species and agricultural productivity. Five distinct forest soils under major physical properties and chemical properties were evaluated at the forest ecology laboratory. The results were determined while considering regional forest management regimes. Correlation analysis in Deqing forest soil showed that higher correlation of NMC at 25-50cm depth, BD at 0-25cm as well as 25-50cm while EC was high on 0-40 and 0.60 At the Guangzhou site, acidic levels (pH 0-25cm) indicated minor correlation and soil salinity (EC 25-50cm) also showed minor correlation. The trend was same the at the Changtan forest site where soil salinity showed only minor significant relationship (0-25cm). A percentage assessment of SOC (g/kg) among the forest sites by plot observation showed that Deqing forest site, Changtan and Nanling were well distributed which confers best forest management regimes that yield to good forest soil chemical and physical properties. This study gave scientific insight and boast plant functional nutrient interaction as well as stability towards better agricultural productivity and forest management systems. This is in agreement that good management and less disturbance in forest soils are major component of physical and chemical properties interaction, thereby for effective integrated forest and agricultural management systems.
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Trigub, Valentіna I., Victoriia V. Yavorska, Ihor V. Hevko und Andriy A. Kyrylchuk. „Agroecological assessment of fluorine in soils and agricultural plants of steppe landscapes of Odessa region“. Journal of Geology, Geography and Geoecology 29, Nr. 4 (28.12.2020): 805–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/112073.
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The materials of long-term research of the features of the content and distribution of fluorine in southern chernozems are highlighted. The purpose of this work is to investigate the effects of irrigation and chemical meliorants on the fluorine accumulation in soils and crops. To achieve this goal, the following tasks were set: to determine the content of fluorine in soils and plants in conditions of irrigation and application of phosphorus fertilizers (phosphogypsum); to carry out ecological assessment of southern chernozems in terms of accumulation and migration of fluorine in soil, plant resistance to fluorine accumulationand translocation. The research was conducted within the irrigation areas of Odessa region. Bulk and movable forms of fluorine were determined by the potentiometric method in the southern chernozems of different reclamation state (non-irrigated, irrigated and irrigated reclaimed). The content of movable fluorine in agricultural plants was determined by the author’s method. It was established that the contest of bulk fluorine is the highest in the non-irrigated chernozems, but does not exceed the MPC. In irrigation, the number of bulk forms of fluorine decreases due to their dissolution and migration from the top layer to the depth of the soil profile. The content of soluble forms of fluorine increases significantly in all components of agrolandscape under the influence of irrigation and especially the introduction of phosphogypsum. It was determined that the combined application of phosphorous fertilizers and manure leads toa decrease of the fluorine content in soils, lysimetric waters and agricultural plants. The degree of mobility of fluorine compounds in the studied chernozems during irrigation and especially the introduction of phosphogypsum increases. The level of fluorine content in lysimetric waters and the coefficient of water migration correlate with its content in soils. A positive correlation was found between the fluorine content in the roots of maize, oats, wheat ear and soil while its absence between the content of fluorine in the stems and leaves. The introduction of mineral and organic fertilizers together enhances the ability of plants to absorb fluorine from chernozem soils. The active contamination rate for all tested plants is higher than one, which can cause their inhibition. When resuming irrigation of chernozem soils, there will be a need for increased doses of mineral, including phosphorus fertilizers. Despite the low solubility of fluorine compounds, conducted research has shown that irrigation and application of phosphogypsum significantly increases the soluble forms of fluorine, which can adversely affect the pollution of agrolandscapes and public health.
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Abakumov, Evgeny, Evgeniya Morgun, Alexandr Pechkin und Vyacheslav Polyakov. „Abandoned agricultural soils from the central part of the Yamal region of Russia: morphology, diversity, and chemical properties“. Open Agriculture 5, Nr. 1 (26.03.2020): 94–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/opag-2020-0010.
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AbstractThe post-anthropogenic and soil cover transformations of former agricultural soils on the abandoned lands in the Russian Arctic territory are poorly investigated due to the active growth of the city complexes and increasing area occupied by agricultural lands. That is lead to an increase in the area of the arable lands surrounding the polar urbanized territories. Today, most of that land allocated for agricultural needs has been abandoned or affected by other types of land use. This study aimed to investigate the abandoned lands surrounding some of the settlements in the central part of the Yamal region. The soil diversity, morphology, and chemical and agrochemical properties were investigated with special reference to the specific transformations that occur to fallow lands under permafrost-affected cryogenic-ecosystem conditions. Analysis of data show that these soils are characterized by features relating to both, previous (and existing), anthropogenic impacts and natural processes such as cryogenic mass transfer. The degradation of the arable humus-enriched horizon was not as pronounced as it has been in more humid boreal environments over recent decades. The organic carbon content in topsoil depends on the land use and varied considerably among the soil types. The former arable topsoil horizon has been stable over time in terms of its morphological features and agrochemical state. Despite the high soil acidity levels, thenutrient content in the anthropogenically impacted soils was still high, even though being abandoned for 20 years.
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Tomakov, Vladimir, und Maxim Tomakov. „Features of Heavy Metal Contamination of Agricultural Soils in the Kursk Region of Russia and Economic Assessment of Restoration“. SHS Web of Conferences 110 (2021): 01022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/202111001022.
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Kursk region of Russia has unique fertile soils. Heavy metals are among the factors that pollute the soil. The article is devoted to the study of the spatial distribution of heavy metals in soils. The relevance of the study is that the value of the soil is determined by its value for obtaining environmentally friendly agricultural products. Data on the content of heavy metals in the soil can prevent intensive cultivation of crops. The task of the work is to identify heavy metals that predominate in the soils of various landscapes of the Kursk region. The assessment of soil contamination with chemical elements was carried out in the course of geo-ecological studies of black earth soils in the Kursk region of Russia. The selected soil samples were examined by semi-quantitative spectral analysis. The results obtained were subjected to statistical processing. It was found that cobalt is the main pollutant in the vast majority of sampling points. In other zones, molybdenum, lead, zinc, and chromium predominate in approximately equal amounts. Soils in the surveyed area belong to the permissible category of contamination with chemical elements. Soil remediation should be applied in local areas.
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Zhang, Ting, Bo Wu, Na Sun, Yong Ye und Huaixia Chen. „Sorption and degradation of wastewater-associated pharmaceuticals and personal care products in agricultural soils and sediment“. Water Science and Technology 68, Nr. 5 (01.09.2013): 991–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2013.326.
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Pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) have drawn popular concerns recently as an emerging class of aquatic contaminants. In this study, adsorption and degradation of four selected PPCPs, metronidazole, tinidazole, caffeine and chloramphenicol, have been investigated in the laboratory using two agricultural soils in China and sediment from Changjiang River. Adsorption tests using a batch equilibrium method demonstrated that adsorption of all tested chemicals in soils could be well described with Freundlich equation, and their adsorption affinity on soil followed the order of chloramphenicol > caffeine > tinidazole > metronidazole. Generally, higher Kf value was associated with soils which had higher organic matter contents (except for caffeine acid in this study). Degradation of selected PPCPs in soils generally followed first-order exponential decay kinetics, and half-lives ranging from 0.97 to 10.21 d. Sterilization generally decreased the degradation rates, indicating that microbial activity played a significant role in the degradation in soils. The degradation rate constant decreased with increasing initial chemical concentrations in soil, implying that the microbial activity was inhibited with high chemical loading levels.
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Sheel, PR, MAH Chowdhury, M. Ali und MA Mahamud. „Physico-chemical characterization of some selected soil series of Mymensingh and Jamalpur districts of Bangladesh“. Journal of the Bangladesh Agricultural University 13, Nr. 2 (20.07.2016): 197–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbau.v13i2.28780.
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The soil physico-chemical properties have been disturbed due to long continued intensive agricultural practices. Under this situation we are approaching rapidly to a very strong future challenge in sustaining the quality of our soil. This study was conducted to evaluate the physico-chemical properties of the selected soil series. The area covered Mymensingh and Jamalpur districts of Bangladesh. Soil samples were collected randomly from different profiles of Lokdeo, Tarakanda, Silmondi and Melandah soil series during March-May, 2014 and analysed. All soils were acidic and textural classes were sandy loam, silt loam, loam, and clay loam. Organic matter and total N contents low to very low. Available S content in the upper layers of most soils were medium to optimum and in the deeper layer low to medium. The exchangeable K, Ca and Na contents were also low. The upper layers of all the locations contained higher amounts of available Zn. The available Cu and Fe contents of most soils were very high. The soils of all locations contained very high amount of available Mn except the deeper layers (45-75 cm) of Melandah which contained optimum amount of available Mn. Soil pH showed negative correlation with total N and available S. Total N showed positive correlation with soil OM, available Cu and available S. There was positive correlation between available S and available Mn.J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 13(2): 197-206, December 2015
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Lichner, Ľubomír, Massimo Iovino, Peter Šurda, Viliam Nagy, Anton Zvala, Jozef Kollár, Jozef Pecho, Vladimír Píš, Nasrollah Sepehrnia und Renáta Sándor. „Impact of secondary succession in abandoned fields on some properties of acidic sandy soils“. Journal of Hydrology and Hydromechanics 68, Nr. 1 (01.03.2020): 12–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/johh-2019-0028.
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AbstractAbandonment of agricultural lands in recent decades is occurring mainly in Europe, North America and Oceania, and changing the fate of landscapes as the ecosystem recovers during fallow stage. The objective of this study was to find the impact of secondary succession in abandoned fields on some parameters of acidic sandy soils in the Borská nížina lowland (southwestern Slovakia). We investigated soil chemical (pH and soil organic carbon content), hydrophysical (water sorptivity, and hydraulic conductivity), and water repellency (water drop penetration time, water repellency cessation time, repellency index, and modified repellency index) parameters, as well as the ethanol sorptivity of the studied soils. Both the hydrophysical and chemical parameters decreased significantly during abandonment of the three investigated agricultural fields. On the other hand, the water repellency parameters increased significantly, but the ethanol sorptivity did not change during abandonment. As the ethanol sorptivity depends mainly on soil pore size, the last finding could mean that the pore size of acidic sandy soils did not change during succession.