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Zhou, Huan, Qingzhi Wang, Junmin Zhou, Tiaoying Li, Alexis Medina, Stephen Felt, Scott Rozelle und John Openshaw. „Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) of Cysticercosis in School-Aged Children in Tibetan Rural Farming Areas of Western China: Implications for Intervention Planning“. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, Nr. 5 (04.03.2019): 780. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16050780.
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Neurocysticercosis (NCC) significantly contributes to morbidity in developing countries. We recently published a study of prevalence and risk factors in school-aged children in three mountainous areas in Sichuan province of western China. Using structural equation modeling (SEM) on data from that study to guide intervention planning, here we examine risk factors grouped into three broad interventional categories: sociodemographics, human behavior, and sources of pork and pig husbandry. Because neuroimaging is not easily available, using SEM allows for the use of multiple observed variables (serological tests and symptoms) to represent probable NCC cases. Data collected from 2608 students was included in this analysis. Within this group, seroprevalence of cysticercosis IgG antibodies was 5.4%. SEM results showed that sociodemographic factors (β = 0.33, p < 0.05), sources of pork and pig husbandry (β = 0.26, p < 0.001), and behavioral factors (β = 0.33, p < 0.05) were all directly related to probable NCC in school-aged children. Sociodemographic factors affected probable NCC indirectly via sources of pork and pig husbandry factors (β = 0.07, p < 0.001) and behavioral variables (β = 0.07, p < 0.001). Both sociodemographic factors (β = 0.07, p < 0.05) and sources of pork and pig husbandry factors (β = 0.10, p < 0.01) affected probable NCC indirectly via behavioral variables. Because behavioral variables not only had a large direct effect but also served as a critical bridge to strengthen the effect of sociodemographics and sources of pork and pig husbandry on probable NCC, our findings suggest that interventions targeting behavioral factors may be the most effective in reducing disease.
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Castro, Maria Beatriz Trindade De, Rita Adriana Gomes De Souza, Ana Amélia Freitas Vilela und Gilberto Kac. „Association between sociodemographics factors and dietary patterns during pregnancy“. Revista de Nutrição 27, Nr. 2 (April 2014): 173–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1415-52732014000200004.
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OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association between socio-demographic factors and dietary patterns in pregnancy. METHODS: Cross-sectional study with baseline data from a cohort of 421 postpartum women aged 18 and 45 years resident in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Dietary intake was evaluated with a validated food frequency questionnaire at 15 days following delivery, having as time frame the second and third pregnancy trimesters. Dietary patterns were identified using factor analysis for principal components analysis. The association between socio-demographic factors and the identified dietary patterns was assessed with multiple linear regression analysis. RESULTS: Two dietary patterns were identified: i) healthy: fruits; green vegetables; vegetables; fish; roots, corn and potato; milk and dairy and herbal tea mate, and negatively loadings for alcohol and coffee and ii) mixed: rice; bean; flour and pasta; breads; cake and cookies; soda and juice; sugar and sweets; fatty foods; meats; chicken; and eggs. The linear regression showed that the income (β=0.0002; 95%CI: 0.0002-0.0004) and schooling (β=0.0491; 95%CI: 0.0264-0.0718) were positively associated with healthy pattern, and parity (β=-0.1044; 95%CI: -0.1665- -0.0423) and skin color (β=-0.3102; 95%CI: -0.5256- -0.0947) were negatively associated. Skin color (β=0.1647; 95%CI: 0.0378- 0.2916) and marital status (β=0.1065; 95%CI: 0.0062- 0.2067) were positively associated with mixed pattern and income (β=-0.0001; 95%CI:-0.0002- -0.0001) and schooling (β=-0.0281; 95%CI: -0.0417- -0.0146) were negatively associated. CONCLUSION: Socio-demographic factors such as income, schooling, skin color, marital status and parity were associated with dietary patterns in this sample of postpartum women residents in Rio de Janeiro.
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Johnson, Rolanda L. „The Relationships Among Racial Identity, Self-Esteem, Sociodemographics, and Health-Promoting Lifestyles“. Research and Theory for Nursing Practice 16, Nr. 3 (Juli 2002): 193–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/rtnp.16.3.193.53007.
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The purpose of this study was to explore the relationships between racial identity, self-esteem, sociodemographic factors, and health-promoting lifestyles in a sample of African Americans. African American mortality rates are disproportionately high. These rates are associated with health behaviors that are driven by many factors including lifestyle practices. Other factors may be self-esteem and racial identity. Research shows gender differences in health behaviors, but no studies have explored a racial identity and gender interaction. Exploring these relationships may lead to the improved health status of African Americans. A convenience sample of 224 was recruited consisting of 48% males (n = 108). The mean age was 37.2 years (SD = 12.6). Regression analyses demonstrated that the internalization racial identity stage (β = .12; p < .001) and self-esteem (β = .50; p < .001) contributed to the variance in health-promoting lifestyles. Self-esteem did not mediate the relationship between immersion and health-promoting lifestyle scores (β = -.16; p = .03). The full model Beta values show that racial identity remains significant with sociodemographics and interactions controlled, but moderators do not. Racial identity, while not a strong predictor, has some impact on health-promoting lifestyles regardless of sociodemographics.
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Oliveira, Maria Tânia Silva, Caline Novais Teixeira Oliveira, Lucas Miranda Marques, Cláudio Lima Souza und Márcio Vasconcelos Oliveira. „Factors associated with spontaneous abortion: a systematic review“. Revista Brasileira de Saúde Materno Infantil 20, Nr. 2 (Juni 2020): 361–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1806-93042020000200003.
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Abstract Objectives: to compile studies produced regardinggenetic and non-genetic risks factors associated with occurrence of spontaneous abortion. Methods: it talks about a systematic review article, with studies between January of 2008 to November of 2018 according to SciELO, PubMed, Lilacs and BVS. Results: in total, 567 articles were found. After applying the definedeligibility criteria, 44 articles made part of the review, being the majority published on Asia between 2008 and 2011, and 10 articles published on Brazil. Not genetic causes like sociodemographic factors and healthy state were among the most associated conditions of spontaneous abortion. Asiatic continent had predominance about the correlation of spontaneous abortion with factors related to life style like obesity, smoking and labor activities, on the other hand, in the Americas, causes related to sociodemographics factors like low pay and low studies are high-lighted. Conclusions: the risk factors change about the occurrence region, being important to make local studies capable of subsidize the implantation of public politics and to reduce abortions.
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Beaney, Thomas, Jonathan Clarke, David Salman, Thomas Woodcock, Azeem Majeed, Mauricio Barahona und Paul Aylin. „Identifying potential biases in code sequences in primary care electronic healthcare records: a retrospective cohort study of the determinants of code frequency“. BMJ Open 13, Nr. 9 (September 2023): e072884. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2023-072884.
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ObjectivesTo determine whether the frequency of diagnostic codes for long-term conditions (LTCs) in primary care electronic healthcare records (EHRs) is associated with (1) disease coding incentives, (2) General Practice (GP), (3) patient sociodemographic characteristics and (4) calendar year of diagnosis.DesignRetrospective cohort study.SettingGPs in England from 2015 to 2022 contributing to the Clinical Practice Research Datalink Aurum dataset.ParticipantsAll patients registered to a GP with at least one incident LTC diagnosed between 1 January 2015 and 31 December 2019.Primary and secondary outcome measuresThe number of diagnostic codes for an LTC in (1) the first and (2) the second year following diagnosis, stratified by inclusion in the Quality and Outcomes Framework (QOF) financial incentive programme.Results3 113 724 patients were included, with 7 723 365 incident LTCs. Conditions included in QOF had higher rates of annual coding than conditions not included in QOF (1.03 vs 0.32 per year, p<0.0001). There was significant variation in code frequency by GP which was not explained by patient sociodemographics. We found significant associations with patient sociodemographics, with a trend towards higher coding rates in people living in areas of higher deprivation for both QOF and non-QOF conditions. Code frequency was lower for conditions with follow-up time in 2020, associated with the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic.ConclusionsThe frequency of diagnostic codes for newly diagnosed LTCs is influenced by factors including patient sociodemographics, disease inclusion in QOF, GP practice and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. Natural language processing or other methods using temporally ordered code sequences should account for these factors to minimise potential bias.
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Gorbunova, Lidia A., Jens Ambrasat und Christian von Scheve. „Neighborhood Stereotypes and Interpersonal Trust in Social Exchange: An Experimental Study“. City & Community 14, Nr. 2 (Juni 2015): 206–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cico.12112.
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Recent research indicates that segregation is, in addition to many other undesirable consequences, negatively associated with social capital, in particular, generalized trust within a community. This study investigates whether an individual's residential neighborhood and the stereotypes associated with this neighborhood affect others’ trusting behavior as a specific form of social exchange. Using an anonymous trust game experiment in the context of five districts of the German capital, Berlin, we show that trusting is contingent on others’ residential neighborhood rather than on deliberate assessments of trustworthiness. Participants show significantly greater trust toward individuals from positively stereotyped neighborhoods with favorable sociodemographic characteristics than to persons from negatively stereotyped neighborhoods with unfavorable sociodemographics. Importantly, when stereotypes and sociodemographic factors point in opposite directions, participants’ trust decisions reflect stereotype content.
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Sun, C., S. Kurian, G. Washington, K. Nielsen-Menicucci, T. Wilson, L. Crocitto, S. Donald et al. „Differential survival after prostate cancer by race: Role of NCI-designated comprehensive cancer centers“. Journal of Clinical Oncology 27, Nr. 15_suppl (20.05.2009): 6520. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.6520.
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6520 Background: A significant gap exists between Caucasians and African-Americans (AAs) in prostate cancer mortality, possibly due to sociodemographics, disease biology, or treatment. Furthermore, differential access to care at NCI-designated Comprehensive Cancer Centers (NCICCCs) conceivably contributes to this difference. Methods: Using data from the Los Angeles Cancer Surveillance Program, we studied the underlying causes of differences in mortality in 18,790 men (AAs: 4,211; Caucasians: 14,579) diagnosed with prostate cancer between 1998 and 2003, and followed until 2006. Three NCICCCs serve this area: USC-Norris, UCLA-Jonsson, and City of Hope. Results: Median age at diagnosis was 67.5 yrs; AAs were significantly more likely to have lower SES; carry no insurance; have distant disease; and be managed with “watchful waiting.” The overall and prostate-specific survival was significantly superior for patients treated at NCICCCs, and for Caucasians (Table). Multivariate analysis, after adjustment for sociodemographics, race, insurance, tumor-related factors, and treatment-modality, revealed that treatment at NCICCCs was associated with lower overall (HR=0.74, 95% CI=0.6–0.9) and prostate-specific mortality (HR=0.69, 95% CI=0.5–0.97). AAs were less likely to utilize NCICCCs (OR=0.42, 95%CI=0.4–0.5). Finally, adjustment for sociodemographic, tumor/treatment-related factors, and treatment site abrogated the racial difference in overall (HR=1.08, 95%CI=0.99–1.2) and prostate-specific (HR=1.11, 95%CI=0.9–1.3) mortality. Conclusions: Patients treated at NCICCCs have lower mortality compared with other facilities. AAs are less likely to utilize NCICCCs for prostate cancer. AAs and Caucasians have comparable overall and prostate-specific survival, after adjustment for sociodemographic, tumor/treatment-related factors, and treatment site. Future studies are needed to understand barriers and facilitators to utilization of NCICCCs for management of prostate cancer. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Yang, Min, Wei Wang, Xuewu Chen, Wei Wang, Renting Xu und Tianqi Gu. „Modeling Destination Choice Behavior Incorporating Spatial Factors, Individual Sociodemographics, and Travel Mode“. Journal of Transportation Engineering 136, Nr. 9 (September 2010): 800–810. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)te.1943-5436.0000140.
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Skolarus, Lesli E., Chunyang Feng und James F. Burke. „Exploring Factors Contributing to Race Differences in Poststroke Disability“. Stroke 51, Nr. 6 (Juni 2020): 1813–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/strokeaha.119.027700.
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Background and Purpose— Cross sectional analyses have found large race differences in poststroke disability, yet these analyses do not account for prestroke disability, hospitalization factors, postacute care, transitions, or mortality. In this context, we explore mortality, nursing home placement, and disability in a longitudinal analysis of older stroke survivors who survived at least 90 days poststroke. Methods— A prospective cohort of black or white stroke survivors from the National Health and Aging Trends Study (2009–2016) linked to Medicare were used. Disability was assessed during in-person interviews with validated scales (0–7). We used cox proportional hazards models to separately assess mortality and nursing home admission adjusting for age, sex, sociodemographics (marital status, education, income, insurance status, social network size), comorbidities, hospitalization factors, postacute care, and 90-day readmissions. To estimate racial differences in disability, we used a multilevel linear regression model initially adjusting for age and sex and then compared with a model adjusted for sociodemographics, comorbidities, hospitalization factors, postacute care, and 90-day readmissions. Results— There were 282 stroke survivors, of which 76 (12.6%) were black. There were no race differences in long-term mortality (hazard ratio for black, 1.2 [95% CI, 0.7–2.2]; P =0.5) or nursing home placement (hazard ratio for black, 0.7 [95% CI, 0.2–2.4]; P =0.5). The largest race differences in disability were observed immediately prestroke, estimated age- and sex-adjusted activity limitations were (2.6 [2.0–3.2] in blacks versus 1.4 [1.0–1.8] in whites, mean difference, 1.2 [0.5–1.9], P <0.001) and immediately poststroke (2.6 [2.0–3.3] in blacks versus 1.7 [1.2–2.1] in whites, mean difference, 1.0 [0.2–1.7], P <0.01). Full adjustment did not substantially change the associations between race and disability. Conclusions— Race differences in nursing home placement, long-term mortality, sociodemographics, comorbidities, hospitalization factors, postacute care, and readmissions are unlikely to be large contributors to race differences in poststroke disability. Further research is needed to understand the drivers of race differences in poststroke disability.
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Jackson, Devlon N., Emily B. Peterson, Kelly D. Blake, Kisha Coa und Wen-Ying Sylvia Chou. „Americans’ Trust in Health Information Sources: Trends and Sociodemographic Predictors“. American Journal of Health Promotion 33, Nr. 8 (23.07.2019): 1187–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0890117119861280.
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Purpose: To assess the public’s trust in health information sources (ie, government health agencies, doctors, family/friends, charitable organizations, and religious leaders/organizations) from 2005 to 2015 and identify sociodemographics factors associated with high trust. Design: Cross-sectional. Setting: Health Information National Trends Survey, a US nationally representative publicly available data on health-related knowledge, behaviors, and attitudes. Participants: Data included 5 iterations (2005-2015) of US adults (2005: N = 5586, 2008: N = 7764, 2011: N = 3959, 2013: N = 3185, and 2015: N = 3738). Measures: Outcome variables were high trust in health information sources and independent variables were sociodemographics. Analysis: A descriptive analysis was conducted to track changes in trust over the past decade. The χ2 and multivariable logistic regression were conducted to assess sociodemographic associations in 2015. Results: Trust in health information across all sources remained stable from 2005 to 2015. Doctors were the most trusted source, followed by government health agencies. Sociodemographics were independently associated with trust. For example, non-Hispanic blacks were more likely to trust charitable organizations (odds ratio [OR] = 2.32, confidence interval [CI] = 1.42-3.79) and religious leaders/organizations (OR = 3.57, CI = 1.20-10.57) compared to non-Hispanic whites. In addition, those with less than high school education (OR = 2.44, CI = 1.32-4.52) were more likely than college graduates to report trust in religious leaders/organizations. Conclusion: Although there are analytic limitations to the specific time periods, the findings demonstrate that public health communication practitioners must consider the role of source credibility among priority populations when disseminating and promoting information.
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Mickle, Angela M., Cynthia Garvan, Chelsea Service, Ralisa Pop, John Marks, Stanley Wu, Jeffrey C. Edberg et al. „Relationships Between Pain, Life Stress, Sociodemographics, and Cortisol: Contributions of Pain Intensity and Financial Satisfaction“. Chronic Stress 4 (Januar 2020): 247054702097575. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2470547020975758.
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Objective The relationship between psychosocial stress and chronic pain is bidirectional. An improved understanding regarding the relationships among chronic pain, life stress, and ethnicity/race will inform identification of factors contributing to health disparities in chronic pain and improve health outcomes. This study aims to assess relationships between measures of clinical pain, life stress, sociodemographics, and salivary cortisol levels. Methods A cross-sectional analysis involving data from 105 non-Hispanic White (NHW) and non-Hispanic Black (NHB) participants aged 45–85 years old with or at risk for knee osteoarthritis. Data included sociodemographics, clinical pain, psychosocial stress, and salivary cortisol across five time points over an approximate 12-hour period. Non-parametric correlation analysis, sociodemographic group comparisons, and regression analyses were performed. Results Clinical pain and psychosocial stress were associated with salivary cortisol levels, particularly morning waking and the evening to morning awakening slope. With the inclusion of recognized explanatory variables, the Graded Chronic Pain Scale characteristic pain intensity and financial satisfaction were identified as the primary pain and psychosocial measures associated with cortisol levels. Sociodemographic group differences were indicated such that NHB participants reported higher pain-related disability, higher levels of discrimination, lower financial and material satisfaction, and showed higher evening salivary cortisol levels compared to NHW participants. In combined pain and psychosocial stress analyses, greater financial satisfaction, lower pain intensity, and lower depression were associated with higher morning waking saliva cortisol levels while greater financial satisfaction was the only variable associated with greater evening to morning awakening slope. Conclusion Our findings show relationships among clinical pain, psychosocial stress, sociodemographic factors, and salivary cortisol levels. Importantly, with inclusion of recognized explanatory variables, financial satisfaction remained the primary factor accounting for differences in morning waking cortisol and evening to morning awakening cortisol slope in an ethnic/racially diverse group of middle aged and older adults with or at risk for knee osteoarthritis.
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Alothman, Shaima A., Alia Abdulaziz Al Baiz, Abeer Salman Alzaben, Ruqaiyah Khan, Ali Faris Alamri und Asma B. Omer. „Factors Associated with Lifestyle Behaviors among University Students—A Cross-Sectional Study“. Healthcare 12, Nr. 2 (09.01.2024): 154. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare12020154.
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Lifestyle behaviors are daily habits influenced by social and environmental factors. This study examined lifestyle behaviors and their associations with sociodemographics, comorbidities, and pain in Saudi university students during the academic year 2021 and 2022. All students received the study invitation via university emails to complete an online questionnaire. The questionnaire included four sections (sociodemographics, health-related information, desired health promotion activities, and a lifestyle behavior assessment) via Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile II (HPLP-II). The associations between study variables were assessed using Pearson’s correlation and multiple linear regression. The study questionnaire was completed by 1112 students. No correlation was found between sociodemographics and lifestyle-behavior-related factors except for students in the College of Science who appeared to have good lifestyle behaviors (an increase in HPLP II total scores of 3.69). Students with mental health issues have poorer lifestyle behaviors and spend more time sitting (p < 0.00). Students without disabilities have lower scores in health responsibility, physical activity, nutrition, and stress management, while auditory disability specifically lowers health responsibility (p < 0.00). Pain was not associated with any assessed lifestyle behaviors. This study identified several significant correlations and differences between variables such as age, sedentary behavior, sleep duration, disability status, college major, and lifestyle behaviors among PNU students. These findings provide insights into the factors that influence students’ health-promoting behaviors and can help guide interventions for promoting healthier lifestyles on campus. Targeted health promotion strategies at an early age could help in decreasing overall noncommunicable disease incidents later in life. The study results should be interpreted taking into consideration that the collected data were cross-sectional and self-reported. In conclusion, the findings of this study clearly demonstrate the need for specific lifestyle and health-promoting programs that are directed toward university students.
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Safyudin, Dita Tri Ramadianti, Subandrate, Liniyanti D. Oswari und Eka Handayani Oktharina. „Blood Transfusion Incidence and Sociodemographics Relationship with Anxiety Levels of Thalassemia Major Parents“. Biomedical Journal of Indonesia 10, Nr. 1 (06.03.2024): 18–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.32539/bji.v10i1.177.
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Introduction. Thalassemia is inherited anemia in an autosomal recessive manner with a disruption in hemoglobin synthesis that causes a decreased amount of hemoglobin and anemia. Routine blood transfusions carried out by sufferers and parents' sociodemographic factors can cause an increased psychological burden on the patient's parents. This study investigated the relationship between the incidence of blood transfusions in pediatric patients and parents' sociodemographics with the anxiety level of parents in pediatric thalassemia major patients at RSMH Palembang. This study used an observational analytical method with a cross-sectional study design. Methods. This study used an observational analytical method with a cross-sectional study design. This study consisted of 42 respondents. This study used primary data from interviews and filling out the Z-SAS questionnaire and secondary data from medical records. Results. The distribution of blood transfusion found in thalassemia major children who had transfusions £1 time/month was 40.5%. Based on sociodemographics, 81% of respondents were women, 26.2% had a low level of education, 28.6% were in early adulthood, 61.9% had less income, 81% had 1 child, and 14.3% had thalassemia Major children diagnosed £1 year. The level of anxiety that dominated the results was normal/not anxious (72.8%) and mild anxiety (26.2%). (P Value= 0.305; 0.174; 1.00; 0.095; 0.158; 0.657; 0.644). Conclusion. There was no relation between blood transfusion incidence in children with thalassemia major and sociodemographic of parents with anxiety levels of children with thalassemia major parents in RSMH Palembang.
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He, Mingwei, Yi Fei und Min He. „Exploring the Factors Associated with Car Use for Short Trips: Evidence from Kunming, China“. Journal of Advanced Transportation 2020 (01.02.2020): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/3654130.
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The purpose of this study is to explore the factors associated with car use for short trips. Using the data collected from a travel survey conducted with car users in Kunming, the structural equation model is employed to explore the structural relationships between car use for short trips, attitudes toward cars and alternative travel modes, sociodemographics, and the built environment. The results show that instrumental and symbolic attitudes toward cars are positively related to the affective attitude, and these three attitudes have a significant effect on car use for short trips. The symbolic attitude of drivers is negatively associated with their walking and cycling attitudes. Drivers with a better cycling attitude use a car less frequently for short trips. Concurrently, the effects of sociodemographics and the built environment on the attitudes and car use for short trips are also identified. The findings may contribute to understanding the car use behavior and help policy makers to identify methods for reducing car use more clearly.
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Umeora, O. U. J., J. O. Mbazor und E. E. Okpere. „Tubal factor infertility in Benin City, Nigeria - sociodemographics of patients and aetiopathogenic factors“. Tropical Doctor 37, Nr. 2 (April 2007): 92–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/004947550703700211.
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Umeora, O. U. J., J. O. Mbazor und E. E. Okpere. „Tubal factor infertility in Benin City, Nigeria - sociodemographics of patients and aetiopathogenic factors“. Tropical Doctor 37, Nr. 2 (01.04.2007): 92–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/004947507780609446.
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Lucchetti, Giancarlo, Alessandra L. G. Lucchetti, Mario F. P. Peres, Alexander Moreira-Almeida und Harold G. Koenig. „Religiousness, Health, and Depression in Older Adults from a Brazilian Military Setting“. ISRN Psychiatry 2012 (09.08.2012): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2012/940747.
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This study aims to analyze the association between religious attendance, self-reported religiousness, depression, and several health factors in 170 older adults from a Brazilian outpatient setting. A comprehensive assessment was conducted including sociodemographic characteristics, religious attendance, self-reported religiousness, functional status, depression, pain, hospitalization, and mental status. After adjusting for sociodemographics, (a) higher self-reported religiousness was associated with lower prevalence of smoking, less depressive symptoms, and less hospitalization and (b) higher religious attendance was only associated with less depressive symptoms. Religiousness seems to play a role in depression, smoking, and hospitalization in older adults from a Brazilian outpatient setting. Self-reported religiousness was associated with more health characteristics than religious attendance.
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Szabó, Katalin, und Bettina Pikó. „A táplálkozással kapcsolatos attitűdök, magatartás és információkeresés vizsgálata és összefüggése szociodemográfiai és pszichológiai változókkal serdülők körében“. Orvosi Hetilap 159, Nr. 51 (Dezember 2018): 2183–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/650.2018.31194.
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Abstract: Introduction: Nutrition is one of the key factors in health maintainance. So developing appropriate eating habits is very important in adolescence. Dietary behaviour may be influenced by certain aspects of personality, e.g., self-efficacy, optimism/pessimism and self-control. Aim: We explored adolescents’ eating behaviour, attitudes, and information seeking, and their relationship with psychological and sociodemographic factors. Method: Participants were high school students (n = 277; 54% boys; mean age: 16 years; SD = 1.25). Our self-administered questionnaire contained items on sociodemographics, eating behaviour and attitudes, and information-seeking as well as three psychological scales. Results: We explored the main factors of behaviour (health-conscious, nonconscious, raw-based), attitudes (rejecting, ambivalent and accepting), and information-seeking (lay, professional, Internet) using factor analysis. Correlation analyses revealed adolescents’ nutrition-related behaviour and attitudes were rather health-conscious, but rejecting and ambivalence in their behaviour and attitudes appeared as well. Self-efficacy, self-control and optimism played a role not only in developing health-conscious behaviour and accepting attitude but also in avoiding the nonconscious behaviour and rejecting attitude. Health-conscious behaviour was associated with higher socioeconomic status and parents’ schooling but less with gender. Information-seeking was partly influenced by certain sociodemographics: professional resources were preferred by girls, students from grammar schools, and those with better school achievement. Conclusions: Our data draw attention to the extraordinary importance of mapping adolescent dietary habits; not only their behaviours but also attitudes and information-seeking. This life period is significant in terms of childhood nutrional socialization since youth’s decisions become more and more autonomous in this field as well. Orv Hetil. 2018; 159(51): 2183–2192.
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Carpenter, Chelsea, Sang-Eun Byun, Gabrielle Turner-McGrievy und Delia West. „An Exploration of Domain-Specific Sedentary Behaviors in College Students by Lifestyle Factors and Sociodemographics“. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, Nr. 18 (21.09.2021): 9930. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18189930.
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College students exhibit high levels of sedentary time and/or poor lifestyle factors (e.g., poor sleep, stress, physical inactivity). It is unknown; however, in what domains college students spend their sedentary time and whether there are associations between sedentary time and these lifestyle factors. This study examined sedentary behavior of college students by domains, current lifestyle factors and sociodemographics. Undergraduates (n = 272, M age = 20 years, 79% female) self-reported their sedentary behavior, sleep, stress, physical activity, anthropometrics and sociodemographics. Sedentary time was categorized as: total, recreational screen, education and social. Students reported spending > 12 h of their day sedentary on average, with over a third of this time spent in recreational screen time. All categories of sedentary time were significantly correlated with body mass index, and both total sedentary time and screen time were significantly correlated with sleep score, with poorer sleep quality associated with greater sedentary time. Physical activity was negatively correlated with social sedentary time only. Subgroups with elevated sedentary time included minority students, those with low parental education and students with overweight/obesity. Given the negative health impacts of sedentary behavior, college students would likely benefit from interventions tailored to this population which target reducing sedentary time, particularly recreational screen time.
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Gauchan, E., A. Kumar, G. BK, P. Thapa und J. Pun. „Relation of Sociodemographics and Personal Hygiene on Different Childhood Dermatoses“. Kathmandu University Medical Journal 13, Nr. 1 (20.10.2015): 29–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/kumj.v13i1.13749.
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Background Skin diseases in children contribute to significant morbidity and psychological distress. Infective dermatoses are one of the major dermatoses in children. Low socioeconomic status, overcrowding and poor personal hygiene has been linked to skin diseases.Objective To find out the prevalence of infectious skin disease in children, rate of transmissible skin disease and association of sociodemographic factors and personal hygiene on infective childhood dermatoses.Method This was a cross-sectional study conducted in the Pediatric and Dermatology Department, Manipal Teaching Hospital, Pokhara, Nepal. A total of 226 patients were examined over a period of one year. Relation of sociodemographics, crowding and personal hygiene on skin disease were assessed.Result The most common category was Infections and Infestations (51.3%) followed by Dermatitis (27.9%) . Transmissible skin disease was seen in 49.6%. Low socioeconomic status and overcrowding were associated with increased risk for infective dermatoses.Conclusion Skin disease in children constitutes a public health problem. Improving the socioeconomic status and personal hygiene can help to reduce the incidence of skin disease in children.Kathmandu University Medical Journal Vol.13(1) 2015; 29-33
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Pirsich, Wiebke, Katharina Wellner, Ludwig Theuvsen und Ramona Weinrich. „Consumer segmentation in the German meat market: purchasing habits“. International Food and Agribusiness Management Review 23, Nr. 1 (Januar 2020): 85–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.22434/ifamr2019.0020.
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Only considering consumers’ store format choice seldom provides sufficient information on their choice of the actual point of purchase for meat: self-service counter or service counter. For retailers, however, it is of crucial importance to know how meat shoppers differ in their store format choice, preferred type of meat packaging and how these differences can be explained. This paper investigates how attitudes and sociodemographics influence consumer segmentation regarding store format choice and preferred meat packaging type in the German meat market. 667 consumers were segmented based on their purchasing frequency, store format choice, and preferred type of meat packaging using cluster analysis. Then, an exploratory factor analysis examined attitudinal factors. Finally, the factors and respondents’ sociodemographics were regressed onto the consumer clusters using multinomial logistic regression. The application of appropriately adapted marketing strategies can help increase patronage in the segments.
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Alalwan, Mahmood A., Jill M. Singer und Megan E. Roberts. „Factors Associated with Quit Interest and Quit Attempts among Young Adult JUUL Users“. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, Nr. 3 (27.01.2022): 1403. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19031403.
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Despite reports suggesting young people are interested in quitting e-cigarettes, little work has examined predictors of quit outcomes. This study aimed to identify factors associated with quit outcomes among JUUL e-cigarette users in a longitudinal sample of young adults. We assessed undergraduate past-30-day JUUL users during autumn 2018 (N = 225); Our outcomes included short-term quit attempts and interest (spring 2019), and long-term quit attempts (spring 2020). We used logistic regression to examine the associations between our outcomes and JUUL use characteristics, other tobacco use, and sociodemographic factors. Findings indicated 76% of users were interested in quitting JUUL, and more than 40% reported a quit attempt. Quit outcomes were not related to sociodemographics. Short-term quit outcomes were more likely among freshmen and less likely among recent cigarillo users. Heavy JUUL users were more likely to report short- and long-term quit attempts, but JUUL device owners were less likely to report short- and long-term quit attempts. Higher nicotine dependence reduced the likelihood of a long-term quit attempt. There is a need for policy level actions that address tobacco control among this population. Findings suggest a range of unique factors that can inform such policies and programs to curb young adult e-cigarette use.
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Shih, Chun-Chuan, Lu-Hsiang Huang, Hsin-Long Lane, Chin-Chuan Tsai, Jaung-Geng Lin, Ta-Liang Chen, Chun-Chieh Yeh und Chien-Chang Liao. „Use of Folk Therapy in Taiwan: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Survey of Prevalence and Associated Factors“. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2015 (11.06.2015): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/649265.
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Background. This study investigates the prevalence of and factors associated with users of folk therapy in Taiwan.Methods. Using data from the 2005 National Health Interview Survey and the National Health Insurance Research Database, we identified 16,750 adults aged 20 years and older. Sociodemographic factors, lifestyle, medical utilization, and health behaviors were compared between people using and not using folk therapy. Adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of factors associated with folk therapy were analyzed.Results. The one-month prevalence of folk therapy use was 6.8%, which was significantly associated with ages of 30–59 years (OR = 1.98, 95% CI = 1.49–2.63), women (OR = 1.63, 95% CI = 1.40–1.90), nonindigenous population (OR = 1.90, 95% CI = 1.14–3.17), having two or more unhealthy lifestyle habits (OR = 1.51, 95% CI = 1.26–1.81), high density of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) physicians (OR = 1.40, 95% CI = 1.20–1.62), and being ill without receiving medical care in past six months (OR = 2.11, 95% CI = 1.76–2.53). Medical care utilization of TCM and Western medicine were also associated factors for folk therapy.Conclusions. The use of folk therapy is correlated with sociodemographics, lifestyle and health behaviors.
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Sardina, Angie, Alyssa Gamaldo, Jason Allaire und Keith Whitfield. „DAY-TO-DAY VARIABILITY BETWEEN AFFECT AND LEISURE ACTIVITY ENGAGEMENT IN BLACK ADULTS“. Innovation in Aging 6, Supplement_1 (01.11.2022): 201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igac059.801.
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Abstract This study examined daily variability in affect and leisure engagement, within community-dwelling Black adults (age range=50-80 years). Associations between affect and leisure engagement, and moderating sociodemographic factors, were explored. Fifty adults (78% women; M education=11.62) reported affect and leisure engagement across 8-occasions over 2-3 weeks. Participants averaged 3-leisure activities/day with more engagement in watching TV, walking, reading, and visiting others. Significant within-person variation across daily affect and domains of leisure engagement were observed. Greater negative affect was significantly associated with lower social and total leisure engagement, particularly for adults with lower levels of education (p’s<.05). Results demonstrate within-person changes in the type of leisure engagement among Black adults, with potential factors related to interconnections between affect and sociodemographics (e.g., education). This study reveals promising directions for future research to implement models estimating both between- and within-person effects of daily leisure engagement, within minority populations and across racial groups.
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Gill, Montana, Regine Haardörfer, Michael Windle und Carla J. Berg. „Risk Factors for Intimate Partner Violence and Relationships to Sexual Risk-Related Behaviors Among College Students“. Open Public Health Journal 13, Nr. 1 (26.10.2020): 559–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874944502013010559.
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Background: Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) is a major public health concern, often initially experienced in young adulthood; IPV has been associated with adverse sexual health and sexual risk outcomes. Objective: This study examined 1) correlates of experiencing Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) and 2) IPV in relation to sexual risk-related behaviors among college students. Methods: We analyzed 2016 cross-sectional survey data regarding sociodemographics, past IPV experiences, and sexual risk-related behaviors (sex after drug/alcohol use, condomless sex) among male and female students aged 18-25 from seven Georgia colleges/universities, respectively. Results: IPV victimization was associated with being Black, greater depressive symptoms, and substance use. Multivariable regression, including sociodemographic covariates, indicated that alcohol/drug use before the last sex was associated with sexual and physical aggression victimization among men (Nagelkerke R-squared=.155), but with fewer negotiation experiences and more injury experiences among women (Nagelkerke R-squared=.107). Condom less sex at last intercourse was associated with psychological aggression experiences among women (Nagelkerke R-squared=.125), but with no IPV factor among men (Nagelkerke R-squared=.188). Conclusion: The distinct relationships between IPV and sexual risk among men and women underscore the need for targeted prevention interventions.
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Bechthold, Avery C., Andres Azuero, Frank Puga, Deborah B. Ejem, Erin E. Kent, Katherine A. Ornstein, Sigrid L. Ladores et al. „What Is Most Important to Family Caregivers When Helping Patients Make Treatment-Related Decisions: Findings from a National Survey“. Cancers 15, Nr. 19 (29.09.2023): 4792. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers15194792.
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Prioritizing patient values—who/what matters most—is central to palliative care and critical to treatment decision making. Yet which factors are most important to family caregivers in these decisions remains understudied. Using data from a U.S. national survey of cancer caregivers (N = 1661), we examined differences in factors considered very important by caregivers when partnering with patients in cancer treatment decision making by cancer stage and caregiver sociodemographics. Fifteen factors were rated on a 4-point Likert-scale from ‘very unimportant’ to ‘very important.’ Descriptive statistics were used to characterize caregiver factors and tabulate proportions of importance for each. Generalized linear mixed effect modeling was used to examine the importance of factors by cancer stage, and chi-square analyses were performed to determine associations between caregiver sociodemographics and the five most commonly endorsed factors: quality of life (69%), physical well-being (68%), length of life (66%), emotional well-being (63%), and opinions/feelings of oncology team (59%). Significant associations (all p’s < 0.05) of small magnitude were found between the most endorsed factors and caregiver age, race, gender, and ethnicity, most especially ‘opinions/feelings of the oncology team’. Future work is needed to determine the best timing and approach for eliciting and effectively incorporating caregiver values and preferences into shared treatment decision making.
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Gilson, Sarah F., Craig A. Umscheid, Neda Laiteerapong, Graeme Ossey, Kenneth J. Nunes und Sachin D. Shah. „Growth of Ambulatory Virtual Visits and Differential Use by Patient Sociodemographics at One Urban Academic Medical Center During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Retrospective Analysis“. JMIR Medical Informatics 8, Nr. 12 (04.12.2020): e24544. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/24544.
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Background Despite widespread interest in the use of virtual (ie, telephone and video) visits for ambulatory patient care during the COVID-19 pandemic, studies examining their adoption during the pandemic by race, sex, age, or insurance are lacking. Moreover, there have been limited evaluations to date of the impact of these sociodemographic factors on the use of telephone versus video visits. Such assessments are crucial to identify, understand, and address differences in care delivery across patient populations, particularly those that could affect access to or quality of care. Objective The aim of this study was to examine changes in ambulatory visit volume and type (ie, in-person vs virtual and telephone vs video visits) by patient sociodemographics during the COVID-19 pandemic at one urban academic medical center. Methods We compared volumes and patient sociodemographics (age, sex, race, insurance) for visits during the first 11 weeks following the COVID-19 national emergency declaration (March 15 to May 31, 2020) to visits in the corresponding weeks in 2019. Additionally, for visits during the COVID-19 study period, we examined differences in visit type (ie, in-person versus virtual, and telephone versus video visits) by sociodemographics using multivariate logistic regression. Results Total visit volumes in the COVID-19 study period comprised 51.4% of the corresponding weeks in 2019 (n=80,081 vs n=155,884 visits). Although patient sociodemographics between the COVID-19 study period in 2020 and the corresponding weeks in 2019 were similar, 60.5% (n=48,475) of the visits were virtual, compared to 0% in 2019. Of the virtual visits, 61.2% (n=29,661) were video based, and 38.8% (n=18,814) were telephone based. In the COVID-19 study period, virtual (vs in-person) visits were more likely among patients with race categorized as other (vs White) and patients with Medicare (vs commercial) insurance and less likely for men, patients aged 0-17 years, 65-74 years, or ≥75 years (compared to patients aged 18-45 years), and patients with Medicaid insurance or insurance categorized as other. Among virtual visits, compared to telephone visits, video visits were more likely to be adopted by patients aged 0-17 years (vs 18-45 years), but less likely for all other age groups, men, Black (vs White) patients, and patients with Medicare or Medicaid (vs commercial) insurance. Conclusions Virtual visits comprised the majority of ambulatory visits during the COVID-19 study period, of which a majority were by video. Sociodemographic differences existed in the use of virtual versus in-person and video versus telephone visits. To ensure equitable care delivery, we present five policy recommendations to inform the further development of virtual visit programs and their reimbursement.
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Myers, Sara, Ann H. Partridge, Laura Elizabeth Warren, Rachel Adams Greenup, Elizabeth A. Mittendorf, Tari A. King und Olga Kantor. „Relationship between receipt of combined axillary dissection and nodal irradiation and age.“ Journal of Clinical Oncology 42, Nr. 16_suppl (01.06.2024): 11043. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2024.42.16_suppl.11043.
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11043 Background: Combined axillary lymph node dissection and regional nodal irradiation (ALND+RNI) is the greatest risk factor for breast cancer-related lymphedema (BCRL), a lifelong ailment that negatively impacts quality of life. As disability from BCRL may be particularly profound for adults <45 yo with longer life expectancy, we examined the association of age and other sociodemographics with receipt of ALND+RNI to further our understanding of patients at greatest risk for BCRL. Methods: The National Cancer Database (NCDB) was used to examine age-based differences in receipt of ALND+RNI in patients with stage I-III breast cancer treated from 2018-2020. Cohort characteristics were compared by age (<45 yo, 45-64 yo, and 65 yo). Multivariable regression examined the association between age and ALND+RNI adjusting for relevant factors. Sensitivity analyses explored associations between covariates and combined ALND+RNI by age group. Results: Of 155,010 patients, 5.4% were <45 yo, 47.2% were 45-64 yo, and 47.4% were 65 yo. Clinical and pathological node (cN, pN) positive disease, and receipt of ALND, RNI, and ALND+RNI were more common in patients <45 yo (Table). Age <45 yo was independently associated with ALND+RNI (<45 yo OR 1.40; 45-64 yo OR 1.26 vs 65, p<0.001). Residing in areas with a high proportion of high-school graduates (%HSG), Hispanic ethnicity but not race, and lower income were also associated with ALND+RNI in adjusted analyses (all p<0.05). Medicare (p=0.02 vs private insurance) was inversely associated with ALND+RNI. Among clinical factors, pN+ was the greatest risk factor for receipt of ALND+RNI (all p<0.001 vs pN0). Higher cT, cN1 and cN2 categories, lobular tumors, mastectomy, not receiving endocrine therapy, and having chemotherapy were also associated with ALND+ RNI (all p<0.05). Sensitivity analyses showed that while sociodemographics influenced receipt of ALND+RNI for women 45 yos, only clinical factors were significant for ALND+RNI for <45 yo. Among 45-64 yo, high %HSG (p<0.001) and low household incomes (p<0.01) were associated with ALND+RNI. In the 65 yo cohort, high %HSG (p=0.028), and Asian race (p=0.011) were more likely to receive ALND+RNI while Medicare patients were less likely to have ALND+RNI (p=0.012). Conclusions: Our findings suggests that clinical factors predominate in axillary treatment decisions for younger patients; while sociodemographic factors are more prominent for those 45 yo. Given their higher odds of receiving ALND+RNI, BCRL screening may be especially important in patients <45 yo. Further studies are needed to understand the interplay between age and sociodemographics on receipt of ALND+RNI. [Table: see text]
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Perez, Lilian G., Terry L. Conway, Adrian Bauman, Jacqueline Kerr, John P. Elder, Elva M. Arredondo und James F. Sallis. „Sociodemographic Moderators of Environment–Physical Activity Associations: Results From the International Prevalence Study“. Journal of Physical Activity and Health 15, Nr. 1 (01.01.2018): 22–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jpah.2017-0163.
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Background: Associations between the built environment and physical activity (PA) may vary by sociodemographic factors. However, such evidence from international studies is limited. This study tested the moderating effects of sociodemographic factors on associations between perceived environment and self-reported total PA among adults from the International Prevalence Study. Methods: Between 2002 and 2003, adults from 9 countries (N = 10,258) completed surveys assessing total PA (International Physical Activity Questionnaire-short), perceived environment, and sociodemographics (age, gender, and education). Total PA was dichotomized as meeting/not meeting (a) high PA levels and (b) minimum PA guidelines. Logistic models tested environment by sociodemographic interactions (24 total). Results: Education and gender moderated the association between safety from crime and meeting high PA levels (interaction P < .05), with inverse associations found only among the high education group and men. Education and gender also moderated associations of safety from crime and the presence of transit stops with meeting minimum PA guidelines (interaction P < .05), with positive associations found for safety from crime only among women and presence of transit stops only among men and the high education group. Conclusions: The limited number of moderating effects found provides support for population-wide environment–PA associations. International efforts to improve built environments are needed to promote health-enhancing PA and maintain environmental sustainability.
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Liew, Seaw Jia, John Tayu Lee, Chuen Seng Tan, Choon Huat Gerald Koh, Rob Van Dam und Falk Müller-Riemenschneider. „Sociodemographic factors in relation to hypertension prevalence, awareness, treatment and control in a multi-ethnic Asian population: a cross-sectional study“. BMJ Open 9, Nr. 5 (Mai 2019): e025869. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-025869.
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ObjectivesLiterature suggested that multi-ethnic Western populations experienced differential hypertension outcomes, but evidence is limited in Asia. This study was aimed to determine sociodemographic correlates of hypertension and its awareness, treatment and control among a multi-ethnic Asian population living in Singapore.SettingWe used cross-sectional data of participants from the Multi-Ethnic Cohort (MEC) (n=14 530) recruited in Singapore between 2004 and 2010.ParticipantsParticipants who completed questionnaire and attended health examination, without cardiovascular diseases, cancer, stroke, renal failure, asthma and mental illnesses were included in the study. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to determine sociodemographics factors associated with hypertension, unawareness of having hypertension, untreated and uncontrolled hypertension.ResultsAmong 10 215 participants (47.2% Chinese, 26.0% Malay and 26.8% Indian), hypertension prevalence was estimated to be 31.1%. Older age, Malay ethnicity, male, lower educational level and being homemaker or retired/unemployed were factors significantly associated with hypertension. Stratified analysis suggested that age and education were consistently associated with hypertension across all ethnic groups. The proportions of being unaware, untreated and uncontrolled were 49.0%, 25.2% and 62.4%, respectively. Ethnicity and younger age were associated with unawareness; younger age, male and lower educational level were associated with untreated hypertension and older age was associated with uncontrolled hypertension.ConclusionsIn this study, ethnic differences in relation to hypertension were associated with sociodemographic variability in ethnic groups. Age and educational level were consistent correlates of hypertension in all ethnic groups. Unawareness and uncontrolled hypertension were common in this Asian population and associated with sociodemographic factors. More targeted strategies may be required to overcome the observed disparities.
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Lin, Snow Yunni, Jian Han Tan, Brenda Xian Hui Tay, John Paul Chern Shwen Koh, Lei Siew, Marcus Cher Hean Teo, Jeremy Yen Chin Tan und Saima Hilal. „Exploring the Socio-Demographic and Psychosocial Factors That Enhance Resilience in the COVID-19 Crisis“. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, Nr. 19 (01.10.2022): 12580. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191912580.
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The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has greatly affected mental health worldwide. This study aimed to identify sociodemographic and psychosocial factors that influence the level of resilience among Singaporeans amidst the pandemic. An online questionnaire was administered to Singaporeans and permanent residents aged 21 and above. The online questionnaire collected information on sociodemographics, infection, and contact with COVID-19. Psychosocial variables—specifically optimism, self-efficacy, hope, and resilience—were also assessed through validated questionnaires. A total of 404 responses were collected in this study. Men were reported to have higher resilience compared to women (28.13 vs. 25.54, p-value < 0.001). Married individuals were observed to have higher resilience compared to their single counterparts (27.92 vs. 25.77, p-value < 0.001). Interestingly, participants who knew of family members/friends who had contracted COVID-19 were reported to be more resilient than those who did not (28.09 vs. 26.19, p-value = 0.013). Optimism, self-efficacy, and hope were also found to be associated with higher resilience (p-value < 0.001). In conclusion, one’s sex, marital status, contact with COVID-19, level of optimism, self-efficacy, and hope were shown to significantly affect resilience. Given the long-drawn nature of the COVID-19 pandemic, interventions should aim to improve optimism, self-efficacy, and hopefulness in the community.
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Wells, Stephanie J., Brandon Douglas Brown, Kris Michael Mahadeo, Keri L. Schadler, Joya Chandra, Michael D. Swartz und Maria Chang Swartz. „Pre-COVID-19 food insecurity prevalence and risk factors in caregivers of pediatric cancer patients at a children’s cancer hospital.“ Journal of Clinical Oncology 38, Nr. 29_suppl (10.10.2020): 205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2020.38.29_suppl.205.
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205 Background: Food insecurity (FI) affects 1 in 5 US households with children and is associated with malnutrition and poor diet quality in children. Malnutrition negatively impacts clinical trial outcomes, chemotherapy tolerance, and survival rate in cancer patients, who may be at higher FI risk given the financial toxicity of treatment. Thus, we aimed to assess FI prevalence and sociodemographics of pediatric patient caregivers at MD Anderson Cancer Center Children’s Cancer Hospital (MDACC-CCH) and to identify healthcare provider sociodemographics and FI practice considerations. Methods: We surveyed caregivers and providers at MDACC-CCH anonymously from December 2019 to January 2020. Caregiver surveys included sociodemographics and The Hunger Vital Sign FI screening tool. Oncologists and other providers were surveyed on FI-related practice considerations. Univariate relationships between known covariates and FI were explored using purposeful covariate selection and multivariable logistic regression to model variables associated with FI risk factors. Results: Baseline characteristics are listed in Table. Of 67 caregiver responses, 36% were positive for FI. Univariate analyses revealed that race, education level, spousal/child support, marital status, and household income were associated with FI status. Final logistic regression model indicated that race other than Non-Hispanic White and lower education level were positively associated with FI. Of 38 provider responses, 58% reported being knowledgeable about FI to some extent. No providers referred patients to community food access resources. Conclusions: In a small pilot study, FI is prevalent in families of pediatric cancer patients at MDACC-CCH and may be associated with race and education level. Further research is needed to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on FI in this population and to determine appropriate interventions and clinical pathways to improve FI status. [Table: see text]
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Sinai, Tali, Rachel Axelrod, Tal Shimony, Mona Boaz und Vered Kaufman-Shriqui. „Dietary Patterns among Adolescents Are Associated with Growth, Socioeconomic Features, and Health-Related Behaviors“. Foods 10, Nr. 12 (08.12.2021): 3054. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods10123054.
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Dietary patterns (DPs), usually established in adolescents, are important modifiable risk factors in the etiology of malnutrition and chronic diseases. This study aimed to identify DPs of adolescents and examine their associations with growth, sociodemographic, and lifestyle characteristics. A nationally representative, school-based, cross-sectional study was conducted in Israeli adolescents aged 11–18 years during 2015–2016. A self-administered survey queried sociodemographics, health behaviors, and diet. Weight and height were measured, and WHO height z-scores and BMI cutoffs were calculated. Food frequency questionnaire data were analyzed using principal components analysis (PCA) to identify DPs. Associations between growth, lifestyle, and sociodemographic characteristics and DPs were modeled using multivariable logistic regressions. A total of 3902 adolescents (46% males, mean age 15.2 ± 1.6 years) completed the survey. PCA identified five DPs, accounting for 38.3% of the total variance. The first two prominent DPs were the ‘plant-based food’ DP, which was associated with the female sex, higher socioeconomic status, overweight/obesity, and healthy lifestyle and the ‘junk food’ DP, which was associated with lower SES, unhealthy lifestyle, and lower height z-scores. Our results elucidate major DPs that strongly correlate with lifestyle risk behaviors and suboptimal growth among adolescents. Implementing screening for DPs should be further examined to identify higher risk health factors among youth.
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You, Kai-Lin, Rebecca K. Delaney, Natalie McKinley, Pat Healy und Teresa H. Thomas. „Who Engages and Why It Matters?“ International Journal of Gaming and Computer-Mediated Simulations 15, Nr. 1 (13.01.2023): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijgcms.316968.
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While the use and benefits of serious games in health care are increasingly recognized, the impact of individuals' game engagement remains understudied, limiting the potential for impact. This pilot study aims to describe game engagement and its associations with learning outcomes, sociodemographics, and health factors in women with advanced cancer receiving a 12-week self-advocacy serious game intervention. Game engagement was collected from study tablets and weekly self-reported surveys. Participants' game engagement was overall high but with large amounts of variation and did not differ by their sociodemographics and health factors. Participants with lower baseline symptom severity were more likely to repeat game scenarios, and those who engaged in all scenarios had higher connected strength post-intervention. Knowing what prevents patients with advanced cancer from engaging in the serious game enlightens ways to refine the gamified interventions. Future research is suggested to evaluate patients' engagement to deepen understanding of its impacts on learning outcomes.
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Erk, Mehmet Aykut, und Sunay Firat. „Types of Medication-Assisted Treatment for Opioid Use Disorder in Turkey: The Perceptions of Inpatients about Treatment Success“. Psychiatry Investigation 17, Nr. 12 (25.12.2020): 1182–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.30773/pi.2020.0307.
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Objective The aim of this study was the following. When the different dynamics of agonist or antagonist treatments considered it is assumed that the eligible treatment to the individual may be maintained with high efficacy. Thus, we aimed to examine the difference between treatment methods, considering sociodemographics and positive perception for treatment success.Methods The number of 136 individuals which their ages range between 19–50 and have been getting agonist (buprenorphine/naloxone) or antagonist (naltrexone) treatment because of opioid use disorder while resting in clinics have been evaluated to reveal the factors that may alter their perception about treatment and have been compared with sociodemographic variables and characteristics such as sociotropic and autonomic. Therefore, “Sociodemographic Data Evaluation Form,” “Predictive Factors for The Addiction Treatment Success Scale,” and “Sociotropy-Autonomy Scale” were used to assess the sociodemographic data, the perception towards factors which have been affected to the treatment and characteristics. The data of the individuals have been collected by the researcher via face-to-face interviews while patients were residential in the clinic.Results According to results of our study, it has been detected that there are some differences in the perception of treatment success between individuals who have been getting agonist or antagonist treatments such as treatment method (p<0.05), treatment frequency (p<0.01) and parents’ vital statuses (p<0.05).Conclusion At the end of the study it has been understood that medical and social benefits after the selection of eligible treatment methods which is suitable for individual’s perception and characteristics have to be considered.
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Perry, B. I., G. M. Khandaker, S. Marwaha, A. Thompson, S. Zammit, S. P. Singh und R. Upthegrove. „Insulin resistance and obesity, and their association with depression in relatively young people: findings from a large UK birth cohort“. Psychological Medicine 50, Nr. 4 (11.03.2019): 556–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291719000308.
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AbstractBackgroundDepression frequently co-occurs with disorders of glucose and insulin homeostasis (DGIH) and obesity. Low-grade systemic inflammation and lifestyle factors in childhood may predispose to DGIH, obesity and depression. We aim to investigate the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations among DGIH, obesity and depression, and to examine the effect of demographics, lifestyle factors and antecedent low-grade inflammation on such associations in young people.MethodsUsing the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children birth cohort, we used regression analyses to examine: (1) cross-sectional and (2) longitudinal associations between measures of DGIH [insulin resistance (IR); impaired glucose tolerance] and body mass index (BMI) at ages 9 and 18 years, and depression (depressive symptoms and depressive episode) at age 18 years and (3) whether sociodemographics, lifestyle factors or inflammation [interleukin-6 (IL-6) at age 9 years] confounded any such associations.ResultsWe included 3208 participants. At age 18 years, IR and BMI were positively associated with depression. These associations may be explained by sociodemographic and lifestyle factors. There were no longitudinal associations between DGIH/BMI and depression, and adjustment for IL-6 and C-reactive protein did not attenuate associations between IR/BMI and depression; however, the longitudinal analyses may have been underpowered.ConclusionsYoung people with depression show evidence of DGIH and raised BMI, which may be related to sociodemographic and lifestyle effects such as deprivation, smoking, ethnicity and gender. In future, studies with larger samples are required to confirm this. Preventative strategies for the poorer physical health outcomes associated with depression should focus on malleable lifestyle factors.
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Bechthold, Avery C., Andres Azuero, Deborah Ejem, Frank Puga, Erin E. Kent, Katherine Ornstein, Sigrid Ladores et al. „Factors reported by family caregivers when partnering with patients in cancer treatment-related decision-making: Analysis of national survey data.“ JCO Oncology Practice 19, Nr. 11_suppl (November 2023): 217. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/op.2023.19.11_suppl.217.
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217 Background: Patient values (who/what matters most) are integral to cancer treatment decision-making, yet which factors matter most to family caregivers (FCG) remains understudied. To address this gap, we examined differences in factors considered very important by FCGs during cancer treatment decision-making by cancer stage and by FCG sociodemographics. Methods: Analysis of an internet-based 2021 U.S. national survey data of cancer FCGs (N=1,661) conducted by CancerCare. Factors were assessed using the following item: "When you were participating in making this [treatment] decision, how important to you were these factors regarding the person with cancer?" Fifteen factors were rated on a 4-point Likert scale from ‘very unimportant’ to ‘very important’, including patient-focused factors (e.g., quality of life, length of life, functional independence), caregiver-focused factors (e.g., impact on own daily life, own religious/spiritual beliefs), and other-focused factors (e.g., opinions/feelings of other family members/friends). Descriptive statistics and proportions were tabulated for each factor. Generalized linear mixed effect models tested factor importance endorsement by cancer stage (in remission vs. stages I/II vs. stages III/IV) and chi-square analyses determined associations between FCG sociodemographics and each of the most frequently endorsed factors, with adjustment for multiple inferences. Results: The five most important factors endorsed by FCGs were the patient’s quality of life (69%), physical wellbeing (68%), length of life (66%), emotional wellbeing (63%), and opinions/feelings of oncology team (59%). In factor endorsement comparisons by cancer stage, patient’s physical well-being, length of life, ability to continue working, ability to care for others, and the opinions/feelings of the oncology team were more often endorsed as very important by FCGs in the context of early-stage cancers (all p’s <0.05). FCG age, race, gender, and ethnicity had small, significant associations with endorsement of different factors as ‘very important’, most especially towards “opinions/feelings of the oncology team” (all p’s <0.05). Conclusions: Cancer FCGs identified patient’s quality of life, physical wellbeing, and length of life as the most important factors when partnering with their care recipients in cancer treatment decision-making. Several factors were perceived as less important in the context of later stage cancers, and there were notable differences in factors by FCG sociodemographic characteristics, particularly towards the opinions/feelings of the oncology team. Future decision support work is needed to identify the best timing (i.e., prior to vs. during clinic visits) and method (i.e., alone vs. facilitated) to elicit what matters most to patients and FCGs given existing clinical practice demands.
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Dracup, Kathleen, und Debra K. Moser. „Beyond sociodemographics: Factors influencing the decision to seek treatment for symptoms of acute myocardial infarction“. Heart & Lung 26, Nr. 4 (Juli 1997): 253–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0147-9563(97)90082-0.
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Planas, P., R. Català, C. Madrid, S. Eduard und S. Lira. „Metabolic Risk Factors in a Schizophrenic Community Sample (vallès Oriental, Catalonia, Spain)“. European Psychiatry 24, S1 (Januar 2009): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(09)71418-x.
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Introduction:Life expectancy for individuals with schizophrenia is 20% lower than in general population. Medical illnesses, psychiatric comorbidities, less access to care, poverty and limited perception of illness are some of the most important factors associated with increased risk of morbidity. Cardiovascular death (CVD) is a major contributor to increased mortality in schizophrenia 2,3. Prevalence of obesity in patients with schizophrenia (40%-60%) is twice the rate of the general population (20%-30%). Obesity, high abdominal perimeter, serum lipid levels, and smoking are significant, Independent Risk Factors for CVD.Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of metabolic disturbances, which is associated with an increased risk of CVD.Objective:To estimate the prevalence of CVRF in schizophrenic outpatients treated at Granollers' CSM.Methods:Cross-sectional descriptive study about 100 schizophrenic outpatients treated at CSM Granollers. Data on sociodemographics, physical examinations, blood test parameters, CVRF history and treatments are recorded. Each CVRF is established according to international criteria and/or pharmacological treatment.Secondary objectives:•Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome;•Antipsychotic drugs treatment.Variables - Sociodemographic data and Schizophrenia diagnosis:•Physical examination;•Lab parameters;•Other CV risk factors (smoking, alcohol intake…).Results and conlusions:Estimated prevalences for most of the CVRF in schizophrenic outpatients are, in general, higher than those expected of the same age group in the general population. Data presented can support therapeutic decision-making and suggests a need of new prevention and monitoring strategies. New guidelines for monitoring and intervention will be needed for monitoring and intervention.
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Lee, Myung Kyung, und Jihyun Oh. „Health-Related Quality of Life in Older Adults: Its Association with Health Literacy, Self-Efficacy, Social Support, and Health-Promoting Behavior“. Healthcare 8, Nr. 4 (16.10.2020): 407. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare8040407.
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This cross-sectional study aimed to explore the relationships among sociodemographics, health literacy, self-efficacy, social support, health-promoting behavior, and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in older adults. A total of 240 older adults aged >65 years were recruited from three community senior welfare centers in South Korea. Standardized self-administered questionnaires measuring sociodemographic characteristics, health literacy, social support, self-efficacy, health-promoting behavior, and health-related quality of life were distributed to older adults. Multiple regression analyses with stepwise selection was used to determine the factors affecting health-related quality of life. Factors affecting a higher physical component score of HRQOL were a higher comprehension level of and numeracy in health literacy, physical health-promoting behavior, perceived emotional-informational support, and a lesser number of comorbidities. Factors affecting a higher mental component score of HRQOL were a higher comprehension level of and numeracy in health literacy, self-efficacy, physical health-promoting behavior, perceived emotional-informational support, and a lesser number of comorbidities. To improve HRQOL among older adults, nursing interventions are required to measure health literacy, empower physical health-promoting behavior and self-efficacy, and enhance emotional-informational support from family or other resources.
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Berglas, Nancy F., Katherine Hucles, Norman A. Constantine, Petra Jerman und Louise A. Rohrbach. „Predisposing, enabling and need-for-care predictors of adolescents’ intention to use sexual health services“. Sexual Health 13, Nr. 6 (2016): 540. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sh16061.
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Background: The study aimed to understand the influence of predisposing, enabling and need-for-care factors on adolescents’ intention to use sexual health services, using Andersen’s Behavioural Model of Health Service Utilisation to organise and test these factors. Methods: A sample of predominantly Hispanic teens (n = 600) in Los Angeles, California completed a self-report survey about their sexual health knowledge, beliefs, intentions, and behaviours. Hierarchical regression modelling was used to examine the incremental influences on adolescents’ intention to use sexual health services of: 1) predisposing sociodemographic factors; 2) predisposing knowledge and beliefs about sexual health; 3) enabling factors regarding perceived access to sexual health services; and 4) a need-for-care factor (sexual experience). Results: Adolescents reported high intentions to use sexual health services (3.25 on a 4-point scale), yet only 42% reported knowing where to access services. Sexual health knowledge and beliefs significantly predicted adolescents’ intention to use services beyond the effect of sociodemographics (P < 0.001). Enabling factors indicating awareness of and importance attributed to accessibility significantly predicted intention to use services incremental to predisposing factors (P < 0.001). However, need for care – that is, sexual experience – was not statistically associated with intention to use services (P = 0.402). Conclusions: Sexual health interventions are needed to provide sexual health information, promote positive beliefs about health care, and ensure adolescents’ awareness of and access to sexual health services.
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Pedroso, Tássia Ghissoni, Angélica da Silva Araújo, Maria Tereza Signorini Santos, Sueli Aparecida Frari Galera und Lucilene Cardoso. „Caregiver burden and stress in psychiatric hospital admission“. Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem 72, Nr. 6 (Dezember 2019): 1699–706. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2018-0832.
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ABSTRACT Objective: to evaluate the relation between sociodemographics factors, stress and burden of care of family caregivers of patients at a psychiatric hospital admission. Method: quantitative study, with a cross-sectional correlation design. A total of 112 family caregivers participated, older than 18, in a Brazilian psychiatric hospital. A sociodemographic questionnaire was used to collect data, the Zarit Burden Interview and LIPP Adult Stress Symptom Inventory. Results: burden of care in family caregivers at a psychiatric hospital admission was significantly associated with stress (p=0.000). The psychological symptoms of stress predicted severe burden. Most caregivers presented a moderate or severe burden, with 52.7% in the resistance phase of stress; 66.1% presented psychological symptoms. Conclusion: results show the alarming situation of caregivers of patients from a psychiatric hospital, evidencing their own vulnerability to illness. Indeed, the during admission in a psychiatric hospital, not only patients need care, but also their caregivers.
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Alrwajfah, Moayad, Fernando Almeida-García und Rafael Cortés-Macías. „Residents’ Perceptions and Satisfaction toward Tourism Development: A Case Study of Petra Region, Jordan“. Sustainability 11, Nr. 7 (30.03.2019): 1907. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11071907.
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This study investigates whether local residents’ sociodemographics and community attachment can influence their perceptions toward the impact of tourism (economic, environmental, and sociocultural effects) and, further, whether these perceptions influence their satisfaction with local tourism management. The perceptions of 467 residents were surveyed from six communities in the region of Petra, Jordan. The results of a regression analysis indicate that the respondents’ sociodemographics and community attachment influence their perceptions of the impacts of tourism. Gender and distance from tourist sites are found to be very important factors that influence local residents’ perceptions. In addition, the perceived economic impact is the most important aspect for these respondents, and perceived negative impacts do not significantly influence their satisfaction. Suggestions for future studies in the region and possible implications are discussed.
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Pérez-Rojo, G., J. López und C. Noriega. „FC28: Protective factors to older adult loneliness“. International Psychogeriatrics 35, S1 (Dezember 2023): 90–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1041610223001266.
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Background:Most studies about older adults´ loneliness are related to risk factors that increase the probability of loneliness and its negative consequences. These issues are linked with the negative traditional perspective of aging that focuses on decline, illness, and dependency. Although the probability of these conditions increases with age, current older adults age in better conditions than years ago. Positive Psychology is a new perspective that focuses on people´s strengths as protective factors of mental and physical health, including older people. Considering the negative consequences of loneliness in older adults, knowing the factors that may protect older adults from loneliness is needed.Research Objective:This study aimed to analyse whether sociodemographics, physical, mental or social characteristics act as protective factors against older adults´ loneliness. Method: 274 Spanish people aged 65 and over completed an online survey that included sociodemographic information (sex, age), perceived health, quality of life, anxiety, depression, family functioning, gratitude, experiential avoidance, purpose of life, personal growth, and resilience. Loneliness was assessed using the Spanish version of the Three-Item Loneliness (Hughes et al., 2004). The average age was 70.46 (SD= 4.42) and 61.7% were women (N= 169) and 55.1% were married (N= 151). A regression model was tested.Results:The results point out that women show higher scores on loneliness than men. The more loneliness, the lower perceived health, quality of life, family functioning, gratitude, life purpose, personal growth and resilience were. In contrast, the more loneliness the more experiential avoidance, anxiety, and depression. The regression model showed that depression (β = 0.202; p≤ .01), family functioning (β = -0.385; p≤ .001), experiential avoidance (β = 0.318; p≤ .001) and personal growth (β = 0.152; p≤ .01) were the best predictors of loneliness. This model explained 44.3% of variance.Conclusion:Considering the Positive Psychology perspective when studying older adults´ loneliness is needed. This perspective focuses on older adults´ protective factors and not only on risk factors as a target for prevention and intervention programs that aim to reduce loneliness. Building a more resilient older adults group population may help them to cope with adversities like loneliness.
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Eom, Kirsten Yuna, und Amy J. Davidoff. „Assessing survival effects of persistent poverty and payer status in non-elderly adults with lung or breast cancer.“ Journal of Clinical Oncology 42, Nr. 16_suppl (01.06.2024): 1608. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2024.42.16_suppl.1608.
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1608 Background: Persistent poverty (PP), defined as area poverty ≥20% over 30 years has been associated with increased cancer incidence and worse survival. We examined 1) whether residing in a PP area has larger survival effects than areas with similar contemporary poverty rates; 2) whether adjusting for sociodemographics and payer status reduces PP effects; and 3) whether effects differ for relatively poor (lung and bronchus, LCa) vs good prognosis (female breast; BrCa) cancers. Methods: We used Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) data linked to Medicaid and Medicare enrollment records (2007-2013), with census-tract level indicators for PP and current poverty (CP) as of 2010. We selected adults aged 19-64, diagnosed with LCa or BrCa. We created a hierarchical poverty status measure (PP, CP>20%, CP 10-20%, CP <10%). Primary payer at diagnosis (SEER) was edited using Medicaid and Medicare enrollment records. Covariates include patient sociodemographics (including age, race, sex (LCa only), marital status), rurality, and region. We used Cox proportional hazard models to estimate effects of poverty status and payer on survival, starting with a limited Model I (poverty status, rurality, and cancer stage), adding sociodemographics, region, and diagnosis year (Model II), plus primary payer (Model III). Results: Among LCa (BrCa) 8.8% (5.3%) of 70,964 (246,405) patients lived in PP areas, with 19.1% (13.7%) in areas with CP >20%; primary payers included 51.9% (75.0%) private, 28.7% (16.9%) Medicaid, and 3.1% (1.1%) uninsured. For both cancers, adjusted hazard of death increased with increasing poverty levels; PP areas showed the highest risk (table). The magnitude of the poverty gradient was smaller for LCa vs BrCa. Adjusting for sociodemographic measures and primary payer reduced the magnitude of poverty status effects, particularly for BrCa. Conclusions: We observed significant but distinct associations of poverty status, including PP, with survival for non-elderly adults with LCa and BrCa. With better prognosis, BrCa patients have longer exposure to PP, which may increase the impact on outcomes. Person-level characteristics and health insurance are also key factors affecting care access and survival. These results highlight the need to consider both area context and personal socioeconomic characteristics when targeting and evaluating interventions to enhance survival outcomes. [Table: see text]
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Ceballos, Albanita Gomes da Costa de, und Gustavo Barreto Santos. „Factors associated with musculoskeletal pain among teachers: sociodemographics aspects, general health and well-being at work“. Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia 18, Nr. 3 (September 2015): 702–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1980-5497201500030015.
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INTRODUCTION: Musculoskeletal pain is one of the most frequent complaints among teachers, compromising their health and quality of life. OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence of musculoskeletal pain among teachers, assessing their occurrence according to sociodemographic characteristics, general health and well-being at work. METHODS: An exploratory cross-sectional study conducted with 525 teachers. During activities of continuing education, the teachers completed a self-administered questionnaire containing questions about sociodemographic factors, general health, well-being at work and musculoskeletal pain. RESULTS: The overall prevalence of musculoskeletal pain was equal to 73.5%. The most common musculoskeletal pains were localized in the shoulders (31.6%), upper back (27.8%), neck (27.2%) and ankles and/or feet (24.0%). Circulatory and respiratory problems and Common Mental Disorders were associated with pain in the shoulders, upper back, neck and ankles and/or feet. Well- being at work is associated with pain in the shoulders, neck and ankles and/or feet. CONCLUSION: It is necessary to deepen the knowledge about musculoskeletal pain among teachers, exploring the biological, ergonomic, occupational and psychosocial mechanisms of teaching, as well as invest in practices that improve the relationship of coexistence between workers and activities that enhance the comfort and reduce referred pain.
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Bruening, Meg, Kevin Afuso und Maureen Mason. „Associations of Eating Two Breakfasts With Childhood Overweight Status, Sociodemographics, and Parental Factors Among Preschool Students“. Health Education & Behavior 43, Nr. 6 (09.07.2016): 665–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1090198116629421.
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Background. School breakfast may contribute to increased risk for obesity because children may be consuming two breakfasts: at home and at school. The purpose of this study is to determine the prevalence of preschoolers consuming two breakfasts and to assess relationships with overweight/obesity and other factors. Method. Head Start parents ( n = 273, 84.6% Hispanic) in the southwest completed cross-sectional surveys on child breakfast patterns and parental perceptions of school breakfast and personal breakfast consumption habits. Surveys were linked with sociodemographics and body mass index in Head Start databases in 2013. General estimating equation binomial models (schools as a random effect) were used to assess the relationship between two breakfasts (at home and school) and key variables, adjusting for gender, race, ethnicity, and household income. Results. The prevalence of consuming two breakfasts was 34%. Children’s overweight/obesity status was inversely related to two-breakfast consumption, but it was significant only for the Hispanic subgroup; the odds of being overweight/obese was 60% lower among those who ate two breakfasts ( p < .05). The likelihood of consuming a second breakfast increased over twofold among children who woke up before 7 a.m. ( p = .004). Among Hispanic families, a significant association was observed between children’s two-breakfast consumption and parental perceptions about whether they perceived the breakfast at Head Start was culturally appropriate ( p = .040). Conclusions. Not only was eating two breakfast not associated with obesity, the association was in the opposite of the expected direction and significant for Hispanic participants. Factors such as earlier wake-up time were related to reports of two breakfast intake. While more research is needed, these findings provide information for policy makers and practitioners; caution should be exercised when suggesting that breakfast programs may be related to the consumption of two breakfasts and the risk for childhood obesity, particularly among the preschool students in this study.
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Mulrooney, E., T. Neogi, H. Dagfinrud, H. B. Hammer, P. S. Pettersen, T. L. Gaarden, K. Engedal, T. K. Kvien, K. Magnusson und I. K. Haugen. „Sociodemographics, comorbidities and psychological factors and their associations with pain & pain sensitization in hand osteoarthritis“. Osteoarthritis and Cartilage 28 (April 2020): S424—S425. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joca.2020.02.658.
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O’Connor, Kathleen, Maria Stoecklin-Marois und Marc B. Schenker. „Examining Nervios Among Immigrant Male Farmworkers in the MICASA Study: Sociodemographics, Housing Conditions and Psychosocial Factors“. Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health 17, Nr. 1 (20.06.2013): 198–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10903-013-9859-8.
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Haque, M. Atiqul, Afifa Anjum, Sabrina Mousum, Marium Salwa, Zubair Ahmed Ratan, Md Maruf Haque Khan, Mohammad Tanvir Islam, Helal Uddin Ahmed, Md Robed Amin und Mohammad Abdullah Al Mamun. „Prevalence of and factors associated with depression, anxiety and stress among adolescents in Bangladesh during the COVID-19 pandemic: A population-based study“. F1000Research 12 (23.06.2023): 730. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.132304.1.
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Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has brought significant mental health challenges among adolescents in Bangladesh. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of and associated factors of depression, anxiety and stress among adolescents of Bangladesh during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: This cross-sectional study used a two-stage cluster sampling procedure for collecting the sample. A total of 2030 adolescents were enrolled from urban and rural areas of all eight administrative divisions of Bangladesh. The Depression, Anxiety, and Stress-21 (DASS-21) scale was used to assess depression, anxiety, and stress in adolescents. In addition, data on sociodemographics, parenting style, food insecurity, and anthropometric measures were also obtained. Linear regression was done to measure the risk factors. Results: Depression, anxiety, and stress were identified in 18%, 14%, and 16% of adolescents, respectively. Sociodemographic characteristics such as female sex, higher age, urban resident, food insecurity, and poor parenting were significant risk factors for depression, anxiety, and stress during the COVID-19 pandemic. In addition, inconsistent parenting has been identified as a significant risk factor for depression only. Conclusions: During the COVID-19 pandemic in Bangladesh, depression, anxiety, and stress are found quite common among adolescents. Therefore, necessary action is required to prevent the mental health epidemic from spreading.