Dissertationen zum Thema „Société nationale des chemins de fer français – Numérisation“
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Matias, Tiffany. „Le nouvel esprit de la SNCF : la transformation numérique comme dépassement du tournant néo-managérial de l’entreprise publique“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Montpellier (2022-....), 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023UMOND026.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis examines the significance of digital transformation within the SNCF and its link with previous neo-managerial reform undertakings. It is structured in three parts, aiming to grasp the project articulated around the notion of digital transformation, to carry out a sociology of the actors behind it, and to identify the strategies and devices used by the latter to impose their agenda within the organization. As far as the project is concerned, the results highlight that behind the notion of digital transformation, the 'modernization' project largely consists of disseminating a new spirit, which takes the giants of the digital economy as its reference model. As a result, the project goes beyond the SNCF's neo-managerial turnaround, encouraging a movement towards neo-marketing and neo-rationalization, and forming part of the broader trend towards post-new public management. As far as the actors are concerned, the results show that this project is being driven by employees who are distanced from the history and destiny of the organization, and who are in favor of the SNCF's new objectives in terms of financial performance. They therefore contribute even more to making digitalization a contribution to the reform. However, these players are embedded in professional and organizational struggles, which limits their power to act. To compensate for this, they are seeking to enlist all the organization's employees in their project by making extensive use of mechanisms designed to spread this new spirit throughout the organization
Stephanie-victoire, Noémie. „Les marchés de la SNCF depuis la création de RFF“. Paris 13, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA131039.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLamming, Clive. „Évolution des politiques de traction et des techniques de traction à la SNCF“. Paris 4, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA040318.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAs a technical system, railways have been placed, for more than 170 years, at a connection of "tributary techniques" and of "technical lignes", this giving to them an exceptionnal tell-tate status in the fie4ld of history of technology. Amongst railway engineering, traction technologies and policies are a privileged interface between the industrial and economical world, on one hand, and on the other, the proper railway world. In a prospect of an analysis of the dynamics, this research shows how traction technologies, in the very heart of railway engineering, evolve under the push of economic, industrial, political, social and even knowledge (engineers cultures and knowhow) thrusts. As an outstanding place of innovation in the field of railway engineering, traction technologies incorporate a maximum of outside technologies and dispatch them all over the other railway fields, depending too on these other fields. Traction technologies know, thus, what we would call a "regulated innovation", this being in the same time induced (by public authorities, research, engineer designs, economic push) and restrained (by a difficult insertion in a heavy and old pre-existing technical system, the inertia of the railway system, or cultural resistances, or financial limits, etc). Traction technologies do not only cosist of locomotive and multiple unit building, and of running these, they are, too, a product of economy and an actor in the field of economy. .
Quessette, Laurent. „Au croisement de l'État, du service public et du marché : recherches sur les chemins de fer en droit administratif français“. Toulouse 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011TOU10038.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe birth and the development of the railroads in France are understood at the same time by the continuation of the movement of centralization of the territory operated by the State, and the expansion without precedent of the capitalist economy, which saw emergence, as from the XIXth century, of the mode of the concessions and the intervention of the public power. With the explosion of the exchanges and ways, a political control of these flows appeared. As from IIIrd Republic, the role of the State evolving on social matters, the rail was gradually led to become a public line of business. Nationalization operated in 1937, by creating the National company of the railroads, and the passage, in 1983, of the statute of company of mixed economy to that of industrial and commercial public corporation, seems to reinforce this tendency. But the behaviour of company adopted by the SNCF, in particular starting from the reform of 1971, leads to a difficult conciliation between requirements which appear increasingly contradictory. In this direction, the influence of European integration was decisive being the questioning of the monopoly of the SNCF, the opening to the competition of the rail networks and the appareance of a new railway regulation. In this configuration, the maintenance of the railway public service seems to depend on the will of the regional councils, within the framework of railway regionalization, and the financial support of the State for the money-losing lines which continue to answer an general interest. These are theses movements that this thesis intends to analyze
Nabet, Agnès. „Les systèmes de gestion par la valeur : une analyse de leur impact sur les logiques de contrôle de deux groupes français“. Paris 9, 2001. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2001PA090047.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe research presents a discussion on a theoretical hypothesis : "The putting in place of a system of Value Based Management involves and warrants the adoption of a control process the direction of which is shareholders based. The investigation had three aims : to clarify the concept of a Value Based Management system in the light of academic discussions (preVious research) and of corporate information (annual reports of the CAC 40 companies), to assess the effect of investor pressure on management direction and finally, to explain the direction of the control process. The results of the empirical study (Rhône Poulenc/Aventis and SNCF Participations) underline the importance of certain explanatory factors : corporate context, operational expertise of performance indicator techniques, need of legitimacy. Thereby, the perception of shareholder pressure and its importance are clarified. The context of a particular organisation determines in theory its structure, its methods of growth and its financing. These elernents intluence the choice of a ROI ratio. Furthermore, institutional investors financing the organisation have the most obvious impact bath strong and constant. The management of the components of ROI type indicators (result, assets, financing of investments) offers various scenarios favourable to shareholders. Thus, the greater the constraint on middle management, the more Value Based Management becomes unavoidable. Therefore, the system is linked to a process of shareholder driven direction of control. A Value Based Management System strengthens the control in an organisation (formal) and benefits the shareholders or others stakeholders, because it is socially legitimated (Informal). The dual character of the control process, both formal and informal (in part ideological), could in this way lead to a convergence of goals by individual results and by common values
Vazquez, Rodriguez José Manuel. „Etude d'une démarche de veille et mise en oeuvre d'un système de gestion de l'information pour l'analyse de l'environnement économique d'un groupe français de service : application à la SNCF“. Université de Marne-la-Vallée, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001MARN0117.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDavid, Gilles. „Les rôles des contrôleurs de gestion dans une entreprise en mutation“. Paris 9, 1999. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1999PA090020.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleCauchon, Christophe. „La hiérarchie face aux réformes de la grande entreprise de service public en réseau et de son marché interne du travail : les cadres de la SNCF“. Aix-Marseille 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997AIX24005.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGuilloux, Marion. „Du sentiment d'insécurité aux comportements de vigilance dans les espaces de la SNCF“. Nantes, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013NANT3026.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLunardi, Maria Elizabeth. „Le management de projet dans les entreprises publiques : une étude sur l'expérience de la Société nationale des chemins de fer - SNCF“. Lille 1, 2006. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2006/50374-2006-Lunardi.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMarcos, Nicolas. „Modélisation et optimisation de la gestion du matériel roulant à la SNCF“. Paris 13, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA132023.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePonnet, Marie. „Les relations de sous-traitance et leurs effets sur la sûreté et la sécurité dans deux entreprises : SNCF et GrDF“. Nantes, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011NANT3038.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBecause of economical processes that tend to move the frontiers of firms salaried relations of uncertain status are found coexisting inside the very same working world. From a qualitative investigation mixing employees' interviews and observations made on SNCF and GrDF working sites our research offers to think about the relations linking subcontracting, maintenance, safety and security. Considering subcontracting as a particular way for professional bodies to be associated allows us to wonder about its effects within a same firm (the "integrated" subcontracting) as much as between a principal and a provider. Our thesis shows that when change occurs inside the organization — like the creation of new committees of experts or the reorganizing of an old service — security and safety can be impacted because thus professional bodies tend to be reconfigured while modifications affect practices, professional identities and work division. The relations between subcontractors and principal are complicated and their consequences depend from the context they are placed in, determined by a combination of various characteristics such as the confidence level, the available time, the reputation, the position occupied by the subcontractor. Our investigation makes clear that there is no direct link between subcontracting, security and safety. Their effects, in spite of their reality, are submitted to the altering mediation of legal factors (related to economic national and European issues) and concern the working organization as well as the professional identities
Meier-Hirmer, Carolina Evelyn. „Modèles et techniques probabilistes pour l'optimisation des stratégies de maintenance : application au domaine ferroviaire“. Marne-la-Vallée, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007MARN0314.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe French railway company SNCF wants to increase the efficiency of the maintenance of infrastructure components. Track and catenary maintenance are two of the most expensive tasks to accomplish. Concerning track maintenance, the costs of interventions are very high, while overhead line incidents have a strong impact on regularity. The time necessary for the electric power supply recovery can indeed rise up to several hours. At the same time, the significant number of installed components also increases the maintenance costs. This work presents probabilistic models that allow, for the two applications chosen, to improve the preventive maintenance of the railway infrastructure. Concerning track degradation we propose several methods developed to optimise tamping and ballast replacement on long term. All methods introduced are based on three underlying models : a stochastic track geometry degradation model, an estimation of the maintenance operation benefit and a deterministic cost model. Using this type of modelling, it is possible to compare the generated costs of different maintenance strategies while accounting for the uncertainty that exists on the geometrical development of the track. It is also possible to optimise the costs of track maintenance with respect to parameters of interest. Three extensions of this basic model are proposed for a further improvement of the approximation of the complex system of track maintenance. These modifications are based on expert knowledge. The numerical methods applied are described. Though increasing computation time, the extended models remain faster than simulations of track life cycles. We analyse the lifetime distribution under real stress for the catenary components. A method based on Markov chains and Markov jump processes is used for the estimation. In a second approach based on more detailed data, we apply techniques for lifetime analysis. The results of the two methods are compared. We propose a technique for the optimisation of the regeneration cycle of catenary components
Feurra, Frank. „Le financement des infrastructures de transport : "Problématique de gestion appliquée au système ferroviaire en général et à la SNCF en particulier" : analyse et modélisation financière“. Aix-Marseille 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997AIX24011.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMalaquin, Mathieu. „Relation de service et rôle de l'encadrement : le cas de la maintenance du matériel roulant à la SNCF“. Paris 9, 2006. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2006PA090064.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSince two decades the SNCF (Société Nationale des Chemins de Fer) has been confronted to a changing system of competition in wich it has expanded itself. The French historical national railway company turned on new competitivity levers thus providing a new definition of the maintenance contribution to the performance transport services. The neo industrial means of production which prevail during the Fordist period are challenged by a conception of services pivoting on the concept of services relationship. This evolution questions the management support whose task is now less to organise and manage the labor division than to adapt the service of maintenance to conditions of use of the railway equipment. The organisational logic moves from a planning scheme to adjustment enablement with the appearance of tensions within the management support. In order to bypass these resistance, the railway company will have to think over one’s tools and pratices through non material investments
Lalande, Karine. „Le travail d'organisation dans la maintenance“. Toulouse 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999TOU20032.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLaglaive, Frédéric. „Validité structurale des cinq grands facteurs de personnalité appelés "Big Five" dans un contexte professionnel : le cas des agents de la Surveillance Générale à la Société Nationale des Chemins de fer Français (SNCF)“. Paris 5, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA05H050.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleFive major factors known as the "Big Five" are on the way to becoming the international standard among traits models. Indeed, for the past 10 years or so, a considerable number of publications have put forward arguments in favour of these factors, their use in applied research being an important one. Occupational psychology has taken advantage of them, especially in criterion-related validity studies. However, the inadequacy of these five factors to predict occupational performance in an optimal way has been proved, adding to the general criticism which include the lexical origin with the preponderant part played by adjectives. Within this framework, the relevance of the five factor model in organizations is questioned particularly its capacity to explain statistically (by means of confirmatory factor analysis) individual differences in occupational performance. From self-ratings of a railway police sample (N=335) based on contextualized behaviours, and following a psychometric approach, the lack of structural validity of the Big Five is shown in the environment under study (using various fit indices). The subjects' tendency to present themselves in a favourable light was taken into consideration and did not modify this result ; the very high correlations found between the five factors support the idea that the structure imposed by them does not suit at all the ratings collected. The exploratory factor analysis conducted on items corroborates this : seven factors, almost independent and specific to the occupation examined, emerged. The significance of the results for the criterion-related validity of personality traits is discussed, notably in light of recent knowledge regarding work performance
Cretegny, Isabelle. „La mise en oeuvre de la politique d'amélioration des conditions de travail à la SNCF : l'institutionnalisation d'un dispositif de prévention des risques professionnels“. Paris 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA010081.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMallet, Isabelle. „De l'encadrement à la dimension du genre : la place des femmes à la SNCF, une construction en devenir“. Paris 8, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA083145.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe Research focuses on the professsional success of women in executive positions who are on career track and manage both teams and projects. The implications of the "Diversity and Equality Between Men and Women In the Workplace" agreement of 08. 03. 2009, concluded by all of the SNCF's trade unions and it's board of directors, comprises the emphasis of our study. Specifically, those areas of the organization where management positions are held predominantly by women. In effect, there has been a 'feminization' with regard to certain jobs, indeed certain areas of profession generating a structural imbalance in the male to female ratio. From this perspective, we are analyzing various processes of gender inequality and segregation, viewed through the prism of gender division in the workplace and existing social climates between the sexes. Identity construction will be the lever that allows for a better understanding of the representation of women's power and their potential as candidates for leadership roles. What is at issue here, for any public sector organization, is linked to its social commitment to improving conditions in the workplace and its capacity to identify current changes in the professional domain, while simultaneously further inquiring into the role of gender norms in contemporary French society
Alkhalaf, Taher. „Les modes de gestion et d’organisation du transport ferroviaire en France et en Grande-Bretagne“. Caen, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006CAEN0639.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMomasso, Momasso Jocelyn. „L'égalité d'accès en matière de transport ferroviaire dans la région Midi-Pyrénées“. Thesis, Toulouse 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014TOU10012.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLocal and regional authorities in France have a long history but their place within the state has been significantly and sustainably strengthened as from 1982, due to the ‘devolution laws’. They acquired a greater legitimacy, a wider competence and more appropriate means of action. A new step forward has been taken on 28th March 2003 with the constitutional law on the decentralised organisation of the Republic, which is considered as being the ‘second act’ of devolution. This constitutional revision was followed by several ‘organic laws’ and notably by a law which transferred new competencies to the local and regional authorities. A region is a local authority which is especially responsible for the economic development as it has competence on economic and equipment planning. Indeed, after a trial period in several regions, regional transports, especially rail transport modes, have been transferred into the ambit of their competences (regional express trains’ network – ‘TER’). Since 2002, the Midi-Pyrenees region is developing an ambitious policy regarding railways; for this purpose, a ‘rail plan’ has been adopted, representing a total investment of 820 million Euros. Regarding its vast territorial expanse, it would be relevant to examine whether the Midi Pyrenees region ensures an equal access to railway transport modes to the different categories of its population, and an equal access to its various territorial components thanks to its railway transport modes. This thesis will put forward the proliferation of regional public initiatives implementing the territorial equality principle in the field of railway transport modes, and will also analyse the choices as well as the existing legal and political instruments regarding the accessibility of the region’s territory
Seignour, Bernadette. „Marketing interne et communication interne : légitimité et pratiques. Le cas des entreprises de service public“. Montpellier 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998MON20022.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDeromas, Nadia. „Développement de l’activité de travail et enjeux de l’acceptation des technologies en situation multi-médiatisée : le cas des Réseaux Sociaux Numériques d’Entreprise“. Thesis, Lyon, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LYSE2009.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSince the 2000s, the Digital Social Network (RSNE) is a means for digital change management (Karoui & Dudezert, 2018; Matt et al., 2015). In this context, the aim of RSNEs is to facilitate exchanges and asynchronous collaborations between geographically and functionally dispersed professionals (not belonging to the same teams), in order to optimize the Knowledge Management by using new, more flexible collective regulations. improve productivity thanks to the quality of the information transmitted and simplify work organization (Bourgeois & Gonon, 2010, Bouville, 2013, Brangier & Bornet, 2011). However, from the point of view of the professionals, to appropriate a tool, to make it his own in correspondence with a culture in the sense of Proulx (2002), to develop operative schemas that lead to subjectivation (Rabardel, 1995), to develop new skills (Weill-Fassina & Pastré, 2004) to give it a meaning, an object, a destination for activity in the sense (Engeström, 2008), to develop the power to act individually and collectively (Clot, 2008) proceeds from a process evaluation that goes from experimentation to integration into actual practices and constitutes a trajectory of use (Bobillier Chaumon, 2016). In order to give an account of the conditions of development of an usage trajectory of a RSNE, we deployed an inter-method methodology (Caillaud & Flick, 2016) (qualitative and quantitative) to concretely assess what the technology " allows to do "or" forces to do ", but also that it " prevents "," or more as before "(Bobillier Chaumon and Dubois, 2009), in contact with a social environment and with respect to actual practices to evaluate "(...) its contributions and its limits, and thus define its interest in the activity and the project of the individual." (Bobillier-Chaumon, 2013, p 58) Our results show that the RSNE is not really adapted to the psycho-social requirements of the contemporary work activity and to the specific needs regarding asynchronous collaboration. This can explain a relatively weak use. A study of the dimensions of the development of the activity shows that the professionals use the RSNE to structure their individual activity in order to anticipate and calibrate future collaborations but they fail to develop the collective share of asynchronous collaborations
Maurice, Julie. „Le charbon et l'escarbille : genèse et histoire du statut du personnel cheminot, de la seconde moitié du XIXe siècle à la veille de la Seconde Guerre mondiale“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, Ecole nationale des chartes, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019ENCP0003.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe SNCF Staff Regulations was questioned since the 1980’s. Popular misconceptions, sometimes grotesques, are still widespread. Through the study of its history, from the second half of the 19th century to the eve of the World War II, and its remembrance, this PhD thesis proposes to deconstruct the railway workers Staff Regulations mythology. This study aims at understanding the moving reality of the rules concerning employment, working conditions and retirement, and highlighting the processual and contextual logics that define its long-term evolution. Discourses about and representations of these rules must be revisited through the prism of the railway workers’ identity too. This PhD thesis is based on historical records from railway companies and SNCF, public authorities, unions, legal and technical manuals, literature, press and personal testimonies
Bonneville, Jean-Baptiste. „Quel modèle économique pour une offre de transport de voyageurs porte-à-porte ?“ Thesis, Paris Est, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PESC1007/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe goal of providing passengers with seamless door-to-door mobility has today become a common objective, and a key priority for SNCF, France’s historical national rail group. After more than 30 years of growth thanks to the success of the TGV high-speed train, SNCF faces difficulties that have prompted it to reconsider its business model. The firm has decided to become a genuine multimodal operator with the capacity to provide a comprehensive territorial service through a variety of transport modes. The principal function of door-to-door transport is to enable travellers to go from A to B without using their own cars but a sequence of transport modes. This raises the possibility of the emergence of door-to-door mobility operators that provide a one-stop shop for travellers and offer continuity of service provision over an entire journey. This paper explores possible business models for a door-to-door mobility operator: the nature of the service, organisation between stakeholders and the revenue model. It begins with a detailed analysis of the idea of door-to-door service in the context of passenger transport. It then studies the main challenges for the stakeholders, in particular the evolution of France’s regulatory framework, issues relating to sustainable development and the effects of the digital economy. Different approaches to door-to-door provision exist within SNCF, reflecting the complexity of the company. Growing diversity in the system of actors has opened up new possibilities. Three contrasting business models were identified for door-to-door services: the integrated model, the platform model and the distributed model, all of which offer possible mid-term and long-term strategic directions for SNCF. Without being mutually exclusive, all three models are relevant in their distinct spheres. Nevertheless, the distributed model would seem to offer the greatest potential for rail transport to remain competitive with the private car
Deslée, Carine. „Transformation d'une routine organisationnelle : le cas de l'innovation participative à la SNCF“. Thesis, Lille 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008LIL12004/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe aim of this research deals with Participative Innovation, a new way of managing which can be termed a routine as Pent.land and Feldman (2003) understand il (2003). The literature considers the ostensive and performative aspects of'the routmes. We wlll rely on. the methodology recommended by Barley and Tolbert (1997). From a theorical wiewpomt this doctoral study is concerned with the possible transformation of an organisational routine, and Il IS re!ate~ to recent .works (Feldman, 2000 ; Feldman and Pentland, 2003).This is how we word our research : How can an organisatlonal routine be transformed and support the evolution of piloting an organisation? The example of Participative Innovation with SNCF. The question of the transformation of firms such as SNCF is particularly interesting in the present context of opening to competltion. After describing Part!cipative Innovation from an ostensive point of view and identifying basic routines corresponding to Participative Innovation, we wIll explam how thls routme evolved along its history. Wilh this in view, once the scripts of PartIcIpatIve Innovation are made clear, we will get interested in the analysis of the ostensive aspects of this routine that enable us to explam Its transformatlon in the course of time
Herrgott, David. „Modélisation et mise en perspective de la diversité du fonctionnement des transports ferroviaires conventionnés de voyageurs“. Thesis, Strasbourg, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015STRAH011.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe current government’s legislation to restructure the rail sector defines the national rail system as a complex system composed of “all the human and material means implemented on the national rail network in order to ensure the management and delivery of transport services using it”. Within this framework, this thesis attempts to analyze in a necessarily interdisciplinary perspective the relationship between the different components of the rail system, in order to make it intelligible. It aims to contribute to understanding the railway system and its current issues, by completing this empirical based approach to modeling the public service obligations, which represent most of the traffic and publics funds on the French rail network
Maurice, Julie. „Le charbon et l'escarbille : genèse et histoire du statut du personnel cheminot, de la seconde moitié du XIXe siècle à la veille de la Seconde Guerre mondiale“. Thesis, Paris, Ecole nationale des chartes, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019ENCP0003/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe SNCF Staff Regulations was questioned since the 1980’s. Popular misconceptions, sometimes grotesques, are still widespread. Through the study of its history, from the second half of the 19th century to the eve of the World War II, and its remembrance, this PhD thesis proposes to deconstruct the railway workers Staff Regulations mythology. This study aims at understanding the moving reality of the rules concerning employment, working conditions and retirement, and highlighting the processual and contextual logics that define its long-term evolution. Discourses about and representations of these rules must be revisited through the prism of the railway workers’ identity too. This PhD thesis is based on historical records from railway companies and SNCF, public authorities, unions, legal and technical manuals, literature, press and personal testimonies
Mangin, d'Hermantin Bertrand. „Nouvelle figure de l'encadrement en proximité dans une entreprise en transformation : une analyse clinique des identités professionnelles et leurs troubles au carrefour d'enjeux institutionnels, professionnels et psychiques“. Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCC128.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSince the end of the 1980s, SNCF has been committed to renewing its managerial model. This railway company progressive mutation resulted into a call to managerial practise’s evolution; the evolution also concerned the supervisors' role in the running of the organization. Through these evolutions, a new figure of the agent as a singular and subjective subject has gradually been established within the company. Our thesis focuses on the current forms of professional identities of proximity supervisors to the yardstick of these recent institutional transformations. In a clinical approach focused on the study of the subjective constructions of the subjects, we analyze the ambiguity of the relationship maintained by proximity supervisors to this new figure of the agent. The institutional contents come to legitimate, among the interviewed professionals, a connection to the team characterized by a community logic. Simultaneously, they weaken the supervisors in their affiliation to the leading group and expose them to internal anxieties due in particular to the mental burden represented by the intimate problems addressed to them by their agents. In addition, our research questions the emergence of a new Protée’s figure of the proximity supervisor, constantly recomposing herself in the way in which she reveals her affiliations, her postures, her relationships with the team and the company. Our field survey is also about the powerlessness and downgrading feelings produced by the juridical frame and logic proper to the railway company, specifically regarding employee’s protection, on the proximity supervisors. Finally, we question the sacrificial postures adopted by certain professionals as answers to this particular institutional functioning
Le, Nguyen Minh Huong. „Online machine learning-based predictive maintenance for the railway industry“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Institut polytechnique de Paris, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023IPPAT027.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBeing an effective long-distance mass transit, the railway will continue to flourish for its limited carbon footprint in the environment. Ensuring the equipment's reliability and passenger safety brings forth the need for efficient maintenance. Apart from the prevalence of corrective and periodic maintenance, predictive maintenance has come into prominence lately. Recent advances in machine learning and the abundance of data drive practitioners to data-driven predictive maintenance. The common practice is to collect data to train a machine learning model, then deploy the model for production and keep it unchanged afterward. We argue that such practice is suboptimal on a data stream. The unboundedness of the stream makes the model prone to incomplete learning. Dynamic changes on the stream introduce novel concepts unseen by the model and decrease its accuracy. The velocity of the stream makes manual labeling infeasible and disables supervised learning algorithms. Therefore, switching from a static, offline learning paradigm to an adaptive, online one is necessary, especially when new generations of connected trains continuously generating sensor data have already been a reality. We investigate the applicability of online machine learning for predictive maintenance on typical complex systems in the railway. First, we develop InterCE as an active learning-based framework that extracts cycles from an unlabeled stream by interacting with a human expert. Then, we implement a long short-term memory autoencoder to transform the extracted cycles into feature vectors that are more compact yet remain representative. Finally, we design CheMoc as a framework that continuously monitors the condition of the systems using online adaptive clustering. Our methods are evaluated on the passenger access systems on two fleets of passenger trains managed by the national railway company SNCF of France
Perrot, Emilie. „L'activité transférentielle, une ressource au service du développement du métier : le cas des agents d'escale et de service commercial en gare“. Thesis, Paris, CNAM, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017CNAM1087/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBased on an intervention realised in SNCF company for two groups of commercial and station agents, this thesis explores the function of the transferential activity than can be deployed during intervention. We seek to explain the way « the motion of places » which are implemented in the clinical intervention, can be a resource for the development of the job. A multimodale analysis of research materials which mainly come from crossed-confrontation focuses on two types of signs. On the one hand, the presence of a transferential activity indices in the dialogical activity, and the other hand, the signs of the development of the job. This results leads us to present a model of transferential activity. This specificity is her object. Either it assigns the other person (or oneself) a place, or it makes the place change (his or her own or someone else’s one). The transferential activity can be suffered as well as used by the researcher or the professional. It’s the interference of both transferential activities that can be driving force and promote a development of the job on these differents registers. We conclude with the development of the transferential activity and its « functional » nomadism. The transferential activity is not only an activity in its own rightn but it is also the product of another activity. And, finally, it is a psychological instrument to the benefit of the current activity. The perspectives opened by this work concern the transformative potential of the transferential activity. The professional’s activity in the steering committees must be developed
Garcia, Jean-François. „Politique d'intégration des nouveaux embauchés et effets sur la question de la compétence collective : le cas de SNCF infrastructure territoire de production atlantique“. Thesis, Tours, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOUR1008/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe main research question is : how does a new integration policy hired a transformative role of collective competence ? The mobilized theoretical framework is based on HRM but covers other disciplines such as strategic management. Our research methodology was to conduct a thorough case study within SNCF Infra in a specific context : the next opening to competition of the railway market for travelers. It appears from the data analysis that, like training, the integration process contributes to the renewal of employee skills and more specifically by testing existing collective skills. This research tends to highlight two lines of thought : assimilate the absorption capacity to an organizational competence and promote knowledge cooperate as a new meta-competence
Cheng, Yung-Hsiang. „Transfert de savoir-faire en matière dexploitation ferroviaire à grande vitesse entre la SNCF et les compagnies ferroviaires implantées à Taiwan et en Corée du Sud“. Phd thesis, Marne-la-vallée, ENPC, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002ENPC0206.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDépoues, Vivian. „From scientific information on climate change to economic analysis for adaptation of infrastructure : the case study of SNCF“. Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLV015/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis describes and analyzes in situ how SNCF, the French national railway company, deals with the scientific knowledge on the impacts of climate change. It intends to improve our understanding of how large organizations adapt to multifaceted changes and address wicked environmental problems. Based on an inductive inquiry, the research describes how adaptation happens for now at SNCF, mostly on a reactive and incremental mode, first at the corporate level then in one specific region (Occitanie). In a second step, it explores possible consequences of the most disruptive changes announced by science and how various actors consider more transformative adaptations of their world-views and practices. The device set up showed that increases in climate variability and evolutions of extreme events might actually question current policies and strategical choices. Beyond technical stakes, adaptation raises important governance challenges. Different sub-entities of SNCF but also local authorities, traffic authorities or other mobility providers can make contrasted adaptation choices. Following these observations, this research identifies salient research questions to improve adaptation decisions. It defends that, along with other heuristics, economics have a major role to play to unfold critical consequences of climate change, explore adaptation options and display controversies regarding long-term adaptation
De, boras Sandrine. „Vers une refondation de la tarification sociale ferroviaire?- Le cas de la carte Familles Nombreuses“. Thesis, Lyon 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LYO22012/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe aim of our study is to determine, in the context of dysfunctions with social tariffs in the French railway industry, challenging of public policy, and deregulation of network industries, if it is possible to reform this type of tariff and which ways we can use. Our work deals with the case study of the card “Familles Nombreuses”, which is a social tariff imposed by the State to the French railway operator, SNCF.First we analyze social tariffs in a practical and theoretical approach to make a generic definition. Then we analyze some alternative ways of organizing and financing social tariffs.Then, we are seeking, through a detailed historical analysis of the social tariff “Familles Nombreuses” and the governance relations between SNCF and government, elements that allow these changes. We highlight the changes proposed until today and the events that cause these changes.With these lessons and a stated preference survey, we make, some proposals to reform the social tariff “Familles Nombreuses”. They are based on the sensitivity and real consumer choice, not on assumptions or deductions and are evaluated with calculations of surplus. In terms of results, if we can’t make a single proposal that would be "the" solution, we make some recommendations depending on the objectives of different actors and the role they wish to give to social tariffs. We can also determine the commitment to social tariffs. Leeways appear in fact limited. The changes based on the current commercial tarifs may cause a stir discontent and the surplus could be finally low or even negative. One solution could consist in inserting the social tariff « Familles Nombreuses » into the global system of yield management. This would allow the SNCF to have greater leeway on this tariff, the State to face no longer the funding constraints and the user to be offered more discount. Thus, through a policy between commercial and social logic, the yield management could be a tool of social policy, source of social justice and redistribution
Abdelwahed, Mohamed Ali. „La dialectique « Culture-Compétence » sous une approche cognitivo-situationnelle : cas de la SNCF“. Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCD040/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe implicit dimension is a key component to the understanding of organizations. Indeed, service relationships are the fertile ground to its analysis. Within these relationships, the role of third parties, in the activity of the agent in co-action, questions especially the mobilized competence. The agent activity, in turn, explores his/her culture in particular. Culture and competence become two interacting dialectical concepts. The aim of this thesis is to analyze in depth this dialectic in situ. Adopting a social constructivist posture and a cognitive-situational approach, a qualitative study with Agents in Touch with Customers (ACC) of the SNCF was carried to address this issue. For this purpose, we based our analysis on semi-structured interviews combined with an ethnomethodological study, followed by a “confirmatory” survey via focus groups (mirror groups). The results of this research show us that, in situation, a sort of situated culture emerges through the situated and distributed competence; and that this situated culture follows a spiral movement between the implicit and the explicit. It also reveals that this situated culture is an essential element in the competence architecture, in addition to the fact that the distributed competence develops especially in an organization designed as a culture (metaphor of culture)
Chraibi, Sarrah. „Faire ou faire-faire les Achats : le modèle de RFF et de SNCF Réseau à l’épreuve des faits“. Thesis, Lorient, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LORIL443.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleA great deal of attention has been paid to the performance of business networks in supply chain management, firms are collaborating more to develop long term business relationships. However, limited empirical evidence exists to validate a plural management model as a key success factor in a strategic supplier relationship. The purpose of this research is to enrich our understanding about how to manage an external provider relationship in case of outsourcing strategic procurement by providing empirical evidence. Then this research draws a decision making process for the Make-or-Buy of procurement activities which includes: Analysis of the current situation, Preparation for the Make-or-Buy choice, Scope of Make-or-Buy, Make-or-Buy analysis and Make-or-Buy choice. This research examines an in-depth qualitative case and contributes to the literature by providing empirical evidence
Rocves, Terry. „Critique du déterminisme de la relation désordre - (in)fiabilité : cas de l'exploitation ferroviaire“. Thesis, Paris, CNAM, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016CNAM1112/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe study of high organizational reliability refers to the examination of conditions that allow a complex organized system to maintain high levels of reliability consistent with both security and economic requirements. Studies on the functioning of High Reliability Organizations (HRO) feature a set of practices and mechanisms implemented within these organizations - at the individual, group and organizational levels - which enable them to manage and operate effectively complex technicalsystems at risk. In line with the contributions on what contribute to high reliability in such companies, this work aims to demonstrate the consideration of disorder, as one of the organizational logics, supporting reliability of the company. In this sense, a conceptualization of disorder as an organizing component (organizational disorder) is proposed. As a result of this conceptualization, the thesis demonstrates to what extent organizational disorder, through the establishment ofinformal organizations stratified on the existing formal ones, can reduce and limit the effects of disruptions. Disorder is analyzed as an intrinsic catalyst of sensemaking, partaking to high reliability. By discussing the consideration of disorder as the very essence of the organization, the thesis also debates upon the underlying normative approach in the very conception of the organization and its ensuant high reliability
Fourny-Arrivé, Sandra. „Contenu de marque : nature de la pratique et tensions associées à la formation d'une stratégie marketing hybride“. Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PSLED025/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBrand content refers to editorial contents that are produced by the brand itself. This form of communication appears to be disruptive compared to traditional advertising as it does never mention the product and thus does not appear to intend to sell anything to the consumer. The objective is more to seduce the audience with an interesting and entertaining content. Our research aims at understanding brand content strategies, as well as its actors and logics.Twenty individual interviews with communication experts and two brand case studies have been implemented.We propose a conceptualization of brand content, as well as a typology of existing practices. We explain the formation of the strategy and the logics of actors participating to the formation. We illustrate the fact that strategy can be formalized (deliberate) or that it can also arise from non-planned initiatives. We finally present the tensions emerging from the strategy formation.Our research contributes to both brand management and strategy as practice literatures
Prévert, Aline. „La lutte contre les discriminations dans le travail en France. : sociogenèse d'un dispositif d'action publique (1980-2004)“. Thesis, Grenoble, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011GRENH022.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe fight against discriminations in the workplace in France. Sociological genesis of a public policy device (1980-2004) "Fighting against discriminations" sounds today in France like a natural motto and mobilizes a set of public devices and a network of social actors. The issue of discriminations was only introduced in the public area in the late 1990s and seems to be a crucial problem that has to be cured. The aim of this PhD research is to better understand the system of French antidiscrimination public policy in the work area through the study of its genesis and its uses. From this perspective, the law of fight against discriminations of November 16th, 2001 is an essential point : this legal framework symbolizes the emergence and formation of this public policy and determines its implementation. The analysis of the conception, the institutionalization, and the implementation of this device is guided by its study. This PhD thesis aims at analyzing the emergence of the fight against discriminations in France, and its building process as a category of public action. It proposes a study of the practices of actors who have contributed to the crystallisation of this cause in the public space. This study is also focused on the uses of this public action device and is based upon the case study of a French public company, the SNCF (National Railways Company). The objective is to highlight the process of transposition of the antidiscrimination public policy into an entrepreneurial goal
Scotti, Nelly. „Manager la relation de service dans les organisations publiques en mutation ou comment donner du sens au travail relationnel : les cas de La Poste et de la SNCF“. Thesis, Aix-Marseille 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX32092.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis research seeks to understand how the public organizations in change integrated into their strategy the intention which aims at “placing the user in the middle of the organization” in their management of the relation of service and through the tools implemented to translate this speech into acts of management and to explain how these choices as regards management of the relation between service and the user-customers affect the direction of the work of the agents in contact.The analysis of the literature is articulated around three theoretical fields: the concept of the relation of service mobilizing of the multi-field fields, in particular that of sociology, the marketing and the economy of the services, the management of the public organizations and more particularly of the public organizations in change in a context of opening to competition and models of the direction to work and construction of the direction in the organizations. The objective being to understand how the relation of service takes an increasingly important place in the public organizations like managerial concern in a preoccupation of development of the performance and a setting in adequacy of the needs for the user-customers with the services delivered by the public organizations.Two case studies were selected to observe these changes, the case of the Post office and the SNCF, two old public monopolies, which are anchored in the collective representations like institutions of the daily newspaper of French and who is based on a strong culture of the public service. These case studies were conducted in a approach of qualitative research which aims at making emerge speech of the leaders, managers of proximity and agents in contact, perceptions of these tools and these changes in the relation of service and the effects of these tools on the work and more particularly the direction of the work of the agents.The case studies revealed against-intuitive results compared to the organisational structures of the two studied institutions. Thus, the results make it possible to show how the choice of the standardization and the increase in the control in the Post office develops an approach of the service by the rule and the standardization of the work of the relation of service which creates a cultural rupture in the practices of the post-office employees attached to their work like vector of social link and with the development of perceptions of nonsense in their work even of a certain constraint which puts them in situations of suffering at work.With the SNCF the choice to place the relation of service like a development project of competences multi-trades and in hierarchical co-education, with the concern Co-of conceiving the tools and the hot lines generates a cohesion of the teams and the valorization of a collective culture cheminote. The passage of a culture technician to a culture of service was approached while placing the internal customer like focal point of the programs to make in kind diffuse a common direction of the relation with the user-customer in phase with the reality of the agents. Lastly, we propose, a discussion and a conclusion to exceed the perimeter of research and to place this research like the starting point of a work on the relation of service and relational work in the public organizations
Flamard, Laetitia. „La robustesse en ordonnancement : une activité d’articulation des dimensions économiques et sociales : la commande du personnel de vente à la SNCF“. Thesis, Paris, CNAM, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018CNAM1179/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis research in ergonomics focuses on the design of robust personnel schedules in a sensitive social context, based on the articulation work between the social and economic dimensions of companies .it is often seen as a lever for flexibility by companies. Research in ergonomics and human resources management shows that it possible to consider scheduling as a "distributed" resource management activity, which raises issues related to both the economic and social dimensions of companies (health, skills, training, agent satisfaction). Our objectives are to understand how schedulers articulate theses dimensions, evaluate this work, and to define the robustness on scheduling.To understand this activity, divided between three different levels (strategic, tactical, operational), six types of data collection were carried out: semi-directive interviews, observations of the activity of planners at the tactical level, business and inter-business working groups, as well as self-confrontation interviews based on achieved schedules.The robustness is dynamically built from the constraint management strategies of schedulers. These are based on the schedulers’ knowledge : of regulations, of process, of other schedulers and commercial agents. Robustness takes different forms (stable or flexible, immediate or delayed) and must make it possible to resist disruptions but also to build room for manœuvre for the future.The impact of our research is related to the definition of robustness on personnel scheduling, to the joint collective activity and to the identification of the conditions in favour of robustness’ construction