Zeitschriftenartikel: „Social reformation“

1

Evener, Vincent. „The Future of Reformation Studies“. Church History and Religious Culture 97, Nr. 3-4 (2017): 310–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18712428-09703002.

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Recent scholarly trends have called into question the view of the Reformation as a singular, epoch-making event; many scholars prefer to speak of sixteenth-century “reformations,” while others regard the Reformation as a chapter within longer-running and more significant historical processes. This essay proposes viewing the Reformation as a complex, epoch-making event that was initiated and sustained by both Protestant and Catholic actors. The Reformation created an enduring reality of division that was experienced and engaged differently by Christians depending upon their ecclesial, social, and geographic location, among other factors. By relating the disciplinary motives and endeavors of the era to contestation regarding truth and falsehood, the divine and the demonic, this essay argues for taking a broader view of religious discipline and for seeking to understand the Reformation era on its own terms, rather than as a late-medieval or an early-modern event.

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Lindberg, Carter. „Reformation Initiatives for Social Welfare“. Annual of the Society of Christian Ethics 7 (1987): 79–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/asce198776.

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3

KAUFMAN, LUCY M. „ECCLESIASTICAL IMPROVEMENTS, LAY IMPROPRIATIONS, AND THE BUILDING OF A POST-REFORMATION CHURCH IN ENGLAND, 1560–1600“. Historical Journal 58, Nr. 1 (09.02.2015): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0018246x14000491.

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ABSTRACTOne of the more difficult practical questions raised by the English Reformation was just how to support its clergy and its fabric. Despite extensive resistance from the godly members of church and state, the Elizabethan church maintained the pre-Reformation system of impropriations, lay ownership of ecclesiastical tithes. This article examines the historical, practical, and ideological stakes of these everyday economics in the late sixteenth century. It argues that the majority of impropriators were responsive to the needs of the church, sustaining rather than undermining the nascent English church. In the space opened up by the Reformation's rents in the social and physical fabric of the parish, new bonds between church, state, and society were knit. This process of building the post-Reformation church thus tied the laity closer to the interests and activities of the church in England.

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4

MacCulloch, Diarmaid. „2. Protestantism in Mainland Europe: New Directions“. Renaissance Quarterly 59, Nr. 3 (2006): 698–706. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/ren.2008.0404.

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Most stimulating — for this Anglophone historian, at least — has been the reintegration of religious history into mainstream social and political history generally, and also the heightened sense of an international movement embracing an entire continent and beyond. We no longer make artificial distinctions between the Reformations of the Atlantic Isles and those on the mainland; we can see more clearly what is local and what is part of an international phenomenon; and we can also appreciate the artificiality of considering Protestantism in isolation from reform movements in both the Pre-Reformation Western Church and Post-Tridentine Roman Catholicism. I commend the advantages of emancipating religious history from specific religious commitment. I also discuss the effect of the breaking down of barriers to travel and research in the wake of the 1989–90 revolutions in the recovery of our sense of the importance of Reformations in Eastern Europe, and also highlight our realization that a heritage of Southern European dissent shaped the heterodoxy that dissolved Reformation certainties.

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Nora. AN, Desri. „KNPI KOTA PADANG DALAM MENGHADAPI PERUBAHAN SOSIAL ERA ORDE BARU MENUJU REFORMASI“. Humanus 13, Nr. 2 (29.12.2014): 116. http://dx.doi.org/10.24036/jh.v13i2.4721.

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This article reveals the condition of KNPI as an organization that accommodate all youth organizations in facing social change that occurred in Indonesia from the New Order Regime towards Reformation Order. The results of this study shows that during the New Order Regime, KNPI became an extension of the ruling party and this codition is still affecting KNPI in the reformation era although Indonesia has undergone a social change. Keywords: KNPI, social change, reformation.

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VanDyke, Matthew L. „The Economic Impact of Social Security Reformation“. Journal of Law and Commerce 36, Nr. 2 (31.05.2018): 213–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/jlc.2018.142.

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7

Laven, Mary. „3. Encountering the Counter-Reformation“. Renaissance Quarterly 59, Nr. 3 (2006): 706–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/ren.2008.0398.

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While the Reformation has, from the very beginning, been seen as a drama which drew its cast from every sphere of society, the Counter-Reformation was until recently considered the project of elites. Even those who sought to write the social history of the Catholic reform movement allocated to “the people” the role of resisting the course of change rather than contributing to the transformation of early modern Catholicism. Swimming against this tide, a succession of local case studies, focusing in particular on rituals and objects, has demonstrated the manifold ways in which men and women of all social backgrounds participated in the reinvention of Roman Catholicism. This paper considers new emphases in the social and cultural history of the Counter-Reformation, and asks whether there remains a place for thinking about the age of reform in terms of discipline and confessionalization.

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Huff, Toby E. „Reformation in Islam?“ Society 44, Nr. 5 (01.08.2007): 62–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12115-007-9012-1.

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9

Wailes, Stephen L. „A Dramatization of Social Discontent from Reformation Tyrol“. German Studies Review 13, Nr. 2 (Mai 1990): 211. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1430704.

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10

LEVY, GILAT, und RONNY RAZIN. „Calvin's Reformation in Geneva: Self and Social Signalling“. Journal of Public Economic Theory 16, Nr. 5 (15.08.2014): 730–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jpet.12072.

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11

Schwyzer, Philip. „Fallen idols, broken noses: Defacement and memory after the Reformation“. Memory Studies 11, Nr. 1 (Januar 2018): 21–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1750698017736835.

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The Henrician and Edwardian Reformations of the 1530s and 1540s were marked by successive waves of iconoclasm in English churches and cathedrals. Statues, screens, wall paintings, and windows were among the idols targeted. While some objects and artworks were destroyed or effaced entirely, others remained in situ, bearing the marks of iconoclastic violence. Even today, many English cathedrals harbour numerous examples of defaced images which have suffered beheading or scoring of the face and hands, but have been neither repaired nor removed. This article explores how various post-Reformation observers including Protestants, Catholics, antiquaries, and poets understood and responded to defaced images, arguing that traditionalists and reformers found a paradoxical common cause in the curation of iconoclasm.

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Plumb, Derek. „The Social and Economic Spread of Rural Lollardy: A Reappraisal“. Studies in Church History 23 (1986): 111–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424208400010573.

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The evidence given us by John Foxe in his Book of Martyrs provides more information about the social and theological standing of Lollards than we know about many later religious dissidents. Recent work has added to our knowledge. Geoffrey Dickens and Claire Cross have reconsidered the place of the Lollards in the development of the English Reformation, especially in theological matters. John Thomson drew our attention to the continuity shown in some areas. Claire Cross and Margaret Aston showed the importance of women Lollards. J.F. Davis has supported the idea of a continuous movement, and stressed the involvement of the remaining Lollard brotherhoods in the Reformation proper. Margaret Aston saw the reformers using Lollard texts to settle the Reformation into a tradition. And John Fines found one group of Lollards definitely not of a low or ‘middling sort’. But despite this attention on the part of historians, we still know little of the people labelled Lollards. How did they react to developments locally and nationally? Did they assimilate into their local communities despite their beliefs? What social and economic standing did they have? Was contemporary abuse, which dismissed them as ‘lowly sorts’, justified?

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Ponyatovsʹkyy, Feliks. „Restoration and radical reformation“. Ukrainian Religious Studies, Nr. 83 (01.09.2017): 67–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.32420/2017.83.770.

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The Reformation, which spread to Europe 500 years ago, had a profound impact on all spheres of society's life. The development of science, education, social institutions and modern progress in general - all this can be considered a result and a fruit of the course of the Reformation. The 16th-century reformers could not even imagine what a powerful irreversible process was triggered by them through several theological slogans. The entire history of modern civilization can be divided into two periods: before and after the Reformation.

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Dolan, Frances E. „Gender and the “Lost” Spaces of Catholicism“. Journal of Interdisciplinary History 32, Nr. 4 (April 2002): 641–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/002219502317345547.

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The Reformation in England was largely a contest over space and its social meanings and uses. Gender intersected with religious affiliation in struggles over the control of several particularly fruitful sites: court chapels, prisons, households, and beds. Although Catholics lost many devotional, social, and political spaces in the wake of the Reformation, they also developed a tactical and adaptive relationship to space that fostered Catholic survival.

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Vijayakumar, S. „Social and Revolutionary Ideas in Bharathidasan’s Epic, Kannagi“. Shanlax International Journal of Tamil Research 4, Nr. 4 (01.04.2020): 116–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.34293/tamil.v4i4.2351.

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The Revolutionary poet Bharathidasa’s has created a special place for himself in the twentieth century. In those days it was considered that the ‘Anna Chathiram’(Food Oblation Centre) maintained by people was moral duty. Unfortunately this is not practiced in the present. It needs reformation. “In the former Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu Dr. Annadurai has compared the American poet Walt Whitman and Bharathidasa and has also called Walt Whitman has America’s Bharathidhasan” (Revolutionary poet P.Muthiah P-63). Bharathidas argues that brides (women) are not inanimate objects handed over by father to the bridegrooms. From this argument of Bharathidasa’s to facts are revealed. One is to lead married life and another is to remain chaste.Bharathidasa’s ideology of opposing God and respecting man has revealed his reformational attitude. Further he has also registered his ideas on the duty of women new liberation, political aspects and superstitious beliefs. Silapathigaram and Manimegalai are two great revolutionary epics in Tamil. As a revolutionary poet Bharathidhasan has also created epics of revolutionary ideas.

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Gaganakis, Costas. „From the Social History of the Reformation (1960-1980) to the Reformation as Communication Process (1990-2000)“. Historein 12 (22.03.2013): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/historein.157.

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<p>This article attempts to chart the “paradigm shift” from social history, dominant until the early 1980s, to new cultural history and the various interpretive trends it engendered in the 1990s and 2000s. The privileged field of investigation is the history of the Protestant Reformation, particularly in its urban aspect. The discussion starts with the publication of Bernd Moeller’s pivotal <em>Reichsstadt und Reformation </em>in the early 1960s – which paved the way for the triumphant invasion of social history in a field previously dominated by ecclesiastical or political historians, and profoundly imbued with doctrinal prerogatives – and culminates in the critical presentation of interpretive trends that appear to dominate in the 2010s, particularly the view and investigation of the Reformation as communication process.</p>

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Izudin, Ahmad. „Revealing the Orientation of the Post-Reformation Islamic Student Movement in Indonesia“. Politika: Jurnal Ilmu Politik 12, Nr. 1 (04.01.2021): 11–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/politika.12.1.2021.11-24.

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This article explains the traces of the post-reformation Islamic student movement. The movement is still considered as the power of civil society to conduct democratization, but its tendency does not lead to social transformation. Sidney Tarrow (1996) used a theory of collective behavior reference in social movements to discuss this issue. This article is based on a qualitative research method. The data were collected by using Focus Group Discussion, interview, documentation, and literature review. This study finds out that an orientation shifting of the Islamic student movement, which is interesting to reveal. The shifting indicates the tendency to change orientation accordingly to the national political change and fluctuations. In this situation, the Islamic student movement has experienced several social dynamics. A new movement model arises when they use social media as an alternate formto convey their social criticism like through the street demonstration to critize governance practices.

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Laube, Matthew. „‘The Harmony of One Choir’? Music and Social Unity in Reformation Heidelberg*“. Past & Present 248, Nr. 1 (29.07.2020): 41–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/pastj/gtz059.

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Abstract: From early in the Reformation, Protestant leaders viewed music as a powerful tool not only for educating their followers, but also for forging unity within diverse and dispersed communities. Such a belief found expression in official and unofficial religious contexts, and left its mark on printed devotional material, congregational hymn books, public policies of church authorities, and the musical activities of individual churches. At the same time, the manner in which a person accessed, experienced and produced music in a Reformation urban environment was conditioned as much by social factors such as age, gender, social station and personal contacts, as by confessional affiliation and policy. Using a corpus of previously unexploited sources from the Protestant city of Heidelberg, this article challenges the rhetorical and outdated binary notions of social ‘harmony’ and ‘discord’. It argues that music in a Reformation city — whether congregational song in churches, secular song in taverns, inns and streets, or domestic devotional song — could function as a powerful platform for emphasizing rather than dissolving a range of meaningful social differences, even as it created new kinds of unity across urban society.

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Honecker, Martin. „Von der Dreiständelehre zur Bereichsethik“. Zeitschrift für Evangelische Ethik 43, Nr. 1 (01.02.1999): 262–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.14315/zee-1999-0135.

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Abstract Social ethics today is understood as an ethics of the institutions of human social interaction. It originated as a discipline during the 19th century under the influence of the modern social sciences. Thus it is a child of the Enlightenment. A Look at the history of ethics, however, reveals that the reformational theory of the three estates (Dreiständelehre) represents an early stage in the development of social ethics. lts origin in Aristotelian philosophy, its development within the Lutheran Reformation, and its end in the Enlightenment are portrayed. Current differentiation of ethics into special areas (Bereichsethiken) as well as efforts to establish the ethos specific to and goveming the application of ethical principles to autonomaus areas of responsibility motivate the topic and intention of this reexamination of the historic theory of the three estates, especially with respect to its theological foundations

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Sumitro, Warkum, und Fiqh Vredian Aulia Ali. „Reformulasi ijtihad dalam pembaruan hukum Islam menuju hukum nasional: Ikhtiar metodologis A. Qadri Azizy mentransformasikan fikih Timur Tengah ke Indonesia“. IJTIHAD Jurnal Wacana Hukum Islam dan Kemanusiaan 15, Nr. 1 (21.01.2016): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.18326/ijtihad.v15i1.39-60.

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This study is an elaboration of creative minds of A. Qodry Azizy about reformulation of ijtihad thatwas developed through reformation of “ mazhab” and an eclecticism of national law. Researchers useda qualitative research with a research library approach through technical documentation. An offering ofreformulation of ijtihad of A. Qodri Azizy motivated by social and academical anxiety about theentity of life after reformation and the probability of social changes with the momentum of GBHN1999.Therefore, it is neccesarily a Guidelines about formulations on” fiqh” which is suitable by the contextof Indonesian. He started on the concerns of intention, an inner attitude and academical confidence inapplication of Islamic law through the agenda of reformation on “mazhab” and positivization ofIslamic law within the framework of development of national laws.

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Jin, Jin-Hyung. „Development of Economy & Reformation of National Consciousness“. Korean Journal of Policy Studies 11 (31.12.1996): 257–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.52372/kjps11014.

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Jean Jacques Rousseau, (1712-1778) author of "The Theory of Social Contract", once stated that moral corruption and indulgence in luxury by people increases as their economic well-being improves. The history of mankind attests to the fact that there have been many nations which enjoyed remarkable economic development, but perished in the long run due to degradation of humanity, corruption, luxury, widespread mammonism, and various conflicts among their people. It follows that the economic growth should be accompanied by or based on people's strong morality and sound humanity. In other words, the reformation of consciousness is a prerequisite to the economic development. It is said that the Republic of Korea garnered an economic growth to the extent that it is on the threshold of becoming an advanced country in the near future.

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WEREDA, Dorota. „Reformation as an Inspiration for Reforms of the Eastern Churches in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth“. Historia i Świat 7 (30.06.2018): 187–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.34739/his.2018.07.12.

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The Reformation was a phenomenon influencing transformations of the Orthodox Church and the Uniate Church in the multi-denominational Polish-Lithuanian state. In response to a particularly severe lack of education compounded by the influence of the Reformation in the Easter Churches, certain educational initiatives were undertaken, translation of the Bible and liturgical texts into the Old Orthodox Church Slavonic language, acquainting people with new forms and ways of religious apologetics. Ideas initiated by the Reformation were developed in the 16th century by Piotr Mohyła. Under the influence of the Reformation a new quality of relationships and social bonds was created in the Orthodox Church society of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. The activities of laymen and Orthodox Church fraternities became more intensified. The ideas of the Reformation on soteriological subjects became an inspiration for part of Orthodox Church elites to enter into union with the Papacy.

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Powers, Paul R. „You Say You Want a Reformation? Parsing the Ubiquitous Rhetoric of an “Islamic Reformation”“. Comparative Islamic Studies 4, Nr. 1-2 (09.06.2010): 37–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1558/cis.v4i4.1-4.2.37.

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The ideas of an “Islamic Reformation” and a “Muslim Luther” have been much discussed, especially since the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001. This “Reformation” rhetoric, however, displays little consistency, encompassing moderate, liberalizing trends as well as their putative opposite, Islamist “fundamentalism.” The rhetoric and the diverse phenomena to which it refers have provoked both enthusiastic endorsement and vigorous rejection. After briefly surveying the history of “Islamic Reformation” rhetoric, the present article argues for a four-part typology to account for most recent instances of such rhetoric. The analysis reveals that few who employ the terminology of an “Islamic Reformation” consider the specific details of its implicit analogy to the Protestant Reformation, but rather use this language to add emotional weight to various prescriptive agendas. However, some examples demonstrate the potential power of the analogy to illuminate important aspects of religious, social, and political change in the modern Islamic world.

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Ahmad, Humaira. „Reformation: Religious, Political and Social Consequences for Western Society“. Journal of Islamic Thought and Civilization 01, Nr. 01 (März 2011): 71–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.32350/jitc.11.05.

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Theibault, John, und Ronnie Po-Chia Hsia. „Social Discipline in the Reformation: Central Europe, 1550-1750“. Journal of Interdisciplinary History 22, Nr. 3 (1992): 515. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/205007.

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Scott, T. „Social Discipline in the Reformation: Central Europe 1550-1750“. German History 13, Nr. 1 (01.01.1995): 115–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gh/13.1.115.

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Cervantes-Ortiz, Leopoldo. „The Protestant Reformation and Social Justice in Latin America“. Ecumenical Review 69, Nr. 2 (Juli 2017): 249–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/erev.12286.

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de Coninck, Frédéric. „L’exil, une reinterpretation de la reforme radicale au XXe siecle“. Moreana 44 (Number 171-, Nr. 3-4 (September 2007): 72–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/more.2007.44.3-4.8.

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The social configuration of exile means the minority presence of a social group that builds a different lifestyle and different beliefs from the majority while coexisting with that majority in the same place. This configuration, valued in a surprising way, in the Jewish prophetism of the exile period, has long faced strong oppositions. The Christendom society wanted, from this point of view, a homogeneous society. The Reformation has produced divisions, but has not destroyed, as a first step, the local uniformity of convictions and life choices. The radical Reformation, which has valued, from 1523, individual choice against a religion imposed or controlled by the state had all the attributes needed to conceive itself as living in a position of exile. This has not been the case. The pressure for social homogeneity was too strong at the time. It was not before the twentieth century, when rereading the legacy of the radical Reformation in the context of an increasingly fragmented society, that the subject was finally raised.

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Žigon, Tanja. „Prispevki Petra pl. Radicsa (1836–1912) o obdobju reformacije na Kranjskem“. Stati inu obstati, revija za vprašanja protestantizma 16, Nr. 32 (20.12.2020): 287–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.26493/2590-9754.16(32)287-310.

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Contributions of Peter von Radics (1836–1912) on the Reformation Period in Carniola Publicist, editor, historian and ardent researcher of the Carniolan history Peter von Radics (1836–1912) was one of the most prolific authors of his time. His bibliography contains more than 550 titles, 76 of which are lengthy discussions published in books. In his texts, Radics examined historical, cultural-historical, ethnographic, genealogical and theatrical topics. He was also interested in economic and social issues, and in some papers, he focused on researching the Reformation and Counter-Reformation period in Carniola. The texts and discussions that Radics dedicated to this period can be divided into three sections. On the basis of collected and reviewed archival material, he published a few fragments from the history of Reformation and Counter-Reformation in Carniola, shed light on the role of women in the Reformation and Counter-Reformation period, and reconstructed the lives of selected protagonists in short biographical sketches. He was strongly committed to the noble family of Auerspergs (Turjaški), who—Count Anton Alexander von Auersperg (1806–1876) in particular—financially supported his research and often helped him out of financial difficulties. This is one of the reasons why one of his monographs, dedicated to Herbard VIII. Turjaški (published in 1862), had long been considered a fundamental work and the most comprehensive biography of this Carniolan hero in the fight against the Turks and an ardent advocate of Protestantism. Radics also reprinted and briefly commented on the funeral sermon of Krištof Spindler (1546–1591) at Herbard’s funeral in September 1575. Radics’ contributions on the Reformation and Counter-Reformation period are based on archival sources and testify to the author’s professional and scientific competencies. The article lists such publications and briefly presents their content. Keywords: Peter von Radics, history of Reformation, history of Counter-Reformation, Herbard VIII. Turjaški, Auersperg family

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Wolfer, Amanda Yvette. „Identify Reformation Through Vegan Communities“. Earth Common Journal 7, Nr. 1 (19.10.2017): 58–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.31542/j.ecj.1239.

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Through content analysis of three relevant research essays, this study examines how vegan communities contribute to the reformation of the cultural identity of vegan-identifying persons. Jessica Greenebaum’s (2012) research on identity and authenticity studies the different ways in which people classify themselves, and how they negotiate and reform their cultural identities. Elizabeth Cherry’s (2006) research on veganism as a cultural movement emphasizes the importance that a strong social network has on maintaining a vegan lifestyle. Finally, Mary Jane Collier’s (2015) article on identity and communication identifies norms, symbols, and meanings unique to the vegan culture and community. I hypothesize that ethical concerns are the main force behind adopting a vegan lifestyle. I want to further understand the role that community plays in forming a vegan identity, and, overall, to affirm that community is essential to maintaining, and thriving in, a vegan lifestyle. Vegan individuals, who are able to connect with other vegans, adhere more strictly to a plant-based diet. In comparison, vegans who do not partake in any social organizations or vegan networks are more likely to adapt the definition of veganism to fit their lifestyle. Community and networks play a considerable role in accountability, and they allow people not only to define themselves as vegan, but also permit others to identify as vegan, too.

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Wang, Xue Ying, Dong Xu und Ya Jun Wu. „Analysis about Existing Buildings for Energy Saving“. Applied Mechanics and Materials 193-194 (August 2012): 62–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.193-194.62.

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Along with the quick development of social economy, consumption of the energy is more and more serious. Saving energy’s reformation not only can lower a building energy effectively but also can improve the environment of the inner and exterior of building. For improving the quality level of life, it has very aggressive meaning. Existing building consuming energy is serious in all buildings.Its economy energy reformation is particularly important. The paper set out a few current aspects economize on energy the technique project from the doors and windows, out wall, and roof etc. and policy suggestion of reformation from the actual circumstance.

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Slivka, Daniel. „Reformation versus Council of Trent and Rules for Interpretation from 16th to 19th“. E-Theologos. Theological revue of Greek Catholic Theological Faculty 3, Nr. 1 (01.04.2012): 28–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10154-012-0003-z.

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Reformation versus Council of Trent and Rules for Interpretation from 16th to 19th Council of Trent confronts "sola Scriptura" the Holy Scripture and Tradition without explaining their mutual relation. At that time, the term Tradition was considered to refer to customs of the Church which dealt with the faith and practice of homily. The council emerged at the time of difficult social, agricultural, and political situation in Europe. Religious disputes were connected with the reformation which took place in Europe. Catholic reformation started even before Protestant one and Council of Trent and its findings were results of it.

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Muchariman, Randi. „The Power of Language in Indonesia’s Reformation“. Politik Indonesia: Indonesian Political Science Review 4, Nr. 1 (15.01.2019): 121–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/ipsr.v4i1.13698.

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Indonesia’s Reformation in 1998 is a political change driven by the power of civil society and very much determined by the discourse in hegemonic struggle. One of the most influential intellectual ideas and leadership styles of reformation and civil society is suggested by Nurcholish Madjid. This article examines the twenty-year problems of Reformation in the view of Gramsci’s theory of hegemony by analyzing Nurcholish Madjid’s ideas. There is an intellectual imperialism which makes the national ideas embedded in the Preamble of the 1945 Constitution unable to be developed to guide the national life due to the irrelevant social sciences. This article uses the approach of discourse analysis on Indonesian Preamble of the 1945 Constitution text. The explanation shows the possibilities and the expectations after twenty years of Reformation in Indonesia.

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Raḥman, Fida ur, und Rashid Aḥmed. „Role of Masjid in Social Reformation in Contemporary Pashtun Society“. Journal of Islamic and Religious Studies 2, Nr. 2 (09.02.2020): 45–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.36476/jirs.2:2.12.2017.18.

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Pulpit and Masjid play very pivotal and productive role in a Muslim society. It not only educates and guides Muslims in religious matters as well shapes the social attitude and role of Muslims. Moreover, it is evident by the history that Islamic State was run by the Head of the State from Masjid. Unfortunately, pulpit and Masjid have been losing sense of their actual responsibility as an agent of social cohesion, integration and reformation. The paper is an attempt of studying the current role of pulpit and Masjid regarding religious education and training, exploring the factors that have been hampering the way of realizing the dream of social reformation in contemporary Pashtun society by not allowing pulpit and Masjid to play its due role in this respect and suggesting feasible recommendation for coping with the issue. The study is based on primary data that was collected through questionnaire in District Bannu and Lakki Marwat.

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Vasileva, Svetlana. „COUNTER-REFORMATION IN GERMANY“. Studia Humanitatis 16, Nr. 3 (Dezember 2020): 28–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.15393/j12.art.2020.3621.

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The article studies the Counter-Reformation process in Germany and the neighboring European ter-ritories in a wider context as a complex of geopolitical, social and religious problems growing in Europe in the 15th and the 16th centuries. The study aims at finding connections between the Reformation processes launched by Martin Luther and the subsequent course of German history during the Counter-Reformation. The article focuses on the situation in Germany against a wider background of the developments in the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation. This paper con-tinues the author’s previous article on the German Reformation and Martin Luther’s role in it. It ex-amines the consequences of the Reformation that brought Germany on the edge of a humanitarian disaster in the Thirty Years’ War. The course of the war, as well as its geopolitical causes and con-sequences for Germany and for the whole of Europe are also investigated. The author describes and analyzes a broad historical and political context which determined the circumstances and reasons for many European states’ participation in the Thirty Years’ War, as well as the consequences of the Peace of Westphalia.

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Hugason, Hjalti. „Áhrif siðbótarinnar á Íslandi. Tilraun til jafnvægisstillingar. Fyrri grein.“ Kynbundið ofbeldi II 19, Nr. 1 (14.06.2019): 255–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.33112/ritid.19.1.14.

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n 2017 the 500th anniversary of the Lutheran Reformation was celebrated. Then there was a huge discussion about the impact of the Reformation on church, culture and society. In this article and in a second one that follows, this question will be raised, especially in Icelandic context.Here it is assumed that it is only possible to state that a change has occurred or a novelty has arised because of Lutheran influence if it can be demonstrated that the Reformation is a necessary prerequisite for the change / innovation being discussed. Here it is particularly pointed out that various changes that until now have been traced to the Reformation can have been due to the development of the central-con-trolled state power. It is also pointed out that, due to the small population, rural areas and simple social structure, various changes that occurred in urban areas did not succeed in Iceland until long after the Reformation. Such cases are interpret-ed as delayed Lutheran effects. Then, in Iceland, many changes, which were well matched to the core areas of the Reformation, did not work until the 18th century and then because of the pietism. Such cases are interpreted as derivative Lutheran effects.In Iceland two generalizations have been evident in the debate on the influence of the Lutheran Reformation. The first one emphasizes an extensive and radical changes in many areas in the Reformation period and subsequent extensive decline. It is also stated that this regression can be traced directly to the Reformation and not to other fenomenons, e.g. the development of modern, centralized state. The other one states that the Reformation was most powerful in the modernization in both the church and society in Iceland.This article focuses on the influence of the Reformation on religious and church life. Despite the fact that the Reformation has certainly had the broadest and most direct effects on this field, it is noteworthy that the church organization itself was only scarsely affected by the Reformation. After the Reformation the Icelandic church was for example almost as clergy-orientaded as in the middle Ages.

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Špániová, Marta. „Social Influences on the Typographic Medium in the Reformation and Counter-Reformation Period in Bratislava, the Capital of Hungary“. Z Badań nad Książką i Księgozbiorami Historycznymi 15, Nr. 3 (30.09.2021): 357–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.33077/uw.25448730.zbkh.2021.670.

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Over the centuries, the typographic medium and book printing responded to the political, economic, cultural, and social conditions very sensitively. The author deals with social influences on the development of book printing in Bratislava from the fifteenth century when the first printer is documented in the town. She ponders the reasons for the long absence of typographic activities in Bratislava from the late fifteenth century to the early seventeenth century. Paradoxically, the Reformation gave an impetus to the further development of book printing in Bratislava, as a Catholic printing house was established there in direct response to Reformation printing in Hungary. Therefore, the author also examines the conditions of Reformation printing to which the beginnings of publishing activities are tied in the territory of Slovakia. In the second part of the study, she focuses on Catholic Revival literature published in Bratislava in the seventeenth century, which played an important role in implementing Catholic reforms in Hungary.

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Yajurvedi, D., und D. Hake. „Efficacy of the Reformative Theory of Punishment in India“. CARDIOMETRY, Nr. 25 (14.02.2023): 368–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.18137/cardiometry.2022.25.368377.

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Most of the criminal justice systems worldwide adopt the reformative tools and techniques with the prime object to introduce reformation in convicts instead of using age-old coercive techniques. The Indian criminal justice is not an exception to this. Indian criminal jurisprudence believes in the reformative theory of punishment where the criminal shall be treated with as much goodwill and humanity as a normal citizen. It believes in the capacity of a person to change and usually holds the surroundings responsible for influencing a specific type of deviant behavior. The intention is to review whether reformative theory also counts as a form of ‘punishment’ or is a mere form of intervention. If the same qualified as the latter, then whether the same is conclusive? Attempts at social integration for the criminals may be successful, provided there is readiness on behalf of both the parties involved. The rate of success in India is adjusted due to external factors such as lack of education, population explosion, and social morality. The collateral impacts of recidivism are something that needs to be studied to the cause of rehabilitative theory. Further, in this paper, researchers have reviewed the efficacy and various facets of the reformative theory of punishment.

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van der Pol, Frank. „Simon Oomius on the Elderly“. Church History and Religious Culture 95, Nr. 2-3 (2015): 256–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18712428-09502004.

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This contribution connects the issue of spiritual leadership with the religious ideas and ecclesiastical and social environment of a seventeenth-century Dutch preacher, dr. Simon Oomius (1630–1706). Oomius represents the movement known as the Further Reformation (Nadere Reformatie), or Reformed Pietism. The focus is on his perception of old age. Through a close reading of his treatise Cierlyke Kroon, this article highlights a specimen of pastoral leadership associated with the seventeenth-century Dutch Reformed theologia ascetica. Seven qualities for his spiritual leadership can be traced: Oomius’s own old age, his spirituality, academic education, use of examples, hermeneutic competence, ability to empathise, and spiritual training.

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Von Friedeburg, Robert. „Dickens, the German Reformation, and the issue of nation and fatherland in early modern German history“. Historical Research 77, Nr. 195 (01.02.2004): 79–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2281.2004.00199.x.

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Abstract This article offers an outline of the historiographical developments in German Reformation history since the later nineteen-sixties. It argues that Dickens picked up major issues in his treatment of the German Reformation that have again come to the fore in recent years. In particular, his combination of local social history with the history of political thought, and with the history of the new pamphlet medium that emerged from the early sixteenth century, allowed him to try to connect these different arenas of research. This remains a primary concern for current Reformation research, as pioneered by studies such as Andrew Pettegree's book on Emden.1

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Eaton, David H. „The Economists of the Reformation“. SAGE Open 3, Nr. 3 (04.07.2013): 215824401349486. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2158244013494864.

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Barnes, Robin B. „Varieties of Apocalyptic Experience in Reformation Europe“. Journal of Interdisciplinary History 33, Nr. 2 (Oktober 2002): 261–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/00221950260208706.

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Recent studies have created an ever-fuller picture of Western apocalypticism in its various forms. Scholars have become more aware of the need to understand how apocalyptic conceptions have shaped and expressed group identities. In Reformation and early modern studies, one current challenge is to analyze end-time outlooks in relation to the formation of confessional cultures, and with regard to the broader social process of “confessionalization.” Differences in the character and intensity of apocalyptic expectancy among the major confessional cultures raise questions about their so-called “functional equivalence” so far as promoting social change was concerned.

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Johnson, Susan M. „Luther's Reformation and (Un)Holy Matrimony“. Journal of Family History 17, Nr. 3 (Juni 1992): 271–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/036319909201700303.

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How dramatic was Martin Luther's impact on the Reformation family? By moving away from a history of politics and theology to the beliefs and practices of common people, scholars drawing from many disciplines paint portraits of Reformation families that differ little from those that preceded and followed them. Available information on household climate, the divorce rate, the social role of women, child-rearing practices, and education lead one to conclude that Martin Luther affected little enduring change in European families.

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Li, Hong Lang. „Research on the Relationship of Government Fiscal Revenue and Social Security Expenditure“. Advanced Materials Research 403-408 (November 2011): 5278–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.403-408.5278.

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The rapid growth of China’s economy since reformation has attracted worldwide attention, among those various types of reformation, the measure of central government’s delegation of its financial power to local government is considered as one of the important factors that contribute to the astonishing economic growth. However, this measure also caused competition among regions as well as differences among each region in economic scale. In China with a ageing population structure, social security expenditure is always an important item among its local financial expenditures, and the burden of local finance. This article mainly researches whether various fund expenditures in security system are affected by the differences of development level and economic scale among each province, city and area in China. It summarized the development history of China’s security system, analyzed its problems existed, and summed up the relationship between social security system and government fiscal revenue.

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Rufaiqoh, Elok, Umi Sumbulah, Ahmad Nuruddin, Asmad Hanisyi und Zainal Arifin. „Hassan Hanafi's Reformation in The Islamic World“. JURNAL ISLAM NUSANTARA 7, Nr. 2 (30.12.2023): 158. http://dx.doi.org/10.33852/jurnalnu.v7i2.448.

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This research analyzes Hassan Hanafi's liberation thoughts: Al-Turats wa Al Tajdid, hermeneutics of liberation, and the Islamic left. The method used in this research is library research with a descriptive-analytic method, namely using interpretive analysis of books by Hassan Hanafi as primary data and articles, research journals, and other scientific works related to the research object as secondary data. The research results show that Al Turats Wa Tajdid is a significant project in the revival of Islam. This Hanafi idea changed the concept of Islamic theology from theocentric to anthropocentric. The second is Hassan Hanafi's hermeneutics of liberation using three methods: 1) Historical-Criticism, 2) Eidetic-Conciusness, and 3) Practical-Conciusness. The third is the movement for the liberation of Islamic thought called the "Islamic Left". This movement is intended to fight colonialism, Zionism, and Western hegemony, as well as the oppressive ruling elite, as well as against ignorance and confinement. This research makes a significant contribution in inspiring readers to follow the renewal of Hanafi thought, which elevates Islamic theology as a driver of social change and solutions to social problems, as well as changing the Islamic theology curriculum to focus on social reality rather than just God.

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정경일. „All Believers Are Prophets: Social Spirituality for the Third Reformation“. Theology and Philosophy ll, Nr. 30 (Mai 2017): 57–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.16936/theoph..30.201705.57.

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Ellis, Steven G. „:Social Life in Pre-Reformation Dublin, 1450–1540“. Sixteenth Century Journal 51, Nr. 3 (01.09.2020): 846–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/scj5103124.

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DAVIES, Rebecca Ufuoma. „Gender Issues for Social Reformation in Contemporary African Women's Fiction“. European Modern Studies Journal 7, Nr. 2 (25.05.2023): 54–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.59573/emsj.7(2).2023.06.

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Contemporary African women's fiction has been a significant site of exploration for issues of gender and its intersections with other identity markers such as race, class, and sexuality. This paper provides an overview of the gender issues present in contemporary African women's fiction and analyzes how these authors are engaging with feminist thoughts and theories in their works. The paper begins by exploring the patriarchal nature of African societies and how this has been challenged by African women writers through their portrayal of female characters who resist societal norms and expectations. The paper then analyzes the various forms of oppression that African women face, including sexual violence, female genital mutilation, and forced marriages. Additionally, the paper considers the role of African women in politics and how they are represented in literature. The paper argues that contemporary African women writers are challenging Western feminist thoughts and developing forms of feminist theory that are more inclusive and relevant to African contexts. The study concludes that African women's fiction is an important site of feminist discourse and offers valuable insights into the gender issues that affect African women today.

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Hugason, Hjalti. „Áhrif siðbótarinnar á Íslandi: Tilraun til jafnvægisstillingar. Síðari grein“. Íslenskar kvikmyndir 19, Nr. 2 (24.10.2019): 209–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.33112/ritid.19.2.9.

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In 2017 the 500th anniversary of the Lutheran Reformation was celebrated. Then there was a huge discussion about the impact of the Reformation on church, culture and society. In this article and in an another one published in last number of this journal, this question will be raised, especially in Icelandic context. Here it is assumed that it is only possible to state that a change has occurred or a novelty has arised because of Lutheran influence if it can be demonstrated that the Reformation is a necessary prerequisite for the change / innovation being discussed. Here it is particularly pointed out that various changes that until now have been traced to the Reformation can have been due to the development of the central-controlled state power. It is also pointed out that, due to the small population, rural areas and simple social structure, various changes that occurred in urban areas did not succeed in Iceland until long after the Reformation. Such cases are interpreted as delayed Lutheran effects. Then, in Iceland, many changes, which were well matched to the core areas of the Reformation, did not work until the 18th century and then because of the pietism. Such cases are interpreted as derivative Lutheran effects.In Iceland two generalizations have been evident in the debate on the influence of the Lutheran Reformation. The first one emphasizes extensive and radical changes in many areas in the Reformation period and subsequent extensive decline. It is also stated that this regression can be traced directly to the Reformation and not to other fenomenons, e.g. the development of modern, centralized state. The other one states that the Reformation was most powerful in the modernization in both the church and society in Iceland.This article focuses on the influence of the Reformation in the field of culture and society. These include e.g. the closure of monasteries and the consequences of it in the field of welfare, which have been widely discussed in recent times.The final conclusion of these two articles is that the main influence of the Reformation is found in the field of faith itself, and that the Reformation made it easier for the Lutheran Church than the two traditional denominations, the Roman Catholic Church and that Orthodox one, to meet the modernization in culture and society.

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Lisowski, Piotr, Ivan Kopaygora, Volodymyr Morozov und Liliya Mykhailenko. „MARTIN LUTHER AS A DEFENDER OF DEMOCRACY!“ Scientific Journal of Polonia University 30, Nr. 5 (29.10.2018): 136–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.23856/3015.

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The theoretical analysis of the philosophical - legal views of the theologian Martin Luther, the German religious and social figure, is presented. His main democratic ideas during the Reformation period in Germany and the countries of Western Europe are demonstrated. The stages of the struggle for the reform of the Catholic Church and for the return of its bases to their correspondence to the Bible from the Reformation times till the present time, are revealed.

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