Thematische Bibliographien / Social policy – history

Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Social policy – history“

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Veröffentlicht am 26. Juli 2024

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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Social policy – history"

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Cadhla, Stiofán Ó. „History And Social Policy“. Irish Studies Review 18, Nr. 1 (Februar 2010): 109–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09670880903533466.

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Brandt, Allan M. „AIDS: From Social History to Social Policy“. Law, Medicine and Health Care 14, Nr. 5-6 (Dezember 1986): 231–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-720x.1986.tb00990.x.

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Szreter, S. „History, Policy and the Social History of Medicine“. Social History of Medicine 22, Nr. 2 (02.06.2009): 235–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/shm/hkp006.

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Lissner, Will. „Policy Interaction in Britain's Social History“. American Journal of Economics and Sociology 47, Nr. 2 (April 1988): 238. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1536-7150.1988.tb02034.x.

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Seip, Anne‐Lise. „Science and social policy“. Scandinavian Journal of History 16, Nr. 1-2 (Januar 1991): 27–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03468759108579208.

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Abreu, Luciano Aronne de, und Nathalia Henrich. „Catholicism and Social Policy“. Historical Reflections/Réflexions Historiques 49, Nr. 2 (01.06.2023): 7–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/hrrh.2023.490202.

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Abstract The objective of this article is to carry out a case study on the doctrinal principles of corporatism supported by Brazilian jurist Francisco José de Oliveira Viana and by American economist and theologian John A. Ryan. It analyzes the influence of tenets of Catholic doctrine stated in papal encyclicals Rerum Novarum (1891) and Quadragesimo Anno (1931) in their ideas and the adequacy of their principles to the solution of economic and social problems faced during the Vargas and Roosevelt administrations. For this purpose, in addition to the encyclicals, we analyze the works Problemas de direito sindical and Direito do trabalho e democracia social by Oliveira Viana and A Program of Social Reform by Legislation and Capital and Labor by Ryan.
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Rennie, Ruth. „History and policy-making“. International Social Science Journal 50, Nr. 156 (Juni 1998): 289–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-2451.00131.

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Toliboeva, Nodira Odiljonovna. „PROCESSES OF PUBLIC POLICY TRANSFORMATION FOR WOMEN“. CURRENT RESEARCH JOURNAL OF HISTORY 02, Nr. 07 (31.07.2021): 34–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/history-crjh-02-07-07.

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The article analyzes the changes in the state policy towards women in the Republic of Uzbekistan and its main stages, the creation of the necessary legal and social guarantees for women, as well as state measures to solve social problems among women. It also highlights the responsibilities of the Mahalla and Family Support Ministry towards women.
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Griffith, Charles H., Steven A. Haist, John F. Wilson und Eugene C. Rich. „Housestaff Social History Knowledge“. Evaluation & the Health Professions 19, Nr. 1 (März 1996): 81–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016327879601900106.

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Podolsky, Vadim. „History of social policy in the USA“. Polylogos 4, Nr. 2 (12) (2020): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.18254/s258770110011127-1.

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Dissertationen zum Thema "Social policy – history"

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Ditch, J. S. „Social policy in Northern Ireland between 1939 and 1950“. Thesis, University of Ulster, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.304111.

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Davis, Peter. „Power-resources and social policy in Bangladesh : a life-history perspective“. Thesis, University of Bath, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.423490.

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This is a study of social welfare and ill-fare in Bangladesh. The overarching thesis can be summarised as follows: Informal forms of social protection playa vital role in protecting the poor in Bangladesh during times of crisis, making the 'welfare regime' in Bangladesh distinct from welfare systems described in social policy studies of welfare states. In order to understand the role of this social protection within the 'welfare regime' of Bangladesh in a holistic way, both macro and micro-level research approaches were followed. The macro-level study provided a landscape view of the range of the more formal and sectored basis of the welfare mix, and macro-trends in welfare outcomes, such as aggregate poverty or inequality. However, a more balanced picture is obtained when the actions and trajectories of poor people are examined at the micro-level. Using life stories to uncover these complex micro-level realities, I examined how particular episodes of crisis, coping and opportunity tend to have disproportionate consequential importance in the life trajectories of poor people in Bangladesh. The research shows that a better understanding of people's own interpretations of their behaviour during these critical episodes would help analysts and policy makers to more clearly recognise causes of impoverishment, the structured violence people face in their everyday lives and the way that formal and informal channels of 'social protection' succeed or fail to mitigate these crises. These patterns are 'structured' because the distribution of 'powerresources' in communities is affected by, and affects, both patterns of crisis and the workings of (formal and informal) social protection. The formulation and analysis of social policy in such contexts can be better informed by exploring the way micro-level social realities are linked to wider social structures. This thesis explores these linkages and aims to inform further research and policy aimed at improving both the formal and informal social protection of the vulnerable in developing contexts.
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Vaganay, Arnaud. „Evidence-based policy or policy-based evidence? : the effect of policy commitment on government-sponsored evaluation in Britain (1997-2010)“. Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2014. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1040/.

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In most mature welfare states, policy evaluations are sponsored by the very organisations that designed and implemented the intervention in the first place. Research in the area of clinical trials has consistently shown that this type of arrangement creates a moral hazard and may lead to overestimates of the effect of the treatment. Yet, no one so far has investigated whether social interventions were subject to such ‘confirmation bias’. The objective of this study was twofold. Firstly, it assessed the scientific credibility of a sample of government-sponsored pilot evaluations. Three common research prescriptions were considered: (a) the proportionality of timescales, (b) the representativeness of pilot sites; and (c) the completeness of outcome reporting. Secondly, it examined whether the known commitment of the government to a reform was associated with less credible evaluations. These questions were answered using a ‘meta-research’ methodology, which departs from the traditional interviews and surveys of agents that have dominated the literature so far. I developed the new PILOT dataset for that specific purpose. PILOT includes data systematically collected from over 230 pilot and experimental evaluations spanning 13 years of government-commissioned research in the UK (1997-2010) and four government departments (Department for Work and Pensions, Department for Education, Home Office and Ministry of Justice). PILOT was instrumental in (a) modeling pilot duration using event history analysis; (b) modeling pilot site selection using logistic regression; and (c) the systematic selection of six evaluation reports for qualitative content analysis. A total of 17 interviews with policy researchers were also conducted to inform the case study and the overall research design. The results show little overt evidence of crude bias or ‘bad’ design. On average, government-sponsored pilots (a) were based on timescales that were proportional to the scope of the research; (b) were not primarily designed with the aim of warranting representativeness; and (c) were rather comprehensively analysed in evaluation reports. In addition, the results indicate that the known commitment of the government to a reform had no significant effect on the selection of pilot sites and on the reporting of outcomes. However, it was associated with significantly shorter pilots. In conclusion, there is some evidence that the known commitment of a government to a reform is associated with less credible evaluations; however this effect is only tangible in the earlier stages of the research cycle. In this respect, sponsorship bias would appear to be more limited than in the context of industry-sponsored clinical trials. Policy recommendations are provided, as this project was severely hindered by important ‘black box’ issues and by the poor quality of evaluation reports.
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Puentes, German. „Unravelling the policy-making process : the case of Chilean poverty-alleviation policy“. Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2009. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1048/.

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The thesis investigates the policy-making process underpinning the poverty-alleviation programmes created in Chile during the 1990s and the first part of the 2000s. Three programmes developed by the governing Concertacion Alliance during this period are selected. The un-researched characteristic of this subject in Chile is the main reason for choosing this topic. The thesis maps and explains the policy-making process of the three programmes, by identifying main events, actors and mechanisms behind the unfolding of events. Data is obtained from 32 interviews applied to key process actors to obtain their narratives of the processes. The Multiple Streams Model of the policy-making process is employed as theoretical framework. Results highlight that the processes occur in a highly closed fashion inside government. The main actors involved are the President and his ministers who are able to command the events that lead to the creation of a new programme. The political stream plays a fundamental role in the process as the pro-equity approach of the governing coalition creates a window of opportunity for the introduction of poverty-alleviation programmes. The problems stream is also important, thanks to the availability of poverty statistics that are produced every two years by the Concertacion Alliance governments. However, the processes differ from the Multiple Streams Model as no independent policy stream was found to exist. Instead, solutions are created by governments in a punctuated manner and during a short timeframe to accomplish political deadlines, when the government considers that the problem deserves to be addressed. The absence of a policy stream is explained by the policy monopoly that the government enjoys in the poverty arena, where no policy contestants exist. In particular, Chilean social policy experts constitute a small and non-articulated group of individuals usually excluded from the policymaking process, enabling the government to ignore them.
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Bateman, Rebecca Belle. „Social science, evidence, and social policy : the role of ideology, and the importance of history“. Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/26238.

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Current enthusiasm for evidence-based social policy, which emphasizes the importance of randomized, controlled trials, cost-benefit assessments, and other quantitative methodologies, owes much to earlier periods of history in which social science research was seen as the key to effective policies and programs to combat poverty, homelessness, and welfare dependency. This thesis contributes to the literature on deliberative policy analysis within planning theory by examining the historical context of evidence-based policy, using the history of poverty knowledge in the United States as an example, to illustrate that underlying ways of thinking about the causes of social issues continue to underpin current attempts at addressing them. Two case studies are presented: current approaches to homelessness interventions, and attempts to break up concentrated poverty through the creation of socially mixed residential neighbourhoods. In the case of the former, cost-benefit analysis, originally developed in the 1950s to evaluate weapons systems and later applied to the assessment of social programs, has come to define current discourse about homelessness and how most effectively to deal with it. Social constructions of the “deserving” and “undeserving” poor, nineteenth century concepts, continue to influence the way in which the poor and homeless are viewed. Ideas about the ill effects of the residential concentration of poverty, which also date to the nineteenth century, inform social mix strategies that seek to stop the “cycle of poverty” through re-development into mixed-income neighbourhoods, and through dispersal strategies such as housing vouchers. Any attempt to analyze how evidence informs social policy must take into account the historical context in which decisions are made, and the resilience of the underlying ideological beliefs and assumptions upon which they are based. Researchers need to acknowledge the inherently political nature of the knowledge they produce, and embrace rather than avoid the opportunity to subject their interests and assumptions to scholarly scrutiny and debate. Most importantly, social scientists, through forging closer ties with service providers and their clients, need to recognize and emphasize the value of expertise and knowledge based in practice, and the lived experience of individuals, in the formation and evaluation of social policy.
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Brown, Susan E. „Politics commerce and social policy in the City of London 1782-1802“. Thesis, University of Oxford, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.334086.

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Srisantisuk, Somparat. „Pro-poor tourism policy in Thailand“. Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2015. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3146/.

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This study is an attempt to determine how tourism and tourism development policies, strategies and initiatives impact income generation and employment opportunities in a rural ethnic community. The research consisted of both qualitative and quantitative methods. In-depth interviews, focus group discussions and participatory observations from various stakeholders were used to obtain qualitative data. The quantitative data were gathered using a researcher-developed questionnaire to obtain data from 330 households in Had Bai Village, Chiang Rai Province, northern Thailand. The research findings demonstrate that the well-being of the poor and the impact of the Thai government‘s One Tambon One Product (OTOP) project in terms of livelihood improvement were distributed unequally across the village. The information from the qualitative and quantitative data revealed that the OTOP project improved slightly the livelihood outcomes of villagers in the group which fully participated in the scheme. By contrast, the villagers who were aware of OTOP but did not participate used their right to borrow funds to make independent investments and buy consumer goods. Members of this group were thus unable to repay their loans on time, had no return on their investment and had the highest amount of debt. Those villagers who were unaware of the OTOP scheme and did not participate were the poorest in the village. An analysis of this third group revealed that non-participation was largely due to a lack of access to information. Moreover, these families did not regard themselves as poor. They were happy with their simple life and did not perceive any benefit in participating in the pro-poor tourism project introduced by the Thai government. Pro-poor tourism may benefit the poor in many parts of the world; however, in the case of Thailand it works mainly as a catalyst to improve the overall livelihood outcome of the poor and cannot be expected to enhance the individual livelihoods of the poorest. This study contributes to the literature in various ways. First, it is the first of its kind to investigate thoroughly Thailand‘s pro-poor tourism development policy. Second, it has attempted to assess pro-poor tourism from many vantage points: international standards, livelihood impacts, and the assets and vulnerability of the poor. Third, the key success model developed from the outcome of the thesis can be used by Thailand and other developing countries in their efforts to develop more effective pro-poor tourism policies in the future.
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Corrie, Elizabeth M. „Social development and social policy in Guinea : health and education 1958-1984“. Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1988. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/13702/.

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Guinea, a former French colony, experienced an abrupt severing of relationships with the colonial power when President Sékou Touré rejected De Gaulle’s offer of becoming part of a French commonwealth of nations and opted for total independence instead. France withdrew all support, trade and personnel within a matter of days, and Sékou Touré attempted to develop this new nation along strongly independent and ideological lines. He made a verbal commitment to social development and evolved an ambitious programme to develop the health and education services. This thesis uses dependency theory as a tool of analysis to ascertain whether independent, autonomous development indeed took place, particularly in the fields of health and education, once the break with the metropolis was made. The period under review, 1958 - 1984, was the period of Sékou Touré’s presidency. The four criteria used to assess the measure of development achieved are: a) The successful rejection of Western models of development. b) Equal development and an equal distribution of resources between the regions. c) No urban/rural imbalance. d) Services available for all rather than limited to an elite. In the light of these criteria, Guinea was indeed able to experience some measure of independent, autonomous development, more particularly in education. The health sector had been less developed as only 2.1% of the national budget was devoted to it in 1981, compared to 17.6% spent on education in 1980. The inequalities in the health service were particularly noticeable in the urban/rural imbalance, Conakry in particular enjoying a larger share of available resources, but this was not the case in education where no such imbalance appeared to exist. The area of Labé emerged as the least developed area of the country but the discrepancies in provision were not too marked. Guinea also achieved much in the promotion of women and the eradication of elites, especially among the different ethnic groups. With the death of President Sékou Touré in 1984, Guinea's experimenting with a revolutionary form of development came to an end. The nation's future, now in the hands of the military, is uncertain.
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Shafer, Linda K. „Rethinking the history of social welfare policy : poverty, citizenship and ideology in antebellum debates /“. view abstract or download file of text, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/uoregon/fullcit?p9986758.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2000.
Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 253-266). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.
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Lorenz, Walter. „Towards a European Paradigm of Social Work: Studies in the history of modes of social work and social policy in Europe“. Doctoral thesis, Technische Universität Dresden, 2004. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A24577.

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This dissertation analyses the relationship between social work and social policy in Europe from a comparative historical perspective. Central to this analysis is the dynamic interplay of forces which led to the consolidation of the European nation state as a welfare state, including the current crisis of the welfare consensus. The role of social work emerges as central to the project of national cultural integration, a perspective which frequently gets overlooked from a purely national perspective. Social works enmeshment with this nation state project is revealed in the current transformation of the welfare states in the light of neo-liberal principles and in the context of globalization. This perspective underlines the need for the development of intercultural communicative competences and in particular a consistent anti-racist approach in social work. At the same time the particular position in relation to social policy requires the development of research methods specific to the discipline in the light of its hermeneutic tasks.
Die Arbeit behandelt die Beziehung zwischen Sozialer Arbeit und Sozialpolitik in Europa aus vergleichender historischer Perspektive. Untersucht wird die Dynamik des Nationalstaats und seine Konsolidierung als Wohlfahrtsstaat bis zur gegenwärtigen Krise des Wohlfahrtskonsenses. Dabei gewinnt die Rolle der Sozialen Arbeit in der Aufgabe kultureller Integration besondere Bedeutung, da dies aus rein nationaler Sicht oft nicht zu erkennen ist. Ihre Verkoppelung mit dem Nationalstaat wird besonders deutlich in der gegenwärtigen Transformation durch neo-liberale Prinzipien im Kontext der Globalisierung. Hieraus ergeben sich neue Aufgaben für die Soziale Arbeit, insbesondere in Bezug auf die Entwicklung interkultureller kommunikativer Kompetenzen und eines konsistenten antirassistischen Ansatzes. Gleichzeitig erfordert die besondere sozialpolitische Position die Entwicklung disziplinspezifischer Forschungsansätze im Lichte der hermeneutischen Bedeutung der Sozialen Arbeit.
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Bücher zum Thema "Social policy – history"

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Sophie, Watson, und Doyal Lesley, Hrsg. Engendering social policy. Philadelphia, Penn: Open University Press, 1999.

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Daniel, Paul. Children and social policy. Basingstoke: Palgrave, 1998.

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Bryan, Fanning, Hrsg. Theorising Irish social policy. Dublin: University College Dublin Press, 2004.

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Splane, Richard B. George Davidson: Social policy and public policy exemplar. Ottawa: Canadian Council on Social Development, 2003.

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Splane, Richard B. George Davidson: Social policy and public policy exemplar. Ottawa, ON: Canadian Council on Social Development, 2004.

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Gabriel, Kiely, Hrsg. Irish social policy in context. Dublin, Ireland: University College Dublin Press, 1999.

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1963-, Dalley Bronwyn, und Tennant Margaret, Hrsg. Past judgement: Social policy in New Zealand history. Dunedin, N.Z: University of Otago Press, 2004.

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William, Beinart, und McGregor JoAnn, Hrsg. Social history & African environments. Oxford: James Currey, 2003.

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Fiona, Dukelow, Hrsg. Irish social policy: A critical introduction. Dublin: Gill & Macmillan, 2009.

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Hill, Michael J. Social security policy in Britain. Aldershot, Hants, England: E. Elgar, 1990.

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Buchteile zum Thema "Social policy – history"

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Stokman, Frans N. „Policy Networks: History“. In Encyclopedia of Social Network Analysis and Mining, 1–13. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-7163-9_85-1.

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Stokman, Frans N. „Policy Networks: History“. In Encyclopedia of Social Network Analysis and Mining, 1291–301. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-6170-8_85.

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Stokman, Frans N. „Policy Networks: History“. In Encyclopedia of Social Network Analysis and Mining, 1801–13. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7131-2_85.

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Hothersall, Steve J. „A history of social policy“. In Social Policy for Social Work, Social Care and the Caring Professions, 25–45. 2nd Edition. | New York : Routledge, 2020. | Revised edition of Social policy for social work, social care and the caring professions, c2010.: Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429324598-3.

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Cummins, Linda K., Katharine V. Byers und Laura Pedrick. „Examining Social Welfare History“. In Policy Practice for Social Workers, 26–76. 2. Aufl. New York: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315157559-3.

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Eilers, Kerstin. „Social Policy and Social Work in 1928“. In History of Social Work in Europe (1900–1960), 119–28. Wiesbaden: VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-80895-0_13.

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Leisering, Lutz. „Nation State and Social Policy: An Ideational and Political History“. In Thinking About Social Policy, 1–22. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-19501-3_1.

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Taylor, David. „Trade and Trading Policy Since 1750“. In Mastering Economic and Social History, 332–67. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-19377-6_20.

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Fideler, Paul A. „Poverty, Policy, and History (c.1780–1810)“. In Social Welfare in Pre-Industrial England, 173–90. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-04334-4_7.

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Nulman, Eugene. „Brief History of Climate Change Policy and Activism“. In Climate Change and Social Movements, 8–23. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137468796_2.

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Konferenzberichte zum Thema "Social policy – history"

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Zulkarnain. „History Curriculum Policy for Highschool In New Order Era“. In Joint proceedings of the International Conference on Social Science and Character Educations (IcoSSCE 2018) and International Conference on Social Studies, Moral, and Character Education (ICSMC 2018). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icossce-icsmc-18.2019.65.

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Nenicka, Lubomir. „IMMIGRATION AND CHANGES OF SOCIAL POLICY IN CZECHOSLOVAKIA BEFORE SECOND WORLD WAR“. In SGEM 2014 Scientific SubConference on ANTHROPOLOGY, ARCHAEOLOGY, HISTORY AND PHILOSOPHY. Stef92 Technology, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgemsocial2014/b31/s10.065.

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Rezer, Tatiana. „History of Corruption & Social Values“. In The Public/Private in Modern Civilization, the 22nd Russian Scientific-Practical Conference (with international participation) (Yekaterinburg, April 16-17, 2020). Liberal Arts University – University for Humanities, Yekaterinburg, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.35853/ufh-public/private-2020-75.

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A study of the history of corruption and the penalties for it has inadvertently led to the conclusion that this socially dangerous phenomenon not only fails to disappear from public administration, but continues to remain and increase, having the features of a transnational phenomenon that affects societies and economies of all countries. Throughout history, there has been an evolution of corruption parallel to the evolution of the state. Corruption undermines democratic institutions and values and the ethical values of the individual, leading to a double standard of behaviour in both public service and civil society. In Russia, corruption is recognised by both officials and the population. The main purpose of the study is to examine the manifestation of corruption and methods of counteracting it from a historical perspective. Objectives: analyse the forms and methods of corruption control as viewed through the prism of historical experience; consider contemporary manifestations of corruption from a position of social values. Research methods: a comparative analysis method to investigate the manifestation of corruption and the possibilities for its prevention from a historical perspective. Main conclusions: corruption is a multi-faceted and multi-dimensional phenomenon that is seen and studied as an economic, political, social and cultural problem; social values are the basis of a modern preventive mechanism against corruption; public policy against corruption is the main mechanism and strategy.
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Zhan, Xinhuan. „The history and development trend of China s sports industry policy“. In International Academic Workshop on Social Science (IAW-SC-13). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/iaw-sc.2013.88.

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Motuz, V. K. „METHODOLOGICAL BASIS OF STUDYING SOVIET SOCIAL POLICY IN THE UKRAINIAN VILLAGE BEFORE THE IMPLEMENTATION OF A NEW ECONOMIC POLICY IN IT“. In POLITICAL SCIENCE, PHILOSOPHY, HISTORY AND SOCIOLOGY: DEVELOPMENT AREAS AND TRENDS IN UKRAINE AND EU. Baltija Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/978-9934-588-91-4-16.

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Novikova, O. F. „FORMATION OF THE POLICY OF STABILITY (RESILIENCE) OF THE SOCIAL AND LABOR SPHERE OF UKRAINE IN THE CONDITIONS OF MARTIAL LAW AND POST-WAR RECOVERY“. In HISTORY, POLITICAL SCIENCE, PHILOSOPHY, AND SOCIOLOGY: DEVELOPMENT TRENDS IN THE 21ST CENTURY. Izdevnieciba “Baltija Publishing”, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/978-9934-26-343-9-13.

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Chang, Chun-Yu Wu. „From Nonprofit Organization to Social Enterprise - Case Study of Taiwan Lifeline International“. In Japan International Business and Management Research Conference. RSF Press & RESEARCH SYNERGY FOUNDATION, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31098/jibm.v1i1.227.

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The purpose of this study aims to explore the possibilities of Taiwan Lifeline International turning into a social enterprise to remediate the burden of scarce resources. The European and American countries provide their people with good welfare through the support of government resources and policy. However, after several financial recessions, the financial shortfall makes the governments rethink their welfare policy. "Nonprofit organizations" therefore start to play an important role in providing various services to people in need. Governments of different countries constantly provide resources and assistance to nonprofit organizations over the years. By the case study of Taiwan Lifeline International, conclusions with profound insight and some possible solutions can be helpful to nonprofit organizations encountering similar challenges. This study investigates the history of nonprofit organizations in social enterprise. The second part of this study continues with the case study of Taiwan Lifeline International, which provides insights on the challenges and possible solutions of the transformation process from nonprofit organizations to social enterprise.
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ROHRBACH, Wolfgang. „PANDEMIJE I POLITIKA OSIGURANjA KROZ VREME“. In MODERNE TEHNOLOGIJE, NOVI I TRADICIONALNI RIZICI U OSIGURANjU. Association for Insurance Law of Serbia, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/xxsav21.132r.

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Th e corona pandemic is incredible and, allegedly, a new phenomenon for many Europeans. Th at is why few people know the history of European pandemics. Th e lack of interest (disinterest) in historical development is due to the misconception of many experts. Preventive care and advances in medicine and technology always require only “looking ahead”. Th is (future-oriented) advanced way of thinking and acting meant that any disease that has epidemic proportions can, in the shortest possible time, be “defeated”. However, history shows that in Europe, from the Middle Ages until today, not a century has passed without epidemics or pandemics, and that signifi cant lessons and conclusions for the future could be drawn from any such crisis. Since the 18th century, development has tended more and more towards an insurance-oriented health and social policy, which in the 19th century was called insurance policy. By combining traditional experience with new or modifi ed concepts based on the principle of “preserving tradition, shaping the future”, the insurance industry can adapt to the new requirements of health and social policy, even in a crisis caused by the coronavirus. In this case, there is digitization, with the help of which it is possible to network with new studies and data, in order to improve quality.
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Moy, James S. „SOVEREIGN GEOGRAPHIES, ERRANT PARTS & EVERYTHING IN ITS PLACE“. In 2024 SoRes Dubai –International Conference on Interdisciplinary Research in Social Sciences, 19-20 February. Global Research & Development Services, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.20319/icssh.2024.128149.

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We exist in a significant geo-political nexus in the history of global development. African nations of the Sahel and indigenous peoples around the world have begun to kinetically resist neo-colonial initiatives to reimpose past suppressions. This paper surveys developments from 15th and 16th Century Papal Bulls through, government legislation and policy developments including the American Indian removal act of 1830, Berlin Conference of 1884-85, the Morgenthau Plan, late 20th Century Neo-Colonial exploitation and continuing early 21st century attempts at re-inscription of emergent rentier oppressions and trajectories. Within this context, this piece concludes with a pointed discussion of social media and its place in subverting the governmental attempts to control the narrative of the global order in light of recent geo-political developments and the global history of suppression.
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Chukov, Vladimir S. „Kurdish migration waves to Rojava (Northern Syria)“. In 6th International e-Conference on Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences. Center for Open Access in Science, Belgrade, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.32591/coas.e-conf.06.07085c.

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This study aims to present the Kurds and the Kurdish migration waves to Rojava (Northern Syria). The accumulation of huge Kurdish masses on the territory of today's Syria is the result of millennial waves of migration caused by the turbulent events in the Middle East. The article analyzes: The Kurdish settlements in Syria; The French colonial authorities; The French colonial policy in the Middle East; The migration flow to Syria. The authors of the in-depth study of modern Syrian Kurdistan, The Question of Syrian Kurdistan – Reality, History, Mythologisation, argue that in the twentieth century there were two main waves of migration to northern Syria. One is expansionist and the other is restrictive. They form the current profile of the Kurdish community in Syria.
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Berichte der Organisationen zum Thema "Social policy – history"

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Devereux, Stephen. Policy Pollination: A Brief History of Social Protection’s Brief History in Africa. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), Dezember 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ids.2020.004.

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The relatively recent emergence and sustained rise of social protection as a policy agenda in Africa can be understood as either a nationally owned or ‘donor-driven’ process. While elements of both can be seen in different countries at different times, this paper focuses on the pivotal role of transnational actors, specifically international development agencies, as ‘policy pollinators’ for social protection. These agencies deployed a range of tactics to induce African governments to implement cash transfer programmes and establish social protection systems, including: (1) building the empirical evidence base that cash transfers have positive impacts, for advocacy purposes; (2) financing social protection programmes until governments take over this responsibility; (3) strengthening state capacity to deliver social protection, through technical assistance and training workshops; (4) commissioning and co-authoring national social protection policies; (5) encouraging the domestication of international social protection law into national legislation. Despite these pressures and inducements, some governments have resisted or implemented social protection only partially and reluctantly, either because they are not convinced or because their political interests are not best served by allocating scarce resources to cash transfer programmes. This raises questions about the extent to which the agendas of development agencies are aligned or in conflict with national priorities, and whether social protection programmes and systems would flourish or wither if international support was withdrawn.
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Wolf-Williams, Jenifer. Perspectives on Asylum Policy: Going to the Borderlands and Coming to Terms with US History, Social Sentiment, and Hope. Center for Migration Studies of New York, Mai 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.14240/cmsesy050820.

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Crafts, Nicholas, Emma Duchini, Roland Rathelot, Giulia Vattuone, David Chambers, Andrew Oswald, Max Nathan und Carmen Villa Llera. Economic challenges and success in the post-COVID era: A CAGE Policy Report. Herausgegeben von Mirko Draca. CAGE Research Centre, November 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31273/978-1-911675-01-3.

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In 2008 there was an expectation of major reform to social and economic structures following the financial crisis. The European Union (EU) referendum of 2016, and the UK’s subsequent exit from the EU in 2020, was also signalled as a turning point that would bring about epochal change. Now, in the waning of the coronavirus pandemic, we are experiencing a similar rhetoric. There is widespread agreement that the pandemic will usher in big changes for the economy and society, with the potential for major policy reform. But what will be the long-term impacts of the pandemic on the UK economy? Is the right response a “new settlement” or is some alternative approach likely to be more beneficial? This report puts forward a new perspective on the pandemic-related changes that could be ahead. The central theme is assessing the viability of epochal reform in policymaking. There seems to be a relentless desire for making big changes; however, there is arguably not enough recognition of how current settings and history can hold back these efforts. Foreword by: Dame Frances Cairncross, CBE, FRSE.
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Manning, Nick, und Mariano Lafuente. Leadership and Capacity Building for Public Sector Executives: Proceedings from the 2nd Policy and Knowledge Summit between China and Latin America and the Caribbean. Inter-American Development Bank, Februar 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0007965.

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This discussion paper summarizes the proceedings at the Second China-Latin America and the Caribbean Policy and Knowledge Summit, focusing on leadership and capacity building for public sector executives. The event, sponsored by the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences and the Inter-American Development Bank, was held in Beijing and Shanghai, China in 2015. The paper discusses practices related to the management and training of public executives in China, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Jamaica, and Peru, and provides a general context for these practices in OECD and Latin American and Caribbean countries. The Summit identified common challenges among the countries, despite the obvious differences in terms of size and history, such as finding a balance between political neutrality and technical capacity and ensuring high ethical standards to address low citizen trust in the public sector.
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Vuksanović, Vuk. Between Emotions and Realism: Two Faces of Turkish Foreign Policy in the Balkans. Belgrade Centre for Security Policy, Juni 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.55042/wzvw6831.

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Turkey’s more assertive posture towards the Balkans is neglected compared to the commentariat that deals with Russia and China. To fill this policy gap, the research team of the Belgrade Centre for Security Policy (BCSP) has conducted research based on the analysis of secondary source material and, even more importantly, on fieldwork interviews that involved 16 sources, academics and think tank researchers based in Istanbul and Ankara. Although the consulted sources have different backgrounds and political sympathies, the research established a presence of common themes. Namely, Turkish foreign policy in the Balkans has two aspects. The first is based on emotions, where Turkish foreign policy towards the region is framed by Turkey’s special ties with the region based on shared history, social connections, identity factors and the legacy of the Ottoman Empire. The Balkan country that is most frequently mentioned in the context of special ties with Turkey is Bosnia and Herzegovina, in light of socio-cultural ties and the fact that it is a country in which the Ottoman legacy is felt most strongly. The second approach is rooted in traditional foreign policy realism derived from an objective and calculated assessment of the regional balance of power and one’s own interests. Within this approach, Turkey is trying, for security and strategic reasons, to act pragmatically and be effective in the Balkans without entangling itself in crises that could impede its regional influence. This approach leads Turkey towards engaging Serbia, the region’s strategically consequential country, because Ankara is deeply convinced that if it wishes to be effective in the Balkans, it needs to have a partnership with Belgrade. In doing so, it must strike a balance between emotions and realism. It needs to walk the fine line between nurturing ties with communities with which it has cultural and religious ties, like Bosniaks and Albanians, while avoiding alienating countries whose partnership Ankara needs to be able to succeed in the Balkans, such as Serbia.
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Arora, Saurabh, Arora, Saurabh, Ajit Menon, M. Vijayabaskar, Divya Sharma und V. Gajendran. People’s Relational Agency in Confronting Exclusion in Rural South India. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), Dezember 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/steps.2021.004.

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Social exclusion is considered critical for understanding poverty, livelihoods, inequality and political participation in rural India. Studies show how exclusion is produced through relations of power associated with gender, caste, religion and ethnicity. Studies also document how people confront their exclusion. We use insights from these studies – alongside science and technology studies – and rely on life history narratives of ‘excluded’ people from rural Tamil Nadu, to develop a new approach to agency as constituted by two contrasting ways of relating: control and care. These ways of relating are at once social and material. They entangle humans with each other and with material worlds of nature and technology, while being mediated by structures such as social norms and cultural values. Relations of control play a central role in constituting exclusionary forms of agency. In contrast, relations of care are central to the agency of resistance against exclusion and of livelihood-building by the ‘excluded’. Relations can be transformed through agency in uncertain ways that are highly sensitive to trans-local contexts. We offer examples of policy-relevant questions that our approach can help to address for apprehending social exclusion in rural India and elsewhere.
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Crooks, Roderic. Toward People’s Community Control of Technology: Race, Access, and Education. Social Science Research Council, Januar 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.35650/jt.3015.d.2022.

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This field review explores how the benefits of access to computing for racialized and minoritized communities has become an accepted fact in policy and research, despite decades of evidence that technical fixes do not solve the kinds of complex social problems that disproportionately affect these communities. I use the digital divide framework—a 1990s policy diagnosis that argues that the growth and success of the internet would bifurcate the public into digital “haves” and “have-nots”—as a lens to look at why access to computing frequently appears as a means to achieve economic, political, and social equality for racialized and minoritized communities. First, I present a brief cultural history of computer-assisted instruction to show that widely-held assumptions about the educational utility of computing emerged from utopian narratives about scientific progress and innovation—narratives that also traded on raced and gendered assumptions about users of computers. Next, I use the advent of the digital divide framework and its eventual transformation into digital inequality research to show how those raced and gendered norms about computing and computer users continue to inform research on information and communication technologies (ICTs) used in educational contexts. This is important because the norms implicated in digital divide research are also present in other sites where technology and civic life intersect, including democratic participation, public health, and immigration, among others. I conclude by arguing that naïve or cynical deployments of computing technology can actually harm or exploit the very same racialized and minoritized communities that access is supposed to benefit. In short, access to computing in education—or in any other domain—can only meaningfully contribute to equality when minoritized and racialized communities are allowed to pursue their own collective goals.
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Bohuslavskyj, Oleh. UKRAINIAN-CANADIAN NEWSPAPER “NEW PATHWAY”: WINNIPEG PERIOD (1941-1977). Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Februar 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vjo.2022.51.11391.

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The subject of the study is the ideological, financial, economic and socio-social conditions of the publishing house and the editorial board of the magazine “New Pathway” Winnipeg period 1941-1977. The main objectives is to determine the peculiarities of the conditions of publishing a Ukrainian magazine in exile, which provides for the systematization and introduction into scientific circulation of factual material on creative and material activities of the “New Pathway” and socio-political environment that influenced the information and ideological and business policy of the publication. The basis of the research methodology is axiological, cultural, systemic approaches; methods of historicism, analysis, synthesis, generalization were used. The study provides not only a description of the historical path of the publication in this period, but also the reasons for miscalculations and successes, both financial and economic and socio-political, which allowed not only to stay in the information field and market for more than ninety years, technical circumstances of its existence, the political struggle in the new wave of emigration after World War II, changes in demographic and linguistic situation among the Ukrainian diaspora in Canada. The reasons for the situational increase and decrease in the activity of the publication’s subscribers were identified; the mechanisms of expanding the readership, attracting new readers and authors are analyzed; confirmed that the efforts of editors and directors of the publishing house at the initial stage of the Winnipeg period created and strengthened the material and technical base of the publishing house, conducted advertising campaigns and direct work to attract new subscribers and readers; The significance of the study is that for the first time in Ukraine the information about the Winnipeg period of the Ukrainian-Canadian weekly “New Pathway”, its financial and financial problems and creative and editorial successes was analyzed and summarized, thus filling another page in the history of Ukrainian diaspora periodicals.
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Barreix, Alberto Daniel, Jerónimo Roca und Fernando Velayos. Quo Vadis Income Tax?: Towards the PIT-CA. Inter-American Development Bank, November 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0007979.

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The income tax system has prevailed for more than 200 years. Its capacity to adapt to cultural, economic, political, and social change has made it the greatest raiser of revenue in human history. The 2008 financial crisis and its consequent fiscal crises brought about fundamental administrative changes, notably a greater impulse toward tax transparency. Those changes offer a challenge and an opportunity for the modification of income tax’s design. Financial systems in the developed countries, which needed huge bailouts in a context of widespread insecurity (intervention in banks and insurance companies, plunges in stock markets), ran the risk of losing the competitive advantages stemming from their institutional and regulatory stability. Sovereign debt thus grew dizzyingly as fiscal stimulus initiatives sought to recapitalize capital markets, matched by mounting social disquiet about high unemployment and the acceleration of income concentration. Thus, there was a convergence of interests among States and civil society to put an end to tax opacity. International cooperation commitments on automatic information exchange, more precise determination of business profits in each of the countries involved in the base erosion and profit shifting (BEPS) project, and knowledge of the beneficial owner, not only help curb tax evasion and avoidance but also make possible changes in tax policy. This study proposes a new form of income tax based on such administrative changes. It suggests a comprehensive personal income tax that covers all of a taxpayer’s worldwide income on an accrual basis (PIT-CA), with the corporate income tax that complements it in its functions as a policy instrument, tax control, and revenue advance (withholding) of the PIT-CA itself. The proposed tax covers a taxpayer’s entire global income, without exception, which is levied on an accrual basis and is fully integrated with corporate income tax. An individual’s final tax treatment will be that of the taxpayer’s country of residence, and therefore any moves designed to secure a lower tax at source will serve little. In our view, this architecture will make it possible to boost the tax’s revenue, efficiency, equity, simplicity, and “coordinability” relative to current models. There is no doubt that the structure of income tax must be modernized in the new circumstances, and this study seeks to contribute to that process.
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Chhoeung, Norinmony, Sesokunthideth Chrea und Nghia Nguyen. Cambodia’s Cash Transfer Program during COVID-19. Asian Development Bank Institute, Dezember 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56506/rrmz8095.

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In 2019, Cambodia had been enjoying its steady economic growth until the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic hit the country from February 2020 in the form of severe infectious diseases, causing both economic and social problems for people from all walks of life, especially poor and vulnerable families. The IDPoor Equity Card, a poverty identification and registration system, was introduced in Cambodia to provide cash to poor pregnant women and children since 2016. Given its continued success, Cambodian Prime Minister Samdech Hun Sen announced the implementation of the Cash Transfer Program (CTP) using the IDPoor Card system. The CTP provided cash to poor and vulnerable households across the country affected by the pandemic. Executing the first large-scale cash transfer program in history presented significant challenges for the Government of Cambodia. In addition to implementing the program, which had to adhere to the three principles of equity–equality–efficiency, the government had other challenges to overcome, such as the limited number of tablets and facilities to accommodate the many people waiting in line to withdraw cash. Under the guidance of the central government, particularly the Economic and Finance Policy Committee, a technical working group was established to lead the implementation process; coordination among local governments, local councils, agencies, and the poor and needy; review of the IDPoor database; establishment of the digital payment system; and training of local government staff. This enabled the CTP to effectively distribute cash to poor and vulnerable households during the pandemic.
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