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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Social conflict – history"
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Yatchenko, Volodymyr, und Oksana Oliinyk. „SOCIAL TRAUMA AS A CONFLICTOGENIC FACTOR IN UKRAINIAN STUDIES AND IN UKRAINIAN HISTORY“. Almanac of Ukrainian Studies, Nr. 25 (2019): 133–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2520-2626/2019.25.21.
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The article deals with aspects of the interconnection of the phenomena of social trauma and social conflict, especially in the context of modern Ukrainian society, as well as in the context of the problems of Ukrainian studies discourse. The authors note the extreme importance of the phenomenon of social trauma in the state of health, in the vital program of the individual, in the collective self-identification of social groups, in particular of nations, and the problems and specifics of the manifestation of social trauma in philosophical and sociological sciences. Social trauma is capable to influence the personality's understanding of the meaning of its existence, the interpretation of the direction of development of social processes, the content of interpersonal and intergroup relations in the society. As a result of the defeat of one of the parties of a social conflict, the trauma itself can turn into a conflict factor in the social organism. The authors emphasize the diverse impact of social trauma on the emergence and course of social conflicts in interpersonal and intergroup spheres in the history and contemporary realities of Ukrainian society. It is emphasized that social trauma can be caused not only by real but also by fictional events, which can also cause social conflicts. The article emphasizes the extremely important role of the value positions of the subjects of social conflict in the ranking of traumatic events in the Convention of Ukrainian Studies, shows the influence of these positions on the interethnic and interclass relations in Ukraine. The peculiarities of the connection of social trauma with social conflicts in the life of the modern Ukrainian society in the post-truth situation are also analyzed. The authors emphasize that provoking social conflict by means of creating a post-truth situation if post-truth speculates on real or imagined social trauma is especially dangerous for the society. An ongoing social conflict will be deep and lasting. The manipulation of historical facts by placing them in a post-truth situation is illustrated in the article by facts from the sphere of hybrid warfare conducted by the Russian Federation in the eastern territories of Ukraine. The article explores several aspects of the impact of social trauma on social conflicts in the context of anomie in the spiritual life of the Ukrainian society.
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Varga, Balázs. „Conflict Types in Hungarian Film History“. Acta Universitatis Sapientiae, Film and Media Studies 18, Nr. 1 (01.10.2020): 133–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ausfm-2020-0007.
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AbstractThe article introduces the collective research project entitled The Social History of Hungarian Cinema, 1931–2015, executed by the staff of Film Studies Department Eötvös Loránd University. This data-driven research aims to examine how and why Hungarian films have changed over time. Using the case study of conflict types in the plots of Hungarian films this study discusses the methodological problems of longitudinal explanations of change in Hungarian film history (periodization and dividing film between genre-based film and auteur films/art cinema). Based on the analysis of statistics and trends, the study presents the most important types of conflict in Hungarian film history. With respect to the political turning points and the periodization of Hungarian film history, the article states that each of the three broad periods (1931–1944, 1945–1989, 1990–2015) is characterized by its own distinctive set of prominent conflict types. The pre-1945 era is characterized by a massive number of love conflicts, the socialist period by the highest rate of political conflicts (and the lowest rates of love and crime conflicts), and the post-socialist period by a high rate of crime and generational conflicts. Furthermore, by analysing the connections between conflict types and genres, the study reveals recurring patterns and trends of shorter periods: it shows how the range of conflicts narrowed considerably over the 1970s and discusses the extent to which this is related to the dominance of auteur films in the era.
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Sukhov, Anatoliy Nikolaevich. „From the history of the formation of social conflictology“. Social'naja politika i social'noe partnerstvo (Social Policy and Social Partnership), Nr. 3 (13.03.2021): 192–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/pol-01-2103-04.
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This article examines the essence of the socio-psychological approach to understanding conflicts. The chronology of the development of social conflictology is objectively presented and restored in full, taking into account the contribution of those researchers who actually stood at its origins. The subject of the theory of social conflictology includes the patterns of conflict occurrence and manifestation. It analyzes the difficulties that occur in defining the concept, structure, dynamics and classification of social conflicts. Social conflictology is developing intensively: general theoretical prerequisites and foundations for creating a coherent theory have been created. It contributes to the development of optimal social policies and the professional training of social workers.
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Sukring, Sukring. „Solusi Konflik Sosial dalam Perspektif al-Qur’an“. Millati: Journal of Islamic Studies and Humanities 1, Nr. 1 (15.06.2016): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.18326/mlt.v1i1.103-122.
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Social life, if scrutiny is the main component of interaction between the members. In connection with the interaction among members was found various types. The types of social interaction in general include: cooperative (co-operation), competition (competition) and conflict (contention). In everyday social life seems besides characterized by cooperation, constantly marred by various forms of competition and conflict. Even in social life has never been found all citizens of all time cooperative. The teachings of Islam (al-Qur’an) has been tested in the history of the Prophet in unifying the Aus and Kasraj, warring for hundreds of years. Conflict and human, these two are inseparable. Therefore, conflict is a part of a necessity in life (min lawazim al-hayat) human. It is not excessive if some experts say that human history is a history of conflict. But that does not mean that the conflict left without any attempt to manage and mute. So this paper attempts to explore the spirit to manageand reduce conflicts and solutions in the perspective of the Koran.
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DeLury, Melissa. „Social Identity and Conflict Dynamics in Indian History Textbooks“. Journal of Educational Media, Memory, and Society 14, Nr. 2 (01.09.2022): 40–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/jemms.2022.140203.
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Abstract History textbooks play a critical role in their connection to conflict. While they can play a role in dehumanizing the “other” by propagating the myths and narratives of dominant groups, they can also play a transformational role in challenging discourses and narratives at the root of conflict. This article explores the relationship between social identity and conflict dynamics in India by examining textbooks from three periods of Indian history (colonial, post-independence, and the rise of the Bharatiya Janata Party from 1999 to 2004), in order to explore how religion became a salient marker of identity informing social boundary creations and conflict dynamics. This article concludes by suggesting opportunities for future research and possibilities for peace.
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Matthews, Sara. „Hitler's Car as Curriculum Text: Reading Adolescents Reading History“. Journal of the Canadian Association for Curriculum Studies 7, Nr. 2 (24.03.2010): 49–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.25071/1916-4467.22342.
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In this paper I explore how adolescents and beginning teachers encounter and respond to Hitler’s private limousine, a prominent and controversial exhibit at the Canadian War Museum. I first consider the conflicts of learning at stake when the curriculum contains representations of social trauma and war. I then draw from psychoanalytic perspectives on human development to think about what happens when conflict as it is represented in the world outside meets conflict in the individual’s inner world or psychology. Several research questions are raised: How do adults ‘read’ adolescents reading history and understand adolescents’ emotional connections to difficult historical objects? Further, how are these reading practices shaped by the traumatic losses that the concept of adolescence, as a category of the human, works to contain? What adolescence, as both a lived experience and social and developmental entity must endure, I argue, is the nostalgic hope for an adult world reconciled as free from conflict and human suffering. The paper conceptualizes how difficult it is for adults to separate their own conflicts of making a relationship to history from those of the adolescent learner and to encounter the adolescent as more than a story of historical consolation.
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Berthold, Richard M., und Alexander Fuks. „Social Conflict in Ancient Greece“. American Historical Review 92, Nr. 1 (Februar 1987): 104. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1862794.
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Daiute, Colette, Ellie Buteau und Caren Rawlins. „Social-Relational Wisdom: Developmental Diversity in Children’s Written Narratives About Social Conflict“. Narrative Inquiry 11, Nr. 2 (31.12.2001): 277–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ni.11.2.03dai.
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Research has focused on perspective-coordination as a central mechanism and achievement of social development. Theorists have raised questions about whether and how cultural, social, and personal experiences affect such a process. Children from historically discriminated backgrounds, for example, have reasons to be especially knowledgeable about the perspectives of others, but whether and how such knowledge complicates normative developmental patterns requires further inquiry. This paper describes “narrative social wisdom,” extending cognitive-developmental notions of perspective-coordination with a discourse analysis of 224 autobiographical and fictional narratives about social conflict by 56 children identifying as African American (15), Latino (16), and White (25) in 3rd and 5th grades in urban schools. Analyses illustrate social wisdom in children’s context-sensitive representations of conflicts, in particular, via dramatic within- and across-group differences in representations of conflict resolution processes. Notable contrasts include the greater complexity of conflict strategies in autobiographical narratives by African American children compared to relatively elaborated conflict strategies in fictional narratives by White children. These and other results illustrate how children juggle resources from sociocultural histories with requirements of mainstream institutions. Conflict representations in fictional narratives were, moreover, consistent with cognitive developmental theory, but, as predicted, autobiographical narratives captured diversities that alter developmental patterns. We discuss the relevance of these results for theory and practice around social relational development and skills.
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Rima, Ingrid H. „Class Conflict and Adam Smith's “Stages of Social History”“. Journal of the History of Economic Thought 20, Nr. 1 (März 1998): 103–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1053837200001619.
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The Wealth of Nations (WN) is not a book from which we expect much enlightenment about class conflict. In spite of well-known passages referring to the diverging interests of workers, landlords and capitalists, the impression most have of WN is one of relative harmony among the classes. Nevertheless, Book III, “Of the different Progress of Opulence in different Nations,” which is the briefest and also the least studied of the five books comprising WN, provides considerable insight into the historical origin of conflict among social classes that derive from economic causes, and the circumstances under which conflict promises to become a characteristic feature of the economic process in any society.1 A re-examination of Adam Smith's theory of natural price in the context of the “stages of social history” developed in Book III, leads to interpreting the prospect for class conflict as a more integral and substantive part of WN than is generally recognized by historians of economic thought.
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Chiang, Connie Y. „Monterey-by-the-Smell: Odors and Social Conflict on the California Coastline“. Pacific Historical Review 73, Nr. 2 (01.05.2004): 183–214. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3641599.
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In the first half of the twentieth century, fish odors created heated conflicts along the Monterey coastline. Few scholars in environmental history, however, have analyzed the significance of olfactory perceptions of the physical environment. This article examines two disputes in which odors became connected to larger power struggles over nature and society. The first conflict involved Chinese fishermen, whose squid-drying fields emitted unpleasant smells that precipitated a campaign to eliminate them. The second conflict emerged when the sardine factories along Cannery Row also created foul odors, prompting real estate developers and tourism-oriented politicians to take legal action. The debates over odors pitted tourism against fisheries and ultimately revealed Montereyans' divergent ideas about the types of people and activities that should shape the Pacific shoreline.
Dissertationen zum Thema "Social conflict – history"
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Rider, Nicholas Robert. „Anarchism, urbanization and social conflict in Barcelona, 1900 - 1932“. Thesis, Lancaster University, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.316474.
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Sebire, M. (Mark). „The conflict between the personal and the social in Salman Rushdie’s Shame; ‘History’ vs. ‘history’“. Master's thesis, University of Oulu, 2015. http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:oulu-201512122298.
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At its most simplistic, the novel Shame is a tale about the birth of the nation of Pakistan. Its author, Salman Rushdie, is perhaps uniquely placed to tell this tale. He was born in Bombay, then British India, on 19th June, 1947 to a wealthy Muslim family of Kashmiri descent. Less than two months after his birth, his country was subject to major political change. British India was divided, and the nation of Pakistan was created on 14th August, 1947. The following day India gained its independence from Britain. Rushdie was therefore born at a pivotal point in his country’s history. His upbringing and education is equally pivotal as it provides an insight into his writing style and perspective, as he is a product of both the Indian and British educational systems.
The central theme of this paper is that there are two distinct versions of history which are exposed in Shame; the official ‘History’ — with a capital ‘H’ — of the state, and the unofficial, personal ‘histories’ — with a small ‘h’ — of the characters in the novel. There is also the historical perspective of the author as well, which makes objective criticism complicated. The narrative process within the novel is a complex dialectic between the personal and the social; between what the state wishes people to believe has happened, and what people have actually witnessed, with the acknowledged limitations of memory and hindsight. The truth is a tantilising mirage; the closer the reader believes they are to it, the more Rushdie’s playful style leads them away. There are many views of the past depicted in the novel, therefore, but none of them could be described as definitive; they are all flawed by the subjectivity of the human condition. What Rushdie is doing, however, is forcing the reader to make up their own mind; to create their own ‘history’ from the versions he presents.
As well as being labelled as postcolonial writing, the novel has been described as postmodern fiction. Both of these assertions are examined in this paper. The “different” techniques that Rushdie applies in the telling of his story will be addressed in the first section of this paper. The second part of this paper details what I believe to be the main theme of the novel, which is the question of the nature of history, and the individual’s place within society. In telling his story, Rushdie is “creating” a history of his own. What is striking about this novel is that it illuminates the hazy uncertainty which exists between what people believe to be “fact” and what they see as “fiction”, and this is, of course, Rushdie’s point.
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Osman, Idil A. „Re-creating conflict : an examination of Somali diasporic media involvement in the Somali conflict“. Thesis, Cardiff University, 2015. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/86912/.
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Somalia has for more than two decades been in a perpetual state of conflict and more than a million Somalis have fled the initial civil war. Approximately 400,000 of them reside here in the UK. They have formed a large diasporic community and have set up their own websites and TV stations to remain engaged with the happenings of their homeland. Diasporic media is often hailed as a medium that allows immigrants to maintain their identity in their host country as well as providing a platform to sustain ties with their homeland. However, if these ties are being maintained with a homeland that is in a state of conflict, the potential to transport the dynamics of the conflict and re-create it amongst the diaspora audiences is very much a possibility. This thesis illustrates how diasporic media can re-create conflict through a theoretically developed and empirically informed argument that provides three analytically distinct approaches referred to as the three politics of non-recognition, solidarity and mobilisation. This thesis in essence, argues that diasporic media is more complex than what current scholars have demonstrated and that there is a need to broaden the scope of current academic debates concerning the interplay between diasporic media, transnationalism and conflict.
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Adeney-Risakotta, Farsijana. „Politics, ritual and identity in Indonesia : a Moluccan history of religion and social conflict /“. Yogyakarta : Farsijana Adeney-Risakotta, 2005. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb40121498z.
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Deeley, Susan Josephine. „Sexuality and people with learning disabilities : a conflict of ideologies“. Thesis, University of Glasgow, 1997. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/3413/.
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This study addresses the issues of sexuality and learning disability. It is concerned with the views of professionals working with adults with learning disabilities and their parental carers. The views of professionals and parents regarding relationships, marriage and parenthood are explored. These form the basis of the emerging grounded theory, which incorporates the discrepancies between their ideologies of care. Although the subject of sexuality highlights these inherent differences, it is essentially the issue of sterilisation which magnifies them. It exacerbates the tension and potential conflict between professionals and parents. Furthermore, the focus on sterilisation has ramifications concerning the conflict between public and private concerns. There is controversy regarding the validity of consent to sterilisation by people with learning disabilities. This is because there is a final legal arbiter, which in Scotland is provided by the tutor-dative system. Ideologies of care have changed principally through normalisation. Although this is now the accepted orthodox philosophy, there remain some professionals who adhere to the superseded ideology of institutionalisation. As a result, they are more similar to those of parents than they are to their professional colleagues. The wider implications of these disparate ideologies of care are examined with respect to social work-family relations. Although these differences are at present irreconcilable, suggestions of how to alleviate tension and potential conflict between these two groups are made. Finally, the implications of normalisation with regard to sexuality are also addressed.
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Viterbo, Hedi. „The legal construction of childhood in the Israeli-Palestinian conflict“. Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2012. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/592/.
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Swindlehurst, L. Catherine. „Trade expansion, social conflict and popular politics in the Spitalfields silkweaving community, c.1670-1770“. Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1999. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/272134.
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Höhne-Sparborth, Thomas. „The socio-economic spill-over effects of armed conflict on neighbouring countries“. Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2018. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3691/.
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This thesis explores the channels by which armed conflict may have wider regional effects through socio-economic spill-over effects. Collier (1999) has explored the economic consequences of civil war and other authors such as Murdoch and Sandler (2004) and de Groot (2010) have sought to verify the existence of neighbourhood effects through quantitative, large-N studies. These studies have only found mixed evidence of a net negative effect and have failed to identify the channels through which conflict affects neighbouring countries. This thesis adopts a case study approach to complement the longitudinal studies that have dominated the analysis of spill-over effects, focusing its primary case study on the example of Zambia, which experienced prolonged exposure to conflicts in Rhodesia, Mozambique, Angola and the DRC. Progressing from a survey of potential spill-over effects postulated in the existing literature, this thesis finds that the actual neighbourhood effects on Zambia have been more numerous and more ambiguous than previously acknowledged. In separate chapters on trade and investment, human capital and migration, food security, and military expenditure, this thesis assesses the range of effects by which these conflicts affected Zambia’s development. The thesis argues that trade and investment, agricultural policies, food security, and the escalation of government debt were affected by the pattern of regional instability, often in unexpected ways that defy easy generalisation. In addition to the Zambian case, the thesis offers a comparison with examples from Malawi, Belize, Jordan and Thailand. These supporting case studies demonstrate that the mechanisms identified in the study have widespread relevance in varied conflict situations, but that the net effect of individual channels of spill-over are dependent on local risk factors and policies. The thesis concludes with the provision of a framework outlining the various channels by which spill-over occurs, the risk factors involved, and possible policy responses.
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Devine-Wright, Patrick. „Tracing the hand of history : the role of social memories in the Northern Ireland Conflict“. Thesis, University of Surrey, 1999. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/699/.
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Egan, Clare Louise. „Community conflict in early-modern South-West England : provincial libels and their performance contexts“. Thesis, University of Southampton, 2014. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/377822/.
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With a particular emphasis on Devon, this thesis examines cases of early-modern libel as performances devised and enacted in the provincial communities of South-West England. In particular, it focuses on the Star Chamber records of libel from the counties of Devon, Cornwall, Dorset and Somerset during the reign of James I between 1603 and 1625. Whilst the performance-nature of libel has previously been acknowledged, there has not been any full scale analysis of early-modern provincial libels in terms of performance. This thesis argues that it was the performance of libel which made it a growing concern to those in authority and that provincial libel should be viewed in terms of a spectrum of performance. It also critically considers the view of this kind of libel that is currently implied by the selected publication of libel cases in the Records of Early English Drama volumes. The thesis includes an exploration of the uses of space and place by performance-based libel through the mapping of a sample of cases from Devon onto their contemporary landscape. The roles of women as spectators and engineers of libel performances are also examined, and this, in turn, necessitates careful consideration of the nature and limitations of the records through which accounts of provincial libel are received. Finally, the thesis applies literary analysis to the contents of those performance-based libels which used texts, in verse or prose, to defame their targets. From this analysis emerge features which can begin to define a genre of performance-based textual libel characterised by a distinctive authorial voice and a complex system of generic association. The study of the offence of libel at a local level in the South-West counties of England reveals sophisticated uses of performance in early-modern communal conflicts from all levels of society during a period of wider cultural, social and political change.
Bücher zum Thema "Social conflict – history"
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Angelis, M. De. Keynesianism, social conflict, and political economy. New York: St. Martin's Press, 2000.
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N, Pyakuryal Kailash, March Kathryn S, Acharya Bipin und Sociological and Anthropological Society of Nepal., Hrsg. Nepal in conflict: Theoretical underpinnings, conflict resolution, conflict transformation, and peace-building. Kathmandu: Sociological/Anthropological Society of Nepal, 2007.
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Africa Institute of South Africa, Hrsg. Elite conflict in Botswana: A history. Pretoria, South Africa: Africa Institute of South Africa, 2006.
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1948-, Davies Philip, Hrsg. Science fiction, social conflict, and war. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1990.
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O'Connell, John Morgan. Music and conflict. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 2010.
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Psaltis, Charis. History Education and Conflict Transformation: Social Psychological Theories, History Teaching and Reconciliation. Basingstoke: Springer Nature, 2017.
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Frank, Clements. Conflict in Afghanistan. Santa Barbara: ABC-CLIO, 2008.
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Nisbet, Robert A. The social philosophers: Community & conflict in Western thought. Toronto: Canadian Scholars' Press, 1993.
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Adediran, Biodun, und Isaac O. Albert. A history of social conflict and conflict management in Nigeria: A festschrift for Professor 'Biodun Adediran. Ibadan [Nigeria]: Peace and Conflict Studies Programme, Institute of African Studies, University of Ibadan, 2012.
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Albert, Isaac O. A history of social conflict and conflict management in Nigeria: A festschrift for Professor 'Biodun Adediran. Ibadan, Nigeria: Peace and Conflict Studies Programme, Institute of African Studies, University of Ibadan, 2012.
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Tomasiewicz, Kasia. „‘We are a social history, not a military history museum’“. In Museums, Modernity and Conflict, 213–34. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York : Routledge, 2020. | Series: Routledge research in museum studies: Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429295782-14.
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Restivo, Sal. „Conflict, Social Change, and Mathematics in Europe“. In Mathematics in Society and History, 61–96. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2944-2_7.
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Psaltis, Charis, Mario Carretero und Sabina Čehajić-Clancy. „Conflict Transformation and History Teaching: Social Psychological Theory and Its Contributions“. In History Education and Conflict Transformation, 1–34. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-54681-0_1.
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Dowling, Andrew. „1830–1939 Social conflict, national revival and ideological dispute“. In Catalonia: A New History, 110–28. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003218791-8.
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Buckley-Zistel, Susanne. „Effective History and the Beginning of the Teso Insurgency“. In Conflict Transformation and Social Change in Uganda, 54–73. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230584037_4.
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Psaltis, Charis, Renata Franc, Anouk Smeekes, Maria Ioannou und Iris Žeželj. „Social Representations of the Past in Post-conflict Societies: Adherence to Official Historical Narratives and Distrust Through Heightened Threats“. In History Education and Conflict Transformation, 97–122. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-54681-0_4.
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Quirico, Monica. „The Environmental Movement Between Institutionalization and Conflict“. In Palgrave Studies in the History of Social Movements, 137–63. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-27370-4_6.
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AbstractThis chapter aims to explore the development of this movement in Sweden in the 1980s, i.e. in that “middle-earth” between the formative period of a renewed environmental movement (1960s–1970s) and the completion of its institutionalization at global level in the 1990s. Theories of political opportunities structure have overlooked that the relation between the political arena and the complex galaxy of environmental groups was far from being uncomplicated. The chapter focuses precisely on this multifaceted interplay, which is studied through two cases of bottom-up mobilization, one at national level, the anti-nuclear campaign, and the other at local level: the struggle against the Scandinavian Link. How were institutions regarded by these activists? How did they experience the relation between representative and direct democracy, both in principle and in concrete terms (dialogue/confrontation with institutional representatives)? By addressing these issues, this chapter aims to contribute research on social movements with a more nuanced understanding of their oscillation between the institutional and the confrontational level. The sources are, besides secondary literature, bulletins and publications of the groups and associations involved in the two campaigns examined in this chapter as well as media articles.
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McCully, Alan, und Jacqueline Reilly. „History Teaching to Promote Positive Community Relations in Northern Ireland: Tensions Between Pedagogy, Social Psychological Theory and Professional Practice in Two Recent Projects“. In History Education and Conflict Transformation, 301–20. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-54681-0_12.
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Gale, Maggie B. „Performing conflict: beyond the First World War“. In A Social History of British Performance Cultures 1900–1939, 139–72. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2020. |: Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203730201-6.
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Wibowo, Andry. „Legalistic Humanism Between Conflict and Actualization of Humanity Concept in the History of War and Conflict“. In Proceedings of the Annual International Conference on Social Science and Humanities (AICOSH 2022), 14–18. Paris: Atlantis Press SARL, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/978-2-494069-87-9_3.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleKonferenzberichte zum Thema "Social conflict – history"
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Ozturan, Emrah, und Humanur Bagli. „Social Engineering through Artefacts: Fezzes–Hats Conflict at Early Turkish Republic“. In 9th Conference of the International Committee for Design History and Design Studies. São Paulo: Editora Edgard Blücher, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5151/despro-icdhs2014-0081.
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Mu’jizah, Mu’jizah, Mamlahatun Buduroh und Dina Susamto. „Spices Trade and Social-Political Conflict at Molucca in the Literature“. In 9th Asbam International Conference (Archeology, History, & Culture In The Nature of Malay) (ASBAM 2021). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.220408.105.
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Nofeli, Reihane, Seyede Simin Mirhashemi Dehkordi und Hojjat Mianabadi. „Theory of Institutional Peace and Peacebuilding in Transboundary River Basins“. In 8th Peace and Conflict Resolution Conference [PCRC2021]. Tomorrow People Organization, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.52987/pcrc.2021.014.
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ABSTRACT Social developments have led to prompt the significance of concentrating on peace and the factors influencing it throughout history. In order to analyze this concept, various theories have been proposed in the field of international relations and peace and conflict studies. Institutional peace theory is one of the prominent theories that emphasizes the role of international institutions to achieve meaningful change and cooperation among governments at the international level. Most researchers in the field of environmental challenges in general and water challenges in particular have also based liberal institutionalism in their research at the international level. Attention to the role of institutions in dealing with water conflicts and peacebuilding in transboundary river basins has led to the need to analyze the theory of institutional peace in the management of water conflicts. Accordingly, the purpose of the present study is to analyze the capacity of institutional peace theory in dealing with water conflicts in transboundary river basins. With this goal in view, while using library resources, the effectiveness of institutional peace theory in the management of water conflicts is analyzed. Based on the analyses, it can be acknowledged that despite the positive effect of water institutions in relieving water conflicts in some river basins, there are significant criticisms of this theory. KEYWORDS: Water Conflicts, Institutional Peace, Transboundary river basins, Institutionalism
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CAO, KAI, und KANG HONG. „RESEARCH AND APPLICATION OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGY IN THE PROTECTION OF HISTORIC BUILDINGS IN WUHAN—THE APPLICATION AND RESEARCH OF RED CAMPUS CULTURE IN COLLEGE DESIGN“. In 2023 9TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON SOCIAL SCIENCE. Destech Publications, Inc., 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.12783/dtssehs/isss2023/36050.
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With the rapid development of Chinese cities, many buildings with distinctive local cultural characteristics have been gradually destroyed. China is rich in architectural heritage, so it is urgent to protect and restore historic buildings. However, the traditional protection methods of historic buildings gradually fail, and may even cause further damage to historic buildings. With the continuous development of the construction industry, the traditional architectural design methods can no longer meet the needs of contemporary architects for information. BIM technology as a new generation of information technology, its application in the construction industry through the study of modern building characteristics, history and present situation, for historical buildings damaged by routine cannot repair, lack of protection consciousness lead to protection work is not in place, social economy and protection of historical buildings conflict protection problems, combined with domestic and foreign research on the protection of modern historical buildings, put forward BIM technology applied to the protection of modern historical buildings.
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Togawa, Satoshi, Akiko Kondo und Kazuhide Kanenishi. „Designing a Learning History Storing Framework with Blockchain Technology for Against Multi Hazards“. In AHFE 2023 Hawaii Edition. AHFE International, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1004304.
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On February 24, 2022, Russian forces began their invasion of Ukraine. As of May 2023, approximately 20% of Ukraine has been occupied by Russia, and the war is still ongoing. Conflicts and wars devastate many buildings, infrastructure, regional transportation networks, and telecommunications networks. The outbreak of war threatens the very existence of not only the occupied territories but also the nation itself. Obviously, this has a major impact on the continuity of social life itself.On January 30, 2020, the World Health Organization declared COVID-19 a Public Health Emergency of International Concern. This declaration remained in effect until its termination on May 5, 2023. During this period, the pandemic caused global logistical outages and disrupted human interaction. The outbreak of infection caused by the pandemic restricted the ability of people to meet or talk directly with each other.Extreme weather events caused by climate change are becoming more frequent and more damaging every year. In July 2022, temperatures exceeding 40°C were observed in eastern England for the first time in recorded history. Abnormally high temperatures caused by heat waves lead to major fires in the region. The largest wildfire in southwestern France burned more than 19,000 hectares of land. It is reported that more than 34,000 residents were evacuated.Whatever the cause, natural disasters or conflicts, they generally have a significant impact on the lives of citizens and social activities. The impacts are long-lasting. Depending on the type of disaster, the disaster recovery frameworks that have been effective in the past may not work in some situations.In the field of higher education, such as university education, the use of learning analysis, which aims to clarify learners' learning behavior based on their learning history, is being actively pursued. Learning histories are stored in public clouds such as Amazon Web Services and Google Cloud Platform, and are protected by the large-scale disaster recovery mechanism of cloud storage. However, the outbreak of war or regional conflict, or the occurrence of a disaster that threatens the survival of a country itself, makes it difficult to provide public cloud services, which are merely private commercial services. We must ensure that the learning history of learners, which cannot be recovered once it is lost, is stored and maintained even in multi-hazard situations.In this study, we construct a learning history storing framework that applies blockchain technology in order to store and maintain learners' learning history even in multi-hazard situations. By applying the decentralized and autonomous nature of blockchain technology, the learning history can be maintained and restored even in the event of a functional failure or data loss of information communication networks or data centers due to a disaster. In this presentation, we describe the design of a blockchain mechanism for learning history retention and describe a learning history retention mechanism linked to an existing Learning Management System. The design and effectiveness of the prototype system implemented for validation are also described.
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Castelao-Lawless, Teresa, und William Lawless. „Informing Science (IS) and Science and Technology Studies (STS): The University as Decision Center )“. In 2001 Informing Science Conference. Informing Science Institute, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/2416.
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Students of history and philosophy of science courses at my University are either naive robust realists or naive relativists in relation to science and technology. The first group absorbs from culture stereotypical conceptions, such as the value-free character of the scientific method, that science and technology are impervious to history or ideology, and that science and religion are always at odds. The second believes science and technology were selected arbitrarily by ideologues to have privileged world views of reality to the detriment of other interpretations. These deterministic outlooks must be challenged to make students aware of the social importance of their future roles, be they as scientists and engineers or as science and technology policy decision makers. The University as Decision Center (DC) not only reproduces the social by teaching standard solutions to well-defined problems but also provides information regarding conflict resolution and the epistemological, individual, historical, social, and political mechanisms that help create new science and technology. Interdisciplinary research prepares students for roles that require science and technology literacy, but raises methodological issues in the context of the classroom as it increases uncertainty with respect to apparently self- evident beliefs about scientific and technological practices.
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Чилькина, К. В. „Solidarity and social conflict in the field of the problem of formation and development of the social state (on the example of the recent history of state and law in Germany)“. In Социально-гуманитарные исследования: векторы развития науки и образования : материалы VIII научно-практической конференции с международным участием, посвященной Году педагога и наставника, г. Москва, МПГУ, 20–21 апреля 2023 г. Crossref, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.37492/isgo.2023.10.01.021.
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Williams, Titus, Gregory Alexander und Wendy Setlalentoa. „SOCIAL SCIENCE STUDENT TEACHERS’ AWARENESS OF THE INTERTWINESS OF SOCIAL SCIENCE AND SOCIAL JUSTICE IN MULTICULTURAL SCHOOL SETTINGS“. In International Conference on Education and New Developments. inScience Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36315/2021end037.
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This qualitative study is an exploration of final year Social Science education students awareness of the intertwined nature of Social Science as a subject and the role of social justice in the classroom of a democratic South Africa. This study finds that South African Social Science teachers interpret or experience the teaching of Social Science in various ways. In the South African transitional justice environment, Social Science education had to take into account the legacies of the apartheid-era schooling system and the official history narrative that contributed to conflict in South Africa. Throughout the world, issues of social justice and equity are becoming a significant part of everyday discourse in education and some of these themes are part of the Social Science curriculum. Through a qualitative research methodology, data was gathered from Focus Group Discussion (FGD) sessions with three groups of five teacher education students in two of the groups and the third having ten participants from the same race, in their final year, specializing in Social Science teaching. The data obtained were categorised and analysed in terms of the student teacher’s awareness of the intertwined nature of Social Science and social justice education. The results of the study have revealed that participants had a penchant for the subject Social Science because it assisted them to have a better understanding of social justice and the unequal society they live in; an awareness of social ills, and the challenges of people. Participants identified social justice characteristics within Social Science and relate to some extent while they were teaching the subject, certain themes within the Social Science curriculum. Findings suggest that the subject Social Science provides a perspective as to why social injustice and inequality are so prevalent in South Africa and in some parts of the world. Social Science content in its current form and South African context, emanates from events and activities that took place in communities and in the broader society, thus the linkage to social justice education. This study recommends different approaches to infuse social justice considerations Social Science; one being an empathetic approach – introducing activities to assist learners in viewing an issue from someone else’s perspective, particularly when issues of prejudice or discrimination against a particular group arise, or if the issue is remote from learners’ lives.
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D�Andrea, Fabio, und Isabella Corvino. „COMMUNITY ON THE LONG RUN“. In 9th SWS International Scientific Conferences on SOCIAL SCIENCES - ISCSS 2022. SGEM WORLD SCIENCE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.35603/sws.iscss.2022/s09.092.
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Being part of a community gives a sense of belonging, determining rules, values and the meaning of a given relationship (Corvino 2021)[2]. Today the use of the term is much wider than before and ranges from �classical� communities to virtual gatherings (Cavalli Sforza, Padoan 2013; Maffesoli 1988)[1,9]. This is hard to handle, but can be read as an interesting indicator of a deep social need that requires focusing and a better understanding. Moving from the first non-sedentary communities to contemporary web communities, the common factor could be identified in the search for the fundamental relation that is one of the essential components of our being human. Conflict and cooperation theory showed how this relation could be figured out, depending on the perception of risk and otherness. One way or another, for a long time humankind made use of long-term strategies to substantiate the bond as real: one of these had to do with large-scale enterprises and the common goal they offered, supported by robust values. This worked fine as long as such great realizations took more than a lifespan to be achieved and required some �passing of the baton� between generations. With the scientific revolution and the advent of techno-science we know today all this was put under a considerable strain: on the one hand projects began to be completed at great speed, without any reflection about possible consequences of this acceleration and with an increasing valorisation of speed itself (Virilio 2008)[14]; on the other hand, an economic instrumental perspective affirmed itself that denied any qualitative sense in human action and relation. This paper aims at analysing the changing meaning of community and relation through time. In particular it focuses on reintegrating within its idea the qualitative, relational sphere that a too abstract way of thinking did away with too hastily. This complex approach is in accordance with the most recent developments of research on humanity and a new appreciation of the sheer scale of our evolutionary history, which makes it hard to keep on believing that human beings are on their way to free themselves of corporeality and emotions to become all-rational virtual entities. The main result of the study aims at pointing out how with the changing perception of time as the shared path with the community in flesh and bones has changed the sense of relation, of gift and exchange.
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Erickson, Ian. „Bright Colors Beneath a White Shroud: Scandinavian Postmodernism and the Conservative Imaginary“. In 108th Annual Meeting Proceedings. ACSA Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.35483/acsa.am.108.72.
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Both academia and popular culture have neglected the movement of Scandinavian Postmodern architecture (ca. 1975-1990), a tradition eclipsed by Modernism as the prevailing aesthetic and social project in Scandinavia. In light of the last decade of Postmodernism’s resurgence in the architectural academy globally, and recent uses of Postmodern architectural principles by right-wing movements in Europe, it is a crucial time to revisit this obscured regional Postmodernism. The movement of Scandinavian Postmodern architecture coincided with political shifts in the region which were supported by both the right and left of the political spectrum causing a shared space of conflict and imagination. The political dimensions of Scandinavian Postmodernism will be explored primarily through a close reading of Danish Postmodern Architect and Writer Ernst Lohse’s 1986 manifesto “Our Construction Should be Based in the Irrational” (translated into English for the first time for this paper), where, despite Lohse’s own sympathy for the environmental movement, he adopts familiar conservative rhetoric, bemoaning the loss of Western culture and the limitations of the welfare state. This paper will reconstruct the obscured history of Scandinavian Postmodernism, using the case of Ernst Lohse to locate discourse that reveals the movement as a site of contention and overlap between diverging political groups and its particular appeal to the conservative imagination.
Berichte der Organisationen zum Thema "Social conflict – history"
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Devereux, Stephen. Policy Pollination: A Brief History of Social Protection’s Brief History in Africa. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), Dezember 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ids.2020.004.
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The relatively recent emergence and sustained rise of social protection as a policy agenda in Africa can be understood as either a nationally owned or ‘donor-driven’ process. While elements of both can be seen in different countries at different times, this paper focuses on the pivotal role of transnational actors, specifically international development agencies, as ‘policy pollinators’ for social protection. These agencies deployed a range of tactics to induce African governments to implement cash transfer programmes and establish social protection systems, including: (1) building the empirical evidence base that cash transfers have positive impacts, for advocacy purposes; (2) financing social protection programmes until governments take over this responsibility; (3) strengthening state capacity to deliver social protection, through technical assistance and training workshops; (4) commissioning and co-authoring national social protection policies; (5) encouraging the domestication of international social protection law into national legislation. Despite these pressures and inducements, some governments have resisted or implemented social protection only partially and reluctantly, either because they are not convinced or because their political interests are not best served by allocating scarce resources to cash transfer programmes. This raises questions about the extent to which the agendas of development agencies are aligned or in conflict with national priorities, and whether social protection programmes and systems would flourish or wither if international support was withdrawn.
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Demeuov, Аrman, Ordenbek Mazbayev, Gulbanu Aukenova, Ihor Kholoshyn und Iryna Varfolomyeyeva. Pedagogical possibilities of tourist and local history activities. EDP Sciences, Juni 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/4620.
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In the new socio-economic conditions in the education system, forms of organization of tourist and local history activities are developing, which are based on traditions, experience of extracurricular and extracurricular work, taking into account the changes that have occurred in the country. Life requires that the tasks facing educational institutions are resolved quickly and have not just any solution, but one that optimizes the pedagogical process. At the same time, these requirements come into conflict with the state of the education system, the limited ability of most parents to create conditions for the full development of the child. The tasks facing the education system can be implemented in tourism and local history activities. The main task is to create the necessary conditions for the comprehensive development of the child’s personality, his social adaptation in the process of participation in various types of tourist and local history activities. However, the school teacher is not ready to organize and conduct tourist and local history activities at school, as he is not professionally prepared for this activity. Questions of the organization, forms and methods of teacher training for the organization of tourist and local history activities are practically not reflected in the educational and methodological literature. There are no scientific studies that would allow us to effectively solve the pedagogical tasks of preparing the organizers of tourist and local history activities in the school.
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Hrynick, Tabitha, und Megan Schmidt-Sane. Roundtable Report: Discussion on mpox in DRC and Social Science Considerations for Operational Response. Institute of Development Studies, Juni 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/sshap.2024.014.
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On 28 May 2024, the Social Science in Humanitarian Action Platform (SSHAP) organised a roundtable discussion on the mpox (formerly known as monkeypox) outbreak which has been spreading in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) since early 2023.1 The objective was to appraise the current situation, with a particular focus on social science insights for informing context-sensitive risk communication and community engagement (RCCE) and wider operational responses. The roundtable was structured into two sessions: 1) an overview of the situation in DRC, including the current knowledge of epidemiology and 2) contextual considerations for response. This was followed by an hour-long panel discussion on operational considerations for response. Each session was initiated by a series of catalyst presentations followed by a question-and-answer session (Q&A). Details of the agenda, speakers and discussants can be found below. Despite estimates that less than 10% of suspected cases in DRC are being laboratory screened, the country is currently reporting the highest number of people affected by mpox in sub-Saharan Africa. It is notable that clade 1 of mpox is linked to this outbreak, which results in more severe disease and a higher fatality rate. While early cases of mpox were reported to be in gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (GBMSM), the disease is now being detected more widely in DRC. The majority of those affected are children (up to 70% by some estimates2), which is a cause for concern. The outbreak is occurring on top of an overall high burden of disease and significant challenges to the health system and humanitarian interventions. The apparently heterogeneous picture of mpox across DRC – affecting different geographies and population groups – is shaped in part by social, economic and political factors. For instance, in South Kivu, accounts indicate that transmission via intimate and sexual contact is significant in mining areas, with an estimated one third of cases of disease reported in female sex workers. This raises questions about transactional sex and related stigma in these areas, as well as the implications of cross-border mobility linked to mining livelihoods for the spread of disease. A history of conflict and militia activity has additional implications for humanitarian intervention and is a factor in uptake and implementation of control strategies such as vaccination. Severe limitations in government health facilities in remote areas and a plural landscape of biomedical and non-biomedical providers are additional factors to consider for patterns of care-seeking and the timely provision of biomedical care. The limited reach of formal healthcare, including surveillance, makes it difficult to estimate the extent of cases and control disease spread through conventional epidemiological strategies. There are likely further challenges in accessing less visible populations such as GBMSM, as research in Nigeria has suggested.3,4 These complex contextual realities raise significant questions for mpox response. The roundtable convened a diverse range of expertise to offer perspectives from existing research and knowledge, with an emphasis on social science evidence. This roundtable report presents a synthesised version of the roundtable discussion with additional context as needed.
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Avis, William. Refugee and Mixed Migration Displacement from Afghanistan. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2022.002.
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This rapid literature review summarises evidence and key lessons that exist regarding previous refugee and mixed migration displacement from Afghanistan to surrounding countries. The review identified a diverse literature that explored past refugee and mixed migration, with a range of quantitative and qualitative studies identified. A complex and fluid picture is presented with waves of mixed migration (both outflow and inflow) associated with key events including the: Soviet–Afghan War (1979–1989); Afghan Civil War (1992–96); Taliban Rule (1996–2001); War in Afghanistan (2001–2021). A contextual picture emerges of Afghans having a long history of using mobility as a survival strategy or as social, economic and political insurance for improving livelihoods or to escape conflict and natural disasters. Whilst violence has been a principal driver of population movements among Afghans, it is not the only cause. Migration has also been associated with natural disasters (primarily drought) which is considered a particular issue across much of the country – this is associated primarily with internal displacement. Further to this, COVID-19 is impacting upon and prompting migration to and from Afghanistan. Data on refugee and mixed migration movement is diverse and at times contradictory given the fluidity and the blurring of boundaries between types of movements. Various estimates exist for numbers of Afghanistan refugees globally. It is also important to note that migratory flows are often fluid involving settlement in neighbouring countries, return to Afghanistan. In many countries, Afghani migrants and refugees face uncertain political situations and have, in recent years, been ‘coerced’ into returning to Afghanistan with much discussion of a ‘return bias’ being evident in official policies. The literature identified in this report (a mix of academic, humanitarian agency and NGO) is predominantly focused on Pakistan and Iran with a less established evidence base on the scale of Afghan refugee and migrant communities in other countries in the region. . Whilst conflict has been a primary driver of displacement, it has intersected with drought conditions and poor adherence to COVID-19 mitigation protocols. Past efforts to address displacement internationally have affirmed return as the primary objective in relation to durable solutions; practically, efforts promoted improved programming interventions towards creating conditions for sustainable return and achieving improved reintegration prospects for those already returned to Afghanistan.
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Hrynick, Tabitha, Godefroid Muzalia und Myfanwy James. Key Considerations: Risk Communication and Community Engagement for Mpox Vaccination in Eastern DRC. Institute of Development Studies, Juli 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/sshap.2024.024.
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This brief presents social and political considerations for the design and implementation of vaccination-related risk communication and community engagement (RCCE) strategies for mpox in the eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). A nationwide outbreak of mpox (clade I) was declared in late 2022 and now affects 23 of its 26 provinces. Notably, the outbreak is characterised by widespread human-to-human transmission unlike previous outbreaks primarily involving animal-human contact. While mpox hotspots are emerging around the country, this brief focuses on eastern DRC where complex political history and ongoing armed conflict – on top of poor infrastructure and rural isolation of many communities – present significant challenges. These challenges demand carefully designed and tailored strategies. Furthermore, a mutated, more virulent mpox strain has also emerged in the eastern province of South Kivu. Although little remains known about transmission dynamics in the outbreak overall, sexual transmission of the new strain is of concern, putting stigmatised populations such as sex workers and others at risk. Overall, however, children are the most affected population, with transmission driven by close physical contact. Along with pregnant women and people with compromised immunity (e.g., people with HIV/AIDS), children are also at higher risk of complications and death. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends targeted vaccination approaches in the context of mpox outbreaks, including as postexposure prophylaxis for these populations. The DRC Ministry of Public Health has announced intentions to vaccinate both children and adults with the LC16 and MVA-BN mpox vaccines, respectively, under a temporary emergency use authorisation as these vaccines are not yet approved in the country. Efforts are now mobilising to design vaccine and related RCCE interventions. This brief draws on a SSHAP roundtable discussion on mpox in the DRC (May 2024), consultation with social science experts and health and humanitarian actors active in or knowledgeable about the region and outbreak, and academic and grey literature.
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García Jiménez, Bibiana. Construcción de una historia de vida con fines académicos. Ediciones Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Februar 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.16925/gcgp.75.
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Esta guía contiene el paso a paso en la construcción de una historia de vida relacionada con el conflicto armado. El propósito de esta actividad radica en la construcción de material pedagógico, el cual les permite a los estudiantes aumentar la cercanía con los problemas sociales de la sociedad colombiana. La actividad podrá realizarse en grupos, los cuales tendrán que efectuar un análisis de toda la información y diversas fuentes que consulten para la construcción de esta historia de vida. En el presente documento se precisan los pasos que se siguen para la adecuada construcción de la historia de vida con fines académicos.
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Saleem, Raja M. Ali, Ihsan Yilmaz und Priya Chacko. Civilizationist Populism in South Asia: Turning India Saffron. European Center for Populism Studies (ECPS), Februar 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55271/pp0009.
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The 21st century has witnessed a significant shift in how the concept of nationalism is understood. A political marriage between identity politics and populism has resulted in “civilizationism,” a new form of nationalism that entails an emotionally charged division of society into “the people” versus “the Other.” All too often, the divisive discourses and policies associated with civilizationalist populism produce intercommunal conflict and violence. This paper draws on a salient case study, India’s Hindutva movement, to analyze how mainstream populist political parties and grassroots organizations can leverage civilizationist populism in campaigns to mobilize political constituencies. In surveying the various groups within the Hindutva movement and conducting a discourse analysis of their leaders’ statements, the paper shows the central role of sacralized nostalgia, history, and culture in Hindutva populist civilizationism. By analyzing the contours and socio-political implications of civilizationist populism through this case study, the paper contributes to the theoretical understanding of the concept more generally.
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Maiangwa, Benjamin. Peace (Re)building Initiatives: Insights from Southern Kaduna, Nigeria. RESOLVE Network, September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37805/pn2021.22.lpbi.
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Violent conflicts and crime have reached new heights in Nigeria, as cases of kidnapping, armed banditry, and communal unrests continue to tear at the core of the ethnoreligious divides in the country. Southern Kaduna has witnessed a virulent spree of communal unrest in northern Nigeria over the last decade due to its polarized politics and power differentials between the various groups in the area, particularly the Christians and Muslims, who are almost evenly split. In response to their experiences of violence, the people of that region have also shown incredible resilience and grit in transforming their stress and suffering. This policy note focuses on the transformative practices of the Fulani and other ethnic communities in southern Kaduna in terms of how they problem-solve deep-seated socio-political rivalries and violent relations by working through their shared identity, history, and cultures of peace. The note explores how peace practitioners and donor agencies could consolidate local practices of sustaining peace as complementary or alternative resources to the state’s liberal system.
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Garay, Luis Jorge, Antoni Estevadeordal und Robert Devlin. The FTAA: Some Longer Term Issues. Inter-American Development Bank, August 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0008680.
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The Free Trade Area of the Americas (FTAA) process was launched during the Miami Summit of Heads of State in December 1994. It was the centerpiece of a broader hemispheric initiative of political and socio-economic cooperation among 34 countries of the Americas with the objective to negotiate a hemispheric free trade agreement by the year 2005. The preparatory phase began in January 1995 and formal negotiations were launched in April 1998. The creation of an FTAA would clearly be the most important chapter in the history of regional cooperation in the Western Hemisphere and mark a fitting culmination to a fast maturing trade policy framework in Latin America and the Caribbean. The FTAA process is the result of progressive globalization of the world economy and a profound transformation in the region based on: (i) structural economic reforms in almost all the countries directed at stimulating market activity and a better articulation with the world economy; (ii) the emergence, or strengthening, of democratic regimes almost everywhere and (iii) political commitments to foster peace and cooperation among neighbors with a history of rivalry and conflict. Regional integration has been a fundamental complementary tool for achieving these ambitious national objectives, which permeate the entire region. Latin America and the Caribbean have a long tradition of interest in regional integration. An intense amount of activity in this area emerged out of the Post-War period. However, the initiatives in the first three decades following the War inserted themselves in the prevailing state-led import substitution strategy of the time, itself to a large extent a product of "market skepticism" derived from the Great Depression. In the 1990s, however, a "new" regionalism emerged in Latin America and the Caribbean that conformed to the new national strategies for economic and political transformation and preparation for globalization.
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Kwon, Heeseo Rain, Heeyoun You und Sang Keon Lee. Korea's Pursuit for Sustainable Cities through New Town Development: Implications for LAC: Knowledge Sharing Forum on Development Experiences: Comparative Experiences of Korea and Latin America and th. Inter-American Development Bank, Juni 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0006999.
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Under rapid urbanization that took place from around 1960 to 1990, the Republic of Korea has been facing various urban problems such as the expansion of urban slum, traffic congestion and environmental pollution. Among the various responses to these challenges, New Town development can be regarded as one of the most successful and effective strategies, which hasover 50 years of development history in five phases. Korea's New Towns were developed with three main purposes according to the periodic needs: industry support, housing supply, and nationwide balanced development. Phase I New Towns (1962-81) responded to the country's need for industry promotion. Phase II (1967-86), Phase III (1989-95) and Phase IV (2001-present) New Towns were built in response to the severe lack of housing emerged due to over-concentration in the capital and later its metropolitan area, by providing large-scale housing inside Seoul, in the outer ring of Seoul, and in the Capital Area respectively over time. Finally, the most recent Phase V New Towns (2005-present) provided response to the issue of equitable and balanced development across the country. These development yielded outcomes such as housing market stabilization, improvement of housing condition, securement of public and green spaces, economic effect on related industries, and expansion of urban infrastructure. The paper suggests three success factors of Korea's New Town development. First is feasible planning and concrete implementation strategies that enabled the implementing organizations to overcome conflicts and carry on with the project until completion. The second factor is institutional driving force and legal support which involved establishing a dedicated bureau, defining clear organizational structure and stakeholder roles, and providing timely Acts to support the land acquisition and construction. The third success factor is reasonable land acquisition methodologies which evolved over time from Land Readjustment to Publically Management Development. This paper also presents Sustainable New own Design Criteria as an important implication for the LAC to consider, which includes social, economic and environmental sustainability that pursue outcomes such as social inclusion, self-sufficiency, connectivity, green space and smart resource management. Exchanging these experience of Korea and promoting mutual cooperation would be highly valuable for the cities in LAC to minimize the trial and error and maximize the success factors experienced by Korea as an attempt to relieve the challenges of rapid urbanization they are faced with at present. In this regard, it is anticipated that Korea can actively share its accumulated New Town experience and knowledge and act as one of the promising development partners of the countries in LAC.