Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Školní a komunitní projekty“

Článek se zabývá současným stavem začleňování školních projektů do výuky přírodovědných předmětů na 2. stupni základních škol. Představuje část výsledků česko-slovenského srovnávacího výzkumu založeného na dotazníkovém šetření provedeném v červnu 2009 na náhodně vytvořeném vzorku 180 českých a 71 slovenských škol. Cílem průzkumu bylo zjistit, v jaké míře je projektového vyučování v současnosti využíváno, a poskytnout tak podklad pro další specifické výzkumy. Dotazníkové šetření bylo orientováno na počet a hlavní charakteristiky uskutečněných projektů (např. délku, počet zapojených předmětů, tříd a pedagogů), na některé činnosti učitelů a žáků v projektech a také na postoje učitelů k této koncepci.

Rozvoj komunity je často diskutovaným témou na mezinárodním poli. Komunity jsou nedínou součástí občanské společnosti a za posledních dvě stě let došlo ke změně v chápání jejich významu. Jsou založeny na principu participace, což je i jejich hlavním znakem. Jeden z možných způsobu jejich rozvoje je prostřednictvím komunitních rozvojových projektů. Úloha komunit je v každé části projektového cyklu odlišná. Nejdůležitější roli hrají ve fázi identifikace, realizace a evaluace.V případě, že komunita na projektu participuje, je mnohem vyšší šance na jeho udržení, což přispěje a možná zajistí trvale udržitelný rozvoj komunity. Namibie se leží na jihu sub-Saharské Afriky. Má za sebou bouřlivou historii a v současnosti řeší mnoho problému, např. pozemkovou reformu, šíření HIV/AIDS a s tím spojený rozpad rodin, nárůst počtu sirotků a zničení komunit. Řešením problemů spojených s HIV/AIDS jsou komunitní rozvojové projekty, které jsou součástí zahraniční rozvojové spolupráce.

This specific study entitled: "Health Promotion Projects as part of Education'', consists of a theoretical part containing the voices of various authors on the issue of health promotion in schools. Firstly, the basic concepts that are contained in the body of my work were explained and thanks to this, the reader will be better acquainted with these. In the following chapter I described characteristics of health promotion projects and gave several examples. The principles of health promotion in schools was also dealt with because they are closely related to the topic. Since my primary focus was on how projects in schools are actually implemented, I covered this in a subsequent chapter by giving concrete examples of projects that have already been implemented in schools. It was also important to mention the implementation process of health education into the primary school curriculum and thus I finished the theoretical part of the work and followed it up with a practical part. I used interviews as a research method and these were conducted at primary schools where one of the health promotion projects had been implemented in the past. The thesis also has a practical component. It included my own proposal of a health promotion project. The aim of it was to evaluate efficiency of initiating the health...

Thesis deals with possibility of development cooperation, engagement and interpersonal relationships through artistic projects. How can arts education promote children's interest in their neighbourhoods and learn them engagement? This is main a question in this thesis. The theoretical part describes the methods and approaches that are related to the cooperation in art education. The thesis search for contemporary art projects focused on community development and local changes and interpret them. The practical part describes own project, focused to the city of Dačice. The main ideas of the project are based on the official transfer of the city from Moravia to Bohemia. The aim of the project is not only to promote children's interest in their place of neighbourhoods and to lead them to engagement and cooperation, but also to lead them to reflect their identity. Keywords: community, school, visual culture, collaborative art, art education, communication, cooperation, interpretation, interdisciplinarity, project

The diploma thesis focuses on a European activity eTwinning and its implementation within the system of education. The theoretical part of the thesis introduces the activity and its main principles, as well as its goals and management. The emphasis is also put on its position within the conception of lifelong learning. The thesis presents the development of the activity since its lunch in 2005 until now, describes its original direction to be followed at the beginning as well as the gradual changes that happened during its further implementation. The practical part defines the main internet tools offered by eTwinning to its users and describes those in detail. In the last part, three eTwinning projects are presented as good practice examples from the Czech Republic. The main aim of the diploma thesis is to present the European activity in as broad context as possible and from different points of view. All the data used are based on relevant literature and other sources.

The new curriculum reforms of Czech and Slovak educational systems provide schools enough room for new effective methods developing pupil's key competence. The dissertation deals with one of them - the project-based teaching, especially in science subjects in the second stage of basic school. It presents results of a comparative study which was conducted 2008/2009 school year. The most important aim was to establish and compare common characteristics of realized projects. The sample consisted of 180 Czech and 71 Slovak basic schools. The projects data and views of teachers were collected via a questionnaire. The results of the survey indicated that project-based teachings in science subjects was used in more than 80 % of Czech schools and more than 60 % of Slovak schools. Schools in both countries preferred projects realized only in one class, by one teacher and within the frame of one science subject. Czech schools preferred short projects that lasted no more than one week, Slovak schools organized mostly long projects lasting more than one week. Most projects in Czech schools were short-term, lasting on average no more than one week. Projects in Slovak schools on the other hand lasted on average more than one week. The majority of projects were planned and prepared by a teacher. Teachers were...

There is a new trend of shifting the provision of health care from hospitals to the patient?s natural environment. We are increasingly aware of the expensive and sometimes ineffective late hospital treatment; therefore, there are stronger efforts for early diagnosis, prevention and health education from an early age. It is necessary to keep the future generations focused on their health and the health of their family members who live in the community. The initiative must originate not only in families but also in the school environment in which children find themselves almost every day. A school nurse is an expert in the field of community care working in school environment. The work load of the school nurse rests in maintaining and improving physical and mental health. The school nurse supports pupils in their responsibility for their health and she creates a system of formalized school activities, prepares and implements the school?s educational program focused on prevention. The data in the research part of the thesis was obtained through quantitative and qualitative research survey. The quantitative research was carried out using the technique of an anonymous questionnaire. The questionnaire was intended for general practitioners for children and adolescents, as well as nurses working with general practitioners for children and adolescents. The qualitative research data was collected through semi-structured interviews with the head teachers of elementary and secondary schools on the basis of which casuistries were created resulting in categorized charts. The objective of this thesis was to find out about the position of general practitioners for children and adolescents, and paediatric nurses working with general practitioners for children and adolescents on introducing the function of school nurses in the healthcare system of the Czech Republic. The research in this thesis showed a low level of awareness about the position of school nurses. The primary controversies related to the introduction of school nurses can be described as follows: the method of financing, the issues of authority of such nurses, and the way of preparing for this occupation. The main positive aspect of school nurses can be seen by the respondents in comprehensive care for pupils, prevention and better public education. School head teachers, general practitioners and nurses believe that school nurses should be placed in schools according to the number of school pupils and school head teachers assume greater use school nurses in primary schools than in secondary ones. The method of financing school nurses should be, according to the respondents, from multiple sources. This thesis may be used as a basis for further research work focused on the position of school nurses, and also as a proposal of establishing the school nurse position in the healthcare system of the Czech Republic, or as informative material for professional as well as lay public.

The work aims to map the curriculum of nutrition and its anchoring in educational programs and through a questionnaire survey to find out whether the content of the curriculum is sufficiently developed for primary school teachers, i.e. whether it is effective in their practice. The theoretical part summarizes the information concerning the nutrition of children of younger school age, focusing mainly on the principles of proper nutrition, building healthy eating habits, which significantly contribute to their future health and may have a preventive character from development of diseases. One of the many possible ways of prevention is teaching nutrition in primary schools with the help of appropriate teaching methods, activities, and the use of nutritional lecture programs, which this work mentions. The practical part contains a questionnaire survey, in which it examines the relationship of teachers to the teaching of nutrition, focusing mainly on their views on the anchoring of the curriculum in educational programs. The resulting data are recorded in tables and graphs, which are accompanied by a commentary. Based on the results of the questionnaire survey, verified website was recommended, from which teachers can draw methodological material. These materials were the inspiration for the creation of...

Title: Project "Sporting Kid" Aims: The main goal of this Theses is to introduce the decade of operation of the project "Sporting Kid", to define the function of sport projects for children with respect to the personal development of children of preschool and school age and to assess the development and further possibilities for enhancement of this Project. Methods: In our work we used the methods of description, analysis and comparison. We used the description method to review the scientific literature related to the characteristics of preschool and school age, characteristics of physical activities, management, marketing, instructors work and communications. The method of analysis and comparison was applied to evaluate the functioning of project "Sporting Kid". Results: Based on the scientific literature research and the evaluation of the functionality of the project "Sporting Kid" we found that this project is viable and promising in terms of access to the natural motion development of children, in terms of the motivation changes during the functioning of the project, as well as in financial terms according to organizers requirements. The competitive environment does not threaten the project now. The Theses provided an objective overview of the functioning of the Project "Sportng Kid" and...

UNIVERZITA KARLOVA v PRAZE Pedagogická fakulta Katedra primární pedagogiky POMOC DĚTEM V ROZVOJOVÝCH ZEMÍCH, ADOPCE NA DÁLKU, VZDĚLÁVÁNÍ A PROJEKTY S TÍM SOUVISJÍCÍ SE ZAMĚŘENÍM PŘEDEVŠÍM NA AFRICKÝ KONTINENT HELP CHILDREN IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES, DISTANCE ADOPTION, EDUCATION AND RELATED PROJECTS WITH A FOCUS MAINLY ON THE AFRICAN CONTINENT Vedoucí diplomové práce: Doc. PaedDr. Radka Wildová, CSc. Autor diplomové práce: Aneta Kosíková Studijní obor: Učitelství pro 1. stupeň ZŠ Forma studia: prezenční Diplomová práce dokončena: prosinec 2013 Abstrakt: Diplomová práce představuje, co jsou adopce na dálku v rozvojových zemích, jaké organizace se tím zabývají, podoba školství v Africe. V teoretické části je vysvětlení pojmů rozvojová a rozvinutá země, představení jednotlivých organizací, které se zabývají adopcí na dálku, a projektů, které mají výrazně pomoci lidem žijícím ve velké chudobě. Rovněž ukazuje odlišný systém školství a projekty k zlepšení tamního vzdělávání. Zároveň jsou zde zmíněny termíny dítě předškolního a mladšího školního věku a důležitost rodiny, protože právě ty jsou nejdůležitějšími faktory při projektu adopce na dálku. V praktické části ve výzkumném šetření jsou zahrnuty rozhovory s koordinátory z Čech a Keni a adoptivními rodiči, kteří mají zkušenosti s adopcí na dálku. Průzkum dotazníkem...

The topic of this dissertation reflects the current situation in Czech educational system after the new educational act has been passed in 2005. It clarifies the concepts of educational reforms and school curriculum documents. It also explains new terms, mainly the key competence and profile topics and their position in school educational programmes it focuses on environmental education. It presents the conclusions of a research of this profile topic in practice of elementary schools of south bohemia region. It sums up the experience of a pilot school and its establishment {--} the ecology education centre.