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ROY, RAKESH, RUPASI TIWARI, and TRIVENI DUTT. "Productive and reproductive performance of Siri cattle under field condition in West Bengal." Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 90, no. 11 (2021): 1528–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.56093/ijans.v90i11.111565.
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A study was undertaken with an objective to assess productive and reproductive performance of Siri cattle in West Bengal. The study was conducted among 80 farmers rearing either Siri-Pure or Siri-Graded cattle in the hilly region. Equal numbers of respondents either rearing Siri-Pure or Siri-Graded cattle were randomly selected from Darjeeling and Kalimpong districts for the study. The study on productive performance of Siri-Pure and Siri- Graded cattle shows that mean first lactation milk yield was 469.7 and 497.2 litres, daily milk yield was 3.2 and 3.7 litres, peak milk yield was 3.8 and 4.2 litres, total lactation milk yield was 864.1 and 1035.5 litres, lactation length was 273.4 and 284.8 days and dry period was 189.3 and 167.9 days. The t-test shows highly significant difference between Siri-Pure and Siri-Graded cattle in first lactation milk yield, daily milk yield, total lactation milk yield and lactation length in productive performance whereas age at first services, calving intervals and gestation period in reproductive performance. The reproductive performance of Siri-Pure and Siri-Graded cattle shows that mean age at first services was 38.47 and 31.65 months, gestation period was 285.2 and 279.1 days, heat interval was 27.8 and 28.2 days, number of services per conception was 1.3 and 1.3 times, and calving intervals recorded as 463.7 and 452.7 days respectively. The age at first service was significantly lower in large farmers and significantly higher calving interval in small farmers rearing Siri-Pure cattle. Daily milk yield, peak milk yield and total milk yield was significantly higher in large and medium farmers than small farmer rearing Siri-Pure cattle whereas total milk yield was significantly higher in large farmers than small and medium farmers rearing Siri-Graded cattle.
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Tantia, M. S., P. K. Vij, RK Vijh, et al. "SIRI: THE CATTLE OF EASTERN HIMALAYAS." Animal Genetic Resources Information 19 (April 1996): 37–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1014233900000778.
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SUMMARYA pilot survey was conducted in the western d.istrict of Sikkim to monitor the status of the Siri cattle breed. Data was recorded on certain morphological characters, management practices and performance of Siri animals. Measurements were recorded of body length, heart girth, body height, paunch girth, hip width, pin width, face length, face width, ear length and horns on 89 animals of age groups up to 1 year,1 to 3 years and adult. It was noted that pure Siri animals were reared only in the remote inaccessible areas. Extensive crossbreeding with Jersey semen/bulls is progressively eroding the purity of the breed. Measures to conserve the Siri cattle breed in its native ecology have been advocated.
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PUNDIR, R. K., P. K. SINGH, P. S. DANGI, and H. ZELIANG. "Characterisation and evaluation of Tho-Tho cattle of Nagaland." Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 88, no. 4 (2018): 434–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.56093/ijans.v88i4.78810.
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Surveys were conducted in 24 villages of 4 districts of Nagaland, i.e. Kohima, Phek, Zuhneboto and Dimapur to characterise Tho-Tho cattle of Nagaland. A total of 242 cattle of different age and sex including 186 Tho-Tho and 56 desi/non-descript were recorded for physical and ten different morphometric traits. To know management and performance of Tho-Tho cattle, 76 farmers were interviewed form these districts. It was observed that Tho-Tho cattle was mainly reared for beef as people preferred beef over pork. Cattle population of the state showed sharp decline of 51% during the years 2007–2012 and needs immediate attention. Based on different physical and morphometric traits, it may be concluded Tho-Tho cattle are distinct as compared to indigenous cattle of Tripura, Mizoram, Manipur and Siri of Sikkim. Tho-Tho cattle were larger in size as compared of desi/non descript cattle of the state. Management and performance was more or less similar in the whole north-east region i.e extensive system of management. Multi-variate canonical discriminate analysis using different morphometric traits of indigenous cattle of Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Sikkim (Siri) and Tripura showed that Siri (Sikkim) and Tho-Tho (Nagaland) were significantly different than other indigenous cattle of the region and it was supported by physical traits also. Therefore, it is recommended that Tho-Tho cattle population may be registered as distinct cattle breed from Nagaland.
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Phanchung and J. A. Roden. "Characterisation of the Siri breed and the Mithun cross Siri in Bhutan." Animal Genetic Resources Information 20 (April 1996): 27–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1014233900000857.
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SummaryThe authors describe the evolution, morphological characteristics, body weights, body measurements and production performance of three indigenous cattle breeds in Bhutan, namely the Siri, Mithun cross Siri (Jatsha for male and Jatsham for female) and first backcross hybrids (Yangka for male and Yangkum for female). The data was collected through a sample survey which was conducted in Lobesa block of Thimphu district in April/May 1995 near the Natural Resources Training Institute (NRTI). Observations were recorded from 44 Siri (22 bulls and 22 cows), 10 Mithun cross Siri (5 Jatshas and 5 Jatshams) and 8 first backcross hybrids (5 Yangkas and 3 Yangkums). The aim of this breed description is to assist in developing the future conservation strategies of the indigenous breeds in Bhutan.
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Gorkhali, Neena Amatya, Chhiring Sherpa, Aashish Dhakal, et al. "Genetic Diversity of Nepalese Indigenous Cattle Breeds Based on D-Loop Mitochondrial DNA." Nepal Journal of Science and Technology 19, no. 2 (2021): 103–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njst.v20i1.39440.
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Nepalese cattle are known for their genetic potentiality concerning inhabitant in extreme climatic conditions, surviving in the scarce food supply, and resistant to several diseases. We aimed to assess Nepal’s ancestral origin and genetic diversity of indigenous cattle breeds based on hyper-variable D loop mtDNA sequences. Three cattle breeds (Siri, Achammi, & Lulu) comprising the total sample population (n= 75) were employed in the study where the mt DNA information of two breeds (Achammi & Lulu) were retrieved from the published source. Hyper-variable D loop (910bp) of Siri cattle was PCR amplified and sequenced. This study claims that the possible ancestral origin of Bos taurus and Bos indicus mtDNA lineage in the Nepalese cattle population is majorly influenced by China and India, respectively. This study suggests that Nepalese cattle can be divided into two major groups: Bos taurus and Bos indicus, where most of the cattle population was of Bos indicus origin. The sampled population can be classified into three significant haplogroups: T3 (25%), I1 (48%), and I2 (27%) revealing a higher genetic diversity among the Nepalese cattle population. Only T3 taurine haplogroup was found in the sampled population. It was consistent with the fact that the absence of T1 haplogroup in North-East Asian cattle. In terms of Bos indicus, the I1 haplogroup was dominant over I2. Higher genetic diversity can be appropriate reasoning for Nepalese cattle’s survival in a harsh environment and low food conditions.
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Sharma, R., A. K. Pandey, Y. Singh, B. P. Mishra, P. K. Singh, and G. Singh. "Estimation of genetic diversity in Siri cattle from India." Russian Journal of Genetics 44, no. 11 (2008): 1331–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1022795408110124.
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Asnawi, Aslina, A. Amidah Amrawaty, and Nirwana Nirwana. "Persepsi Peternak Sapi Potong Terhadap Budaya Lokal Suku Bugis Terkait Aksesibilitas Pembiayaan." Jurnal Agripet 17, no. 2 (2017): 132–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.17969/agripet.v17i2.8070.
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ABSTRAK. Pembiayaan pada peternak sapi potong masih merupakan determinan berkembangnya usaha peternakan.Cukup banyak penilaian yang ditentukan oleh pemberi pinjaman terutama lembaga formal yang menyulitkan peternak untuk mengaksesnya. Namun salah satu penilaian yang melekat pada diri peternak adalah karakter yang baik.Artikel ini menganalisis persepsi peternak sapi potong terhadap budaya lokal suku Bugis dan dikaitkan dengan dengan aksesibilitas pembiayaannya. Hal ini penting mengingat nilai-nilai budaya yang dianut oleh masyarakat sangat menentukan pembentukan karakter seseorang.Karakter perlu diperkuat karena merupakan salah satu hal yang dipertimbangkan oleh pemberi pinjaman untuk menilai apakah debitur layak diberikan kredit atau tidak termasuk peternak. Sementara persyaratan lainnya agak sulit dipenuhi oleh peternak seperti: collateral, capacity, dan capital.Penelitian ini dilakukan di Kabupaten Bone Sulawesi Selatan yang mayoritas suku Bugis.Jumlah peternak yang diwawancarai sebanyak 70 orang.Penelitian ini termasuk penelitian deskriptif dan menggunakan analisis statistik deskriptif. Persepsi peternak terhadap nilai-nilai budaya seperti: kejujuran (alempureng), kecendekiaan (amaccang), kepatutan (asitinajang), keteguhan (agettengeng), usaha (reso) dan harga diri (siri’) adalah sangat positif dan setuju bahwa keenam hal tersebut dianggap sangat menentukan kemampuannya dalam mengakses pembiayaan. Budaya lokal tersebut perlu dijaga, dibina dan diperkuat untuk meningkatkan kepercayaan pemberi pinjaman baik lembaga formal maupun informal sehingga akses pembiayaan dapat meningkat.Keenam nilai-nilai tersebut saling berinteraksi dan menentukan karakter yang melekat pada diri peternak.(Perception of beef cattle breeders to local culture of buginese tribe related financing accessibility)ABSTRACT. Financing on beef cattle farmers is still a determinant of the development of livestock business. Quite a lot of judgments are determined by lenders, especially formal institutions that make it difficult for farmers to access it. But one of the inherent assessment of the breeder's self is a good character. This article analyzes the perception of beef cattle ranchers to the local culture of the Bugis tribe and associated with the accessibility of its financing. This is important because the cultural values adopted by the community are crucial to the formation of a person's character. The characterneeds to be strengthened because it is one of the things considered by the lender to assess whether the debtor is worthy of credit or not including the breeder. While other requirements are rather difficult to be met by breeders such as collateral, capacity, and capital.This research was conducted in Bone Bugis district of South Sulawesi. The number of farmers interviewed as many as 70 people. Research includes descriptive research and using descriptive statistical analysis. Farmers perception of cultural values such as honesty, intellect, propriety, perseverance, hard workandself-esteem are very positive and agree that these six things are considered determine its ability to access financing. The local culture needs to be maintained, nurtured and strengthened to increase the trust of both formal and informal lenders so that access to finance can increase. These values mutually intersect and determine the inherent character of the breeder.
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Malewa, Amirudin Dg, and Nur Al Mu'min. "PO Cattle Population Dynamics In Sigi." Jurnal Ilmiah AgriSains 22, no. 3 (2021): 126–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.22487/jiagrisains.v22i3.2021.126-135.
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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dinamika populasi Sapi PO di Kabupaten Sigi. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah menggunakan metode survey. Data penelitian diperoleh dari 90 responden yang memelihara Sapi PO di Kecamatan Dolo Induk, Kecamatan Dolo Barat dan Kecamatan Marawola dengan sampel 578 ekor. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan yaitu metode pruposive sampling pada kecamatan dan metode random sampling pada desa dan peternak di Kabupaten Sigi dimana setiap anggota populasi mempunyai kesempatan yang sama untuk dimasukkan sebagai sampel. Variabel yang dihitung dalam penelitian ini adalah Angka Pemasukan meliputi tingkat kelahiran, tingkat pembelian dan tingkat bantuan. Angka Pengeluaran meliputi tingkat kematian, tingkat penjualan dan tingkat pemotongan dan Natural Increase (NI). Analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis secara deskriptif. Dinamika populasi sapi PO Kab Sigi, dengan angka pemasukan terdiri dari persentase kelahiran 67,13 % dr induk (24,74% populasi), pembelian 9% dan bantuan 1,73% dengan total pemasukan sebesar 205 ekor (35,47%). Angka Pengeluaran meliputi angka kematian 54 ekor (3,62%), penjualan 89 ekor (15,39%), pemotongan 27 ekor (4,66%) dengan total pengeluaran sebesar 137 ekor (23,70%) dan natural increase sebesar 21,11%.
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GEARHEART, W. W., M. E. DAVIS, and W. R. HARVEY. "THE EFFECT OF ADJUSTING FOR YEARLY SELECTION TRENDS ON VARIANCE COMPONENT ESTIMATES." Canadian Journal of Animal Science 69, no. 2 (1989): 487–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjas89-055.
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Computer-generated beef cattle data were used to investigate the effect of accounting for the yearly selection of parents on the bias and precision of sire and error variance component estimates. The adjustment for yearly selection reduced the biases of estimated sire variance components, but resulted in losses of precision of up to 25%. Key words: Beef cattle, variance component, selection
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Adeyanju, S. A., O. Akinokun, and O. O. Ariyibi. "Preweaning Performances of Ndama Cattle." Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 3, no. 2 (2021): 117–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.51791/njap.v3i2.2521.
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Data on birth weight, preweaning daily rate of gain and weaning weight of Ndama beef cattle were obtained from routine records kept on the Fashola Livestock Farm between 1959 and 1964 and subjected to least-squares analysis to determine the effects of sex, month, year and sire on the performance characteristics. The results indicated that the Ndama weighed 16.95 kg at birth and 97.61 kg at weaning when adjusted to 205 days with a preweaning daily weigh gain of 0.38 kg. The bulls were significantly heavier at birth and weaning and also had a significantly higher preweaning daily weight gain than the heifers. Birth weight, preweaning daily rate of gain, and weaning weight showed significant sex, month, year and sire effects
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Thrift, F. A., and D. K. Aaron. "The Crossbred Sire: Experimental Results for Cattle." Journal of Animal Science 65, no. 1 (1987): 128–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.2527/jas1987.651128x.
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Morek-Kopeć, M., and A. Zarnecki. "Genetic evaluation for functional longevity in Polish Simmental cattle." Czech Journal of Animal Science 62, No. 7 (2017): 276–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/87/2016-cjas.
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The Weibull proportional hazards model was applied for genetic evaluation of functional longevity in Polish Simmentals. Data consisted of production and disposal records for 12 527 Simmental cows, daughters of 294 sires, calving for the first time from 1995 to 2014 in 286 herds. Length of productive life of cows was calculated as number of days from the first calving to culling or censoring. Average length of productive life of 4462 cows with complete (uncensored) survival records was 1198 days (39.3 months); mean censoring time for the remaining 8065 cows was 1093 days (35.8 months). Functional longevity was defined as length of productive life corrected for production. The model included time-independent fixed effect of age at first calving, time-dependent fixed effects of year-season, parity-stage of lactation, annual change in herd size, relative fat yield and protein yield, and random herd-year-season and sire effects. Likelihood ratio tests showed a highly significant impact of all fixed effects on longevity, except for relative fat yield. Estimated sire variance was 0.069, resulting in the equivalent (accounting for censoring level) heritability of 0.09. Standardized relative breeding values (RBV) ranged from 71 to 139 (mean 101.4, SD 9.12). Average reliability of RBVs was 0.47. Moderate heritability supports the possibility of effective selection for functional longevity, which will be included in the total selection index for Polish Simmentals.
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Nilforooshan, M. A., A. Khazaeli, and M. A. Edriss. "Effects of missing pedigree information on dairy cattle genetic evaluations (short communication)." Archives Animal Breeding 51, no. 2 (2008): 99–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/aab-51-99-2008.
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Abstract. Estimating genetic merit of livestock closest to their true genetic merit is a preliminary goal in animal breeding. The accuracy of genetic evaluations depends on the recording system and the method of evaluation. Whereas applying more complicated models may improve the accuracy of evaluations inconsiderably, improving data quality is more effective. The data were on pedigree and milk performances (milk yield, fat yield and fat percentage) of 9834 dairy cows in Isfahan, Iran, with both known parents. Genetic parameters were estimated by derivative-free restricted maximum likelihood method, applying an animal model (full relationships), sire model (dam missed), dam model (sire missed) and a half-missed model (half sire / half dam). All the models were compared to animal model. Sire model had the smallest size of pedigree structure, while dam model had an inexistency of between herd relationships. The results showed underestimating additive genetic variance by sire and half-missed models and overestimating it by dam model. An important finding of this study was that there is an unfavorable interaction between missing sire and dam information that caused the lowest goodness of fit for half-missed model. Also, usually, sire missing makes more important problems to the pedigree structure and genetic evaluations than dam missing. The research revealed that, even using an animal model, there are some delicacies in introducing the relationship matrix for sex-limited traits, which requires special attention to the pedigree of sires.
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Brade, W., and E. Groeneveld. "Wechselwirkung zwischen Vater und Mutter in der Milchrinderzüchtung." Archives Animal Breeding 42, no. 6 (1999): 527–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/aab-42-527-1999.
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Abstract. Title of the paper: Interaction between sire and dam in dairy cattle breeding The traditional animal model in genetic evaluation has been extended by a sire * dam interaction component demonstrating the computational feasibility. The expected additional information response from including a sire * dam component is small, however, this effect come larger with an increase in the number of animals produced by biotechnical means which will likely get special treatments.
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Hurst, Caleb W., R. Mark Enns, Craig Huffhines, Kim R. Stackhouse-Lawson, and Scott E. Speidel. "138 Sire Differences for Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) in Hereford Cattle." Journal of Animal Science 101, Supplement_3 (2023): 31–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skad281.038.
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Abstract Excess Nitrogen excretion is a growing concern worldwide within animal agriculture, and blood urea nitrogen (BUN; mg/dL) is known as a predictor of nitrogen excretion in cattle. The objective of this study was to determine sire differences in BUN within a population of Hereford steers. Steers (n = 74) were born between March and June of 2021 from a reference sire herd for The American Hereford Association in Western Nebraska. Sixteen different Hereford sires from The American Hereford Association reference sire program produced offspring used in this study. The steers entered an on-site feed intake unit and were fed a finishing diet consisting predominantly of corn, corn distiller grain, and corn silage. Animals were subjected to a 21-d warm-up period with a 55-d individual feed intake test period. Blood samples were collected on day 43 of the test period. Blood samples were then centrifuged to extract serum. The Urea Nitrogen (BUN) Colorimetric Detection Kit by Invitrogen was used for the assay. The average BUN concentration for all animals in this study was (0.492 ± 0.061 mg/dL). A generalized linear regression model was used to determine sire differences in BUN concentrations. Factors considered were sire and pen group. The sire with lowest least squared mean progeny BUN concentration estimate was (0.0362 ± 0.08 mg/dL; n = 4), and the highest was (0.605 ± 0.03 mg/dL; n = 7). Sire differences (P < 0.05; r2 = 0.36) were found to be important sources of variation as evidenced by its r2; however, pen group (P = 0.65; r2 < 0.05) appeared to have little impact on variation. The differences in sires indicate genetic differences could be leveraged to reduce excess nitrogen excretion in cattle populations.
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Morris, C. A., R. L. Baker, A. H. Carter, and S. M. Hickey. "Evaluation of eleven cattle breeds for crossbred beef production: carcass data from males slaughtered at two ages." Animal Science 50, no. 1 (1990): 79–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003356100004487.
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ABSTRACTAn experiment was carried out to compare sire breeds for carcass traits and to estimate heritabilities and phenotypic and genetic correlations. There were 1908 male cattle from 5 birth years. The sire breeds, each evaluated over three locations, were Blonde d'Aquitaine, Charolais, Chianina, Limousin, Maine Anjou, Simmental (four strains: Austrian, French (Pie Rouge), Swiss and West German) and South Devon (i.e. seven imported breeds) and Angus, Friesian, Hereford and Jersey (four local breeds), with a total of 161 sires represented. Each location contained Angus cows and additionally one location contained Hereford cows. Proportionally 0·72 of the cattle were slaughtered at about 20 months of age, whilst random samples from each of the first 4 years were retained for slaughter at about 31 months of age.Sire breeds ranked similarly for live weight at 13 months of age and for pre-slaughter weights at both 20 and 31 months of age. Relative to the Hereford-cross, the seven imported breeds were proportionally 0·054 to 0·072 heavier at slaughter (depending on slaughter age) and they had 0-065 to 0·077 heavier carcasses. Dressing proportions for the Blonde d'Aquitaine, Chianina and Limousin sire breeds were higher by at least 0007 units than for the Hereford-cross. The seven imported breeds were all leaner and had larger areas of m. longissimus than the Hereford-cross cattle. Friesian-crosses also had high live or carcass weights although they were intermediate for fat depth.The interaction of sire and dam breeds were only significant for fat depth (both slaughter ages) and for pre-slaughter and hot carcass weights (31-month slaughter age only). Interactions between sire breed and location were not important.Heritability estimates on data adjusted to a slaughter age of 595 days were: pre-slaughter weight 0·29, hot carcass weight 0·28, dressing proportion 0·14, fat depth 0·03 and m. longissimus area 0·30. Corresponding values on cattle whose records were adjusted to an age of 935 days were 0·56, 0·44, 0·39, 0·37 and 0·29. These values were from cattle grazed on pasture, and were generally lower than those from America (from cattle offered high energy rations). Phenotypic correlations among all pairs of traits were positive, whilst genetic correlations were positive for all pairs except those involving fat depth (where standard errors were large).
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RAHNEFELD, G. W., G. M. WEISS, H. T. FREDEEN, J. A. NEWMAN, and J. E. LAWSON. "GENETIC EFFECTS ON POSTWEANING GROWTH OF THREE-WAY CROSS BEEF CATTLE." Canadian Journal of Animal Science 68, no. 3 (1988): 647–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjas88-074.
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Genetic effects on postweaning growth traits were evaluated for 3592 crossbred steers and heifers fed at two locations, Brandon, Manitoba and Lacombe, Alberta during a 6-yr period (1973–1978). The calves were sired by Chianina (Chi), Charolais (C), Limousin (L) and Simmental (S) bulls mated to 10 F1 dam-crosses representing the Hereford × Angus (HA) and nine dam-cross combinations produced by mating C, S and L sires with H, A and Shorthorn (N) females. Progeny rankings by terminal sire breed for weight on-test were C = Chi = S > L. For the trait 140-d postweaning average daily gain, progeny rankings were C > Chi = S, C = Chi > L and Chi > S > L. The progeny from the majority of "exotic" cross-dams were heavier on-test, and had higher postweaning average daily gain than progeny from HA dams. Ranking of dam-crosses according to their breed of sire (DS) for the trait weight on-test were S > C > L. The DS comparisons for postweaning average daily gain were C > S > L. The ranking of dam-crosses by breed of dam's dam, for on-test weight and postweaning average daily gain were N > H = A. Genetic interactions (terminal sire by breed cross of dam) were absent. Genotype environment interactions involving breed of terminal sire with year, sex and location were found for weight on-test and postweaning average daily gain. All resulted from changes in the magnitude of breed of sire differences, not from changes in sire rankings. Key words: Cattle, breeds, cross breeding, growth
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Jaborek, Jerad, Francis L. Fluharty, and Alejandro E. Relling. "PSVII-18 Fatty acid composition of the longissimus muscle from Angus and Wagyu sired cattle at the 6th and 12th rib location." Journal of Animal Science 98, Supplement_3 (2020): 211–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skaa054.366.
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Abstract The fatty acid (FA) composition of the longissimus muscle (LM) of Angus and Wagyu sired cattle raised to a similar body weight (612 kg) were compared at the 6th and 12th rib locations. Angus sired steers represented T1, cattle from a Wagyu sire selected for growth represented T2, and cattle from a Wagyu sire selected for marbling represented T3. Data were analyzed mixed model with repeated measurements on animal (LM location); the model include the fixed effect of treatment, LM location, and their interaction, and random effect of sex. The percentage of 16:0, 18:1cis9, 18:3, and monounsaturated FA (MUFA) exhibited a treatment*LM location interaction (P ≤ 0.7), where T2 cattle had a greater percentage of 16:0 and a lesser percentage of 18:1cis9, 18:3, and MUFA at the 12th rib vs. 6th rib location compared with T1 and T3 cattle. The percentage of total FA lipid, polyunsaturated FA(PUFA), and PUFA:SFA ratio in the LM were greater (P ≤ 0.02) for T3 cattle compared with T1 and T2 cattle. The percentage of 18:0 was greater (P ≤ 0.01) for T1 cattle compared with T2 and T3 cattle, while T1 cattle had a greater (P ≤ 0.01) percentage of saturated FA (SFA) compared to T3 cattle. The percentage of 18:1cis9, other 18:1cis isomers, 18:2, MUFA, and MUFA:SFA ratio were greater (P ≤ 0.02) for T3 cattle compared with T1 cattle, with T2 cattle being intermediate. The percentage of total FA lipid, 18:0, 18:1 trans isomers, and SFA were greater (P ≤ 0.01) at the 6th rib LM location, while 14:1, 18:cis9, other 18:1 cis isomers, MUFA, MUFA:SFA, and PUFA:SFA ratio were greater (P ≤ 0.02) at the 12th rib LM location
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Bellamy, HJ, R. A. Mrode, and G. J. T. Swanson. "Estimation of genetic parameters for conformation traits assessed on a linear scale in ayrshire cattle." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Production (1972) 1992 (March 1992): 125. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0308229600022364.
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Information on the conformation of Ayrshire cattle has been collected by the Ayrshire Cattle Society (ACS) since 1985. Seventeen traits are recorded on a scale of 1 to 9 where 1 and 9 represent the biological extremes of the population. Approximately 2000 records are collected annually and analysed by the Milk Marketing Board using Best Linear Unbiased Prediction to provide sire evaluations on Ayrshire bulls, fitting a sire model. In the past there have been insufficient records to produce reasonable estimates of heritabilities for the traits and those from the Holstein/Friesian population have been used. The purpose of this study was to produce heritability estimates for each trait for use in future analyses.
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G GIRIMAL, DHANRAJ, D. KUMAR, B. N. SHAHI, A. K. GHOSH, and SUNDIP KUMAR. "Sire evaluation using conventional methods and animal models in Sahiwal cattle." Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 92, no. 4 (2022): 492–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.56093/ijans.v92i4.124181.
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Sire evaluation is one of the most important aspects of dairy cattle genetic improvement programme which involves the estimation of breeding value of the bulls on the basis of first lactation 305-day milk yield. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the Sahiwal sires on the basis of observed and predicted first lactation 305-days milk yield. The study was conducted utilizing 19 Sahiwal sires with three or more daughters per sire which were evaluated and ranked on the basis of first lactation 305-day milk yield. Three different sire evaluation methods, viz. Simple daughter average, Least squares method (LSM), Best linear unbiased prediction method(BLUP) were compared. The BLUP method was found to be superior followed by LSM and Simple Daughter Average Method for evaluating the sires for first lactation 305-day milk yield
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Chanda Nimbkar and Naomi Wray. "An investigation of the use of sire referencing in genetic improvement in beef cattle." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Production (1972) 1991 (March 1991): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0308229600019814.
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Sire referencing schemes were first introduced in Australian sheep breeds with the aim, as the name suggests, of referencing sires used In different flocks, where the flocks tended to be large and sires tended to be selected from within the flock. However, sire referencing schemes can provide additional benefits when flock or herd size is small, since In this situation sires at least must be purchased from outside from other breeders to avoid problems of inbreeding; sire reference schemes help ensure that superior stock from other breeders can be identified objectively.
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LIU, M. F., and M. MAKARECHIAN. "COMPARISON OF PHENOTYPIC VARIATION WITHIN PATERNAL HALF SIB FAMILIES FOR WEANING WEIGHT IN A PUREBRED AND A SYNTHETIC BEEF CATTLE POPULATION." Canadian Journal of Animal Science 70, no. 2 (1990): 703–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjas90-083.
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Records of 1487 adjusted weaning weights expressed as deviations from year means in a multibreed Beef Synthetic and a purebred Hereford population raised and managed together under the same selection program from 1968 to 1978 were used to examine the behavior of the phenotypic variation within sire families in the two populations and to further test the conventional common error variance assumption imposed on a sire model. The results indicated that on the average there was no difference in the phenotypic variation within sire families between the purebred and the synthetic populations. Within-sire standard deviations in the two populations were also normally and similarly distributed. Within-sire variances were not heterogeneous. The results suggested that the conventional common error variance assumption imposed on a sire model would be a reasonable approximation applicable to the two populations of different origins. Key words: Beef cattle, variation among half-sibs, weaning weight
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Richardson, E. C., R. M. Herd, I. G. Colditz, J. A. Archer, and P. F. Arthur. "Blood cell profiles of steer progeny from parents selected for and against residual feed intake." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 42, no. 7 (2002): 901. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea01098.
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This study examined whether a single generation of divergent selection for residual feed intake was accompanied by differences in red and white blood cell parameters that could assist in the early identification of animals likely to perform well in a test for residual feed intake. Two cohorts of steer progeny born in 1996 (n = 74) and 1998 (n = 120) of parents selected for low residual feed intake (high efficiency) and high residual feed intake (low efficiency) were used. The steers grazed on pasture before feedlot entry and subsequent feed intake test. Blood samples were collected from the 1998 born cattle at pasture the day before feedlot induction, and for all cattle, at the start, middle and end of their feed intake test. Statistically significant regressions between sire estimated breeding value for residual feed intake and white blood cell count, haemoglobin level, haematocrit and percentage monocytes measured on their progeny over a feed intake test were evidence for a genetic association between these blood parameters and residual feed intake. Of the cell parameters measured in the blood samples collected from cattle at pasture before feedlot entry, only white blood cell count (r = –0.20, P<0.05) and neutrophil count (r = –0.29, P<0.01) were correlated with steer residual feed intake in the feedlot, none (P>0.05) were correlated with sire estimated breeding value for residual feed intake. Cell parameters measured in the blood samples collected from cattle at the start of the feed intake test were not correlated (P>0.05) with steer residual feed intake in the feedlot or with sire estimated breeding value for residual feed intake. It is doubtful that blood parameters in a blood sample taken at pasture before feedlot entry or at the start of a feed intake test can be used to predict residual feed intake of individual steers or sire progeny groups in feed intake tests.
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El Berbri, Ikhlass, Anne Françoise Petavy, Gerald Umhang, et al. "Epidemiological Investigations on Cystic Echinococcosis in North-West (Sidi Kacem Province) Morocco: Infection in Ruminants." Advances in Epidemiology 2015 (April 19, 2015): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/104025.
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Despite alarming statistics on cystic echinococcosis (CE) in humans and the importance of dog and ruminant populations, no epidemiological investigations have been performed on CE in Sidi Kacem Province (North-West of Morocco). A part of large research project was devoted to determine the status of CE in ruminants. This paper reports the results of the investigations carried out in the 10 abattoirs of this region, over four successive years (April 2009–March 2013). A total of 1,302 sheep, 652 head of cattle, and 136 goats were postmortem examined and hydatid cysts were collected and examined. The overall CE prevalence of infection was 42.9% in cattle, 11.0% in sheep, and 1.5% in goats. The prevalence shows significant association with age in sheep and cattle; sheep above 3 years and cattle above 5 years are highly infected (64.0% and 72.2%, resp.). Only liver and lungs are found to be infected. Molecular analyses identified G1, G2, and G3 of E. granulosus sensu stricto in liver and lung samples. Cyst fertility was significantly higher in sheep (54.9%) than in cattle (50.3%). These findings suggest that control measures should target not only sheep but also cattle.
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Notter, D. R., B. Tier, and K. Meyer. "Sire × herd interactions for weaning weight in beef cattle." Journal of Animal Science 70, no. 8 (1992): 2359–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.2527/1992.7082359x.
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Amer, P. R., R. Crump, and G. Simm. "A terminal sire selection index for UK beef cattle." Animal Science 67, no. 3 (1998): 445–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1357729800032859.
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AbstractA selection index which incorporates estimated breeding values of traits recorded in the United Kingdom pedigree beef cattle breeds is described. The breeding objective is made up of commercial carcass, calving difficulty and gestation length traits. Economic values for these breeding objective traits are summarized from related studies, while partial genetic regression estimates of breeding objective traits on recorded traits are derived mainly from the literature.The selection index is described in terms of the reduction in expected genetic response from selection on the index when individual recorded traits are omitted and the expected genetic responses in breeding objective traits with selection on the index under the assumption of mass selection. Failure to record all calving traits (birth weight, calving difficulty and gestation length) resulted in a reduction in expected economic response to selection of 8% from the situation where both calving traits and production traits (400-day weight, ultrasonic fat and muscle depths, and muscling score) are recorded. With a few stated exceptions, the index is relatively robust to errors in estimates of individual parameters.It is suggested that the total index be used to assist commercial bull and semen buyers in their selection decisions but that two sub-indices for calving and production traits also be published to allow buyers to adjust emphasis on the two groups of traits depending on their individual production circumstances.
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NAGAMINE, Yoshitaka, Keijiro NIRASAWA, Hideaki TAKAHASHI, and Ken SUZUKI. "Progeny Testing for Japanese Black Sire Using Crossbred Cattle." Nihon Chikusan Gakkaiho 68, no. 10 (1997): 965–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.2508/chikusan.68.965.
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Wood, B. J., J. H. J. van der Werf, and P. F. Parnell. "Valuing DNA marker tested bulls for commercial beef production." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 55, no. 8 (2004): 825. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar03268.
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This paper quantifies the benefits of using a sire genotyped for a single recessive gene in a commercial beef herd. A modified gene-flow method was used to account for changing allele frequency over time. The benefits to a commercial breeder of using a genotyped sire were highest when initial allele frequency was moderate and when the sire was used in a self-replacing herd that had increased allele frequency over time. An example of the thyroglobulin gene affecting marbling in beef cattle was used. The value to a self-replacing herd of a sire homozygous for the favourable allele of the thyroglobulin gene was shown to be up to $338 more than of an ungenotyped sire, in a population where the initial gene frequency was 0.3 and the genotype accounted for 0.5 standard deviations of phenotypic variation.
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Zabolewicz, T., U. Czarnik, J. Strychalski, C. S. Pareek, and M. Pierzchała. "The association between microsatellite Bm6438 and milk performance traits in Polish Holstein-Friesian cattle." Czech Journal of Animal Science 56, No. 3 (2011): 107–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/1299-cjas.
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The objective of this study was to verify the hypothesis postulating the location of QTL linked marker for milk performance traits in the proximal section of chromosome BTA1 by analyzing the microsatellite BM6438 alleles from heterozygous sires and the milk performance traits of the investigated cattle. The experiment covered 484 Polish Holstein-Friesian primiparous cows, the progeny of three unrelated sires, including 317 cows ‒ the progeny of two sires with 256/268 genotype and 167 cows &ndash; the progeny of a sire with 258/268 genotype. BM6438 polymorphism was determined by PCR and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Three alleles (256, 258 and 268), forming 6 genotype groups, were identified among the studied cattle. In the progeny of sires with 256/268 genotype, statistically significant differences were found out in protein yield (the progeny of 2 sires) and in milk yield (the progeny of 1 sire). In both cases, the highest values of performance traits were recorded in 268/268 genotype groups, and the lowest in half-sib groups with 256/258 and 258/268 genotypes. The analysis covering the progeny of two sires with 256/268 genotype confirmed the regularities noted in individual families. 268/268 homozygotes had a highly significantly higher (P &le; 0.01) protein yield than the remaining genotype groups. Statistically significant differences were also reported in the values of milk yield (P &le; 0.05).
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Gupta, Rohit, S. K. Sahoo, Simarjeet Kaur, S. K. Dash, and Puneet Malhotra. "Modelling Lactation Curve for Genetic Evaluation of Crossbred Cattle." International Journal of Bio-resource and Stress Management 14, May, 5 (2023): 677–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.23910/1.2023.3443.
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The present study was conducted on first lactation 4415 monthly test-day milk yield records of 466 crossbred (CB) cattle sired by 89 bulls during 2000–2018 (19 years) maintained at Directorate of Livestock Farms, GADVASU, Ludhiana, Punjab, India. The crossbred cattle with lactation length of minimum 100 days were considered for the study. The aim was to develop the best lactation curve model and to compare the breeding values of sires based on actual and predicted first lactation 305-day milk yield (FL305DMY). The data were classified and coded according to different season and age at first calving groups for first lactation 305-day milk yield. Monthly test-day milk yields of first lactation were used to develop the best lactation curve model. The Polynomial Regression Function (PRF) model was the best model amongst all the models based on both R2 and RMSE values. The breeding values of 60 HF crossbred sires with two or more daughters were estimated from the actual and predicted FL305DMY using Polynomial Regression Function by applying two sire evaluation methods viz. least squares method (LSQ) and restricted maximum likelihood method (REML). The effectiveness of LSQ and REML methods of sire evaluation was compared on the basis of Spearman’s rank correlations, coefficients of determination (R2) and coefficients of variation (CV). LSQ was found most efficient and accurate method for sire evaluation using actual and predicted first lactation 305-day milk yield in HF crossbred cattle.
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Wang, S., G. L. Roy, A. J. Lee, et al. "Genetic line × concentrate level interactions for milk production and feed efficiency in dairy cattle." Canadian Journal of Animal Science 72, no. 2 (1992): 227–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjas92-029.
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Early first lactation data from 2230 cows of five research herds of Agriculture Canada were used to study the interactions of genetic line by concentrate level, and sire by concentrate level and to estimate breeding values of sires. The genetic lines were defined as Holstein (H), Ayrshire (A), and H × A or A × H (C). The interactions of sire by concentrate level were studied separately using progeny of five different mating groups: G1, H sires mated to H cows; G2, H sires mated to H, A and C cows; G3, A sires mated to A cows; G4, A sires mated to H, A and C cows; and G5, C sires mated to C cows. The interactions of genetic line by concentrate were significant (P < 0.05) for 56- to 112-d milk yield (MY112), corrected 56-to 112-d milk yield (CMY112) and feed efficiency (EFMY112 = MY112/TDN consumption). H and C cows produced more milk and were more efficient than A cows when fed high levels of concentrate. The H cattle possess a greater capacity to convert the concentrate into milk, while A cattle reach maximum milk production earlier than H cattle. The interactions of sire by concentrate were statistically significant for MY112, EFMY112 and CMY112 in G1 (P < 0.01), and G2 (P < 0.01). The breeding values of sires for MY112 were estimated using BLUP for all of the H line (BLUP-T), for half of the population consuming low amounts of concentrate (BLUP-L) and for the other half consuming high amounts (BLUP-H). A significant reranking of sires was found among the three groups. Key words: Genotype × environment interaction, milk production, efficiency, breeding value, dairy cattle
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Kilian, Levi R. "146 Effect of Sire on Methane Production." Journal of Animal Science 101, Supplement_3 (2023): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skad281.040.
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Abstract The objective of this study was to determine if sires have a significant effect on methane (CH4) production in a feedlot setting. To reduce the emission of greenhouse gases from cattle, evaluating variables that are easy to manage and change becomes important for a solution. If sires influence methane production, selection can be used to reduce methane production in cattle as sire differences are indicative of a genetic influence. The data used in this study were obtained from Colorado State University (CSU), with animals from John E. Rouse Beef Improvement Center. Animals with methane data were included in this analysis if sire parentage was known. After filtering, there were 68 Angus cattle, with 56 sires and 12 heifers included in the study. A linear model fitting sire and pen to methane was used. RStudio was used for the general linear model, and significance values were generated. Individual CH4 emissions were collected using GreenFeed free-stall systems (C-Lock) in each of the four pens at the CSU Agricultural Research Development and Education Center facility in Fort Collins, CO. Methane emissions were measured over a 52-day period. The average animal age at the start of the period was 241± 15.76 days. After all collections were completed, the mean CH4 mass flow was 180.4 g/day with a median of 181.4 g/day. The minimum was 107.5 g/day with a maximum of 247.0 g/day. There were sex differences (P &lt; 0.05) for (CH4) emission rate. Primary to this study, sires had a significant effect on (CH4) emission rates (P &lt; 0.05). The range of sire means for methane production was considerable with the 1st and 3rd quartiles of 157.8 g/day and 209.6 g/day. In these data, sires significantly influenced the (CH4) emission rates of their progeny, and we believe selection could be used to reduce overall (CH4) emissions. With these results, however, additional analyses to fully understand if there truly is a genetic component to (CH4) production could be undertaken once additional data has been collected. These future studies need to consider the relationships between methane production and other traits such as average daily gain, dry matter intake, and weight as selection needs to occur while considering a system-wide perspective.
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Goyache, F., and J. P. Gutierrez. "Heritability of reproduetive traits in Asturiana de los Valles beef cattle breed." Archives Animal Breeding 44, no. 5 (2001): 489–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/aab-44-489-2001.
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Abstract. Heritability was estimated for four reproductive traits in the Asturiana de los Valles breed in order to evaluate the possibility of include this information in the breed's current improvement program. The estimations were done using an animal model except for calving ease score. For this last trait, a threshold model under a sire model was fitted, with the sire effect as the only random effect in the model besides the residual. Estimated heritabilities for calving interval age at first calving, gestation length, as dam traits, and calving ease were 0.12, 0.27, 0.15 and 0.42, respectively. The estimated heritability for calving interval and age at first calving could justify a sire selection program in the Asturiana de los Valles breed taking account their female offsprings' reproductive characteristics. Heritability estimates for gestation length and calving ease suggested a close genetic relationship of these two traits and birth weight. Further research is needed to estimate the genetic (co)variances between these three traits to allow the use of this information in a breed improvement program to reduce dystocia without affecting preweaning growth traits.
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Baker, R. L., A. H. Carter, C. A. Morris, and D. L. Johnson. "Evaluation of eleven cattle breeds for crossbred beef production: performance of progeny up to 13 months of age." Animal Science 50, no. 1 (1990): 63–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003356100004475.
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ABSTRACTEleven sire breeds were evaluated in New Zealand from the performance of their calves at two sites using Aberdeen-Angus cows, and at a third site using Angus and Hereford cows. The experiment was carried out over 5 years, generating a total of 4519 calves by 161 different sires. There were seven recently imported sire breeds, Blonde d'Aquitaine, Charolais, Chianina, Limousin, Maine Anjou, Simmental (including strains from four countries) and South Devon, and four local breeds, Angus, Friesian, Hereford and Jersey. Overall, 92% of calves survived at birth and through to weaning, with a range from 86% for the Charolais sire breed to 96% for the Friesian and Jersey breeds. The proportion of calves (from cows aged 3 years and over) experiencing birth difficulty averaged 8·6% and ranged from 17·7% for the Charolais, 15·1% for the Chianina and 13·7% for the Maine Anjou, to 2·3% for the Hereford and 0·9% for the Jersey. Birth weights by sire breed had a range of 7·2 kg, proportionally 0·23 of the mean for the Hereford × Angus cross. The birth weights of calves by imported sire breds were greater than those of calves sired by local breeds by 4·7 kg. Sire breeds were ranked in approximately the same order for the weights of calves at weaning (5 months of age) and at 13 months of age. As a proportion of the mean for the Hereford × Angus crosses, there was a range due to sire breed of 0×17 for weaning weight and 013 for 13-month weight. As a group, the imported sire breeds had calves with 13-month weights 11·5 kg heavier than Hereford × Angus or 250kg heavier than straightbred Angus calves; proportionally these advantages in weight were 005 and 011, respectively. There was no evidence of any major interaction between sire breed and location. The heritability estimates ranged from 0·01 to 0·05 for calving difficulty and survival traits, from 0·13 to 0·33 for live weights and from 0·06 to 0·12 for pre-weaning live-weight gains. For gestation length the estimate was 0·48.
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Siddo, S., N. Moula, I. Hamadou, et al. "Breeding criteria and willingness to pay for improved Azawak zebu sires in Niger." Archives Animal Breeding 58, no. 2 (2015): 251–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/aab-58-251-2015.
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Abstract. In Niger, the growth in local demand for milk and meat makes it necessary to consider genetic improvement of the indigenous cattle. At the Toukounous breeding station, the Azawak zebu has undergone over 50 years of line breeding for milk and meat production traits. To understand the adoption potential of improved Azawak sires in Niger, this study proposes to estimate the values that cattle keepers ascribe to different breeding criteria. In a first participatory stage, the breeding criteria used by cattle keepers were first listed and their relative importance was semi-quantified in three different production zones: pastoral, rural sedentary and peri-urban sedentary. The willingness to pay (WTP) for chosen breeding criteria have then been estimated through stated preference methods with 150 breeders. From participatory surveys, the most important attributes in sire choice were reproductive performance, feeding requirements and docility. The criteria considered for conjoint analysis (CA) were feeding requirements, docility, meat or dairy type, reproductive performance, coat color and tail length. The WTP was EUR 149 for low feed requirements, EUR 139 for docility and EUR 132 for a long tail. The meat and dairy type of the sire were less important in the decision-making.
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Wayan Wariata, Sulaiman N Depamede, Made Sriasih, Anwar Rosyidi, and Ryan Aryadin Putra. "Immunoblot analysis of antibodies obtained from rabbits immunized with a synthetic Binder of Sperm Protein-1 (BSP-1) epitope." World Journal of Biology Pharmacy and Health Sciences 17, no. 2 (2024): 029–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/wjbphs.2024.17.2.0042.
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This study aims to analyze whether antibodies produced through multiple vaccinations of a synthetic Binder of Sperm Protein-1 (BSP-1) epitope to local rabbits, can react against BSP-1 found in the ruminant sperm. BSP-1 is one of the biomarkers suggested to authenticate sire fertility. The method used was immunoblot assay against frozen semen of Bali cattle and local buffalo, also against the extracts of the caput-, and cauda- epididymis, as well as the testis of the buffalo. Analyses showed that the antibodies reacted to antigens found in the frozen semen of cattle and buffalo. The most notable result was that the antibody reacted specifically to buffalo frozen semen. No reactions occurred to the extracts of the caput-, and cauda-epididymis, as well as to the testis of the buffalo. Further research is needed to ascertain whether the antibody can be used to develop a sire fertility detection kit.
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Nagamine, Y., K. Nirasawa, and H. Takahashi. "Usage of crossbred cattle for the progeny testing of Japanese black cattle (Wagyu)." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science 1997 (1997): 146. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1752756200595878.
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The Japanese black cattle (Wagyu) is well known for their high marbling and price meat. Usually purebred calves from Japanese black cattle are used for the station or field progeny testing. If genetic variance of particular traits of the dam breed is much smaller than that of the sire breed, breeding values of sires can be estimated accurately from their crossbred progeny because genetic difference among dams is relatively small and can be ignored. The objective of this study was to investigate the possibility of using crossbred for progeny testing of Japanese black sires. Since marbling scores or carcass prices of Holstein cattle are low and do not vary widely, crossbred between Japanese black and Holstein was chosen in this study.
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Meyer, Karin, and Bruce Tier. "Estimates of variances due to parent of origin effects for weights of Australian beef cattle." Animal Production Science 52, no. 4 (2012): 215. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an11195.
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Estimates of variances due to differential expression of paternally and maternally derived genes can be obtained from animal model type analyses by fitting appropriate gametic effects. This is feasible for large-scale analyses, because the inverse of the gametic relationship matrix can be set up directly from a list of pedigrees. We present a series of analyses applying such a model to large sets of records for birth, weaning, yearling and final weights of Australian Angus and Hereford cattle. On one hand, results show that maternal genetic effects on these traits are largely confounded with maternal parent of origin effects, so that it is difficult to reliably separate the respective variance components. On the other hand, paternal parent of origin effects tend to act similarly to sire × herd effects so that estimates of their variance are inflated by any effects not modelled and contributing to such apparent interaction. Fitting an animal model with both parent of offspring effects, maternal genetic and permanent environmental effects as well as sire × herd and maternal grand-sire × herd of origin of dam interactions as additional random effects yielded estimates of the variance due to paternal parent of origin effects of 5–7% of the phenotypic variation for birth and weaning weights and of 0–1% for yearling and final weights. Corresponding estimates for maternal parent of origin effects were 0–11% for birth and weaning weights and 7–8% for yearling and final weights, while sire and maternal grand-sire interaction effects explained from 0 to 4% of the phenotypic variance.
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Rocha, J. C. M. C., H. Tonhati, M. M. Alencar, and R. B. Lôbo. "Genetic parameters estimates for gestation length in beef cattle." Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia 57, no. 6 (2005): 784–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-09352005000600013.
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Variance components were estimated for gestation length fitting the additive direct effect of calf, maternal genetic effect and sire effect as random effects. The statistical models also included the fixed effects of contemporary group, that included the date of breeding (AI), date of birth, and sex of calf, and the covariate age of dam at calving (linear and quadratic). Two different models were used, model 1 considering GL as a trait of the calf, and model 2 considering GL as a trait of the dam. The means of gestation length for the purebred animals were 294.55 days (males) and 293.34 days (females), while for the crossbred animals they were 292.49 days (males) and 292.55 days (females). Variance components for the purebred animals, fitting model 1, were 14.47, 72.78 and 57.31, for the additive genetic (sigma2a), total phenotypic (sigma2p) and residual (sigma2e) effects, respectively, with a heritability estimate of 0.21. For the crossbred animals, variance components for sigma2a, sigma2p, sigma2e were 90.40, 127.35 and 36.95, respectively, with a heritability of 0.71. Fitting model 2, the estimated variance components for the purebred animals were 12.78, 5.01, 74.84 and 57.05 for sigma2a , sire of calf (sigma ²asire), sigma2p, and sigma2e , respectively. The sire effect accounted for 0.07 (c²) of the phenotypic variance and the coefficient of repeatability was 0.17. For the crossbred animals, the variance components were 22.11 (sigma2a ), 22.97 (sigma ²asire ), 127.70 (sigma2p) and 82.61 (sigma2e), while c² was 0.18 and repeatability was 0.17. Therefore, regarding selection of beef cattle, it is suggested to use the heritability estimate obtained by model 1, where GL is considered as a trait of the calf.
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Rattanaronchart, Suwat, M. Grossman, W. A. Mohammad, R. D. Shanks, and A. J. Lee. "Sire and Sire-Feeding Regimen Interaction Effects on Lactation, Growth, and Carcass Traits in Dairy Cattle." Journal of Dairy Science 68, no. 5 (1985): 1311–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(85)80963-2.
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Pariyati, Pariyati, and Rukhayati Rukhayati. "UPAYA PENGEMBANGAN DAN PEMBERDAYAAN PETERNAK SAPI BALI POTONG SISTEM PERKANDANGAN DI KECAMATAN DOLO KABUPATEN SIGI." Sambulu Gana : Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat 1, no. 1 (2022): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.56338/sambulu_gana.v1i1.2198.
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Beef cattle farming business can be said to be successful if the business contributes income and can meet the daily needs of farmers. Currently, beef cattle farming is mostly carried out by the community, so that it opens and absorbs workers. Livestock business can be the foundation of family income (source of income). handling livestock as a series of activities, through community service activities that are carried out independently, is expected to open up public insight through beef cattle farming. Food self-sufficiency in a broad sense is not only in rice, but includes the total food needs of the people. The success of widespread food self-sufficiency is expected to encourage the creation of sustainable food sources
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Bertrand, J. K., P. J. Berger, and R. L. Willham. "Sire × Environment Interactions in Beef Cattle Weaning Weight Field Data." Journal of Animal Science 60, no. 6 (1985): 1396–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.2527/jas1985.6061396x.
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Citek, J., V. Rehout, J. Hajkova, and J. Pavkova. "Monitoring of the genetic health of cattle in theCzechRepublic." Veterinární Medicína 51, No. 6 (2012): 333–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/5553-vetmed.
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A screening was carried out for CVM, BLAD, DUMPS, bovine citrullinaemia, glycogen storage disease V, and Robertsonian translocations in the cattle population of the Czech Republic. In 406 Holstein sires and 146 Czech Pied (Czech Simmental) sires entering the AI programme in the Czech Republic from 2003&ndash;2005, no heterozygous sire for DUMPS, bovine citrullinaemia and BLAD was found. The heterozygote was not found also in the beef sires of Charolais, Limousine, Beef Simmental, Blonde d&rsquo;Aquitaine, Belgian Blue, Aberdeen-Angus, and Hereford breeds. In 111 elite Holstein females, 21 (18.9%) were heterozygotes for CVM, and were dominant homozygotes for BLAD, DUMPS and bovine citrullinaemia. In the myophosphorylase gene responsible for the glycogen storage disease V, in the Charolais (n = 30), Czech Pied (n = 53), and Belgian Blue, Limousine, Blonde d&rsquo;Aquitaine, Aberdeen Angus, and Beef Simmental sires analysed, the heterozygote was not found. Robertsonian translocations were examined in 767 Holstein sires, 1 010 Czech Pied (Simmental) sires, 142 beef sires, and 48&nbsp;dams. Of these, 10 sires of Czech Pied breed, 5 beef sires, and 13 females were found to be positive. The monitoring of BLAD, CVM, and Robertsonian translocations is recommended.
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Hanuš, O., J. Kučera, T. Yong, et al. "Effect of sires on wide scale of milk indicators in first calving Czech Fleckvieh cows." Archives Animal Breeding 54, no. 1 (2011): 36–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/aab-54-36-2011.
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Abstract. The possible genetic impact of sire on cattle populations, herd milk yield and milk traits (fat and protein) have been described in the literature along with its impact on some milk indicators (MIs) as somatic cell count, urea and ketones. There is a dearth of information on the impact on a series of other MIs (physical, chemical, health, technological). The goal of this study was to assess the possible effect of sire on a wide range of MIs including technological properties in Czech Fleckvieh to suggest future possible breeding trends. A series of MIs (n=37) was investigated in individual milk samples (MSs). 191 effective daughters (MSs) were included. The sire groups (n=13) were well balanced in terms of herd, lactation stage and sampling season. Only sires with >5 daughters were ranked. A linear model of analysis variance with the fixed effects, sire and combined factor (herd × year × season) was used. 19 MIs as log count of streptococci in fermentation ability of milk (log FAM–CS), FAM–CS, log total fine microflora count in FAM (log FAM–TCM), FAM–TCM, solids non fat (SNF), iodine content, citric acid (CA), titration acidity in FAM, lactose (L), crude protein (CP), true protein (TP), casein (CAS), dry matter, Mg and P content, milk alcohol stability, electrical conductivity (EC), titration acidity, casein numbers (for CP and TP), log count of lactobacilli in FAM (log FAM–CL), FAM–CL and pH in FAM were influenced by sire (P<0.05). However SNF, CA, L, CAS and perhaps EC could be newly reflected as information for genetic improvement of dairy cattle with connection to dairy milk recovery and cow health. CA (10.08±1.92 mmol×l−1) deserves special attention. The model variablity explanation moved from 6.97 (SCC) over 29.51 (CA) to 48.32 % (pH) for MIs. This is one of few studies to assess the impact of sire over a wide range of MIs and the results warrant careful evaluation and further study.
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Čítek, J., V. Řehout, and J. Hájková. "Congenital disorders in the cattle population of the Czech Republic." Czech Journal of Animal Science 54, No. 2 (2009): 55–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/1668-cjas.
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The aim of the paper was to analyse congenital disorders in the Czech cattle population in 1986–2001. The offspring of 474 sires – 215 Czech Simmental, 236 Holstein, and 23 beef – were diagnosed with congenital disorders which were unevenly distributed because only 18 occurred in the progeny of 10 and more sires, in contrast to 88 occurring in the progeny of 1 sire only. Umbilical hernia was the most frequently noted disorder, and 136 sires fathered progeny with limb anomalies. The most frequent gestational accident was schistosomus reflexus, the results suggesting a familial burden. Three sires fathering offspring with the afflicted spinal column and limbs were heterozygous for Complex Vertebral Malformation (CVM) though they had not been reported as such. Foetal defects and stillbirth were quite frequent, and the calves affected were fathered by 56 sires. In rare disorders with a low incidence, an accurate genetic analysis or even simple discrimination between inherited and acquired defects is problematic. It would be our recommendation that those sires with a higher incidence of defects among their offspring should be disqualified from fathering stock bulls, or culled.
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Fisher, A. V., G. R. Nute, and M. H. Davies. "A comparison of the carcass and meat quality characteristics of piemontese - and charolais-cross cattle at the same subcutaneous fat proportion." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Production (1972) 1992 (March 1992): 187. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0308229600022960.
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Since the early 1980's there has been a growing interest in the Italian Piemontese breed as a crossing sire breed for use on dairy cows in the United Kingdom. Early interest was centred on ease of calving, growth performance and carcass yields but more recently there have been claims that the Piemontese breed produces meat which ranks highly for tenderness. The aim of this study was to evaluate carcass and meat qualities of Piemontese - sired cattle out of the British dairy herd by comparing these characteristics with similar and contemporaneous Charolais - sired cattle.
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Manzi, Maximillian, Lotta Rydhmer, Martin Ntawubizi, Claire D’Andre Hirwa, Callixte Karege, and Erling Strandberg. "Milk production and lactation length in Ankole cattle and Ankole crossbreds in Rwanda." Tropical Animal Health and Production 52, no. 6 (2020): 2937–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11250-020-02311-9.
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Abstract This study assessed daily milk yield (DMY), 100-day (MY100), and 305-day (MY305) milk yield, and lactation length (LL) in purebred Ankole cattle and Ankole crossbreds, and the influence of environmental factors on these traits. Milk yield data were obtained for 865 cows and 1234 lactations and analyzed using a mixed linear model. The overall least squares mean of DMY, MY100, and MY305 across breed groups was 2.7 L (N = 1234, SD = 1.7), 262 L (N = 959, SD = 176), and 759 L (N = 448, SD = 439), respectively, while the average lactation length was 256 days (N = 960, SD = 122). All factors included (breed group, season and year of calving, and parity) were significant for yield traits, except season of calving for MY305. First-parity cows had the lowest milk production, and fourth-parity cows the highest. For all traits, pure Ankole cows had the lowest milk yield. Among the crossbreds, there was no significant difference between Ankole × Friesian, Ankole-Jersey mother × Sahiwal sire, and Ankole-Sahiwal mother × Jersey sire, or between Ankole × Sahiwal and Ankole-Sahiwal mother × Sahiwal sire. It was concluded that Ankole crosses with Friesian or Jersey can be beneficial, even under a management system of limited nutrition as in Rwanda.
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Dobicki, A., P. Nowakowski, M. Kierzek, A. Zachwieja, and P. Baranowski. "Reproduction behavior and performance of beef cattle herd in free ranging environment of "Warta Mouth" national park." Biotehnologija u stocarstvu 23, no. 5-6-1 (2007): 253–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/bah0701253d.
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The observations conducted on a herd of beef cattle, extensively free grazed, demonstrated that cows in oestrus, breeding bulls (sires) and young bulls showed a wide range of sexual behavior. In the cow-cow relation mutual mounting was a standard sexual behavior, confirmed by 88.9% of observations. In the relation between sire and cow in oestrus, of the four forms of activity initiated by the cow, rubbing against a sire and mounting him was recorded in 100% of observations. The evaluation of the activity of the sire in relation to a cow in oestrus covered seven behavioral forms, of which as standard one may consider: sniffing and rubbing against, tasting the cow?s urine and mounting in an attempt at a sexual act, while mounting ended by a sexual act was not always the standard - 88.9% of observations. Young bulls manifested their sexual behavior by sniffing the cow in oestrus, often attempting to mount, following the sire and being always driven away. Driving away of the rival by a dominant sire was a standard behavior in relations between sires remaining close to a cow in oestrus. During the three year period of studies calving rate averaged 96.5%, while losses of calves as still born or dead during the first day after birth reached 1.5%. The best calving ratio was recorded for Salers cows (98.7%), while beef crossbred, Limousine, Hereford and Simmental cows demonstrated similar results (96.3-97.9%), and cows of the Charolais breed performed significantly (P?0.01) poorer (94.1%). Moreover, in the group of Charolais cows the largest percentage of still born calves (2.3%) was demonstrated.
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Strapáková, E., J. Candrák, P. Strapák, and A. Trakovická. "Genetic evaluation of the functional productive life in Slovak Simmental cattle." Archives Animal Breeding 56, no. 1 (2013): 797–807. http://dx.doi.org/10.7482/0003-9438-56-079.
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Abstract. Genetic evaluation of sires based on length of functional productive life of their daughters was carried out using a Weibull proportional hazard sire-maternal grandsire model. The data consisted of 214634 registered Slovak Simmental cows with censoring of 21.34%. Besides the random sire and maternal grandsire effects, the model included time dependent effects parity × stage of lactation interaction, within-herd standard deviations of milk production, herd × year × season interaction, change of herd size with respect to the previous year, and time independent effect age at first calving. Within-herd, the standard deviations of milk production had the most important influence on functional productive life. The highest risk of culling was found in cows with the lowest milk production class (uncompleted lactation). Risk of culling decreased with an increasing milk production class. Estimated heritability of functional productive life was 0.05 on the original scale. Breeding values of sires expressed as a risk ratio of their daughters were between −0.57 and 0.53.
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TRUS, D., and J. W. WILTON. "GENETIC PARAMETERS FOR MATERNAL TRAITS IN BEEF CATTLE." Canadian Journal of Animal Science 68, no. 1 (1988): 119–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjas88-011.
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Direct (D) and maternal (M) parameters for birth weight (BW), preweaning gain (WG) and calving ease (CE) were estimated for Angus (AN), Hereford (HE), Charolais (CH), Simmental (SM) and Shorthorn (SS). Data for the study were collected by Agriculture Canada from 1973 to 1983 for use in the National Sire Monitoring Program. Variances were estimated for each breed by a modified Method IV applied to a sire-maternal grandsire model with herd-year-seasons and age of dam × sex of calf as fixed effects. Genetic correlations (D/M) between D and M effects for WG in AN, HE, SS, CH and SM were −0.54, −0.42, −0.14, −0.26 and −0.45, respectively. Corresponding estimates of direct heritability for WG were 0.39, 0.30, 0.39, 0.27 and 0.43 and of maternal heritability 0.21, 0.27, 0.26, 0.16 and 0.20. Estimates for BW were similar to those for WG. Estimates of the D/M correlation for CE were −0.43, −0.15, −0.32, −0.74 and −0.27, of the direct heritability 0.28, 0.17, 0.19, 0.33 and 0.21, and of the maternal heritability 0.22, 0.13, 0.19, 0.23 and 0.27 for AN, HE, SS, CH and SM, respectively. Genetic trend and the introduction of new genetic lines are expected to have influenced parameter estimates. Due to negative D/M correlation estimates and moderate maternal heritabilities, selection for both the D and M components of maternal traits is advised. Key words: Variance, direct, maternal, heritability, genetic correlation, beef cattle