Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Silverio Rivas“

While NauFM goes from strength-to-strength, its establishment rival Radio Kalang has been on the verge of collapse. However, clouding NauFM's silver lining are serious questions about the quality and style of its news and information programs.

SummaryBackround/Aim: The purpose of this in vitro study is to evaluate the antibiofilm and antimicrobial activities of 5 different restorative materials that release fluoride.Material and Methods: Five different fluoride releasing restorative materials [Riva Self Cure (SDI, Australia), Riva Light Cure (SDI, Australia), Riva Silver (SDI, Australia), Dyract® XP (DENTSPLY, Germany) and Beautifil II (SHOFU, Japan)] and one composite resin material (Grandio, VOCO, Germany) were selected for this study. A total of 48 specimens (8 of each) were prepared using Teflon molds (4.0 mm-diameter and 2.0 mm-thickness). The antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of the mentioned restorative materials on Streptococcus mutans were evaluated. The data obtained were evaluated by One-Way analysis and Tukey’s Test (p<0.05).Results: As a result, no correlation was found in terms of antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of the restorative materials evaluated in the study. While the dental plaque (matrix) accumulation was detected at least on the Grandio resin, the materials with the least cell adhesion were Light Cure and Riva Self Cure since it showed antiadhesive properties for S. mutans.Conclusions: Although the highest antibacterial activity against S. mutans was detected in resin-modified glass ionomers, biofilm matrix (dental plaque) accumulation was mostly detected on these material surface in our study.

Clinical Relevance The new formulations of nano-silver fluoride caused less dentin staining than the already available commercial agents 35% silver fluoride and silver diamine fluoride at 30% and 38%. SUMMARY The objective of this study was to evaluate the dentin staining potential of nano-silver fluoride (NSF 600 and 1500 ppm) compared with the following commercially available cariostatic agents: Advantage Arrest (Elevate Oral Care, West Palm Beach, FL, USA), Riva Star (SDI, Victoria, Australia), and Cariestop (Biodinâmica, Paraná, Brazil). Seventy-five extracted human molars were sectioned at the cementoenamel junction, and the occlusal enamel was removed for exposure of coronary dentin. The samples were divided among the five agents tested (n=15). The dentin staining (ΔE/ΔL) was analyzed with a digital spectrophotometer (VITA Easyshade, VITA Zahnfabrik, Bad Säckingen, Germany) at three different time points (before application, after two weeks, and after four weeks). Photographic images were also performed. The Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests compared the mean ΔE and ΔL values between groups. The NSF 600 and 1500 ppm resulted in the smallest color change (ΔE=1.02 and 1.53) and dentin staining after four weeks (ΔL=−0.76 and −1.2). The new formulations differed significantly from the commercial cariostatic agents (p&lt;0.001). NSF might be an alternative to silver diamine fluoride since it does not compromise esthetics.

Because of the USA’s relative decline of national power and the rapid emergence of China, the Indo-Pacific lacks a regional order as existed during the latter half of the twentieth century. The USA and China have had strained relations since the 2010s as economic and hegemonic rivals. Furthermore, at the cusp of the 2020s, a blame game is unfolding over COVID-19. Neither nation can be expected to serve a role as an order manager of peace and stability in the Indo-Pacific. Under such international situations, Japan and India should cooperate to initiate consideration of the regional order now. To establish such an order for the future, ends and means carry an importance. The ends should be the creation of a free, open, inclusive and democratic Indo-Pacific. The means should be some mechanisms based on principles of multilateralism, for example, Quad-Plus, not only involving the four countries: like-minded countries should also be included. In this way, we can find a silver lining beyond COVID-19. JEL Codes: F5, I19

O ensino de Física pode ser associado a atividades que levam à memorização de informações, fórmulas, estruturas e conhecimentos que limitam a aprendizagem, desmotivando o aluno quanto à Física. Os recursos didáticos são considerados elementos essenciais no trabalho dos conteúdos escolares com os alunos, pois permite o contato com diversas formas de aprendizagem, cuja aplicação permeia aspectos motivacionais, estimulantes, desafiadores e colaboradores. Nesse sentido, objetiva-se no trabalho relatar a utilização de paródias como estratégia de ensino e aprendizagem para abordagem de conteúdos de Física, dando enfoque ao uso da contextualização. “Para Ribas e Guimarães (2004, p. 2), quando o aluno sente prazer na atividade proposta pelo professor, a aprendizagem e o processo cognitivo de construção do conhecimento são estimulados”. Segundo os autores, a construção de conhecimentos significativos está ligado a algo que chama atenção e que revela coisas com as quais o indivíduo identifica-se e que pode despertar sensações ou emoções. Para eles, a base de tal reflexão está associada ao estímulo da crítica e a vivência de cada um. Assim, “...o uso da música na forma de paródias tem a possibilidade de quebrar a rotina escolar baseada no modelo tradicional de ensino, possibilitando momentos de alegria e descontração durante a aula, estimulando a atenção e a responsabilidade necessárias à aprendizagem” (SILVEIRA; KIOURANIS, 2008, p. 29).

AbstractHow can institutional corruption be combatted? While recent years have seen a growth in anti-corruption literature, examples of countries rooting out systemic corruption remain few. The lack of success stories has sparked an academic debate about the theoretical foundations of anti-corruption frameworks: primarily between proponents of the principal-agent framework and those seeing systemic corruption as the result of collective-action problems. Through an analysis of current principal-agent and collective action anti-corruption literature, this article adds two additional arguments to the debate: (a) the need to specify what one talks about when talking about systemic corruption and (b) the necessity to move beyond the principal-agent versus collective action frameworks dichotomy towards a policy-centered approach for how to combat institutional corruption. Having outlined how institutional corruption can be seen as one type of systemic corruption, this article shows how a policy-centered approach such as strengthening the appearance standard through an independent public commission can address theoretical mechanisms emphasized in each anti-corruption framework–thus arguing that the frameworks complement rather than rival each other. The article ends by arguing for an anti-corruption discourse acknowledging that a multifaceted problem such as corruption requires multiple frameworks rather than attempts for silver-bullet explanations.

The years 1289–1313 witnessed particularly prolific minting activities at different southern and central Greek mints on behalf of different polities. The coin issues are of great economic and political relevance, and therefore of interest to modern historians. Our understanding of these is based on traditional sources, either numismatic (types and finds), or historical. This paper aims to investigate the possibilities of adding further details to the picture through archaeometry. Specifically, tournois pennies of the three main mints of the region (Clarentza, Thebes, Naupaktos) excavated at Ancient Corinth were analysed according to two different non-destructive methods, X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF) and laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS). The resulting relative silver percentages and the fingerprints of the trace elements have supported our attempts to put the different coin types in chronological order and to add detail to the context and intent for each one of these. A vivid picture of monetary production emerges. The different issuing authorities were usually intent on maintaining a decent standard while variously trying to put pressure on rivals or to harmonise their productions with their allies. All the analysed mints were commercial in character, though they were subject to the great political changes affecting Greece in this period, the ambitions of the Angevin dynasty, the various challenges which it faced in Athens, the Peloponnese and the western Mainland, and finally the destructive arrival of the Catalans. In times of need, specifically military, these same mints could therefore rely on further bullion which reached them through internal or external political channels.

Hardly had the Spaniards and Portuguese established their first footholds in the newly discovered Americas they claimed as their exclusive preserves than their European rivals and enemies were on the scene. In what came to be known as the Spanish Indies they endeavoured to obtain some of the continent's staggering wealth in precious metals. In Brazil they were after the logwood that could be more or less had for the taking. It produced dyes far superior to those then in use in Europe and in great demand in an expanding textile industry, of which that of England was a considerable part. Besides which there was the pleasing prospect that Brazil's great rivers might give access to the silver mining regions of Spanish South America. Such predatory urges were sharpened as Protestantism took root in Western Europe. Convinced that the military strength of Spain, the continent's leading Catholic power, stemmed from American bullion, zealous Protestants believed that could this wealth only be diverted into the right hands the true faith would be saved, its adherents duly rewarded and Spain, deprived of its lifeblood, ruined. But the implementation of this godly strategy was no obstacle to conducting a lucrative commerce with the arch-enemy. Sugar and tobacco, of which the Iberian Americas were soon substantial producers, could be purchased for sale in a growing European market. Equally appealing was the opportunity to sell to Portuguese and Spanish colonists the African slaves their plantation economies demanded. And no less attractive or rewarding was the chance to supply them with those European goods, both luxuries and necessities, which they were forbidden to produce for themselves and which Iberian industries were increasingly unable to provide, or which, through the inadequacies of the Spanish and Portuguese imperial commercial monopoly, were usually in short supply and invariably grossly over-priced.

INDICADORES DE VIABILIDADE ECONÔMICA DE PRODUÇÃO IRRIGADA DE SORGO FORRAGEIRO PARA BOVINOCULTURA DE CORTE1 JARDEL HENRIQUE KIRCHNER2; ADROALDO DIAS ROBAINA3; MARCIA XAVIER PEITER4; ROGÉRIO RICALDE TORRES5; WELLINGTON MEZZOMO6; LUIS HUMBERTO BAHÚ BEN7 ¹ Trabalho retirado da tese intitulada: “Aspectos produtivos e viabilidade econômico-financeira da irrigação em sorgo forrageiro”, do autor Jardel Henrique Kirchner 2 Eng. Agrônomo, Doutor, Professor do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Nelsi Ribas Fritsch, nº 1111, bairro Esperança, Ibirubá, RS, Brasil, CEP: 98200-000, jardel.kirchner@ibiruba.ifrs.edu.br 3 Eng. Agrônomo, Doutor, Professor Titular do Departamento de Engenharia Rural, UFSM, Avenida Roraima, nº 1000, bairro Camobi, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil, CEP: 97195-000, diasrobaina@gmail.com 4 Eng. Agrônoma, Doutora, Professora Associada do Departamento de Engenharia Rural, UFSM, Avenida Roraima, nº 1000, bairro Camobi, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil, CEP: 97195-000, mpeiter@gmail.com 5 Eng. Agrônomo, Doutor, Professor do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Eng. João Viterbo de Oliveira, nº 3061, Zona Rural, Vacaria, RS, Brasil, CEP: 95219-899, rogerio.torres@vacaria.ifrs.edu.br 6 Eng. Agrônomo, Mestre, Doutorando no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Agrícola, UFSM, Avenida Roraima, nº 1000, bairro Camobi, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil, CEP: 97195-000, wmezzomo@hotmail.com 7Eng. Agrônomo, Doutor, Madruga Consultoria Agronômica, Rua Silveira Martins, nº 967, bairro Centro, Santiago, RS, CEP: 97700-000, luishumbertoben@gmail.com 1 RESUMO A bovinocultura de corte é uma das principais atividades agropecuárias no Rio Grande do Sul. Contudo, os produtores preocupam-se com a alimentação dos animais, pois irregularidades das chuvas causam falta de alimento. As pastagens cultivadas são amplamente utilizadas, principalmente o sorgo forrageiro, usando a irrigação para suprir as necessidades hídricas. Porém, necessita-se determinar a viabilidade econômica da irrigação da pastagem através de indicadores econômicos. O trabalho objetivou avaliar a viabilidade econômica da irrigação em sorgo forrageiro através de indicadores (Valor Presente Líquido (VPL), Taxa Interna de Retorno (TIR) e relação Benefício/Custo (B/C)) para a bovinocultura de corte. Conduziram-se dois experimentos em 2015/2016 e 2016/2017 em Santa Maria (RS) e avaliaram-se as produtividades com lâmina de 100 % da ETo. Determinou-se a carga animal possível de ser alimentada com a produção, simularam-se três cenários de ganho de peso diário por animal (0,5, 1 e 1,5 kg x animal x dia-1) e determinaram-se os custos e a viabilidade econômica. Verificou-se que há viabilidade econômica da irrigação em todos os indicadores avaliados: VPL entre 2.421,00 e 82.105,00 R$ ha-1, TIR entre 9 e 82% e relação B/C entre 1,21 e 4,74 atrelando os resultados à rentabilidade dos diferentes cenários de ganho de peso diário animal. Palavras chave: Sorghum bicolor L. (Moench), irrigação de pastagem, indicadores econômicos. KIRCHNER, J. H.; ROBAINA, A. D.; PEITER, M. X.; TORRES, R. R.; MEZZOMO, W.; BEN, L. H. B. ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY INDICATORS OF IRRIGATED PRODUCTION OF FORAGE SORGHUM 2 ABSTRACT Beef cattle raising is one of the main agricultural activities in Rio Grande do Sul. However, producers are concerned with feeding the animals, as rainfall irregularities cause lack of food. Cultivated pastures are widely used, especially forage sorghum, using irrigation to meet water needs. However, it is necessary to determine the economic viability of pasture irrigation through economic indicators. The objective of this study was to evaluate the economic viability of forage sorghum irrigation through indicators (Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR) and Benefit / Cost ratio (B / C)) for beef cattle. Two experiments were conducted in 2015/2016 and 2016/2017 in Santa Maria/RS and the 100% productivity of ETo was evaluated. The animal feedable feedstock was determined, three scenarios of daily weight gain per animal (0.5, 1 and 1.5 kg x animal x day-1) were simulated and costs and economic viability were determined. It was verified that there is economic viability of irrigation in all indicators evaluated: NPV between 2,421.00 and 82,105.00 R$ ha-1, IRR between 9 and 82% and B/C ratio between 1.21 and 4.74 the profitability results from the different scenarios of daily animal weight gain. Keywords: Sorghum bicolor L. (Moench), pasture irrigation, economic viability.

Previous literature in cognitive psychology has provided data involving differences in language processing between men and women. It has been found that women are usually more proficient with certain semantic categories such as fruit, vegetables and furniture. Men are reported to be better at other categories semantic, e.g. tools and transport. The aim of this article is to provide an inquiry about possible differences in semantic category processing of living things (LT) and inanimate objects (IO) by Argentinian Spanish-speakers school-aged children. The group of 86 children between 8 and 12 years old (51.16% boys) has been assessed on a semantic fluency task. Six semantic categories have been tested, three of them from the LT domain (animals, fruit/vegetables, and body parts) and three from the IO domain (transport, clothes and musical instruments). Results showed differences in semantic processing between boys and girls. 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RESUMEN A principios del Siglo XX surgen en España las primeras casas museo, una tipología museística extendida, entonces, por el norte de Europa. Estas instituciones surgen para evitar la pérdida de patrimonio artístico-cultural, poniendo en valor no solo las piezas o colecciones expuestas, sino también el edificio como vivienda o espacio privado, con valor patrimonial y referente de una forma de vida. La función principal de estas instituciones, es la de conservar y difundir el patrimonio material e inmaterial relacionado con la propia casa museo. La metodología de esta disertación se desenvolvió mediante el análisis de tres estudios de caso centrados en casas museo de artistas. El estudio de las casas museo de Jorge Oteiza, Salvador Dalí y Víctor Corral, se realizó con la finalidad de cumplir los objetivos para definir las principales referencias que articulan las casas museo con las obras artísticas. Los resultados obtenidos, permiten establecer posibles intervenciones en casas talleres o en casas museo, partiendo del estudio realizado en la casa taller de Silverio Rivas. La metodología se fundamenta en el método de multicasos, de naturaleza comparativa. Las técnicas utilizadas para la recogida de la información necesaria se basan en el análisis documental, la observación, realización de fotografías, notas de campo y entrevistas; con el fin de recoger la mayor cantidad de información para realizar el análisis de la obra artística y arquitectónica, pudiendo localizar los vínculos que tienen en común. El estudio realizado demostró la relación existente en esta tipología museística de casas museos, vinculando la obra artística (pintura y escultura) con el entorno y la casa museo. En el estudio de caso de la Casa Museo de Jorge Oteiza, la obra escultórica aporta soluciones utilizadas por Oiza al desarrollar el proyecto realizado de la zona museística, colocando las "Cajas Metafísicas" como lucernario para iluminar el museo. Se justifica, así, la relación dialogante entre las dos artes. Lo mismo ocurre en la Casa Museo de Víctor Corral, donde una parte de su proceso creativo, aparece vinculado a la casa museo, como es la relación entre sus relieves y el tratamiento realizado en la fachada principal. En el estudio de la Casa Museo de Salvador Dalí, la relación vinculante es recíproca, ya que el arte nutre a la arquitectura, y esta a su vez, nutre al arte. Las referencias que el entorno aporta son básicas en los tres casos de estudio para vincular el arte y la arquitectura. Al realizar el estudio de la obra de Silverio Rivas, se localizan referencias que articulan nuevamente, la relación entre el entorno, el arte y la casa taller. En el estudio de la casa taller, se localizan potencialidades y fragilidades que ayudan a definir las pautas para realizar la intervención en la casa taller.
RESUMO No início do século XX, surgiram em Espanha as primeiras casas-museu, uma tipologia museológica espalhada pelo norte da Europa naquela época. Estas instituições aparecem para evitar a perda do património artístico-cultural, valorizando não só as peças ou coleções expostas, mas também o edifício como habitação ou espaço privado, com valor patrimonial e referência de um modo de vida. A principal função destas instituições é preservar e divulgar o património material e imaterial relacionado com a própria casa-museu. A metodologia desta dissertação foi desenvolvida através da análise de três estudos de caso focados em casas-museu de artistas. O estudo das casas-museu de Jorge Oteiza, Salvador Dalí e Víctor Corral foi realizado com o objetivo de definir as principais referências que ligam as casas-museu com as obras artísticas. Os resultados obtidos permitem estabelecer possíveis intervenções em casas-oficina ou em casas-museu a partir do estudo realizado na casa-oficina de Silverio Rivas. Foi utilizado o método de casos múltiplos, de natureza comparativa. As técnicas empregadas para a recolha dos dados necessários baseiam-se na análise documental, na observação, na recompilação fotográfica, nas notas de campo e nas entrevistas, a fim de recolher o máximo de informação possível para realizar a análise da obra artística e arquitetónica, e identificar os aspetos comuns. O estudo provou a relação que existe nesta tipologia museológica ao ligar a obra artística (pintura e escultura) ao ambiente e à casa-museu. No estudo de caso da Casa-museu de Jorge Oteiza, o trabalho escultórico fornece soluções utilizadas por Oiza ao desenvolver o projeto da área do museu, no qual colocou as “caixas metafísicas” como claraboia para iluminar o museu. O diálogo entre as duas artes é justificado assim. O mesmo acontece na Casa-museu de Víctor Corral, onde uma parte do seu processo criativo está ligado à casa-museu, como pode ser a relação entre os relevos nela presentes e o tratamento feito na fachada principal. No estudo da Casa-museu de Salvador Dalí, a relação vinculante é recíproca, dado que a arte nutre a arquitetura, e esta, por sua vez, nutre a arte. As referências que o ambiente proporciona são básicas nos três estudos de caso para ligar arte e arquitetura. Ao analisar o trabalho de Silverio Rivas, são encontradas referências que articulam, mais uma vez, a relação entre o ambiente, a arte e a casa-oficina. Com o estudo da casaoficina, foram detetados pontos fortes e fraquezas que ajudam a estabelecer diretrizes para uma intervenção na casa-oficina. Palavras-chave: Arquitetura, Arte, Casa-museu, Casa-oficina, Silverio Rivas.
ABSTRACT In Spain, house museums appear at the beginning of the 20th century, a common museum typology in Northern Europe back then. House museums were created in order to prevent the artistic and cultural heritage from disappearing, and they promote not only the pieces or collections exhibited, but also the building as a residence or private space, a place that has a heritage value and reflects a way of living. The main purpose of these institutions is to preserve and spread knowledge about the tangible and intangible heritage related to the house museum itself. The methodology used in this dissertation included the analysis of three case studies focusing on artists’ house museums. The study of Jorge Oteiza’s, Salvador Dalí’s and Víctor Corral’s house museums was carried out in order to establish the main elements which connect house museums with works of art. The obtained findings allow us to define potential measures to be implemented at workshop houses or house museums, with the analysis made at Silverio Rivas’ workshop house as a basis. The methodology is based on the multi-case research method, with a comparative approach. The needed data collection was performed through various techniques, such as document examination, observation, picture taking, field notes taking, and interviews, in order to collect as much information as possible to carry out the artistic and architectural work analysis, and identify the aspects they share. The study findings highlighted the relationship that can be found in this museum typology, connecting the artistic work (painting and sculpture) with the environment and the house museum. In Jorge Oteiza’s House Museum study, the sculptural work shows the solutions used by Oiza when developing the museum area project, where he used the cajas metafísicas (metaphysical boxes) as a skylight for the museum lighting. The interaction between the two arts is proved this way. The same is true with Víctor Corral’s House Museum, where a part of his creative process is linked to the house museum, as in the connection found between the relief that it shows and the process used on the main façade. The analysis performed at Salvador Dalí’s House Museum showed us a reciprocal connection, since art feeds architecture, and architecture in turn feeds art. In order to connect art and architecture, the elements provided by the surroundings are essential in the three case studies. Linking elements were found with the analysis of Silverio Rivas' work, elements which, once again, enable a relationship between art and the workshop house. After the study carried out at Silverio Rivas’ workshop house, the strengths and weaknesses detected can help establishing guidelines on how to develop an intervention at the workshop. Keywords: Architecture, Art, House Museum, Workshop house, Silverio Rivas.

This chapter describes the economic policy that the Royal Society of Arts has operated in since its founding in 1754. It describes the mercantilist operations of the Society in which they assumed that the most important matter in an economy was the amount of gold and silver it was able to obtain from its rivals. It also recounts how the Society encouraged industries to replace foreign imports and rewarded improvements that boosted exports, emphasizing that the more exports a country sold, the more gold and silver it acquired. The chapter looks into criticisms of the system of monopolies in the eighteenth century, arguing that monopolies allowed a handful of merchants to raise prices for consumers. It explains how the Society had tried to undercut the monopolists of domestic industries when it came to London's fishmongers or country millers.

This chapter traces the rise and fall of electoral Populism in southern Dakota. It begins by examining the transformation of the political field in Dakota Territory, where politics was traditionally organized around the fight for patronage. Excluded from power by the dominant faction of the Republican Party, the leaders of the Farmers’ Alliance turned to third-party politics as a means of waging war on their more elite rivals. I show that support for Populist candidates was closely with Alliance strength, though this relationship weakened over time as the People’s Party took on a life of its own. Major victories were hard to come by in the absence of electoral fusion. The free silver question served as a rallying point for pro-fusion forces, which succeeded in taking power. Unable to manage the distribution of patronage, the fusionist coalition quickly collapsed, taking what was left of the Populist movement with it.