Dissertationen zum Thema „Services de l'électricité – Tarifs – France“
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Zhang, Jian. „Analyse comparative de la tarification de l'électricité : la tarification de l'électricité dans le monde“. Paris 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA020110.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis objective is a comparative analysis of electricity princing in the world and consists of three parts : - determination of criteria of selection for describing a system of electricity princing. The aim of this part is to choose, with a method both pragmatic and statistical, a few countries to be studied precisely but representing the diversity of possible cases. - analysis of the electricity princing in the six countries chosen as case studies : germany, canada, china, france, japan and united-kingdom. - synthesis and comparative analysis of electricity princing from the point of view of economic context, princing method, princing principles, rate structure and aspects related to the tariffs
Diongue, Abdou Kâ. „Modélisation longue mémoire multivariée : applications aux problématiques du producteur d'EDF dans le cadre de la libéralisation du marché européen de l'électricité“. Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00132732.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleCertain crucial financial time series, such as the interconnected european electricity market spot prices, exhibit long memory, in the sense of slowly decaying correlations combined with heteroskedasticity and periodic or none cycles. In modeling such behavior, we consider on one hand, the k factor GIGARCH process and additionally propose two methods to address the related parameter estimation problem. In each method, we explore the asymptotic theory for estimation. Moreover, the asymptotic properties are validated and compared via Monte Carlo simulations. On the other hand, we introduce a new multivariate long memory generalized model (kfactor MVGARMA) in order to model interconnected european electricity market spot prices. We sugger a practical framework to address the parameter estimation problem. We investigate the analytical expressions of the least squares predictors for the two proposed models and their confidence intervals. To finish, we apply the two proposed models to the french and german electricity market spot prices and a comparison is made between their forecasting abilities
Guillard, Quentin. „Les tarifs réglementés dans le marché de l’électricité“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bordeaux, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024BORD0250.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe electricity market is an interesting paradox. Although it has been open to competition since 1996, the visible hand of the state has not disappeared. In fact, while the increasing application of competition law to this market aims to ensure that the principles it embodies reign supreme, foremost among which the free setting of prices, the electricity market resists. The existence of several regulated tariffs (TURPE, TRVE, TOA, ARENH tariff) perfectly illustrate this. This research first analyses the legal justification for maintaining these tariffs in a liberalised market. The aim is to understand whether there is any legal justification for maintaining these tariffs and if any changes to the legal regime applicable to these tariffs have been necessary. The second part of this research is devoted to analysing whether the maintenance of these tariffs could not be affected by the changes taking place in this market. These changes include the finalisation of the liberalisation of the sector and the energy transition
Raux, Charles-Gabriel. „Quel coût pour le secteur électrique d'une politique de restriction des émissions de carbone en France ?“ Paris 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA020032.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleCointe, Béatrice. „The emergence of photovoltaics in France in the light of feed-in tariffs : exploring the markets and politics of a modular technology“. Paris, EHESS, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014EHES0096.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis explores the recent evolutions of photovoltaics in France, and in particular the rise of grid-connected photovoltaics as it was triggered by support policies set up in the 2000s. The chosen actor-network theory approach leads to a material and relational description of French photovoltaics as a modular technology whose development was driven by political prices in the shape of feed-in tariffs for PV-generated electricity. From this perspective, the intertwinement of technological evolutions, market-making and politicisation is interrogated. After suggesting a description of photovoltaics as emergent modular technologies and of feed-in tariffs as political market agencements, the thesis analyses the interwoven trajectories of feed-in tariffs and photovoltaics in three sites. First, it traces back the constitions of feed-in tariffs as a dominant form of support to photovoltaics in the context of the development of a European Policy for renewable energy. It then zooms on the French case, where the overflowing of the regulated photovoltaic market triggered a political crisis and led to the reconsideration of photovoltaic support schemes. The last case study is a material exploration of the constitution of feed-in tariffs photovoltaic market triggered a political crisis and led to the reconsideration of photovoltaic support schemes. The last case study is a material exploration of the constitution of feed-in tariffs for PV-generated electricity into an opportunity and a resource for territorial development in the context of a project developed by a rural cooperative in the South-West of France
Pham, Thao. „Market power in power markets in Europe : the Cases in French and German woholesale electricity markets“. Thesis, Paris 9, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA090019/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe two last centuries have witnessed an exceptional revolution in the organization of electric power markets worldwide. The industry's organization has changed from vertically integrated monopolies under regulation to unbundled structures that favor market mechanisms; known as reform process in Europe. The shift to reliance on market prices, given concentrated structures and particular characteristics of electricity industry, raises a possibility that some firms could influence the market prices by exercising their market power. The issues of "market power" in a given industry have been abundantly employed in the literatureof Industrial Organization since the late 1970s but theoretical and empirical studies of "market power in electricity markets" have only been developed recently. In this thesis, we attempt to carry out an insight research around market power questions in deregulated wholesale electricity markets in Europe, as regarding the way of defining and measuring it. We carry out empirical studies in two of the biggest liberalized electricity markets in Europe: France (2009-2012's data) and Germany (2011's data), using econometric regressions and electricity simulation models as main methodologies. The subject is particularly relevant inthe context of energy transition in Europe (transition energetique in France and Energiewende in Germany)
Yon, Guillaume. „Théorie économique, réalité industrielle et intérêt général. La recherche de l’optimum à Électricité de France (1946-1965)“. Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PSLEM052/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe Act of 8 April 1946 nationalized electricity in France and created a new public monopoly, Électricité de France. A small group of people, mainly from the corps des Ponts-et-Chaussées, was assembled to provide the public utility with a pricing policy. Marcel Boiteux, Gabriel Dessus et Pierre Massé, to mention only a few names, thought they would apply to the power sector the best economic theory of their time, Maurice Allais’ théorie du rendement social. The theory claimed that marginal cost pricing would bring the power sector to a state of maximum efficiency, that it would help governing the sector according to the public interest, and solve rationally the issue of nationalization and its aims. But the story turned out to be quite different. Pricing electricity did not mean applying to the sector the laws of efficiency through transfers of necessities. Rather, in a tentative, partial, progressive, often contradictory manner, the work allowed to describe and thus discuss possible exploitation projects. I propose to term this process the formulation of the optimum. Identifying such a process, I suggest, might contribute to the debate on the status of economics, the kind of truth it produces, and what we can expect from it, especially when it is closely associated with political decision making
Boulmaouahib, El Mahfoud. „La tarification de l'électricité“. Paris 10, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA100143.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleCharpentier, Bénédicte. „Le marché intérieur de l'électricité“. Nancy 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998NAN20002.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAwwad, Alaa-El-Dine. „Essai sur les modifications tarifaires : approche théorique et application à l'électricité en Egypte“. Aix-Marseille 3, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987AIX24012.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe political price of public entreprises is subjected to political-economic objectives or then a norm is presented as a reference point to enable economic analysis, and the norm is a mecanism for that analysis? to answer this question there is a decision to determine the mode of reasoning between individuel concepts which underlie traditional theory of the optium, and that which permits the best description of the fonctioning of a dual economic system. The origin of the problem of the "second best" will be found in the lack of political-economic instruments. An attempt at modernization is a result of theoretical analysis which is applied in the case of the "egypt electricity organisation" to study the augmentation of tariffs which were in effect in 1982
Lambinon, Caroline. „Tarification du transport de l'électricité et pouvoir de marché“. Paris 9, 2006. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2006PA090009.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleOpening the electricity market to competition requires the unbundling of the links production – transport, the transport activity being still regulated. Due to strong network externalities the notion of transport services goes behind the simple accounting framework. These externalities could be priced in real time at each node. This way the coordination of exchanges could be achieved through economic costs borne by the network’s users and not only through accounting costs or arbitrary commercial contracts. There are 2 organizational models opposing each other : a centralized model and a decentralized one. A centralized organization model is characterized by an unique company coordinating both the technical and economical questions and in charge of the pool centralizing the transactions, redistributing the misallocated resources resulting from the constraints linked to the network and guaranteing the transport rights on the supplied capacities. On the other hand, in the decentralized organization model, the economical function is separated from the technical function. Their coordination occurs through a minimum exchange of information between the network’s provider and the actors. These models provide adequate frameworks to define the competition rules given the decentralised nature of the actors’s decisions. Nonethesless they do not solve the question of the market power tentamount to the new structure’s success relying on flexibility and liquidity. In the centralized model, the actors react passively to the resources’ transfert therefore leading to tacit collusion between suppliers. The decentralized model takes into account the strategic nature of the actors’ behavior but the associated transaction costs are too high. To that regard, an intermediary solution like the « flowgates » could offer a suitable alternative. It would also be appropriate to phase up the heavy regulations relying on imperfect measure of competition and to implement instead incentive schemes favoring competitive behavior
Bezzina, Jérôme. „Equité, tarification, réglementation : analyse des politiques de cost allocation d'une industrie électrique de service public“. Montpellier 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998MON10008.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLong, Martine. „Les problèmes juridiques liés à la tarification des services publics locaux“. Pau, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PAUU2033.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleNjoh, Samuel. „Valorisation et couverture en marché incomplet : applications aux options sur prix spot électricité“. Marne-la-Vallée, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003MARN0164.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBoukaka, Frédéric. „La redefinition de la tarification de l'electricite au congo : une analyse micro-economique“. Paris, EHESS, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996EHES0062.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMarginal cost pricing theory date since the wole of j. Dupuit. Hotelling provided a comprehensive review of work on the subject up to the 1940s. But the development of theory, specially for application in the electric power sector received a shong impetus from the work of boiteux and steiwer in the 1950s. The definition of marginal cost when warket imperfections accurlike the in congo - induces some requirements. In the first stage of calculating the marginal cost, the objective of economic efficiency in setting tarifs is satisfed, because the method is based on future economic resource costs and incorporats economic considerations such as stradow plices. In the second stage of developing a tarif based on marginal cost, deviations from the stict marginal cost are conssidered to wret important financial, social, economic (second best), and political criteria
Thermou, Thémis. „Le rôle des institutions sectorielles dans l'évolution structurelle des industries électriques en France et en Grèce“. Nice, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010NICE0011.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe restructuring enterprises of electric industries, which were completed in the decade of 90’s, brought in question the traditional social compromise that these industries have incarnated up to then. At the same time, they have posed the question of simultaneous and evolutional impact that exists between the organisation of electric industries and the public services in electricity sector. The contractual approach of Williamson on the progress of coordination forms of transactions and on governance choices in structure is enriched by North’s approach and the concept of institutional environment as an effort to explain the progress and development of sectorial arrangements as well as the concurrent influence between institutions and organisation forms. These new abstract elements applied in Greek and French electric industries, have indicated opposite results. In France the electricity reform has been gradual, progressive, moderated and focused on the reassurance of public sense of electricity. On the other hand, in Greece, the point of electricity reform was the transactional efficiency of governance structures rather than the reassurance of public sense
Laget-Annamayer, Aurore. „Recherche sur la régulation des services publics en réseaux : le cas des télécommunications et de l'électricité“. Paris 5, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA05D003.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGruet, Pierre. „Quelques problèmes d'estimation et de contrôle optimal pour les processus stochastiques dans un cadre de modélisation des prix des marchés de l'électricité“. Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. https://theses.hal.science/tel-01238618.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn this thesis, we study mathematical models for the representation of prices on the electricity markets, from the viewpoints of statistics of random processes and optimal stochastic control. In a first part, we perform estimation of the components of the volatility coefficient of a multidimensional diffusion process, which represents the evolution of prices in the electricity forward market. It is driven by two Brownian motions. We aim at achieving estimation efficiently in terms of convergence rate and, concerning the parametric part of those components, in terms of limit law. To do so, we must extend the usual notion of efficiency in the Cramér-Rao sense. Our estimation methods are based on realized quadratic variation of the observed process. In a second part, we add model error terms to the previous model, in order to tare for some kind of degeneration occurring in it as soon as the dimension of the observed process is greater than two. Our estimation methods are still based on realized quadratic variation, and we give other tools in order to keep on estimating the volatility components with the optimal rate when error terms are present. Then, numerical tests provide us with some evidence that such errors are present in the data. Finally, we solve the problem of a producer, which trades on the electricity intraday market in order to tope with the uncertainties on the outputs of his production units. We assume that there is market impact, so that the producer influences prices as he trades. The price and the forecast of the consumers' demand are modelled by jump diffusions. We use the tools of optimal stochastic control to determine the strategy of the producer in an approximate problem. We give conditions so that this strategy is close to optimality in the original problem, as well as numerical illustrations of that strategy
Vassilopoulos, Philippe. „Les prix des marchés de gros de l'électricité donnent-ils les bons signaux et les bonnes incitations pour l’investissement en capacité de production électrique ?“ Paris 9, 2007. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2007PA090053.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleWe look at how prices from energy-only power markets can send the right signals and give the correct incentives for investments in production capacity. Through numerical simulations of spot prices over 2003-2005 we compare the investment signal sent by observed electricity prices in France and what would be competitive prices with an optimal mix and with the installed capacity. The observed prices tend to overestimate profitability for the baseload and underestimate profitability for the peak load. However, as a large share of consumers is still paying regulated tariffs, scarcity rents are capped. We simulate future prices for France for 2010 to 2020 to understand the incentives to invest. When the entry is free, the incentives to invest given by the future prices are consistent with the optimal mix including the interconnections and nuclear build is strong. With barriers for new entrants (i. E. Finding new sites), there are no incentives for the incumbent to add more nuclear capacity unless units are bid strategically. Moreover, it can also be profitable to limit prices and entry in order to increase future revenues. When the baseload is less concentrated and instead of a dominant firm the nuclear capacity is divided into five (equal share) firms, incentives to invest reappear
Croissant, Yves. „La tarification publique : fondements théoriques : extensions et application empirique au secteur des transports urbains en France“. Paris 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA010070.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe main purpose of this is to propose an empirical evaluation of the efficiency f regulated firms. The first stage of this analysis is to construct a benchmark against which actual regulation may be compared. The theoretical part is therefore mostly normative, it seeks to characterize optimal tarification in presence of different kinds of market failure. This theoretical mode is then appliedd to the french urban transportation sector. The estimation of a demand andd a cost function gives useful informations about the characteristics of this sector. These estimatedd functions are then used to construct a welfare function. Efficiency indices are calculated by comparing the welfare corresponding to actual regulation to optimal welfare. The results shaw that there's a great variance of efficiency among the firms, the values of indices varying fre:m 50 to 100 %, and that regulation doesn't seem to indice a systematic bias
Beltran, Alain. „L'énergie électrique dans la région parisienne entre 1878 et 1946 : production, distribution et consommation d'électricité dans le département de la Seine“. Paris 4, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA040405.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleHistory of electricity supply and electricity consumption in the Seine district between the 1878 universal exhibition and the 1946 nationalization of the French electricity supply industry
Goutte, Stéphane. „Variance optimal hedging in incomplete market for processes with independant increments and applications to electricity market“. Paris 13, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA132041.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe thesis focuses on an explicit decomposition Föllmer-Schweizer and an important class of contingent assets when the price of the underlying is a process with independent increments (PII) or exponential PII process. This allows to provide an efficient algorithm for solving the mean variance hedging problem. Applications to models derived from the electricity market are performed
Von, Niederhäusern Léonard. „Conception et tarification de nouveaux services en énergie dans un environnement compétitif“. Thesis, Ecole centrale de Lille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019ECLI0004.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe objective of this thesis is to develop and study mathematical models of economical exchanges between energy suppliers and consumers, using demand-side management. On one hand, the suppliers offer time-of-use electricity prices. On the other hand, energy consumers decide on their energy demand schedule, minimizing their electricity bill and the inconvenience due to schedule changes. This problem structure gives rise to bilevel optimization problems.Three kinds of models are studied. First, single-leader single-follower problems modeling the interaction between an energy supplier and a smart grid operator. In this first approach, the level of details is very high on the follower’s side, and notably includes a stochastic treatment of distributed generation. Second, a multi-leader multi-follower problem is studied from the point of view of the best response of one of the suppliers. Aggregators are included in the lower level. Two new resolution methods based on a selection of Nash equilibriums at the lower level are proposed. In the third and final part, the focus is on the evaluation of noncooperative equilibriums for this multi-leader multi-follower problem.All the problems have been studied both from a theoretical and numerical point of view
Lemaire, Christophe. „Énergie et concurrence : recherches sur les mutations juridiques induites par la libéralisation des secteurs de l'électricité et du gaz naturel“. Paris 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA010309.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleChebel-Horstmann, Nadia. „Le régime juridique de l'accès aux réseaux électriques en France“. Paris 2, 2004. https://acces-distant.sciences-po.fr/http/www.harmatheque.com/ebook/la-regulation-du-marche-de-l-electricite-concurrence-et-acces-aux-reseaux.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMiessner, Frédérick. „Analyse économique de la tarification des services d’eau et d’assainissement en France“. Paris 10, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA100013.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis approaches the problems of the tariffing of the water services in two distinct parts which correspond to the two principal elements of the water invoice: The first part relates to the analysis of the French water Agencies taxes and their role of financing water infrastructures. This is an evaluation of the financial redistribution system managed by the water Agencies. From the point of view of their financial function, impact of the collected taxes (via the water bill) and of subsidies granted finally finance the conformity of the infrastructures of water utilities. From the point of view of their function of incentive to the modification of polluting behaviours, the analysis of the system effectiveness of tax and subsidy must integrate the system of standards of emissions. The second part seeks to quantify the impact of the determinants of the price of the water services using econometric models applied to a database describing the drinking water utilities in 1724 communes of the Seine basin. This model proposes to measure the impact of the management model (public or private) and of the mode of organization (communal or inter-commune level) on the final utility price
Bandeira, Cristina Maria Semblano Brochado. „La gestion de l'entreprise publique : l'exemple des entreprises publiques de production, transport et distribution de l'energie electrique en france et au portugal“. Paris 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA010037.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe aim of this study is to analyze the evolution of the management results of a public company (edp, as it is*) andto compare that evolution with the one of a similar company (edf), as it is*), and to explain the cause of the established evolutions. The fact that the classical appraisals in terms of price and profit are totally inadapted for judging the management of those companies which purpose is public interest, brings us to examine more closely the criteria used to value their management. This examination brings us to hold the method called "the global productivity surplus or cerc surplus accounts". While this method is faulty designated as productivity, which according to us, can only be apply to human work, him being the only one to have the ability to produce, it constitutes in return a good estimation of the economical units. Putting this theory in practice for the public companies we are investigating, reveals sharply divergent results. Those results allow us by no means to condlude about their good or bad management. Actually constraints have weighted on those companies, and we must evaluate their weight. Using the relations established between the surplus concept and the variance analysis which allow to sharpen it, and by basing one's argument on the opera model, which is a dynamic presentation of the analyze-system allowing to explain the evolution of the results of a company over time, we have been able to analyze the respective influence of the environment, the activity, the organization, and the preferences and powers of the leaders of the two companies, on their management results. * edp = electricity of portugal ; edf = electricity of france
Belmont, Cortés Edgar Israel. „Réorientations et réorganisations du service public de l'énergie électrique : les cas d'Electricité de France et de Luz y Fuerza del Centro (Mexique)“. Thesis, Evry-Val d'Essonne, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009EVRY0007.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe objective of our investigation is to analyze the deregulation of the electric market, the slogan that redeploy and reorganize the service public and its effects in the productive member space. The thesis that develops is that one which redefines the mission of the service and the objectives of the company puts in the game the link of the worker with the company, with its activity and with the public user.In that way, the conversion of the public service to the model of the market represents a loss of coherence symbolical and a negotiation in which the sense that is assigned to the public service benefit. To show the convergence and the divergence of this process in both public companies, since a global point of view because they go through unstable and parallel situations, we have been analyzed, in the case of the Electricité de France: a) the transposition of the European directive and the transition to the model of the “competitive regulation”,b) the conversion of the commercial activity starting from that the direction instrumentality. i) the “professionalization of the sale” ii) the “solidarity activity” across the device that redeploy the assistance to the clients with precarious situation.In the case of the Luz y Fuerza del Centro: a) to turn the politic energy b) the controversy between to the mission of the public service and the impact in the process of the collective negotiation. c) the reorganization of the commercial activity starting from the quality of the service (included the way of how to deal with a user) get into the debate.Our interest has been built in a framework interpretative to understand the complexity of this process from a perspective comparative
COURIVAUD, HENRI. „L'introduction de la concurrence dans les activites de reseaux electriques : elements de comparaison entre la france et l'allemagne“. Paris 11, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA111017.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBeaudoin, Luc. „Évaluation de deux modèles de produits dérivés : pour le marché de l'électricité en Amérique du Nord“. Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24799/24799.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDuclos, Laurent. „Paritarisme(s) et institution(s) : la représentation du rapport Capital-Travail dans la gestion de services établis dans l'intérêt général : les cas de l'électricité et des allocations familiales“. Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2006. http://spire.sciences-po.fr/hdl:/2441/f4rshpf3v1umfa09lat30cq39.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleTansug, Çagla. „La régulation des services publics de réseau en France et en Turquie“. Paris 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA010275.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleNivault, Sébastien. „L'évolution du statut des entreprises locales de distribution d'́électricité et de gaz dans un environnement concurrentiel“. Poitiers, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004POIT3004.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMartin, David. „Electricité et développement durable“. Montpellier 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003MON10033.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePignon, Virginie. „L' harmonisation des méthodes de tarification du transport d'électricité : une analyse économique du marché unique européen“. Paris 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA010030.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSantiago, Junior Fernando Antonio. „La régulation du secteur électrique en France et au Brésil“. Paris 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA010284.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePflieger, Géraldine. „Consommateur, client, citoyen : l'usager dans les nouvelles régulations des services de réseaux. Les cas de l'eau, de l'électricité et des télécommunications en France“. Phd thesis, Ecole des Ponts ParisTech, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00005758.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePflieger, Géraldine. „Consommateur, client, citoyen : l'usager dans les nouvelles régulations des services de réseaux : les cas de l'eau, de l'électricité et des télécommunication en France“. Marne-la-vallée, ENPC, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003ENPC0019.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBased on a method of political sociology, this dissertation aims to analyze how the new strategies and practices of the different stakeholders tends to modify the user's status. This is achieved through the construction of three theoretical figures of the user : the consumer, the customer and the citizen. The results underline that the deregulation reforms induce the domination of the consumer figure. This transformation can be illustrated by the rise of consumption issues such as cost and price transparency, performance assessment, quality standards and individual consumers' protection. However, the domination of the consumer doesn't imply the exclusion of citizenship issues. Actually, new issues are emerging quickly, focused on two main subjects : the environmental protection and the management transparency of municipal utilities
Lemaître, Arnaud. „Délégation de service public, tarification et pouvoir de marché. Application au cas de l'eau en France“. Rouen, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006ROUED002.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIsidoro, Cécile. „L'ouverture communautaire du marché de l'électricité à la concurrence et sa mise en oeuvre (Allemagne, France, Italie, Royaume-Uni)“. Paris 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA020098.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSourligas, Georgios. „L'emprise du droit communautaire sur l'ouverture à la concurrence des entreprises de service public : le cas de l'électricité“. Nice, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004NICE0017.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAlsalloum, Hala. „Gestion décentralisée des interactions complexes entre producteurs et consommateurs d'énergie électrique“. Thesis, Troyes, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021TROY0008.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis focuses on the proposal of a decentralized approach for managing energy demand in the context of smart grids. The main objective is to promote energy savings and the use of clean energy resources, while encouraging users to actively participate in demand management. In this regard, controlling energy consumption becomes a priority. It applies at several levels from the neighborhood to the city. The work presented in this thesis falls within this framework. We first present a modeling of the various behaviors of the agents present within the energy market, based on game theory while taking into account several constraints such as the heterogeneity of producers and consumers present, and the spatial and temporal constraints. Then, we try to meet their needs by: (1) optimizing the demand for energy (from consumers’ side who themselves become energy producers through the integration of renewable energies) and (2) its price (from producers’ side). Finally, we propose distributed algorithms shared between players to achieve a stable state of the game. Comparisons with conventional scenarios known in this field have shown the effectiveness of our contributions
Cheng, Junheng. „Multi-criteria batch scheduling under time-of-use tariffs“. Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLE035.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe industrial sector is the largest consumer of the world's total energy and most of its consumption form is electricity. To strengthen the grid's peak load regulation ability, time-of-use (TOU) electricity pricing policy has been implemented in many countries to encourage electricity users to shift their consumption from on-peak periods to off-peak periods. This strategy provides a good opportunity for manufacturers to reduce their energy bills, especially for energy-intensive ones, where batch scheduling is often involved. In this thesis, several bi-objective batch scheduling problems under TOU tariffs are studied. We first investigate a single machine batch scheduling problem under TOU tariffs with the objectives of minimizing total electricity cost and makespan. This primary work is extended by further considering machine on/off switching. Finally, a parallel batch machines scheduling problem under TOU tariffs with non-identical job sizes to minimize total electricity cost and number of enabled machines is studied. For each of the considered problems, appropriate mathematical models are established, their complexities are demonstrated. Different bi-objective resolution methods are developed, including knapsack problem heuristic based ɛ-constraint method, multiple knapsack problem heuristic based ɛ-constraint method, bin packing heuristic based ɛ-constraint method and two-stage heuristic based iterative search algorithm. The performance of the proposed methods is evaluated by randomly generated instances. Extensive numerical results show that the proposed algorithms are more efficient and/or effective for the studied problems than the commercial software CPLEX
Cateura, Olivier. „Dynamique des stratégies concurrentielles dans un contexte de libéralisation : le cas de l'industrie électrique en France“. Phd thesis, Université Montpellier I, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00257414.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePour conduire cette recherche, nous avons choisi d'étudier une série de cas d'entreprises (EDF, Electrabel, Endesa, Enel, Gaz de France, Poweo, Direct Energie...), actives sur le marché français de l'électricité actuellement en cours de libéralisation (1996 – 2006). Cette recherche qualitative conduite par études de cas longitudinales, s'inscrit dans le cadre d'une convention CIFRE (entre le Ministère de la Recherche & la société Electrabel France) incluant une implication forte dans la vie de l'entreprise et du secteur.
Grâce à l'utilisation des séquences stratégiques multidimensionnelles, nous avons identifié deux périodes stratégiques, caractérisées pour la première, par une logique d'affrontement puis la seconde par une logique de retenue mutuelle. Nous défendons l'idée qu'après une première phase d'apprentissage des règles d'un nouveau marché libéralisé (affrontement, diversification, internationalisation), les opérateurs ont rapidement et collectivement repositionné leurs priorités sur une stratégie européenne focalisée sur la convergence gaz – électricité. La mise en place d'une compétition multimarchés a entraîné l'apparition d'une retenue mutuelle, particulièrement profitable pour les grands acteurs. La conduite d'une stratégie intégrée (marché & hors marché) ressort comme une variable importante dans la conduite et la légitimation de ces comportements.
Kirat, Djamel. „Le système communautaire d'échange de quotas d'émission : déterminants du prix du CO2 et impact sur le secteur électrique“. Paris 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA010066.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBaumstark, Luc. „Tarification de l'usage des infrastructures et théorie de l'allocation optimale des ressources : de la logique de la couverture des coûts à la logique de la révélation des préférences“. Lyon 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LYO22027.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe issue of infrastructure pricing has always been one of the major preoccupations of economists. Today more than ever, with the deregulation of the transport sector, it is in the spotlight of economic and political discussions, like most network goods. Theorists in public regulation have especially looked into the pricing procedures, which play a major role in the allocation of scarce resources. In this context, the pricing system has both avoiding waste of resources and situations in which demand of mobility is not properly satisfied. These theoretical objectives lead, on the one hand, to base pricing on investment and infrastructure funding, on the other hand to base pricing on way to regulate congested infrastructures, and lastly to base pricing on internalization of environmental externalities. The debates about infrastructure usage pricing are often limited to the costs which have to be charged on users. The theoretical analysis means further and requires to tackle pricing system as a way to force economic actors to reveal their willingness to pay in order to assure the realization of the social surplus. The actors concerned are just as well national or local authorities, citizen, users, taxpayers, as transport operators which appear with the spread of demand mobility
Concettini, Silvia. „Competition in electricity markets : retailers, generators and technologies“. Thesis, Paris 10, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA100033/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe objective of this thesis is to answer to three questions raised by the wave of reform in electricity industries: has retail liberalization achieved its objectives in European Union? How traditional and renewable generators compete in a liberalized market? What is the impact on congestion and zonal price differences of increased production from renewable intermittent sources in Italy? The first chapter provides a mid-term evaluation of liberalization of electricity retailing in Europe. We propose a comprehensive theory on retail liberalization and test its consistency with the practice in European Union. The analysis highlights the presence of an oligopolistic supply structure, a limited level of customer engagement in the market and asymmetries in the rate and speed of cost-pass through. The attribution of the Default/Last Resort service through an auction mechanism seems the best solution to favor the development of competition. In the second chapter we study the strategic interactions between a traditional generation technology and a renewable one characterized by an intermittent availability of capacity. We employ a modified version of the Dixit model for entry deterrence with two post entry competition settings: the Cournot framework in a two stage game and the dominant firm-competitive fringe setting in a three stage game. In both cases, the analysis suggests that the renewable generator exploits the merit order rule to crowd out the production of its rival. In the third chapter we analyze the impact of renewable generation on congestion and zonal price differences in Italy. Using a unique database we estimate two econometric models on five zonal pairings: a multinomial logit model for the occurrence and direction of congestion and an OLS model for the size of paired-price differences. The analysis shows that in an importing region the effect of a larger local renewable supply is to decrease (increase) the probability of congestion in entry (exit). Increasing renewable generation seems to have a significant impact on the islander zones, decreasing (increasing) the level of positive (negative) price differences
Bouteiller, Catherine. „Différenciation tarifaire dans les réseaux de transports urbains et interurbains de voyageurs : quels apports pour les services publics de transport et l’aménagement ?“ Thesis, Lyon 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO20024.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe purpose of this thesis is to define and identify the effects of price discrimination policies on the use and organization of urban public transports. Price discrimination is the possibility to price a service with different level of tariff. At first, we will define the issues around public transport fares, whose complexity is now mitigated by existing smart cards and other payment tools. Then, the spatial dimension of the fare will be given special attention through the study of the relationships between fee structure and spatial morphology of 10 cities around the world. The relationships between urban morphology and pricing will be confirmed. Knowing that usage of public transport are diverse, it is essential to have a good knowledge of users habits. Smard Card data reconstruction provides geographical and statistical information that can be re used for urban planning and for pricing policy. How ?Grand Paris orbital line 15, will be launched in 2020. It is an example of introducing a new metro line inducing significant time savings for commuters. Passengers will be given a real alternative between their usual route and the new one. The new route can offer several advantages: gain of time spent during the trip, gain in terms of number of transfers, comfort gain, security gain, price advantages. This could be an opportunity for an agency to review its fare policy. Our model is based on existing travel flows derived from the itinerary reconstruction from Navigo Smart Card pass. It establishes the principles of a fare grid based on travelers’ preferences and current travel patterns. For this research, we used data from public transport pass users in the Paris’ Metropolitan area, for one month. Finally, we show that price discrimination is related to "mobility" and not to “public transport”. If we consider the mobility needs of the user, pricing is no longer that of “transportation” but a package of services enabling access to different forms of mobility. Therefore it is transport governance that can be a problem. How to federate all mobility stakeholders in France? This dimension is essential for public transport authorities. It is a key success factor for achieving ambitious and sustainable urban planning policies
Zobu, Burcu. „La comparaison des processus juridiques de la libéralisation des secteurs électrique et gazier : en France et en Turquie“. Thesis, Paris 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA01D007/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe liberalization of energy markets is primary objective for each member and candidate State of the European Union. In order to achieve an internal energy market, European Commission set up three energy packages for electricity and gas market complete opening up to the competition step by ste^p. For a better understanding of the energy legislations and policies in France and in Turkey, it is essential to have a main knowledge related to the organisation and operation of their electricity and gas markets from the beginning by examining the institutions and monopolistic companies such as EDF, TEK, GDF, BOTAS, and their historical evolution period until the european energy directives implementation. Thereafter, it is prominent to examine chronologically every step of the liberalisation enforced by the energy packages (internal energy market 1996-2000, second energy package 2000-2007, third energy package 2007-2011, next step Energy 2020), and compare the legal procedure of the energy market liberalization process by analyzing their legislations in place and modifications during the european energy directives implementation process
Hernández, Santibáñez Nicolás Iván. „Contributions to the principal-agent theory and applications in economics“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PSLED086.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn this thesis, theoretical aspects and applications in economics of the Principal-Agent model are studied.The first part of the thesis presents two applications of the model. In the first one, an electricity provider determines the optimal tariff of consumption for its clients. Population is heterogeneous and the provider observes perfectly the consumption of the clients. This leads to a setting of adverse selection without moral hazard. The problem of the Principal writes as a non-standard variational problem, which can be solved under certain particular forms of the reservation utility of the population. The optimal contracts obtained are either linear or polynomial with respect to the consumption and the electricity provider contractsonly consumers with either low or high appetite for electricity.In the second application, a bank monitors a pool of identical loans subject to Markovian contagion. The bank raises funds from an investor, who cannot observe the actions of the bank and neither knows his ability to do the job. This is an extension of the model of Pagès and Possamaï [84] to the case of both moral hazard and adverse selection. Following the approach of Cvitanić, Wan and Yang [31] to these problems, the dynamic credible set is computed explicitly and the value function of the investor is obtained through a recursive system of variational inequalities. The properties of the optimal contracts are discussed in detail.In the second part of the thesis, the problem of an Agent controlling the drift of a diffusion process under volatility uncertainty is studied. It is assumed that the Principal and the Agent have a worst–case approach to the problem and they act as if a third player, the Nature, was choosing the worst possible volatility. This work is an extension to Mastrolia and Possamaï [64] and Sung [125] to a more general framework. It is proved that the value function of the agent can be represented as the solution to a second–order BSDE, and also that the value function of the Principal corresponds to the unique viscosity solution of the associated Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman-Isaacs equation, given that the latter satisfies a comparison result