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1
Geribaldi, Diane. „Pour une organisation de l’action de l’État dans l’Espace“. Revue Défense Nationale N° Hors-série, HS13 (20.09.2023): 132–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/rdna.hs13.0132.
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Mise en orbite de constellation de plusieurs milliers de satellites, privatisation de l’accès à l’Espace et concurrence sur les lanceurs, pollution spatiale, développement de service « in-space » , tourisme, exploration spatiale et extraction de ressources sont autant d’évolutions auxquelles la France doit s’adapter pour continuer à avoir la « maîtrise de l’Espace ». Ces missions nouvelles entraînent un besoin de coordination interministérielle accru et des attributions nouvelles pour organiser l’action de l’État dans l’Espace.
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Linder, Thomas. „Surveillance Capitalism and Platform Policing: The Surveillant Assemblage-as-a-Service“. Surveillance & Society 17, Nr. 1/2 (31.03.2019): 76–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.24908/ss.v17i1/2.12903.
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Based on empirical research on training webinars, interviews, and promotional material from Vigilant Solutions, this paper investigates the surveillance regime enabled by platform policing: the implementation of cloud-based platforms, designed and run by private corporations, that provide mass surveillance-driven simulations for a range of police operations, including predictive policing, targeted surveillance, and tactical and strategic governance. Building on Amoore’s (2016) work on “cloud geographies,” this paper argues that the platform model embodied by Vigilant Solutions involves multivalent processes of de- and reterritorialization in which new technological and datalogical spaces are formed and these erode older societal boundaries of private, public, and state. Specifically, Vigilant Solutions leverages its multi-sided platform business model through the deterritorializing, cloud-based concatenations of surveillant technologies. It then argues that the resultant reterritorialized cloud space, which is accessible through its Vigilant Investigative Centre (VIC) platform, fuses mass surveillance data from diverse private, public, and state sources in a simulated geography. Further, the VIC furnishes to law enforcement an array of data analytics that exploits this cloud geography to enable a boundary-crossing surveillance regime of association analysis and proximal suspicion.
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García, Daniel, und Daniel Martínez. „Species richness matters for the quality of ecosystem services: a test using seed dispersal by frugivorous birds“. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 279, Nr. 1740 (28.03.2012): 3106–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2012.0175.
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The positive link between biodiversity and ecosystem functioning is a current paradigm in ecological science. However, little is known of how different attributes of species assemblages condition the quality of many services in real ecosystems affected by human impact. We explore the links between the attributes of a frugivore assemblage and the quantitative and qualitative components of its derived ecosystem service, seed dispersal, along a landscape-scale gradient of anthropogenic forest loss. Both the number and the richness of seeds being dispersed were positively related to frugivore abundance and richness. Seed dispersal quality, determined by the fine-scale spatial patterns of seed deposition, mostly depended on frugivore richness. In fact, richness was the only attribute of the frugivore assemblage affecting the probability of seed dispersal into deforested areas of the landscape. The positive relationships between frugivore richness per se (i.e. independent of frugivore abundance and composition) and all components of seed dispersal suggest the existence of functional complementarity and/or facilitation between frugivores. These links also point to the whole assemblage of frugivores as a conservation target, if we aim to preserve a complete seed dispersal service and, hence, the potential for vegetation regeneration and recovery, in human-impacted landscapes.
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Hedi, Ivan, Enes Cirikovic, Zeljko Borkovic und Renato Filjar. „method for Assemblage of an Open Access Data Set for Research in Geomagnetic Effects on GPS/GNSS Ionospheric Delay in Sub-equatorial Regions“. Journal of CIEES 3, Nr. 1 (30.05.2023): 7–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.48149/jciees.2023.3.1.1.
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Space weather, geomagnetic, and ionospheric effects are major sources of Global Navigation Satellite System’s (GNSS) Positioning, Navigation, and Timing (PNT) service degradation. Researchers studying the problem often face an obstacle in missing large data sets comprising ionospheric effects variables and space weather ones for their studies. Here a formal assemblage method is proposed for data set assemblage for GNSS ionospheric effects assessment that utilises experimental sets of space weather/geomagnetic observations, and raw GNSS pseudorange observations polluted with uncorrected ionospheric delay effects to estimate Total Electron Content (TEC) as a target variable outlining the ionospheric effects on GNSS. The five Observations Quality Principles (OQP) are proposed for the observations to be used in statistical learning model development to comply to. The proposed assemblage method is demonstrated in a particular case study of an assembled data set for Darwin, NT, Australia, in sub-equatorial zone, using a tailored software developed in the R environment for scientific computing, and a freely available TEC estimation software. The assembled massive data obtained in the demonstration of the proposed method is provided in the open-access manner in support of the international scientific community.
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O'Keeffe, Cormac, und Gale Parchoma. „Symposium 2: Performing Blended Learning as a Product and a Service“. Proceedings of the International Conference on Networked Learning 9 (07.04.2014): 471–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.54337/nlc.v9.9044.
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Blended and networked learning discourses tend to focus on relations among learners, tutor/professor/teachers, peers, and material learning resources. While in higher educational contexts there is logic to this discursive practice, the roles of non-educator and technological actants in blended learning networks are often neglected or relegated to marginal positions. Non-educators’ contributions to commercial assemblages of blended learning networks can be perceived as out-sider performances, in which values are more aligned to neo-liberal, managerial practices. The roles of technological actants across contexts remain under theorised. We trace interactions among sales and service staff, technological actors, and learners in a commercial blended learning assemblage and problematise a commodified performance of blended learning in relation to blended and networked learning theorised practices. Using Callon’s notion of socio-technical capacities and assemblages, we redeploy attributes of a blended-learning network where interactions among sales and service staff, learners, technological artefacts and actants are described. The roles sales and service staff and technological agents in a second language enterprise perform blended learning as an assemblage that binds companies, human personnel, and learners. Using this approach, informed by material-semiotics, we follow the sequence of transformations that are involved in the production, distribution, and consumption of blended learning. Non-educator and non-human actants in sales, service, and administrative roles actively work to strengthen blended learning assemblages, making them more - or less - durable over time, while having little or nothing to do with supporting cooperative or collaborative learning activities central to theorised blended and network learning practices. Yet these actants perform key roles in performing blended learning as a product and a service in commercial settings that connect theories of blended learning.
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Osmond, Craig. „Anti-social behaviour and its surveillant inter-assemblage“. Surveillance & Society 7, Nr. 3/4 (06.07.2010): 325–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.24908/ss.v7i3/4.4159.
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This paper describes a recent initiative in NSW, Australia in the state government’s “fight against anti-social behaviour”. The Anti-Social Behaviour Pilot Project has developed a surveillance regime that exempts justice and human service public authorities from existing privacy laws so that these agencies can share risk intelligence about targeted young people for a more integrated and multi-agency intensive management of risk. A detailed account of the ensemble of statements that have shaped and made this highly politicised risk governance possible is outlined. The initiative seeks to establish a more flexible mode of surveillance capable of intervening into cases of persistent risks linked to the possibility of criminal offending and the risks of persistent offending that have both become linked to public safety. Two analytical frames are used to make sense of the project. Firstly, its nodal technique for integrating case management risk across governmental assemblages (police, health etc) is analysed as an exemplar of a post-panoptical surveillant inter-assemblage designed for the networked control of young people. Secondly, Agamben’s (1988, 2005) account of the state of exception is used to demonstrate how the project’s extra-legal administrative procedures for managing risks linked to “the public interest” establish a spatial arrangement for the control of young people based on decisions of exclusion that are paradoxically located inside and outside the law.
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Richmond, Matthew Aaron. „Rio de Janeiro’s favela assemblage: Accounting for the durability of an unstable object“. Environment and Planning D: Society and Space 36, Nr. 6 (17.01.2018): 1045–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0263775817753155.
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Assemblage thinking offers a new conceptual toolkit for analysing the relationship between society and space. However, major questions remain regarding both its ontological propositions and how it might be applied to the analysis of specific socio-spatial objects. This article contributes to these debates by using assemblage thinking to trace the long-term development of Rio de Janeiro’s favelas. These territories have undergone a range of seemingly contradictory changes over recent decades. On one hand, expanded infrastructure and service provision and improved social outcomes have meant favelas have moved closer to, and in some cases surpassed, areas officially designated as “formal”. On the other, they continue to be heavily stigmatised, targeted by exceptional forms of governance, and subject to militarisation and abuse by police and non-state armed groups. Tracing these developments over time, I argue that the favela is best understood as an assemblage of heterogeneous, interacting elements that operate according to diverse logics. Despite continual pressures to deterritorialise, or break apart, a density of components and relations has ensured the continual reterritorialisation of the “favela” as a distinct object of perception and action over more than a century, with far reaching consequences for residents and the wider city.
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Deseriis, Marco. „Hacktivism: On the Use of Botnets in Cyberattacks“. Theory, Culture & Society 34, Nr. 4 (04.10.2016): 131–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0263276416667198.
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This article offers a reading of internet-based activism or ‘hacktivism’ as a phenomenon that cannot be confined to the instrumental use of information technologies. It focuses on a subset of hacktivism – the distributed-denial-of-service (DDoS) attack for political ends – that aims at making an internet host unavailable to its intended users. Since the early 2000s these attacks have been increasingly conducted by means of botnets – networks of infected computers that send bogus requests to a target website without the consent of their users. The capacity of botnets to engender a more-than-human politics is analyzed from two distinct theoretical angles. First, drawing from Deleuze and Guattari, the hacktivist DDoS is discussed as an assemblage of signifying and a-signifying components, voluntary and involuntary actions. Second, Gilbert Simondon’s notions of transindividuation and transduction allow for a conceptualization of hacktivism as a sociotechnical assemblage with a high degree of indetermination.
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Cluley, Victoria, und Zoe Radnor. „Progressing the Conceptualization of Value Co-creation in Public Service Organizations“. Perspectives on Public Management and Governance 3, Nr. 3 (18.11.2019): 211–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ppmgov/gvz024.
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Abstract Value and how it is produced/created in public service organizations (PSOs) represents a current and significant issue for those researching and working in public sector management as well as public service users. Recently it has been suggested that value in PSOs is created rather than co-produced through a relationship between the service user and the service provider based on the service user’s wider life experience. Importantly, this definition shifts the emphasis from the PSO (the focus of value co-production) to the PSO service user and their wider life experience. This is by no means an agreed conceptualization; there are many and varied definitions of value and its creation process. In this article, we develop a philosophical foundation for the value creation process in PSOs, something we argue is fundamentally missing from current conceptualizations. To do this, we draw on the work of Deleuze and Guattari, repositioning the basis of value co-creation from a service logic to a logic of assemblage. We then apply this framework to a practical example of public service use to show how it can be used to make sense of reality.
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Feely, Michael. „Assemblage analysis: an experimental new-materialist method for analysing narrative data“. Qualitative Research 20, Nr. 2 (03.03.2019): 174–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1468794119830641.
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Recently social constructionist and poststructuralist theories, and the methodologies they have informed, have been criticised for focusing excessively on human discourse and human action whilst overlooking the importance of the material and non-human world. Alongside these critiques we have witnessed the emergence of new-materialist theories and methodologies that attempt to address the perceived shortcomings of social constructionism and poststructuralism. This article aims to make a small contribution to these developments by introducing an experimental new-materialist method for analysing narrative data. The method, which was developed during a qualitative research project exploring the treatment of sexuality within a disability service, borrows from established methods of poststructuralist discourse analysis whilst also seeking to remain attentive to the material, affective and non-human forces that shape and affect the stories people tell.
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Sutters, Justin P. „Locales of learning and teaching art in pre-service education“. Visual Inquiry 10, Nr. 1 (01.06.2021): 89–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/vi_00027_1.
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Social ontology addresses assertions of the entities’ existence and social scientists bring into question whether particular conventions applied to the entities being studied can subsequently affect them. This study explores existing spatial classifications enacted by federal bodies to identify areas surrounding public schools in the United States. Over a three-year period, participants in a Midwestern university art education programme engaged in field practices that used the school locale codes as a mechanism to critically reflect on how labels such as urban, suburban and rural are understood in relation to their own positionality and pedagogy. Through Manuel DeLanda’s Assemblage Theory, the author analyses participant responses through a framework wherein schools are theorized as assemblages in order to identify the constitutive subcomponents of both material and expressive components in order to bracket perceptions of the locales. Implications are provided related to fieldwork practices in the field of art education.
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Feely, Michael. „IQ, Speciation and Sexuality: How Suspicions of Sexual Abuse are Produced within a Contemporary Intellectual Disability Service“. Somatechnics 5, Nr. 2 (September 2015): 174–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/soma.2015.0160.
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It is commonplace, in our historical moment, to assume the inherent characteristics of people we label intellectually disabled makes them vulnerable to sexual abuse or exploitation. Drawing on the findings of a qualitative research project regarding the treatment of sexuality within a service for adults with intellectual disabilities in the Republic of Ireland, I take a very different approach. I argue that, suspicions, fears, and allegations of sexual abuse and exploitation are best understood as produced in, and by, the material-semiotic assemblage that both service providers and service users inhabit. In the most reductive terms possible, I am going to suggest that suspicions and allegations of sexual exploitation are continually produced within the disability service because the two social species (‘normal people’ and ‘people with intellectual disabilities’) that inhabit this material territory, and share its spaces, understand intimate relationships with and amongst people with intellectual disabilities through very different discursive lenses.
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Du, Peng, und Hsin-Hui Chou. „Sociomaterial practices for value co-creation in the sharing economy“. Information Technology & People 33, Nr. 3 (17.02.2020): 963–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/itp-10-2018-0477.
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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to address the research question of how human actors and technology interact together in practices in the context of a sharing economy. The theoretical foundation of this paper is based on the existing literature about the sharing economy and studies that have been carried out examining value co-creation and sociomateriality.Design/methodology/approachThis paper adopts a qualitative case study method for the empirical investigation. Using theoretical sampling, Xbed, an internet, unmanned and self-service hotel platform based in Guangzhou, China, was chosen for the empirical investigation. The case was built on multiple sources of data, including archival materials, on-site fieldwork and in-depth interviews. Then, the case was interpreted based on a number of theoretical concepts, with a particular emphasis on the sociomaterial perspective.FindingsThis paper shows how human actors and technology interact with one another in a number of interrelated ways, which collectively result in the value co-creation necessary for creating a sharing economy. The authors have found that various forms of sociomateriality (the intersection between technology, work and organization) play a key role in co-creation and that interactions between these sociomaterial assemblages (assemblage-to-assemblage (A2A)) drive the development of a sharing economy. These sociomaterial assemblages have dynamic and evolving characteristics.Practical implicationsThe authors argue that the key to the success of a sharing economy lies in how to engage participating actors with material entities (e.g. technology applications) to form action-enabling sociomaterial assemblages, as well as in determining how these assemblages can be systematically arranged to collectively form a larger assemblage. We suggest that managers need to conceive how relations between the social and the material realms can be structured by adopting a service logic that aims to help the beneficiary function better. The authors also suggest that managers have to consider what assemblages are necessary and how they are connected, to construct a full access-based service.Originality/valueThis paper conceptualizes the sharing economy as a system of value co-creation practices and empirically examines such practices from a sociomaterial perspective. This paper adopts the concept of sociomaterial assemblages to investigate sharing practices, through which the knowledge of the role of technology in the development of a sharing economy is enhanced. This paper also expands the knowledge of service-dominant logic by using a microfoundation perspective to look at the value co-creation that emerges as a result of the interaction between sociomaterial assemblages. These assemblages also act as constitutive elements of a service ecosystem.
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Shott, Michael J. „Mortal Pots: On Use Life and Vessel Size in the Formation of Ceramic Assemblages“. American Antiquity 61, Nr. 3 (Juli 1996): 463–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/281835.
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We know a great deal about how prehistoric pots were made and used but surprisingly little about how long they lasted in service. Vessel use life, however, is an important component of ceramic assemblage formation. A growing body of ethnoarchaeological data shows that the directly measurable “primitive property” of vessel size—in its various dimensions—is positively related to use life and that height and weight are the most reliable predictors of use life. Results offer the provisional prospect of estimating use life of archaeological vessels from their size.
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McDermont, Morag, und Samuel Kirwan. „Assembling Advice“. Qualitative Studies 5, Nr. 2 (04.12.2018): 110–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/qs.v5i2.104898.
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Voluntary sector advice agencies play, for many in the UK, a key role in accessing and understanding public services. As such, whilst fiercely ‘independent’, their relationship to the welfare state is a complex and conflicted one. Presenting data from participant observation, interviews and focus groups with advisers and managers within the Citizens Advice Service, this paper explores this relationship by focusing on two particular areas of the service; the voluntary provision of advice, and the different funding streams that enable this provision. The paper draws upon assemblage theory, focusing as it does upon elements of an organisation in their ongoing practices and relationships; a processual approach that allows us to reflect upon the broader implications of our ethnographic data. Whilst this approach was motivated by our interest in how the Citizens Advice service endures, we conclude by reflecting upon the ‘fragile futures’ of advice in the context of aggressive budget cuts and the welfare reform agenda.
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Mithas, Sunil, Charles F. Hofacker, Anil Bilgihan, Tarik Dogru, Vanja Bogicevic und Ajit Sharma. „Information technology and Baumol's cost disease in healthcare services: a research agenda“. Journal of Service Management 31, Nr. 5 (16.06.2020): 911–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/josm-11-2019-0339.
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PurposeThis paper advances a research agenda for service researchers at the intersection of healthcare and information technologies to improve access to quality healthcare at affordable prices. The article reviews key trends to provide an agenda for research focusing on strategies, governance and management of key service processes.Design/methodology/approachThis paper synthesizes literature in information systems, service management, marketing and healthcare operations to suggest a research agenda. The authors draw on frameworks such as the interpretive model of technology, technology acceptance model, assemblage theories and Baumol's cost disease to develop their arguments.FindingsThe paper situates strategy-related service management questions that service providers and consumers face in the context of emerging healthcare and technology trends. It also derives implications for governance choices and questions related to that.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper discusses service management challenges and concludes with an agenda for future research that touches on governance and service management issues.Practical implicationsThis paper provides implications for healthcare service providers and policymakers to understand new trends in healthcare delivery, technologies and facilities management to meet evolving customer needs.Social implicationsThis paper provides implications for managing healthcare services that touch on many social and societal concerns.Originality/valueThis conceptual paper provides background and review of the work at the intersections of information systems, marketing and healthcare operations to draw implications for future research.
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Santri, Tyas. „Pengembangan Permukiman Nelayan Kingking dan Karangsari Tuban Melalui Pendekatan Urban Assemblage“. Review of Urbanism and Architectural Studies 18, Nr. 2 (30.12.2020): 12–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.ruas.2020.018.02.2.
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Indonesia is an archipelago country with a sea larger than the mainland, so it is undeniable that in Indonesia there are many fisherman settlements. Often fishermen settlements in Indonesia are marginalized in the development of maritime and service industries and even become victims of the activities of the utilization of coastal areas by the private sector engaged in tourism, industry, and services. The fisherman settlement community is not getting a positive impact from the development, therefore this study aims so that the fisherman settlement community can get a positive impact from the development of the surrounding area. This research takes a case study in the fisherman settlements of Kingking and Karangsari in Tuban Regency, East Java. The approach used in this research is the urban assemblage approach to reveal socio-cultural knits as a cultural force that shapes the sustainability of the place. The urban assemblage approach will be supported by search methods which will then be analyzed descriptively qualitatively. The search was carried out through literature review and field surveys. This research presents the results in the form of a mapping of knits between culture, social, the economy as the cultural strength of the Kingking and Karangsari fisherman settlements with the surrounding tourist areas. The results of this study can be considered by the government and local communities in planning the development of coastal areas or fisherman settlements into tourist destinations.
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O. Ajala, M. „Construction of steel shed: a case study of automobile service center, bells university of technology, Sango-Ota, Ogun state, Nigeria“. International Journal of Physical Research 9, Nr. 1 (02.02.2021): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijpr.v9i1.31337.
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The construction of steel shed for Automobile Service Centre at the Bells University, Sango-Ota, Ogun State, Southwestern Nigeria was deemed necessary in order to expand the existing structure, ensure safety and bring economic gains to the Institution. This paper therefore presents a report of the construction of steel shed at the Automobile Service Centre where activities such as automobile checks, repairs and so on are been carried out. In carrying out the project, the following methods were adopted: evaluation of design/working drawings, selection and fabrication of structural members, construction work and finishing. All methods follow standard procedures as specified in relevant British standards. The assemblage and completed work were the results of the methods mentioned above and it was confirmed that the members were adequate to carry the live and dead loads that they may be subjected to. The aim of the project was achieved.
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Cheung, Calvin, Samir Rawashdeh und Alireza Mohammadi. „Jam Mitigation for Autonomous Convoys via Behavior-Based Robotics“. Applied Sciences 12, Nr. 19 (30.09.2022): 9863. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12199863.
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Autonomous ground vehicle convoys heavily rely on wireless communications to perform leader-follower operations, which make them particularly vulnerable to denial-of-service attacks such as jamming. To mitigate the effects of jamming on autonomous convoys, this paper proposes a behavior-based architecture, called the Behavior Manager, that utilizes layered costmaps and vector field histogram motion planning to implement motor schema behaviors. Using our proposed Behavior Manager, multiple behaviors can be created to form a convoy controller assemblage capable of continuing convoy operations while under a jamming attack. To measure the performance of our proposed solution to jammed autonomous convoying, simulated convoy runs are performed on multiple path plans under different types of jamming attacks, using both the assemblage and a basic delayed follower convoy controller. Extensive simulation results demonstrated that our proposed solution, the Behavior Manager, can be leveraged to dramatically improve the robustness of autonomous convoys when faced with jamming attacks and can be further extended due to its modular nature to combat other types of attacks through the development of additional behaviors and assemblages. When comparing the performance of the Behavior Manager convoy to that of the basic convoy controller, improvements were seen across all jammer types and path plans, ranging from 13.33% to 86.61% reductions in path error.
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Hanberry, Brice B. „Westward Expansion by Juniperus virginiana of the Eastern United States and Intersection with Western Juniperus Species in a Novel Assemblage“. Forests 13, Nr. 1 (11.01.2022): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f13010101.
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Eastern redcedar (Juniperus virginiana L.) is increasing in density in the eastern United States and expanding in range to the west, while western Juniperus species also are increasing and expanding, creating the potential for a novel assemblage. I estimated range expansion and intersection by comparing recent USDA Forest Service Forest Inventory and Analysis surveys (mean year = 2009) to the oldest available surveys (mean year = 1981), with adjustments for sampling changes, and predicted climate envelopes during the following year ranges: 1500–1599, 1800–1849, 1850–1899, 1900–1949, and 1960–1989. During approximately 28 years, eastern redcedar range expanded by about 54 million ha (based on ≥0.5% of total stems ≥12.7 cm in diameter in ecological subsections). Combined range of western species of juniper did not expand. Range intersection of eastern redcedar and western Juniperus species totaled 200,000 km2 and increased by 31,600 km2 over time, representing a novel assemblage of eastern and western species. Predicted ranges during the other time intervals were 94% to 98% of predicted area during 1960–1989, suggesting major climate conditions have been suitable for centuries. The southern western Juniperus species and Rocky Mountain juniper (Juniperus scopulorum Sarg.) have the greatest potential for intersection with eastern redcedar, whereas eastern redcedar may have concluded westward expansion.
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Corrigan, Sophie, A. Ross Brown, Charles R. Tyler, Catherine Wilding, Carly Daniels, Ian G. C. Ashton und Dan A. Smale. „Development and Diversity of Epibiont Assemblages on Cultivated Sugar Kelp (Saccharina latissima) in Relation to Farming Schedules and Harvesting Techniques“. Life 13, Nr. 1 (11.01.2023): 209. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life13010209.
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Seaweed farming in Europe is growing and may provide environmental benefits, including habitat provisioning, coastal protection, and bioremediation. Habitat provisioning by seaweed farms remains largely unquantified, with previous research focused primarily on the detrimental effects of epibionts, rather than their roles in ecological functioning and ecosystem service provision. We monitored the development and diversity of epibiont assemblages on cultivated sugar kelp (Saccharina latissima) at a farm in Cornwall, southwest UK, and compared the effects of different harvesting techniques on epibiont assemblage structure. Increases in epibiont abundance (PERMANOVA, F4,25 = 100.56, p < 0.001) and diversity (PERMANOVA, F4,25 = 27.25, p < 0.001) were found on cultivated kelps over and beyond the growing season, reaching an average abundance of >6000 individuals per kelp plant with a taxonomic richness of ~9 phyla per kelp by late summer (August). Assemblages were dominated by crustaceans (mainly amphipods), molluscs (principally bivalves) and bryozoans, which provide important ecological roles, despite reducing crop quality. Partial harvesting techniques maintained, or increased, epibiont abundance and diversity beyond the farming season; however, these kelp plants were significantly fouled and would not be commercially viable in most markets. This paper improves understanding of epibiont assemblage development at European kelp farms, which can inform sustainable, ecosystem-based approaches to aquaculture.
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Heywood, Paul M. „La gestion de l'intégrité et l'esprit de service public au RU : Un assemblage hétéroclite ou une couverture élimée ?“ Revue Internationale des Sciences Administratives 78, Nr. 3 (2012): 507. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/risa.783.0507.
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Woolford, Andrew, und Jasmine Thomas. „Exception and Deputization under Today's NDP: Neo-liberalism, the Third Way, and Crime Control in Manitoba“. Canadian journal of law and society 26, Nr. 1 (April 2011): 113–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/cjls.26.1.113.
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AbstractThis article examines the discourses of crime and safety mobilized by Gary Doer's provincial NDP government in Manitoba between 1999 and 2009. Through a Foucaultian discourse analysis of statements made by Manitoba NDP members in the Legislative Assembly—in particular, the language and preconceptions drawn on by government members when speaking about matters of crime and safety—the authors assess the role of Third Way and neo-liberal rationalities of crime governance in a provincial crime-control assemblage that seeks to foster “security” beyond the limits of federally defined criminal law. Based on this analysis, the authors discuss how the Manitoba NDP is engaged in a process of “deputizing” public service and communities for purposes of crime control.
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Alvarez, C. J. „Police, Waterworks, and the Construction of the U.S.-Mexico Border, 1924–1954“. Western Historical Quarterly 50, Nr. 3 (2019): 233–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/whq/whz046.
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Abstract This article examines four major building projects on the U.S.-Mexico border: the straightening of the Rio Grande around El Paso–Ciudad Juárez, the assemblage of the first large-scale border fence, the fabrication of early Border Patrol watchtowers, and the construction of Falcon Dam. These were the first major efforts to transform the international divide through the built environment. By putting these seemingly dissimilar initiatives into conversation with one another, we can better understand the connections between the Immigration and Naturalization Service and the little-known International Boundary and Water Commission; rethink how the political and social construction of the border was achieved through literal, physical construction; and generate new ways of linking border and environmental history.
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Harvey, Virginia L., Victoria M. Egerton, Andrew T. Chamberlain, Phillip L. Manning, William I. Sellers und Michael Buckley. „Interpreting the historical terrestrial vertebrate biodiversity of Cayman Brac (Greater Antilles, Caribbean) through collagen fingerprinting“. Holocene 29, Nr. 4 (29.01.2019): 531–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0959683618824793.
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Cayman Brac (Cayman Islands) lies within the Caribbean Islands Biodiversity Hotspot, an epicenter of high biodiversity and endemism. However, all endemic terrestrial mammals on the Cayman Islands are now extinct, following post-1500 AD human colonization of the islands. Introduced rodents and domesticated mammals now exclusively represent this facet of terrestrial fauna on the Cayman Islands, and are a likely cause of endemic species loss on the islands. Cayman Brac has numerous caves and rock fissures that offer protection to a naturally accumulated ensemble of vertebrate sub-fossil bone remains, documenting modifications in island biodiversity through the Holocene. In this study, we showcase the first molecular faunal survey undertaken on sub-fossil remains from the Cayman Islands, using collagen fingerprinting for taxonomic identification of the cave skeletal deposits collected from a single cave system, Green Cave on Cayman Brac. Collagen type (I) extracts from 485 bone fragments were analyzed to determine faunal identity and assemblage composition. A total of 76% of the collagen fingerprint-yielding samples were mammalian in origin, 67% of which were identified as invasive murid rodents. Here, we present mass spectral biomarkers for the endemic terrestrial mammal fauna of Cayman Brac, including the extinct capromyid rodents, Capromys and Geocapromys (Rodentia: Capromyidae), alongside commentary on the composition of the sub-fossil bone assemblage between the five distinct depositional chambers that comprise Green Cave. Collagen (I) provides a key service in taxonomic identification and mapping of macroevolutionary trends, and these results suggest a pivotal role for murid rodents in the competition and extinction of terrestrial endemic mammals from the Cayman Islands.
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Eick, Volker. „Lack of Legacy? Shadows of Surveillance after the 2006 FIFA World Cup in Germany“. Urban Studies 48, Nr. 15 (24.10.2011): 3329–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0042098011422389.
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The FIFA World Cup 2006 in Germany saw the largest display of domestic security since 1945. More than 250 000 police officers from the state and federal police, 7000 military guards, 20 000 private security contractors and an unknown number of intelligence service officers operated in the 12 host cities during the four-week event. In addition, more than 20 000 volunteers took part in security and safety measures, constituting what have become known as ‘pop-up armies’. Surveillance technologies were deployed, including but not limited to airborne warning and control system planes (AWACS), a variety of security robots, video surveillance cameras and radio frequency identification chips (RFID). Data banks stored more than 250 000 personal data files of FIFA employees and another 10 million of those persons applying for tickets. The paper first describes how, since the early 20th century, FIFA has been embracing neo-liberalism as a ‘neo-communitarian entrepreneur’. Secondly, it analyses how FIFA enabled itself to set the preconditions for candidate and host cities to carry out the event. Thirdly, it develops the concept of ‘legacy’ in order to allow for an understanding of the World Cup’s positive and negative impacts for all stakeholders involved. Fourthly, it examines the 2006 World Cup in Germany as a sports-related ‘security assemblage’, deciphering why parts of the assemblage were dismantled whereas others remained after the World Cup was over. Finally, it draws some conclusions about the role of FIFA as an incubator for a ‘sustained securitisation’ of host and post-host cities.
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Mante, David M., Hassan H. Abbas, George E. Ramey und Robert W. Barnes. „Full-Scale Implementation and Testing of Full-Depth Precast Bridge Deck Panels“. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2522, Nr. 1 (Januar 2015): 3–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2522-01.
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A bridge deck panel system using nonprestressed full-depth precast concrete bridge deck panels with continuous shear pockets was investigated. First, the research team performed conceptual improvement, design, detailing, and fabrication studies on a specific deck replacement system (System CD-2) previously proposed by NCHRP Project 12-65 researchers. Key improvements to the CD-2 deck panel system included modifications to the transverse joint coupler for ease of construction and the addition of a longitudinal staged-construction joint to expedite bridge deck replacement projects. Next, an experimental program was carried out to construct and perform service-level load testing on a full-size precast deck panel assemblage that incorporated the refinements. On the basis of static and cyclic loading test results, it was found that the modified CD-2 deck panel system as a whole performed satisfactorily with regard to AASHTO serviceability requirements.
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Suopajärvi, Tiina. „Knowledge-making on ‘ageing in a smart city’ as socio-material power dynamics of participatory action research“. Action Research 15, Nr. 4 (23.06.2016): 386–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1476750316655385.
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This article investigates participatory action research workshops from the perspective of feminist new materialism by asking, how we came to know ageing in the smart city of Oulu in northern Finland through collaborative workshops which aimed to include seniors into public service design. The most meaningful socio-material components in this knowledge-making are argued to be the shifts in social power relations, particular spatial and material practices, and the participant assemblage. These components intra-act transferring our understanding on ageing: ageing becomes a creative state where the seniors are included in the problem-solving instead of being citizens to be looked after, and thus being merely a socio-economic problem. The power dynamics are essential in participatory action research, therefore, the accountability of all agents should be carefully analysed to understand the impacts of epistemology both in design and social change.
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A, Pasumponpandian, und Smys S. „DDOS ATTACK DETECTION IN TELECOMMUNICATION NETWORK USING MACHINE LEARNING“. Journal of Ubiquitous Computing and Communication Technologies 01, Nr. 01 (21.09.2019): 33–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.36548/jucct.2019.1.004.
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The telecommunication network that is the assemblage of the terminal nodes enables the whole to be connected. The swift progress in the telecommunication networks and the information technology has enabled a seamless connection and the capacity to store and communicate vast scale of information in the form of text and voice that are sensitive. This makes the telecommunication networks prey to multiple cyber-threats of which the DDOS (distributed denial of service) are the more predominant type of the cyber-threat causing the denial of the services to the users. So the paper utilizing the combination of the neural network and the support vector machine presents the detection and the classification method for the DDOS attacks in the telecommunication network. The performance evaluation using the network simulator-2 enables to have the enhanced detection accuracy for the proposed method.
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Wideman, Trevor J., und Jeffrey R. Masuda. „Toponymic assemblages, resistance, and the politics of planning in Vancouver, Canada“. Environment and Planning C: Politics and Space 36, Nr. 3 (10.01.2018): 383–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2399654417750624.
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The marginalized and impoverished Downtown Eastside neighbourhood of Vancouver, Canada has long been subjected to planning programs that have aimed to solve area problems through strategic government intervention. The 2011–2014 Local Area Planning Process, led by the City of Vancouver in consultation with local actors, represents the most recent of such programs. Despite the Local Area Planning Process’s stated goal of inclusive participation, the resultant Downtown Eastside plan transformed the political landscape of the neighbourhood and met with derision from stakeholders for its potential to generate dramatic capital-led transformations. In this paper, we critique participatory planning through a case study of the Local Area Planning Process. We utilize a lens of critical toponymy (the investigation of the historical and political implications of place naming) as a methodological tool to examine planning technologies of power and their mobilization through governmental processes. We deploy a novel approach to toponymy, drawing on assemblage theory, that presents toponymy as a radically open and dynamic process mobilized relationally through a multiplicity of discourses and materialities. Our case study demonstrates that processes of toponymic assemblage within the Downtown Eastside Local Area Planning Process worked to (1) generate new territorial conflicts, (2) depoliticize community activism, and (3) co-opt racialized and class-based histories of displacement and dispossession to stimulate “revitalization” (“Japantown”). On the other hand, we found that in unanticipated ways, these processes worked to stimulate anti-gentrification activism, alliances, and resistance. Our analysis of planning highlights how toponymic agency can service oppressive and marginalizing place-framings, but it can also have liberating effects – by inspiring unlikely alliances and counter-framings.
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Araújo, Shadia Husseini de. „Desired Muslims: Neoliberalism, halal food production and the assemblage of Muslim expertise, service providers and labour in New Zealand and Brazil“. Ethnicities 21, Nr. 3 (24.02.2021): 411–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1468796821998369.
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Critical scholarship has shown that neoliberalism has reinforced Islamophobia, anti-Muslim racism and projections of Muslims as undesirable in many contexts, particularly in ‘the West’. Little is said about other impacts neoliberal ideology has had on the ways Muslim (immigrant) communities are viewed and (dis)integrated into Muslim-minority contexts. Against this backdrop, this paper argues that Muslims can also be desired and systematically mobilized in predominantly non-Muslim countries where neoliberalized economies capitalize on their identities. The argument is illustrated through case studies in contexts of halal food production and trade in New Zealand and Brazil. Drawing on conceptualizations of neoliberal utility/necessity perspectives on immigrants as well as on assemblage thinking, this paper shows, first, that neoliberal restructuring has played a major role in the development of trade relations with the Islamic world and thus in the emergence of demands for Muslim expertise, service providers and workers in both countries. It demonstrates, second, how Muslim identities have been systematically assembled to meet these demands, and third, that the assemblages are at the same time limited by largely (though not exclusively) neoliberal logics. Finally, the paper shows that many of the assembling practices and logics are similar in both contexts and likely to be found elsewhere. Their effects, however, diverge due to different local conditions. The findings imply that relations between neoliberal ideology and the ways Muslims are viewed and (dis)integrated in Muslim-minority contexts are complex and unfold differently across space, and that this complexity deserves greater academic scrutiny.
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Duong, Hang. „How do policy transfer mechanisms influence policy outcomes in the context of authoritarianism in Vietnam?“ Policy & Politics 50, Nr. 2 (01.04.2022): 199–223. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/030557321x16347665146401.
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The literature on policy transfer shows that it may result in simultaneous policy convergence and policy divergence. However, little is known about how such results happen when transferring from multiple and possibly contrasting sources. This study finds that civil service reforms in Vietnam’s merit-based policies are influenced by both western and Asian models of meritocracy. This makes them both closer to universal ‘best practices’ and at the same time sharpens the distinctiveness of Vietnam’s policy. The calculations of political actors in combination with the context of a one-party authoritarian state have led to policy transfer through mechanisms of translation and assemblage which brings about a hybrid of convergence and divergence. This study enhances understanding of policy transfer in the context of Asian authoritarianism. In finding hybridity in transfer outcomes in this national context, the article shows the uniqueness of resultant policy change and develops an analytical framework for the influence of policy transfer on policy outcomes.
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Lundgaard, Jenny Maria. „Reassembling operative policing: The introduction of drones in the Norwegian police“. International Journal of Police Science & Management 25, Nr. 3 (September 2023): 313–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/14613557231184693.
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Drones are increasingly being used in various areas of society, including in the police. The drone and its sensors make it possible to collect live images of people, places and situations that are otherwise unavailable or hard to reach. Adding to the already complex assemblage of operative policing, what happens to policing when drones are introduced? Drones provide new forms of information to the police, connecting areas that were previously disconnected, and disconnecting what was previously connected. Recently, a small one-year trial with drones was carried out by the Norwegian Police Service, resulting in drones becoming a permanent fixture in the force. Data for this article were collected through approximately 380 h of ethnographic fieldwork during the trial period. This article explores how drones establish new assemblages within police practices and thus work as reassemblers of operative policing. The technology forms new entities and connections on multiple levels within policing, thus also constructing new dilemmas, as the drone can act both as a problem-solver and a troublemaker.
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Morina, Naser. „REINFORCEMENT OF THE BRIDGE RABOVCE“. Knowledge International Journal 31, Nr. 3 (05.06.2019): 805–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.35120/kij3103805m.
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The overall objectives of the project is to identify and describe the repair and strengthening bridges on the N2 Road, on Rabovce on the road Pristina – Blace section, in order to meet the required level of safety and service for international heavy road traffic. This in accordance with the design criteria of Euro code.Optimal repair and strengthening methods are sought considering the entire assemblage of bridges. Alternative methods may be described for the individual bridge, if relevant. If possible, the total amount of repair and strengthening works will be described as a set of additive works in such a way that the parts of works to be carried out in the near future can be selected. These works should then be selected dependent on a prioritisation of aspects related to load capacity, traffic safety and durability.The repair and strengthening works are defined from comparison of the actual condition of the bridges with the requirements as laid down in Euro codes. The condition of the bridge is evaluated by considering the condition of the structural elements combined with an estimation of the load bearing capacity of the bridge.
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Jordaan, Adrian, Michael G. Frisk, Lewis S. Incze, Nicholas H. Wolff, Lindsay Hamlin und Yong Chen. „Multivariate dissemination of species relationships for use in marine spatial planning“. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 70, Nr. 2 (Februar 2013): 316–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2011-0516.
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Employing ecological approaches to fisheries management or comprehensive marine spatial planning requires that species assemblage structure be accounted for. Fish and invertebrate spatial distributions from the National Marine Fisheries Service demersal trawl survey conducted in the Georges Bank – Gulf of Maine region were analyzed by bootstrapped principal component analysis (PCABtsp) and normal PCA (PCANrml). PCABtsp produced confidence limits for eigenvalue stopping rules and for eigenvectors to identify significantly correlated species. Stopping rules identified the first six principal components (PCs) as relevant. Initially, summer and fall survey data from 1963 to 2006 were analyzed, but high eigenvector variation led to reductions in the species and time series used. Confidence interval variation was achieved through removal of highly migratory species and restriction of the time series. PC scores were mapped using inverse distance weighted interpolation to reveal multispecies spatial arrangements. Core areas of species groupings and overlapping zones of higher diversity can be delineated and, even under high fishing pressure with large compositional changes, the assemblages maintained robust spatial organization. This spatial organization could be employed to protect appropriate species groups and minimize bycatch. Careful analysis of survey data can help ensure area-based management schemes are consistent with ecological scales.
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Desroy, Nicolas, und Christian Retière. „Long-term changes in muddy fine sand community of the Rance Basin: role of recruitment“. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 81, Nr. 4 (August 2001): 553–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315401004234.
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Dynamics of the Abra alba muddy fine sand community of the Rance Basin (western English Channel), initially sampled in one station by Retière at the beginning of the 1970s after the tidal power station built at the mouth of the estuary went into service, was reassessed from 1995 to 1997. Results showed a more ‘mature’ community in 1995–1997 with an increase in the number of species. After a short period, in spring 1995, during which the structure of the community was comparable to those described in 1972–1973, the assemblage was characterized by a great interannual structural stability. Densities of dominant species seem to fluctuate around a mean value comparable to the carrying capacity of the biota for these species. The recruitment of the dominant species with a long life span appears low compared to the densities of adults but seems sufficient to assure the replacement of individuals. Our results suggest that the pattern of massive recruitment followed by high mortality rates could not be the general rule and that a pattern of moderate recruitment followed by low post-settlement mortality of recruits should be more frequent.
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Zhang, Ben Zefeng, Oliver L. Haimson und Michaelanne Thomas. „The Chinese Diaspora and The Attempted WeChat Ban: Platform Precarity, Anticipated Impacts, and Infrastructural Migration“. Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction 6, CSCW2 (07.11.2022): 1–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3555122.
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In August 2020, the U.S. President issued an executive order to ban the Chinese-based social platform WeChat, alleging that WeChat posed a national security risk. WeChat is a vital application for Chinese diasporic communities in the United States. The ban's status was uncertain for several months before it was temporarily halted and later revoked in 2021. Through interviews with 15 WeChat users and online participant observation, this study examines the anticipated impacts of the potential WeChat ban and participants' reactions. We find that participants described negative consequences of the potential ban, including adverse network and economic effects and disruption of community-building efforts. We also find that many participants considered WeChat to be critical infrastructure in the United States, as it has become an indispensable part of their daily lives. To frame participants' experiences, we introduce the concept of infrastructural migration-the process of users relocating to another digital media service that embodies the properties and functions of infrastructure or moving to an assemblage of different applications that meet their infrastructural needs separately. We then discuss implications for designing for infrastructural migration and future considerations for HCI research with diasporic communities.
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Stocker, Mark. „Virgin in a Condom and Te Papa: 25 Years On“. Museum Worlds 11, Nr. 1 (01.07.2023): 166–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/armw.2023.110114.
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One of Aotearoa New Zealand's greatest art controversies was caused by a disproportionately tiny 105-millimeter-high assemblage by Tania Kovats, Virgin in a Condom (1992) (see Figure 1). It featured in the British Council touring exhibition Pictura Britannica: Art from Britain, held at the Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa (Te Papa), Wellington, from 1 March to 26 April 1998, opening just fifteen days after the museum itself. Thirty-three thousand people signed a Catholic Communications Office petition demanding the Virgin's removal. Thousands of phone calls, many abusive, bombarded Te Papa's Enquiry Centre. The display case was vandalized twice and a nearby visitor host assaulted. The controversy was repeatedly televised, culminating in a TV3 debate. Column meters of press coverage included a Sunday Star-Times (Auckland) article and 250 letters in Wellington newspapers alone. The BBC World Service Focus on Faith made the controversy its lead item (Stocker 2021: 81–82). Hence, critic Justin Paton warned in his New Zealand Listener article: “Yes, this is another article devoted to a certain religious statue sheathed in a certain birth-control device, but do not change the channel yet” (Paton 1998: 42).
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Shahoumian, Armineh, Gale Parchoma und Jacky Hanson. „Symposium 2: Blended Simulation Based Medical Education“. Proceedings of the International Conference on Networked Learning 9 (07.04.2014): 427–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.54337/nlc.v9.9038.
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Simulation based medical education (SBME) is gradually becoming an inseparable part of medical and Professionals Allied to Medicine (PAM) education. The demand to use this training approach in healthcare is increasing every year to meet the Department of Health’s Standards for Better Health (NESC, 2008). As an alternative training approach SBME provides medical students and practitioners with near real-life opportunities to practice and improve clinical and non-clinical skills and improve health care services as a result. Although SBME is already a very popular training approach, Kneebone (2005) argues it is “often accepted uncritically, with undue emphasis being placed on technological sophistication at the expense of theory-based design” (p.549). SBME is “a complex service intervention” (McGaghie, 2009, p.50), which includes much more than a series of advanced technologies utilised for simulating an event. SBME is actualised by a network of closely knit human, non-human, and “conceptual and symbolic” (Bleakley, 2012, p.464) actors that work in an interrelated manner “as a basis to promoting learning and innovation” (Bleakley, p.464). It is not just the sophistication of the technology that supports learning but the dialogic relation of all the actors involved in creating the opportunities for learning. What is required to develop a ‘healthy’ and ‘growing’ network that promotes learning and innovation (Bleakley, 2012) or hinder effective learning hasn’t widely been investigated. Bleakley argues that actor network theory (ANT) “serves to repair the historical separation of theory and practice” (p. 465). To understand SBME as a complex process involving technology, people, objects, artefacts, actions, and places, ANT may introduce new insight, “an interruption or intervention, a way to sense and draw nearer” (Fenwick & Edwards 2010: ix) to the phenomenon of SBME. This paper expands the understanding of how actors interact with each other within a network and the practices that support/hinder blended learning in the Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust (LTHTR) Simulation Centre (SC). Outcomes provide insight into the design of a simulation session, describe the assemblage of a blended learning in SBME (B-SBME) actor network, and illustrate an example of the network effects of mediators’ and intermediaries’ capacities to form alliances between a B-SBME networked assemblage and broader Trust networks.
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Cook, Martin, John A. Lawson und Dawn McLaren. „Excavations and interventions in and around Cramond Roman Fort and annexe, 1976 to 1990“. Scottish Archaeological Internet Reports, Nr. 74 (2017): 1–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.9750/issn.2056-7421.2017.74.1-71.
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Cramond Roman Fort (NGR: NT 19032 76903) has been the focus of archaeological interest since the publication of John Wood’s history of the parish in the late 18th century, with a floruit of activity in the latter half of the 20th century. Playing an important part in this volume of work have been the excavations led by the late Mr Charlie Hoy (died 1991), an Edinburgh amateur archaeologist working principally with the Edinburgh Archaeological Field Society and latterly on his own. His excavations have recovered a wide range of evidence from the Mesolithic through the Roman and medieval periods up to the post-medieval development of Cramond House Estate. Hoy’s investigations have been hugely important to our understanding of the Roman fort’s associated annexe/extramural settlement, in particular providing new evidence for its origins in the Antonine period, and for Severan occupation, as well as uncovering a multi-phased road and associated wooden structures. In addition, the artefact assemblage further adds to the corpus from the site and includes an internationally significant sword pendant belonging to a beneficiarius (beneficiarii were troops on special service for the provincial governor) that demonstrates the presence of German troops at the fort, and perhaps hints at the presence of the emperor himself.
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Moyà-Köhler, Joan, und Miquel Domènech. „Challenging “The Hands of Technology”: An Analysis of Independent Living for People with Intellectual Disabilities“. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, Nr. 3 (02.02.2022): 1701. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19031701.
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Technology has been holding out the promise of facilitating greater autonomy and improving care for people in a situation of dependency. This trend is expected to grow and this is happening precisely at a time of expansion of the so-called Independent Living paradigm. In this context, however, disability activists are generally suspicious of approaches based on being “left” in the hands of technology. They instead advocate for “subordinating hands” to their ability to decide, a principle that stands in tension with the field of intellectual disability, where individuals are perceived as intrinsically unable to make “good decisions”. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to provide insight into the uses and developments of technologies with regard to care and autonomy for people with intellectual disabilities. By ethnographically examining the case of a specific technology; QR (quick response) codes in the context of an independent living service, and in the framework of Science and Technology Studies and Disability Studies, the paper reveals the role and possibilities of care and autonomy technologies for people with intellectual disabilities. Based on these findings, and by thinking from what we could define as “within a sociotechnical assemblage”, this paper aims to rethink the ways in which technologies for independent living can be used in the field.
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McWethy, David B., René D. Garreaud, Andrés Holz und Gregory T. Pederson. „Broad-Scale Surface and Atmospheric Conditions during Large Fires in South-Central Chile“. Fire 4, Nr. 2 (15.05.2021): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fire4020028.
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The unprecedented size of the 2017 wildfires that burned nearly 600,000 hectares of central Chile highlight a need to better understand the climatic conditions under which large fires develop. Here we evaluate synoptic atmospheric conditions at the surface and free troposphere associated with anomalously high (active) versus low (inactive) months of area burned in south-central Chile (ca. 32–41° S) from the Chilean Forest Service (CONAF) record of area burned from 1984–2018. Active fire months are correlated with warm surface temperatures, dry conditions, and the presence of a circumpolar assemblage of high-pressure systems located ca. 40°–60° S. Additionally, warm surface temperatures associated with active fire months are linked to reduced strength of cool, onshore westerly winds and an increase in warm, downslope Andean Cordillera easterly winds. Episodic warm downslope winds and easterly wind anomalies superimposed on long-term warming and drying trends will continue to create conditions that promote large fires in south-central Chile. Identifying the mechanisms responsible for easterly wind anomalies and determining whether this trend is strengthening due to synoptic-scale climatic changes such as the poleward shift in Southern Hemisphere westerly winds will be critical for anticipating future large fire activity in south-central Chile.
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Syslo, John M., Christopher S. Guy, Patricia E. Bigelow, Philip D. Doepke, Brian D. Ertel und Todd M. Koel. „Response of non-native lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) to 15 years of harvest in Yellowstone Lake, Yellowstone National Park“. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 68, Nr. 12 (Dezember 2011): 2132–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f2011-122.
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Introduced lake trout ( Salvelinus namaycush ) threaten to extirpate native Yellowstone cutthroat trout ( Oncorhynchus clarkii bouvieri ) in the 34 000 ha Yellowstone Lake in Yellowstone National Park, USA. Suppression (and eventual eradication) of the lake trout population is deemed necessary for the conservation of Yellowstone cutthroat trout. A US National Park Service gill-netting program removed nearly 450 000 lake trout from Yellowstone Lake from 1995 through 2009. We examined temporal variation in individual growth, body condition, length and age at maturity, fecundity, mortality, and population models to assess the efficacy of the lake trout suppression program. Population metrics did not indicate overharvest despite more than a decade of fish removal. The current rate of population growth is positive; however, it is lower than it would be in the absence of lake trout suppression. Fishing effort needs to increase above observed levels to reduce population growth rate below replacement. Additionally, high sensitivity of population growth rate to reproductive vital rates indicates that increasing fishing mortality for sexually mature lake trout may increase the effectiveness of suppression. Lake trout suppression in Yellowstone Lake illustrates the complexities of trying to remove an apex predator to restore a relatively large remote lentic ecosystem with a simple fish assemblage.
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Preeti Singh Bahadur and Manjari Jain, Shalini Jaiswal. „Energy Generation through Integrated Sustainable Waste Management- Case Study NAXOS 2018“. International Journal for Modern Trends in Science and Technology 06, Nr. 09 (25.11.2020): 125–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.46501/ijmtst060919.
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The integrated waste management method used to examine solid waste problems in different developing countries along with their solution. Integrated sustainable waste management includes examination of physical elements like assemblage, dumping, and reprocessing as well as government role like involvement of consumers and facility suppliers; financial stability; rational institutions supported by coherent guidelines. The data shows that the performance has enhanced considerably over past 10 years in different developing countries. The mean collection and disposal rate of disposal in the middle 95% are even more common than in the low-income cities, even before 50%. Recycling rates of 20–30% have been achieved by the informal sector in many low-income countries. The evidence suggests that efficient, effective, and inexpensive systems are compatible with local requirements and conditions, developed with the direct involvement of service recipients. Despite the remaining challenges, evidence from recent reforms suggests that sustainable solid waste and resource management are possible for developing countries. The articles distributed right now a wide scope of themes, including vitality recuperation from squander, waste to vitality advances, maintainable vitality frameworks, anaerobic absorption, warm circular segment plasma gasification, microalgal-based biorefinery, squander the board, displaying of cutting edge gasification frameworks, squander valorisation, and microbial power module innovation.
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Szarecki, Artur. „From Albums to Musicking Assemblages: Virtual Structures and Topological Unfoldings in Toyomu’s “Imagining” of Kanye West’s The Life of Pablo“. Przegląd Kulturoznawczy, Nr. 1 (55) (30.03.2023): 53–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/20843860pk.23.004.17847.
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In 2016, Kanye West released his highly anticipated eight album, The Life of Pablo, on a streaming platform Deezer, where it remained exclusively available for over a month. This prevented audiences from several countries, where the service has not yet launched, from accessing it. As a result, Japanese electronic music producer, Toyomu, created his own version of the album, without hearing the original. Browsing the internet, he tracked every sample and every lyric that West used, and assembled them into an original work, comprising an “imagining” of how The Life of Pablo could have sounded. His endeavor, while ingrained in the cultural logic of remix, goes beyond it, comprising a unique musical entity that eludes easy categorization. Therefore, the paper employs Manuel DeLanda’s assemblage theory to account for its specificity. This entails a shift from a relational and processual understanding of the musical album, already implied in West’s work, to mapping the topological structure of possibilities, defined by invariants and attractors, that hints at real but not actual vectors of its becoming. As such, Toyomu’s undertaking provides an opportunity to further rethink the concept of the musical album in a time when it was already decentered by the transition from material objects to digital data.
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Machner, Alisa. „Interaction of layered double hydroxide phases with chloride ions“. ce/papers 6, Nr. 6 (Dezember 2023): 1254–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cepa.2992.
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AbstractFor the sustainable transition of the construction sector, the durability of cementitious materials needs to be guaranteed. This requires a fundamental understanding of the deterioration mechanisms for example how the ingress of potentially detrimental ions affects the composition of the pore solution as well as the phase assemblage. This contribution links results from several research projects investigating the changes in layered double hydroxides (LDH) composition upon exposure to chlorides. The Cl/Al ratio in chloride‐containing AFm phases depends on the chloride concentration as well as on the pH of the liquid phase. In addition, the amount of AFm phases is affected by the pH. Another member of the LDH group, hydrotalcite (Ht), can also incorporate chloride ions into the interlayer and exhibit a similar chloride‐binding capacity as stoichiometric Friedel's salt. However, the chloride‐binding capacity of Ht also depends on the composition of the pore solution. These findings aid the fundamental understanding of chloride‐binding mechanisms of cementitious materials. This is especially important, as the pH and calcium availability in the pore solution of hydrated cement may be altered during its service life. Moreover, the results may help to accurately predict the durability performance of samples in the laboratory.
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Mkenda, Prisila A., Patrick A. Ndakidemi, Philip C. Stevenson, Sarah E. J. Arnold, Steven R. Belmain, Maneno Chidege und Geoff M. Gurr. „Field Margin Vegetation in Tropical African Bean Systems Harbours Diverse Natural Enemies for Biological Pest Control in Adjacent Crops“. Sustainability 11, Nr. 22 (14.11.2019): 6399. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11226399.
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Non-crop vegetation around farmland can be valuable habitats for enhancing ecosystem services but little is known of the importance of field margins in supporting natural enemies of insect pests in tropical agriculture. This study was conducted in smallholder bean fields in three elevation zones to assess the importance of field margin vegetation to natural enemy populations and movement to the bean crop for biological pest control. The pests and natural enemies were assessed using different coloured water pan traps (to ensure the capture of insects with different colour preferences) and the interactions of the two arthropod groups with the margin vegetation and their movement to the bean crop were monitored using fluorescent dye. Sentinel plants were used to assess predation and parasitism levels. A total of 5003 natural enemies were captured, more in the field margin than within the bean field for low and mid elevation zones, while in the high elevation zone, they were more abundant within the bean field. Pests were more abundant in the crop than margins for all the elevation zones. The use of a dye applied to margin vegetation demonstrated that common natural enemy taxa moved to the crop during the days after dye application. The proportion of dye-marked natural enemies (showing their origin to be margin vegetation) sampled from the crop suggest high levels of spatial flux in the arthropod assemblage. Aphid mortality rates (measured by prey removal and parasitism levels on sentinel plants) did not differ between the field edges and field centre in any of the three elevation zones, suggesting that for this pest taxon, the centre of the fields still receive comparable pest control service as in the field edges. This study found that field margins around smallholder bean fields are useful habitats to large numbers of natural enemy taxa that move to adjacent crops providing biological pest control service.
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Butez, C. „Organisation des soins en psychiatrie périnatale sur Lille et sa région“. European Psychiatry 30, S2 (November 2015): S72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2015.09.338.
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Le service de psychiatrie périnatale du CHR de Lille, dirigé par le Pr Renaud Jardri, pédopsychiatre, dispose d’un éventail de soins complémentaires dont certains présentent une grande spécificité. Ce service rassemble les professionnels des champs de la psychiatrie de l’adulte, de la psychiatrie infanto-juvénile et de l’addictologie. Le Dr Butez parlera des différents outils lillois, dont l’organisation évoque à la fois une mosaïque et un assemblage de poupées gigognes autour du bébé et sa famille et précisera le travail des professionnels issus du champ de la pédopsychiatrie. Dans ce moment de crise psychique constitué par l’arrivée d’un bébé dans une famille, les professionnels de la périnatalité s’attachent à soutenir les processus de mise en place des premiers liens entre parents et enfant et l’émergence de la vie psychique du bébé. Parmi les outils, l’approche spécifique des troubles développementaux de la première année de vie du bébé sera précisée. L’équipe créée en 2004, par le Dr Véronique Lemaître à la demande du Pr Delion, a grandi grâce au terreau fertile des pensées de Winnicott, Brazelton, Lebovici, Bick, Bullinger, qui constituent un socle commun propice aux observations partagées autour du bébé et sa famille et au plaisir de travailler ensemble. L’observation et les soins au domicile ou en unité Mère–Enfant sont centrés sur le corps du bébé en visant à rétablir une harmonie tonique, pensée comme précurseur de la relation. Cette harmonie tonique permet à l’enfant de devenir un partenaire actif de la relation. La mise en forme précoce du corps du bébé (notamment au premier trimestre de vie) « constitue une porte d’entrée irremplaçable pour soigner précocement la souffrance narcissique de la mère, du bébé et de la famille » (V. Lemaitre, 2009).
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Perrotta, Carlo. „The digitisation of knowledge produces hybrids“. Proceedings of the International Conference on Networked Learning 9 (07.04.2014): 212–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.54337/nlc.v9.8989.
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This paper offers a conceptual analysis of Massive Online Open Courses (MOOCs) that draws on Actor Network Theory (ANT). MOOCs are viewed as part of a hybrid collection of events, technologies, networks and interests: an "assemblage" where discourse, materiality and sociality are bound up in each other. The ANT-derived notion of ontological politics is used as a broad framework to discuss the negotiations and performances that confer reality to the MOOC assemblage. In particular, the paper focuses on those features of the MOOC phenomenon that relate to, and stem from, the sociotechnical apparatus of digitisation technology. Digitisation is viewed as a "black box" that seemingly operates as a unity, but in fact is a multifaceted, messy, networked phenomenon in its own right that encompasses a wide range of actors, relationships and practices. Exploring the internal workings of such black box uncovers interesting ramifications and taken-for-granted assumptions that can shed light on the MOOC phenomenon. In particular, the paper argues that digitisation technology is associated with the emergence of a hybrid actant: the DVR (Digital Video Recorder) Teacher. A parallel is drawn between the "interactive affordances" of digital instruction and the playback and cataloguing options that have contributed to massive shifts in TV viewing habits: pause, rewind, fast-forward, download, indexing, collecting, organising, uncommitted viewing. The paper's chief contention is as follows: the properties of digitisation technology, and the related economic dealings, have contributed to the assimilation of academic instruction into the ontological space of digital TV watching, with its HCI (Human-Computer Interaction) apparatus. Discussing the nature of MOOC attendance, the paper suggests that Digitisation technology (software platforms and algorithms) contributes to the creation of an "entity" (the DVR Teacher) that encapsulates "interactive high quality academic content in a high-production quality presentation". The DVR teacher is further described as an artefact in the service of a neoliberal project of commoditised, pick-and-mix self-improvement, which recruits digitisation to meet a growing demand for "upgrades to the self". Discussing patterns of MOOC attendance, the paper argues that a new breed of "academic content watcher" may be on the rise - one for whom the existential rewards of browsing and tinkering with MOOCs overshadow whatever use value the original, "certifiable" content knowledge may have possessed. In this respect, the real “innovation” of MOOCs lies solely in the offer of (relatively) novel opportunities to enlist the consumption of knowledge for the production of subjectivities.
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Aubyn, Festus. „Variations in Police Performance in United Nations Peacekeeping Operations and Domestic Policing in Ghana“. Contemporary Journal of African Studies 9, Nr. 1 (31.05.2022): 14–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/contjas.v9i1.2.
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The Ghana Police Service is constantly criticised by the Ghanaian public for poor performance and an inability to deal effectively with rising crime rates. Media reports and scholarly research have corroborated these criticisms, citing instances of police brutality, corruption, negligence, ineffectiveness and complicity in crimes. However, with few exceptions, the same police are widely applauded in United Nations peacekeeping operations for their professionalism, outstanding performance, and contributions to restoring peace and the rule of law. This raises the question of why the police’s performance at home differs from its performance in peacekeeping contexts. This article analyses the factors that underpin the perceived variations in police performance at home and internationally. Based on in-depth interviews conducted with relevant stakeholders and the application of assemblage theory to the empirical evidence gathered, it argues that perceived variations in performance have nothing to do with the technical competencies and knowledge of police personnel. Rather, this discrepancy can be explained by factors including: the effects of the colonial legacy on the police; different mandates/tasks in mission and in Ghana; distinct socio-cultural and political dynamics that influence policing; different legal frameworks and principles that govern domestic and international policing; limited availability of human and logistical resources and funding for domestic policing; and different methods for dealing with indiscipline and corruption.