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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Series:Death march"
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Terefe, Abiyot Negash, und Samuel Getachew Zewudie. „Trend Analysis and Predictions of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Ethiopia“. Journal of Research in Health Sciences 21, Nr. 3 (12.08.2021): e00523-e00523. http://dx.doi.org/10.34172/jrhs.2021.59.
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Background: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is affecting both lives of millions of people and the global economy of the world day by day. This study aimed to determine the trend of COVID-19 and its predictions in Ethiopia. Study Design: This study was conducted based on a time series design. Methods: The required data were collected from the Ethiopian COVID-19 monitoring platform beginning from the onset of the disease in the country until March 28, 2021. Furthermore, the auto-regressive integrated moving average models were used on daily-based time series. The Poisson and Negative Binomial regression were also employed to notice the effects of months on the transmission and disease-related human deaths. Results: The mean daily infection and death of COVID-19 in Ethiopia were 533.47±466.62 and 7.45±6.72, respectively. The peaks of infection and deaths in this country were in March, 2021, and August, 2020. In addition, the trend of daily new deaths (P=0.000) and infection (P=0.000) was significantly increasing. It is expected that around 10 million (8.6%) and 138,084.64 (0.12%) Ethiopians will be infected and die, respectively. Conclusions: The disease transmission and deaths vary from day to day and month to month. The highest peaks of COVID-19 infection and death were in March 2021 and August 2020. For the next end of August 2021, the COVID-19 daily new infection, new death, total case, and total death are expected to be increased. If this epidemic disease is not controlled, Ethiopia will face a severe shortage of hospitals, and the outbreak even becomes worse.
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Zarghami, Mehran, Omid Kharazmi, Abbas Alipour, Masoudeh Babakhanian, Ardeshr Khosravi und Seyyed Davood Mirtorabi. „Time Series Modeling and Forecasting of Drug-Related Deaths in Iran (2014-2016)“. Addiction and Health 15, Nr. 3 (29.07.2023): 149–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.34172/ahj.2023.1277.
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Background: Investigating the temporal variations and forecasting the trends in drug-related deaths can help prevent health problems and develop intervention programs. The recent policy in Iran is strongly focused on deterring drug use and replacing illicit drugs with legal ones. This study aimed to investigate drug-related deaths in Iran in 2014-2016 and forecast the death toll by 2019. Methods: In this longitudinal study, Box-Jenkins time series analysis was used to forecast drug-related deaths. To this end, monthly counts of drug-related deaths were obtained from March 2014 to March 2017. After data processing, to obtain stationary time series and examine the stability assumption with the Dickey-Fuller test, the parameters of the Autoregressive Integrated Moving Averages (ARIMA) model were determined using autocorrelation function (ACF) and partial autocorrelation function (PACF) graphs. Based on Akaike statistics, ARIMA (0, 1, 1) was selected as the best-fit model. Moreover, the Dickey-Fuller test was used to confirm the stationarity of the time series of transformed observations. The forecasts were made for the next 36 months using the ARIMA (0,1,2) model and the same confidence intervals were applied to all months. The final extracted data were analyzed using R software, Minitab, and SPSS-23. Findings: According to the Iranian Ministry of Health and the Legal Medicine Organization, there were 8883 drug-related deaths in Iran from March 2014 to March 2017. According to the time series findings, this count had an upward trend and did not show any seasonal pattern. It was forecasted that the mean drug-related mortality rate in Iran would be 245.8 cases per month until 2019. Conclusion: This study showed a rising trend in drug-related mortality rates during the study period, and the modeling process for forecasting suggested this trend would continue until 2019 if proper interventions were not instituted.
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Wan Ahmad, Wan Muhammad Amir bin, Noor Azlinaliana Ibrahim, Mohamad Arif Awang Nawi, Nor Farid Mohd Noor, Noraini Mohamad, Nor Azlida Aleng, Farah Muna Mohamad Ghazali und Nasar Um Min Allah. „Malaysian and Italian trend line for Covid-19: A study on trend analysis“. Bulletin of Applied Mathematics and Mathematics Education 1, Nr. 2 (10.12.2021): 61–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.12928/bamme.v1i2.3954.
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The first objective of this study was to evaluate trend line pattern, obtain the appropriate statistical equation model, and predict individual numbers infected by Covid-19. The second objective is to obtain a predictive equation model and forecast death rate for Malaysia and Italy. Malaysia's first positive case Covid-19 recorded January 24, 2020, consisting of three cases. Collected from January 24 to March 29, 2020. Sixty-six day-observations, based on their trend line pattern, earned special attention. Although the first positive case was identified on January 31, 2020, involving two patients. From January 31 to March 29, 2020, approximately 59 observations were collected from Italy. On 18 March 2020, the pattern will contrast with the Malaysian Movement Control Order (MCO). Malaysia and Italy collect death figures. A similar methodology will be applied to find the best-fitted model that fits both countries' death-number scenario. In Italy, the number of Covid-19-infected patients rises and meets quadratic trend line patterns. This induces extreme public distress and diversion. The quadratic trend line series analysed individual Covid-19-infected results. After March 18, 2020, it will continue to use a linear pattern. However, trend deaths also follow quadratic trend line pattern. Trend-line quadratic matched Italy's results. The quadratic line-of-trend model projection demonstrated dominance in estimating infected Covid-19. The quadratic death line from daily death collection data also showed superiority in estimating death number. The fitted quadratic model is better fitted in the Malaysian case, but the pattern shifts to linear trend line after MCO is implemented.
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Stow, Daniel, Robert O. Barker, Fiona E. Matthews und Barbara Hanratty. „National Early Warning Scores and COVID-19 deaths in care homes: an ecological time-series study“. BMJ Open 11, Nr. 9 (September 2021): e045579. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-045579.
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ObjectivesTo investigate whether National Early Warning Scores (NEWS/NEWS2) could contribute to COVID-19 surveillance in care homes.Setting460 care home units using the same software package to collect data on residents, from 46 local authority areas in England.Participants6464 care home residents with at least one NEWS recording.Exposure measure29 656 anonymised person-level NEWS from 29 December 2019 to 20 May 2020 with component physiological measures: systolic blood pressure, respiratory rate, pulse rate, temperature and oxygen saturation. Baseline values for each measure calculated using 80th and 20th centile scores before March 2020.Outcome measureCross-correlation comparison of time series with Office for National Statistics weekly reported registered deaths of care home residents where COVID-19 was the underlying cause of death, and all other deaths (excluding COVID-19) up to 10 May 2020.ResultsDeaths due to COVID-19 were registered from 23 March 2020 in the local authority areas represented in the study. Between 23 March 2020 and 10 May 2020, there were 5753 deaths (1532 involving COVID-19 and 4221 other causes). We observed a rise in the proportion of above-baseline NEWS beginning 16 March 2020, followed 2 weeks later by an increase in registered deaths (cross-correlation of r=0.82, p<0.05 for a 2 week lag) in corresponding local authorities. The proportion of above-baseline oxygen saturation, respiratory rate and temperature measurements also increased approximately 2 weeks before peaks in deaths.ConclusionsNEWS could contribute to COVID-19 disease surveillance in care homes during the pandemic. Oxygen saturation, respiratory rate and temperature could be prioritised as they appear to signal rise in mortality almost as well as NEWS. This study reinforces the need to collate data from care homes, to monitor and protect residents’ health. Further work using individual level outcome data is needed to evaluate the role of NEWS in the early detection of resident illness.
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Pérez-García, Carlos Nicolás, Daniel Enríquez-Vázquez, Manuel Méndez-Bailón, Carmen Olmos, Juan Carlos Gómez-Polo, Rosario Iguarán, Noemí Ramos-López et al. „The SADDEN DEATH Study: Results from a Pilot Study in Non-ICU COVID-19 Spanish Patients“. Journal of Clinical Medicine 10, Nr. 4 (18.02.2021): 825. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10040825.
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Introduction: The worldwide pandemic, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a novel infection with serious clinical manifestations, including death. Our aim is to describe the first non-ICU Spanish deceased series with COVID-19, comparing specifically between unexpected and expected deaths. Methods: In this single-centre study, all deceased inpatients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 who had died from March 4 to April 16, 2020 were consecutively included. Demographic, clinical, treatment, and laboratory data, were analyzed and compared between groups. Factors associated with unexpected death were identified by multivariable logistic regression methods. Results: In total, 324 deceased patients were included. Median age was 82 years (IQR 76–87); 55.9% males. The most common cardiovascular risk factors were hypertension (78.4%), hyperlipidemia (57.7%), and diabetes (34.3%). Other common comorbidities were chronic kidney disease (40.1%), chronic pulmonary disease (30.3%), active cancer (13%), and immunosuppression (13%). The Confusion, BUN, Respiratory Rate, Systolic BP and age ≥65 (CURB-65) score at admission was >2 in 40.7% of patients. During hospitalization, 77.8% of patients received antivirals, 43.3% systemic corticosteroids, and 22.2% full anticoagulation. The rate of bacterial co-infection was 5.5%, and 105 (32.4%) patients had an increased level of troponin I. The median time from initiation of therapy to death was 5 days (IQR 3.0–8.0). In 45 patients (13.9%), the death was exclusively attributed to COVID-19, and in 254 patients (78.4%), both COVID-19 and the clinical status before admission contributed to death. Progressive respiratory failure was the most frequent cause of death (92.0%). Twenty-five patients (7.7%) had an unexpected death. Factors independently associated with unexpected death were male sex, chronic kidney disease, insulin-treated diabetes, and functional independence. Conclusions: This case series provides in-depth characterization of hospitalized non-ICU COVID-19 patients who died in Madrid. Male sex, insulin-treated diabetes, chronic kidney disease, and independency for activities of daily living are predictors of unexpected death.
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Dziobak, Marek. „#NeverAgainMSD and the March for Our Lives Movement“. Ad Americam 24 (29.11.2023): 15–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.12797/adamericam.24.2023.24.02.
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The United States gives citizens the right to own guns and has developed a specific culture of gun presence in everyday life. However, this privilege raises many controversies, and gun-related deaths are one of the most common causes of death in the U.S. Media often report on tragic shootings in the country. Nonetheless, there is still no clear regulation of legal issues in the field of gun control. This text is devoted to the issue of the March for Our Lives (MFOL) social movement created by a group of students from Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School in Parkland, Florida. The movement was established in response to a shooting that occurred at the school on February 14, 2018. The massacre caused shock almost all over the United States and gave rise to a series of great demonstrations in favor of gun control, which turned into the March For Our Lives social movement. Why did this movement appeared after the events at the Parkland school, and what was its formation like? Did the term “potential tipping point” in the context of gun control and MFOL come true? What is the balance between the organizers’ assumptions and the actual results? This text analyzes the events of 2018 at Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School and attempts to answer the question about the essence of the March for Our Lives movement.
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Alshanbari, Huda M., Hasnain Iftikhar, Faridoon Khan, Moeeba Rind, Zubair Ahmad und Abd Al-Aziz Hosni El-Bagoury. „On the Implementation of the Artificial Neural Network Approach for Forecasting Different Healthcare Events“. Diagnostics 13, Nr. 7 (31.03.2023): 1310. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13071310.
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The rising number of confirmed cases and deaths in Pakistan caused by the coronavirus have caused problems in all areas of the country, not just healthcare. For accurate policy making, it is very important to have accurate and efficient predictions of confirmed cases and death counts. In this article, we use a coronavirus dataset that includes the number of deaths, confirmed cases, and recovered cases to test an artificial neural network model and compare it to different univariate time series models. In contrast to the artificial neural network model, we consider five univariate time series models to predict confirmed cases, deaths count, and recovered cases. The considered models are applied to Pakistan’s daily records of confirmed cases, deaths, and recovered cases from 10 March 2020 to 3 July 2020. Two statistical measures are considered to assess the performances of the models. In addition, a statistical test, namely, the Diebold and Mariano test, is implemented to check the accuracy of the mean errors. The results (mean error and statistical test) show that the artificial neural network model is better suited to predict death and recovered coronavirus cases. In addition, the moving average model outperforms all other confirmed case models, while the autoregressive moving average is the second-best model.
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Hossain, Mohammad Sorowar, Jahidur Rahman Khan, S. M. Abdullah Al Mamun, Mohammad Tariqul Islam und Enayetur Raheem. „Excess mortality during the COVID-19 pandemic (2020–2021) in an urban community of Bangladesh“. PLOS Global Public Health 3, Nr. 7 (14.07.2023): e0002176. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0002176.
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Measuring COVID-19-related mortality is vital for making public health policy decisions. The magnitude of COVID-19-related mortality is largely unknown in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), including Bangladesh, due to inadequate COVID-19 testing capacity and a lack of robust civil registration and vital statistics systems. Even with the lack of data, cemetery-based death records in LMICs may provide insightful information on potential COVID-19-related mortality rates; nevertheless, there is a dearth of research employing cemetery-based death records. This study aimed to assess the excess mortality during the COVID-19 pandemic in an urban setting in Bangladesh using a cemetery-based death registration dataset. A total of 6,271 deaths recorded between January 2015 and December 2021 were analysed using a Bayesian structural time series model. Exploratory analysis found that the average monthly number of deaths was 69 during the pre-COVID-19 period (January 2015-February 2020), but significantly increased to 92 during the COVID-19 period (March 2020-December 2021). The increase in male deaths was twice as large as the increase in female deaths. Model-based results were not statistically significant (relative effect 17%, 95% credible interval: -18%, 57%), but there was an overall increasing trend during the COVID-19 period, and specific months or shorter periods had a substantial increase. This first-of-its-kind study in Bangladesh has assessed the excess mortality in an urban community during the COVID-19 pandemic. Cemetery-based death registration appears to aid in tracking population mortality, especially in resource-limited countries where collecting data on the ground is challenging during crisis periods; however, additional large-scale research is required.
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Iqbal, Javaid, Rahim Moineddin, Robert A. Fowler, Monika K. Krzyzanowska, Christopher M. Booth, James Downar, Jenny Lau et al. „Socioeconomic Status, Palliative Care, and Death at Home Among Patients With Cancer Before and During COVID-19“. JAMA Network Open 7, Nr. 2 (27.02.2024): e240503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.0503.
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ImportanceThe COVID-19 pandemic had a profound impact on the delivery of cancer care, but less is known about its association with place of death and delivery of specialized palliative care (SPC) and potential disparities in these outcomes.ObjectiveTo evaluate the association of the COVID-19 pandemic with death at home and SPC delivery at the end of life and to examine whether disparities in socioeconomic status exist for these outcomes.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsIn this cohort study, an interrupted time series analysis was conducted using Ontario Cancer Registry data comprising adult patients aged 18 years or older who died with cancer between the pre–COVID-19 (March 16, 2015, to March 15, 2020) and COVID-19 (March 16, 2020, to March 15, 2021) periods. The data analysis was performed between March and November 2023.ExposureCOVID-19–related hospital restrictions starting March 16, 2020.Main Outcomes and MeasuresOutcomes were death at home and SPC delivery at the end of life (last 30 days before death). Socioeconomic status was measured using Ontario Marginalization Index area-based material deprivation quintiles, with quintile 1 (Q1) indicating the least deprivation; Q3, intermediate deprivation; and Q5, the most deprivation. Segmented linear regression was used to estimate monthly trends in outcomes before, at the start of, and in the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic.ResultsOf 173 915 patients in the study cohort (mean [SD] age, 72.1 [12.5] years; males, 54.1% [95% CI, 53.8%-54.3%]), 83.7% (95% CI, 83.6%-83.9%) died in the pre–COVID-19 period and 16.3% (95% CI, 16.1%-16.4%) died in the COVID-19 period, 54.5% (95% CI, 54.2%-54.7%) died at home during the entire study period, and 57.8% (95% CI, 57.5%-58.0%) received SPC at the end of life. In March 2020, home deaths increased by 8.3% (95% CI, 7.4%-9.1%); however, this increase was less marked in Q5 (6.1%; 95% CI, 4.4%-7.8%) than in Q1 (11.4%; 95% CI, 9.6%-13.2%) and Q3 (10.0%; 95% CI, 9.0%-11.1%). There was a simultaneous decrease of 5.3% (95% CI, −6.3% to –4.4%) in the rate of SPC at the end of life, with no significant difference among quintiles. Patients who received SPC at the end of life (vs no SPC) were more likely to die at home before and during the pandemic. However, there was a larger immediate increase in home deaths among those who received no SPC at the end of life vs those who received SPC (Q1, 17.5% [95% CI, 15.2%-19.8%] vs 7.6% [95% CI, 5.4%-9.7%]; Q3, 12.7% [95% CI, 10.8%-14.5%] vs 9.0% [95% CI, 7.2%-10.7%]). For Q5, the increase in home deaths was significant only for patients who did not receive SPC (13.9% [95% CI, 11.9%-15.8%] vs 1.2% [95% CI, −1.0% to 3.5%]).Conclusions and RelevanceThese findings suggest that the COVID-19 pandemic was associated with amplified socioeconomic disparities in death at home and SPC delivery at the end of life. Future research should focus on the mechanisms of these disparities and on developing interventions to ensure equitable and consistent SPC access.
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Riding, James. „Landscape after genocide“. cultural geographies 27, Nr. 2 (17.10.2019): 237–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1474474019876619.
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The March of Peace (Marš mira) is a 63-mile, 3-day walk through eastern Bosnia organised in memory of the victims of the 1995 Srebrenica genocide and traces in reverse a death march. Marchers take a trail from Nezuk, stopping at mass graves found along the way, arriving at the memorial cemetery in Potočari a day prior to the annual mass funeral for victims who have been recently exhumed. This article charts the journey from the death march to the peace march and asks the reader to assess the efficacy of embodied memory-work and the ethical responsibility to undertake – and responsibilities when undertaking – alternative memory-work in post-genocide landscapes and sites of mass murder, through a series of rhetorical shifts. A number of frames are enacted to challenge other more linear and conventional approaches, allowing the sociological and political productivity of engaging with post-genocide landscapes in a post-conflict state to emerge, referencing dissident forms of remembrance through the method of walking-with others while traversing this post-genocide landscape on foot. Travelling-with around 8,000 mourners, some of whom were survivors of the death march, the aim here is not to simply describe what is taking place; rather, the journey is undertaken in order to activate a space – a space within which I might engage with issues of landscape, conflict and memory in the context of their current discussion within cultural and political geography, genocide studies and memory studies, and more importantly to speak of genocide and a post-genocide landscape.
Bücher zum Thema "Series:Death march"
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Yourdon, Edward. Death March: The Complete Software Developer's Guide to Surviving 'Mission Impossible' Projects (Yourdon Computing Series). Prentice Hall PTR, 1999.
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Yourdon, Edward. Death March: The Complete Software Developer's Guide to Surviving 'Mission Impossible' Projects (Yourdon Computing Series). Prentice Hall PTR, 1999.
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Caraccilo, Dominic J. Surviving Bataan And Beyond: Colonel Irvin Alexander's Odyssey As A Japanese Prisoner Of War (Stackpole Military History Series). Stackpole Books, 2005.
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Almond, Mark H., und Mark J. Griffiths. Swine ‘flu’ in pregnancy. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199657742.003.0020.
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Influenza viruses are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality globally, resulting in severe illness in 3-5 million people and death in up to 500,000 during epidemic years. In March 2009, a novel H1N1 virus emerged in Mexico, spreading rapidly around the globe and achieving pandemic status within 3 months. Although it is now generally considered that the 2009 pandemic resulted in mild disease in most individuals, serious complications still occurred, with 12,000 deaths by mid-February 2010 in the United States alone. Risk factors for severe disease included asthma, cardiac disease, immunosuppression, pregnancy, diabetes mellitus, and obesity. The chapter outlines the case of a young pregnant female who presented with an influenza-like illness and subsequently developed acute respiratory distress syndrome requiring extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. The origins, presentation, diagnosis, complications, and management of pandemic influenza are discussed, in addition to a summary of the pulmonary physiology and pathology of pregnancy.
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Slide, Anthony. Some Joe You Don't Know. Greenwood Publishing Group, Inc., 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798216016526.
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Americans have been watching and enjoying British television programming since the mid-1950s, but the information on the personalities involved is difficult, if not impossible, to find in the United States. This guide provides biographical essays, complete with bibliographies, on 100 of the best known and loved actors and actresses from Richard Greene (Robin Hood) and William Russell (Sir Lancelot) in the 1950s through stars of Masterpiece Theatre, including Robin Ellis and Jean Marsh, to the new generation of British comedy performers such as Alexei Sayle and Jennifer Saunders. Not only are serious dramatic actors and actresses, such as Joan Hickson and Roy Marsden, to be found here, but also the great comedy stars, including Benny Hill and John Inman. Among the many shows discussed in the text are Absolutely Fabulous; You Being Served?; Dad's Army; Doctor Who; ; Fawlty Towers; The Good Life; The Jewel in the Crown; Poldark; Rumpole of the Bailey; Upstairs, Downstairs; and Yes, Minister. The guide offers not only factual information but also samplings of contemporary critical commentary and in-depth interviews with Terence Alexander, Richard Briers, Benny Hill, Wendy Richard, Prunella Scales, and Moray Watson. This is a reference source that also serves as fascinating entree into the wonderful world of British television, one that is as fun to browse as it is to use for factual documentation.
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Bolt, Paul J., und Sharyl N. Cross. Energy and the Economic Foundations of the Sino–Russian Relationship. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198719519.003.0002.
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Chapter 2 explores the economic relationship between Russia and China. Both governments have made it a priority to enhance economic linkages, with “One Belt, One Road” possibly being a vehicle for stronger integration. However, rising trade was disrupted in 2015 by slowed growth in China and a serious economic downturn in Russia, and structural features inhibit trade. Energy ties are the most important form of economic exchange between the two countries, with Russia being a major energy exporter and China needing secure, reliable supplies of oil and natural gas. Pipelines now deliver crude oil from Russia to China. Natural gas pipelines have been contracted but not yet built. Russia seems to have become more open to Chinese investments in energy and other fields since 2014, although it remains to be seen whether economic ties will eventually match the depth of the political relationship.
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Egreteau, Renaud. Caretaking Democratization. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190620967.001.0001.
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This book examines the political landscape that followed the 2010 elections in Myanmar and the subsequent transition from direct military rule to a semi-civilian, ‘hybrid’ regime. Striking political, social, and economic transformations have indeed taken place in the long-isolated country since the military junta disbanded in March 2011. To better construe – and question – what has routinely been labelled a ‘Burmese Spring’, the book examines the reasons behind the ongoing political transition, as well as the role of the Burmese armed forces in the process. The book draws on in-depth interviews with Burmese political actors, party leaders, parliamentarians, active and retired army officers. It also takes its cue from comparative scholarship on civil-military relations and post-authoritarian politics, looking at the ‘praetorian’ logic to explain the transitional moment. Myanmar’s road to democratic change is, however, paved with obstacles. As the book suggests, the continuing military intervention in domestic politics, the resilience of bureaucratic, economic and political clientelism at all levels of society, the towering presence of Aung San Suu Kyi, the shadowy influence of regional and global powers, and the enduring concerns about interethnic and interreligious relations, all are strong reminders of the series of elemental conundrums which Myanmar will have to deal with in order to achieve democratization, sustainable development and peace.
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Heidler, David S., und Jeanne T. Heidler. The Mexican War. Greenwood Publishing Group, Inc., 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798400685170.
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Victory over Mexico added vast western territories to America, but it also quickened the domestic slavery debate and crippled Mexico for decades, making the Mexican War one of our most ambiguous conflicts. Primary documents, biographical sketches and narrative chapters rounded out by twenty images and maps and a robust bibliography and index make this work by two of America's foremost Antebellum historians a must have to understand one of our most contentious episodes. The United States went to war with Mexico in the spring of 1846 and by the fall of 1847 American soldiers were walking in the streets of Mexico City. The following February, Mexico was forced to sign the Treaty fo Guadalupe Hidalgo that ceded what became the U.S. Southwest and Pacific Coast. Rather than an isolated episode, the war was the culmination of a series of events that began before Mexican independence and included treaty arrangements with Spain, the revolt of Mexico's northern province of Texas, and the growing discord over American reactions to Texan independence. The legacy of the war was dire for both countries. The victorious United States commenced a bitter argument over the fate of slavery in the territories acquired from Mexico that eventually culminated in southern secession and Civil War. Defeated Mexico coped for decades with a ruined economy and a broken political system while nursing a grudge against the Colossus of the North. This book examines these events from both the American and Mexican perspectives. Topics covered include succinct histories of the American and Mexican Republics from their colonial founding to their independence from European countries; The problems over Texas, including Anglo immigration, the Texas Revolution, and the controversies surrounding U.S. annexation of Texas; the crises instigated by American annexation of Texas brought on by the crossed purposes of American expansionist aims and domestic concerns over slavery; the northern campaigns of the war in California and New Mexico; Winfield Scott's amphibious landing and siege at Vera Cruz and his epic march to Mexico City and the collapse of the Mexican government; and finally the crafting of the peace treaty and the bitter legacies of the war for both the U.S. and Mexico. Biographical sketches of Valentin Gomez Farias, Jose Joaquin de Herrera, Sam Houston, Stephen Watts Kearny, President James Polk and other notable figures of the event provide firsthand glimpses into the motivations of the key players. Nine maps, eleven images, a detailed chronology, and a dozen vital annotated primary documents add considerable depth to the book. An extensive annotated biography and robust index complete this valuable new edition on one of Young America's most trying and contentious periods.
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Sony, Dr Krishan K., Dr Nidhi Verma und Dr Mohsin Uddin, Hrsg. PSYCHOSOCIAL ISSUES IN COVID-19 PANDEMIC. REDSHINE Publication, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.25215/1794795529.
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The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak has sparked a global health crisis that has altered our perceptions of the world and our daily lives. Not only has the velocity of infection and transmission patterns undermined our feeling of agency, but the safety measures to restrict the virus's spread also demanded social and physical separation, prohibiting us from seeking solace in the company of others. The coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has wreaked havoc on daily life and normal activities as well as having serious health, economic, financial, and societal consequences Lockdowns and physical/social distancing measures were enforced in numerous countries throughout the world beginning in March 2020. COVID-19 has claimed the lives of hundreds of thousands of people all over the world. This high death toll, combined with the rapid changes in daily life brought on by the COVID-19 pandemic, may have a negative impact on child and adolescent mental health. Individuals' reactions to the security measures adopted to combat the epidemic varied depending on the social roles they played. Some segments of the population seem to be more exposed to the risk of anxious, depressive, and post-traumatic symptoms as the population is more susceptible to stress. COVID-19 pandemic has generated a situation like mass hysteria or fear. This mass fear of COVID-19, termed as “Coronaphobia”, has generated a plethora of psychiatric manifestations across societies. In India, the first and foremost responses to the pandemic have been fear and a sense of clear and imminent danger. Fears have ranged from those based on facts to unfounded fears based on misinformation circulating in the media, particularly social media. All of us respond differently to the barrage of information from all the available sources. It is equally important to consider the impact of the various phases of the pandemic on children, the elderly and pregnant women. The worries of adults can be transmitted to children and make them anxious and fearful. They can become very easily bored, angry and frustrated. Without an opportunity for outdoor play and socialization, they may become increasingly engrossed in social media and online entertainment, which can make them even more socially isolated when they emerge out of this situation. Parents need to know means of keeping the children engaged, providing an opportunity to learn new skills at home, as well as encourage children to participate in activities, get them engaged in “edutainment” and hone their extracurricular skills as well. Children with special needs may need innovative approaches to engage them and keep them active at home. For the elderly, they can feel further isolated and neglected, become more worried about their families, and increasingly worried about their health. They may not have the support systems to care for them, particularly in terms of their medical needs. This can aggravate into anxiety and depression.
Buchteile zum Thema "Series:Death march"
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de Saint-Phalle, Eugénie. „Masks and Social Distancing During COVID-19“. In International Series on Public Policy, 221–42. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-52096-9_13.
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AbstractThis chapter of the book addresses the most widespread (and controversial) COVID-19 measure: social distancing and wearing of the masks. Social distancing, that is, keeping distance between people in public spaces and decreasing the number of social contacts, was one of the first health-related measures that were introduced in March–April 2020 in most countries. However, the strictness of these measures, as well as government’s understanding of how the virus spreads, varied a lot. In some countries, people were asked to keep their distance at 2 m from each other, in other countries one-meter distance was considered to be enough. Moreover, open and closed spaces were not treated equally; in Switzerland, for example, people were required to keep distance in open spaces like parks, but not in closed spaces like supermarkets. In Belgium, April 2020 legal acts actively discouraged people to wear masks. This chapter aims to present an overview of legal responses to the health requirements, that is, how European governments integrated the medical advice into the exceptional measures. Secondly, this chapter seeks to map and classify these responses against infection levels, death count, as well as country-specific system factors. Finally, it aims to reconstruct the public response to mask wearing, a highly controversial measure in numerous European countries.
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Ismail, Abdirashid A. „‘Mum, I Sleep Under a Bridge’: Everyday Insecurities of the Families of Rejected Asylum Seekers in Somalia“. In IMISCOE Research Series, 111–28. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-24974-7_7.
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AbstractIn this chapter, I examine the impact of prolonged family separation on the families of rejected Somali asylum seekers in Europe. The focus is on the everyday security of family members left behind in Somalia. During the past 10 years, many young people have migrated from Somalia as a result of socio-political developments in the Horn of Africa. Coupled with recent policy changes in Europe, these developments have significantly increased the time migrants spend in transit countries and in Europe as rejected asylum seekers, profoundly affecting the everyday life and wellbeing of their families in Somalia. The chapter draws on 42 semi-structured, in-depth individual interviews with family members of rejected Somali asylum seekers in Europe; the interviews were conducted in Somaliland and Puntland, Somalia, in March–April 2019 and January–February 2020. The findings show that family separation affects family members’ everyday security in Somalia through four broad dimensions of family life, namely, emotional, health-related, material and social dimensions. The chapter provides a unique translocal analysis that connects the effects of immigration policies in Europe to the everyday (in)securities of families in Somalia.
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Mccalman, Iain. „The ultra-radical march of mind: politics, religion and respectability“. In Radical Underworld, 181–203. Oxford University PressOxford, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198122869.003.0010.
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Abstract In a series of intelligence reports filed towards the end of the 1820s the government’s most reliable and conscientious spy, Abel Hall, pronounced the death of the old Spencean ultra-radical underworld. Hall, a Finsbury tailor and ex-Cato Street conspirator who had been recruited as a spy in prison in 1820, reported that his former ‘dangerous’ associates of ten years earlier had changed their dispositions, opinions and principles. Not only had they become preoccupied with earning a living like everyone else, but they had also ceased plotting ‘revolution or riot’ in the old way. Instead, they met openly in coffee-houses to read and discuss the news of the day.
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Correoso-Rodenas, José Manuel. „Learning English in a Multidisciplinary Context“. In Teaching Literature and Language Through Multimodal Texts, 237–57. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-5796-8.ch013.
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John Adams is a biographical miniseries produced and broadcasted by the American satellite network HBO, which ran between March 16 and April 27, 2008. It illustrates the life of the United States' second president, John Adams, from 1770 to his death in 1826. Some of the key scenes deal with the Tea Party of Boston, the process of independence and the signing of the Declaration. This series is a major example of how to use a media source to get the student involved in the lesson while acquiring skills and knowledge belonging to different areas. The development of the American Revolution (for history and geography), the ideals of Liberalism (for philosophy), and the early pamphlets and the Declaration of Independence itself (for literature) are some examples of how the student can get acquainted with a multidisciplinary learning process. The experience has shown how this miniseries helps the student to learn English while watching it (with or without subtitles, regarding the subject's skills), and through several workshops afterwards.
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Fontani, Marco, Mariagrazia Costa und Mary Virginia Orna. „The Beginning of a Long Series of Scientific Blunders“. In The Lost Elements. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199383344.003.0008.
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The Beginning of a Long Series of Scientific Blunders The enthusiasm that oft en characterizes researchers can at times distort certain preconceived convictions and deceive the scientist into believing that a controlled experiment has produced the correct result when, in fact, it is erroneous due to insufficient or incorrect data. This is the case for the discovery of a mysterious terra nobilis made by the chemist Torbern Olof Bergman. Bergman was born on March 20, 1735, in Katrineberg, Sweden. He was a chemist and mineralogist who became famous in 1775 for printing the most extensive tables of chemical affinity ever published at that time, and he was the first chemist to use letters of the alphabet as a notation system for chemical species. He took his doctorate at the University of Uppsala in 1758. After initially holding the professorship of physics and mathematics, he later took the chair in chemistry, which he retained for the rest of his life. Bergman made significant contributions to progress in quantitative analysis and metallurgy, and he developed a classification scheme of minerals based on their chemical characteristics. In 1777, Bergman confidently announced the result of an extremely expensive investigation. He studied the behavior of diamond with a blowpipe, and, aside from the presence of silicon, he seemed to have generated an unknown compound. He extracted the oxide of a metal from the diamonds, which, according to the custom of the time, he called terra nobilis. His discovery was quickly forgotten, not least because his life soon took a tragic turn. After marrying Margareta Catharina Trast in 1771, he enthusiastically continued his activities as a synthetic and analytical chemist, 3 but on July 8, 1784, at the age of only 49, he died in Medevi, Sweden. It is believed that he fell victim to poisoning from the chemical substances he used in his research. At the time of his death, he had been a member of the Royal Society of London and the Swedish Royal Academy for many years, and he was certainly one of the most famous chemists of his time.
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Tamte, Roger R. „Failure Achieved“. In Walter Camp and the Creation of American Football, 186–92. University of Illinois Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5622/illinois/9780252041617.003.0033.
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The ruptured Harvard-Yale relations of chapter 33 come in the midst of a series of unpleasant experiences for Camp in addition to his mother’s death: In March 1894, NHCC borrows heavily, and the company’s board votes to place the company in the hands of a receiver if the borrowed funds are exhausted. In June 1894, Camp angrily writes Caspar Whitney about allegedly inadequate payments from Harper’s Weekly; further angry exchanges follow before Whitney agrees to pay an added 50 percent. In late spring 1895, while Camp is trying to obtain peace between Harvard and Yale to allow the rules committee to meet, the Yale football captain under pressure from Yale graduates sends an inflammatory letter to Harvard that dooms Camp’s efforts. Camp immediately resigns from the Yale athletic advisory committee and in October leaves for California and a month of rest, “for his health,” with coaching at Stanford. Meanwhile, the rules committee splits, with Cornell added to Harvard and Pennsylvania in one group, while Princeton and Yale remain in the IFA group; the two groups produce two different sets of rules.
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Kildea, Paul. „Wireless Concerts lose Edward Clarke (1936)“. In Britten on Music, 19. Oxford University PressOxford, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198167143.003.0004.
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Abstract News comes that Edward Clarke [sic] has left the B.B.C.1 The bold scope and high standard of the Contemporary Concerts have been largely due to his perseverance. Both listeners and the B.B.C. music department will regret his going. The most important music broadcasts announced for May are Alban Berg’s violin concerto, completed shortly before his death last year, and Vladimir Vogel’s i¾lgadu, a work for chorus and small orchestra. The Berg is scheduled for May 1st, and the Vogel for May 16th. The month’s music will also include relays from Covent Garden opera house. The season opens on April 27th with Die Meistersinger. This will be broadcast in its entirety, a procedure almost unprecedented for the B.B.C. The Berg concerto will be played by Krasner2 and conducted by Anton von Webern, himself a composer and close friend of Berg during his lifetime.3 Von Webern’s series of Workers’ Concerts in Vienna drew crowded houses, and won him wide fame as a conductor. Vladimir Vogel, Russian composer living in Switzerland, is best known for his fine Storm March for brass, and for two rhythmic studies for orchestra. The choral writing of Wagadu is said to be difficult to a degree of virtuosity. It is a pity that no room has been found for novelties in this season’s opera. Practical difficulties may bar the production of Berg’s i-¼zzeck, but means surely exist for the staging of Shostakovitch’s Lady Macbeth. The broadcast of this work in March stirred up interest and discussion in many musical quarters. Why should Weinberger’s delightful Schwanda be dropped when, with a little nursing, it might deservedly become a popular favourite?
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McElroy, Michael B. „Nuclear Power An Optimistic Beginning, A Clouded Future“. In Energy and Climate. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190490331.003.0013.
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Nuclear power was widely regarded as the Holy Grail for energy supply when first introduced into the US electricity market in the late 1950s and early 1960s— power so cheap that utilities could scarcely afford the cost of the meters needed to monitor its consumption and charge for its use. The first civilian reactor, with a capacity to produce 60 MW of electricity (MWe), went into service in Shippingport, Pennsylvania, in late 1957. By the end of 1974, 55 reactors were in operation in the United States with a combined capacity of about 32 GWe. The largest individual power plant had a capacity of 1.25 GWe: the capacity of reactors constructed since 1970 averaged more than 1 GWe. The industry then went into a state of suspended animation. A series of highly publi¬cized accidents was responsible for this precipitous change in the fortunes of the industry. Only 13 reactors were ordered in the United States after 1975, and all of these orders were subsequently cancelled. Public support for nuclear power effectively disappeared in the United States following events that unfolded at the Three Mile Island plant in Pennsylvania on March 28, 1979. It suffered a further setback, not only in the United States but also worldwide, in the wake of the disaster that struck at the Chernobyl nuclear facility in the Ukraine on April 26, 1986. The most recent confidence- sapping development occurred in Japan, at the Fukushima- Daiichi nuclear complex. Floodwaters raised by a tsunami triggered by a major offshore earthquake resulted in a series of self- reinforcing problems in March 2011, culminating in a highly publicized release of radioactivity to the environment that forced the evacuation of more than 300,000 people from the surrounding communities If not a death blow, this most recent accident certainly clouded prospects for the future of nuclear power, not only in Japan but also in many other parts of the world. Notably, Germany elected to close down its nuclear facilities, leading to increased dependence on coal to meet its demand for electricity, seriously complicating its objective to markedly reduce the nation’s overall emissions of CO2.
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Rajni und Tushant Kumar. „Forecasting of COVID-19 Outbreak in India: A Time Series Analysis“. In Advances in Transdisciplinary Engineering. IOS Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/atde221334.
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The World Health Organization (WHO) declared the status of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) to a global pandemic on March 11, 2020. Since then, numerous statistical, epidemiological and mathematical models have been used and investigated by researchers across the world to predict the spread of this pandemic in different geographical locations. The data for COVID-19 outbreak in India has been collated on daily new confirmed cases from March 12, 2020 to April 10, 2021. A time series analysis using Auto Regressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model was used to investigate the dataset and then forecast for the next 30-day time-period from April 11, 2021, to May 10, 2021. The selected model predicts a surge in the number of daily new cases and number of deaths. An investigation into the daily infection rate for India has also been done.
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Lewis, Cathleen S. „A Removal and Three Deaths“. In Cosmonaut, 107–35. University Press of Florida, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5744/florida/9781683403708.003.0005.
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By the 1960s, the tight-knit and secretive organization that had orchestrated the Soviet space program had begun to crumble in full-view of the world. It was not only because the USSR had lost its moon race that Soviet control over the Red Stuff was faltering. Instead, four events between October 1964 and March 1968 shook national confidence in the Red Stuff and loosened the grip that the Soviet state had on its interpretation. They also had effects on the engineers and technicians who made the Space Race possible. The ouster of Nikita Khrushchev, the death of Sergei Korolev, the death of Vladimir Komarov in the first spaceflight fatality in 1967, and the death of Yuri Gagarin all conveyed that the USSR had fallen behind the US in the propaganda war of the Space Race. Therefore, this chapter focuses on a period of three and a half years in the Soviet space program that marked the end of the public perception of easy victories for the Soviet space establishment.
Konferenzberichte zum Thema "Series:Death march"
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علوان عبدالله, نزار. „" Stages of Genocide Against the Kurds in Iraq 1975 – 1988 Historical study"“. In Peacebuilding and Genocide Prevention. University of Human Development, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21928/uhdicpgp/57.
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Following the collapse of the Kurdish revolution in 1975 in the wake of Algiers Agreement1975 between Iraq and Iran, the governing Baath regime in Baghdad found itself free against the National Kurdish Movement, carrying out a series of genocide and ethnic cleansing operations against Kurds in Iraq. The government lunched wide arrest campaign against members of Kurdish opposition and destroyed many border villages in order to create a 20-kilometer security belt alongside the borders with Turkey and Iran with mines planted there. That area was declared to be a military zone accessed only by the Iraqi army. That required evacuating 500 villages which caused thousands of Kurds to seek refuge in Iran in fear of apprehension or murder. These developments were accompanied by a displacement process carried out by the Iraqi government on March 31st 1975 against member of Al-Barzani clan in Barzan area, who were displaced to the desert in Al-Qadisiya province and were only allowed to return to Kurdistan in the 1980 in the condition that they do not go back to their original areas. This was followed by the Anfal campaign which destroyed more than four thousand villages and displaced more than half a million Kurds to the Iraqi southern deserts while other thousands fled to Iran. It was in the Anfal campaign that the tragedy of Halabja occurred where chemical weapons were used on March 16th 1988 causing the death of more than five thousand Kurds and horrible unprecedented scene.
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De La Garza, Cecilia, und Nora Oufi. „Health Crisis Management and Resilience Factors: A Comparative Study in Two Sectors“. In 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1001567.
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The objective of this study is to analyze the modalities of health crisis management in two different sectors during the Covid-19 crisis: the hospital and the nuclear industry. The aim is to:- Characterize the health crisis: similarities and differences compared to other known crises - nuclear, natural crisis (storm, earthquake, flood). - Identify elements of similarity between sectors in the modalities of crisis management and particularities related to the specificities of the socio-technical systems.- Identify the resilience factors and difficulties- Make proposals to enhance the robustness of crisis organizations.Study BackgroundBoth the hospital and the nuclear industry (EDF) have had to organize and adapt to continue their activities from the beginning of the crisis in March 2020.On the hospital side, an emergency plan (White Plan) provides a reconfiguration of the hospital in case of health crisis. On the nuclear side, a Business Continuity Plan exists as well as a pandemic emergency plan (support and mobilization plan).It was at La Pitié Salpêtrière Hospital, a reference hospital for infectious diseases, that the first death of Covid19 was recorded. The crisis unit was activated at that time. The hospital then opened its doors to us for human and organizational factors study of crisis management in April 2020. Concerning the nuclear sector, the health crisis management analysis could only be carried out from October 2020 at the national level and the nuclear power plants.Methodological approachWe applied a systemic approach combining ergonomics, cognitive psychology, and sociology to study socio-technical systems safety.The study focused on crisis management via an analysis of organizational resilience to identify the factors of success and difficulty. Given the temporality of this crisis, the study was carried out in three stages at the hospital.1. April and May 2020: i) a series of remote interviews with various hospital staff were conducted; ii) a passive listening follow-up of about 30 phone meetings of the crisis unit; iii) a documentary analysis of the planned crisis organization.2. November and December 2021: i) a second series of interviews in the hospital emergency unit.3. June and July 2021 in the intensive care unit: i) a third round of interviews; ii) field observations in the hospital; iii) a literature review.In the nuclear field we conducted two retrospective studies at different times, focused on the most critical phase of the crisis (from March to May 2020):1. October - November 2021: an analysis of the health crisis’ management at the national level via a series of interviews completed by an analysis of the crisis reference systems.2. August - September 2021: an analysis of the health crisis management in a Nuclear power plant via interviews and an analysis of site-specific documents. ResultsWe observed similarities in the way the crisis was managed, in terms of management, which proved to be factors of success both at the hospital and at EDF, for example,- A crisis management that integrates the business lines and is top-down, but that listens and takes into account proposals from the field.- Experience of crises and emergency situations, which facilitates crisis management and adaptation.- The habit of protocols facilitating the integration of new constraints.- Very strong collective mobilization of personnelHowever, there are linked difficulties in both sectors, for example, to the virus fear, the anxiety of contaminating one's family and friends, especially at the beginning, and then weariness and fatigue linked to the duration of the crisis.Particularities concerning the work activity in the hospital will be discussed especially in relation to the reconfiguration of the services and to the necessary adaptations and improvisations of patients care protocols and procedures, among others.These studies are source of learning, about crisis management and particularly long-term crises that have a lasting impact on socio-technical systems. Proposals in terms of crisis organization and preparedness for this type of crisis will be presented.
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Lima, Juliana Pugas Paim, Ian Vítor Moura Giudice de Argôllo, Caroline Silva Calixto Dourado und Rodrigo Libertador Dourado Campos Werneck. „Number of hospitalizations for stroke before and during the new Coronavirus pandemic in Salvador-BA“. In XIII Congresso Paulista de Neurologia. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1516-3180.329.
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Introduction: Salvador was deeply affected by Sars-CoV-2. Because of the fear of contamination, many stopped seeking medical attention for the prevention and treatment of serious illnesses, such as stroke. This is defined as the appearance of a sudden neurological deficit caused by an alteration in the blood vessels of the CNS, being classified as ischemic and hemorrhagic. Objectives: To describe a relationship between the number of strokes hospitalizations from January / 2019 to March / 2020, which preceded the new Coronavirus pandemic, and the period of social isolation, from March / 2020 to October / 2020. Methods: The study was done with aggregated data, being longitudinal observational (time series) based on data collected in the SUS Hospital Information System (SIH / SUS) available at DATASUS. Results: A peak of hospitalizations for stroke is observed in April / 2019, with 350 cases. During the same year, hospitalizations fluctuated between 200 and 300 cases. At the beginning of 2020, this number remained on schedule, with an average of 250 hospitalizations. As of April, however, there is a fall, with May / 2020 reaching the lowest number of hospitalizations recorded in the entire period studied. This deviation is also observed in the remaining months of 2020. Conclusion: The pandemic may have a direct relationship with the number of hospitalizations in Salvador. Due to fear of contamination, there was a significant drop in the number of consultations, increasing the likelihood of deaths from stroke.
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Bagão, Margarida, Rui Dias, Paula Heliodoro und Paulo Alexandre. „THE IMPACT OF COVID-19 ON EUROPEAN FINANCIAL MARKETS: AN EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS“. In Sixth International Scientific-Business Conference LIMEN Leadership, Innovation, Management and Economics: Integrated Politics of Research. Association of Economists and Managers of the Balkans, Belgrade, Serbia, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31410/limen.2020.1.
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The fast spread of coronavirus (COVID-19) had negative impacts on financial markets worldwide. It created uncertainty and a lack of confidence, causing unprecedented levels of risk, causing sharp losses to investors in a very short period. In view of these events, this essay aims to investigate the relationship between Covid-19 (confirmed cases and deaths), and the stock market indexes of Greece (ATG), France (CAC40), Germany (DAX 30), United Kingdom (FTSE 100), Italy (FTSE MID), Spain (IBEX 35), Ireland (ISEQ), and Portugal (PSI 20), from December 31st, 2019 to July 23rd, 2020. In order to achieve such an analysis, we want to validate if: the increase in cases and deaths resulting from Covid-19 have any connection with the financial markets under analysis? If so, do these connections cause shocks in European financial markets? The results suggest structure breaks, mostly, in March 2020. Covid-19 data (confirmed cases) integrate with the Covid-19 data series (deaths), with the Spanish market (IBEX 35), Greece (ATG), and Italy (FTSE MID). However, the Covid-19 data series (deaths), is synchronized with the Covid-19 data (confirmed cases), with the markets of Germany (DAX 30), France (CAC 40), Ireland (ISEQ), Italy ( FTSE MID), United Kingdom (FTSE 100) and Portugal (PSI 20), just does not synchronize with the Greek market (ATG). We can easily see that the Covid-19 data series (deaths) has a major impact on Europe's financial markets. The results of the VAR Granger Causality / Block Exogeneity Wald Tests model suggest 2 bidirectional causal relationships between confirmed cases and deaths from the Covid-19 virus. However, there were no shocks between Covid-19 data (confirmed cases and deaths) and the financial markets under analysis. As a final discussion, we consider that investors should avoid investments in the stock exchange, at least while this pandemic lasts, and rebalance their portfolios in hedging and/or sovereign debt assets, to mitigate risk and improve the efficiency of their portfolios.
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Cao, Qun, Erin E. Bachynski-Polić, Zhen Gao, Longfei Xiao, Zhengshun Cheng und Mingyue Liu. „Analysis of a Hybrid Mooring System Concept for a Semi-Submersible Wind Turbine in Intermediate Water Depth Under Operational, Extreme, and Yaw Error Conditions“. In ASME 2022 41st International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2022-78666.
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Abstract A hybrid mooring system consisting of catenary chains and a series of clump weights was designed for the intermediate water depth, for a floating semi-submersible wind turbine. The use of multiple clump weights in the mooring line provides smaller footprint area and shorter bottom section length, as compared to a normal mooring line without clump weights. This suits the use for intermediate or shallow waters. The performance of this mooring concept is analyzed through both experimental and numerical methods. The experimental and numerical mean values of the pitch motion, surge motion and fairlead tension match well under both operational and extreme conditions. The wave-induced low-frequency responses match well after tuning the drag coefficients. The low-frequency components are slightly over-estimated by the numerical model under wind-only condition, because the wind loads and damping acting on the blade model in FAST and in model test are different. However, these components are simulated well under a combined operational wind-wave-current condition. Under extreme condition, the mean and dynamic tensions at clump weights are noteworthy. For extreme condition, the surge motion and fairlead tension of line#4 are more severe when yaw error angle is larger.
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Srikanth, R., und N. Ramesh Babu. „A Strategy for Generating Contoured Surface With Abrasive Waterjet Milling on Ductile Materials“. In ASME 2012 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2012-87807.
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Surface generation by abrasive waterjet milling is one of the emerging applications of waterjet machining for processing of difficult to cut materials like super alloys, titanium alloys and hardened tool steels. The key aspect lies in the identification of certain important parameters that influence the kerf geometry and develop control strategies to produce easily reproducible kerfs and combine them together to produce a contoured surface. In this work, an attempt is made to devise control strategies, based on certain kinematic operating parameters like traverse rate, stand-off distance and impact angle of jet on the material, to generate a series of reproducible kerfs and to merge them together to produce a contoured surface. This is achieved by first discretely milling the surface into a series of kerfs separated by thin unmachined region and then gradually increasing the depth of these kerfs to match the requirements of the contoured surface with multiple traversal of jet. Subsequently these kerfs are merged by removing the regions separating them. The proposed control strategy is demonstrated by milling contoured surface on stainless steel 304 alloy. Finally, the efficiency of the proposed control strategy for producing contoured surface is assessed in terms of dimensional accuracy achieved on the milled surface.
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Faucett, David C., Jacob Mattison und Sung Choi. „Restitution of Impacting Projectiles in Ceramic Matrix Composites (CMCs) Subject to Foreign Object Damage“. In ASME Turbo Expo 2022: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2022-81787.
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Abstract Accurate assessments of rebound velocity of a projectile in impact events for ceramic matrix composites (CMCs) are important since the rebound velocity affects the degree of resultant impact damage in both CMC targets and projectiles. A series of in-depth characterizations of coefficients of restitution (COR), which is defined as rebound velocity divided by impact velocity of a projectile, was made using various types of gas-turbine grade ceramic matrix composites (CMCs) in conjunction with dynamic imaging and data-acquisition systems. Both the impact aspects and the coefficients of restitution were characterized as a function of impact velocities ranging from 150 m/s to Mach 1 and were analyzed with respect to materials’ key properties. An important experimental observation was that regardless of types of CMCs employed, the corresponding CORs at an impact velocity of 350 m/s (i.e., Mach 1) yielded consistently the same value close to 0.1–0.2. The temperature effect in COR was found to be minor to 1100°C as assessed with the specialty SiC/SiCs, also independent of environmental barrier coatings. The coefficients of restitution were also determined in other materials systems such as advanced monolithic ceramics and some metallic materials in an attempt to construct an overall COR map in response to related foreign object damage (FOD) events.
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Vatteroni, Carolina. „Smart Heritage: an easy method for matching colors“. In RECH6 - 6th International Meeting on Retouching of Cultural Heritage. València: Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/rech6.2021.13502.
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Historic buildings and architectural surfaces are a significant part of the European heritage.In the field of preservation and conservation of historic facades – especially for those of buildings that are still in use - restorers frequently face the task of faithfully repurpose from a chromatic point of view surfaces and paintings, often having small patches of original color as the only reference.This step is often carried out by visual assessment by a restorer proficient in the field of colorant formulation and with in-depth knowledge of the behavior of colorants in a specific material: the process involves making a series of samples that are tested on the surface to be treated, in order to identify the most suitable.Nevertheless, such a procedure is strictly related to the sensitivity of the conservator.The series of samples produced can easily be subject to phenomena of observer metamerism and conditional match: in fact, it is possible that a set of samples that appear to match under a defined set of viewing conditions, such as light source or viewing angle, no longer match if those conditions change.Since restoration is first and foremost a science, the restorer is provided by the market with effective and specific color measurement devices that are able to capture, measure and quantify the color of a surface, providing reliable data: -in order of increasing sophistication- densitometers, colorimeters and spectrophotometers.Unfortunately, on a restoration site and scaffolding the restorer does not always have the opportunity to use such sophisticated field-portable: as such equipment is often designed for other purposes, its use in built heritage conservation usually necessitates testing and careful calibration on order to ensure accurate data.Compromises must be made: the aim of this paper is to identify an intermediate solution, which would be more effective than visual assessment, easy to perform, and significantly less expensive than portable spectrophotometers.How this will be achieved? The tool I tested for this purpose is X-Rite's Color Checker, a target specifically designed for photography and video production that is able to compare, measure and analyze differences in color reproduction in any color rendition system.I used the Color Checker target and software to compare original paintings with samples reproduced by visual assessment, in order to verify their spectral match, which means the two colors have the same color coordinates and appear identical regardless of illuminant or observer.Then, I tested my data by comparing them with those obtained by specifically designed equipment.The results show that this method is able to provide relevant information on color matching, it is quick and easy to perform and definitely affordable, and it could represent a smart alternative for built heritage conservation.
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Feng, Ming. „The Tentative Case Study of Annulus Build Up Pressure in the Deepwater Gas Production Well in South China Sea“. In ASME 2019 38th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2019-95847.
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Abstract As China’s offshore drilling and production projects gradually march into the deep water, the requirements for scientific and technological progress are imminent. The occurrence of the 2010 Macondo disaster has presented a serious challenge to the safety of deepwater in technology. The deepwater wellbore consists of several layers/channel barriers, which constitute the wellbore barrier system and have a complicated structure. With the increase of water depth and well depth, the temperature of oil and gas produced at the wellhead is getting higher and higher, and the fluid in the annulus of the casing is heated by the conduction and convection of fluids such as oil and gas produced in the high temperature formation. Up to 60 degrees Celsius, the thermal expansion of the annulus fluid can cause the casing to burst, which can cause significant loss of personnel and property. Therefore, accurate temperature calculation of deep water wellbore is the key to the calculation of trap pressure prediction. The calculation of the wellbore temperature is affected by the oil casing and the thermophysical parameters such as the size of the wellbore, fluid composition, flow regime, casing and cementing sheave. By appropriately simplifying the model and sensitivity analysis, it is found out the dominant factors which affect the temperature profile.
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Koiro, M., und B. Lakshminarayana. „Simulation and Validation of Mach Number Effects on Secondary Flow in a Transonic Turbine Using a Multigrid, k-ε Solver“. In ASME 1996 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exhibition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/96-gt-544.
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An existing three dimensional Navier-Stokes flow solver with an explicit Runge-Kutta algorithm and a low Reynolds number k-ε turbulence model has been modified in order to simulate turbomachinery flows in a more efficient manner. The solver has been made to converge more rapidly through use of the mutligrid technique. Stability problems associated with use of multigrid in conjunction with two equation turbulence models are addressed and techniques to alleviate instability are investigated. Validation for the new code was performed with a transonic turbine cascade tested by Perdichizzi. In the fully three dimensional turbulent cascade, real convergence (i.e. CPU time) was improved nearly two times the original code. Robustness was enhanced with the full multigrid initialization procedure. The same test case was then used to perform a series of simulations that investigated the effect of different exit Mach numbers on secondary flow features. This permitted an in depth study into the mechanisms of secondary flow formation and secondary losses at high Mach numbers. In this cascade, it was found that secondary losses and secondary flow deviation, which are fairly constant in incompressible flows with similar geometries, underwent a large reduction in the compressible flow range. The structure of the trailing edge shock system and the reduced endwall boundary layer at supersonic exit conditions were shown to be very significant in reducing the amount of secondary flow and losses.
Berichte der Organisationen zum Thema "Series:Death march"
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Aromolaran, Adebayo B., Milu Muyanga, Fadlullah O. Issa und Oladele Oladeji. A Multi-Phase Assessment of the Effects of COVID-19 on Food Systems and Rural Livelihoods in Nigeria. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), Dezember 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/apra.2021.042.
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The first case of COVID-19 in Nigeria was reported on 27 February 2020. By 30 March 2020, Nigeria had recorded 131 confirmed cases and two deaths. To mitigate the impending health crisis, the Nigerian Government quickly commenced a series of COVID-19 lockdowns across states in Nigeria on 30 March 2020. These lockdowns lasted for three months before a gradual relaxation began on 1 July 2021. However, infection and death cases in the country increased substantially during the months of substantial relaxation of restrictions between October 2020 and March 2021. This paper presents the results of the rapid assessment study in Nigeria between July 2020 and February 2021, which sought to document and understand the differential impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on agricultural commercialisation, food and nutrition security, employment, poverty, and well-being in rural households.
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Jenkins, J. Lee, Edbert B. Hsu, Anna Russell, Allen Zhang, Lisa M. Wilson und Eric B. Bass. Infection Prevention and Control for the Emergency Medical Services and 911 Workforce. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), November 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepctb42.
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Objectives. To summarize current evidence on exposures to infectious pathogens in the emergency medical services (EMS) and 911 workforce, and on practices for preventing, recognizing, and controlling occupationally acquired infectious diseases and related exposures in that workforce. Review methods. We obtained advice on how to answer four Guiding Questions by recruiting a panel of external experts on EMS clinicians, State-level EMS leadership, and programs relevant to EMS personnel, and by engaging representatives of professional societies in infectious diseases and emergency medicine. We searched PubMed®, Embase®, CINAHL®, and SCOPUS from January 2006 to March 2022 for relevant studies. We also searched for reports from State and Federal Government agencies or nongovernmental organizations interested in infection prevention and control in the EMS and 911 workforce. Results. Twenty-five observational studies reported on the epidemiology of infections in the EMS and 911 workforce. They did not report demographic differences except for a higher risk of hepatitis C in older workers and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in minorities. EMS clinicians certified/licensed in Advanced Life Support have a high risk for blood and fluid exposure, and EMS clinicians had a higher risk of hospitalization or death from SARS-CoV-2 than firefighters whose roles were not primarily related to medical care. Eleven observational studies reported on infection prevention and control practices (IPC), providing some evidence that hand hygiene, standard precautions, mandatory vaccine policies, and on-site vaccine clinics are effective. Research on IPC in EMS and 911 workers has increased significantly since the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Conclusions. Moderate evidence exists on the epidemiology of infections and effectiveness of IPC practices in EMS and 911 workers, including hand hygiene, standard precautions, mandatory vaccine policies, and vaccine clinics. Most evidence is observational, with widely varying methods, outcomes, and reporting. More research is needed on personal protective equipment effectiveness and vaccine acceptance, and better guidance is needed for research methods in the EMS and 911 worker setting.
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Seme, Assefa, Solomon Shiferaw, Ayanaw Amogne, Anna Popinchalk, Leilena Shimeles, Ephrem Berhanu, Ricardo Mimbela und Margaret Giorgio. Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health in Ethiopia. Guttmacher Institute, November 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1363/2021.33198.
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Key Points The COVID-19 pandemic and its associated restrictions raised concerns that adolescents in Ethiopia may face reduced access to youth-friendly sexual and reproductive health services. Public and private service statistics data reveal that from March through the end of 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic had at least a short-term impact on adolescent sexual and reproductive health outcomes. The COVID-19 pandemic is estimated to have resulted in an annualized increase of: 20,738 adolescents with an unmet need for contraception 8,884 unintended pregnancies among adolescents Approximately 10.1 million Ethiopian birr (more than US$250,000) in costs for the Ethiopian health system for pregnancy-related and newborn care 438 adolescent women with major obstetric complications 14 adolescent maternal deaths Ethiopia’s Ministry of Health and private health providers could take several steps to ensure that access to sexual and reproductive health services for adolescents continues throughout the remainder of the COVID-19 pandemic: Adopt an emergency response plan that addresses adolescents’ sexual and reproductive health needs Support health care workers, particularly health extension workers, to increase access to contraceptives for adolescents Engage adolescents at all levels of the Ministry of Health decision-making process Support the expansion of youth-friendly services across regions with additional staff and resources
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Leavy, Michelle B., Costas Boussios, Robert L. Phillips, Jr., Diana Clarke, Barry Sarvet, Aziz Boxwala und Richard Gliklich. Outcome Measure Harmonization and Data Infrastructure for Patient-Centered Outcomes Research in Depression: Final Report. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), Juni 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepcwhitepaperdepressionfinal.
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Objective. The objective of this project was to demonstrate the feasibility and value of collecting harmonized depression outcome measures in the patient registry and health system settings, displaying the outcome measures to clinicians to support individual patient care and population health management, and using the resulting measures data to support patient-centered outcomes research (PCOR). Methods. The harmonized depression outcome measures selected for this project were response, remission, recurrence, suicide ideation and behavior, adverse effects of treatment, and death from suicide. The measures were calculated in the PRIME Registry, sponsored by the American Board of Family Medicine, and PsychPRO, sponsored by the American Psychiatric Association, and displayed on the registry dashboards for the participating pilot sites. At the conclusion of the data collection period (March 2020-March 2021), registry data were analyzed to describe implementation of measurement-based care and outcomes in the primary care and behavioral health care settings. To calculate and display the measures in the health system setting, a Substitutable Medical Apps, Reusable Technology (SMART) on Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resource (FHIR) application was developed and deployed at Baystate Health. Finally a stakeholder panel was convened to develop a prioritized research agenda for PCOR in depression and to provide feedback on the development of a data use and governance toolkit. Results. Calculation of the harmonized outcome measures within the PRIME Registry and PsychPRO was feasible, but technical and operational barriers needed to be overcome to ensure that relevant data were available and that the measures were meaningful to clinicians. Analysis of the registry data demonstrated that the harmonized outcome measures can be used to support PCOR across care settings and data sources. In the health system setting, this project demonstrated that it is technically and operationally feasible to use an open-source app to calculate and display the outcome measures in the clinician’s workflow. Finally, this project produced tools and resources to support future implementations of harmonized measures and use of the resulting data for research, including a prioritized research agenda and data use and governance toolkit. Conclusion. Standardization of outcome measures across patient registries and routine clinical care is an important step toward creating robust, national-level data infrastructure that could serve as the foundation for learning health systems, quality improvement initiatives, and research. This project demonstrated that it is feasible to calculate the harmonized outcome measures for depression in two patient registries and a health system setting, display the results to clinicians to support individual patient management and population health, and use the outcome measures data to support research. This project also assessed the value and burden of capturing the measures in different care settings and created standards-based tools and other resources to support future implementations of harmonized outcome measures in depression and other clinical areas. The findings and lessons learned from this project should serve as a roadmap to guide future implementations of harmonized outcome measures in depression and other clinical areas.
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Dorman, Eleanor, Zara Markovic-Obiago, Julie Phillips, Richard Szydlo und Darren K. Patten. Wellbeing in UK Frontline Healthcare Workers During Peaks One and Three of the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Analysis. Science Repository, Dezember 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31487/j.ejgm.2022.01.01.
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Background: COVID-19 had a huge impact on the wellbeing of healthcare workers (HCWs). This is well documented during the first peak of the pandemic. With cases in the UK rising for a third peak, hospitalisations and deaths surpassing the first, there is very little known about the mental health of HCWs during this time. Methods: Using a questionnaire, data was collected from patient-facing staff at Barking, Havering, and Redbridge University Trust to quantify and compare the period prevalence of symptoms of depression, anxiety, and PTSD during the first peak (P1: March-May 2020) and third peak (P3: December 2020-Feburary 2021) of the COVID-19 pandemic as well as wellbeing service use, demographics of responders and what they found most difficult during the peaks. Results: Of 158 responders, only 22·4% felt they had enough access to wellbeing services during P1 and 21·5% in P3. Of those who used wellbeing services 34·4% found them useful in P1 and 34·6% in P3. 70·3% of responders felt that not enough was done for staff wellbeing. The median anxiety score decreased from P1 (10(range 5-17)) to P3 (8(range 4-16)) p=0·031. Under 30-year-olds’ depression and PTSD scores increased from P1 to P3 (depression: P1 7(1-11), P3 8(3-14), p=0·048, PTSD: P1 4(0-7) peak 3 5(2-9), p=0·037). Several groups showed a decrease in anxiety scores from P1 to P3 including; over 30-year-olds (P1 10(5-17), P3 7(3-15) p=0·002), BME responders (P1 8(3·75-15) P3 6·5(1-12) p=0·006), AHP (P1 14(7-19), P3 11(5-19) p=0·005), ITU workers (P1 15(8-18·25) P3 12(5·75-18·25) p=0·004), and those who were redeployed (P1 8(5-18·25), P3 5(2-14·75), p=0·032). Conclusion: We have observed changes in mental health symptoms within the study population as the peaks of the pandemic continue. With the majority of responders reporting they felt not enough had been done for their wellbeing support - and of those who used the wellbeing services only around 1/3 felt they were useful - we hope that this paper can help inform wellbeing provision and identify groups at higher risk of developing mental health symptoms.
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Szałańska, Justyna, Justyna Gać, Ewa Jastrzębska, Paweł Kubicki, Paulina Legutko-Kobus, Marta Pachocka, Joanna Zuzanna Popławska und Dominik Wach. Country report: Poland. Welcoming spaces in relation to social wellbeing, economic viability and political stability in shrinking regions. Welcoming Spaces Consortium, Dezember 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.33119/welcoming_spaces_2022.
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This report aims to present findings of the research conducted in Poland within the Work Package 1 of the Welcoming Spaces project, namely “Welcoming spaces” in relation to economic viability, social wellbeing and political stability in shrinking regions. The main aim of the mentioned research was to examine how welcoming initiatives are organised and implemented in the selected shrinking localities in Poland. In particular, the creation of welcoming initiatives concerning social wellbeing, economic viability and political stability was assessed. To accomplish this objective, five localities were selected purposefully, namely Łomża (city with powiat status) and Zambrów (urban commune) in Podlaskie Voivodeship and Łuków (town), Wohyń (rural commune) and Zalesie (rural commune) in Lubelskie Voivodeship. Within these localities, 23 welcoming initiatives were identified, out of which 12 were chosen for in-depth research. The field research was conducted in all five localities between March and December 2021. During this period, the SGH Warsaw School of Economics team conducted 43 interviews with institutional stakeholders (representatives of local governments, schools, non-governmental organisations – NGOs, religious organisations and private companies) and individuals (both migrant newcomers and native residents). In addition, local government representatives were surveyed to compare their policies, measures and stances toward migrant inhabitants and local development. The research was also complemented with the literature review, policy documents analysis, and local media outlets discourse analysis. Until February 2022 and the outbreak of war in Ukraine, welcoming spaces in Poland were scarce and spatially limited to the big cities like Warsaw, Cracow, Wrocław, Gdańsk, Lublin or Białystok, governed by liberal mayors and city councils open to accept migrants and treat them as a valuable human asset of the city community. However, in smaller cities, towns and rural areas, especially in shrinking regions, welcoming spaces have been highly conditioned by welcoming initiatives carried out mainly by civil society organisations (CSOs). It is very likely that the war in Ukraine will completely change the situation we write about in this country report. However, this crisis and its consequences were not the subjects of our desk research and fieldwork in Poland, which ended in December 2021. As of late July 2022, the number of border crossings from Ukraine to Poland is almost 5 million and the number of forced migrants registered for temporary protection or similar national protection scheme concern 1.3 million people (UNHCR 2022). However, the number of those who have decided to stay in Poland is estimated at around 1.5 million (Duszczyk and Kaczmarczyk 2022). Such a large influx of forced migrants from Ukraine within five months already affects the demographic situation in the country and access to public services, mainly in large and medium-size cities1 . Depending on the development of events in Ukraine and the number of migrants who will decide to stay in Poland in the following months, the functioning of the domestic labour market, education, health service, and social assistance may significantly change. The following months may also bring new changes in the law relating to foreigners, aimed at their easier integration in the country. Access to housing in cities is already a considerable challenge, which may result in measures to encourage foreigners to settle in smaller towns and rural areas. Given these dynamic changes in the migration situation of the country, as well as in the area of admission and integration activities, Poland seems to be slowly becoming one great welcoming space. It is worth mentioning that the main institutional actors in this area have been NGOs and local governments since the beginning of the humanitarian crisis in Ukraine. An important supporting and coordinating role has also been played by international organisations such as the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), which launched its inter-agency Regional Refugee Response Plan (RRRP) in early spring to address the most urgent needs of the population of forced migrants and their host countries in this part of Europe (UNHCR 2022a; UNHCR 2022b; UNHCR 2022c). Based on the number of newly emerged welcoming initiatives and the pace of this emergence, they will soon become an everyday reality for every municipality in Poland. Therefore, it is difficult to find more up-todate circumstances for the “Welcoming Spaces” project objective, which is “to rethink ways forward in creating inclusive space in such a way that it will contribute firstly to the successful integration of migrants in demographically and economically shrinking areas and simultaneously to the revitalization of these places”. Furthermore, the initiatives we selected as case studies for our research should be widely promoted and treated as a model of migrants’ inclusion into the new communities. On the other hand, we need to emphasize here that the empirical material was collected between March and December 2021, before the outbreak of war in Ukraine. As such, it does not reflect the new reality in Poland
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ASSAf Distinguished Visiting Scholar (DVS) Programme 2023/24. Academy of Science of South Africa (ASSAf), 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/assaf.2024/102.
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The Academy of Science of South Africa (ASSAf) hosted Prof Loretta Baldassar as the 2023/24 ASSAf Distinguished Visiting Scholar (DVS). The DVS Programme took place on 12 - 27 March 2024. Prof Baldassar delivered a series of lectures under the theme “Transnational Family Care: from social death to digital kinning over a century of Australian migration” at various institutions across five Provinces: the universities of the Witwatersrand (Wits), Limpopo (UL), Free State (UFS), Rhodes, Stellenbosch and University of Cape Town (UCT). She also engaged with emerging academics at these institutions as part of her research capacity development work, drawing on the tools and insights of social network analysis (SNA). Prof Baldassar is Professor of Anthropology and Sociology, Vice Chancellor’s Professorial Research Fellow, and Director of the Social Ageing (SAGE) Futures Lab at Edith Cowan University (ECU). The Academy of Science of South Africa (ASSAf) annually invites one or more distinguished scholars from abroad to present lectures at various higher education institutions around the country. The scholars are internationally prominent academics who are inspirational speakers and usually with an ability to bridge the divides between disciplines. The purpose of the Distinguished Visiting Scholars’ Programme is to fulfil one of the Academy’s strategic goals, viz. the promotion of innovation and scholarly activity. Through interaction with distinguished individual scholars from around the world, ASSAf aims to enrich and stimulate research endeavours at South African higher education and research institutions. Scholars from the humanities disciplines are invited in alternate years.
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Evaluation Study for 12 Projects Financed by the ProAdapt Facility. Inter-American Development Bank, Juni 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004943.
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This report is the final deliverable developed by Technopolis Group and Global Factor in the context of the “Evaluation study of 12 projects financed by the ProAdapt Facility”. ProAdapt Facility was launched in 2013 by the IDBs Multilateral Investment Fund (MIF), now IDB Lab, and the Nordic Development Fund (NDF). The main objectives of the Facility were to support climate resilience in MSMEs and the local communities where they operate and to foster business and investment opportunities for private-sector resilience solutions. In addition, the program supported the creation of new capacities and tools and the development of business models to achieve climate resilience. The IDB Lab approved 12 technical cooperation projects in 13 member countries for a total contribution of US$11.52 million (including MIF and NDF funding). In addition, US$16.56 million was leveraged as counterpart funding from executing agencies and project partners. Overall, the funding for ProAdapt Facility amounted to a total of US$28.08 million. The project portfolio was approved gradually between 2013 and 2019, and its implementation ended in March 2022. The distribution of the operation portfolio by focus areas is as follows: five projects were related to access to basic services and green growth; three to inclusive cities; two to accessing markets and capabilities; and one to smart agriculture. This report provides information on the benefits and the achievement of results for and across the different projects. It also reports on the effectiveness of the ProAdapt Facility in promoting the dissemination of the results achieved. The results of the evaluation are mainly based on in-depth studies of 10 of the planned projects. For the remaining two projects, in-depth studies were not conducted as one was cancelled before it started, and the other concerned the generation of knowledge products. In addition, the evaluation included a study that benchmarks ProAdapts intervention against those of external climate funds and highlights relevant lessons learned that might be useful for the design of future climate funds at the IDB.
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Does proactively asking about allergens before ordering by Food Business Operator staff improve customer outcomes? Food Standards Agency, April 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.46756/sci.fsa.xbx580.
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Roughly 5% of the UK population report having a food hypersensitivity, which includes both food intolerances and allergic reactions (Turner et al., 2021). People may be more likely to have allergic reactions when eating out of home: the majority of deaths due to food allergens between 1992 and 2012 occurred as a result of food being bought from food businesses (Turner et al., 2015). However, research suggests that customers with allergies may be reluctant to actively seek information about allergens (Barnett et al., 2017; Barnett, Vasileiou and Lucas, 2020). Therefore, the Food Standard Agency (FSA) commissioned the Behavioural Practice to run a field trial, partnering with a national Food Business Organisation (FBO), to test whether staff proactively asking customers about allergens would increase customers’ confidence that they could identify ingredients that they have allergies or intolerances to, their comfort in asking about ingredients, and their perceptions of food safety regarding food and drink sold by the FBO. We worked with 18 branches of a national FBO. Between 28th March 2022 and 30th June 2022, staff in half of those branches (the ‘intervention’ group) were told to ask “Do you have any food allergies or intolerances?” before customers placed their order. Staff in the other half of the branches were not instructed to say this. They carried on with usual practice, to serve as a ‘control’ group, in order to be able to compare whether the proactive request made a difference. Customers who entered the FBO and who placed a food order at the till were asked to complete a survey about their experience, which measured their confidence in identifying ingredients, comfort in asking about ingredients, and perceptions of food safety in the FBO. We also asked them if an employee had asked whether they had a food allergy or intolerance before they made their purchase. We pre-specified that we would measure the ‘efficacy’ of the intervention when it was correctly delivered. In other words, that we would compare the responses of customers in the intervention group who reported being asked about allergies and intolerances with customers in the control group who said they were not asked. We found that customers in the intervention group who were proactively asked about allergens were more confident that they could identify ingredients, with almost 83.2% ‘very’ or ‘somewhat’ confident they could identify ingredients, compared to 77.2% who were not asked in the control group. (These figures relate to all customers who answered the survey and who indicated that they received the expected intervention, regardless of whether they indicated they had a food hypersensitivity or not). Those in the intervention group who were proactively asked about allergens also reported they would be more comfortable asking about ingredients, with a majority (69.5%) ‘very’ comfortable, while in the control group only half of those who were not asked (50.8%) were ‘very’ comfortable. However, there was no detectable difference in their perceptions of food safety regarding food and drink sold by the FBO. The intervention also increased customer satisfaction amongst those who received it, on three different customer satisfaction metrics. This suggests that, if FBO staff proactively ask customers about allergens before ordering, this may help them identify ingredients in order to prevent them from suffering adverse reactions to the food. If it also improves the customer experience, then it can benefit businesses too, a win-win situation.