Dissertationen: „Self-exclusion“

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Tuscherer, Taylor R. „Image Is Everything: Self-Presentation Following Social Exclusion“. Miami University / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1354562810.

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Kavanagh, Phillip Sean. „Social Exclusion, Self-Esteem, & Mating Relationships: Testing a Domain-Specific Variant of Sociometer Theory“. Thesis, University of Canterbury. Psychology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/4084.

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Sociometer Theory (Leary & Downs, 1995; Leary, Tambor, Terdal, & Downs, 1995) proposes that state self-esteem is a gauge of social inclusion. Expansions to this theory by Kirkpatrick and Ellis (2001) suggest that this is a domain specific process with different sociometers for different adaptive domains. Two studies were conducted to test predictions derived from the domain specific sociometer model of self-esteem proposed by Kirkpatrick and Ellis (2001). In Study 1, participants (N = 83) who were currently single, received feedback to indicate either acceptance (inclusion) or rejection (exclusion) for a potential dating situation. The results indicated that participants who were accepted versus rejected reported increases in state self-esteem and higher mating aspirations. The same effects were not present for either friendship aspiration or friendship investment, indicating domain specificity. The effect of the manipulation on mating aspirations was also significantly mediated by state self-esteem. Study 2 replicated Study 1 using participants (N = 81) who were currently in an intimate relationship. The results indicated that participants who were accepted versus rejected reported increases in state self-esteem and decreases in perceived relationship quality (commitment and satisfaction). The same effects were not present for either friendships aspirations or friendship investment. The association between the manipulation and resulting changes in perceived relationship quality were significantly mediated by state self-esteem, with state self-esteem acting as a suppressor. The results from both studies support a domain-specific conceptualisation of sociometer theory.

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Ricard, Nathalie. „Effects of Social Exclusion and Inclusion on Basic Needs Satisfaction, Self-Determined Motivation, the Orientations of Interpersonal Relationships, and Behavioural Self-Regulation“. Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/20046.

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How does the satisfaction (or the lack of satisfaction) of the innate need to have meaningful interpersonal relationships affects behavioural self-regulation? How does having/lacking interpersonal relatedness impact one’s perception of future interpersonal relationships? This doctoral dissertation aimed to answer these two fundamental questions by integrating the views of two complementary theories, need to belong theory (NBT; Baumeister & Leary, 1995) and self-determination theory (SDT; Deci & Ryan, 1985, 2000). Using a series of two laboratory experiments and one longitudinal study, this thesis examined the effects of social exclusion and inclusion on satisfaction of basic psychological needs, self-determined motivation, and self-regulation of behaviours. In Study 1 (N=72), social exclusion and inclusion were manipulated in order to examine their effects on the satisfaction of the three basic psychological needs proposed by SDT, that is the needs for autonomy, competence, and relatedness. Findings from this first experiment revealed that social exclusion decreases satisfaction of the three needs, whereas social inclusion increases satisfaction of these needs when compared to the control condition. Furthermore, significant differences were found between the exclusion condition and the inclusion condition for the reported levels of satisfaction of the needs for competence and relatedness. The effects of social exclusion and inclusion on basic needs satisfaction were further investigated in Study 2 (N=70); also, the second study examined how self-determined motivation and behavioural self-regulation are affected. More specifically, it tested whether participants’ persistence at a laboratory task, as well as their intentions for a future peer interaction (intentions to compete against a peer participant and intentions to collaborate with a peer participant) are influenced by social exclusion and inclusion, through the meditating effects of basic needs satisfaction and self-determined motivation. The results suggested that social exclusion, via the effects of basic needs and motivation decreases peer collaboration, whereas social inclusion was shown to have an opposite effect on peer collaboration. The effect of condition via the mediating effects of basic needs satisfaction and motivation failed to predict persistence at the task and peer competition. Lastly, Study 3 (N=624) assessed naturally occurring social exclusion and inclusion in a population of junior high school students. This third study investigated the independent contributions of SDT and NBT in the prediction of academic motivation and high school dropout. Peer relatedness, perceived needs support from parents, and perceived needs support from teachers were examined as potential predictors of academic motivation and high school dropout. Findings suggested that peer relatedness plays an important role in the prediction of academic motivation, but, that perceived needs support from parents and perceived needs support from teachers are stronger predictors of that outcome. Results from this study also revealed that peer relatedness contributes to the prediction of high school dropout, beyond what can be explained by academic motivation, perceived needs support from parents, and perceived needs support from teachers. However, perceived needs support from parents was shown to be the most essential predictor of high school dropout. In sum, findings from this doctoral dissertation suggested that social exclusion has detrimental effects on one’s motivation and behavioural self-regulation. In contrast, social inclusion fosters social support which promotes satisfaction of the basic psychological needs, self-determined motivation, and successful self-regulation. This doctoral thesis contributed to the application of SDT and NBT by comparing elements of the two complementary frameworks. It also offered an original contribution to research on social exclusion and inclusion by examining their impacts on self-determined motivation, and basic needs satisfaction, as well as testing them in both the laboratory setting and the natural setting.

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Stewart, Dorris Kamiya. „LOSING CONTROL: THE CONSEQUENCES OF INDIVIDUAL- AND GROUP-BASED SOCIAL EXCLUSION ON LATINA WOMEN’S SELF-REGULATION OF UNHEALTHY EATING“. CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/573.

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Social exclusion is a psychologically stressful experience that impairs people’s ability to control specific behaviors or events. In the current study, I attempted to reconcile competing predictions regarding whether exclusion is especially harmful to control, or self-regulate, when it is attributed to individual- or group-based characteristics of a person. Per the self-evaluation maintenance (SEM) model, social exclusion should be most detrimental to self-regulation when it is directed at a person’s unique traits, or individual self. In contrast, social identity theory (SIT) predicts that exclusion is especially damaging when it is directed at a person’s group membership. I examined whether the seemingly contradictory predictions made by SEM and SIT are because they relate to different circumstances concerning the fairness of the exclusion experience. Most research regarding individual-based exclusion involves situations in which the exclusion seems fair, or deserved, whereas research regarding group-based exclusion focuses on discrimination, or unfair exclusion. An online exclusion paradigm (i.e., “College Survivor”) was used to examine the role of fairness. During the Survivor game, Latina women experienced either individual- or group-based exclusion that was either fair or unfair. Afterwards, participants were asked to taste and rate three bowls of chocolate that were ostensibly manufactured in three countries that used different recipes. The findings demonstrated that participants consumed the most calories (i.e., showed the greatest loss of self-control) when exclusion was fair and directed towards their individual selves, or when exclusion was unfair and directed towards their group selves.

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Cooper, Douglas Phillip. „When Does the Straw Break the Camel's Back?: Examination of the Exclusion-Elicited Anti-Social Behavior Model“. Scholar Commons, 2011. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/3048.

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Being excluded should motivate pro-social behaviors. Yet, exclusion can incite aggressive and anti-social responses. Two studies were conducted to examine how frequent experiences of exclusion impact self-esteem, perceptions that exclusion is typical of social experiences, and anti-social behaviors. In Study 1, participants completed pre and post-measures of exclusion typicality and self-esteem and reported, over eight weeks, feelings of exclusion and state self-esteem. Results supported the hypotheses in that experiences feeling excluded have direct and indirect effects on state and trait self-esteem as well as on exclusion typicality. In Study 2, participants were exposed to an exclusion manipulation and subsequent aggressive and anti-social behaviors were assessed. Results were inconsistent with hypotheses that exclusion typicality and self-esteem would moderate responses to exclusion. Discussion focuses on the implications for a model of exclusion elicited anti-social behaviors.

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Binon-Davin, Pierre. „Le départ des associés de sociétés professionnelles“. Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM1104.

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Les sociétés professionnelles, même si elles ne bénéficient pas d'une définition établie sont celles par lesquelles les professionnels libéraux choisissent d'exercer en groupe. Au titre de celles-ci les sociétés civiles professionnelles et les sociétés d'exercice libéral sont de loin les plus répandues. Dans tout exercice d'une profession au moyen d'une structure sociale, existe le risque de voir des intérêts s'affronter, ou survenir des circonstances imprévues. Il faut entendre sous le terme de « départ », plusieurs situations qui représentent des manières intentionnelles ou non de quitter la société. Il peut ainsi s'agir du retrait volontaire de l'associé, de la cession de ses parts, mais également de son exclusion, voire de son décès. S'il convient tout d'abord d'évoquer les différentes hypothèses permettant ou imposant à l'associé de sortir de la structure, il faut également en étudier les conséquences, nécessairement importantes, tant pour l'associé que pour la société. S'agissant de professionnels libéraux, les questions de la responsabilité professionnelle, de l'obligation aux dettes et du non rétablissement sont primordiales. Enfin, il ne faut pas négliger les conséquences fiscales de ce départ, tant pour l'associé sortant que pour la société. La présente étude devrait offrir une utilité pour tous les professionnels libéraux, et plus spécialement ceux du droit, du fait de l'éparpillement actuel des règles juridiques
"Professional" companies, even if they do not have an accurate definition, are those by which the self-employed professional choose to practice in group. The most widespread are the “sociétés civiles professionnelles” (civil professional companies) and the “sociétés d'exercice liberal” (commercial professional companies). In every professional exercise, by means of a social structure, lies the risk to assist to conflicts between some interests, or the occurrence of unexpected circumstances. By the notion of « exiting », we must include several situations which represent intentional or unintentional ways to leave the company. The voluntary withdrawal of the associate is one of many, such as the transfer of his share and also his possible exclusion or even his death. Considering the various possibilities allowing to the associate to leave the structure, it is as well required to examine the necessarily important consequences, both for the associate and the company. Regarding professional companies, the questions of the professional liability, the obligation to the debts and the non-re-establishment clauses are fundamental. Finally fiscal consequences regarding this kind of departure must not be neglected both for the associate and the company. The present study should be useful for the whole professional corporations and more specifically those of the Law, due to the current dissipation of the legal rules

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Knowles, Gordon Edward. „An examination of microfinance self-help groups and the poorest of the poor women in Tamil Nadu, India“. Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2014. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/72998/1/Gordon_Knowles_Thesis.pdf.

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This study examined the formation and operation of women's microfinance self-help groups in southern India and investigated whether or not the poorest of the poor women were accepted as members of those groups. The study found that caste was used as a selection criterion. Many eligible women excluded themselves from joining the self-help group due to their own lack of education, age, poor health, poverty and lack of trust in the system. The research revealed that self-help groups enhanced women's income and education, improved village infrastructure, and reduced household conflict. Factors that might prevent inclusion of the poorest of the poor in future microfinance programs were identified.

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Woodward, Sophie. „To what extent can a guided imagery intervention designed to enhance self-esteem help to reduce social exclusion in key stage 2?“ Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2010. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/13090/.

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The topics of self-esteem and social inclusion have been subject to much research in educational psychology, with positive correlation often being found to exist between the two. However, very little research has been conducted into the efficacy of guided imagery - a person-centred cognitive therapeutic technique – on enhancing either self-esteem or social inclusion, particularly in school-age populations. Identifying the gap in existing literature, this study therefore assessed the extent to which a five-session guided imagery intervention was associated with increases in both self-esteem (as measured by the Lawrence Self-Esteem Questionnaire; Lawrence, 1982) and social inclusion (as measured by the Social Inclusion Survey; Frederickson & Graham, 1999, and the Peer Problems and Prosocial Behaviour subscales of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire; Goodman, 1997). This quantitative data was supplemented by a limited collection of qualitative questionnaire data, which was analysed using content analysis. Both forms of data were collected from 46 Year 4 and 5 pupils from three mainstream primary schools, who had been randomly allocated either to experimental groups or waiting list control groups. Qualitative data was also collected from the four members of school staff who had been trained in facilitating the intervention. Data analysis indicated that the guided imagery intervention had few salient effects on self-esteem or social inclusion as measured by the instruments used, but there was some qualitative evidence of increased self-esteem and social inclusion of participants in the experimental condition. The results of this study are discussed in the context of existing literature, and implications for future research and practice are explored.

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Andersson, Sarah. „Ett liv i gränslandet mellan det normala och det avvikande : En litteraturstudie om vuxna personer med Aspergers syndrom“. Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för samhällsvetenskaper, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-30809.

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Studien syftar till att nå en förståelse för hur en person med Aspergers syndrom förstår sig själv och sin sociala miljö. Antalet personer som diagnostiserats med Aspergers syndrom blir högre men kunskapen bland människorna i samhället inte alltid är uppdaterad och det finns en hel del fördomar om personer med Aspergers syndrom. För att försöka förstå hur personer som själva lever med Aspergers syndrom uppfattar sig själva och sin vardag har jag använt mig utav tre självbiografier skrivna av personer som i vuxen ålder diagnostiserats med Aspergers syndrom. För att uppnå syftet med studien har jag valt att använda mig av hermeneutiken när jag ska försöka förstå författarnas upplevda känslor av sin egna självbild och att leva med Aspergers syndrom. Resultatet av denna studie visar att personer som inte fått sin diagnos Aspergers syndrom som barn under sin uppväxt upplever sig själva som annorlunda ur ett negativt perspektiv då de känner ett utanförskap och stora svårigheter att klara av skolan, både studier och det sociala samspelet. Detta i sin tur kan leda till minskade möjligheter på arbetsmarknaden och en egen försörjning.
The study aims to reach an understanding of how a person with Aspergers syndrom understands himself and his social environment. The number of people diagnosed with Aspergers syndrom are getting higher but the knowledge among the people in the society are not always updated and there are a lot of sterotypes about people with Aspergers syndrom. I am using three book that are written by persons that living with Aspergers syndrom, all three given the diagnos when they were adult. To aim my purpose with this study I choose to use the hermeneutics as method to try to understand how the writers feels about them self and their self-image and what it feels like to be living with Aspergers syndrome. The result of this study shows that persons that has not been diagnosed Aspergers syndrome until their are adult often sees themself as different from a negative perspective when they feel like outsiders, experiencing exclusion and have difficulties to manage the school. Both studies and the social interplay. In the end this might result in decreased possabilitys at the labor market and a self-sufficiency.

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Lübeck, Maggie, und Jennifer Karlsson. „Det mångkulturella samhället : En kvalitativ intervjustudie om yttringar av rasism i vardagen för svenska medborgare“. Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för hälsa och välfärd, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-42587.

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The purpose of this study was to investigate, through a triangulation of qualitative and quantitative methods, whether Swedish citizens with two foreign-born parents feel that everyday racism is expressed in the society. Collected empirical data were conducted through an online questionnaire and eight interviews, in which all key informants were born in Sweden but originated from Lebanon, Syria, Spain and Kosovo. Previous research shows that the concept of immigrants tends to represent only a homogeneous cultural of non-indigenous ethnicities and that this unit is subordinate to the dominant Swedish identity. Being categorized as immigrants in Sweden can lead to stigmatization, racism, discrimination and exclusion in areas such as education, working life and income regardless of generation. It is therefore believed that cultural and social rankings have emerged between “Swedes” and “immigrants”, which means that the concept of immigrants has become a category that also subordinates individuals and collectively. Collected empirical data was analysed on the basis of Erving Goffman, Jan Inge Jönhill and Charles Horton Cooley theories and the results showed that informants carry experiences of racism that are a combination of structural knowledge and personal experiences. One can therefore describe the experiences as a cultural legacy of consciousness or a high knowledge of both previous social and current existing exclusions that have historically occurred or usually occur within a society today.

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Ivarsson, Solveig. „Berättelser om skolgång i särskolan. : Före detta elevers perspektiv“. Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för pedagogiska studier, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-41184.

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The purpose of the study is to investigate former students’ view of their experiences of schools for students with intellectual disability. Both students of this study have a mild form of intellectual disability. The question of this study is to find out more of their experiences from their whole schooling. The theoretical frame of the study is based on a life narrative perspective. The focus in this perspective was the social interaction and the students’ experiences of schooling. The method was a life narrative perspective were former students with intellectual disability talked about their life story in special schools. The result of the study showed that students who were included in the ordinary school, and have the opportunity to remain in the ordinary class, got a better view of the school. If the students instead were forced to attend lessons in special school, against their own wish, they become disappointed, sad and frustrated. To separate students from their regular class could have devastating consequences, especially for the person who was excluded from their friends. The result also showed that the person who was excluded from the ordinary school felt ashamed and would not be connected with a group that was specially treated As a teacher for students with special need we have to be aware of what the pupils need instead of what the school offer. We should not forget that all our decisions will have an impact of the students’ former life.
Målet med studien är att undersöka före detta elevers syn på deras erfarenheter i skolan för elever med intellektuell funktionsnedsättning. Studiens båda elever har en lindrigare funktionsnedsättning. Studiens frågeställning är att få reda på mera om deras erfarenheter genom hela deras skoltid. Studiens teoretiska utgångspunkt utgår från ett livsberättande perspektiv. I fokus på detta perspektiv var det sociala samspelet och elevernas egna erfarenheter om skolgången. Metoden som användes var livsberättelseperspektivet där före detta elever med intellektuell funktionsnedsättning berättade sin livsberättelse om grundsärskolan. Studiens resultat visade att elever som var inkluderade i den vanliga skolan, och hade möjlighet att stanna kvar i den vanliga klassen, fick en bättre uppfattning av skolan. Om eleverna istället blev tvingade att delta på lektioner i en speciell skola, mot deras egen önskan, blev de blev besvikna, ledsna och frustrerade. Att dela upp elever från den vanliga klassen kunde få förödande konsekvenser, speciellt för personen som blev exkluderad från sina vänner. Resultatet visade också att personen som blev exkluderade från den vanliga skolan kände skam och ville inte tillhöra en grupp som blev särbehandlad. Som en lärare för elever med särskilda behov måste vi vara uppmärksamma på vad eleverna behöver istället för vad skolan erbjuder. Vi får inte glömma bort att alla våra beslut kommer att ha en påverkan på elevernas kommande liv.

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Brandt, Josef. „Temperature Dependent Size Exclusion Chromatography for Investigating Thermoreversibly Bonding Polymer Systems“. Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-207589.

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Polymers capable of thermally controlled reversible bonding reactions are promising candidates for stimuli responsive materials, as required for self-healing or drug delivery materials. In order to investigate how the dynamic reactions can be controlled, effective analytical tools are demanded that are capable of analyzing not only the polymers but can also monitor the respective bonding reactions. Herein, we employ size exclusion chromatography in a newly developed temperature dependent mode (TD SEC) for the in situ characterization of polymers that undergo retro Diels-Alder (rDA) reaction at temperatures higher than 60 °C. Monitoring the evolution of the molar mass distribution of the polymers during the rDA reaction and evaluating the data quantitatively gives detailed information about the extent of the reaction and allows elucidating structural parameters that can be used for controlling the polymers debonding behavior. In contrast to spectroscopic techniques, TD SEC analyzes only the size of the polymers, hence the polymers do not need to fulfill any particular requirements (e.g. presence of detectable functional groups) but only need to be soluble in the TD SEC, which makes the method universally applicable. Side effects that might bias the results are minimized by using a high temperature chromatograph that allows performing the analysis in a broad temperature range (60 – 200 °C) and in different solvents. Thus, the analysis can be performed under the exact conditions that are required for the bonding reactions and an in situ image is provided.

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Schielke, Hugo Josef. „The process of including the other patterns of interaction, meaning- and decision-making observed on the way to improved relationships with self and others /“. Oxford, Ohio : Miami University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=miami1272833580.

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Bermell, Måns. „Identification of Problem Gambling via Recurrent Neural Networks : Predicting self-exclusion due to problem gambling within the remote gambling sector by means of recurrent neural networks“. Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för fysik, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-159125.

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Under recent years the gambling industry has been moving towards providing their customer the possibility to gamble online instead of visiting a physical location. Aggressive marketing, fast growth and a multitude of actors within the market have resulted in a spike of customers who have developed a gambling problem. Decision makers are trying to fight back by regulating markets in order to make the companies take responsibility and work towards preventing these problems. One method of working proactively in this regards is to identify vulnerable customers before they develop a destructive habit. In this work a novel method of predicting customers that have a higher risk in regards to gambling-related problems is explored. More concretely, a recurrent neural network with long short-term memory cells is created to process raw behaviour data that are aggregated on a daily basis to classify them as high-risk or not. Supervised training is used in order to learn from historical data, where the usage of permanent self-exclusions due to gambling related problems defines problem gamblers. The work consists of: obtain a local optimal configuration of the network which enhances the performance for identifying problem gam- blers who favour the casino section over sports section, and analyze the model to provide insights in the field. This project was carried out together with LeoVegas Mobile Gaming Group. The group offers both online casino games and sports booking in a number of countries in Europe. This collaboration made both data and expertise within the industry accessible to perform this work. The company currently have a model in production to perform these predictions, but want to explore other approaches. The model that has been developed showed a significant increase in performance compared to the one that is currently used at the company. Specifically, the precision and recall which are two metrics important for a two class classification model, increased by 37% and 21% respectively. Using raw time series data, instead of aggregated data increased the responsiveness regarding customers change in behaviour over time. The model also scaled better with more history compared to the current model, which could be a result of the nature of a recurrent network compared to the current model used.

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Sartory, Elizabeth Anne. „Eliciting and foregrounding the voices of young people at risk of school exclusion : how does this change schools' perceptions of pupil disaffection?“ Thesis, University of Exeter, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/15829.

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This thesis comprises two papers. Paper One: Previous research in relation to young people who are at risk of school exclusion can be criticised for the lack of studies that truly elicit and foreground the voices of these young people within a school context. While retrospective studies have explored their views post exclusion, few have examined their perceptions within a mainstream context prior to exclusion. This can be explained in terms of the inherent difficulties of engaging disaffected young people with research, often attributed to a combination of poor language skills and negative perceptions of adults, and schools’ reluctance to foreground these voices. This paper reports how a participatory research method, which took into account the individual needs of disaffected young people, overcame these difficulties and succeeded in eliciting the voices of ten young people at risk of school exclusion within their mainstream context. Rich, meaningful and contextualised data were generated about disaffected young people’s perceptions of their mainstream school experiences. The data were thematically analysed and then interpreted using self determination theory (Ryan & Deci, 2000). This revealed that from young people’s perspectives the need for a sense of relatedness was more relevant than the need for a sense of autonomy. The need to feel competent only became relevant in certain subject contexts. Findings showed a more holistic and nuanced perspective of disaffection. The young people perceived their engagement to be context driven and, importantly, were able to view themselves as positively engaged with some aspects of school. This highlights the need for further research into disaffected young people’s voices regarding what they perceive to be positive engagement as this may differ from practitioners’ perceptions. Implications for practice are that Educational Psychologists (EPs) are well placed to foreground the voice of disaffected young people with practitioners. In so doing they help them make better sense of disaffected young people’s school experiences and enhance practitioners’ ability to support these young people. Paper Two: Interventions in relation to young people at risk of exclusion tend to be drawn from education practitioner views which focus on a particular perspective of disaffection such as within child or curricular factors. Consequently interventions are ‘done to’ rather than ‘with’ young people and lack an integrated, holistic approach. In this small case study the researcher facilitated an intervention with seven Learning Mentors (LMs) set within two different school contexts. The aim of the intervention was to engage LMs with the voice of disaffected young people. The LMs met in two groups over two months during which vignettes of disaffected young people’s voices were used as stimuli for prioritising, implementing and evaluating changes to current LM practice. LMs’ personal constructs of disaffected young people were elicited pre and post intervention. The findings reveal that when LMs are facilitated to engage with the voice of disaffected young people it can have a positive impact on their perceptions of those young people. The effectiveness of the impact was dependent on the context of the school, level of training received and the extent to which LMs engaged with the facilitative process. As this is one of few studies which have implemented an intervention to engage schools with the voice of disaffected young people, further research exploring whether the intervention could be replicated in other school contexts would be of value. This study adds to the body of knowledge on school disaffection in young people and indicates that EPs are well placed to manage facilitative processes aimed at engaging schools with the voices of disaffected young people. In doing so they support practitioners to broaden their understanding of these young people and, importantly, enable them to act on their voices.

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Montes, Daniela Cristina. „O significado da experiência de abrigo e a auto-imagem da criança em idade escolar“. Universidade de São Paulo, 2006. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/7/7133/tde-02102006-155956/.

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A experiência da criança em situação de abrigo pode dificultar o desenvolvimento de uma auto-imagem positiva quando o abrigo não atende os princípios estabelecidos por lei. Os valores, as crenças, as imagens, as atitudes e o conjunto de informações vividas na infância delineiam a imagem que a criança tem de si. Por isso, é necessário estudar em que medida o abrigo, em sua função de proteção, contribui, ou não, para a formação da auto-imagem da criança em situação de risco pessoal e social. Se, por um lado, a situação de abrigo pode evitar ou reduzir danos à criança que, no seio da família, se encontrava em situação de risco; por outro, pode causar prejuízos na formação da auto-imagem da criança. Assim, esse estudo teve o propósito de apreender o significado da experiência de abrigo para crianças em idade escolar e identificar referências sobre sua auto-imagem em seus relatos. Considerando os objetivos acima referidos, o método utilizado para desenvolver esta pesquisa foi de cunho descritivo e qualitativo. A escolha por este método deveu-se ao fato dele possibilitar a apreensão da realidade subjetiva de um grupo social. Para tanto, foram realizadas entrevistas com quatorze crianças em situação de abrigo. A organização dos dados permitiu identificar que o significado da experiência de abrigo está associado ao cotidiano, às relações com a família e com os cuidadores. Já a auto-imagem está associada à trajetória de vida, à visão do amigo, à imagem corporal e ao autoconceito. Os relatos das crianças referentes ao significado da experiência de abrigo mostraram ambivalência de sentimentos em relação à instituição. Elas não reconhecem o abrigo como sua casa, contudo percebem que ele atende melhor as necessidades materiais do que suas famílias. Elas sentem que, no abrigo, são cuidadas e protegidas, têm melhores oportunidades de aprendizagem e maior acesso ao lazer. Gostam da instituição, mas desejam que essa situação seja transitória e que possam retornar para casa. Ao mesmo tempo em que os limites impostos pelas rotinas e normas permitem que elas se sintam cuidadas e protegidas, eles causam descontentamento devido às repreensões e falta de liberdade. Os relatos referentes à auto-imagem mostraram que todas as experiências vivenciadas pela criança refletem em seu autoconceito e que, apesar de seu histórico de violência familiar, elas buscam mecanismos de enfrentamento que as permitem desenvolver uma auto-imagem positiva em algumas áreas. O estudo possibilitou compreender que não só a instituição exerce influência sobre a auto-imagem da criança, como esta também influencia a experiência de abrigo.
The experience of a child living in a shelter can hamper their development of a positive self-image when the shelter does not abide by the principles established in accordance with the law. Values, beliefs, images, attitudes and the entire set of information experienced in their childhood builds the image that the child has of them self. Therefore, it is necessary to study to what proportion the shelter, in its function as protection, contributes or not, to the formation of the child\'s self-image in situations involving personal and social risk. If on one hand, the shelter situation can prevent or reduce damage to the child who, in their own intimate family environment was in a risk situation; it on the other hand, can cause setbacks to the child\'s formation of self-image. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to learn the significance of such experiences in shelters for school-age children and to identify references about their self-images in their reports. Considering the objectives herein stated, the method used to develop this research was of a descriptive and qualitative nature. The choice of this method should be the fact that it allows us to understand the subjective reality of a social group. With this in mind, interviews of 14 children in the shelter situation were performed. The organization of this data enabled us to identify that the significance of the shelter experience is associated with everyday life, with family relationships and with the primary caregivers. And self-image is associated with each life history, how one is viewed by friends, with body image and with self-opinion. These children\'s reports, in regard to the significance of the shelter experience, showed an ambivalence of feelings toward the institution. They do not recognize the shelter as their home; however they understand that the institution meets their material needs much more than their own families do. They feel that at the shelter they are cared for and protected; have better opportunities for learning and higher access to leisure activities. They like the institution, but wish this situation were transitional with the possibility of returning to their homes. At the same time that the limits imposed by the routines and rules make these children feel cared for and protected, they also feel discontentment due to reprimands they receive and their lack of freedom. The reports regarding self-image showed that each and every experience lived by a child, reflects in their self-opinion and that, in spite of their history of family violence, they look for mechanisms to help them develop a positive self-image in some areas. This study enabled us to understand that not only the institution exercises influence on the self-image of children, but also the influence of the shelter experience affects their self-image.

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Neto, Sara Sofia Sabino. „Vida independente – um estudo comparado sobre pessoas com deficiência que vivem institucionalizadas ou na comunidade“. Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Ciências Sociais e Políticas, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/19493.

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Dissertação de Mestrado em Política Social
Esta dissertação de mestrado pretende compreender qual é a perceção das pessoas com deficiência sobre a vida familiar e institucional, recolhendo informação sobre os desafios e oportunidades com os quais estas pessoas se deparam na concretização de uma vida independente. Procura assim, responder à seguinte questão de partida: Qual a perceção das pessoas adultas com deficiência, que se encontram institucionalizadas ou a residir com a família de origem, sobre as oportunidades e desafios à sua autodeterminação? Para responder a esta questão de partida foram realizadas vinte entrevistas a pessoas com deficiência, a viver em contexto institucional e familiar, em região urbana e rural. Os resultados obtidos revelam que tanto nas instituições como na família a autodeterminação das pessoas com deficiência está comprometida. Revelam ainda que a maioria dos/as entrevistados/as a viver em instituição se sentem conformados com a institucionalização por falta de alternativas, e que a vida em meio rural se distingue da vida em meio urbano pela escassez de serviços, nomeadamente de saúde, embora em meio urbano, apesar de leque de serviços de saúde ser mais vasto, os serviços disponíveis não se encontram adaptados às necessidades das pessoas com deficiência Tanto em meio urbano, como em meio rural, as barreiras arquitetónicas são uma realidade que dificulta a vida das pessoas com deficiência. Este estudo identificou também uma elevada incidência de relatos de violência e discriminação praticados sobre as pessoas com deficiência entrevistadas.
This master's dissertation aims to understand the perception of people with disabilities about family and institutional life, gathering information about the challenges and opportunities they face and having as research question: : What is the perception of adults with disabilities, who are institutionalized or living with their family of origin, about the opportunities and challenges to their self-determination? To address this question, twenty interviews were conducted with people with disabilities, living in an institutional and family context, in urban and rural areas. Findings suggest that, both in the institutions and in the family, the self-determination of people with disabilities is compromised; Interviewees living in institutions feel resigned to the life they have in institution due to lack of alternatives; The rural environment tends to be characterized by a lack of health services; The urban environment, despite having a wider range of health services, some of these services are not adapted for people with disabilities. In both urban and rural areas, architectural barriers are a present reality.and this makes life difficult for people with disabilities.In both urban and rural areas, architectural barriers are a reality, and this make life difficult for people with disabilities. The study also found a high number of reports of violence and discrimination among the interviewees.
N/A

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Kennedy, Gary John. „The Influence of Academic Values and Belongingness Concerns on Achievement Goals, Self-Efficacy, and Perceived Stress in First Quarter Freshmen: Relationships to Academic Performance and the Mediating Role of Procrastination“. Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1244143410.

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Silva, Marcia Moreira da. „Trilhas do caminhar: as contribuições do currículo escolar na formação e auto formação de uma Pedagoga“. Universidade Federal da Paraíba, 2012. http://tede.biblioteca.ufpb.br:8080/handle/tede/4713.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
This work grew out of my need to understand the processes that give meaning to my academic trajectory. Since graduating, I was provoked by one of my teachers to write about my memories of learning. At the time, it seemed a meaningless activity. But, as time went by, the idea started to get my attention and I sought to understand, if, indeed, there is a distance between theory and practice. During the dissertation orientation sessions, we considered the possibility of contextualizing my experiences of teaching and learning in light of inclusion policies as something challenging and at the same time thought-provoking, because of its innovative nature. Having accepted the challenge, I chose core research questions that I attempt to respond to in this dissertation, such as: how did I become an educator? What are the challenges in the Brazilian educational scenario that characterize the process of inclusion/exclusion? In face of the questions raised, the main goal of this research is to develop an (auto) biographical account of my learning experiences as a visually impaired person who experienced the everyday challenges of inclusion/exclusion at school. The guiding axis of this dissertation departs from my experiences within the family and at school and it is based on a process of listening to the people who have contributed to this process of development and self-development, like my family, my teachers and colleagues who shared learning experiences with me. In short, I want to analyze the teaching and learning processes experienced by me, assessing the contributions of the school curriculum to the training and (self-) training processes through which I have become a pedagogue. Methodologically, I will use life stories derived from oral and written sources (documents). As an operational strategy, I take the (auto) biographical perspective, since my life experiences are considered the trails of my trajectory, and by walking through those trails, I will recollect the contributions of school curriculum to my training and self-training process.
O presente trabalho surgiu da minha necessidade de compreender as marcas que dão sentido a minha trajetória acadêmica. Desde a graduação, fui provocada por uma das minhas professoras para escrever sobre minhas memórias de aprendizagem. Na ocasião, pareceu uma atividade sem sentido. Mas, com o tempo fui amadurecendo a ideia e busquei compreender, se, de fato, há distanciamento entre teoria e prática. Nas sessões de orientação da dissertação cogitamos a possibilidade de contextualizar meu percurso de ensino e aprendizagem no âmbito das políticas de inclusão como algo desafiador e, ao mesmo tempo, instigante devido seu caráter inovador. Desafio aceito elegi questões centrais de pesquisa que tento responder nesta dissertação, entre elas: Como me tornei pedagoga? Quais os desafios no cenário educacional brasileiro que caracterizam o processo de inclusão/exclusão? Diante das questões postas, o objetivo principal dessa pesquisa é (auto) biografar as minhas experiências de aprendizagem como deficiência visual, que viveu no cotidiano escolar os desafios da inclusão/exclusão. O eixo norteador desta dissertação parte de minhas vivências no seio familiar e escolar a partir de um processo de escuta das pessoas que contribuíram para este processo de formação e (auto)formação como a minha família, meus professores e professoras e colegas que compartilhei as experiências de aprendizagem. Em síntese, pretendo analisar os processos de ensino e aprendizagem vivenciados por mim, avaliando as contribuições do currículo escolar no meu processo de formação e (auto) formação que me tornaram uma pedagoga. Metodologicamente, utilizarei as histórias de vida centradas em fontes orais e escritas(documentos). Como estratégia operacional parto do método (auto) biográfico, uma vez que as minhas experiências de vida se constituem as trilhas do meu caminhar e, neste caminhar, vou resgatando as contribuições do currículo escolar no meu processo de formação e (auto)formação.

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Soler, Alejandro, und Ulrika Thimmig. „Avtalsgodkännande på Facebook : En kvalitativ studie kring varför den enskilda individen ignorerar det elektroniska avtalet“. Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för informatik och media, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-167297.

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Around the year 2007, several news segments appeared in the Swedish media with focus on the social website Facebook. At the time, an increasing number of people in Sweden started to join the social platform and accepted the terms of contract to get access of the website, without further consideration of what they were agreeing to. This resulted in some private individuals felt violated when it turned out that major points of the contract entail that user’s private information, photos, videos and other publications that was shared on the website, were considered property of Facebook cooperation. Even though this incident made users more aware of what they should, and should not publish on the website, the episode did not result in users closing there accounts on Facebook. On the contrary, today the social platform has more users opening private accounts then before, and it is even attracting older age groups. It seems as if the general public are aware of the importance of being online and a part of the culture surrounding the Internet. It appears as if most people are ready to accept and sign different electronic contracts without considering the possible consequences that may follow, as long as it means that they can be part of today’s digital and information society. Very few read the contract before signing it, and we want to know why that is. Is it really that simple that the public is being too lazy to read through longer texts? We do not believe it is that straightforward. We therefore wish to find out why people tend to not read the contracts on Facebook, and research if there may be a sociological reason behind it. We would also like to see if there is a difference in how younger and older Facebook-users are handling the contract. To find out the answers to our question formulation we used a qualitative method where we carried out two focus groups and six personal interviews to obtain field data that we later compared with Anthony Gidden’s theories on the modern society. Four thematical questions were the basis of the analysis. The four thematical questions that were used are the following; Habits and behaviour patterns, inclusion and exclusion, the self and trust, and age differences. Our final results showed us that the reason of why people tend to not read the terms of use can be explained through the modern society that has changed the normative global communication, to the extent that the private individual no longer reflexes over the short comings of not reading electronic agreements. In conclusion, our research has shown that the general public does not read the Facebook agreement since they simply do not care about it. The risks of modern society have convinced us that terms of agreements and contracts in general should not be bothered with. The excessive need of swapping and gaining information and belonging to a group is more important than critically handling agreements.
Runt år 2007 rapporterade flera nyhetsreportage inom den svenska median om den sociala medieplattformen Facebook. Vid tillfället, började ett stigande antal personer i Sverige bli medlem inom den sociala plattformen och accepterade hemsidans användarvillkor utan större övervägande om vad de gav sitt medtycke till. Detta resulterade i att några privatpersoner kände sig kränkta när det visade sig att några av de främsta villkoren inom kontraktet innebar att privat information, foton, videos och andra publiceringar som delades på hemsidan ansågs tillhöra företaget Facebook. Trots att denna händelse gjorde användare mer uppmärksamma kring vad det borde, och inte borde, dela med sig på hemsidan, resulterade inte episoden i att användare stängde ned sina konton. Tvärtom fick den sociala plattformen fler användare som öppnade privata konton nu än tidigare. Det verkar som om allmänheten är medvetna om vikten att vara online och en del av Internetkulturen. Av denna anledning verkar det som om många är villiga att acceptera och skriva på olika elektroniska kontrakt utan att överväga de potentiella konsekvenserna de kan medföra att vara en del av dagens digitala och informativa samhälle. Väldigt få läser kontrakten innan de skriver under det, och vi vill veta varför det är så. Är det verkligen så enkelt att allt handlar om att allmänheten är för lata för att läsa igenom långa texter. Vi tror inte att det är så entydigt. Vi önskar därför att förstå varför folk tenderar att inte läsa kontrakten på Facebook, och undersöka om det finns en sociologisk anledning bakom det hela. Vi skulle också vilja se om det finns skillnader i hur unga och äldre Facebook-användare behandlar kontraktet. För att få fram svar till vår frågeställning använder vi en kvalitativ metod där vi har utfört två fokusgrupper och sex forskningsintervjuer för att erhålla fältdata som vi senare kan jämföra med Anthony Giddens teorier om det moderna samhället. Fyra tematiska frågor var basen till vår analys. De fyra tematiska frågorna som användes var följande; vanor och beteendemönster, inkludering och exkludering, självet & tillit, och åldersskillnader. Att vi inte läser avtal, förklaras således genom att moderniteten helt enkelt har förändrat den normativa globala kommunikationen i den mån att den enskilda individen inte ens längre reflekterar över bristerna kring att inte utläsa ett enskilt avtal som ett påtagligt problem. Resultatet från denna undersökning är att vi inte läser avtal, för att vi inte bryr oss om det. Modernitetens riskpaket har övertygat oss, om att avtalshanteringen inte är något som vi bör engagera energi och kritiska tankegångar åt. Och behovet utav informationsutbyte och grupptillhörighet blir viktigare frågor än kritisk avtalshantering.

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Nierdele, Michele Andréa. „Inclusão digital e restrições de acesso à tecnologia: o caso dos terminais de auto-atendimento bancário“. reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/16884.

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Investiga a percepção dos usuários sobre a usabilidade do sistema de auto-atendimento bancário. Contextualiza as TIC e a sua utilização no cenário sócio-econômico e cultural da contemporaneidade, alertando para a gravidade do problema da exclusão digital e a importância da usabilidade na promoção da inclusão. Destaca aspectos da sociedade da informação e as transformações ocorridas no cenário mundial em áreas como educação e trabalho. Aborda o problema de forma qualitativa. Como instrumentos de coleta de dados utiliza o levantamento bibliográfico e a entrevista semi-estruturada. Evidencia a pesquisa empírica realizada na Agência Chapecó, da Caixa Econômica Federal, em Chapecó-SC, que além dos usuários do sistema de auto-atendimento bancários, abrange atendentes e representante da instituição financeira. Conclui que os usuários enfrentam problemas na utilização dos referidos equipamentos e as dificuldades percebidas pelos entrevistados indicam a necessidade de melhorias na usabilidade dos terminais, como também, reforçam as considerações sobre os processos de inclusão digital, que devem priorizar muito mais do que a mera disponibilização das Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação para as pessoas. As conclusões remetem à gravidade do problema da exclusão digital e à necessidade de iniciativas eficazes para combatê-lo.
Investigates the perception of users on the usability of the system of self-service banking. Context and use of ICT in socio-economic scenario and the contemporary cultural, warning of the seriousness of the problem of digital exclusion and the importance of usability in promoting inclusion. Highlights aspects of the information society and the changes in the world in areas such as education and work. Addresses the problem in quality. As instruments for data collection using the bibliography and semi-structured interview. Shows the empirical research conducted in the Agency Chapecó, the Caixa Economica Federal in-Chapecó SC, that apart from users of the system of self-service banking, covers attendants and representative of the financial institution. That users face problems in the use of such equipment and the difficulties perceived by the interviewees indicated the need for improvements in usability of the terminal, but also reinforce the considerations on the processes of digital inclusion, which should prioritize more than the mere provision of Information and Communication Technologies for people. The conclusions refer to the seriousness of the problem of digital exclusion and the need for effective initiatives to combat it.

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Doebber, Michele Barcelos. „Reconhecer-se diferente é a condição de entrada : tornar-se igual é a estratégia de permanência: das práticas institucionais à constituição de estudantes cotistas negros na UFRGS“. reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/37379.

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A presente investigação objetiva analisar como as práticas institucionais postas em funcionamento pela Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) vêm operando na inclusão dos estudantes autodeclarados negros, nela ingressantes através do Programa de Ações Afirmativas, e quais os efeitos dessas práticas na constituição dos estudantes. Para tanto esta dissertação apresenta um estudo qualitativo na perspectiva dos Estudos Culturais em Educação em sua vertente pós-estruturalista, selecionando algumas ferramentas analíticas tais como as noções de identidade, diferença e in/exclusão. Também analisa práticas institucionais através de mapeamento de projetos acadêmicos, de registros em diário de campo e de entrevistas realizadas com estudantes, gestores e professores coordenadores de curso. A partir dos temas que emergiam do material empírico, três unidades analíticas são construídas, chegando-se às seguintes contribuições para pensar a Universidade, hoje, e os movimentos inclusivos nesse espaço. A primeira unidade – Tornar-se igual para permanecer na Universidade – apresenta que, mesmo sendo necessário o estudante reconher-se como diferente para ingressar através da política de reserva de vagas, a condição para permanecer e ter sucesso na Universidade depende de um esforço constante para tornar-se igual. Tal processo ocorre através de mecanismos de normalização que posicionam os sujeitos em um gradiente de in/exclusão. A segunda unidade – (Des) encaixe: a UFRGS não é pra mim! ou Das (im) possibilidades de estar na UFRGS – mostra que práticas de in/exclusão, ao gerarem fronteiras que posicionam socialmente os sujeitos, levam muitas vezes os estudantes a sentirem-se “fora de lugar”, ao mesmo tempo em que querem pertencer a esse espaço. Com dificuldades de se encaixarem ao perfil exigido, os estudantes que ingressam por uma política que se pretende inclusiva vivenciam ao mesmo tempo processos de exclusão. Além disso, a ausência de ações efetivas que visem à promoção de outras formas de permanência voltadas para esses novos sujeitos acadêmicos pode indicar a existência de algumas práticas de racismo institucional. A terceira unidade – Rachaduras/frestas/fissuras: provocando outros modos de ser da Universidade e de o aluno estar aqui – apresenta práticas institucionais que, pautadas na abertura para a conversa e na tentativa de novas metodologias de ensino-aprendizagem, podem, ao tensionar as disposições de poder, promover rupturas nos modos de ser da Universidade e de se estar nela. Ao se relacionarem de outra forma com os tempos e espaços acadêmicos, os estudantes exercem práticas de resistência que também desacomodam o modus operandi da UFRGS. Parecem residir nessas práticas as principais potências transformadoras das ações afirmativas na Universidade.
This paper aims to analyze how current institutional practices of the Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) operate in the enrollment of students self-declared as black through the Affirmative Action Program, and how these practices are affecting the student constitution. This thesis presents a qualitative study using a Cultural Studies perspective on Education from its post-structuralist branch and implements analytic tools such as the notions of identity, difference and in/exclusion. It also analysis institutional practices through mapping college projects, data from a field diary and interviews conducted with students, managers and coordinating professors of two majors. Based on the empirical data, three analytical segments are suggested about the college and its movement toward inclusion. The first segment – Tornar-se igual para permanecer na Universidade [To become equal to remain at UFRGS] – suggests that students can be more successful when they recognize themselves as different and are constantly struggling to be equal. Such a process occurs through normalizing mechanisms that position the subjects in a scenario of in/exclusion. The second segment – (Des) encaixe: a UFRGS não é pra mim! ou Das (im) possibilidades de estar na UFRGS [(Un-) conformity: UFRGS is not for me! or On the (im-) possibilities of being at UFRGS] – shows that social barriers and practices of in/exclusion can make students feel out of place. Students who enter the college through these inclusive policies can actually experience exclusion and feel different as a result of these policies. Beyond this, there may be evidence of institutional racism in the lack of effective programs to promote student retention among these new higher education students. The third segment – Rachaduras/frestas/fissuras: provocando outros modos de ser da Universidade e de o aluno estar aqui [Chaps/gaps/fissures: provoking different ways of being UFRGS and different ways of students being at it] – suggests new methodologies of teaching and learning which can influence the students' experience at college, related to dynamics of power and privilege. When the students relate differently to the college environment and schedule, they practice forms of resistance that disturb the college's modus operandi. Perhaps the main transforming power of the affirmative action policies at UFRGS is contained within these subtle forms of student resistance.

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Ferreira, Oranice. „Estudo de doadores de sangue com sorologia reagente para hepatites B e C, HIV e sífilis no Hemocentro de Ribeirão Preto“. Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/17/17139/tde-18032008-140000/.

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Uma das maiores preocupações relacionadas a segurança transfusional é a possibilidade de transmissão de doenças infecciosas atraves de sangue transfundido, entre as quais se encontram as hepatites B e C, o HIV e a sífilis. Este trabalho teve como objetivo estudar doadores que passaram pelo processo de seleção pré-doação no Hemocentro de Ribeirão Preto e apresentaram resultados de testes sorológicos positivos para essas doenças/infecções.Estudou-se a frequencia dos resultados positivos entre os individuos que doaram sangue no hemocentro de Ribeirão Preto ou em seu posto de Coleta Central,de 1o.de julho de 2005 a 31 de julho de 2006. Os indivíduos com resultados sorológicos positivos confirmados em um segundo teste foram caracterizados segundo algumas variáveis demográficas e socioeconomicas, tendo sido identificados seus fatores de risco e as causas determinantes de sua não-detecção na triagem clínica (TC). Estudaram-se também o comportamento de doadores em relação a auto-exclusão confidencial (AEC) e os fatores determinantes desse comportamento. Participaram da pesquisa 106 doadores, predominantemente do sexo masculino e casados, com menos de 40 anos de idade e baixa escolaridade. Eram principalmente doadores de primeira vez, procedentes de Ribeirão Preto e da região de Ribeirão Preto e pertencentes aos estratos econômicos C e D. As frequencias de marcadores sorologicos positivos encontradas foram: 0,07% para o HBsAg; 0,03% para o anti-HIV; 0,13% para o VDRL; 0,21 para o anti-HCV. Cerca de 40% dos participantes assumiram ter omitido fatores de risco na TC. Os motivos mencionados foram: não se sentir a vontade para falar ou não achar relevante fazê-lo; confiar totalmente nos exames; ter como objetivo conhecer sua condição sorológica; encontrar problemas relacionados a entrevista/triador; não confiar no sigilo das informações; sentir constrangimento diante de acompanhantes. Apenas 1,9% dos participantes utilizaram a AEC, e as justificativas alegadas foram: estar se sentindo bem e, por isso, não julgar necessário; não se considerar de risco;não achar que tivesse mentido na entrevista. Os achados indicam a necessidade de mudar a abordagem dos doadores na TC, de rever os procedimentos de captação de doadores e de reavaliar profundamente os procedimentos de orientação/conscientização dos candidatos a doação, procurando tornar esses procedimentos mais eficazes.
One of the main concerns related to the safety of transfusion is the possibility of diseases/infections transmitted through blood transfusion,amongst which we may include B and C hepatitis, HIV and syphilis.This paper aimed at studying the donors who have undergone the pre-donation selection at Blood Center of Ribeirao Preto and have presented positive serological results for theses diseases/infections.We have studied the frequency of positive results amongst the individuals who have donate blood at Blood Center of Ribeirao Preto and at the Central Collection Unit, from July 1st 2005 to July 31st 2006. The individuals who have had their positive serological results confirmed at a second test were classified according to demographic and socioeconomic variables, the risk factors present amongst them were identified, as well as the determinant causes for detection failure at the clinical screening. A study on the donors\' behavior towards the confidential self-exclusion process and the determinant factors that caused such behavior was also carried out. The research reached 106 donors, most of whom were males, married, under 40 and with low level of education. Most of them were first-time donors from the City of Ribeirão Preto and surrounding towns, belonging to the C and D economic classes. The frequencies of the serological markers were: 0,07% to HbsAg; 0,03% to anti-HIV; 0,13% to VDRL; 0,21 to anti-HCV. Around 40% of the participants affirmed having omitted risk factors at the clinical screening (CS). The reasons mentioned were the following: feeling unease to talk about it or not finding it relevant; relying completely on test results; having the aim of being aware of their real serological condition; issues related to the interview or screener; lack of trust in the confidentiality of the information he/she would give; feeling constrained in the presence of their companions. Only 1.9% of the participants used the confidential self-exclusion process, and the reasons given as justifications were: being feeling well and therefore not finding it necessary; not considering himself/herself a risk; not agreeing that he/she had lied during the interview. The findings indicate the necessity of changes as to the approach to donors at the CS, the need of a review of the procedures carried out to motivate people to become donors, and a deep revaluation of the procedures for orientation/awareness by candidates as to donation, aiming at turning them more effective.

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Johansson, Åhed Fredrik. „"Daglig dator" : Combating computer anxiety through daily online exercises“. Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för informatik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-172720.

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It’s well known that the contemporary rapid development of technology has created a digital divide between those who adopt and use the emerging digital services, and those who don’t. The ones who fail to adapt to the new digital society, is at great risk of being completely excluded from it, which strips away both social, health related and economical opportunities. These people are often seniors, and multiple factors weigh in on their non-participation. One of the more common factors are technology relates stress, and in extension, computer anxiety. While there exists literature on how to reduce computer anxiety, it’s often linked to physical training courses that the user can sign up for. The purpose of this study is to explore a completely digital solution, based upon the loose principles identified by Dos Santos and Santana (2018). This is done through the creation and evaluation of a senior-oriented website, that offers the user daily exercises in basic computer management, knowledge, and safety, with the goal of reducing computer anxiety. The results show both that the principles indeed can be used as design guidelines, and that my design has potential, although some adjustments have to be made.

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Chibane, Ibtissem. „Les mères célibataires en Algérie, entre précarité et exclusion : « cette petite graine qui a germé en moi »“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022UBFCC026.

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Déjà handicapée par l’environnement (patriarcat, société islamique, etc.), la femme algérienne souffre, au départ, d’inégalités et d’un statut inférieur à celui de l’homme. Des combats de dignité et de justice lancés dans les années 1990 ont pourtant permis quelques avancées dans le domaine de la protection de ses droits, mais restent très insuffisants.Si elle a le malheur d’aller à l’encontre des codes ancestraux tracés pour faire d’elle la garante de l’honneur de la famille, elle sera doublement punie. Mère célibataire, elle connaîtra le traumatisme d’une grossesse non voulue, l’auto-exclusion du cercle familial, la solitude, la déchéance, la précarité, ou dans le pire des cas un crime d’honneur pouvant sauver l’honorabilité de la famille bafouée. 51 mères célibataires nous ont confié leur parcours, leurs angoisses, leur espoir de s’en sortir, et à notre tour, nous avons analysé leurs témoignages, pour essayer de comprendre cette thématique, vérifier des postulats, ce qui nous a permis de confirmer que jeunes, sans instruction, venant d’un milieu rural ou précaire, elles auront le malheur de connaître la maternité hors mariage. L’abandon du bébé sera une autre confirmation d’un autre postulat. Leur parcours de vie nous a aussi donné l’occasion de nous focaliser sur des thèmes adjacents, comme le tabou qu’on a défini comme autre facteur d’exclusion, l’indicible qu’il conviendrait de rompre pour mieux s’en sortir, la résilience, seul moyen de se reconstruire. On s’est aussi intéressé à l’aide des associations, à l’adoption des enfants abandonnés, aux crimes d’honneur. La maternité célibataire est un parcours de vie individuel faisant suite à la rupture d'un contrat ancestral non écrit, fait par les hommes, pour les hommes, et au détriment des femmes, pour garantir l'honorabilité d'une communauté. Ce parcours individuel deviendra un fait de société, engageant des institutions étatiques, des associations, des mouvements de femmes, des journalistes, des intellectuels, etc. Mais aussi d'autres mouvements qui font tout pour mettre à mal les quelques avancées et retarder les autres combats. Mais un combat essentiel a déjà été gagné : rendre public un débat tabou, et donner aux femmes ce nouveau souffle de lutte pour leurs droits et l'amélioration de leur statut
Already handicapped by the environment (patriarchy, Islamic society, etc.), Algerian woman initially suffered from inequalities and a status inferior to that of man. Battles for dignity and justice launched in the 90s have allowed some progress in the protection of their rights, but remain very insufficient.If she goes against the ancestral codes traced, making her the guarantor of the honor of the family, she will be doubly punished. She will experience the trauma of an unwanted pregnancy, self-exclusion from the family circle, loneliness, forfeiture, precariousness, for many others, prostitution, or in the worst case, an honor killing that could save the reputation of her violated family.51 single mothers told us about their story, their anguish, their hopes of getting out of it, and in our turn, we analyzed their testimonies, to understand the theme, to verify the postulates which allowed us to confirm that younger, without education, coming from a rural or a precarious environment, they will have the misfortune to experience motherhood out of the marriage. The abandonment of the baby will be another confirmation of another postulate.Their life course also gave us the opportunity to go over adjacent themes, such as the taboo that we have defined as another factor of exclusion, the unspeakable that must be broken in order to get out of it better, resilience, the only way to rebuild herself. We also skimmed over related subjects such as the help of associations, the adoption of abandoned children, and unfortunately other more dramatic life courses, such as prostitution, or worse, honor killings to avenge the affront of the dishonor brought to the family.Single motherhood is an individual life course following the breaking of an unwritten ancestral contract, made by men, for men, and to the detriment of women, to guarantee the honor of a community. This individual course will become a fact of society, involving state institutions, associations, women's movements, journalists, intellectuals, etc. But also retrograde movements that do everything to stop the few advances and delay the other fights. But an essential fight has already been won: making public a taboo debate, and giving women this new breath of struggle for their rights and the improvement of their equalitarian status

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Linde, Nina. „Upplevelsen av självstigmatisering och stigmas effekter på tillvaron hos patienter med psykossjukdom : En litteraturöversikt“. Thesis, Ersta Sköndal högskola, Institutionen för vårdvetenskap, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:esh:diva-6379.

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Background: It´s obvious that stigma reduces life opportunities and make people act throughout an outcast role. Stigma enters spheres where it is made up to protect a group, but only results in painful feelings for the vulnerable. Individuals suffering from psychosis are exposed to discrimination because of fear and prejudices. These are applied upon individuals whereas they stigmatize themselves. Aim: To investigate the experience of self-stigma and stigmas effects on life for patients suffering from psychosis. Method: 24 scientific articles have been used and analyzed together with Whittemore and Knalfs integrative method (2005) for the result in this literature review. After formulating a problem literature has been searched, evaluated, and analyzed in four steps which are presented. The literature was found through databases, free searching compounds and through references. As a theoretic framework the figure Existentiell ensamhet hos personer med psykiska funktionshinder from the doctoral Berättelser om ensamhetens vardag has been used. Results: The psychiatric contact, to be a psychiatric patient and being labeled with a psychiatric diagnosis affected the way individuals labeled themselves. Individuals wanted to be seen as unique and listened to. The diagnosis contributed to feelings of shame and affected self-esteem and self-ability. Through acceptance of the disease participants could become something different than just a patient in the psychiatric services. Through other people the participant’s self-image could be built up. Social stigmas were described in all levels of society and also within the family. Relationships were important and a link to live a normal life and recover. Normality was desirable and said to occur through activities such as work and studies. Discussion: Was discussed through relevant research and Anette Erdners figure Existentiell ensamhet hos personer med psykiska funktionshinder from the doctoral Berättelser om ensamhetens vardag.

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Rodenstedt, Ann. „Living in the calm and safe part of the city : The socio-spatial reproduction of upper-middle class neighbourhoods in Malmö“. Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutet för bostads- och urbanforskning (IBF), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-237883.

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When residential segregation is mentioned in news coverage and when it is talked about in everyday discourse in Sweden, it is very often associated with immigration and minority groups living in the poorer areas of the city. A common assumption is that “immigrants” actively withdraw from society and that they choose to live together rather than integrating with the majority population. This study, however, argues that discussions about segregation cannot be limited to the areas where minorities and poorer-income groups live, but must understand segregation as a process occurring in the whole system of urban neighbourhoods. In order to reach a more complete understanding of the ways in which segregation processes are at work in contemporary Swedish cities, knowledge is needed about the inhabitants with greater resources and power to choose their dwellings and residential areas. The neighbourhood choices of more privileged groups, and the socio-spatial reproduction of the areas of the upper-middle class, are investigated by applying a qualitative ethnographic framework. The thesis studies two neighbourhoods located in the post-industrial city of Malmö: Victoria Park, a US-inspired “lifestyle community” which is the first of its kind in Sweden, and Bellevue, older but still one of the most exclusive and high-status neighbourhoods in the city. In order to understand self-segregation among privileged groups, the study especially scrutinises the concepts of class and security as well as the impacts of neoliberalisation on the Swedish housing market. The main argument of the study is that the self-segregation by members of the upper-middle class demonstrates a rift which runs through the urban fabric of Malmö, splintering the city up into perceived separate worlds. The existence of physical, symbolic and social boundaries in Victoria Park and Bellevue reproduces these neighbourhoods as exclusive, private and tranquil spaces of the upper-middle class. By locating themselves in the calm and safe part of the city, the upper-middle class can buy security as a commodity, rather than relying on the welfare state to provide it for them.

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Chevalier, Julie. „Vivre avec un chien. Étude en psychologie clinique de la relation à l'animal à partir des cliniques psychosociales et des effets du contre-transfert social. Proposition des concepts de compagnon de relation paradoxal et d'objet social de la rue“. Thesis, Normandie, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NORMR113.

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Les personnes SDF et leurs chiens restent à la marge de la majorité des dispositifs sociaux et sont l’objet d’un contre-transfert social généralement négatif. L’objectif de ce travail est de comprendre pourquoi certaines personnes ont des chiens dans la rue. En s’appuyant sur un référentiel psychanalytique, cette recherche se fonde sur les discours d’acteurs rencontrés sur le terrain et sur des entretiens semi-directifs réalisés auprès de neuf SDF possédant au moins un chien, rencontrés au sein d’un CAARUD et d’un CHRS. Les entretiens ont été traités à l’aide de l’analyse de contenu (Bardin, 1977 ; Castarède, 1983) et d’une analyse clinique de cas (Castro, 2005 ; Pedinielli, 2005). Les résultats soulèvent un paradoxe. D’une part, le chien apparaît notamment comme un support d’étayage aux besoins du moi (Roussillon, 2008a); comme un objet de relation (Gimenez, 2002) et la relation à l’animal comme une voie d’accès à l’aire transitionnelle (Winnicott, 1971b) où œuvrent les processus d’identification projective normale et d’identification introjective (Bion, 1962, 1967). D’autre part, cette relation peut incarner une défense psychique contre une souffrance psychosociale et une stratégie de survie conduisant, paradoxalement, ces personnes à se suradapter à leurs conditions de vie délétères sans pouvoir le penser. Seules une véritable préoccupation sociétale et des prises en charges adaptées pourront soutenir le chien comme un moyen par lequel le sujet peut négocier sa souffrance psychique, son identité et développer sa subjectivité. Comprendre cette relation implique par ailleurs une approche en santé mentale, soucieuse des ressources du sujet et de son environnement
Homeless people and their dogs remain on the fringe of most social structures and are subject to a generally negative social counter-transference. This study aims at a better understanding of why some people living on the street have a dog. Within a psychoanalytical frame of reference, this research is based on speeches of actors encountered on the field and includes semi-directive interviews conducted on nine homeless people possessing at least one dog encountered in a CAARUD and a CHRS. A content analysis (Bardin, 1977; Castarède, 1983; Pedinielli, 2009) was conducted on all these interviews. The nine dog owners were each object of a clinical case study (Castro, 2005; Pedinielli, 2005; Schauder, 2012; Thurin, 2012). The results showed a paradox. On the one hand, the dog appeared as a way of supporting the needs of the ego (Roussillon, 2008a) and as an object of relation (Gimenez, 2002). Similarly the relationship with the animal appeared as a means of gaining access to the transitional area (Winnicott, 1971b) where processes of normal projective identification and introjective identification develop (Bion, 1962, 1967). On the other hand, this relationship may embody a psychic defense against psychosocial suffering and a survival strategy paradoxically leading these people to unconsciously over-adapt to their nefarious living conditions. Only real societal concern and appropriate care can support the dog as a way for the subject to become a real subject and for him a way to soothe the psychical pain and shore up his identity. Understanding this relationship also implies using a mental health approach, taking into account the resources of the subject and his environment

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Luczak, Urs. „Ambivalenz der Ausgrenzung“. Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2010. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-qucosa-61628.

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Die Arbeit beschreibt im Kontext eines gesellschaftspolitischen und sozialräumlichen Wandels Prozesse der Ausgrenzung benachteiligter Bevölkerungsgruppen am Beispiel eines Marginalviertels, der Villa Itatí in Buenos Aires. In Form der Beschreibung der Effekte des Lebensortes Villa Itatí, der Effekte seines materiell-physischen Substrates, seiner Sozialstruktur sowie seines symbolischen Systems, sollen die ambivalenten Wirkungen einer Ausgrenzung dargestellt werden. Der Lebensort wird als Beschränkung und gleichzeitige Ressource gesellschaftlicher Teilhabe bewertet. Als Planer in einem städtebaulichen und soziologischen Verständnis erfasse ich damit den Status Quo als Ausgangslage, um darauf aufbauend Möglichkeiten und Grenzen einer verändernden, integrativen Planung zu erörtern. Die Erkenntnisse aus einem fremdkulturellen Kontext sollen dabei in die hiesige Diskussion um Ausgrenzung bzw. um Quartiere der Ausgrenzung eingebunden werden. Die vorhandenen Daten basieren zum überwiegenden Teil auf einem Feldforschungsaufenthalt vor Ort. Sie wurden mittels einer Kombination verschiedener qualitativer Methoden erhoben: einer teilnehmenden Beobachtung im Feld im Sinne einer ethnographischen Feldforschung, ergänzt durch leitfadengestützte Interviews mit Bewohnern und Schlüsselfiguren des Viertels sowie verschiedenen externen Experten mit professioneller Beziehung zur Villa Itatí. Daneben wurde, gleichbedeutend, die räumliche Gestalt und Einbindung sowie die infrastrukturelle Ausstattung des Viertels im Sinne einer städtebaulichen Bestandsaufnahme kartiert und durch Fotografie illustriert. Ergänzt werden die vor Ort erhobenen Daten durch eine Auswertung von Zeitungsartikeln zur Villa Itatí sowie einer Sekundäranalyse vorhandener Datenquellen.

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Roebuck, Benjamin S. „Exclusion and Resilience: Exploring the Decision-Making Processes of Young People Who Are Homeless“. Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/30710.

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Young people who are homeless experience adversity, but many are able to overcome the challenges of street life and transition back into housing. This exploratory, qualitative research draws on the narratives from interviews and focus groups with 35 young people who have experienced homelessness, as well as interviews and focus groups with 30 service providers working in youth shelters and a youth drop-in centre. Exploring themes of victimization, criminal offending, police involvement, and interactions with community services, this research highlights the capacities of young people to navigate around obstacles and negotiate to meet their needs. Integrating symbolic interactionism and social constructivist perspectives, this research explores the importance of micro-level interactions and perceptions, as well as the contexts that frame the decision-making processes of young people passing through homelessness. The implications of these perspectives are discussed within the framework of resilience discourse.

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Du, Pei-Yuan, und 杜佩圜. „Social Exclusion Enhances Self-Improvement Consumption? Influences of Implicit Self-Theory and Self-Construal“. Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/92du7f.

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碩士
國立中山大學
企業管理學系研究所
107
Social exclusion is a common but threatening experience of being rejected, isolated or having a friendship or romantic relationship end. Previous research suggest that social exclusion influences subsequent consumer behavior. Observations across various industries indicate that companies use social exclusion through their ads to promote self-improvement product which featured improving people’s performance. The research thus examines how social exclusion affects self-improvement product consumption. Boundary conditions associated with implicit self-theory and self-construal are considered. In Study 1, the moderating effect of implicit self-theory is examined. The results indicate that compared with people who feel socially excluded, those who feel socially included are more likely to choose a self-improvement product. When being excluded, consumers with incremental belief are more likely to choose self-improvement product than those with entity belief. When being socially included, there is no such difference between people with incremental belief and entity belief consumers. In Study 2, the moderating effect of self- construal is examined. When being socially excluded, consumers with interdependent self-construal are more likely to choose self-improvement product than those with independent self-construal. When consumers feel socially included, there is no such difference between people with independents and interdependents. This research provides managerial implications for marketers to promote self-improvement products by using the right combination of social relationship and self-construal or implicit self-theory belief.

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Good, Gingrich Luann. „Contesting social exclusion : an interrogation of its self-imposed expressions /“. 2006. http://link.library.utoronto.ca/eir/EIRdetail.cfm?Resources__ID=442504&T=F.

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Tsou, Chin-Hui, und 鄒金惠. „A Self-Stabilizing Mutual Exclusion Algorithm Assuming Only Read / Write Atomicity“. Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/86363085296653957323.

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碩士
元智大學
資訊工程學系
91
In this paper, we design and prove the correctness of a self-stabilizing algorithm that solves the mutual exclusion problem for a distributed system. The computational model used by the system in this paper assumes the read/write separate atomicity instead of the commonly used read/write composite atomicity.

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Krusemark, Elizabeth Ann. „Neural substrates of self control subsequent to social exclusion a magnetoencephalography (MEG) investigation /“. 2006. http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga%5Fetd/krusemark%5Felizabeth%5Fa%5F200605%5Fms.

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Ming-Yi, Chiu. „The Correctness and Stabilization Time of Dijkstra's 4-state Mutual Exclusion Self-stabilizing Algorithm“. 2001. http://www.cetd.com.tw/ec/thesisdetail.aspx?etdun=U0009-0112200611295685.

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Chiu, Ming-Yi, und 邱明義. „The Correctness and Stabilization Time of Dijkstra's 4-state Mutual Exclusion Self-stabilizing Algorithm“. Thesis, 2001. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/92544742831797384570.

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碩士
元智大學
資訊工程學系
89
E. W. Dijkstra first introduced the concept of self-stabilization in a distributed system in 1974. In his classic paper in 1974, he proposed three elegant self-stabilizing algorithms for the mutual exclusion problem in a ring system. In this paper, a concise proof is provided for the correctness of the second algorithm, which requires 4 states. The time complexity of the algorithm is also computed to be O(n*n).

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Jian, Wun-Yong, und 簡文嫆. „Social Exclusion or Self-determination？Social Participation Analysis of the Person Who Suffers from Oral Cavity Cancer“. Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/12824323439813798280.

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碩士
高雄醫學大學
醫學社會學與社會工作學研究所
96
Generally speaking, social participation affects an individual diversely and positively, and it is also regarded as an important channel for manifesting the individual right. In the past we only attach importance to topics regarding to medical result, life quality, social support. However, whether or not the thought on and the need for social participation of the oral cancer patient were influenced due to the suffering from heavy disease, is an inquired subject. We hope this research can draw more attention from the general public to this issue, and give practice worker and policy maker an insight on the social participation of oral cancer patients. Based on respecting the willingness of patient participation in society, we reconsider the paradigm of accommodation and make social policy to maintain the right of oral cancer patients on social participation. This study derives its materials from the conversation of eight oral cancer patients. Following discoveries are found: First, the career influence the social interactions easily, only when those survey candidates have a strong bonding. The bonding of social network is strong, only when one’s economy coincide with his social interactions. Second, the careers would be influenced by personal reasons（such as personally faces the disease the manner）and the social reasons（such as social discrimination）. Third, based on " Personally faces falls ill the manner with in accordance to the behavior", "The high life of social participation", "The family life" three constructions surface, social participation of the participant may divide into four types: "A hedge between keeps friendship green mode" , "Comes and goes freely mode ", "Positive life mode ", as well as all "All corners of the land mode ". Forth, it can be found that survey candidates have growth and decline in the fields witch social participation situation of economic life, interaction and family relation when he suffered from the disease.

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Lai, Liang-Hua, und 賴亮樺. „The Research on the Exclusion、Fear and Self-punishment of Electronic Monitoring-A Case Study of Sex Crime“. Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/928cu9.

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碩士
國立中正大學
犯罪防治研究所
102
Electronic monitoring (EM) is an intermediate punishment in criminal justice system in Taiwan. EM deprives sex offenders of rehabilitation, and becomes a singular punishment mechanism, and government also expand the networks of surveillances in community, the objective of this research is to analyze the social exclusion、net-widening、media labeling and lifetime monitoring by parolees and probation officers. Data from a semi-structured interview, there are/were nine parolees and two probation officers, and use phenomenological content analysis to analyze all data. EM leads to dynamic work、family、relationship and community exclusion between all sex offenders, and the technological flaws cause them fall into criminalization again；secondly, the effect of media labeling force them to be marginalized and receive unreasonable moral punishment of populism；thirdly, the aim of keeping society safe that government establish is enacting strict laws to hit sex crimes, also establish intensive social control networks under powerful legal surveillances；lastly, sex offenders need halfway supporters in community when they are out of prison with lost mind, and government should adopt positive educational treatment to defend society, not punishment only. Key words: Electronic monitoring, Net-widening, Social exclusion, Media labeling, Lifetime monitoring

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Liu, Yi-Wen, und 劉逸文. „The Research on Self-Adjustment and Social Exclusion of Unpaid Leave Employees in Technology Industry: An Example of DRAM Industry“. Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/36218102442887550253.

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碩士
銘傳大學
公共事務學系碩士在職專班
102
The changes of prosperity trend and operation condition will always influence the future marketing strategy of enterprise. In order to maximize the working efficiency, layoff has been selected as the primary method to use as it can significantly simplify and streamline the management process. However, the over layoff might increase the burden of society and potentially cause serious influences to enterprises, employees and the government. Therefore in 2008, the government decided to conditionally agreed enterprises to execute 『unpaid leave』 during the global financial crisis in order to help these industries to relieve the stress of cost and avoid the potential risk of massive unemployment tide. Even though the tactic was aiming to assist both employees and enterprises to spend this difficult time, it still possibly causes the negative influences to these technology employees in both economical side and psychological side. The study has selected semi-structured interview as the major research method. The target group includes: competent authority members, union and human resource unit and employees of DRAM industry. In total, 11 members were involved in the research project. In order to diverse the research perception, literature review has been taken as the major method to analysis and verifies the primary data. As the result, 6 research findings have been identified: 1.The lacking knowledge of 『unpaid leave』 2.The duration of unpaid leave has positive relationship with the impact that employees are undertaking 3.The stability of the company is the psychological fear of these works who are taking 『unpaid leave』 4.The limitation of helps which the social security system is able to provide to assist these middle class employees 5.『unpaid leave』 employees are feeling exclusion from multiple sides 6.『unpaid leave』 could possibly cause new poverty phenomenon in a broadly range In the end, the research team hopes these research findings can help the government, employees and enterprises to investigate specific solutions which will be able to improve the current 『unpaid leave』 system and finally achieve the win-win situation.

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Świgost, Magdalena. „Autopercepcja i percepcja społeczna osób z wybranych grup zagrożonych stygmatyzacją : perspektywa pedagogiczna“. Praca doktorska, 2015. https://ruj.uj.edu.pl/xmlui/handle/item/45111.

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CHANG, CHIA-WEI, und 張家維. „Triggering Gentrification and Self-Exclusion? The Wen-Qing Phenomenon, Authenticity Creation and its Declines - A Case Study of Shinren Village beside Songshan Cultural and Creative Park“. Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/55w9x8.

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碩士
國立臺北大學
都市計劃研究所
105
In order to make Taipei City a part of creative cities, Department of Cultural Affairs propose policies of cultural creative clusters. It aims at combining major cultural and creative projects and creative districts with an attempt to drive cultural and creative industry as well as creative atmosphere in the city. Songshan Cultural and Creative Park is an urban regeneration project which is famous and culture-and-creative oriented. It is also a major cultural and creative project of Department of Cultural Affairs. Yet, its plans and combination, along with recent Wen-Qing trend in Taiwan, make positive and negative impacts on spaces, economic developments, and environments of neighborhood: Shinren Village/Lane 553. As mentioned above, the thesis examines relationships among Shinren Village/Lane 553, Songshan Cultural and Creative Park, and Wen-Qing Phenomenon and brings the following questions: 1) What kind of impacts does Songshan Cultural and Creative Park make on community developments? How do neighbors value Songshan Cultural and Creative Park and community developments? 2) What brings shops and creative workers in Shinren Village/Lane 553? What kind of management challenges do they face? 3) What kind of developmental opportunities and crises do Wen-Qing Phenomenon bring for Lane 553? Does gentrification gradually appear in the process? The thesis uses qualitative research methods to conduct case studies, including field observations and interviews, textual analysis, and streetscape comparison. The results are: 1) As powerful authorities, Taipei City Government and the media overuse Wen-Qing trend to build authenticity of Wen-Qing Phenomenon which leads to challenges and criticism. 2) Songshan Cultural and Creative Park brings opportunities of redevelopment for its neighborhood but at the same time makes negative impacts on quality of living environments. The impacts include conflicts among neighbors and conflicts between neighbors and shops. 3) Streetscapes in Lane 553 change dramatically. Entrepreneurs and creative workers choose to leave due to authenticity blast and rising rents caused by gentrification.

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HU, KAI-LUN, und 胡凱綸. „The Influence of Life-Barrier Experience on Prediction of Reintegration of Central and Southern Adult Prison Inmates──Using Feel of Self-Labeling and Anticipated Social Exclusion Perception as the Mediator“. Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/v72yqe.

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碩士
國立中正大學
犯罪防治研究所
107
Agency of Corrections and criminal justice system in Taiwan are faced with a momentous issue – recidivism. According to statistics from Ministry of Justice, there are seventy-nine percent new prisoners have criminal record in 2017, the rate of ex-convict set a new recorded high in recent 5 years. In this study opinion, criminals being sent to jail will bring life-barrier experience and stigma to inmates, which is a disadvantageous factor to reintegration. Past literatures showed that reintegrate successfully or not will be influenced by inmates’ percepts of rehabilitation. Consequently, this study takes “self-stigma” which inherited from labeling theory and “social exclusion” as mediator, trying to find out whether inmates’ life-barrier experience has negative effect to prediction of their reintegration. The study adopts quantitative analysis method to explore correlation between life-barrier experience, feel of self-labeling, anticipated social exclusion and prediction of reintegration. Hope it would offer another view to recidivism, and provide different way for treatment. 　　The participants in this study were inmates from the central and southern Prison and Detention Center of Taiwan. 556 pieces of questionnaires had been distributed, and 453 valid pieces were returned, the effective response rate was 81.4%. The result shows that the score of inmates’ prediction of reintegration was significantly affected by gender, age, age of first time be sent to prison, self-appraisals of moral, self-appraisals of criminalization, alienation of intimate relationship, social exclusion. Two factors from feel of self-labeling also have significant influence on the factors about predict futures which resulted from anticipated social exclusion and prediction of reintegration. 　　Lastly, this study verifies research framework by SEM. According to results of SEM, shows that study hypothesis is valid: life-barrier experience will bring the feel of self-labeling and anticipated social exclusion to inmates, feel of self-labeling also reinforce anticipated social exclusion, all three variables have negative impacts on inmates’ percepts of rehabilitation simultaneously, and it might influence consequence of rehabilitation.

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Bao, Jia Ching, und 鮑家慶. „An Empirical Study on the Emergence and Evolution of Patent-Based Limited Exclusion Order Relief under 19 U.S.C. § 1337 by Using a Self-Compiled United States International Trade Commission Determination Database“. Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/99036010193237165341.

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碩士
國立交通大學
科技法律研究所
94
This thesis can roughly be divided into two parts. Part One (Chapters 2 and 3) presents the historical and legal evolution of injunctive relief orders issued in "Section 337" unfair importation investigations from 1922 to 1974 (under the Tariff Commission) and from 1974 to 2006 (under the USITC, which is the main subject of this thesis). This thesis finds that extra-governmental legal pressure from the United States' main trade partners via the GATT, in combination with intra-governmental political pressure from the President (via the U.S. Trade Representative's Office) and Congress, forced the USITC to evolve a new form of exclusive order relief through administrative rulemaking processes. Part Two (Chapters 4 and 5) statistically analyzes the factual and legal bases supporting the USITC's historical issuance of General/Limited Exclusion Orders to test for the effects of bias in the USITC's decision-making. This thesis (which assumes that the USITC did not operate in a vacuum) statistically examines USITC's decisions to determine whether non-statutory factors may have affected the agency's decision-making process. (see Section 1.1.2). We also find that bias does not appear to play a statistically significant role in the USITC's decision-making process. This historical evolution in the legal structure of Section 337 created a more balanced, equitable, and trade-friendly enforcement tool to protect U.S. intellectual property rights in international trade.

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Johnson, Courtney Beth. „Personality and Ostracism: Do Hope, Optimism, and Forgiveness Moderate the Effects of Social Exclusion?“ Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1805/2778.

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Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI)
This study examined effects of ostracism on psychological well-being and self-control and the roles of the personality traits hope, optimism, and forgiveness as moderators of these effects. Undergraduate students (N=104) were randomly assigned to be included or excluded in a computerized ball-toss game, Cyberball. Facets of psychological well-being examined included belonging and self-esteem. Participants also completed cognitive and physical self-control measures via tracing and handgrip tasks. Ostracized participants experienced less belonging, but there was no significant difference between groups on self-esteem. Ostracized participants persisted for less time on the tracing task. There were no significant differences between groups for performance on the handgrip task. None of the personality traits were found to moderate the effects of ostracism on psychological well-being or self-control. Results are discussed in terms of implications and recommendations for future researchers.

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Lopes, Ana Raquel do Paço Ferreira. „A justiça como uma necessidade fundamental: A exposição à injustiça reduz o desempenho numa tarefa cognitiva complexa?“ Master's thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10071/9268.

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PsycINFO Classification Categories and Codes: 2340 Cognitive Processes, 3040 Social Perception & Cognition
A Psicologia Social da Justiça tem assumido que a justiça é uma necessidade fundamental (Lerner, 1980). Se assim for, a ameaça a esta necessidade provocada pelo confronto com a injustiça provocará um esforço de auto-regulação que diminuirá o desempenho numa tarefa cognitiva complexa que envolva raciocínio lógico. O mesmo processo foi mostrado quando ocorre uma ameaça à necessidade fundamental de pertença (Baumeister, Twenge & Nuss, 2002). Assim, este estudo pretendeu investigar se a exposição à injustiça reduzia o desempenho numa tarefa cognitiva complexa. O desempenho intelectual dos participantes foi avaliado através da resolução de exercícios retirados das Matrizes Progressivas de Raven (Raven, Court & Raven, 2001) em quatro medidas: (i) número de exercícios feitos; (ii) número de exercícios corretos; (iii) número de erros cometidos e (iv) exatidão nas respostas. A exposição à injustiça foi manipulada, em laboratório, através do «não cumprimento de promessas» (Mikula, 1986) em termos distributivos e procedimentais. Os participantes foram 90 estudantes universitários que foram distribuídos aleatoriamente por três condições (justa, neutra e injusta). Os resultados mostraram que os indivíduos, na condição injusta, completaram menos exercícios; apresentaram um menor número de exercícios corretos e cometeram menos erros do que os indivíduos que passaram pela condição justa. No entanto, não houve qualquer diferença entre condições na exatidão das respostas. Entre as condições justa e neutra não se verificaram diferenças significativas nas quatro medidas de avaliação do desempenho intelectual. Este estudo constitui assim um primeiro passo no sentido de estabelecer experimentalmente a justiça como necessidade fundamental. Estudos subsequentes deverão investigar os mecanismos de “esgotamento do ego” supostamente envolvidos neste processo
The Social Psychology of Justice has assumed that justice is a fundamental need (Lerner, 1980). If so, the threat caused by this need to confront injustice will lead an effort of self-regulation that will decrease performance on a complex cognitive task involving logical reasoning. The same process was shown when a threat to the fundamental need to belong occurs (Baumeister, Twenge & Nuss, 2002). Thus, this study sought to investigate whether exposure to injustice reduced performance on a complex cognitive task. The intellectual performance of the participants was evaluated by solving exercises taken from Raven's Progressive Matrices (Raven, Court & Raven, 2001) in four steps: (i) number of exercises done; (ii) number of correct exercises; (iii) number of errors and (iv) accuracy in the answers. Exposure to injustice was manipulated, in the laboratory, through “promises not kept” (Mikula, 1986) in distributive and procedural terms. Participants were 90 college students who were randomly assigned to three conditions (just, neutral and unjust). The results showed that individuals, in the unjust condition, completed less exercises; showed less correct exercises and made less errors than individuals who have gone through just condition. However, there was no difference between conditions on the accuracy of responses. There were no significant differences on the measures for evaluating the intellectual performance between the just and neutral conditions. This study represents a first step to establish experimentally justice as a fundamental need. Subsequent studies should investigate the mechanisms of "ego depletion" supposedly involved in this process.

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Vorster, Anja. „I feel for you. therefore, I respond on your behalf. Social psychological processes leading to and consequences of vicarious humiliation“. Thesis, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/27714.

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Vicarious humiliation as a devaluing intergroup event is a rather common experience, which has the potential to adversely influence present and future intergroup relations. Based on an extensive literature review and previous research, we hypothesised that highly identified group members experience an intensified feeling of humiliation after witnessing an ingroup member being humiliated when compared to low identifiers (Hypothesis 1), that the role of visual exposure as situational determinant of humiliating events, the appraisals, and the emotional patterns elicited, differ between personally and vicariously humiliating events (Hypotheses 2a, 2b, 3 and 4), and lastly, that vicarious humiliation regulated through emotional blends leads to behavioural intentions that influence future intergroup relations (Hypotheses 5a to 5c). Evidence for our hypotheses was exploratively and experimentally provided in six studies. Results implied that vicarious humiliation is a common experience, that visual exposure as situational determinant is more important for personally than vicariously humiliating events, and that humiliation is indeed a blended emotion (Study 1, N = 1048). Moreover, results showed that highly identified group member feel relatively stronger humiliated (Study 2, N = 175), that the appraisal and emotional patterns are related to identity processes (i.e., personal and vicarious humiliation) (Study 3, N = 74; Study 4, N = 359; Study 5 = 376), and that the feeling of humiliation and accompanying emotions regulate the relationship between vicariously humiliating events and the intentional responses such as avoidance, non-normative approach, dehumanisation and social exclusion (Study 6, N = 998). Overall, our results imply that vicarious humiliation as an emotional experience has the potential to provoke intergroup conflict. SUMMARY The present research studied a phenomenon that we are all familiar with – being humiliated. Unfortunately, this is an experience that is rather common as we might not only experience to be humiliated personally but also to be humiliated on behalf of others. It is this vicarious experience of humiliation that the present research aimed at studying. We firstly explored people’s experiences with and understandings of humiliation through a cross-sectional survey (Study 1). Results indicated that vicarious humiliation is indeed a rather common experience, that personally and vicariously humiliating events differ in terms of the situational determinants that characterise these events, and that the feeling of humiliation is experienced as a blended emotion. We furthermore tested experimentally the effects of ingroup identification, identity processes and the presence of an audience on the appraisal processes of and the emotional and motivational responses to vicarious humiliation. We found that people who highly identified with the group they share with the humiliated person, experienced stronger feelings of humiliation (Study 2), and that being personally humiliated and being vicariously humiliated resulted in different appraisal patterns, which consequently elicited the different emotional blends of humiliation with self-focused and other-focused emotions, respectively (Studies 3 to 5). We were, however, unable to provide evidence that the presence of an audience aggravated the appraisal processes and the feeling of humiliation (which we attributed to methodological limitations of our studies). That the emotional blends of humiliation regulate the behavioural intentions, that people engage in as a result of being vicariously humiliated, was demonstrated in our last study (Study 6). More specifically, we found that humiliation accompanied by self-focused emotions was related to intentions to avoid, to non-normatively approach, and/or to socially exclude the humiliator(s) through dehumanising them. It is this latter finding that provides evidence for both the role of the social context that might determine the appropriateness of certain behaviours (e.g., social norms) and for the proposed cycle of humiliation in that humiliated persons are often believed to retaliate by humiliating the humiliator(s) in return, which has the potential to provoke intergroup conflicts.
Psychology
D. Phil. (Psychology)

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47

Vorster, Anja. „I feel for you, therefore, I respond on your behalf: Social psychological processes leading to and consequences of vicarious humiliation“. Thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/27714.

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Vicarious humiliation as a devaluing intergroup event is a rather common experience, which has the potential to adversely influence present and future intergroup relations. Based on an extensive literature review and previous research, we hypothesised that highly identified group members experience an intensified feeling of humiliation after witnessing an ingroup member being humiliated when compared to low identifiers (Hypothesis 1), that the role of visual exposure as situational determinant of humiliating events, the appraisals, and the emotional patterns elicited, differ between personally and vicariously humiliating events (Hypotheses 2a, 2b, 3 and 4), and lastly, that vicarious humiliation regulated through emotional blends leads to behavioural intentions that influence future intergroup relations (Hypotheses 5a to 5c). Evidence for our hypotheses was exploratively and experimentally provided in six studies. Results implied that vicarious humiliation is a common experience, that visual exposure as situational determinant is more important for personally than vicariously humiliating events, and that humiliation is indeed a blended emotion (Study 1, N = 1048). Moreover, results showed that highly identified group member feel relatively stronger humiliated (Study 2, N = 175), that the appraisal and emotional patterns are related to identity processes (i.e., personal and vicarious humiliation) (Study 3, N = 74; Study 4, N = 359; Study 5 = 376), and that the feeling of humiliation and accompanying emotions regulate the relationship between vicariously humiliating events and the intentional responses such as avoidance, non-normative approach, dehumanisation and social exclusion (Study 6, N = 998). Overall, our results imply that vicarious humiliation as an emotional experience has the potential to provoke intergroup conflict. SUMMARY The present research studied a phenomenon that we are all familiar with – being humiliated. Unfortunately, this is an experience that is rather common as we might not only experience to be humiliated personally but also to be humiliated on behalf of others. It is this vicarious experience of humiliation that the present research aimed at studying. We firstly explored people’s experiences with and understandings of humiliation through a cross-sectional survey (Study 1). Results indicated that vicarious humiliation is indeed a rather common experience, that personally and vicariously humiliating events differ in terms of the situational determinants that characterise these events, and that the feeling of humiliation is experienced as a blended emotion. We furthermore tested experimentally the effects of ingroup identification, identity processes and the presence of an audience on the appraisal processes of and the emotional and motivational responses to vicarious humiliation. We found that people who highly identified with the group they share with the humiliated person, experienced stronger feelings of humiliation (Study 2), and that being personally humiliated and being vicariously humiliated resulted in different appraisal patterns, which consequently elicited the different emotional blends of humiliation with self-focused and other-focused emotions, respectively (Studies 3 to 5). We were, however, unable to provide evidence that the presence of an audience aggravated the appraisal processes and the feeling of humiliation (which we attributed to methodological limitations of our studies). That the emotional blends of humiliation regulate the behavioural intentions, that people engage in as a result of being vicariously humiliated, was demonstrated in our last study (Study 6). More specifically, we found that humiliation accompanied by self-focused emotions was related to intentions to avoid, to non-normatively approach, and/or to socially exclude the humiliator(s) through dehumanising them. It is this latter finding that provides evidence for both the role of the social context that might determine the appropriateness of certain behaviours (e.g., social norms) and for the proposed cycle of humiliation in that humiliated persons are often believed to retaliate by humiliating the humiliator(s) in return, which has the potential to provoke intergroup conflicts.
Psychology
D. Phil. (Psychology)

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Rodriguez, Ramon Antonio. „The Exclusion of Non-Native Voters from a Final Plebiscite in Puerto Rico: Law and Policy“. 2010. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/open_access_dissertations/307.

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U.S. Puerto Rico relations have always been mystifying to countless U.S. citizens, due to inconsistent policies and judicial decisions from the United States. Puerto Ricans have no control over immigration, yet they can decide the future of the island nation. Puerto Rico is a nation under colonial rule. Paul R. Bras sistains the possibility of corporate recognition for the ethnic group as a separate nationality within an existing state evocative of the United States. The United States has treated Puerto Rico as foreign country nevertheless at times as domestic. Under U.S. law and jurisprudence Puerto Rico is not part of the United States but rather the island is a possession. The elctoral difference between the two major political parties is less than three percent. Non-native voters in the island can have the clout to decide the ultimate political status of the island. A key concern to the problem is who are considered non-native voters in Puerto Rico. Non-native voters are those who have not been born in the Puerto Rico nor have one of their parents born in the island. The exclusion is legally and politically achievable. There are many countries (Ex. East Timor) in the world, former colonies (Ex. Namibia), and previous U.S. territories (Ex. Hawaii) that serve as examples of exclusion. Voting rights in plebiscites are determined by law. U.N. General Assembly Resolution 1514, states that all powers have to be in the hands of the people of Puerto Rico. International law and policies sustain that the future political status of colonies is to be determined by the nation. Puerto Rico lacks representation in the U.S. Government. When this happens the unrepresented become a separate nation. William Appelman Williams stated thet "the principle of self determination when taken seriously ...means a ploicy of standing aside for people to make their own choices, economic as well as political and cultural." Under international las and policies of self-determination Puerto Rico can exclude non-native voters. Judicial precedents make this point very comprehensible.

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Luczak, Urs. „Ambivalenz der Ausgrenzung: Der Lebensort Villa Itatí in Buenos Aires als Ressource gesellschaftlicher Teilhabe. Perspektiven einer integrativen Planung“. Doctoral thesis, 2009. https://monarch.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A19386.

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Die Arbeit beschreibt im Kontext eines gesellschaftspolitischen und sozialräumlichen Wandels Prozesse der Ausgrenzung benachteiligter Bevölkerungsgruppen am Beispiel eines Marginalviertels, der Villa Itatí in Buenos Aires. In Form der Beschreibung der Effekte des Lebensortes Villa Itatí, der Effekte seines materiell-physischen Substrates, seiner Sozialstruktur sowie seines symbolischen Systems, sollen die ambivalenten Wirkungen einer Ausgrenzung dargestellt werden. Der Lebensort wird als Beschränkung und gleichzeitige Ressource gesellschaftlicher Teilhabe bewertet. Als Planer in einem städtebaulichen und soziologischen Verständnis erfasse ich damit den Status Quo als Ausgangslage, um darauf aufbauend Möglichkeiten und Grenzen einer verändernden, integrativen Planung zu erörtern. Die Erkenntnisse aus einem fremdkulturellen Kontext sollen dabei in die hiesige Diskussion um Ausgrenzung bzw. um Quartiere der Ausgrenzung eingebunden werden. Die vorhandenen Daten basieren zum überwiegenden Teil auf einem Feldforschungsaufenthalt vor Ort. Sie wurden mittels einer Kombination verschiedener qualitativer Methoden erhoben: einer teilnehmenden Beobachtung im Feld im Sinne einer ethnographischen Feldforschung, ergänzt durch leitfadengestützte Interviews mit Bewohnern und Schlüsselfiguren des Viertels sowie verschiedenen externen Experten mit professioneller Beziehung zur Villa Itatí. Daneben wurde, gleichbedeutend, die räumliche Gestalt und Einbindung sowie die infrastrukturelle Ausstattung des Viertels im Sinne einer städtebaulichen Bestandsaufnahme kartiert und durch Fotografie illustriert. Ergänzt werden die vor Ort erhobenen Daten durch eine Auswertung von Zeitungsartikeln zur Villa Itatí sowie einer Sekundäranalyse vorhandener Datenquellen.:1 Einführung 2 Sozialräumlicher Kontext Buenos Aires 3 Theoretische Fundierung: Prozesse der Ausgrenzung und ihre Ambivalenz 4 Konzeptionalisierung: Forschung im Feld 5 Villa Itatí: Herstellung und räumliche Gestalt des Lebensortes 6 Villa Itatí: Soziale Organisation und Regulierung des Lebensortes 7 Villa Itatí: Symbolische Repräsentation des Lebensortes 8 Ambivalenz der Ausgrenzung und Perspektiven integrativer Planung 9 Anhang

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Dissertationen zum Thema „Self-exclusion“

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