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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Segment formy"
1
Sroka, Kazimierz. „Znak językowy i dychotomia significans : significatum a morfosemantem i funkcja morfosemantyczna“. Biuletyn Polskiego Towarzystwa Językoznawczego LXXVI, Nr. 76 (31.12.2020): 307–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.6671.
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Artykuł dotyczy teorii znaku językowego, w tym rozróżnienia elementów: znaczący (significans) i znaczony (significatum). Rozważania skupione są na dwóch przeciwstawnych teoriach: jednej ‒ bilateralnej i psychologistycznej (mentalistycznej), pochodzącej od Ferdinanda de Saussure’a (CLG) i drugiej ‒ unilateralnej i obiektywistycznej autorstwa Leona Zawadowskiego (LTJ). Autor artykułu teorie te porównuje i ocenia, zestawiając je z przedstawianą już w swoich wcześniejszych pracach (m.in. Sroka 2016a i 2016b) własną koncepcją morfosemantemu i funkcji morfosemantycznej. Znak (fr. signe) w ujęciu de Saussure’a składa się z wyobrażenia akustycznego (fr. image acoustique) jako elementu znaczącego (fr. signifiant) i pojęcia (fr. concept) jako elementu znaczonego (fr. signifié), podczas gdy w ujęciu Zawadowskiego obejmuje on tylko będący na płaszczyźnie elementu znaczącego element tekstu (jako zjawisko fizyczne) w jego cechach inherentnych, a poza znakiem pozostaje element rzeczywistości pozatekstowej jako element znaczony. Pojęcie morfosemantemu jest uogólnieniem, modyfikacją i rozwinięciem pojęć znaku językowego wypracowanych przez de Saussure’a i Zawadowskiego. Morfosemantem jest elementem tekstu, definiowanym według trzech kategorii, do których należą: forma (F) (segment tekstu w jego cechach inherentnych), sygnifikacja czynna (S) (fakt, że segment tekstu reprezentuje wybrany element rzeczywistości pozasegmentalnej) i lokacja (L) (występowanie segmentu tekstu w danym otoczeniu). Funkcja morfosemantyczna (o kierunkach: sygnifikacja/lokacja => forma; forma/lokacja => sygnifikacja; forma/sygnifikacja => lokacja) jest rozpięta nad strukturalnie homogenicznym zbiorem morfosemantemów. Zaproponowane pojęcie morfosemantemu jako odpowiednika znaku językowego nie jest ani w pełni bilateralne, gdyż element znaczony (reprezentowany element rzeczywistości pozasegmentalnej (RR)) nie jest częścią morfosemantemu, ani też w pełni unilateralne, ponieważ obok formy (F), tj. kategorii, której wartościami są zespoły cech inherentnych segmentu tekstu, do istoty morfosemantemu należą również kategorie relacyjne: sygnifikacja czynna (S) oraz lokacja (L). Przedstawiona koncepcja morfosemantemu i funkcji morfosemantycznej jest obiektywistyczna, lecz obok niej można też stworzyć interpretację psychologistyczną (mentalistyczną), zakładając, że przedmiot poznania ma swoje odbicie (reprezentację) w umyśle poznającego podmiotu. Language sign and the dichotomy significans : significatum in relation to morphosemanteme and the morphosemantic function. Summary: The paper deals with the theory of language sign and with the distinction between the elements: signifying/signifier (significans) and signified (significatum). The discussion focuses on two opposite theories: one – bilateral and psychologistic (mentalistic) ‒ coming from Ferdinand de Saussure (CLG) and the other ‒ unilateral and objectivistic ‒ authored by Leon Zawadowski (LTJ). The present author compares and evaluates these theories, juxtaposing them with his own conception of morphosemanteme and the morphosemantic function, proposed in his earlier studies (e.g. Sroka 2016a and 2016b). According to de Saussure, a linguistic sign (Fr. signe) consists of the acoustic image (Fr. image acoustique) as the signifying element (Fr. signifiant) and of the concept (Fr. concept) as the signified element (Fr. signifié). According to Zawadowski, the sign includes only the textual element (as a physical phenomenon) in its inherent features, which belongs to the plane of the signifying element, and outside of the sign there is the element of the extratextual reality as the signified element. The concept of the morphosemanteme is a generalization, modification and development of de Saussure’s and Zawadowski’s concepts of the language sign. The morphosemanteme is an element of text defined according to three categories, namely: form (F) (textual segment in its inherent features), active signification (S) (the fact that a textual segment represents a given element of the extrasegmental reality), and location (L) (occurrence of a textual segment in a given environment). The morphosemantic function (of the directions: signification/location => form; form/location => signification; and form/signification => location) expands over a structurally homogeneous set of morphosemantemes. The proposed concept of the morphosemanteme as a counterpart of the language sign is neither fully bilateral, since the signified element (represented element of the extrasegmental reality (RR)) is not part of the morphosemanteme, nor fully unilateral, since in its essence the morphosemanteme includes not only form (F), i.e. the category whose values are sets of the inherent features of the textual segment, but also relational categories: active signification (S) and location (L). The conception of the morphosemanteme and morphosemantic function described here is objectivistic but it is also possible to create its psychologistic (mentalistic) interpretation, assuming that the object of cognition has its reflection (representation) in the mind of the conceiving subject. Keywords: F. de Saussure, Leon Zawadowski, element of text, language sign, signifying element (significans), signified element (significatum), morphosemanteme, form, signification, location, morphosemantic function
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Borzyszkowski, Jacek, und Waldemar Józef Michalczak. „Polityka turystyczna na rzecz seniorów. Przegląd wybranych praktyk“. Studia Periegetica 34, Nr. 2 (25.07.2021): 65–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.0636.
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Starzenie się społeczeństw wpływa na rynek usług wolnoczasowych, a zwłaszcza w istotny sposób determinuje rozwój turystyki. Jak każda dziedzina życia społecznego, także obraz współczesnej turystyki kształtowany jest poprzez narzędzia, jakimi dysponuje polityka i inne formy zarządzania społecznego. Autorzy artykułu analizują modele oddziaływania na segment rynku turystycznego seniorów. Przegląd literatury naukowej i innych źródeł dowodzi, że segment turystyki senioralnej staje się istotnym elementem we współczesnym rynku turystycznym, i co więcej – jego rola będzie sukcesywnie wzrastała. Celem opracowania jest przedstawienie wybranych działań realizowanych na różnych szczeblach i przez różne podmioty na rzecz zwiększania aktywności turystycznej seniorów w Europie, wskazanie możliwości wykorzystania tych doświadczeń i uzasadnienie podejmowania tego typu inicjatyw w Polsce. W artykule posłużono się metodą badań określaną jako desk research. Przeprowadzono w tym zakresie analizę przekrojową dostępnych treści. Wykorzystano dane zastane. Na podstawie zaprezentowanego materiału sformułowano zalecenia dla polskiej polityki turystycznej. Wykazano, że przedsięwzięcia na rzecz zwiększania aktywności turystycznej seniorów są dość popularne i jednocześnie zróżnicowane. Mają one charakter zarówno międzynarodowy, jak i krajowy, podejmowane są również przez pojedyncze podmioty branży turystycznej. Z uwagi na postępujące zmiany, głównie demograficzne, ale wynikające także ze skutków pandemii COVID-19, rysuje się potrzeba implementacji podobnych rozwiązań w Polsce. Należy założyć, że tego typu przedsięwzięcia mogą zdywersyfikować polską politykę turystyczną i poszerzyć ją o stosunkowo nowe, dotychczas niepodejmowane inicjatywy. Dodatkowo należy mieć na uwadze inne wymierne korzyści: pobudzenie aktywności turystycznej seniorów oraz aspekty ważne dla poszczególnych destynacji, zwiększenie ruchu turystycznego i wpływów z turystyki.
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Ranjan, Pinku, und Ravi Kumar Gangwar. „Segmented quarter cylindrical dielectric resonator antenna: simulation and experimental investigation in composite form for wideband applications“. International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies 9, Nr. 4 (06.06.2016): 881–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1759078716000714.
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A probe feed wideband multi-element dual segments quarter cylindrical dielectric resonator antenna (q-CDRA) in composite forms have been proposed. The q-CDRA has been introduced by splitting CDRA into four uniform quarters and multi-segmentation approach has been castoff for further improvement in bandwidth of q-CDRA. The dual segments q-CDRA has been designed and analyzed using theoretical analysis and Ansoft HFSS simulation software. Further the dual segment multi-element q-CDRAs in composite form have been designed. A coaxial probe has been placed at the center of the ground plane for the excitation of proposed multi-element and multi-segmented composite form of q-CDRA, which excite TM01δ mode in the proposed antenna. The input characteristics and radiation patterns of the proposed composite antennas have been studied and their results are compared with corresponding experimental results. Prototype of single, two, and four elements dual-segment composite q-CDRAs have been fabricated and input characteristics of the proposed composite antennas have been compared with each other. Four elements dual-segment composite q-CDRA has shown wide impedance bandwidth (|S11| ≤ −10 dB) of 85.13% with monopole-like radiation pattern. The peak gain of 4.85 dBi with 98.5% radiation efficiency has been achieved for dual-segment four elements composite q-CDRA. The proposed multi-element dual-segment composite q-CDRAs may find suitable applications in C and X-band with complete covering of the 5.0 GHZ wireless local area network (WLAN) and worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX) band.
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PARADIS, CAROLE, und DARLENE LACHARITÉ. „Preservation and minimality in loanword adaptation“. Journal of Linguistics 33, Nr. 2 (September 1997): 379–430. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022226797006786.
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Attractive as might seem the challenge to build a process or performance model that can account for every behavioural decision, there are a number of sound reasons to tackle first the still difficult (but hopefully manageable) task of developing a competence model; of trying to find the underlying system that informs and constrains (if it doesn't always actually govern) choice. (Spolsky 1988: 105)This article aims at showing the predictability of phonological adaptation, segment preservation and deletion in borrowings. It is shown that ill-formed segments are preserved and adapted in the vast majority of cases; segment deletion occurs only when an ill-formed segment is embedded within a higher level ill-formed structure, such as the syllable. This conclusion is based on the study of 15,686 segmental and syllabic malformations found in 11,348 loanword forms from five different corpora of loanwords. The analysis, which is set within the Theory of Constraints and Repair Strategies, is illustrated with the data from a corpus of 545 French loanwords in Fula.
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Ma, Yao, und Jiahua Xu. „Segmentally aware: know when to merge and when to purge“. Journal of Organizational Change Management 33, Nr. 1 (11.12.2019): 196–214. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jocm-06-2019-0201.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to hone in on the degree of segment-level integration relative to corporate post-merger performance. Design/methodology/approach The sample consists of 89 segments in 29 combined companies resulting from large mergers and acquisitions (M&A) transactions between 2001 and 2014 in the pharmaceutical and chemical industries worldwide. The authors track the change through M&A in performance of segments with different integration forms as well as performance of entire companies with different integration levels. Findings The authors find that integrating the segments from the target significantly improves the acquirer’s overall performance, as well as the concerned segments’ performance, following an M&A transaction. Whereas the segments from the target company, when left unintegrated, not only exhibit subpar performance among all the segments, but also appear responsible for the worsening corporate performance. Various possible reasons for this contrast are discussed. Originality/value This paper raises awareness of the significance of segment-level analyses, and contributes to the post-merger integration (PMI) research by examining the influence of structural integration on operating segments. To the best of our knowledge, this paper is the first to investigate integration forms and the post-merger financial performance of various segments within companies.
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Miloradovic, Vladimir, und Milena Grubisa. „Dobutamine Stress Echocardiography in Patients with Dilated Cardiomyopathy“. Serbian Journal of Experimental and Clinical Research 17, Nr. 2 (01.06.2016): 125–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sjecr-2016-0004.
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Abstract A clear distinction between two of the most common forms of dilated cardiomyopathy is very important due to their different prediction and therapeutic approaches. Dobutamine stress echocardiography appears to be a noninvasive selection method due to its clear differentiation potential. Major factors influence test interpretation, resulting in a wide interval of diagnostic accuracy for this test. Fraction flow reserve (FFR) is a novel invasive method for estimating coronary artery stenosis responsible for myocardium ischaemia. Decisions about lesion significance in coronary blood vessels have thus far been based on angiographic estimations, but this approach is being replaced by FFR measurements, which serve as a new gold standard and involve a noninvasive test. The goal of this study was to clearly differentiate two forms of dilated cardiomyopathies through analysis of the segmented mobility of the left ventricular wall. Fifty patients were analysed: 20 with ischaemic dilated cardiomyopathy, which was confirmed not only through coronary angiography but also functionally through FFR measurement, and 30 patients with nonischaemic dilated cardiomyopathy, which was confirmed by coronary angiography. A standard dobutamine stress echocardiography protocol was implemented. A positive dobutamine stress echocardiography test was defined as the presence of emerging incidents in segment contractility or worsening of existing incidents in at least one segment. Statistically relevant diff erences in the movement dynamics of a number of differently characterised segments during the observed time intervals (ANOVA p=0.000) was noted in both groups of patients, as was variation in the index value of the summarized mobility of the left chamber wall. In patients with ischaemic cardiomyopathies, regional contractility worsened at the maximum dose of dobutamine; in contrast, this feature slightly improved in nonischaemic cardiomyopathy patients. The results indicate that by analysing segmental motion, these two forms of dilated cardiomyopathies can be differentiated with high sensitivity (Sn=90%) and specificity (Sp=98%), which can be interpreted as concrete evidence of truly ischaemic lesions in coronary blood vessels.
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Guan, J. L., J. E. Trevithick und R. O. Hynes. „Retroviral expression of alternatively spliced forms of rat fibronectin.“ Journal of Cell Biology 110, Nr. 3 (01.03.1990): 833–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.110.3.833.
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We describe the construction in retroviral vectors and the expression of recombinant rat fibronectin (FN) cDNAs corresponding with the various alternatively spliced forms of FN. In NIH 3T3 cells, the exogenous rat FN subunits are efficiently secreted as heterodimers with endogenous mouse subunits. In contrast, in lymphoid WEHI231 cells, there is no endogenous FN synthesis and the recombinant FNs are secreted and can be purified as homogeneous proteins. We show that the purified recombinant FNs are biochemically and biologically functional. In basic assays for adhesion, spreading, cytoskeletal organization, and migration using various established adherent cell lines, different forms of FNs containing the different alternatively spliced segments show no marked differences in activity. We have used these recombinant FNs to investigate three systems in which earlier results had suggested potential differences between different forms of FN. First, all forms tested appear equally active in restoring normal morphology to a transformed cell line. Second, we detect minor differences in their ability to assemble into preexisting extracellular matrices. Finally, we report that only those forms of FN that contain the V segment will promote the spreading of a lymphoid cell line indicating that this segment confers additional biological functions for some cell types, a result that confirms and extends earlier data. These homogeneous, biologically active recombinant FNs will allow further studies of the role of the alternatively spliced segments of FN.
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Udayana, I. Nyoman. „NASALIZATION IN BALINESE VERBS/PENASALAN VERBA BAHASA BALI“. Aksara 32, Nr. 2 (03.01.2021): 339–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.29255/aksara.v32i2.643.339-348.
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Abstract Balinese has two forms in relation to nasal pre xes. First, the initial segment of the verb root can be assimilated with the homorganic nasal and both coalesce. Second, the nasal pre x still assimilates with the rst segment of the verb root but forms a CC cluster. The data source of this study is Balinese dictionaries and analyzed by Optimality Theoretic (OT) so it was found that the af x nasal did not form a cluster with the rst segment of the verb root uniformly occurred in verbs where the rst segment is obstruent both voiced and voiceless while the one forming the cluster is the rst segment of a verb root which is realized by a sonorant. The rst phenomenon can be handled by the constraint * NC (obs) while the second one by violates linearity constraint, namely, Align-L (root) constraint. OT analysis also predicts that the ungrammaticality of an output verb structure ngmaang ‘to give’ due to fact that the correct underlying form baang is confused with its corresponding surface form. Keywords: nasalization, obstruent, sonorant, OT analysis Abstrak Bahasa Bali mempunyai dua bentuk dalam kaitannya dengan pre x nasal. Pertama, segmen awal dari akar verba bisa berasimilasi dengan nasal yang homorganik dan keduanya berkoalisi. Kedua, nasal pre ks masih berasimilasi dengan segmen pertama akar verba, tetapi membentuk klaster CC. Sumber data penelitian ini adalah Kamus Bahasa Bali dan dianalisis dengan Optimality Theoretic (OT) sehingga didapatkan bahwa nasal a ks yang tidak membentuk klaster dengan segmen pertama akar verba secara seragam hanya terjadi pada verba yang mana segmen pertamanya adalah obstruent, baik bersuara maupun tak bersuara sedangkan yang membentuk klaster adalah segmen pertama verba yang direalisasikan oleh segmen bertipe sonorant. Yang pertama bisa ditangani oleh konstrein *NC (obs), sedangkan yang kedua adalah secara jelas melangggar konstrein linieritas, yaitu Align-L (root). Analisis OT juga memprediksi ketidakgramatikalan bentuk-output verba ngmaang ‘memberi’ yang bentuk dasarnya yang benar adalah baang dikacaukan dengan bentuk output-nya. Kata kunci: penasalan, hambatan, sonoran, Analisis OT
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Mishima, Katsuaki, Toshio Sugahara, Yoshihide Mori und Masayoshi Sakuda. „Three-Dimensional Comparison between the Palatal Forms in Complete Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate with and without Hotz Plate from Cheiloplasty to Palatoplasty“. Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal 33, Nr. 4 (Juli 1996): 312–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1597/1545-1569_1996_033_0312_tdcbtp_2.3.co_2.
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The palatal forms in 20 infants with a complete unilateral cleft lip, and palate (12 with a Hotz plate and 8 without, selected at random) were studied from birth until 18 months of age. Using techniques developed previously, the degree of curvature In the palate and the magnitude of migration of the maxillary segments were measured three-dimensionally. Furthermore, using a newly developed method to approximate a set of the points on the alveolar ridge to a circle in a plane, the form of the alveolar arch was evaluated. Results from the group with a Hotz plate revealed that the plate possesses four effects not seen in the group without a Hotz plate. The size of the palate was larger, and the sagittal gap between the two segments of the maxilla was smaller. These results suggest that the appliance could stimulate the growth of the segments and could prevent collapse of the maxillary arch from the force of lip closure. Third, the steepness of the segments toward the nasal cavity was smaller, possibly occurring because the appliance prevents tongue intrusion into the cleft. Fourth, the magnitude of migration of the lesser segment toward the cleft edge of the major segment was larger. This result suggests that the appliance could guide the growth of the maxillary segments to narrow the cleft width until 18 months of age.
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Brożek, Jolanta. „Deliberations on the External Morphology and Modification of the Labial Segments in the Nepomorpha (Heteroptera: Insecta) with Notes on the Phylogenetic Characteristics“. Scientific World Journal 2013 (2013): 1–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/790343.
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The present study provides new data concerning the external morphology of the labial segments of 46 species from nine Nepomorpha families using the scanning electron microscope. The labial segments are described in detail and images of their structures are presented for the systematic groups. Subsequent segments of the labium (I, II, III, and IV) are shaped similarly in all investigated taxa but carry individual characters in some (sub-)families. Five morphologically distinct forms of the apical plate and five intercalary sclerites have been identified. Additionally, three types of the articulation on the dorsal side between the third and second segments are interpreted as the new characters. The presence of the midventral condyle on the distal edge of the first segment and the third segment has been reanalyzed. New position of the midventral condyle on the proximal edge of the fourth labial segment has been distinguished in several groups. The new set of characters has been estimated from the plesiomorphic taxa of the Nepoidea (Nepidae and Belostomatidae) and subsequently through the more advanced taxa in the relation to the outgroup (Gerromorpha). The evaluation of these characters has revealed twenty-seven new apomorphies for the labium in the Nepomorpha.
Dissertationen zum Thema "Segment formy"
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Kvaššay, Adrián. „Konstrukce segmentu formy pro lisování pneumatik vyráběného technologií Selective Laser Melting“. Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-444402.
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This diploma thesis deals with development and design modifications of tire mould segment which will be batch produced by additive technology Selective Laser Melting. Material for its production is maraging steel 1.2709. Lattice structure was used inside the segment construction. The geometry of the lattice cell was chose based on two main factors – eliminating production costs and providing sufficient stiffness. Strength of the segment was calculated by FEM. The functional sample was made and its distortion was analyzed by optical digitalization.
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Měchura, Lukáš. „Vývoj procesních parametrů technologie Selective Laser Melting pro výrobu lisovací formy pneumatik“. Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-444403.
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The diploma thesis deals with finding suitable process parameters for the production of molding segment by SLM technology. It consists of a combination of structures, shells, thin slats and bulk parts. The tested material is maraging steel 300. The research part deals with the problem of choice of suitable process parameters, such as laser power and speed, hatch distance and thickness of the built layer. The achievable mechanical properties of the parts and the choice of the suitable structure were also examined. In the thesis were found suitable process parameters for printing of bulk parts and structures.
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Santos, Edjan Fernandes dos. „Medidas e forma em geometria“. reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFC, 2015. http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/14499.
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SANTOS, Edjan Fernandes dos. Medidas e forma em geometria . 2015. 61 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Matemática em Rede Nacional) – Centro de Ciências, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Juazeiro do Norte, 2015.Submitted by Erivan Almeida (eneiro@bol.com.br) on 2015-12-15T13:01:29Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2015_dis_efsantos.pdf: 2235474 bytes, checksum: 976431d2a4782cb88fd52234af9d0839 (MD5)
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The work initially brings a historical approach, Greece (with the Pythagoreans), with the mathematician Eudoxus, referring to perhaps the greatest mathematical work, Euclid’s books. Then bring definitions and constructions of the real numbers as a complete body, the concepts of tiny, supreme, infinite sequences especially the convergent, Cauchy sequences and the three fundamental theorems for the calculus course, the annulment of the theorem, the intermediate value and Weierstrass. Soon after, we define metric and metric space in the plan, we show that the process of comparing an arbitrary segment with another set as unit leads to various types of positive real numbers: integers, rational and irrational, where the notion of measurable and immeasurable segment is explained. The area calculation for plane figures, where the usual formulas for the areas of simple polygons are presented, we present and application, Pick’s formula, without demonstration of the theorem, simple, fun, practical and efficient for area calculation, one this mathematical discipline of content throughout basic education in Brazil always present in external evaluation as OBMEP.
O trabalho traz inicialmente uma abordagem histórica, da Grécia (com os pitagóricos), com o matemático Eudoxo, fazendo referência a talvez à maior obra matemática, os livros de Euclides. Em seguida, trazemos definições e construções sobre os números reais com um corpo completo, os conceitos de ínfimo, supremo, sequências infinitas com destaque as convergentes, sequência de Cauchy e os três teoremas fundamentais para o curso de cálculo, o teorema do anulamento, do valor intermediário e de Weierstrass. Logo após, definimos métrica e espaço métrico no plano, mostramos que o processo de comparar um segmento arbitrário com outro fixado como unidade nos conduz aos diversos tipos de números reais positivos: inteiros, racionais e irracionais, onde a noção de segmento comensurável é explicada. O cálculo de área para figuras planas, onde são apresentadas as fórmulas usuais para as áreas dos polígonos mais simples, apresentamos uma aplicação, a fórmula de Pick, sem demonstração do teorema, simples, divertida, prática e eficiente para o cálculo de área, um conteúdo da disciplina de matemática presente em todo o ensino básico do Brasil sempre presente em avaliações externas como a OBMEP.
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Demir, Abdullah. „Form Finding And Structural Analysis Of Cables With Multiple Supports“. Master's thesis, METU, 2011. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12613609/index.pdf.
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Cables are highly nonlinear structural members under transverse loading. This nonlinearity is mainly due to the close relationship between the final geometry under transverse loads and the resulting stresses in its equilibrium state rather than the material properties. In practice, the cables are usually used as isolated single-segment elements fixed at the ends. Various studies and solution procedures suggested by researchers are available in the literature for such isolated cables. However, not much work is available for continuous cables with multiple supports.
In this study, a multi-segment continuous cable is defined as a cable fixed at the ends and supported by a number of stationary roller supports in between. Total cable length is assumed constant and the intermediate supports are assumed to be frictionless. Therefore, the critical issue is to find the distribution of the cable length among its segments in the final equilibrium state. Since the solution of single-segment cables is available the additional condition to be satisfied for multi-segment continuous cables with multiple supports is to have stress continuity at intermediate support locations where successive cable segments meet. A predictive/corrective iteration procedure is proposed for this purpose. The solution starts with an initially assumed distribution of total cable length among the segments and each segment is analyzed as an independent isolated single-segment cable. In general, the stress continuity between the cable segments will not be satisfied unless the assumed distribution of cable length is the correct distribution corresponding to final equilibrium state. In the subsequent iterations the segment lengths are readjusted to eliminate the unbalanced tensions at segment junctions. The iterations are continued until the stress continuity is satisfied at all junctions. Two alternative approaches are proposed for the segment length adjustments: Direct stiffness method and tension distribution method. Both techniques have been implemented in a software program for the analysis of multi-segment continuous cables and some sample problems are analyzed for verification. The results are satisfactory and compares well with those obtained by the commercial finite element program ANSYS.
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Khoreva, Anna [Verfasser], und Bernt [Akademischer Betreuer] Schiele. „Learning to segment in images and videos with different forms of supervision / Anna Khoreva ; Betreuer: Bernt Schiele“. Saarbrücken : Saarländische Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1152095234/34.
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Khoreva, Anna Verfasser], und Bernt [Akademischer Betreuer] [Schiele. „Learning to segment in images and videos with different forms of supervision / Anna Khoreva ; Betreuer: Bernt Schiele“. Saarbrücken : Saarländische Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek, 2017. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:291-scidok-ds-269954.
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Gupta, Indra. „Use of crown length to define stem form : segmented taper equation /“. Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/5593.
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Filbois, Alain. „Contributions à la modélisation automatique d'objets polyédriques 3D : extraction des primitives 3D, facettes et segments“. Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995INPL075N.
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En étroite collaboration avec un autre doctorant Didier Gemmerle, notre travail de thèse traite de la reconstruction et de la modélisation d'objets à partir d'images de stéréovision trinoculaire. Les données de notre étude sont constituées d'une série d'images stéréoscopiques trinoculaires à niveaux de gris pris par les caméras du robot, la stratégie de ce dernier étant d'effectuer une révolution complète autour de chaque objet à modéliser. À partir de chacun de ces triplets, notre but est d'extraire un ensemble de primitives de modélisation, facettes et segments, puis de fusionner ces ensembles pour obtenir automatiquement le modèle 3D de l'objet. Notre système de modélisation se découpe en trois parties distinctes: le bas niveau, dont le rôle est d'extraire les primitives d'un triplet d'images. Ces primitives constituent la vue 3D. Le moyen niveau, effectuant l'appariement des primitives entre deux vues 3D consécutives. Le haut niveau, fusionnant les informations fournies par les bas et moyen niveaux et reconstruisant le modèle de l'objet. Ce manuscrit décrit la partie bas niveau de notre système. Les moyens et hauts niveaux sont décrits dans la thèse de D. Gemmerle intitulée: contributions à la modélisation d'objets polyédriques 3D: construction du modèle à partir de groupements perceptuels
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Duailibe, Mônica Damous. „A INFORMALIDADE DAS RELAÇÕES DE EMPREGO E A ATUAÇÃO DA INSPEÇÃO DO TRABALHO: UMA ANÁLISE PARA O MARANHÃO CONTEMPORÂNEO“. Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 2010. http://tedebc.ufma.br:8080/jspui/handle/tede/839.
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Previous issue date: 2010-08-27This dissertation presents a study on labor inspection carried out by the Ministry of Labor and Employment to reduce the level of informal employment in Brazil, focusing on the case of state of Maranhão in the present time. Specialized literature on formation and structuration of Brazilian´s labor market between the thirties and the nineties is reviewed, focusing on the following aspects: state intervention for the purpose of regulation of workplace relations, evolution of remuneratory patterns, impact of paid work force at the occupation´s overall and labor unions performance. It is analyzed the origin, dynamics and characteristics of informal work segment presence in the national productive structure. Then it is examined the labor conditions that emerge from the kind of small business and informal entrepreneurs this segment generates, which are not organized following the typical capitalistic way. A synthesis of the Maranhão´s economic history is then presented along with the current situation of labor market in Brazil and particularly of the northeastern state, through comparative analysis of figures on distribution of occupations among economic active population, formality labor level among paid work force and selfemployed workers, income levels and distribution of informal sector. The informality of employment relations presents three different contexts that need to be identified in order to reflect on efficiency and effectiveness of labor inspection work: the informal segment of productive structure, flexibilization and deregulation of the labor market´s regulatory framework and inefficiency and inadequacy of human natural resources as well as organizational conditions for the labor inspection activities development Regarding labor inspection as a policy, brief considerations will be taken on conditionalities of formulation and implementation of public policies in capitalists societies, determined by organic relation between state and capital. These conditionalities and the correlation of forces between workers and capitalists, regulated by the state, will generate a labor inspection that be or well or poorly organized, trained and equipped in order to fight informality on employment relations to ensure effectiveness of the employment protection norms.
Estudo sobre a atuação da Inspeção do Trabalho para a redução da informalidade nas relações de emprego no Brasil e, em especial, no Maranhão contemporâneo. Resgata-se parte da literatura especializada sobre a formação e estruturação do mercado de trabalho brasileiro, entre as décadas de 1930 a 1990, tendo como eixos analíticos: a intervenção do Estado na regulação do mercado de trabalho, a evolução do padrão remuneratório, a participação do trabalho assalariado no total das ocupações e a atuação dos sindicatos. Analisam-se a origem, a dinâmica e as características do segmento informal da estrutura produtiva, no qual se estabelecem pequenos negócios e produtores autônomos que não estão organizados em moldes tipicamente capitalistas e examinam-se as condições de trabalho prevalecentes. Apresenta-se uma síntese da trajetória recente da economia maranhense e da situação atual do mercado de trabalho no Brasil e no Maranhão, mediante a análise comparativa de indicadores sobre a distribuição ocupacional da população economicamente ativa, o grau de formalização dos assalariados e trabalhadores autônomos, os níveis de renda e a composição do segmento informal. A informalidade das relações de emprego apresenta três contextos originários, cuja identificação é necessária para a reflexão sobre a eficácia e efetividade da Inspeção do Trabalho para a sua redução: o segmento informal da estrutura produtiva, a flexibilização e desregulamentação do marco regulatório sobre o mercado de trabalho e a ineficiência e inadequação dos recursos materiais, humanos e das condições organizacionais para o desenvolvimento das ações de fiscalização. Considerando-se a Inspeção do Trabalho como uma política pública, tecem-se breves considerações sobre os condicionantes da formulação e implementação de políticas públicas nas sociedades capitalistas, determinados pela relação orgânica entre Estado e capital. No limite desses condicionantes, a correlação de forças entre trabalhadores e capitalistas, mediada pelo Estado, resulta em uma Inspeção do Trabalho mais ou menos organizada, capacitada e aparelhada para o enfrentamento da informalidade das relações de emprego e para a garantia da efetividade das normas de proteção do trabalho.
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Souza, Carlos Alberto Martinelli de. „MODELOS DE AFILAMENTO PARA Pinus taeda L. AJUSTADOS SEGUNDO A FORMA DO TRONCO E MÉTODOS DE ESTRATIFICAÇÃO“. Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2009. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/3730.
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e TecnológicoThis study was carried out in order to analyze the performance of segmented and non-segmented taper models in terms of estimates for trees profiles with 1, 2 and 3 shape change points in stems; to test the accuracy of estimates of stem profiles and commercial height based on an adjusting taper model with non-stratified data, stratified in classes of DBH (diameter at breast height) and stratified in classes of shape quotient; and to examine the influence of the results on the formulation of a classification table for wood assortments. The data to this study were measured in Pinus taeda L. stands from Klabin S.A. in Telêmaco Borba-PR. The sample trees grew up in stands managed to sawmill, with two thinnings and coppicing, plantation of 1.600 trees/ha, spacing of 2,50 x 2,50 m. Forty trees were cut down and cubed by the Smalian method in the following positions: 0,10, 0,30, 0,80, 1,30, and in each meter until the total height. In these positions, stem transversal slices were obtained to study the reconstruction of growth using dendrocronology and it generated a database of 649 trees aged between 8 and 30 years, among which the samples to this research were selected. Aiming at the best model to estimate the stem profiles, for all kinds of trees the non-segmented models were superior, the 5th degree polynomial showed a better performance and the Garay model presented the second best result. Considering the best method to illustrate the data, the stratification by classes of shape quotient was more accurate, emphasizing K0,7h and K0,5h classes. The assortments table proved that the higher the trees dimensions, the higher the possibility of obtaining more products and, consequently, the better the performance, with a lower residual value. The validation also showed the accuracy of the models adopted in the assortments table.
Este trabalho foi realizado com os objetivos de verificar tanto o desempenho de modelos de afilamento segmentados e não segmentados quanto às estimativas dos perfis de árvores com 1, 2 e 3 pontos de mudanças de forma nos fustes, quanto a acurácia das estimativas dos perfis dos fustes e alturas comerciais a partir de um modelo de afilamento ajustado com os dados não estratificados, estratificados em classes de dap (diâmetro à altura do peito) e estratificados em classes de quociente de forma. Propôs ainda, a comparação entre de um modelo de afilamento ajustado com os dados sem estratificação e estratificado por uma classe de quociente de forma para estimativa do volume total e desenvolvimento dos resultados destes estudos na construção de uma tabela de classificação de sortimentos de madeira. Os dados para o presente trabalho foram mensurados em povoamentos de Pinus taeda L., da Klabin S.A., em Telêmaco Borba-PR. As árvores amostradas cresceram em povoamentos manejados para serraria, com dois desbastes e corte raso, plantio de 1.600 árvores/ha, em espaçamento de 2,50 x 2,50 m. Quarenta árvores foram abatidas e cubadas pelo Método de Smalian, nas posições de: 0,10, 0,30, 0,80, 1,30, e de 1 em 1 metro até a altura total. Nessas posições, foram retiradas fatias transversais do fuste para fins de estudos de reconstituição do crescimento por dendrocronologia, gerando um banco de dados de 649 árvores com idades entre 8 e 30 anos, de onde foram selecionadas aquelas que fizeram parte dos bancos de dados para os estudos propostos. Na busca do melhor modelo para estimativa dos perfis dos fustes, para todos os tipos de árvores, os modelos não segmentados foram superiores, tendo o Polinômio do 5º grau o melhor desempenho e o modelo de Garay o segundo melhor resultado. Em relação ao melhor método para dispor os dados, a estratificação por classe de quociente de forma mostrou o maior ganho de precisão, tendo as classes de K0,7h e K0,5h maiores destaques. A tabela de sortimentos mostrou que, à medida que as árvores têm aumento em suas dimensões, passam a apresentar a possibilidade de retirada de mais produtos e conseqüentemente maior aproveitamento, com pequeno valor residual. As validações mostraram as boas precisões dos modelos usados para construção da tabela de sortimentos.
Bücher zum Thema "Segment formy"
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Suprasegmental phonology and segmental form: Segmental variation in the English of Dutch speakers. Tübingen: Niemeyer, 1986.
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United Nations. Conference on Trade and Development Board. Session. High-level segment. The impact of financial crisis on trade, investment and development: Regional perspectives : High-level segment of the forty-fifth session of the Trade and Development Board, 22 October 1998. New York: UN, 1999.
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James, Allan R. Suprasegmental Phonology and Segmental Form: Segmental Variation in the English of Dutch Speakers. De Gruyter, Inc., 1986.
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McKinlay Gardner, R. J., und David J. Amor. Autosomal Reciprocal Translocations. Herausgegeben von R. J. McKinlay Gardner und David J. Amor. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199329007.003.0005.
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This chapter reviews in detail the question of carriers of autosomal reciprocal translocations and the genetic risks implied for potential offspring of theirs. Examples are offered of the various possibilities due to malsegregation in gametes of theirs: adjacent-1, adjacent-2, 3:1, and the (very rare) 4:0 malsegregation. The chapter provides advice on determining the most likely modes of segregation, according to the different forms of translocation (length of centric segment, length of translocated segment, sizes of derivative chromosomes). The chapter discusses the practical problem of the apparently balanced translocation but which is associated with phenotypic abnormality. Associations with infertility are noted.
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Rine, P. Jesse. Evangelical Higher Education. Herausgegeben von Michael D. Waggoner und Nathan C. Walker. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199386819.013.27.
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Although they represent a relatively small segment of the private nonprofit postsecondary sector, evangelical colleges and universities carry on the educational legacy of America’s earliest institutions of higher education. The evangelical segment is a rich tapestry woven from multiple dimensions of institutional diversity. This chapter first explores the historical development of these institutions, their philosophical and religious commitments, and their organizational structures and campus ethos. Attention then turns to contemporary forms of evangelical higher education and distinguishing institutional features such as denominational status, confessional and behavioral membership requirements, and the curricular orientation and delivery format of the academic program. The chapter concludes with a discussion of contemporary challenges to the future of evangelical higher education. These include concerns related to fiscal health, faculty recruitment, and curricular direction.
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Ramsay, Allan. Discourse. Herausgegeben von Ruslan Mitkov. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199276349.013.0006.
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When people use language, they produce and exchange sequences of connected sentences. This article provides an overview of the devices that can be used to organize extended discourses. It also gives a detailed description of discourse level phenomena and incremental interpretation. It explores the various devices (choices of words and word order, forms of reference, use of explicit links) that are used to indicate the structure of an extended discourse and to explain the relationships between its parts, in other words to see how a discourse is broken into segments and how such segments are organized. It deals with the issues involved in identifying and relating the notion that discourses consisting of more than a single sentence are composed of related segments are not contentious, where there is much less agreement.
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Winyard, Paul. Human kidney development. Herausgegeben von Adrian Woolf. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199592548.003.0343.
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The kidneys perform diverse functions including excretion of nitrogenous waste products, homeostasis of water, electrolytes and acid–base balance, and hormone secretion. The simplest functional unit within the kidneys is the nephron, which consists of specialized segments from glomerulus, through proximal tubule, loop of Henle, and distal tubule. Human nephrogenesis starts with two stages of transient kidneys, termed the pronephros and mesonephros, and ends with development of a permanent organ from the metanephros on each side. The latter consists of just a few hundred cells when it is formed in the fifth week of pregnancy but progresses to a nephron endowment of between 0.6 to 1.3 million by the time nephrogenesis is completed at 32–36 weeks of gestation. Key events during this process include outgrowth of the epithelial ureteric bud from the mesonephric duct, interactions between the bud and the metanephric blastema (a specific region of mesenchyme) that cause the bud to branch and mesenchyme to condense, epithelialization of the mesenchyme to form proximal parts of the nephron, and differentiation of segment specific cells. Molecular control of these events is being unpicked with data from human genetic syndromes and animal models, and this chapter highlights several of the most important factors/systems involved. Increased understanding of development is not just relevant to congenital kidney malformations, but may also be important in designing rational therapies for diseases of the mature kidney where recapitulation of developmental pathways is common.
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Varol, Ozan O. Hollow Hope. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190626013.003.0022.
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Although militaries derive substantial benefits from democracy, coup makers may become disillusioned with democratic governance if democracy fails to live up to its promises. The transition from dictatorship to democracy may usher in a period of economic and social instability, with no segment of society spared its ravages. As democracy proves to be more of a foe than a friend, impatient military leaders, as in Brazil and Argentina, may morph from reformers into tyrants. In both cases, the military, having lost its optimism for democratic governance, instituted the very form of government (a dictatorship) that it had attempted to purge before.
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Lavini, F., C. Dall’Oca und L. Renzi Brivio. Principles of monolateral external fixation. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199550647.003.012014.
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Monolateral external fixation is a system for the stabilization, reduction, and manipulation of bone segments by means of bone anchorage consisting of pins fastened to an external frame. Monolateral external fixators in their various forms have the advantage that they allow the use of half-pins (bicortical pins that do not penetrate both sides of the soft tissue envelope), thereby avoiding major damage to the neurovascular structures contralateral to the insertion point. The simple structure of monolateral systems permits rapid application and simplified preoperative planning, both of which are features particularly appreciated in traumatology.
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McKinlay Gardner, R. J., und David J. Amor. Autosomal Structural Rearrangements. Herausgegeben von R. J. McKinlay Gardner und David J. Amor. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199329007.003.0014.
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This chapter considers the question of autosomal deletions and duplications, first from the aspect of presumed mechanisms by which they may arise, and then followed by a lengthy (but not encyclopedic) listing of specific imbalances. This listing is informed by the increased knowledge enabled by modern molecular karyotyping, and a number of conditions are those only of twenty-first century discovery. Conditions are listed by the chromosome involved, and each section is headed by a diagram showing the specific segments under consideration. In each, wherever known, a comment is made on possible de novo versus inherited forms, and inferences are drawn as to any recurrence risk in a future pregnancy.
Buchteile zum Thema "Segment formy"
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da F. Costa, Luciano, und Mark B. Sandler. „Detecting Digital Straight Line Segments in O(N 2)“. In Visual Form, 165–74. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-0715-8_17.
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Varshney, J. P. „Abnormal Wave Forms, Segments, and Intervals in Electrocardiogram“. In Electrocardiography in Veterinary Medicine, 69–77. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-3699-1_6.
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Melnyk, Roman A., Anthony W. Partridge und Charles M. Deber. „Transmembrane Segment Peptides of the Ff Phage Major Coat Protein Form Parallel Homodimers“. In Peptides: The Wave of the Future, 824–25. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0464-0_385.
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Feussner, Ivo, Jörg Ziegler, Otto Miersch und Claus Wasternack. „Jasmonate- and Stress-Induced Lipoxygenase Forms in Barley Leaf Segments (Hordeum Vulgare CV. Salome)“. In Plant Lipid Metabolism, 292–94. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-8394-7_81.
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Lejkoff, Gerald. „IX. Automated Discovery Of Similar Segments In The Forty-Eight Permutations Of A Twelve-Tone Row“. In The Computer and Music, herausgegeben von Harry B. Lincoln, 147–53. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/9781501744167-012.
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Gong, Yifan, Wenqi Ding, Chenjie Gong und Yuelang Jin. „A New Form of Longitudinal Joint of Large Cross-section Segmental Tunnel Linings“. In Proceedings of GeoShanghai 2018 International Conference: Tunnelling and Underground Construction, 292–99. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-0017-2_29.
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Stegmeier, Jörn, Jakob Hartig, Michaela Leštáková, Kevin Logan, Sabine Bartsch, Andrea Rapp und Peter F. Pelz. „Development of an Annotation Schema for the Identification of Semantic Uncertainty in DIN Standards“. In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, 23–34. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-77256-7_3.
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AbstractThis paper presents the results of a pilot study carried out in cooperation between Linguistics and Mechanical Engineering, funded by the collaborative research centre (CRC) 805 “Beherrschung von Unsicherheit in lasttragenden Systemen des Maschinenbaus”. Our goal is to help improve norm compliant product development and engineering design by focusing on ambiguous language use in norm texts (= “semantic uncertainty”). Depending on the country and product under development, industry standards may be legally binding. Thus, standards play a vital role in reducing uncertainty for manufacturers and engineers by providing requirements for product development and engineering design. However, uncertainty is introduced by the standards themselves in various forms, the most notable of which are the use of underspecified concepts, modal verbs like should, and references to texts which contain semantically uncertain parts. If conformity to standards is to be ensured, the person using the standards must interpret them and document the interpretation. In order to support users in these tasks, we developed an annotation schema which allows the identification and classification of semantically uncertain segments of standards, used the schema to create a taxonomy of semantic uncertainty in standards, developed a proof-of-concept information system. The results of this project can be used as a starting point for automated annotation. The information system alerts users to semantically uncertain segments of standards, provides background information, and allows them to document their decisions how to handle the semantically uncertain parts.
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Traut, Thomas W. „The functions and consensus motifs of nine types of peptide segments that form different types of nucleotide-binding sites“. In EJB Reviews 1994, 105–15. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-79502-2_8.
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Huang, Xinchao, Zihan Liu, Wei Lu, Hongmei Liu und Shijun Xiang. „Fast and Effective Copy-Move Detection of Digital Audio Based on Auto Segment“. In Digital Forensics and Forensic Investigations, 127–42. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-3025-2.ch011.
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Detecting digital audio forgeries is a significant research focus in the field of audio forensics. In this article, the authors focus on a special form of digital audio forgery—copy-move—and propose a fast and effective method to detect doctored audios. First, the article segments the input audio data into syllables by voice activity detection and syllable detection. Second, the authors select the points in the frequency domain as feature by applying discrete Fourier transform (DFT) to each audio segment. Furthermore, this article sorts every segment according to the features and gets a sorted list of audio segments. In the end, the article merely compares one segment with some adjacent segments in the sorted list so that the time complexity is decreased. After comparisons with other state of the art methods, the results show that the proposed method can identify the authentication of the input audio and locate the forged position fast and effectively.
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„Segments“. In The Development of Animal Form, 188–221. Cambridge University Press, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511541476.010.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleKonferenzberichte zum Thema "Segment formy"
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Midha, Ashok, und Raghvendra Kuber. „Closed-Form Elliptic Integral Solution of Initially-Straight and Initially-Curved Small-Length Flexural Pivots“. In ASME 2014 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2014-35268.
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Compliant mechanisms gain some or all of their mobility from the deflection of their flexible members. The pseudo-rigid-body model (PRBM) concept allows compliant mechanisms to be modeled using existing knowledge of rigid-body mechanisms, thereby, simplifying the design process. A pseudo-rigid-body model represents a compliant segment with two or more rigid-body segments, connected by pin joints or characteristic pivots. A compliant segment that is small in length, compared to the relatively rigid segments between which it is affixed, is termed a small-length flexural pivot (SLFP). This paper presents closed-form deflection solutions using the elliptic integral method for initially-straight and initially-curved SLFPs. The assumptions made in modeling the small-length flexural pivots in a PRBM are validated by means of the elliptic integral solutions.
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Ebert-Uphoff, Imme, und Gregory S. Chirikjian. „Discretely Actuated Manipulator Workspace Generation by Closed-Form Convolution“. In ASME 1996 Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/96-detc/mech-1162.
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Abstract We discuss the determination of workspaces of discretely actuated manipulators using convolution of real-valued functions on the Special Euclidean Group. Each workspace is described in terms of a density function that provides for any unit taskspace volume of the workspace the number of reachable frames therein. A manipulator consisting of n discrete actuators each with K states can reach Kn frames in space. Given this exponential growth, brute force representation of discrete manipulator workspaces is not feasible in the highly actuated case. However, if the manipulator is of macroscopically-serial architecture, the workspace can be generated by the following procedure: (1) partition the manipulator into segments; (2) approximate the workspace of each segment as a continuous density function on a compact subset of the Special Euclidean Group; (3) approximate the whole workspace as an n-fold convolution of these densities. We represent density functions as finite Hermite-Fourier Series and show for the planar case how the n-fold convolution can be performed in closed form requiring O(n) computation time. If all segments are identical the computation time reduces to O(logn).
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Chavez, Frank R., und Jerry Vogel. „Segmented Wing Aircraft Lateral Directional Flight Control Design With Minimum Drag Constraints“. In ASME 2003 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2003-42864.
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Following the current trend for developing biologically inspired flight configurations, flight control system for a transport type aircraft with no vertical tail and segmented main wing is to be developed. The transport configuration is inspired by the fact that birds do not have vertical tails and their wings have various trailing edge feathers that serve to form independent wing segments for roll and yaw control. An aerodynamic model for a generic transport aircraft, modeled after the Boeing 747, is obtained using NASA’s PMARC software. The aircraft is modeled with no vertical tail and the main wing has several independently controlled trailing edge segments. A flight control design will be carried out to satisfy roll and yaw moment commands. These moment commands might come from desired roll or yaw rate commands from the pilot. In addition, for increased performance, it is desirable to maintain a minimum drag configuration. This will result in a reduction in fuel usage for maximum range, endurance, or maximum flight speed. The final controller will provide main wing segment deflection commands designed to meet desired roll and yaw moment commands while attaining a minimum drag configuration.
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Dupleix, Joakim. „Bach Dang cable-stayed bridge – Underslung form traveller“. In IABSE Conference, Kuala Lumpur 2018: Engineering the Developing World. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/kualalumpur.2018.0969.
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<p>The Bach Dang Bridge forms part of the Ha Long – Hai Phong Highway in Vietnam. It will help cut 50km from the journey between Hanoi and the Ha Long Bay UNESCO world heritage site. The focal cable-stayed section of the bridge will consist of two main spans of 240 m. The tallest of the three towers will reach a height of almost 100 m.</p><p>The construction technique used for the cable-stayed section is to cast 9.6 m-long and 28 m-wide concrete segments in situ, using an underslung form traveller (FT) which is launched to the next position once the segment is cast.</p><p>The FT has been designed by the Technical Centre of specialist contractor VSL. Its weight is minimised by using the stay cable as a support at the front of the traveller. The stay cable is connected to the FT by precasting the anchor block and securing it to the FT. This innovation was previously, successfully used by VSL on the Ironton-Russell project in the USA. Besides, the formwork system has been mechanised to be easily collapsed from one segment to the next.</p><p>This paper discusses the design of this innovative construction technique and how it was used on this major bridge project in Vietnam.</p>
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Arghir, Mihai, und Samia Dahite. „Numerical Analysis of Lift Generation in a Radial Segmented Gas Seal“. In ASME Turbo Expo 2019: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2019-90492.
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Abstract A radial segmented seal is composed of three or six carbon segments that are assembled by a circumferential (garter) spring that presses them against the rotor. Assembled, they take the form of an annular ring. Each segment has several pads that generate a radial lift force depending on the rotor speed. There are many ways of creating effective lift forces. For example, a pocket on the pad creates a lift force because each pad will act as a Rayleigh step bearing. A groove on the rotating shaft will also create a radial lift force on the pad. However, this latter lift force will be unsteady. The aim of the present work is the numerical study of the lift created by a grooved rotor on a pad. Due to the very small operating radial clearances of radial segmented seals (less than 10 μm), the problem can be simplified by analyzing a single pad and a grooved runner. Previous analysis of gas face seals or thrust bearings always considered grooved pads and a smooth runner, even when the runner was grooved. The peculiarity of this study, which is the first of its kind, is considering the unsteady problem of the moving runner grooves. The analysis was performed for a single pad of a radial segmented seal operating with air.
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Varma, D. S. Mohan, und S. Sujatha. „Minimal Kinematic Model for Inverse Dynamic Analysis of Gait“. In ASME 2014 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2014-39942.
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The objective of this work is to develop an inverse dynamics model that uses minimal kinematic inputs to estimate the ground reaction force (GRF). The human body is modeled with 14 rigid segments and a circular ankle-foot-roll-over shape (AFROS) for the foot-ground interaction. The input kinematic data and body segment parameter estimates are obtained from literature. Optimization is used to ensure that the kinematic data satisfy the constraint that the swing leg clears the ground in the single support (SS) phase. For the SS phase, using the segment angles as the generalized degrees of freedom (DOF), the kinematic component of the GRF is expressed analytically as the summation of weighted kinematics of individual segments. The weighting functions are constants that are functions of the segment masses and center of mass distances. Using this form of the equation for GRF, it is seen that the kinematics of the upper body segments do not contribute to the vertical component GRFy in SS phase enabling the reduction of a 16-DOF 14-segment model to a 10-DOF 7-segment model. It is seen that the model can be further reduced to a 3-DOF model for GRFy estimation in the SS phase of gait. The horizontal component GRFx is computed assuming that the net GRF vector passes through the center of mass (CoM). The GRF in double support phase is assumed to change linearly from one foot to the other. The sagittal plane internal joint forces and moments acting at the ankle, knee and hip are computed using the 3-DOF model and the 10-DOF model and compared with the results from literature. An AFROS and measurements of the stance shank and thigh rotations in the sagittal plane, and of the lower trunk (or pelvis) in the frontal plane provide sufficient kinematics in an inverse dynamics model to estimate the GRF and joint reaction forces and moments. Such a model has the potential to simplify gait analysis.
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Sharma, Sheshadri, und Richard Rodrigues Jettappa. „A Method to Determine the Exact Time Period of Oscillations of a Bifilar Pendulum“. In ASME Turbo Expo 2010: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2010-23531.
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A novel method to determine the exact time period of oscillations of a class of non-linear systems is presented. Taking the bifilar pendulum as an example, and employing the conservation of total energy concept, the free oscillations of the system is studied. The governing equation of motion of a bifilar pendulum is non-linear. The integration of this equation to obtain the time period of oscillation is highly complicated and only numerical solution is available. This is because the integral is singular at the extremities of the motion where the velocity will be zero. But, what cannot be achieved by integral calculus can be obtained easily by employing the definition of velocity taught in the high school curriculum. By employing this simple mathematical trick, this intractable equation is recast in a different but exact form. This leads to the identification of what is called the “Geometric Inertia” in bifilar pendulums. This Geometric Inertia is the additional inertia displayed by the system due to the constraint imposed by the two filaments as a result of the geometry of the pendulum. In the proposed method, the total displacement of the system is considered and divided into small equal segments. At the end points of each such segment, the corresponding velocity is calculated from the energy equation. Noting that the velocities are zero at the extremities of the system, an average velocity to each segment is calculated, and this average velocity is positive in each segment. The “delta” time spent by the system in each segment is now calculated by dividing the segment length by the average velocity of that segment. (From, time = displacement/velocity). The linear sum of such “delta” times gives the time period of oscillation. As the number of segments is increased, thereby reducing the segment length, the estimate becomes increasingly accurate. The proposed approach avoids a direct integration of complex, and often singular expressions that complicate the determination of time periods of oscillations of non-linear systems.
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Xu, Jia, Alexander G. Schwing und Raquel Urtasun. „Learning to segment under various forms of weak supervision“. In 2015 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cvpr.2015.7299002.
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Azimi, S. „In-Plane Vibration of Simply Supported-Simply Supported Circular Ring Segments“. In ASME 1991 Design Technical Conferences. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc1991-0287.
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Abstract The general in-plane vibration problem of circular ring segments having linear and torsional elastic constraints at the ends has been studied. One of the interesting cases of concern for which there exists an exact solution is the case where the linear and torsional spring stiffnesses in the circumferential direction become zero (Ku = 0, Kt = 0) and the linear spring stiffness in the radial direction becomes infinity (Kw = ∞). This case is the so-called simply supported-simply supported case. The general form of the equations of motion of circular rings with the proper boundary conditions at the ends have been employed to investigate the vibration of the ring segment. Results for natural frequencies and mode shapes for different angles of the segment have been presented.
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Fasching, Stephan, Sara Reichenbach, Tobias Huber und Johann Kollegger. „Post tensioned box girder bridges made from thin-walled pre- fabricated elements“. In IABSE Congress, New York, New York 2019: The Evolving Metropolis. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/newyork.2019.1520.
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<p>Nowadays large box-girder concrete bridges are either built using pre-cast segmental erection or in-situ casting of concrete. Using these methods sets limitations when it comes to construction speed or to segment length due to the weight of full-cast concrete segments. To close the gap between the two construction approaches, the Institute of Structural Engineering of the TU Wien has developed new technologies for bridge construction using thin-walled pre-fabricated elements originally used in building construction. Based on these developments, an innovative construction method has been proposed, which consists of the following steps:</p> <ul> <li>Highly automated production of thin-walled concrete elements in a pre-casting-plant</li> <li>On-site production of box-girder segments using thin-walled elements</li> <li>Connection of the segments with post-tensioning tendons to form a bridge girder</li> <li>Installation of the girder to its final position using any construction method as for example incremental launching or the balanced lift method</li> <li>Pumping of in-situ concrete, to complete the girder in the final position</li> </ul> <p>The presented research shows, that this approach is advantageous for construction methods, with large differences in bending moment distribution during the construction stages and the final state. The required amount of materials cannot only be reduced, but the construction process can be accelerated as well, therefore improving the efficiency in bridge construction. Results of tests on large-scale specimens, which will be described in detail, show the potential of the new method.</p>
Berichte der Organisationen zum Thema "Segment formy"
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Cook, Stephen, und Loyd Hook. Developmental Pillars of Increased Autonomy for Aircraft Systems. ASTM International, Januar 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/tr2-eb.
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Increased automation for aircraft systems holds the promise to increase safety, precision, and availability for manned and unmanned aircraft. Specifically, established aviation segments, such as general aviation and light sport, could utilize increased automation to make significant progress towards solving safety and piloting difficulties that have plagued them for some time. Further, many emerging market segments, such as urban air mobility and small unmanned (e.g., small parcel delivery with drones) have a strong financial incentive to develop increased automation to relieve the pilot workload, and/or replace in-the-loop pilots for most situations. Before these advances can safely be made, automation technology must be shown to be reliable, available, accurate, and correct within acceptable limits based on the level of risk these functions may create. However since inclusion of these types of systems is largely unprecedented at this level of aviation, what constitutes these required traits (and at what level they must be proven to) requires development as well. Progress in this domain will likely be captured and disseminated in the form of best practices and technical standards created with collaboration from regulatory and industry groups. This work intends to inform those standards producers, along with the system designers, with the goal of facilitating growth in aviation systems toward safe, methodical, and robust inclusion of these new technologies. Produced by members of the manned and unmanned small aircraft community, represented by ASTM task group AC 377, this work strives to suggest and describe certain fundamental principles, or “pillars”, of complex aviation systems development, which are applicable to the design and architectural development of increased automation for aviation systems.
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Baloch, Imdad, Tom Kaye, Saalim Koomar und Chris McBurnie. Pakistan Topic Brief: Providing Distance Learning to Hard-to-reach Children. EdTech Hub, Juni 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.53832/edtechhub.0026.
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The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in mass school closures across the world. It is expected that the closures in low- and -middle-income countries (LMICs) will have long-term negative consequences on education and also on broader development outcomes. Countries face a number of obstacles to effectively delivering alternative forms of education. Obstacles include limited experience in facing such challenges, limited teacher digital and pedagogical capacity, and infrastructure constraints related to power and connectivity. Furthermore, inequalities in learning outcomes are expected to widen within LMICs due to the challenges of implementing alternative modes of education in remote, rural or marginalised communities. It is expected that the most marginalised children will feel the most substantial negative impacts on their learning outcomes. Educational technology (EdTech) has been identified as a possible solution to address the acute impact of school closures through its potential to provide distance education. In this light, the DFID Pakistan team requested the EdTech Hub develop a topic brief exploring the use of EdTech to support distance learning in Pakistan. Specifically, the team requested the brief explore ways to provide distance education to children in remote rural areas and urban slums. The DFID team also requested that the EdTech Hub explore the different needs of those who have previously been to school in comparison to those who have never enrolled, with reference to EdTech solutions. In order to address these questions, this brief begins with an overview of the Pakistan education landscape. The second section of the brief explores how four modes of alternative education — TV, interactive radio instruction, mobile phones and online learning — can be used to provide alternative education to marginalised groups in Pakistan. Multimodal distance-learning approaches offer the best means of providing education to heterogeneous, hard-to-reach groups. Identifying various tools that can be deployed to meet the needs of specific population segments is an important part of developing a robust distance-learning approach. With this in mind, this section highlights examples of tools that could be used in Pakistan to support a multimodal approach that reaches the most hard-to-reach learners. The third and final section synthesises the article’s findings, presenting recommendations to inform Pakistan’s COVID-19 education response.<br> <br> This topic brief is available on Google Docs.