Dissertationen zum Thema „Secondary market analysis“

While the majority of the literature on secondary markets for tickets in the entertainment industry focuses on concerts and sporting events, this study aims to shed light specifically on the music festival resale market. Music festivals have risen in prominence in recent years, particularly among millennials, during the time that the internet has dramatically facilitated the resale of tickets through online marketplaces. With many of the top festivals selling out rapidly, a great deal of music fans turn to secondary markets for tickets. However, very little is known about the behavior of secondary markets for music festivals due to information not being readily available to the public. This study uses demand-side data including transaction prices and quantities acquired from one of the largest online secondary ticket marketplaces to examine market behavior. My findings show that on average, prices decline for music festivals as they approach, but that there are years for certain festivals where this isn’t the case. Other results show that markets for festivals with multiple weekends operate differently and that special artist performances such as band reunions can have a significant positive effect on consumer demand. Lastly, the majority of all ticket sales are found to take place in the final 30 days before music festivals transpire.

The process of accumulating human capital formally begins when individuals enter the education system. It is widely accepted that tracking students plays an important role in human capital production. This dissertation focuses on the practice and consequences of tracking students at the high school level. I use a variety of methods to analyze how students are assigned to tracks, the effects of tracks on the human capital stock, the flow of services from that stock, and to explore whether tracking affects the decision to drop out of high school. The analysis provides new perspectives in the economics of human capital and has important implications for education policy. Although tracking students by perceived ability is a long-standing practice, its merits have been hotly debated over the years. Chapter 3 explores one of the four tenants of tracking, whether or not it is a fair and accurate process. I analyze the possibility of racial or gender discrimination in track assignment and find that there is evidence of some racial discrimination in the case of African Americans and Latinos. The evidence of discrimination leads me to question whether tracking is indeed an accurate process. This has direct implications for education policy, as accuracy in track assignment is critical for the pedagogical goals of tracking. Chapter 4 considers whether or not tracking students in high school affects their productivity, as measured by their wages, once they enter the labor force. I present the school and work profiles of individuals in the different tracks, develop several stylized facts, and analyze the effect of tracking on the wage rate. I conclude that the value of an additional year of schooling is different across tracks. The decision to drop out of high school is both a private decision and a social decision. In chapter 5, I examine how peer effects can influence the decision to drop out for both high ability and low ability students. The model and evidence suggest that students already at risk for dropping out might be more likely to do so if they are placed in a track with similarly at-risk students.

A Case Study Market Analysis of Acceleration Mechanisms in Florida: Dual Enrollment Positioning. Laura Melissa Perry, 2013: Applied Dissertation, Nova Southeastern University, Abraham S. Fischler School of Education. ERIC Descriptors: Acceleration (Education), Competition, Dual Enrollment, Marketing, Recruitment

This applied dissertation explored dual enrollment viability when compared to other acceleration mechanisms: (a) advanced placement, (b) advanced international certificate of education, (c) international baccalaureate, and (d) college-level examination program. This multicase, qualitative study explored the competitiveness of dual enrollment versus other acceleration mechanism using Porter's model and the strengths-weaknessesopportunities-threats analysis as the theoretical frameworks. The study used one-on-one interviews to gather primary comparative information. Five groups were interviewed: (a) the vendors of the acceleration mechanisms, (b) state education officials, (c) district personnel, (d) high school representatives, and (e) higher education representatives. The acceleration mechanisms' educational objectives, their positioning, and any acceleration mechanisms' benefits to the various stakeholders were examined. Dual enrollment was compared to the other acceleration mechanisms to develop recommendations for improving the competitive positioning and viability of dual enrollment in Florida.

The study found that acceleration-mechanism options were complex and dynamic programs that were highly influenced by government policies and funding. Educational entities viewed the value of acceleration mechanisms differently, especially dual enrollment. All groups agreed that acceleration mechanisms provided rigorous curriculum for high school students to prepare for college. However, educational entities first wanted to protect their own interests and funding. In terms of dual enrollment, financial considerations remained a substantial motivation for the program. The study showed that all acceleration mechanisms offered benefits to participating students. However, the multifaceted and ever-changing nature of acceleration mechanisms provided no clear advantages or benefits for dual enrollment versus other acceleration mechanisms. Several recommendations are made that addressed concerns about the long-term value of dual enrollment for Florida institutions and students.

Immigrants in Sweden are often problematized in political and media debates especially in relation to lack of integration into the labor market. This study is based on secondary data analysis on the challenges that highly educated non-EU immigrants face in the process of integration into the Swedish labor market. Previous knowledge on the topic was found at the Malmö and Lund University Libraries and their databases. The aim of this study is to identify the challenges for non-EU immigrants to integrate into Swedish labor market, and to find out if the jobs they get is compatible to their academic qualifications obtained from their home countries. Also, it is to identify measures taken by the government to facilitate immigrants’ access to the labor market. The theories I used in this study are integration, human capital, and discrimination. The findings revealed that, poor knowledge of the Swedish language, lack of social network, discrimination and lack of recognition of immigrant’s educational qualifications were the main obstacles faced by highly educated immigrants from integrating into the labor market. Also, the findings reveal that the job positions of the highly educated immigrants in the Swedish labor market were lower than the educational qualifications they have from their countries of origin. In addition, the government had identified some of these challenges and have discussed plans for possible policy development to tackle these challenges.

Underwriters evaluate the optimum price of IPO issued shares and conduct underpricing based on a higher degree of risk and information asymmetry. These are calculated under a series of determined risk proxies that adjust the most suitable offering and opening price of IPOs in both main and second tier markets.   Quantitative results are obtained by regression analysis and t-test. It is verified that the degree of underpricing differs between main and second tier markets and this difference influences the risk proxies and the underwriters differently when evaluating the optimum price of IPOs.   This study performs a comparison of eight risk proxies; market volatility, age of the firm, leverage book value, earnings per share, bank prestige, leverage and IPO activity between the OMX as representative of the main market and Aktietorget as representative of the second tier market. The comparison reveals how these risk proxies influence the underpricing of an IPO in different Swedish stock markets.   A theoretical analysis, backed by 101 observations of several newly listed IPOs during the period from 2003 to 2013 indicates that IPOs in the secondary tier market are more underpriced than IPOs listed in the primary market. Regarding the influences from the variables, book value and market volatilities seem to have a strong influence on the degree of underpricing, in addition to the finding that there is no relation between the independent variables and underpricing of IPOs listed in the Aktietorget, it suggests that further research must be conducted in this area.

The focus of this research is Virginia’s Secondary Highway Construction System funding allocations and its impact on statewide deficient lane miles reduction. The research question guiding this study is: “Which of the four allocation models -- the current Secondary Highway System allocation model or one of three alternatives of this model based on Brian D. Taylor’s geographic equity categories (outcome, opportunity, and market) best maximizes statewide deficient lane miles reductions?” Taylor defines each of these geographic equity categories (independent variables for this study) for all levels of government. While Taylor’s research focus has been on equity as it relates to transit and congestion pricing, this study applied his construct to highways. As a result of scanning subjects related to transportation, the need for this study became apparent. Since the 1980’s, Virginia’s highway allocation formula has not changed (Virginia Department of Transportation, 2005). The Virginia General Assembly has sponsored follow-up studies through a series of resolutions over the years (Auditor of Pubic Accounts, 2004). To date, none of the legislatively sponsored research findings have prompted an update of Virginia’s highway allocation formula (Virginia Transportation Research Council, 2008). There is a significant academic and professional literature on federal transportation politics and specific transportation engineering issues. However, there is very limited research on the development of state level highway transportation funding methodologies. This study used the quantitative research approach, which is concerned with determining the relationship between one factor (an independent variable) and another (a dependent or outcome variable) in a population (Walker, 2005, Newman, 1998, and Geddes, 1990). Therefore, this study employed the quantitative research approach to study cause and effect (Mulhall, 2004, Loughborough, 1995, and Collier 1995) relationships of Virginia’s Secondary construction allocations to individual counties and statewide deficient lane miles reductions overall. The .20 portion of the formula for area was examined because this data rarely changes due to locality annexations. Conversely, the .80 portion of the formula was excluded from the analysis because of the demographic variability due to population shifts. As such, the Federal Highway Administration and states update population statistics from the decennial census with the apportionment of funds for formula based programs such as Virginia’s Secondary Highway Construction program (Federal Register, 2002). This researcher concluded that of the four geographic allocation models, the geographic opportunity equity maximized an additional 4.15 statewide deficient lane miles reductions over the baseline model. This study recommends using the geographic opportunity equity model when allocating Virginia’s Secondary Highway Construction funds to maximize the statewide deficient lane miles reductions above the baseline model, the geographic market equity model and the geographic outcome equity model.

At the end of 2008, the sector of secondary raw materials, as well as a major part of other sectors of economy, has been hit by a global economical recession. In comparison with usual incidences as sales, employment or payment problems, the recession had here, nevertheless, one specificity -- impact upon environment. The secondary raw materials are used to be employed by the manufacturers to the production of goods provided their price is lower than this of primary commodities. However, in the said period, consumer demand and production decreased, and in this consequence also prices of primary raw materials diminished heavily. Thereby the market of secondary raw materials practically stopped. But it was not possible to stop also their production, because recycling, process of secondary raw materials manufacture, is compulsory in the EU countries. Due to this situation, fears on the collapse of the whole system of waste separation occurred, but also different proposals for solutions of this problem appeared. Although the situation on the market for secondary raw materials in the latest months starts to be stabilized, this problem is always actual and that's why it became also theme of this dissertation. Thus, this diploma paper's objective is to make an attempt to characterize the current situation in the market for secondary raw materials with the exploitation of the institutional analysis and, subsequently, to examine its changes evoked by the introduction of the "anti-crisis" measures. The practical part of these theses is based on the application of the method developed by proprietress of the Nobel Prize for economy for 2009, Elinor Ostrom, and her colleagues at Indiana University, so-called IAD Framework -- Institutional Analysis and Development Framework. This selected research method is relatively unknown in our place and so a quite new and authentic view at this whole matter can be therefore expected.

Following thesis deals with development of business activities of company ZETOR TRACTORS, a. s. on Australian market. First part of the thesis is focused on theory, basic terms, methods and tools used for planning of development of business activities. Current situation of the company and market environment is analyzed after that. Major goal of the thesis is proposal of recommended option for development of current business activities on Australian market.

The digital payment industry has become one of the fastest evolving markets in the world, but in the wake of its rapid advancement, an ever increasing gap between academic theory and the actual reality of this market widens - and especially so when it comes to entry theory. It is widely acknowledged that the world is moving towards an ever more homogeneous economy, but despite the fact that payment preferences differ greatly from country to country - research on this subject continues to revolve mainly around localized efforts. But as historical inequalities between poor and rich societies continue to dissipate - learning from nations at the forefront of technological advancement increases the likelihood that the developed strategy becomes applicable to an increased number of countries. By selecting a nation most conducive to technological growth, the purpose of this report is to map the present dynamics in its digital payment industry using both recent and traditional market entry theory. However, studies geared towards globalized strategy formulation cannot be assumed as having guaranteed access to internal company-data at all times. So in order to facilitate such studies, the level of dependency on primary data required for conducting such research needs to be understood first, which is why the work in this report is constrained strictly to data of secondary nature. This, not only to further map the characteristics of this market, but also to see how open the market is to public inspection. Ultimately, the academic contribution becomes that of providing a road-map towards adapting currently available market entry theory to suit the rapidly evolving conditions of the digital payment industry from a global perspective and, when failing to do so, the aim is to also explore avenues for further research towards this end goal.

The aim of the master thesis named Valuation of the company Bankovní akademie - Gymnázium a Střední odborná škola, a.s. is to estimate market value of the company as at the date of August 31, 2015. The common valuation methods are used in the process of determination of the value. At first, the company is being shortly introduced, which is followed by a strategic and a financial analysis in order to examine the companys financial soundness and assess the perspective of the companys future. The conclusions of the analysis are used for value drivers prognosis and financial plan elaboration, which is followed by valuation of the company. Taking into account the good prospects of the company I choose the DCF equity method to determine its value. The comparable transactions method is used as a supplemental valuation method.

The aim of this diploma thesis is to analyze a buyer decision process of consumers in choice of mobile phone operator with a focus on individual. The diploma thesis is divided in six parts. The first and second parts focus on theory of marketing of services with an emphasis on services of mobile operators followed by consumer behavior. Next part covers problems of mobile phone operator's market. Next key part is buyer decision process of consumers in choice of mobile phone operator based on secondary (agency) data and based on results from analysis of a questionnaire. A summary of acquired results is compared to all phases of buyer decision process in sixth part. Comparing of results for picked customer segment with actual offer of mobile operators in Czech Republic is at the end of this thesis.

Syfte och frågeställningar Syftet med uppsatsen är att få en förståelse för vad det är elever som söker till gymnasieskolan kan tänkas möta då de läser recensionstexter. Syftet är således att kartlägga recensionssystemets omfattning och innehåll kvantitativt; vad som tas upp i recensionstexterna, samt att undersöka hur recensionstexterna är konstruerade. Avslutningsvis syftar uppsatsen till att diskutera recensionssystemet i en större samhällskontext - som ett resultat av och en del i vår samtid. Vilka ämnen och teman förekommer i recensionstexter av gymnasieskolor samt hur frekvent är förekomsten?  Hur värderas (positivt, negativt eller neutralt) de olika temana i recensionerna?  På vilket sätt är recensionstexterna konstruerade och hur kan det tolkas? På vilket sätt framträder en skolmarknadsdiskurs i recensionstexterna? Metod De kvantitativa frågorna undersöks genom en innehållsanalys av slumpmässigt utvalda recensioner på gymnasieskolor i Stockholms län. De förekomna orden kvantifieras och delas in i teman, kategorieroch subkategorier. En bedömning görs även utifrån om de förekomna orden lyfts i en positiv, negativ eller neutral kontext. Den kvalitativa delen utgörs av en textanalys inspirerad av diskursanalysen. Av ett antal utvalda recensioner, baserat på dess innehållsliga relevans, analyseras dessa semantiskt med diskursanalytiska verktyg. I diskussions- och analysdelen behandlas resultatet utifrån det teoretiska ramverket och tidigare forskning.  Resultat Av innehållsanalysen framgår att de vanligast förekommande temana var allmänna värdeomdömen om skolan, att kommentera lärare samt skolans upplägg och utbildningens kvalité. Det är även vanligt att sociala aspekter så som atmosfär och gemenskap lyfts fram i recensionerna. Av den kvalitativa delen framgår det att recensenterna uttrycker sig på ett sätt som speglar skolmarknadsdiskursen. I somliga fall framgår tydligt hur recensenten anammat skolmarknadsdiskursen. Slutsats Resultatet indikerar att recensionssystemet riskerar att generera segregerande effekter. Framförallt utifrån den asymmetriska tillgången av information och att skola och identitet knyts allt närmare varandra. Detta förtydligas och ställs på sin spets i hur recensionerna är konstruerade och kan, i vissa fall, tänkas vara svårare att bearbeta då gemene elev tenderar att se recensenter som objektiva (till skillnad från övrig tillgänglig information).
Aim The aim with this study is to explore what kind of information pupils, searching for upper secondary school, might get from reading reviews of schools. The purpose is thus to quantify the scope and content of the review system quantitatively; what is mentioned in the review texts, and to examine how the review are textually constructed. Finally, the paper aims to discuss the review system in a larger social context - as a result of and a part of our time. What topics occur in reviews of upper secondary schools and how frequent is the occurrence? How are the different themes in the reviews valued (positive, negative or neutral)? In what way are the review texts constructed and how can it be interpreted? In what way does a school market discourse appear in the reviews? Method The quantitative questions are examined through a content analysis on randomly selected reviews of upper secondary schools in Stockholm County. The words in question are quantified and divided into themes, categories and subcategories. An assessment is also made based on whether the existing words are lifted in a positive, negative or neutral context. The qualitative part consists of a text analysis inspired by the discourse analysis. From a number of selected reviews, based on its substantive relevance, these are semantically analyzed with discourse analytics tools. In a merged discussion and analysis section, the result is treated on the basis of the theoretical framework and previous research. Results The content analysis shows that the most common themes were general value reviews of the school, commenting on teachers and the school's structure and the quality of the education. It is also common to mention social aspects such as atmosphere and cohesion. From the qualitative part it appears that the reviewers express themselves in a way that reflects the school market discourse. In some cases, it is clear that the reviewer has adopted the school market discourse.  Conclusion The result indicates that the review system risks generating segregating effects. Especially based on the asymmetric availability of information and the fact that school and identity are getting more connected. This is clarified and put on its tip in how the reviews are constructed and, in some cases, may be more difficult to process when the common student tends to see reviewers as objective (in contrast to other available sources of information).

Secondary markets have not historically possessed the characteristics necessary for market power to emerge, or effective product differentiation to be implemented. The potential effects of these characteristics on primary – secondary market interaction is generally not considered. The law of one price is expected to hold in secondary markets. By applying the hedonic technique to producer theory, and integrating the durability of the product directly into the profit maximizing conditions, potential differences in implicit prices between customer segments in the used bucket truck market are estimated. Applying weighted least squares to the hedonic equation, parameters were estimated to indicate whether differences in hedonic prices exist between customer segments in the secondary, utility construction equipment market. The hedonic approach accounted for differences in price due to physical characteristics, while underlying supply and demand conditions were accounted for using indicator variables for time. Estimated differences in the effects of physical characteristics on price, between industries, were identified using interaction terms. Results of the econometric estimation indicate that differences in physical product characteristics do not fully account for differences in price between customer segments in the secondary bucket truck market. If the law of one price can be violated in a secondary market, this could indicate market power. Future research on primary – secondary market interaction should consider the potential effects, if such market power does indeed exist.

碩士
國立臺灣大學
新聞研究所
101
This study tries to find out the impact of market competition on the credibility of four newspapers in Taiwan, trying to know the change of newspaper credibility, when Apple Daily began to operate in Taiwan in 2003. And this study wants to know which factors influence people’s perceptions of newspaper. By analysing the data from Taiwan Social Change Survey of 1998, 2003 and 2008, this study finds that the newspaper credibility declined, and there are differences in perceptions regarding newspaper credibility. In addition, this study indicates that people’s political preferences would influence them in choosing newspaper, and the results also show that there are differences in reading newspapers’ political news in different newspapers. The results also indicate that there are different factors that influence the credibility of newspaper at different times.

The research was based on a secondary analysis of a qualitative market research study conducted for the SABC on the soap opera Isidingo. The data used in the study includes 10 focus groups, five diaries of loyal soap opera viewers who were asked not to watch Isidingo for a week and keep a record of their experience, a focus group conducted with these viewers after the completion of the deprivation exercise, the market researcher’s field notes, the market research report and the academic researcher’s own reflective diary. The analysis was conducted within a hermeneutic phenomenological interpretive framework. A model for the psychological processes that culminate in positive viewing experiences and audience loyalty to a soap opera is presented. The model illustrates how viewers use soap world knowledge and real world knowledge to interpret the characters and storylines of soap operas and that the degree of enjoyment the viewer experiences from viewing, is dependant on the quality of the mental models formed of these respective components. The role that transportation, realism, social influences and timeslot play in the engagement process is also defined. The study illustrates a hermeneutic phenomenological research pathway for qualitative research and demonstrates how market research can be explicated for academic gain. Copyright
Dissertation (MA)--University of Pretoria, 2010.
Psychology
unrestricted

This dissertation interrogates the deficit assumptions about English proficiency of skilled immigrants who were recruited by Canadian governments between the late 1990s and early 2000s. Through the lens of literacy as social practice, the eighteen-month ethnographic qualitative research explores the sequential experiences of settlement and economic integration of seven well-educated Chinese immigrant professionals. The analytical framework is built on sociocultural approaches to literacy and learning, as well as the theories of discourses and language reproduction. Using multiple data sources (observations, conversational interviews, journal and diary entries, photographs, documents, and artifacts collected in everyday lives), I document many different ways that well-educated Chinese immigrants take advantage of their language and literacy skills in English across several social domains of home, school, job market, and workplace. Examining the trans-contextual patterning of the participants’ language and literacy activities reveals that immigrant professionals use literacy as assistance in seeking, negotiating, and taking hold of resources and opportunities within certain social settings. However, my data show that their language and literacy engagements might not always generate positive consequences for social networks, job opportunities, and upward economic mobility. Close analyses of processes and outcomes of the participants’ engagements across these discursive discourses make it very clear that the monolithic assumptions of the dominant language shape and reinforce structural barriers by constraining their social participation, decision making, and learning practice, and thereby make literacy’s consequences unpredictable. The deficit model of language proficiency serves the grounds for linguistic stereotypes and economic marginalization, which produces profoundly consequential effects on immigrants’ pathways as they strive for having access to resources and opportunities in the new society. My analyses illuminate the ways that language and literacy create the complex web of discursive spaces wherein institutional agendas and personal desires are intertwined and collide in complex ways that constitute conditions and processes of social and economic mobility of immigrant populations. Based on these analyses, I argue that immigrants’ successful integration into a host country is not about the mastery of the technical skills in the dominant language. Rather, it is largely about the recognition and acceptance of the value of their language use and literacy practice as they attempt to partake in the globalized new economy.