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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema „Science biological sciences biophysics“

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Autor: Grafiati

Veröffentlicht am 25. Juli 2024

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1

Lima, Silvio Felipe Barbosa. „PECEN Publications in the Field of Biological Sciences: Present and Future“. Pesquisa e Ensino em Ciências Exatas e da Natureza 1, Nr. 2 (11.12.2017): 84. http://dx.doi.org/10.29215/pecen.v1i2.445.

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Biological Sciences is the discipline that studies the most diverse aspects of microscopic and macroscopic life forms on earth. This vast field of studies enables biologists to follow numerous paths according to their professional interest.<br />Biological Sciences has made rapid advances in Biochemistry, Biophysics, Biotechnology, Botany, Cell Biology, Ecology, Ethnobiology, Evolutionary Biology, Genetics, Immunology, Mycology, Microbiology, Morphology, Parasitology, Physiology and Zoology. In some cases, the expansion of different fields of Biological Sciences is tied to the crisis of biodiversity and environmental problems, such as the extinction of species, the introduction of invasive exotic species, increasing habitat loss and degradation, the overexploitation of natural resources, pollution, diseases and human-induced climate change.<br />In 2017, Pesquisa e Ensino em Ciências Exatas e da Natureza/Research and Teaching in Exact and Natural Sciences (PECEN) received 28 manuscripts for evaluation and published 18 papers, all related to the field of Biological Sciences. An analysis of the papers published in year shows that the field of Zoology (branch of Biology that studies the animal kingdom) has been the flagship of publications with 7 papers so far. Among the contributions within Zoology published in PECEN are papers involving the following sub-fields of knowledge: (2) Morphology of Recent Groups; (4) Taxonomy of Recent Groups; and (3) “ecological interactions” – phenomenon and object of study also in the field of Ecology. In 2017, PECEN also published important contributions in the fields of Ecology (2), Environmental Sciences (1), Health and Biological Science (1), Mycology (2) and Science Teaching (2).<br />Contributions in the fields of biodiversity and science teaching will undoubtedly continue to play an important role in the scientific production of PECEN in both qualitative and quantitative terms. However, given the vast field of Biological Sciences, we expect a substantial increase in the number of publications on the most diverse subjects in 2018.<br />It is important to emphasize that PECEN is a multidisciplinary journal that receives contributions from diverse fields, such as Agrarian, Biomedical, Chemical, Earth, Environmental, Health and Exact and Natural Sciences. The fundamental mission is to strengthen multidisciplinary publications through scientific and theoretical-methodological studies as well as thematic literature reviews. Regardless of the number of submissions, the main factor for publication in PECEN is the importance and quality of the contributions.

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Freitas-Ferreira, Emmanuel, Danielle De Oliveira, Heberson Teixeira Da Silva, Kaynara Trevisan und Tales Alexandre Aversi-Ferreira. „Comments on the teaching of thermodynamics in an environmental sciences post graduation discipline“. OBSERVATÓRIO DE LA ECONOMÍA LATINOAMERICANA 21, Nr. 9 (23.09.2023): 12380–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.55905/oelv21n9-101.

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The sciences related to mathematics and that have mathematics as a tool present the same kind of problem in the learning process, hence, also, in their teaching; for example, the teaching of biophysics that show problems because is an exact discipline and, also, teaching for biological areas where people, usually, don’t is familiarized with mathematics way. In this work some didactic approaches to associate the teaching of thermodynamics to Environmental Science subjects in a literature search were performed, using the concepts of new teaching methodologies, proposing an approach to improve the conditions of understanding about environmental problems. A bibliographic survey was carried out by searching for data on thermodynamics, teaching, environmental sciences within the CAPES periodicals platform, which allows finding texts in other databases such as Scielo, Scopus, Web of Science. Additional material was obtained by searching in Google Academic. The main works consulted dealt more specifically with “exact sciences education”, “environmental education”, “biophysics education”, “environmental” and others. In total, 42 texts were analyzed and separated by subject content 21 about exact sciences education, 8 about environment education, 5 about biophysics education, 5 about environment and 3 for other subjects used to justify some ideas. Final considerations: In conclusion, the deficits in the teaching of exact sciences with a focus on thermodynamics are real in teaching in Brazil, with practical evidence in the discipline on Environmental Sciences in a graduate course, but whose students' distress in learning mobilized a path of studies in the production of a work to alert and indicate ways, within the modern technologies of teaching, to assist the teaching of thermodynamics in education since elementary school. So, it is urgent that the teaching of environmental sciences is improved, that modern teaching technologies are made effective in teaching with an emphasis on the exact sciences, so that a more robust education allows important themes to be deepened in higher and post-graduate education with at least less discomfort for students and teachers.

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Lyon, Pamela, Fred Keijzer, Detlev Arendt und Michael Levin. „Reframing cognition: getting down to biological basics“. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 376, Nr. 1820 (25.01.2021): 20190750. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2019.0750.

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The premise of this two-part theme issue is simple: the cognitive sciences should join the rest of the life sciences in how they approach the quarry within their research domain. Specifically, understanding how organisms on the lower branches of the phylogenetic tree become familiar with, value and exploit elements of an ecological niche while avoiding harm can be expected to aid understanding of how organisms that evolved later (including Homo sapiens ) do the same or similar things. We call this approach basal cognition. In this introductory essay, we explain what the approach involves. Because no definition of cognition exists that reflects its biological basis, we advance a working definition that can be operationalized; introduce a behaviour-generating toolkit of capacities that comprise the function (e.g. sensing/perception, memory, valence, learning, decision making, communication), each element of which can be studied relatively independently; and identify a (necessarily incomplete) suite of common biophysical mechanisms found throughout the domains of life involved in implementing the toolkit. The articles in this collection illuminate different aspects of basal cognition across different forms of biological organization, from prokaryotes and single-celled eukaryotes—the focus of Part 1—to plants and finally to animals, without and with nervous systems, the focus of Part 2. By showcasing work in diverse, currently disconnected fields, we hope to sketch the outline of a new multidisciplinary approach for comprehending cognition, arguably the most fascinating and hard-to-fathom evolved function on this planet. Doing so has the potential to shed light on problems in a wide variety of research domains, including microbiology, immunology, zoology, biophysics, botany, developmental biology, neurobiology/science, regenerative medicine, computational biology, artificial life and synthetic bioengineering. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Basal cognition: conceptual tools and the view from the single cell’.

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Parikh, Atul N., und Jay T. Groves. „Materials Science of Supported Lipid Membranes“. MRS Bulletin 31, Nr. 7 (Juli 2006): 507–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/mrs2006.134.

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Supported membranes represent an elegant route to designing well-defined fluid interfaces which mimic many physical-chemical properties of biological membranes. Recent years have witnessed rapid growth in the applications of physical and materials science approaches in understanding and controlling lipid membranes. Applying these approaches is enabling the determination of their structure-dynamics-function relations and allowing the design of membrane-mimetic devices. The collection of articles presented in this issue of MRS Bulletin illustrates the breadth of activity in this growing partnership between materials science and biophysics. Together, these articles highlight some of the key challenges of cellular membranes and exemplify their utility in fundamental biophysical studies and technological applications. The topics covered also confirm the importance of lipid membranes as an exciting example of soft condensed matter. We hope that this issue will serve readers by highlighting the intellectual scope and emerging opportunities in this highly interdisciplinary area of materials research.

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Uemura, Sotaro. „Probing the individuality of cells and molecules“. Open Access Government 40, Nr. 1 (25.10.2023): 276–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.56367/oag-040-10958.

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Probing the individuality of cells and molecules Sotaro Uemura, Professor at the University of Tokyo, probes the individuality of cells and molecules. The Uemura Laboratory was established in the Division of Advanced Photon Life Sciences, part of the Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, at the University of Tokyo. Our research centres on biophysics, focusing on studying single-molecule genetics, particularly the unique aspects of molecules and cells. Human beings each have their distinct characteristics. Differences in things like gender, where we come from, physical attributes, health, and personality are examples. Bringing all these different individual traits together creates diversity, and our society is built upon this diversity.

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Cignitti, M. „A Sourcebook for the Biological Sciences.“ Bioelectrochemistry and Bioenergetics 14, Nr. 4-6 (Dezember 1985): 523. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0302-4598(85)80028-3.

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7

Kang, Jonghoon, und Crystal B. Purnell. „Implications for Undergraduate Education of Two Interdisciplinary Biological Sciences: Biochemistry and Biophysics“. CBE—Life Sciences Education 10, Nr. 2 (Juni 2011): 111–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1187/cbe.10-09-0124.

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S, El Asri. „The Use of Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy for Medical Application: A Mini Review“. Physical Science & Biophysics Journal 7, Nr. 1 (05.01.2023): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/psbj-16000250.

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Electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) has emerged as a powerful technique in biophysics, enabling the analysis of biological tissues, cell behavior, and the development of biosensors. By measuring the impedance response of biological systems across a range of frequencies, EIS provides valuable insights into the electrical properties and structural characteristics of tissues and cells. This paper provides an overview of fundamental principles of EIS and the application of impedance spectroscopy in biophysic, highlighting its potential in understanding tissue properties, monitoring cell behavior, and designing biosensors for various biomedical applications.

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Mørtz, Ejvind. „Mass spectrometry in the biological sciences“. FEBS Letters 388, Nr. 1 (10.06.1996): 86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0014-5793(96)88174-9.

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Rhys, Natasha H. „Exploring the realm of soft matter biophysics: an early career perspective“. Emerging Topics in Life Sciences 6, Nr. 6 (21.12.2022): 555–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/etls20220110.

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This special issue of Emerging Topics in Life Sciences presents a selection of reviews that give insight into the vast array of research taking place in the fields of soft matter and biophysics, and where these two intersect. The reviews here cover the full range from the fundamentals of how biological systems may have assembled to how we can use this insight to develop and exploit new biomaterials for the future, all informed through the lens of the physical sciences. This issue has been both written and edited by early career researchers, highlighting the cutting-edge contributions that this generation of researchers is bringing to the field.

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DEFORZH, Hanna. „THE THEORY OF EVOLUTIONARY DOCTRINE AND ITS ROLE IN THE FORMATION OF THE SCIENTIFIC OUTLOOK OF STUDENTS IN THE TRAINING SYSTEM FOR TEACHERS OF NATURAL EDUCATION“. Scientific Bulletin of Flight Academy. Section: Pedagogical Sciences 13 (2023): 26–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.33251/2522-1477-2023-13-26-33.

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The article examines the importance of the educational discipline ″Theory of Evolutionary Teaching″ in the system of training future teachers of natural sciences. The role of this discipline in the formation of students’ scientific outlook is highlighted. The main part of the scientific worldview contains the views and beliefs that were formed on the basis of knowledge about nature and society and became the internal position of the individual. The theory of evolution forms scientific views and beliefs about the structure of the universe, the origin of life on Earth, the origin of man, and others. The educational and professional programs implemented in the Volodymyr Vynnychenko Central Ukrainian State University at the Department of Natural Sciences and Methods of their teaching were analyzed. These educational and professional programs present a number of general, professional competencies and program learning outcomes. Among general competencies, the ability to form a scientific worldview, development of human existence, society and nature, and spiritual culture are listed. Among the professional competences, the ability to use biological concepts, laws, concepts, teachings and theories of Biology to explain and develop students' understanding of the integrity and interdependence of living systems and organisms are mentioned; the ability to understand and be able to explain the structure, functions, vital activity, reproduction, classification, origin, distribution, use of living organisms and systems of all levels of organization; the ability to reveal the essence of biological phenomena, processes and technologies, to solve biological problems; the ability to explain to specialists and non-specialists the strategy of sustainable development of mankind and ways of solving its global problems based on a deep understanding of modern problems of natural sciences. Among the learning outcomes, it is indicated that a student knows biological terminology and nomenclature, understands the basic concepts, theories and general structure of biological science; as well he or she knows the basic laws and provisions of genetics, molecular biology, and the theory of evolution. The working program of the academic discipline and its contents were also analyzed. The structure and integration of this subject is shown, which combines such natural sciences as: genetics, molecular biology, biochemistry, ecology, paleontology, morphology, systematics, embryology, comparative anatomy and physiology, anthropology, biophysics, quantum physics, nuclear physics, astronomy, biocybernetics, biogeography, paleogeography, geology and other sciences. Keywords: theory of evolutionary teaching, natural sciences, biology, biology and chemistry teacher, natural sciences teacher, scientific outlook, competences.

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Wada, A. „Fundamental significance of DNA mass-sequencing factory for biological sciences in future“. Advances in Biophysics 30 (1994): 85–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0065-227x(94)90011-6.

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13

Sinclair, John. „Complex Biophysics General Biophysics M. V. Volkenstien“. BioScience 35, Nr. 5 (Mai 1985): 316–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1309943.

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14

Pupillo, P. „Blue Light Effects in Biological Systems. Proceedings in Life Sciences.“ Bioelectrochemistry and Bioenergetics 15, Nr. 2 (April 1986): 299–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0302-4598(86)80037-x.

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15

O'Hara, Kieron, Richard Morris, Nigel Shadbolt, Graham J. Hitch, Wendy Hall und Neil Beagrie. „Memories for life: a review of the science and technology“. Journal of The Royal Society Interface 3, Nr. 8 (13.04.2006): 351–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2006.0125.

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This paper discusses scientific, social and technological aspects of memory. Recent developments in our understanding of memory processes and mechanisms, and their digital implementation, have placed the encoding, storage, management and retrieval of information at the forefront of several fields of research. At the same time, the divisions between the biological, physical and the digital worlds seem to be dissolving. Hence, opportunities for interdisciplinary research into memory are being created, between the life sciences, social sciences and physical sciences. Such research may benefit from immediate application into information management technology as a testbed. The paper describes one initiative, memories for life, as a potential common problem space for the various interested disciplines.

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Nelson, Philip C. „Learning biological physics via modeling and simulation: A course for science and bioengineering undergraduates“. Biophysical Journal 122, Nr. 3 (Februar 2023): 297a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bpj.2022.11.1680.

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17

Bianca, Carlo. „Interplay and multiscale modeling of complex biological systems“. AIMS Biophysics 9, Nr. 1 (2022): 56–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/biophy.2022005.

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<abstract> <p>Recently the understanding of complex biological systems has been increased considering the important interplay among different scholars coming from different applied sciences such as mathematics, physics and information sciences. As known, the modeling of a complex system requires the analysis of the different interactions occurring among the different components of the system. Moreover, the analysis of a complex system can be performed at different scales; usually the microscopic, the mesoscopic and the macroscopic scales are the most representation scales. However, a multiscale approach is required. A unified approach that takes into account the different phenomena occurring at each observation scale is the desire of this century. This editorial article deals with the topic of this special issue, which is devoted to the new developments in the multiscale modeling of complex biological systems with special attention to the interplay between different scholars.</p> </abstract>

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Ichimura, Taro, und Mutsuo Nuriya. „Symposium report: understanding biological systems with quantum science and technology“. Biophysical Reviews 12, Nr. 2 (28.02.2020): 287–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12551-020-00655-y.

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Board, Editorial. „NIKOLAI FEDOROVICH GAMALIYA (1932–2016)“. Experimental Oncology 38, Nr. 2 (22.06.2016): 144. http://dx.doi.org/10.31768/2312-8852.2016.38(2):144.

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Professor Nikolai Fedorovich Gamaliya, well-known scientist in the field of laser biomedical research, biophysicist, authority in experimental oncology, Laureate of the State Prize in Science and Techno logy of Ukraine, Head of the Department of Biological Effects of Ionizing and Non-Ionizing Radiation of R.E. Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) of Ukraine died on June 14, 2016 at the age of 83.

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Shaw, Daniel S., und Kevin C. Honeychurch. „Nanosensor Applications in Plant Science“. Biosensors 12, Nr. 9 (24.08.2022): 675. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bios12090675.

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Plant science is a major research topic addressing some of the most important global challenges we face today, including energy and food security. Plant science has a role in the production of staple foods and materials, as well as roles in genetics research, environmental management, and the synthesis of high-value compounds such as pharmaceuticals or raw materials for energy production. Nanosensors—selective transducers with a characteristic dimension that is nanometre in scale—have emerged as important tools for monitoring biological processes such as plant signalling pathways and metabolism in ways that are non-destructive, minimally invasive, and capable of real-time analysis. A variety of nanosensors have been used to study different biological processes; for example, optical nanosensors based on Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) have been used to study protein interactions, cell contents, and biophysical parameters, and electrochemical nanosensors have been used to detect redox reactions in plants. Nanosensor applications in plants include nutrient determination, disease assessment, and the detection of proteins, hormones, and other biological substances. The combination of nanosensor technology and plant sciences has the potential to be a powerful alliance and could support the successful delivery of the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals. However, a lack of knowledge regarding the health effects of nanomaterials and the high costs of some of the raw materials required has lessened their commercial impact.

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Kang, Jonghoon, Seyeon Park, Aarya Venkat und Adarsh Gopinath. „Quantitative Analysis of the Trends Exhibited by the Three Interdisciplinary Biological Sciences: Biophysics, Bioinformatics, and Systems Biology“. Journal of Microbiology & Biology Education 16, Nr. 2 (01.12.2015): 198–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jmbe.v16i2.949.

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Gerecht, Karola, Niklas Freund, Wei Liu, Yang Liu, Maximilian J. L. J. Fürst und Philipp Holliger. „The Expanded Central Dogma: Genome Resynthesis, Orthogonal Biosystems, Synthetic Genetics“. Annual Review of Biophysics 52, Nr. 1 (09.05.2023): 413–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-biophys-111622-091203.

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Synthetic biology seeks to probe fundamental aspects of biological form and function by construction [i.e., (re)synthesis] rather than deconstruction (analysis). In this sense, biological sciences now follow the lead given by the chemical sciences. Synthesis can complement analytic studies but also allows novel approaches to answering fundamental biological questions and opens up vast opportunities for the exploitation of biological processes to provide solutions for global problems. In this review, we explore aspects of this synthesis paradigm as applied to the chemistry and function of nucleic acids in biological systems and beyond, specifically, in genome resynthesis, synthetic genetics (i.e., the expansion of the genetic alphabet, of the genetic code, and of the chemical make-up of genetic systems), and the elaboration of orthogonal biosystems and components.

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Flomenbom, Ophir, Ramón Castañeda-Priego und François Peeters. „Introduction“. Biophysical Reviews and Letters 09, Nr. 04 (Dezember 2014): 301–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793048014030015.

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In this document, we present the Special Issue's projects; these include reviews and articles about mathematical solutions and formulations of single-file dynamics (SFD), yet also its computational modeling, experimental evidence, and value in explaining real life occurrences. In particular, we introduce projects focusing on electron dynamics on liquid helium in channels with changing width, on the zig-zag configuration in files with longitudinal movement, on expanding files, on both heterogeneous and slow files, on files with external forces, and on the importance of the interaction potential shape on the particle dynamics along the file. Applications of SFD are of intrinsic value in life sciences, biophysics, physics, and materials science, since they can explain a large diversity of many-body systems, e.g., biological channels, biological motors, membranes, crowding, electron motion in proteins, etc. These systems are explained in all the projects that participate in this topical issue. This Special Issue can therefore intrigue, inspire and advance scientifically young people, yet also those scientists that actively work in this field.

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P, Renati. „Relationships and Causation in Living Matter: Reframing Some Methods in Life Sciences?“ Physical Science & Biophysics Journal 6, Nr. 2 (05.07.2022): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/psbj-16000217.

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In this paper I want to enrich, on the methodological and epistemological side, an earlier review of mine (in which there are more details on the physics of electrodynamic coherence), aiming to stimulate attention to some seemingly trivial or irrelevant aspects, but, in my opinion, very subtle and of crucial importance in the study of living dynamics in various disciplines (physics, biology, medicine, philosophy of science). The conceptual core is: to understand that a living system cannot be conceived, and therefore neither studied, as “an object”, “a body.” The (in essence) relational nature of the living being finds its foundations in dissipation, symmetry breakings and field theories capable to count for multiple levels of vacuum (such as Quantum Field Theory, QFT), and sees the living phase of condensed matter (on an aqueous basis) as a consequence of bosonic condensation of correlation quanta (the well-known Nambu-Goldstone bosons) over an extended and interrelated hierarchy of degrees of freedom to which a (super)coherent is associated state. In there the matter and energy components of the biological system are subjected to phase correlations to give rise to a holo-state, shared over the whole system, from which a self, endowed with continuity, emerges and thus also a biological identity rooted in a dissipative thermodynamic history. However, this “identity” is like the river of Heraclitus’ anecdote: it is a flow and not an object existing in itself, nor static; dynamics, change, are all that lasts, while water, is always different. So holds for an organism that is, in fact, an organizationally closed system, but (and precisely because) thermodynamically open. This condition implies that the study of any biological system is de facto the study of a flow of relationships, and the living system (whether a cell, a complex organism, or an ecosystem) should be conceived as a process dissipatively coupled to its environment and as a producer of responses following an autopoietic order, inherent in the very condition of coherence (as long as it exists). Once this is recognized: • We obtain the possibility of reducing (without ontological discontinuities) sophisticated emergent properties (such as sensing, perception, semantics, teleology, adaptation, memory) irreducible to the deterministic laws of the elementary components of which, nonetheless, the living matter is composed (and to the laws of which it is therefore equally subjected); • Such properties result in the emergence of “biological laws” that, in addition to physical laws, dictating action-reaction relationships, describe stimulus-response relationships (with enormously greater logical openness) valid only for the living state; • The existence of these “laws” (analogical, but now physically grounded) forces us to revisit the definition of causality in biology, understanding that the method of inquiry must be revisited on both the theory and praxis fronts (details in the text); • It is understood that the complex view is to be applied ab initio, but also advanced to a further step (on a quantum-electrodynamic basis) in which the occurrence of not-only-diachronic causality in the living matter would be uncontemplable through “classical” observables only, considered within dynamical systems theory, chaos physics and complexity science. This gives rise to constructive methodological provocations, significant for research in biology, biophysics, and medicine, and for their application within humankind and its relationships to technology and Nature, in the name of a respectful and sensitive gesture towards the web of Life.

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Minton, Allen P. „Recent applications of light scattering measurement in the biological and biopharmaceutical sciences“. Analytical Biochemistry 501 (Mai 2016): 4–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ab.2016.02.007.

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Leake, Mark C. „The physics of life: one molecule at a time“. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 368, Nr. 1611 (05.02.2013): 20120248. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2012.0248.

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The esteemed physicist Erwin Schrödinger, whose name is associated with the most notorious equation of quantum mechanics, also wrote a brief essay entitled ‘What is Life?’, asking: ‘How can the events in space and time which take place within the spatial boundary of a living organism be accounted for by physics and chemistry?’ The 60+ years following this seminal work have seen enormous developments in our understanding of biology on the molecular scale, with physics playing a key role in solving many central problems through the development and application of new physical science techniques, biophysical analysis and rigorous intellectual insight. The early days of single-molecule biophysics research was centred around molecular motors and biopolymers, largely divorced from a real physiological context. The new generation of single-molecule bioscience investigations has much greater scope, involving robust methods for understanding molecular-level details of the most fundamental biological processes in far more realistic, and technically challenging, physiological contexts, emerging into a new field of ‘single-molecule cellular biophysics’. Here, I outline how this new field has evolved, discuss the key active areas of current research and speculate on where this may all lead in the near future.

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Grigoriev, N. D. „«COMPASS TORE AROUND - PEOPLE WENT WILD»“. World of Transport and Transportation 15, Nr. 1 (28.02.2017): 256–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.30932/1992-3252-2017-15-1-25.

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[For the English abstract and full text of the article please see the attached PDF-File (English version follows Russian version)].ABSTRACT To the 120th anniversary of birth of Alexander Chizhevsky - biophysics, founder of heliocosmic biology, aeroionification, electrogemodynamics, associate of the father of astronautics Konstantin Tsiolkovsky, a member of nearly two dozen foreign academies and an honorary professor at several universities. At the first international congress on biophysics and space biology in New York in 1939, he was elected in absentia a president of scientific forum, nominated for the Nobel Prize, justly called «Leonardo da Vinci of XX century». He was, among other things, a talented poet, philosopher, artist and landscape painter. Keywords: cosmonautics, biophysics, aeroionification, cosmic philosophy, heliobiology, energy of space and terrestrial biological media.

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Biswas, Priyanka. „Modern Biophysical Approaches to Study Protein–Ligand Interactions“. Biophysical Reviews and Letters 13, Nr. 04 (Dezember 2018): 133–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793048018300013.

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Protein–ligand interactions act as a pivot to the understanding of most of the biological interactions. The study of interactions between proteins and cellular molecules has led to the establishment and identification of various important pathways that control biological systems. Investigators working in different fields of biological sciences have an intrinsic interest in this field and complement their findings by the application of different biophysical approaches and tools to quantify protein–ligand interactions that include protein–small molecules, protein–DNA, protein–RNA, protein–protein both in vitro and in vivo. In this paper, the various biophysical techniques that can be employed to study such interactions will be discussed. In addition to native gel electrophoresis and fluorescence-based methods, more details will be discussed, on the broad range of modern day biophysical tools such as Circular Dichroism, Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy, Isothermal Titration Calorimetry, Analytical Ultracentrifugation, Surface Plasmon Resonance, Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy, Differential Scanning Fluorimetry, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Mass Spectroscopy, Single Molecule Spectroscopy, Dual Polarization Interferometry, Micro Scale Thermophoresis and Electro–switchable Biosensors that can be used to study the different aspects of protein–ligand interactions.

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Abraham, Tara H. „Nicolas Rashevsky's Mathematical Biophysics“. Journal of the History of Biology 37, Nr. 2 (2004): 333–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/b:hist.0000038267.09413.0d.

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Gilliard, Guillaume, Aurélien L. Furlan, Willy Smeralda, Jelena Pršić und Magali Deleu. „Added Value of Biophysics to Study Lipid-Driven Biological Processes: The Case of Surfactins, a Class of Natural Amphiphile Molecules“. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, Nr. 22 (10.11.2022): 13831. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms232213831.

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The role of membrane lipids is increasingly claimed to explain biological activities of natural amphiphile molecules. To decipher this role, biophysical studies with biomimetic membrane models are often helpful to obtain insights at the molecular and atomic levels. In this review, the added value of biophysics to study lipid-driven biological processes is illustrated using the case of surfactins, a class of natural lipopeptides produced by Bacillus sp. showing a broad range of biological activities. The mechanism of interaction of surfactins with biomimetic models showed to be dependent on the surfactins-to-lipid ratio with action as membrane disturber without membrane lysis at low and intermediate ratios and a membrane permeabilizing effect at higher ratios. These two mechanisms are relevant to explain surfactins’ biological activities occurring without membrane lysis, such as their antiviral and plant immunity-eliciting activities, and the one involving cell lysis, such as their antibacterial and hemolytic activities. In both biological and biophysical studies, influence of surfactin structure and membrane lipids on the mechanisms was observed with a similar trend. Hence, biomimetic models represent interesting tools to elucidate the biological mechanisms targeting membrane lipids and can contribute to the development of new molecules for pharmaceutical or agronomic applications.

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Bateson, Patrick, Nancy Cartwright, John Dupré, Kevin Laland und Denis Noble. „New trends in evolutionary biology: biological, philosophical and social science perspectives“. Interface Focus 7, Nr. 5 (18.08.2017): 20170051. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsfs.2017.0051.

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Di Pietro, Lorena, Valentina Palmieri, Massimiliano Papi und Wanda Lattanzi. „Translating Material Science into Bone Regenerative Medicine Applications: State-of-The Art Methods and Protocols“. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, Nr. 16 (22.08.2022): 9493. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23169493.

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In the last 20 years, bone regenerative research has experienced exponential growth thanks to the discovery of new nanomaterials and improved manufacturing technologies that have emerged in the biomedical field. This revolution demands standardization of methods employed for biomaterials characterization in order to achieve comparable, interoperable, and reproducible results. The exploited methods for characterization span from biophysics and biochemical techniques, including microscopy and spectroscopy, functional assays for biological properties, and molecular profiling. This review aims to provide scholars with a rapid handbook collecting multidisciplinary methods for bone substitute R&D and validation, getting sources from an up-to-date and comprehensive examination of the scientific landscape.

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von Sonntag, Clemens. „Radiation Biophysics. Edward L. Alpen“. Quarterly Review of Biology 66, Nr. 2 (Juni 1991): 240. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/417230.

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MARTSENYUK, V., A. SVERSTIUK, O. BAGRIY-ZAYATS, A. PAVLYSHYN und I. BOYMISTRUK. „MODELING OF PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL PROCESSES DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS“. Herald of Khmelnytskyi National University 301, Nr. 5 (Oktober 2021): 177–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.31891/2307-5732-2021-301-5-177-187.

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The approaches to modeling of physicochemical and biological processes of differential equations are explained in the work. The law of radioactive decay, the law of absorption of ionizing radiation by the environment, the law of reproduction of bacteria, the law of dissolution of medicinal substance from a tablet, chemical reactions of the first and second order, mathematical model G.I. Marchuk are resulted, mathematical model of a cyber-physical immunosensory system on a hexagonal lattice using a system of delayed differential equations. The results of mathematical modeling in the form of the results of numerical modeling of the dynamic logic of the cyber-physical immunosensory system are presented. Phase planes, lattice images of the probability of antigen-antibody binding, images of fluorescent pixels, electrical signal from the transducer, which characterizes the number of fluorescent pixels, were obtained. In order to increase the student’s research interest in the study of natural sciences and improve the level of understanding of educational material in the disciplines “Biophysics with physical methods of analysis” and “Higher Mathematics” it is important to inform students about the latest discoveries in this field of knowledge, modern scientific mathematical and physical schools, because it is largely a motivating factor in the formation of future specialists in medicine, pharmacy, biology. Acquainting students with the current results of their own research allows them to be interested in the process of modeling medical and biological processes using differential equations, motivating them to their own research and development of various biosensor devices.

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Jain, Mahendra Kumar. „Cellular Biophysics. Volume 1: Transport. Thomas Fischer WeissCellular Biophysics. Volume 2: Electrical Properties.Thomas Fischer Weiss“. Quarterly Review of Biology 72, Nr. 3 (September 1997): 326–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/419885.

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Coveney, Peter V., und Philip W. Fowler. „Modelling biological complexity: a physical scientist's perspective“. Journal of The Royal Society Interface 2, Nr. 4 (02.06.2005): 267–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2005.0045.

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We discuss the modern approaches of complexity and self-organization to understanding dynamical systems and how these concepts can inform current interest in systems biology. From the perspective of a physical scientist, it is especially interesting to examine how the differing weights given to philosophies of science in the physical and biological sciences impact the application of the study of complexity. We briefly describe how the dynamics of the heart and circadian rhythms, canonical examples of systems biology, are modelled by sets of nonlinear coupled differential equations, which have to be solved numerically. A major difficulty with this approach is that all the parameters within these equations are not usually known. Coupled models that include biomolecular detail could help solve this problem. Coupling models across large ranges of length- and time-scales is central to describing complex systems and therefore to biology. Such coupling may be performed in at least two different ways, which we refer to as hierarchical and hybrid multiscale modelling. While limited progress has been made in the former case, the latter is only beginning to be addressed systematically. These modelling methods are expected to bring numerous benefits to biology, for example, the properties of a system could be studied over a wider range of length- and time-scales, a key aim of systems biology. Multiscale models couple behaviour at the molecular biological level to that at the cellular level, thereby providing a route for calculating many unknown parameters as well as investigating the effects at, for example, the cellular level, of small changes at the biomolecular level, such as a genetic mutation or the presence of a drug. The modelling and simulation of biomolecular systems is itself very computationally intensive; we describe a recently developed hybrid continuum-molecular model, HybridMD, and its associated molecular insertion algorithm, which point the way towards the integration of molecular and more coarse-grained representations of matter. The scope of such integrative approaches to complex systems research is circumscribed by the computational resources available. Computational grids should provide a step jump in the scale of these resources; we describe the tools that RealityGrid, a major UK e-Science project, has developed together with our experience of deploying complex models on nascent grids. We also discuss the prospects for mathematical approaches to reducing the dimensionality of complex networks in the search for universal systems-level properties, illustrating our approach with a description of the origin of life according to the RNA world view.

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Cassidy, Paul J., und George K. Radda. „Molecular imaging perspectives“. Journal of The Royal Society Interface 2, Nr. 3 (10.05.2005): 133–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2005.0040.

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Molecular imaging is an emerging technology at the life science/physical science interface which is set to revolutionize our understanding and treatment of disease. The tools of molecular imaging are the imaging modalities and their corresponding contrast agents. These facilitate interaction with a biological target at a molecular level in a number of ways. The diverse nature of molecular imaging requires knowledge from both the life and physical sciences for its successful development and implementation. The aim of this review is to introduce the subject of molecular imaging from both life science and physical science perspectives. However, we will restrict our coverage to the prominent in vivo molecular imaging modalities of magnetic resonance imaging, optical imaging and nuclear imaging. The physical basis of these imaging modalities, the use of contrast agents and the imaging parameters of sensitivity, temporal resolution and spatial resolution are described. Then, the specificity of contrast agents for targeting and sensing molecular events, and some applications of molecular imaging in biology and medicine are given. Finally, the diverse nature of molecular imaging and its reliance on interdisciplinary collaboration is discussed.

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Pedroso de Lima, Maria C., Sérgio Simões, Pedro Pires, Henrique Faneca und Nejat Düzgüneş. „Cationic lipid–DNA complexes in gene delivery: from biophysics to biological applications“. Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews 47, Nr. 2-3 (April 2001): 277–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0169-409x(01)00110-7.

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Zimmerberg, Joshua. „Membrane biophysics“. Current Biology 16, Nr. 8 (April 2006): R272—R276. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2006.03.050.

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Kulcharyk, Patricia A., ShaAvhree Buckman, Rachael M. Easton und Paul W. Frohnert. „Twelfth Annual Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology-Radiation Oncology Center Symposium for Radiation and Biological Sciences“. Radiation Research 147, Nr. 6 (Juni 1997): 759. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3579492.

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Goodenough, Daniel A. „Biophysics of Gap Junction Channels. Camillo Peracchia“. Quarterly Review of Biology 67, Nr. 2 (Juni 1992): 235–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/417628.

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Fahy, Gregory M. „Biophysics and Biochemistry at Low Temperatures.Felix Franks“. Quarterly Review of Biology 61, Nr. 3 (September 1986): 395–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/415045.

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Janke, Steven. „Fractals in Molecular Biophysics. T. Gregory Dewey“. Quarterly Review of Biology 74, Nr. 4 (Dezember 1999): 512. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/394233.

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Roth, Stephen. „Molecular Biophysics of the Extracellular Matrix. Molecular Biology and Biophysics. Struther Arnott , D. A. Rees , E. R. Morris“. Quarterly Review of Biology 60, Nr. 4 (Dezember 1985): 493–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/414589.

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Bianca, Carlo. „Mathematical and computational modeling of biological systems: advances and perspectives“. AIMS Biophysics 8, Nr. 4 (2021): 318–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/biophy.2021025.

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<abstract> <p>The recent developments in the fields of mathematics and computer sciences have allowed a more accurate description of the dynamics of some biological systems. On the one hand new mathematical frameworks have been proposed and employed in order to gain a complete description of a biological system thus requiring the definition of complicated mathematical structures; on the other hand computational models have been proposed in order to give both a numerical solution of a mathematical model and to derive computation models based on cellular automata and agents. Experimental methods are developed and employed for a quantitative validation of the modeling approaches. This editorial article introduces the topic of this special issue which is devoted to the recent advances and future perspectives of the mathematical and computational frameworks proposed in biosciences.</p> </abstract>

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Mondal, Partha Pratim. „The Expanding Horizon of Light Sheet Technology“. iScience Notes 6, Nr. 6 (14.12.2021): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.22580/iscinotej6.6.2.

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Seldom, do we come across a technology that advances multiple research disciplines across science and engineering. One such technology is light sheet that promises to take scientific investigation to the next level. The existing technology, predominantly based on point-focusing has reached a saturation limit, in terms of speed, limited field-of-view and lack of biophysical parameter estimation. Moreover, current technology is complex and needs human intervention. Light sheet techniques based on sheet-illumination expand our abilities for high throughput interrogation of a large pool of live biological specimens with near diffraction-limited resolution and an order increase in field-of-view. The outlook of research community has changed dramatically over the last decade that has seen an increased use of light sheet technology. Light sheet technique has penetrated both biological and physical sciences with its impact on microscopy, cytometry, nanolithography, beam-shaping, plasma physics and optical manipulation. Eventually, the technique will influence other disciplines and may give rise to new research fields.

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Perc, Matjaž, Jesús Gómez-Gardeñes, Attila Szolnoki, Luis M. Floría und Yamir Moreno. „Evolutionary dynamics of group interactions on structured populations: a review“. Journal of The Royal Society Interface 10, Nr. 80 (06.03.2013): 20120997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2012.0997.

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Interactions among living organisms, from bacteria colonies to human societies, are inherently more complex than interactions among particles and non-living matter. Group interactions are a particularly important and widespread class, representative of which is the public goods game. In addition, methods of statistical physics have proved valuable for studying pattern formation, equilibrium selection and self-organization in evolutionary games. Here, we review recent advances in the study of evolutionary dynamics of group interactions on top of structured populations, including lattices, complex networks and coevolutionary models. We also compare these results with those obtained on well-mixed populations. The review particularly highlights that the study of the dynamics of group interactions, like several other important equilibrium and non-equilibrium dynamical processes in biological, economical and social sciences, benefits from the synergy between statistical physics, network science and evolutionary game theory.

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Bonebrake, Timothy C., Carol L. Boggs, Jeannie A. Stamberger, Curtis A. Deutsch und Paul R. Ehrlich. „From global change to a butterfly flapping: biophysics and behaviour affect tropical climate change impacts“. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 281, Nr. 1793 (22.10.2014): 20141264. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2014.1264.

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Difficulty in characterizing the relationship between climatic variability and climate change vulnerability arises when we consider the multiple scales at which this variation occurs, be it temporal (from minute to annual) or spatial (from centimetres to kilometres). We studied populations of a single widely distributed butterfly species, Chlosyne lacinia , to examine the physiological, morphological, thermoregulatory and biophysical underpinnings of adaptation to tropical and temperate climates. Microclimatic and morphological data along with a biophysical model documented the importance of solar radiation in predicting butterfly body temperature. We also integrated the biophysics with a physiologically based insect fitness model to quantify the influence of solar radiation, morphology and behaviour on warming impact projections. While warming is projected to have some detrimental impacts on tropical ectotherms, fitness impacts in this study are not as negative as models that assume body and air temperature equivalence would suggest. We additionally show that behavioural thermoregulation can diminish direct warming impacts, though indirect thermoregulatory consequences could further complicate predictions. With these results, at multiple spatial and temporal scales, we show the importance of biophysics and behaviour for studying biodiversity consequences of global climate change, and stress that tropical climate change impacts are likely to be context-dependent.

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Škraňková, Ivana, und Jan Šlégr. „Low-Cost Electroencephalography Device for Use in Biophysics Teaching“. American Biology Teacher 83, Nr. 1 (01.01.2021): 59–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/abt.2021.83.1.59.

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This paper describes the possibilities of supporting the teaching of neural tissue biology and biophysics through experiments with a simple, commonly available electroencephalography headset. Data are transmitted over a Bluetooth virtual serial port and can be analyzed in several ways by students or used solely as a potential motivational factor for teaching otherwise challenging and abstract curriculum about the human brain.

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Krivenko, V. G., Yu L. Khodasevich, S. N. Pantuz, V. I. Emalyanenko, N. I. Borisova und E. A. Permyakov. „HIGH SPEED REGISTRATION SPECTROFLUORIMETER SFL-S“. NAUCHNOE PRIBOROSTROENIE 31, Nr. 2 (25.05.2021): 23–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.18358/np-31-2-i2334.

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An experimental multifunctional high speed registration spectrofluorimeter SFL-S has been developed at the Institute for Biological Instrumentation of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The spectroflu-orimeter is designed to measure excitation and emission spectra of solutions and suspensions of bio-logical molecules and cells in the ultraviolet, visible, and near infrared spectral regions in the course of fundamental and applied research in the field of physicochemical biology, biophysics, biochemistry, and medicine. Features of the instrument are: the possibility of high-speed registration of spectra by means of multichannel system (32 channels, more than 20 spectra per second); the ability to control the change of the temperature of the solution in the measuring cell according to a given algorithm (0 to 100 °C); the possibility of microtitration of the solution in the measuring cell using an automatic microtitrator.

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