Thematische Bibliographien / Science biological sciences biophysics

Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Science biological sciences biophysics“

Autor: Grafiati

Veröffentlicht am 25. Juli 2024

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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Science biological sciences biophysics"

Lima, Silvio Felipe Barbosa. „PECEN Publications in the Field of Biological Sciences: Present and Future“. Pesquisa e Ensino em Ciências Exatas e da Natureza 1, Nr. 2 (11.12.2017): 84. http://dx.doi.org/10.29215/pecen.v1i2.445.

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Biological Sciences is the discipline that studies the most diverse aspects of microscopic and macroscopic life forms on earth. This vast field of studies enables biologists to follow numerous paths according to their professional interest.<br />Biological Sciences has made rapid advances in Biochemistry, Biophysics, Biotechnology, Botany, Cell Biology, Ecology, Ethnobiology, Evolutionary Biology, Genetics, Immunology, Mycology, Microbiology, Morphology, Parasitology, Physiology and Zoology. In some cases, the expansion of different fields of Biological Sciences is tied to the crisis of biodiversity and environmental problems, such as the extinction of species, the introduction of invasive exotic species, increasing habitat loss and degradation, the overexploitation of natural resources, pollution, diseases and human-induced climate change.<br />In 2017, Pesquisa e Ensino em Ciências Exatas e da Natureza/Research and Teaching in Exact and Natural Sciences (PECEN) received 28 manuscripts for evaluation and published 18 papers, all related to the field of Biological Sciences. An analysis of the papers published in year shows that the field of Zoology (branch of Biology that studies the animal kingdom) has been the flagship of publications with 7 papers so far. Among the contributions within Zoology published in PECEN are papers involving the following sub-fields of knowledge: (2) Morphology of Recent Groups; (4) Taxonomy of Recent Groups; and (3) “ecological interactions” – phenomenon and object of study also in the field of Ecology. In 2017, PECEN also published important contributions in the fields of Ecology (2), Environmental Sciences (1), Health and Biological Science (1), Mycology (2) and Science Teaching (2).<br />Contributions in the fields of biodiversity and science teaching will undoubtedly continue to play an important role in the scientific production of PECEN in both qualitative and quantitative terms. However, given the vast field of Biological Sciences, we expect a substantial increase in the number of publications on the most diverse subjects in 2018.<br />It is important to emphasize that PECEN is a multidisciplinary journal that receives contributions from diverse fields, such as Agrarian, Biomedical, Chemical, Earth, Environmental, Health and Exact and Natural Sciences. The fundamental mission is to strengthen multidisciplinary publications through scientific and theoretical-methodological studies as well as thematic literature reviews. Regardless of the number of submissions, the main factor for publication in PECEN is the importance and quality of the contributions.

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Freitas-Ferreira, Emmanuel, Danielle De Oliveira, Heberson Teixeira Da Silva, Kaynara Trevisan und Tales Alexandre Aversi-Ferreira. „Comments on the teaching of thermodynamics in an environmental sciences post graduation discipline“. OBSERVATÓRIO DE LA ECONOMÍA LATINOAMERICANA 21, Nr. 9 (23.09.2023): 12380–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.55905/oelv21n9-101.

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The sciences related to mathematics and that have mathematics as a tool present the same kind of problem in the learning process, hence, also, in their teaching; for example, the teaching of biophysics that show problems because is an exact discipline and, also, teaching for biological areas where people, usually, don’t is familiarized with mathematics way. In this work some didactic approaches to associate the teaching of thermodynamics to Environmental Science subjects in a literature search were performed, using the concepts of new teaching methodologies, proposing an approach to improve the conditions of understanding about environmental problems. A bibliographic survey was carried out by searching for data on thermodynamics, teaching, environmental sciences within the CAPES periodicals platform, which allows finding texts in other databases such as Scielo, Scopus, Web of Science. Additional material was obtained by searching in Google Academic. The main works consulted dealt more specifically with “exact sciences education”, “environmental education”, “biophysics education”, “environmental” and others. In total, 42 texts were analyzed and separated by subject content 21 about exact sciences education, 8 about environment education, 5 about biophysics education, 5 about environment and 3 for other subjects used to justify some ideas. Final considerations: In conclusion, the deficits in the teaching of exact sciences with a focus on thermodynamics are real in teaching in Brazil, with practical evidence in the discipline on Environmental Sciences in a graduate course, but whose students' distress in learning mobilized a path of studies in the production of a work to alert and indicate ways, within the modern technologies of teaching, to assist the teaching of thermodynamics in education since elementary school. So, it is urgent that the teaching of environmental sciences is improved, that modern teaching technologies are made effective in teaching with an emphasis on the exact sciences, so that a more robust education allows important themes to be deepened in higher and post-graduate education with at least less discomfort for students and teachers.

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Lyon, Pamela, Fred Keijzer, Detlev Arendt und Michael Levin. „Reframing cognition: getting down to biological basics“. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 376, Nr. 1820 (25.01.2021): 20190750. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2019.0750.

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The premise of this two-part theme issue is simple: the cognitive sciences should join the rest of the life sciences in how they approach the quarry within their research domain. Specifically, understanding how organisms on the lower branches of the phylogenetic tree become familiar with, value and exploit elements of an ecological niche while avoiding harm can be expected to aid understanding of how organisms that evolved later (including Homo sapiens ) do the same or similar things. We call this approach basal cognition. In this introductory essay, we explain what the approach involves. Because no definition of cognition exists that reflects its biological basis, we advance a working definition that can be operationalized; introduce a behaviour-generating toolkit of capacities that comprise the function (e.g. sensing/perception, memory, valence, learning, decision making, communication), each element of which can be studied relatively independently; and identify a (necessarily incomplete) suite of common biophysical mechanisms found throughout the domains of life involved in implementing the toolkit. The articles in this collection illuminate different aspects of basal cognition across different forms of biological organization, from prokaryotes and single-celled eukaryotes—the focus of Part 1—to plants and finally to animals, without and with nervous systems, the focus of Part 2. By showcasing work in diverse, currently disconnected fields, we hope to sketch the outline of a new multidisciplinary approach for comprehending cognition, arguably the most fascinating and hard-to-fathom evolved function on this planet. Doing so has the potential to shed light on problems in a wide variety of research domains, including microbiology, immunology, zoology, biophysics, botany, developmental biology, neurobiology/science, regenerative medicine, computational biology, artificial life and synthetic bioengineering. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Basal cognition: conceptual tools and the view from the single cell’.

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Parikh, Atul N., und Jay T. Groves. „Materials Science of Supported Lipid Membranes“. MRS Bulletin 31, Nr. 7 (Juli 2006): 507–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/mrs2006.134.

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Supported membranes represent an elegant route to designing well-defined fluid interfaces which mimic many physical-chemical properties of biological membranes. Recent years have witnessed rapid growth in the applications of physical and materials science approaches in understanding and controlling lipid membranes. Applying these approaches is enabling the determination of their structure-dynamics-function relations and allowing the design of membrane-mimetic devices. The collection of articles presented in this issue of MRS Bulletin illustrates the breadth of activity in this growing partnership between materials science and biophysics. Together, these articles highlight some of the key challenges of cellular membranes and exemplify their utility in fundamental biophysical studies and technological applications. The topics covered also confirm the importance of lipid membranes as an exciting example of soft condensed matter. We hope that this issue will serve readers by highlighting the intellectual scope and emerging opportunities in this highly interdisciplinary area of materials research.

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Uemura, Sotaro. „Probing the individuality of cells and molecules“. Open Access Government 40, Nr. 1 (25.10.2023): 276–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.56367/oag-040-10958.

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Probing the individuality of cells and molecules Sotaro Uemura, Professor at the University of Tokyo, probes the individuality of cells and molecules. The Uemura Laboratory was established in the Division of Advanced Photon Life Sciences, part of the Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, at the University of Tokyo. Our research centres on biophysics, focusing on studying single-molecule genetics, particularly the unique aspects of molecules and cells. Human beings each have their distinct characteristics. Differences in things like gender, where we come from, physical attributes, health, and personality are examples. Bringing all these different individual traits together creates diversity, and our society is built upon this diversity.

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Cignitti, M. „A Sourcebook for the Biological Sciences.“ Bioelectrochemistry and Bioenergetics 14, Nr. 4-6 (Dezember 1985): 523. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0302-4598(85)80028-3.

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Kang, Jonghoon, und Crystal B. Purnell. „Implications for Undergraduate Education of Two Interdisciplinary Biological Sciences: Biochemistry and Biophysics“. CBE—Life Sciences Education 10, Nr. 2 (Juni 2011): 111–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1187/cbe.10-09-0124.

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S, El Asri. „The Use of Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy for Medical Application: A Mini Review“. Physical Science & Biophysics Journal 7, Nr. 1 (05.01.2023): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/psbj-16000250.

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Electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) has emerged as a powerful technique in biophysics, enabling the analysis of biological tissues, cell behavior, and the development of biosensors. By measuring the impedance response of biological systems across a range of frequencies, EIS provides valuable insights into the electrical properties and structural characteristics of tissues and cells. This paper provides an overview of fundamental principles of EIS and the application of impedance spectroscopy in biophysic, highlighting its potential in understanding tissue properties, monitoring cell behavior, and designing biosensors for various biomedical applications.

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Mørtz, Ejvind. „Mass spectrometry in the biological sciences“. FEBS Letters 388, Nr. 1 (10.06.1996): 86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0014-5793(96)88174-9.

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Rhys, Natasha H. „Exploring the realm of soft matter biophysics: an early career perspective“. Emerging Topics in Life Sciences 6, Nr. 6 (21.12.2022): 555–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/etls20220110.

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This special issue of Emerging Topics in Life Sciences presents a selection of reviews that give insight into the vast array of research taking place in the fields of soft matter and biophysics, and where these two intersect. The reviews here cover the full range from the fundamentals of how biological systems may have assembled to how we can use this insight to develop and exploit new biomaterials for the future, all informed through the lens of the physical sciences. This issue has been both written and edited by early career researchers, highlighting the cutting-edge contributions that this generation of researchers is bringing to the field.

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Dissertationen zum Thema "Science biological sciences biophysics"

Nichols, Alexander J. „Optical Molecular Sensing in Complex Biological Environments“. Thesis, Harvard University, 2014. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:14226087.

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Although techniques in molecular imaging have advanced considerably over the past several decades, there remain numerous categories of biological molecular targets that are refractory to straightforward imaging. Among these is molecular oxygen, which is vital to a host of physiological as well as pathological processes, as well as the amorphous pigment pheomelanin, which may play a formerly unappreciated role in melanoma carcinogenesis. This thesis describes two related bodies of work that advance techniques in oxygen and pheomelanin imaging, respectively. First, inspired by a desire to understand how hypoxia affects cancer chemotherapy on a cellular level, we designed and synthesized a novel oxygen-sensitive, dendritic nanoconstruct that is capable of spontaneously penetrating through hundreds of microns of multiple cellular layers. After demonstrating our nanoconjugate's oxygen sensitivity using time-domain phosphorescence lifetime measurements, we demonstrate that it retains its oxygen sensitivity in a 3D spheroid in vitro model of ovarian cancer through the use of a custom-made, near infrared-optimized confocal phosphorescence imaging system. Drawing from this approach, we then describe the fabrication and calibration of a separate oxygen-sensing bandage platform for use in wound-healing applications, and demonstrate its use in ex vivo and in vivo animal systems. The second body of work describes the use of non-linear four-wave mixing techniques to facilitate straightforward imaging of the molecular pigment pheomelanin. Recent findings suggest that pheomelanin may play a previously unappreciated role in melanoma carcinogenesis, even in the complete absence of an ultraviolet light insult. However, due to its pale color, pheomelanin is difficult to visualize against a skin background, making its study challenging. After constructing a femtosecond-pulsed coherent anti-Stokes Raman scatter (CARS) microscopy imaging system, we use imaging and spectroscopy to provide proof-of-concept that pheomelanin can be imaged through a combination of CARS microscopy and electronically-enhanced four-wave mixing. We then use our non-linear imaging system to specifically observe pheomelanin in isolated "redhead" mouse melanocytes, and show through an siRNA gene knock-down strategy that our system can be used to observe changes in pheomelanin signal upon modification of biological pathways known to affect pheomelanin synthesis.

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Ramsey, Nicole B. „Bilayer perturbation is a distinct parameter for regulating the experimental use of biological probes and the development of antimalarials“. Thesis, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3580196.

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The controlled production and degradation of cAMP allows for control of many different signaling pathways. cAMP is produced by genetically distinct transmembrane (tmAC) and soluble (sAC) adenylyl cyclases; cAMP is catabolized by phosphodiesterases (PDEs). The relative contributions of sAC and tmAC to cAMP production, and of the PDEs to cAMP catabolism, usually are explored using pharmacological interventions. Because the compounds used to manipulate intracellular cAMP levels must cross cell membranes, they need to partition into lipid bilayers, which raises the question whether they could alter cell function by mechanisms that are unrelated to the changes in cAMP turnover. Indeed, many of these compounds are known to alter the function of other membrane proteins at concentrations that overlap with those used to target cAMP metabolism. Moreover, the concentration range(s) used to obtain the same effect vary widely among experiments, suggesting that these compounds elicit off-target effects that do not involve conventional cAMP signaling pathways. I therefore explored the lipid bilayerperturbing effects of 17 commonly employed modifiers of sAC, tmAC and PDE activity using a GBFA. Twelve compounds perturbed the bilayer at commonly used concentrations. Thus, in addition to their effects on cAMP metabolism, these molecules may alter cell function by being promiscuous modifiers of membrane protein function, meaning they should be used with care. Effects that occur only at concentrations that are three or more times higher than those for half-maximal effect (on the intended target) should be interpreted with caution.

In addition to being important for the interpretation of experiments that explore biological function with small-molecule probes, bilayer perturbation is also an important parameter for drug discovery. In this thesis, I focused on how to improve the development of new malaria therapies, which is necessary due to the perpetual development of resistance to current therapies. The Medicines for Malaria Venture developed the Malaria Box to facilitate the drug development process (and reduce the cost) by providing pharmaceutical company-vetted drug candidates to academicians. To explore whether testing for membrane effects might reduce the expenses required for drug development, I tested the 80 potent compounds from the Malaria Box for bilayer-mediated effects on membrane protein conformational changes (as a measure of literature. However, some significant differences should be further examined in other international teaching environments.

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Lee, Peilun. „BIOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS OF THE NOVEL LYSOPHOSPHATIDIC ACID (LPA) RECEPTOR, LPA₄/p2y9/GPR23“. VCU Scholars Compass, 2008. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/1676.

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Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), a naturally occurring phospholipid present in serum and malignant effusions, elicits diverse biological functions through binding and activating specific cell surface G-protein coupled receptors. In addition to the conventional LPA1/Edg2, LPA2/Edg4 and LPA3/Edg7 receptors of the endothelial differentiation gene (Edg) family, LPA4/p2y9/GPR23 of the purinergic receptor family and the related LPA5/GPR92 and LPA6/p2y5 have been identified as novel LPA receptors. These newly identified LPA receptors are structurally distant from the Edg LPA1-3 receptors and couple to Gq, G12/13 and probably Gs subunits. However, the roles of the LPA4-6 receptors in LPA signal transduction and physiology are poorly understood. This project has used biochemical and genetic approaches to study biological functions of LPA4. In the first part of the study, we confirmed that LPA4 is indeed a functional LPA receptor mediating some cellular and biochemical responses to LPA including stimulation of neurite retraction, protein tyrosine phosphorylation. LPA4 also physically binds to LPA when ectopically expressed in cell lines. Mammalian cells usually express multiple LPA receptor subtypes and respond to LPA, making it difficult to link LPA receptors to specific responses. Targeted deletion has become a necessary approach to probe functions of individual LPA receptors. We therefore disrupted LPA4-encoding gene (lpa4/p2y9/gpr23) in mice. LPA4-deficient mice were born at the expected frequency and displayed no apparent abnormalities at least at early ages, indicating that LPA4 is not required for fertility, embryonic development or normal physiology. This is similar to knockouts of other LPA receptors. The backup and/or redundant receptor subtypes of LPA may suffice to compensate for the loss of individual LPA receptors in vivo. Alternatively, LPA may not be the only or rate-limiting mediator physiologically required in vivo. LPA signaling may be more critical in pathophysiological conditions when levels of the lipid mediator are locally and temporally altered. The availability of LPA4-null mice provides a valued model to analyze the roles of LPA4 in pathophysiological processes. Despite the lack of apparent phenotypes in mice, we took advantage of the LPA4- negative mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) to evaluate the effects of lpa4 deletion on cellular responses to LPA. Strikingly, LPA4-deficient MEFs were hypersensitive to LPA induced migration. Consistent with negative modulation of the phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K) pathway by LPA4, LPA4 deficiency potentiated AKT and Rac but decreased Rho activation induced by LPA. Reconstitution of LPA4 converted LPA4-negative cells into a less motile phenotype. In support of the biological relevance of these observations, ectopic expression of LPA4 strongly inhibited migration and invasion of human cancer cells. When coexpressed with LPA1 in B103 neuroblastoma cells devoid of endogenous LPA receptors, LPA4 attenuated LPA1-driven migration and invasion, indicating functional antagonism between the two subtypes of LPA receptors. These results provide genetic and biochemical evidence that LPA4 is a suppressor of LPA-dependent cell migration and invasion. LPA4 may thus play a role in negative regulation of LPA signal transduction and specific cellular responses.

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Burnette-Vick, Bonnie A. „Characterization of Two Temperature-sensitive Mutants of Escherichia Coli Exhibiting an Altered L22 Ribosomal Protein“. Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 1991. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/2645.

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Analysis of E. coli strains SK1047 and SK1048 have shown them to be temperature-sensitive, protein-synthesis deficient. An alteration in ribosomal protein L22 was detected in both strains using two dimensional gel electrophoresis. Protein L22 was purified from both strains by reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography and from two dimensional electrophoretic gels. Purified ribosomal protein L22 was labeled by reductive methylation and used in 23S RNA binding assays with and without ribosomal protein L4. At the permissive temperature, protein L22 from SK1047 bound less efficiently than the control while protein L22 from SK1048 bound as efficiently as the control. At the restrictive temperature, both forms of mutant protein L22 bound less efficiently than the control. In both mutants, temperature sensitivity was mapped to the chromosomal region containing the rplV gene for ribosomal protein L22 using bacteriophage P1 transduction and bacteriophage $\lambda$ complementation. The wild type rplV gene subcloned into plasmid pLF1.0 was also shown to complement temperature sensitivity. The partial diploid nature of strains complemented by $\lambda$fus2 and plasmid pLF1.0 was verified when both wild type and mutant protein L22 were found on two dimensional gels. Reisolation of protein L22 from gels of $\lambda$fus2 complemented cells showed that both forms of protein L22 were in equal proportion irrespective of growth temperature. Reisolation of protein L22 from gels of plasmid pLF1.0 complemented cells showed that incorporation of the mutant protein exceeded the control protein at the permissive temperature; while the reverse was seen at the restrictive temperature. Temperature-shift experiments were conducted on complemented mutant cells to determine the effect of increased gene dosage on the coordinated regulation of ribosomal protein synthesis. Mutants complemented with $\lambda$fus2 exhibited normal cell growth, indicating that regulation was not effected. Cells transformed with plasmid pLF1.0 exhibited a reduction in growth possibly due to the disruption of balanced synthesis. The wild type and both mutant rplV genes were amplified using polymerase chain reaction and the PCR product was sequenced using primer extension. Sequencing of DNA from both mutants revealed the codon CGC for the amino acid arginine at position 8 in the protein chain was mutated to the TGC codon for the amino acid cysteine. The wild type ribosomal protein L22 contains no cysteine residues. The mutation was confirmed by testing control and mutant protein L22 for the presence of sulfhydryls using 4,4$\sp\prime$-dithiodipyridine. Ribosomal protein L22 isolated from both mutant strains was found to contain one cysteine sulfhydryl group.

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Paccione, Rachel J. „Vimentin Overexpression Contributes To the Biological Properties of Metastatic Head and Neck Cancer Cells“. VCU Scholars Compass, 2005. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/1084.

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Epithelial to mesenchymal transition occurs in the later stages of epithelial tumor progression, with cells expressing mesenchymal markers. Of these, the intermediate filament protein vimentin is frequently upregulated in metastatic carcinomas. Previously, microarray studies showed that the gene encoding vimentin is highly upregulated in metastatic HN12 cells compared to a related primary tumor cell line. In this study, we confirmed this difference using real-time quantitative PCR, western blot analysis, and immunostaining. Furthermore, EGF and TGF-β, growth factors that induce migration and invasion of HN12 cells, produced synergistic increases in vimentin expression. To assess the contribution of vimentin to the biological properties, HN12 cells were stably transfected with a plasmid that directs synthesis of vimentin shRNA. Clones expressing decreased amounts of vimentin were isolated and characterized. These cells showed significantly reduced proliferation compared to non-targeting controls. Moreover, downregulation of vimentin led to a decrease in cell motility, as well as reducing their ability to invade through a basement membrane substitute. Using transient transfection assays, vimentin promoter activity was determined in HN12 cells to define regulatory elements important for controlling vimentin upregulation in the absence or presence of EGF and TGF-β. Taken together, the data indicate that overexpression of vimentin is important for proliferation and invasion of metastatic HN12 cells, and suggest that EGF- dependent pathways target binding elements in the proximal vimentin promoter, while TGF-β is likely to act in an AP1-dependent manner. Furthermore, both growth factors appear to synergize by stimulating promoter activation through the ASE site, suggesting involvement of Stat-dependent pathways in regulation of vimentin expression in HN12 cells.

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Jain, Dharamdeep. „Humidity Driven Performance of Biological Adhesives“. University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1510053266807976.

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Rodriguez, Idaykis. „An Ethnographic Study: Becoming a Physics Expert in a Biophysics Research Group“. FIU Digital Commons, 2013. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/938.

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Expertise in physics has been traditionally studied in cognitive science, where physics expertise is understood through the difference between novice and expert problem solving skills. The cognitive perspective of physics experts only create a partial model of physics expertise and does not take into account the development of physics experts in the natural context of research. This dissertation takes a social and cultural perspective of learning through apprenticeship to model the development of physics expertise of physics graduate students in a research group. I use a qualitative methodological approach of an ethnographic case study to observe and video record the common practices of graduate students in their biophysics weekly research group meetings. I recorded notes on observations and conduct interviews with all participants of the biophysics research group for a period of eight months. I apply the theoretical framework of Communities of Practice to distinguish the cultural norms of the group that cultivate physics expert practices. Results indicate that physics expertise is specific to a topic or subfield and it is established through effectively publishing research in the larger biophysics research community. The participant biophysics research group follows a learning trajectory for its students to contribute to research and learn to communicate their research in the larger biophysics community. In this learning trajectory students develop expert member competencies to learn to communicate their research and to learn the standards and trends of research in the larger research community. Findings from this dissertation expand the model of physics expertise beyond the cognitive realm and add the social and cultural nature of physics expertise development. This research also addresses ways to increase physics graduate student success towards their PhD. and decrease the 48% attrition rate of physics graduate students. Cultivating effective research experiences that give graduate students agency and autonomy beyond their research groups gives students the motivation to finish graduate school and establish their physics expertise.

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Chen, Yuejin. „Characterization of the Vasoactivity of Tachykinins in Isolated Rat Kidney: Functional Studies and in Vitro Receptor Autoradiography“. Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 1994. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/2892.

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Although tachykinins have potent vascular actions, their effect on renal resistance blood vessels is currently unknown. The vasoactive properties of tachykinins and related analogs were assessed in isolated perfused rat kidney. At a basal perfusion pressure (PP) of 75 $\pm$ 6 mm Hg (n = 5), bolus injections of substance P (SP) had no significant vasoactive effect. Following a sustained increase in baseline PP (134 $\pm$ 10 mm Hg) produced by phenylephrine (1 $\mu$M), SP evoked a dose-dependent increase in PP. The largest dose of SP increased PP by 60 $\pm$ 5 mm Hg. The vasoconstrictor response to SP was not blocked by phentolamine when angiotensin II was used to increase basal tone. Thus, the response to SP is not mediated by norepinephrine. Pressor responses to SP were not potentiated by peptidase inhibitors, captopril and thiorphan. SP(1-7) had no effect on PP, suggesting that the pressor response to SP is C-terminal dependent and tachykinin receptor mediated. The selective NK-1 receptor agonist, (Sar$\sp9$,Met(O$\sb2)\sp{11}\rbrack$SP, had no effect on PP. In contrast, both the selective NK-2 and NK-3 receptor agonists, GR-64349 and (MePhe$\sp7$) NKB, produced dose-dependent pressor responses (116 $\pm$ 8 and 134 $\pm$ 15 mm Hg increases in PP at 33 nmol, respectively) and were more potent than SP. Infusion of capsaicin (500 nM) produced an initial increase in PP following by a more prolonged decrease in PP. Clamping the renal vein produced a marked increase in PP. The localization of NK-3 receptors in rat kidney evaluated by film autoradiography using $\sp{125}$I- (MePhe$\sp7\rbrack$NKB revealed a high density of specific binding sites on the proximal ureter and renal pelvis, moderate density in the renal vein and its large branches, and a low density in the inner strip of outer medulla, but no specific binding on the renal artery system and cortex. High resolution autoradiograms demonstrated $\sp{125}$I- (MePhe$\sp7\rbrack$NKB binding sites on the tunica media of the renal vein and tunica muscularises of renal pelvis and ureter. Specific binding of $\sp{125}$I-BHSP was found in association with the renal artery and renal pelvis. No specific SP binding sites were associated with renal vein. These data indicate that the pressor effect of tachykinins in the isolated rat kidney can be mediated by NK-2 and/or NK-3 receptors. The latter may be on the vascular smooth muscle of the renal vein.

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Ratnasinghe, Duminda D. „Unusual Structure of a Human Middle Repetitive DNA“. Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 1993. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/2767.

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The L2Hs sequences are a polymorphic, interspersed, middle repetitive DNA family unique to human genomes. Genomic fingerprinting indicates that these DNAs vary from one individual to another and between tissues of the same individual. Sequence analysis reveals that they are AT-rich (76%) and contain many unusual sequence arrangements (palindromes, inverted and direct repeats). These sequence properties confer on the L2Hs elements the potential to fold into non-B-form structures, a characteristic of recombination hot spots. To test this hypothesis carbodiimide, osmium tetroxide and S$\sb1$ nuclease were used as single-strand specific probes to study a recombinant plasmid, pN6.4.39, containing a single L2Hs segment. Different forms of the plasmid substrate were analyzed, including linear molecules and circular forms of low, intermediate and high superhelical densities. In addition, plasmid DNA in growing E. coli cells were analyzed. Modified plasmid DNA was analyzed by primer extension in a sequencing-type reaction format. These studies demonstrate that the L2Hs sequences: (1) assume non-B-form structures both in vitro and in vivo, (2) map to predicted cruciform structures, (3) behave as C-type extrusion sequences, and (4) that these unusual DNA structures are dependent on plasmid superhelicity.

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Lu, Zhixin. „Investigations on Cancer Cell Biological Effects of CDK8 Inhibitor Q-12“. Scholarly Commons, 2018. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/3554.

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Over the past two decades, protein kinases have been intensively investigated as targets to treat neoplastic diseases. Many protein kinase inhibitors not only have therapeutic potential but are becoming invaluable reagents for the study of cell signaling. We aspired to use our Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 8 inhibitor, Q-12, as a probe for biomarker discovery for CDK8 inhibitor sensitive tumor types. Q-12 shows potent inhibition of cell viability and induction of apoptosis process in some triple-negative breast cancer and colorectal cancer cell lines in vitro. Western blot results indicate that the reduction of STAT1 phosphorylation could be a robust indicator of CDK8 target engagement in all three cancer cell lines used upon Q-12 treatment. Q-12 treatment of triple-negative breast cancer cell line (MDA-MB-468) decreases STAT1 phosphorylation but increases STAT3 phosphorylation. Q-12 activity in MDA-MB-468 cell is dependent on the activation of STAT3 phosphorylation. All results suggest that there may be a critical STAT1 to STAT3 ratio that may serve as a biomarker for CDK8 inhibitor sensitivity. In this precision medicine era, the discovery of biomarker is urgently needed to minimize the risks of severe side-effects by traditional chemotherapy and improve diagnosis and monitor therapy response across a wide spectrum of disease, especially heterogenous type of disease, like cancer.

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Bücher zum Thema "Science biological sciences biophysics"

Challenor, Sally. Biological physics. Delhi: Global Media, 2009.

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1942-, Hallett F. R., Hrsg. Physics for the biological sciences: A topical approach to biophysical concepts. 4. Aufl. Toronto: Nelson, 2003.

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NATO, Advanced Study Institute on Terrestrial Space Radiation and its Biological Effects (1987 Corfu Greece). Terrestrial space radiation and its biological effects. New York: Plenum Press, 1988.

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1942-, Hallett F. R., Hrsg. Physics for the biological sciences: A topical approach to biophysical concepts. 3. Aufl. Toronto: Harcourt Canada, 2001.

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1942-, Hallett F. R., Hrsg. Physics for the biological sciences: A topical approach to biophysical concepts. 2. Aufl. Toronto: Concept Press, 1992.

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National Research Council (U.S.). Committee on Research at the Intersection of the Physical and Life Sciences. Research at the intersection of the physical and life sciences. Washington, D.C: National Academies Press, 2010.

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Colloquium in Biological Sciences (3rd 1985 New York, N.Y.). Third Colloquium in Biological Sciences: Cellular signal transduction. New York, N.Y: New York Academy of Sciences, 1987.

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R, Simms James. Principles of quantitative living systems science. New York: Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, 1999.

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R, Simms James. Principles of quantitative living systems science. New York: Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, 2002.

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Dewey, Thomas Gregory. Fractals in molecular biophysics. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1997.

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Buchteile zum Thema "Science biological sciences biophysics"

Narhi, Linda O., Cynthia H. Li, Ranjini Ramachander, Juraj Svitel und Yijia Jiang. „Optical Spectroscopic Methods for the Analysis of Biological Macromolecules“. In Molecular Biophysics for the Life Sciences, 33–90. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-8548-3_3.

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Perozziello, G., A. Giugni, M. Allione, B. Torre, G. Das, M. L. Coluccio, M. Marini et al. „Nanoplasmonic and Microfluidic Devices for Biological Sensing“. In NATO Science for Peace and Security Series B: Physics and Biophysics, 247–74. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-024-0850-8_12.

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Hedde, P. N., und Gerd Ulrich Nienhaus. „Sub-Wavelength Optical Fluorescence Microscopy for Biological Applications“. In NATO Science for Peace and Security Series B: Physics and Biophysics, 47–71. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-5313-6_4.

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Di Bartolo, Baldassare. „Introduction to Fluorescence Spectroscopy with Applications to Biological Systems“. In NATO Science for Peace and Security Series B: Physics and Biophysics, 91–117. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-5313-6_6.

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Ghodssi, Reza, Peter Dykstra, Mariana Meyer, Stephan Koev, Konstantinos Gerasopoulos, Xiaolong Luo, Gary Rubloff, William Bentley, Gregory Payne und James Culver. „Integration of Diverse Biological Materials in Micro/Nano Devices“. In NATO Science for Peace and Security Series B: Physics and Biophysics, 275–85. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-3807-4_22.

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Stoilova, Ani, Dimana Nazarova, Blaga Blagoeva, Velichka Strijkova und Plamen Petkov. „Polarized Light for Detection of Pathological Changes Within Biological Tissues“. In NATO Science for Peace and Security Series B: Physics and Biophysics, 477–83. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-024-2018-0_39.

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Márk, Géza I., Krisztián Kertész, Gábor Piszter, Zsolt Bálint und László P. Biró. „First- and Second Order Light Scattering Processes in Biological Photonic Nanostructures“. In NATO Science for Peace and Security Series B: Physics and Biophysics, 135–50. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-024-1687-9_8.

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Bowen, John W. „Terahertz Spectroscopy and Imaging at the Nanoscale for Biological and Security Applications“. In NATO Science for Peace and Security Series B: Physics and Biophysics, 287–303. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-5313-6_13.

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Perkins, D. „The Yin and Yang of Countering Biological Threats: Public Health and Security Under the International Health Regulations, Biological Weapons Convention, and the U.N. Security Council Resolution 1540“. In NATO Science for Peace and Security Series B: Physics and Biophysics, 67–74. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-7003-4_5.

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Bölgen, Nimet, und Ashok Vaseashta. „Nanocomposites of Electrospun Polymeric Materials As Protective Textiles Against Chemical and Biological Hazards“. In NATO Science for Peace and Security Series B: Physics and Biophysics, 253–58. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-024-1298-7_24.

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Konferenzberichte zum Thema "Science biological sciences biophysics"

Johnston, Roger G., Stephen P. Edmondson, Shermila B. Singham und Gary C. Salzman. „Biophysical Applications of the XUV Free Electron Laser“. In Free-Electron Laser Applications in the Ultraviolet. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/fel.1988.fa3.

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There are a number of research techniques in use or under development in the Life Sciences Division at Los Alamos that would greatly benefit from the availability of a XUV Free Electron laser. These techniques include: (1) ultrasensitive LD, CD, and absorption spectroscopy of molecules of biological interest, (2) elastic and inelastic measurements of the Mueller scattering matrix for biological macromolecules and particles, and (3) flow cytometry.

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Askari, Shabana. „Effect of Toxic Metal Copper on Biophysical and Biochemical Parameters of Vigna mungo and its Adsorption by Egg Shell Powder“. In IBRAS 2021 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON BIOLOGICAL RESEARCH AND APPLIED SCIENCE. Juw, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37962/ibras/2021/43-48.

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WOOLEY, JOHN C. „CYBERINFRASTRUCTURE FOR THE BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES (CIBIO)“. In Proceedings of the 2nd International Life Science Grid Workshop, LSGRID 2005. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812772503_0002.

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Verginadis, Ioannis, Anastasia Velalopoulou, Sarah Hagan, Denisa Goia, Khayrullo Shoniyozov, Michele Kim, Eric Diffenderfer et al. „Abstract IA-019: Preclinical studies with proton FLASH radiotherapy in mice and canines: Biological effects, biophysical considerations and potential mechanisms“. In Abstracts: AACR Virtual Special Conference on Radiation Science and Medicine; March 2-3, 2021. American Association for Cancer Research, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1557-3265.radsci21-ia-019.

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Lim, Tuan-Kay. „Scanning near-field optical microscopy: application to biological sciences“. In International Symposium on Optical Science and Technology, herausgegeben von Aaron Lewis, H. Kumar Wickramasinghe und Katharina H. Al-Shamery. SPIE, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.449532.

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„Application of cumin in nutrition science and medicine“. In International Conference on Medicine, Public Health and Biological Sciences. CASRP Publishing Company, Ltd. Uk, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18869/mphbs.2016.107.

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„Intellectual Capital and Staff Performance in Islamic Azad University, Pharmaceutical Sciences Branch, Tehran, Iran“. In 2016 International Conference on Biological and Environmental Science. Universal Researchers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.17758/ur.u0616215.

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„Preface: 2nd International Conference on Frontiers of Biological Sciences and Engineering (FBSE 2019)“. In 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MATERIALS ENGINEERING & SCIENCE (IConMEAS 2019). AIP Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/12.0000200.

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Saputra, Ishaaq, Adam Saba Anggara, Kismono Kudoasmoro, Samsul Arifin und Ircham Anindiya Kencana. „Chemical and biological contaminants on fishery products: A comparative comparison“. In PROCEEDINGS OF THE TEGAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON APPLIED SCIENCES 2022: Applied Science Research Post-Covid-19 Pandemic. AIP Publishing, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0199070.

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James, Angela. „BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES PRE-SERVICE TEACHERS' EXPERIENCES OF COVID-19 AS AN ENABLER FOR THEIR SERVICE-LEARNING PROJECTS“. In SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY EDUCATION: DEVELOPING A GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE. Scientia Socialis Ltd., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.33225/balticste/2021.86.

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The newspaper headlines in July 2020, reflected the context of COVID-19 and the challenges in the education sector in South Africa. Pre-service teachers completing a Biological Sciences for Educations Research and Service-Learning module conducted their Service-Learning in their home contexts, which under normal times, they would do so in the neighbouring university contexts. The research question: Why did the Biological Sciences pre-service teachers' experience COVID-19 as an enabler for their Service-Learning projects. An interpretive, qualitative case study was adopted to explore the pre-service teacher’s experiences of their projects undertaken. The data gathering methods included document analysis (pre-service teacher’s reflective diaries); observation of module reflective sessions and seminar presentations and visual methodology (pre-service teachers made videos). The data analysis using descriptive content analysis. The research rigour of credibility and dependability were worked with, and the research ethics were considered. The results indicated that during the learning about the project, the pre-service teachers had emotional experiences of fear, excitement and even confusion. During the planning for the project, they had concerns about Covid-19 restrictions and access to placement sites, what to do, who to work with and the nature of the projects planned. The action of the Service-Learning indicated the collaboration and teamwork, imagination and creativity, including the contextually relevant problem-solving actions that were undertaken. Pre-service teachers were in their own communities where they excelled and built relationships and valued their community members. Service-Learning should be completed in the pre-service teacher’s home contexts for greater relevance, value and connectedness with their community. Keywords: biological sciences, case study, COVID-19 pandemic, pre-service-teacher education, service-learning

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Berichte der Organisationen zum Thema "Science biological sciences biophysics"

Gerber, Richard, James Hack, Katherine Riley, Katie Antypas, Richard Coffey, Eli Dart, Tjerk Straatsma et al. Crosscut report: Exascale Requirements Reviews, March 9–10, 2017 – Tysons Corner, Virginia. An Office of Science review sponsored by: Advanced Scientific Computing Research, Basic Energy Sciences, Biological and Environmental Research, Fusion Energy Sciences, High Energy Physics, Nuclear Physics. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), Januar 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1417653.

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Dello, Kathie D., und Philip W. Mote. Oregon climate assessment report : December 2010. Corvallis, Oregon : Oregon Climate Change Research Institute, Oregon State University, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.5399/osu/1157.

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The group of scientists that make up the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change found in 2007 that the warming of Earth’s climate is unequivocal and largely due to human activity. Earth’s climate has changed in the past, though the recent magnitude and pace of changes are unprecedented in human existence. Recent decades have been warmer than at any time in roughly 120,000 years. Most of this warming can be attributed to anthropogenic activity, primarily burning fossil fuels (coal, oil and natural gas) for energy. Burning fossil fuels releases carbon dioxide and other heat trapping gases, also known as greenhouse gases, into the atmosphere. This warming cannot be explained by natural causes (volcanic and solar) alone. It can be said with confidence that human activities are primarily responsible for the observed 1.5 ˚F increase in 20th century temperatures in the Paciﬁc Northwest. A warmer climate will affect this state substantially. In 2007, the Oregon State Legislature charged the Oregon Climate Change Research Institute, via HB 3543, with assessing the state of climate change science including biological, physical and social science as it relates to Oregon and the likely effects of climate change on the state. This inaugural assessment report is meant to act as a compendium of the relevant research on climate change and its impacts on the state of Oregon. This report draws on a large body of work on climate change impacts in the western US from the Climate Impacts Group at the University of Washington and the California Climate Action Team. In this report, we also identify knowledge gaps, where we acknowledge the need for more research in certain areas. We hope this report will serve as a useful resource for decision-makers, stakeholders, researchers and all Oregonians. The following chapters address key sectors that fall within the biological, physical and social sciences in the state of Oregon.

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Fort Collins Science Center- Policy Analysis and Science Assistance Branch : Integrating social, behavioral, economic and biological sciences. US Geological Survey, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/fs20103038.

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Microbes in Models: Integrating Microbes into Earth System Models for Understanding Climate Change. American Society for Microbiology, Juni 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aamcol.jun.2023.

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Climate change is altering the planet and threatens humanity. Earth system models simulate the planet's physical, chemical, and biological processes to help scientists understand current environmental changes and make projections for Earth's future, which can inform society's responses to combat and mitigate climate change's negative effects. Climate change will fundamentally change life on Earth, including microorganisms. Microbes will also influence climate change by driving biogeochemical cycles through the consumption and production of greenhouse gasses. Thus, explicitly including microbial processes into Earth system models can improve model projections. However, fully understanding the feedbacks between climate change and microbes, and then including those processes into Earth systems models, is a major challenge. This report is based on the deliberations of experts who participated in a virtual colloquium on 6 and 8 December, 2022, organized by the American Academy of Microbiology, which is the honorific leadership group and think tank within the American Society for Microbiology. At the colloquium, these experts from the climate and microbial sciences attempted to clearly articulate current knowledge gaps of the two fields. As a result, the participants compiled a list of top ten challenges to better incorporate microbial processes into Earth system models. Solving these challenges requires new thinking and approaches. Transdisciplinary efforts have the potential to propel science—and society—towards combating climate change.

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Microbiology in the 21st Century: Where Are We and Where Are We Going? American Society for Microbiology, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aamcol.5sept.2003.

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The American Academy of Microbiology convened a colloquium September 5–7, 2003, in Charleston, South Carolina to discuss the central importance of microbes to life on earth, directions microbiology research will take in the 21st century, and ways to foster public literacy in this important field. Discussions centered on: the impact of microbes on the health of the planet and its inhabitants; the fundamental significance of microbiology to the study of all life forms; research challenges faced by microbiologists and the barriers to meeting those challenges; the need to integrate microbiology into school and university curricula; and public microbial literacy. This is an exciting time for microbiology. We are becoming increasingly aware that microbes are the basis of the biosphere. They are the ancestors of all living things and the support system for all other forms of life. Paradoxically, certain microbes pose a threat to human health and to the health of plants and animals. As the foundation of the biosphere and major determinants of human health, microbes claim a primary, fundamental role in life on earth. Hence, the study of microbes is pivotal to the study of all living things, and microbiology is essential for the study and understanding of all life on this planet. Microbiology research is changing rapidly. The field has been impacted by events that shape public perceptions of microbes, such as the emergence of globally significant diseases, threats of bioterrorism, increasing failure of formerly effective antibiotics and therapies to treat microbial diseases, and events that contaminate food on a large scale. Microbial research is taking advantage of the technological advancements that have opened new fields of inquiry, particularly in genomics. Basic areas of biological complexity, such as infectious diseases and the engineering of designer microbes for the benefit of society, are especially ripe areas for significant advancement. Overall, emphasis has increased in recent years on the evolution and ecology of microorganisms. Studies are focusing on the linkages between microbes and their phylogenetic origins and between microbes and their habitats. Increasingly, researchers are striving to join together the results of their work, moving to an integration of biological phenomena at all levels. While many areas of the microbiological sciences are ripe for exploration, microbiology must overcome a number of technological hurdles before it can fully accomplish its potential. We are at a unique time when the confluence of technological advances and the explosion of knowledge of microbial diversity will enable significant advances in microbiology, and in biology in general, over the next decade. To make the best progress, microbiology must reach across traditional departmental boundaries and integrate the expertise of scientists in other disciplines. Microbiologists are becoming increasingly aware of the need to harness the vast computing power available and apply it to better advantage in research. Current methods for curating research materials and data should be rethought and revamped. Finally, new facilities should be developed to house powerful research equipment and make it available, on a regional basis, to scientists who might otherwise lack access to the expensive tools of modern biology. It is not enough to accomplish cutting-edge research. We must also educate the children and college students of today, as they will be the researchers of tomorrow. Since microbiology provides exceptional teaching tools and is of pivotal importance to understanding biology, science education in schools should be refocused to include microbiology lessons and lab exercises. At the undergraduate level, a thorough knowledge of microbiology should be made a part of the core curriculum for life science majors. Since issues that deal with microbes have a direct bearing on the human condition, it is critical that the public-at-large become better grounded in the basics of microbiology. Public literacy campaigns must identify the issues to be conveyed and the best avenues for communicating those messages. Decision-makers at federal, state, local, and community levels should be made more aware of the ways that microbiology impacts human life and the ways school curricula could be improved to include valuable lessons in microbial science.

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