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1
CHEN, SHI-QIANG, MIN TANG und QUAN-HUI YANG. „ON A PROBLEM OF CHEN AND LEV“. Bulletin of the Australian Mathematical Society 99, Nr. 1 (28.11.2018): 15–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0004972718001107.
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For a given set$S\subset \mathbb{N}$,$R_{S}(n)$is the number of solutions of the equation$n=s+s^{\prime },s<s^{\prime },s,s^{\prime }\in S$. Suppose that$m$and$r$are integers with$m>r\geq 0$and that$A$and$B$are sets with$A\cup B=\mathbb{N}$and$A\cap B=\{r+mk:k\in \mathbb{N}\}$. We prove that if$R_{A}(n)=R_{B}(n)$for all positive integers$n$, then there exists an integer$l\geq 1$such that$r=2^{2l}-1$and$m=2^{2l+1}-1$. This solves a problem of Chen and Lev [‘Integer sets with identical representation functions’,Integers16(2016), A36] under the condition$m>r$.
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Al-Qadsy, Inas, Abdel-Basit Al-Odayni, Waseem Sharaf Saeed, Ali Alrabie, Arwa Al-Adhreai, Lena Ahmed Saleh Al-Faqeeh, Prem Lama, Abdulaziz Ali Alghamdi und Mazahar Farooqui. „Synthesis, Characterization, Single-Crystal X-ray Structure and Biological Activities of [(Z)-N′-(4-Methoxybenzylidene)benzohydrazide–Nickel(II)] Complex“. Crystals 11, Nr. 2 (26.01.2021): 110. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst11020110.
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(Z)-N′-(4-methoxybenzylidene)benzohydrazide (HL) and its Ni(II) complex (Ni(II)-2L) were synthesized using eco-friendly protocols. The single X-ray crystal structure of Ni(II)-2L was solved. Moreover, the structural properties were evaluated using Fourier transform infrared, proton nuclear magnetic resonance, mass, and Ultraviolet/Visible spectroscopy. The diamagnetic and thermal stability were assessed using magnetic susceptibility and thermogravimetric analysis, respectively. The biological activities of both HL and Ni(II)-2L (62.5–1000 μg/mL) against Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes) and Gram-negative (Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) bacterial and fungal (Candida albicans, Aspergillus niger, and Aspergillus clavatus) species were studied using the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) tests method in reference to Gentamycin and Nystatin standard drugs, respectively. The results revealed an affordable, environmentally friendly, and efficient synthetic method of HL using water as a green solvent. The Ni(II)-2L complex crystallized in a distorted square planar, P21/n space group, and one Ni(II) to two bidentate negatively charged ligand ratio. The analysis of biological activity revealed higher activity of the complex against S. aureus and S. pyogenes (bacteria) and A. niger and A. clavatus (fungi) compared to the ligand. However, the highest activity was at a MIC of 62.5 μg/mL for the complex against S. pyogenes and for the ligand against E. coli. Therefore, both HL and Ni(II)-2L could be promising potential antimicrobials and their selective activity could be an additional benefit of these bioactive materials.
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Aguade, M. „Restriction map variation at the adh locus of Drosophila melanogaster in inverted and noninverted chromosomes.“ Genetics 119, Nr. 1 (01.05.1988): 135–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/119.1.135.
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Abstract Restriction map variation among 39 Standard and 40 In(2L)t chromosomes extracted from a Spanish natural population of Drosophila melanogaster was investigated for a 2.7-kb region encompassing the Adh locus with ten four-cutter restriction enzymes. A total of 20 polymorphisms were detected, representing 15 restriction site polymorphisms, 4 length polymorphisms and the allozyme polymorphism. Variation at the DNA level was compared among St-Adh(F), St-Adh(S) and t-Adh(S) chromosomes. t-Adh(S) chromosomes show a higher level of variation than St-Adh(F) chromosomes. This suggests that In(2L)t arose before the fast/slow allozyme divergence in the evolutionary history of D. melanogaster.
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Nieuwenhuizen, Theodorus M. „Models for Quantum Measurement of Particles with Higher Spin“. Entropy 24, Nr. 12 (29.11.2022): 1746. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e24121746.
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The Curie–Weiss model for quantum measurement describes the dynamical measurement of a spin-12 by an apparatus consisting of an Ising magnet of many spins 12 coupled to a thermal phonon bath. To measure the z-component s=−l,−l+1,⋯,l of a spin l, a class of models is designed along the same lines, which involve 2l order parameters. As required for unbiased measurement, the Hamiltonian of the magnet, its entropy and the interaction Hamiltonian possess an invariance under the permutation s→s+1 mod 2l+1. The theory is worked out for the spin-1 case, where the thermodynamics is analyzed in detail, and, for spins 32,2,52, the thermodynamics and the invariance are presented.
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Farr, Amanda M., Marni Stott-Miller, Helen Varker, Danae Spencer, Manan Shah und Clara Chen. „Treatment Sequencing Patterns Associated with Elderly Patients with Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma (MM) in the US Community Setting“. Blood 126, Nr. 23 (03.12.2015): 5392. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v126.23.5392.5392.
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Abstract Background: With more targeted agents in development, the treatment of relapsed/refractory MM has become more complicated and, as a consequence, has resulted in great heterogeneity in treatment patterns. Little is known about treatment sequences in the US community practice setting for elderly patients. The goal of this study was to describe treatment sequencing patterns in elderly MM patients. Methods: A retrospective cohort study of patients (≥65 years old) with newly diagnosed MM between 7/1/2011 and 5/31/2014 who had ≥2 oncologist visits within 90 days after diagnosis and ≥90 days of follow-up was conducted. Patients were selected from the Truven MarketScan Oncology Electronic Medical Records (EMR) database and followed until last visit in the EMR database or 8/31/2014, whichever occurred first. First-line (1L) treatment included treatment that a patient received since first anti-MM prescription/administration. For any given line of therapy, the end of treatment was defined as the first day of any gap in treatment >90 days or initiation of a new regimen. Treatment patterns for 1L, second-line (2L), and third-line (3L) treatment were described. Duration of treatment and treatment-free intervals were analyzed using Kaplan-Meier (K-M) methods. Results: 2,896 MM patients met the selection criteria and initiated anti-MM therapy in the study period. Of these, 1,032 (36%) patients (median age 75 years, 55% male) received 2L treatment and 352 (12%) received 3L treatment. The median patient follow-up for those who received 2L treatment was 19.2 months. Of the 1,032 patients with 2L treatment, 715 (69%) received a proteasome inhibitor (PI=bortezomib, carfilzomib) or an immunomodulatory drug (IMiD=lenalidomide, pomalidomide, thalidomide) and 317 (31%) received conventional chemotherapy (CT) or steroid (S) only (Table 1). 16% received a stem cell transplant at any time. Of the 352 patients with 3L treatment, 227 (64%) received a PI or IMiD, and 125 (36%) received CT or S only (Table 1). The use of carfilzomib and pomalidomide increased slightly from 1L to 3L (Table 2). Of the 374 patients who received 2L IMiD, over 80% received a PI or IMiD in 1L treatment (PI: 45%, IMiD: 22%, both: 15%); of those who received an IMiD in both 1L and 2L, 86% repeated the IMiD received in 1L and 9% switched to pomalidomide. Of the 307 patients who received 2L PI, >80% received a PI or IMiD in 1L treatment (PI: 57%, IMiD: 22%, both: 5%); of those who received a PI in both 1L and 2L, 72% repeated the PI received in 1L and 26% switched to carfilzomib. Similarly, of the 124 patients who received 3L IMiD, most received a PI or IMiD in 2L (PI: 13%, IMiD: 47%, both: 3%). The same was true of the 92 patients who received 3L PI (PI: 28%, IMiD: 45%, both: 3% in 2L treatment). Of the 352 patients with 1L-3L treatment, 93% received a PI or IMiD in 1L, 2L, or 3L; 32% had a PI or IMiD in all 3 lines. Median duration of 1L, 2L, and 3L treatment was 196, 148, and 124 days, respectively (Table 3). Median treatment-free interval from end of 1L to initiation of 2L, and from end of 2L to initiation of 3L, was 175 and 137 days, respectively (Table 3). Conclusions: The data suggest that elderly MM patients run out of treatment options when they fail 1L/2L treatment; therefore, duration of treatment as well as treatment-free interval decreases as disease progresses. These findings highlight the unmet needs for newer therapies in elderly MM patients who fail prior anti-MM treatment. Table 1. 2L and 3L treatment for first- and second-relapsed elderly MM patients PI or IMiD, n (%) CT, n (%) S, n (%) n All PI only IMiD only Both 2L 1,032 715 (69) 307 (30) 374 (36) 34 (3) 78 (8) 239 (23) 3L 352 227 (64) 92 (26) 124 (35) 11 (3) 26 (7) 99 (28) Table 2. Use of carfilzomib and pomalidomide among the 1,032 patients in 1L, 2L and 3L treatment Treatment n Carfilzomib, n (%) Pomalidomide, n (%) 1L 2,896 99 (3) 15 (1) 2L 1,032 72 (7) 41 (4) 3L 352 32 (9) 23 (7) Table 1. K-M estimates of duration of treatment and treatment-free interval for 1L, 2L, and 3L treatment in elderly patients with MM K-M Estimate 95% CI Treatment duration, days 1L (n=2,896) 196 180-208 2L (n=1,032) 148 127-165 3L (n=352) 124 100-194 Treatment-free interval, days 1L to 2L (n=1,596) 175 164-191 2L to 3L (n=507) 137 127-157 Disclosures Farr: Truven Health Analytics: Employment, Other: I am employed by Truven Health Analytics which received funding from Bristol-Myers Squibb to conduct this analysis. Stott-Miller:Truven Health Analytics: Employment, Other: I am an employee of Truven Health Analytics which received funding from Bristol-Myers Squibb to conduct this analysis. Varker:Truven Health Analytics: Employment, Other: I am an employee of Truven Health Analytics which received funding from Bristol-Myers Squibb to conduct this analysis. Spencer:Truven Health Analytics: Employment, Other: I am an employee of Truven Health Analytics which received funding from Bristol-Myers Squibb to conduct this analysis. Shah:Bristol-Myers Squibb: Employment, Other: Stocks. Chen:Bristol-Myers Squibb: Employment.
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Fan, Nan, und Jiagui Luo. „On the conjecture of Je$ \acute{\textbf{s}} $manowicz“. AIMS Mathematics 8, Nr. 6 (2023): 14232–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/math.2023728.
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<abstract><p>Let $ k, l, m_1 $ and $ m_2 $ be positive integers and let both $ p $ and $ q $ be odd primes such that $ p^k = 2^{m_1}-a^{m_2} $ and $ q^l = 2^{m_1}+a^{m_2} $ where $ a $ is a positive integer with $ a\equiv {\pm 3}\pmod 8 $. In this paper, using only the elementary methods of factorization, congruence methods and the quadratic reciprocity law, we show that Je$ \acute{s} $manowicz' a conjecture holds for the following set of primitive Pythagorean numbers:</p> <p><disp-formula> <label/> <tex-math id="FE1"> \begin{document}$ \frac{q^{2l}-p^{2k}}{2}, p^kq^l, \frac{q^{2l}+p^{2k}}{2}. $\end{document} </tex-math></disp-formula></p> <p>We also prove that Je$ \acute{s} $manowicz' conjecture holds for non-primitive Pythagorean numbers:</p> <p><disp-formula> <label/> <tex-math id="FE2"> \begin{document}$ n\frac{q^{2l}-p^{2k}}{2}, np^kq^l, n\frac{q^{2l}+p^{2k}}{2}, $\end{document} </tex-math></disp-formula></p> <p>for any positive integer $ n $ if for $ a = a_1a_2 $ with $ a_1\equiv 1 \pmod 8 $ not a square and $ \gcd(a_1, a_2) = 1 $, then there exists a prime divisor $ P $ of $ a_2 $ such that $ \left(\frac{a_1}{P}\right) = -1 $ and $ 2|m_1, a\equiv 5 \pmod 8 $ or $ 2\not|m_2, a\equiv 3\pmod 8 $.</p></abstract>
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Koga, Shunsaku, Thomas J. Barstow, Tomoyuki Shiojiri, Tetsuo Takaishi, Yoshiyuki Fukuba, Narihiko Kondo, Manabu Shibasaki und David C. Poole. „Effect of muscle mass on V˙o 2kinetics at the onset of work“. Journal of Applied Physiology 90, Nr. 2 (01.02.2001): 461–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.2001.90.2.461.
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The dependence of O2 uptake (V˙o 2) kinetics on the muscle mass recruited under conditions when fiber and muscle recruitment patterns are similar following the onset of exercise has not been determined. We developed a motorized cycle ergometer that facilitated one-leg (1L) cycling in which the electromyographic (EMG) profile of the active muscles was not discernibly altered from that during two-leg (2L) cycling. Six subjects performed 1L and 2L exercise transitions from unloaded cycling to moderate [<ventilatory threshold (VT)] and heavy (>VT) exercise. The 1L condition yielded kinetics that was unchanged from the 2L condition [the phase 2 time constants (τ1, in s) for <VT were as follows: 1L = 16.8±8.4 (SD), 2L = 18.4 ± 8.1, P > 0.05; for >VT: 1L = 26.8 ± 12.0; 2L = 27.8 ± 16.1, P > 0.05]. The overall V˙o 2 kinetics (mean response time) was not significantly different for the two exercise conditions. However, the gain of the fast component (the amplitude/work rate) during the 1L exercise was significantly higher than that for the 2L exercise for both moderate and heavy work rates. The slow-component responses evident for heavy exercise were temporally and quantitatively unaffected by the 1L condition. These data demonstrate that, when leg muscle recruitment patterns are unchanged as assessed by EMG analysis, on-transient V˙o 2 kinetics for both moderate and heavy exercise are not dependent on the muscle mass recruited.
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Sleiman, Dona, Pierre Simon Garcia, Marion Lagune, Jerome Loc’h, Ahmed Haouz, Najwa Taib, Pascal Röthlisberger, Simonetta Gribaldo, Philippe Marlière und Pierre Alexandre Kaminski. „A third purine biosynthetic pathway encoded by aminoadenine-based viral DNA genomes“. Science 372, Nr. 6541 (29.04.2021): 516–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.abe6494.
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Cells have two purine pathways that synthesize adenine and guanine ribonucleotides from phosphoribose via inosylate. A chemical hybrid between adenine and guanine, 2-aminoadenine (Z), replaces adenine in the DNA of the cyanobacterial virus S-2L. We show that S-2L and Vibrio phage PhiVC8 encode a third purine pathway catalyzed by PurZ, a distant paralog of succinoadenylate synthase (PurA), the enzyme condensing aspartate and inosylate in the adenine pathway. PurZ condenses aspartate with deoxyguanylate into dSMP (N6-succino-2-amino-2′-deoxyadenylate), which undergoes defumarylation and phosphorylation to give dZTP (2-amino-2′-deoxyadenosine-5′-triphosphate), a substrate for the phage DNA polymerase. Crystallography and phylogenetics analyses indicate a close relationship between phage PurZ and archaeal PurA enzymes. Our work elucidates the biocatalytic innovation that remodeled a DNA building block beyond canonical molecular biology.
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Varghese, Della, Giovanna I. Cruz, Colden Johanson, Liz Toland, Miguel Miranda, Eleanor C. Faherty, David Harland und Henry G. Kaplan. „Abstract P1-11-19: A real-world evidence study of treatment patterns in patients with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer who have received at least 2-lines of therapy“. Cancer Research 83, Nr. 5_Supplement (01.03.2023): P1–11–19—P1–11–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs22-p1-11-19.
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Abstract Background. Standard-of-care treatment for HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer (HER2+ mBC) patients has traditionally included targeted therapies such as trastuzumab and/or pertuzumab in first line (1L) and ado-trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1) in the second line (2L). In 2021, fam-trastuzumab deruxtecan-nxki (T-DXd, Enhertu®) was approved following DESTINY-Breast 03 trial results, demonstrating a significant reduction in the risk of progression compared to T-DM1 in 2L. Contemporary data on treatment patterns and clinical outcomes for HER2+ mBC patients after their 1L therapy in a real-world setting is limited and would help understand whether all eligible patients receive optimal and timely targeted therapies. This study aimed to report 2L treatment patterns and outcomes among HER2+ mBC patients in the United States (US). Methods. Adult HER2+ mBC patients with ≥2 lines of therapy were identified from the Syapse Learning Health Network (LHN) database; a longitudinal US oncology database integrating data from community health systems, labs and other external sources. Included patients initiated 2L treatment for metastatic disease between January 2014-February 2021 (index date), allowing for 12-months of follow-up. Descriptive statistics for patient characteristics, treatment patterns including prior metastatic treatments, time to treatment discontinuation (TTD), and reasons for 2L discontinuation were reported. Results. Of the 15,241 breast cancer patients in the LHN with abstracted data, 312 HER2+ mBC patients received ≥2L treatment. The patients were mostly White (69%) or African American (21%), median age of 59 years (interquartile range [IQR], 50-66) at start of 2L. The African American population was typically diagnosed young (median age 50 [IQR, 44-61] vs. 54 [IQR, 46-62] years) with stage IV disease at initial diagnosis (69% vs 62%) versus Whites. Majority of the 312 patients had stage IV disease at initial diagnosis (62%); most common sites of metastasis at mBC diagnosis were bone (52%), distant lymph node(s) (38%), liver (36%) and brain (10%). The median length of follow-up was 22 months (IQR, 13-37), 54% had initiated their 2L therapy since 2018. Majority of the 312 patients had received a trastuzumab-based (T-based) regimen in 1L (78%). Among the 312 patients, 37% had received only 2 lines of therapy in the metastatic setting, 28% received 3 and 35% received ≥4 lines of therapy. In 2L, 89% of the 312 patients received a HER2-targeted treatment (monotherapy or combination); the most frequent 2L regimens included T-DM1 monotherapy (29%), trastuzumab/pertuzumab/taxane (10%) and T-DM1/trastuzumab (8%). Subsequently, 197 of the 312 patients (63%) received 3L therapy. Among these 197 patients, T-DM1 monotherapy (19%), T-DXd monotherapy (10%) and capecitabine/lapatinib (8%) were the most frequently reported 3L regimens. Around 88% (n=274) of the 312 patients discontinued their 2L therapy. Median TTD of 2L from index date was 7.2 months (95% CI, 6.5-8.9); median TTD was 10.6 months (95% CI, 7.4-14.0) among a sub-group of patients who received a T-based regimen in their 2L (N=116). Approximately 47% of patients discontinued their 2L regimen due to progression/worsening of cancer, 17% discontinued from intolerance/toxicity in the absence of progression. Conclusions. This study suggests the treatment trajectory of US HER2+ mBC patients is variable in the real world clinical practice. Approximately two-thirds of the 2L patients had to receive a subsequent therapy and disease progression was the most common reason for 2L treatment discontinuation, reflecting a remaining need to improve outcomes for patients in 2L HER2+ disease. Citation Format: Della Varghese, Giovanna I. Cruz, Colden Johanson, Liz Toland, Miguel Miranda, Eleanor C. Faherty, David Harland, Henry G. Kaplan. A real-world evidence study of treatment patterns in patients with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer who have received at least 2-lines of therapy [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2022 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2022 Dec 6-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(5 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-11-19.
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Stokolos, Alexander. „PROPERTIES OF THE MAXIMAL OPERATORS ASSOCIATED WITH BASES OF RECTANGLES IN $\mathbb{R}^3$“. Proceedings of the Edinburgh Mathematical Society 51, Nr. 2 (Juni 2008): 489–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0013091506001180.
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AbstractThis paper is an attempt to understand a phenomenon of maximal operators associated with bases of three-dimensional rectangles of dimensions $(t,1/t,s)$ within a framework of more general Soria bases. The Jessen–Marcinkiewicz–Zygmund Theorem implies that the maximal operator associated with a Soria basis continuously maps $L\log^2L$ into $L^{1,\infty}$. We give a simple geometric condition that guarantees that the $L\log^2L$ class cannot be enlarged. The proof develops the author's methods applied previously in the two-dimensional case and is related to theorems of Córdoba, Soria and Fefferman and Pipher.
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Kong, Qi, und Ligong Wang. „Upper bounds on Q-spectral radius of book-free and/or $K_{s,t}$-free graphs“. Electronic Journal of Linear Algebra 32 (06.02.2017): 447–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.13001/1081-3810.3067.
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In this paper, we prove two results about the signless Laplacian spectral radius $q(G)$ of a graph $G$ of order $n$ with maximum degree $\Delta$. Let $B_{n}=K_{2}+\overline{K_{n}}$ denote a book, i.e., the graph $B_{n}$ consists of $n$ triangles sharing an edge. The results are the following: (1) Let $1< k\leq l< \Delta < n$ and $G$ be a connected \{$B_{k+1},K_{2,l+1}$\}-free graph of order $n$ with maximum degree $\Delta$. Then $$\displaystyle q(G)\leq \frac{1}{4}[3\Delta+k-2l+1+\sqrt{(3\Delta+k-2l+1)^{2}+16l(\Delta+n-1)}$$ with equality if and only if $G$ is a strongly regular graph with parameters ($\Delta$, $k$, $l$). (2) Let $s\geq t\geq 3$, and let $G$ be a connected $K_{s,t}$-free graph of order $n$ $(n\geq s+t)$. Then $$q(G)\leq n+(s-t+1)^{1/t}n^{1-1/t}+(t-1)(n-1)^{1-3/t}+t-3.$$
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Prem, Markus, Kurt Polbom und Wolfgang Beck. „Metallkomplexe mit biologisch wichtigen Liganden, CIX [1]. Metallorganische Verbindungen von Platin(II), Ruthenium(II), Rhodium (III) und Iridium (III) mit Oxocarbonyl-N-geschützten a-Am inosäuren und L-Methionylglycinat / Metal Complexes with Biologically Important Ligands, CIX [1]. Organometallic Compounds of Platinum(II), Ruthenium(II), Rhodium(III), and Iridium(III) with Oxocarbonyl-N-protected a-Amino Acids and L-Methionylglycinate“. Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 53, Nr. 12 (01.12.1998): 1501–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-1998-1213.
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Abstract The reaction of cis-(Ph3P)2PtCl2 with BOC-N-glycine and FMOC-N-alanine gives the carboxylate coordinated complexes cis-(Ph3P)2 Pt(Cl)(O2CCH2NHBOC) (1) and cis- (Ph3 P)2Pt(Cl)(O2CC(H)(Me)NHFMOC (2). Chloride and proton abstraction from 1 affords the N,O-chelate complex (Ph3P)2Pt(O2CCH2NBOC) (3). From the chloro-bridged compounds [Cp*MCl2]2 (M = Rh, Ir), [(p-cymene)RuCl2]2 and BOC-N-L-MetGlyOH (L) the compounds Cp*M(Cl)2L (4, 5) and (p-cymene)Ru(Cl)2L (6 ) with the mono-dentate dipeptide are obtained which in the presence of NaOMe form O,N,S-bis(chelate) complexes 7 - 9 . The X-ray diffraction analysis of the iridium O,N,S chelate complex 8 shows a five membered and a seven membered chelate ring.
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Guo, Yuxia, und Yichen Hu. „Non-degeneracy of bubble solutions for higher order prescribed curvature problem“. Advanced Nonlinear Studies 22, Nr. 1 (01.01.2022): 15–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ans-2022-0003.
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Abstract In this article, we are concerned with the following prescribed curvature problem involving polyharmonic operator on S N {{\mathbb{S}}}^{N} : D m u = K ( ∣ y ∣ ) u m ∗ − 1 , u > 0 in S N , u ∈ H m ( S N ) , {D}^{m}u=K\left(| y| ){u}^{{m}^{\ast }-1},\hspace{1.0em}u\gt 0\hspace{0.33em}\hspace{0.1em}\text{in}\hspace{0.1em}\hspace{0.33em}{{\mathbb{S}}}^{N},\hspace{1.0em}u\in {H}^{m}\left({{\mathbb{S}}}^{N}), where K ( ∣ y ∣ ) K\left(| y| ) is a positive function, m ∗ = 2 N N − 2 m {m}^{\ast }=\frac{2N}{N-2m} is the Sobolev embedding critical exponent, N > 2 m + 2 N\gt 2m+2 . D m {D}^{m} is the 2 m 2m order differential operator given by D m = ∏ l = 1 m − Δ g + 1 4 ( N − 2 l ) ( N + 2 l − 2 ) , {D}^{m}=\mathop{\prod }\limits_{l=1}^{m}\left(-{\Delta }_{g}+\frac{1}{4}\left(N-2l)\left(N+2l-2)\right), where Δ g {\Delta }_{g} is the Laplace-Beltrami operator on S N {{\mathbb{S}}}^{N} , S N {{\mathbb{S}}}^{N} is the unit sphere with Riemann metric g g . We first establish two kinds of local Pohozaev identities for polyharmonic operator, then we prove that the positive bubbling solution constructed in the study of Guo and Li is non-degenerate.
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Begum, Mahbuba, Sumaita Binte Shorif, Mohammad Shorif Uddin, Jannatul Ferdush, Tony Jan, Alistair Barros und Md Whaiduzzaman. „Image Watermarking Using Discrete Wavelet Transform and Singular Value Decomposition for Enhanced Imperceptibility and Robustness“. Algorithms 17, Nr. 1 (12.01.2024): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/a17010032.
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Digital multimedia elements such as text, image, audio, and video can be easily manipulated because of the rapid rise of multimedia technology, making data protection a prime concern. Hence, copyright protection, content authentication, and integrity verification are today’s new challenging issues. To address these issues, digital image watermarking techniques have been proposed by several researchers. Image watermarking can be conducted through several transformations, such as discrete wavelet transform (DWT), singular value decomposition (SVD), orthogonal matrix Q and upper triangular matrix R (QR) decomposition, and non-subsampled contourlet transform (NSCT). However, a single transformation cannot simultaneously satisfy all the design requirements of image watermarking, which makes a platform to design a hybrid invisible image watermarking technique in this work. The proposed work combines four-level (4L) DWT and two-level (2L) SVD. The Arnold map initially encrypts the watermark image, and 2L SVD is applied to it to extract the s components of the watermark image. A 4L DWT is applied to the host image to extract the LL sub-band, and then 2L SVD is applied to extract s components that are embedded into the host image to generate the watermarked image. The dynamic-sized watermark maintains a balanced visual impact and non-blind watermarking preserves the quality and integrity of the host image. We have evaluated the performance after applying several intentional and unintentional attacks and found high imperceptibility and improved robustness with enhanced security to the system than existing state-of-the-art methods.
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Gabay-Laughnan, Susan, Christine D. Chase, Victor M. Ortega und Liming Zhao. „Molecular-Genetic Characterization of CMS-S Restorer-of-Fertility Alleles Identified in Mexican Maize and Teosinte“. Genetics 166, Nr. 2 (01.02.2004): 959–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/166.2.959.
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Abstract Restorer-of-fertility (Rf) alleles for S-type cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS-S) are prevalent in Mexican races of maize and teosinte. Forty-five Rf alleles from 26 races of maize and 6 Rf alleles from different accessions of teosinte were found to be homozygous viable, consistent with the hypothesis that they are naturally occurring Rf alleles. Mapping and allelism studies were performed to assess the number of genes represented by these 51 alleles. Forty-two of the Rf alleles mapped to the long arm of chromosome 2 (2L), and 5 of these were further mapped to the whp1-rf3 region. The Rf3 restoring allele, found in some U.S. maize inbred lines, cosegregates with internal processing of CMS-S mitochondrial transcripts. Three of the 5 mapped Rf alleles were associated with a similar RNA processing event. Allelism or tight linkage was confirmed between Rf3 and 2 teosinte alleles (Rf K-69-6 and Rf 9477) and between Rf3 and the Cónico Norteño allele Rf C-N (GTO 22). The rf3 region of 2L potentially encodes a complex of linked rf genes. The prevalence of restoring alleles in this chromosomal region, among normal-cytoplasm accessions of Mexican maize and teosinte, supports the conclusion that these alleles have functions in normal mitochondrial gene expression that by chance allow them to restore male fertility in S cytoplasm.
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Ionescu-Ittu, Raluca, Aijing Shang, Nancy Vander Velde, Annie Guérin, Yilu Lin, Lizheng Shi, Sherry Shi und Naseer Qayum. „Comparable Overall Survival with Rituximab-Bendamustine (R-Benda) and Rituximab-Gemcitabine-Oxaliplatin (R-GemOx) When Used As Second-Line (2L) Treatment for Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma (DLBCL): A Real-World Study Using US Veterans Health Administration Data“. Blood 132, Supplement 1 (29.11.2018): 1711. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2018-99-113039.
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Abstract Introduction: DLBCL is the most common subtype of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. R-CHOP (rituximab plus cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine and prednisone) is established as the standard of care for patients (pts) with previously untreated DLBCL, but ~40% of pts will eventually relapse. For relapsed/refractory pts who are ineligible for transplant, clinical guidelines propose a broad spectrum of therapeutic options. However, little is known about treatment patterns and outcomes associated with 2L therapy in routine practice, particularly for pts less suitable for intensive therapy. Therefore, using real-world data, we evaluated 2L treatment patterns in DLBCL pts and overall survival (OS) in those pts who received 2L R-Benda or R-GemOx. We focused on these 2 treatments as they are typically used in the non-transplant setting in pts less suitable for aggressive therapy, and can typically be administered in an outpatient setting. Methods: DLBCL pts receiving care from the US Veterans Health Administration were identified through their electronic medical records and raw oncology domain. Pts diagnosed with DLBCL (and no prior other types of malignancies) between 2004-2016, with ≥1-month follow-up and who received 2L treatment were included. OS (defined as time from the start of 2L therapy until death) was analyzed in pts who received 2L R-Benda or R-GemOx using the Kaplan-Meier method. Surviving pts were censored at data cutoff (December 31, 2017). Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were undertaken to assess the impact of 2L treatment (in particular, R-GemOx vs R-Benda) on OS. Results: A total of 2600 DLBCL pts were identified: 2039 received 1L and 702 received 1L and 2L therapy. Among the 702 pts treated with 2L therapy, regimens included R-ICE (n=77; 11.0%), R-CHOP (n=75; 10.7%), rituximab monotherapy (n=34; 4.8%), R-Benda (n=32; 4.6%), methotrexate (n=24; 3.4%), R-ESHAP (n=23; 3.3%), R-DHAP/R-EPOCH/R-GDP (n=18; 2.6%), rituximab plus cyclophosphamide-doxorubicin-vinblastine-vincristine (n=14; 2.0%), R-CVP (n=11; 1.6%), rituximab plus cyclophosphamide-etoposide-vincristine (n=11; 1.6%), and R-GemOx (n=10; 1.4%). Of the remaining pts, 267 (38.0%) received regimens with agent(s) included in the NCCN guidelines, while 106 (15.1%) received regimens with at least 1 agent not guideline-recommended. Baseline characteristics for pts treated with 2L R-Benda (n=32) or R-GemOx (n=10) are shown in Table 1. There was an imbalance between the 2 cohorts with regard to race, number of involved lymph nodes, B symptoms, Charlson Comorbidity Index score, and abnormal lactate dehydrogenase results. After 24 deaths in the R-Benda cohort and 7 deaths in the R-GemOx cohort, median OS was estimated at 11 and 13 months, respectively (Figure 1). Median follow-up time after start of 2L treatment was 11.3 and 11.7 months, respectively. The Kaplan-Meier curves of the 2 cohorts overlapped at multiple timepoints during follow-up. Respective 1-year OS rates (95% confidence interval [CI]) with R-Benda and R-GemOx were 50.0% (31.9%, 65.7%) and 60.0% (25.3%, 82.7%). Compared with R-Benda, R-GemOx did not significantly predict longer OS in either the univariate (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.94; 95% CI: 0.41, 2.19; p=0.893) or multivariate (HR: 1.07; 95% CI: 0.46, 2.50; p=0.873) analyses. Conclusions: This real-world study highlights the diversity of 2L treatment regimens used in DLBCL pts. There was no apparent difference in OS between R-Benda- and R-GemOx-treated pts and, with a median OS of approximately 1 year after 2L initiation with either regimen, there is clearly an unmet need in this setting. The main limitation of the study relates to the small sample size of each treatment cohort. Further research using other real-world data sources is warranted. Disclosures Ionescu-Ittu: Analysis Group, Inc.: Employment; F. Hoffman-La Roche Ltd: Consultancy, Other: I am an employee of Analysis Group, Inc., which received consulting fees from Roche for the conduct of this study. Shang:F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd.: Employment, Other: Ownership interests non-PLC. Guérin:F. Hoffman-La Roche Ltd: Other: I am an employee of Analysis Group, Inc., which received consulting fees from Roche for the conduct of this study; Analysis Group, Inc.: Employment. Shi:F. Hoffman-La Roche Ltd: Research Funding; Bravo4Health: Other: Ownership interests non-PLC; Genentech: Research Funding; Chiasma: Research Funding; Intuitive Surgical: Consultancy. Shi:F. Hoffman-La Roche Ltd: Other: I am an employee of Analysis Group, Inc., which received consulting fees from Roche for the conduct of this study; Analysis Group, Inc.: Employment. Qayum:F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd: Employment.
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GIRSTMAIR, KURT. „DEDEKIND SUMS WITH SMALL DENOMINATORS“. International Journal of Number Theory 08, Nr. 08 (19.09.2012): 1965–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793042112501102.
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Let (m, n) = 1 and S(m/n) = 12s(m/n), where s(m/n) is the usual Dedekind sum. Then [Formula: see text]. Let q ≥ 1 be a divisor of n. We give a necessary and sufficient condition for [Formula: see text] and, thereby, generalize a result of Rademacher that concerns the case q = 1. Further, we study the structure of possible denominators q of S(m/n). Finally, we show that for certain quadratic irrationals of odd period length l the convergents sk/tk, k ≡ l - 1 ( mod 2l), yield stationary values of S(sk/tk). This means that, for large values of k, the denominators q of these Dedekind sums are very small compared with tk.
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Lang, Markus A., Karlheinz Sünkel, Walter Ponikwar und Wolfgang Beck. „Metallkomplexe mit biologisch wichtigen Liganden, CL [1]. 1,1-Dithiolato-Komplex von Palladium(II), Platin(II) und Gold(I) aus Diphenylmethylenglycinester sowie N,N-Dimethylglycinester und Schwefelkohlenstoff“. Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 58, Nr. 4 (01.04.2003): 311–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-2003-0410.
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The 1,1-dithiolates Ph2C═N-C(CO2Et)═CS22− and Me2NC(CO2Et)═CS22− from diphenylmethylene glycine ethylester or N,N-dimethylglycine ester and CS2 react under basic conditions with chlorophosphine compounds of Pd(II), Pt(II) and gold(I) to give the complexes Ph2C═N-C(CO2Et)═CS2ML2, Me2N-C(CO2Et)═CS2ML2 (M = Pd, Pt; L = PPh3, 2L = Ph2PCH2CH2PPh2) and Ph2C═N-C(CO2Et)═CS2(AuPPh3)2, and Me2N- C(CO2Et)═CS2(AuPPh3)2.The structures of the palladium complex Ph2C═N-C(CO2Et)═CS2Pd(PPh3)2 and of diphenylmethylene- L-alanine ethylester were determined by X-ray diffraction. Besides this S,S-complex also the (less stable) S,O-isomer could be detected.
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Nair, Abhishek A., Christina S. Kwon, Sharada Harricharan und Xinke Zhang. „Efficacy and safety of second-line (2L) therapy in patients with relapsed small cell lung cancer (SCLC): A systematic literature review (SLR).“ Journal of Clinical Oncology 40, Nr. 16_suppl (01.06.2022): e20576-e20576. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2022.40.16_suppl.e20576.
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e20576 Background: Although SCLC is sensitive to first-line chemotherapy, most patients experience relapse, and options for 2L therapy are limited. Patients with relapsed SCLC have a poor prognosis, particularly those with resistant disease. To better understand the clinical unmet need of relapsed SCLC, we conducted a SLR of the efficacy and safety of currently approved 2L treatments for SCLC. Methods: EMBASE, MEDLINE, Cochrane databases (01/1990-11/2021), and congress abstracts (2020-21) were queried in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Item for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines using Population, Intervention & Comparators, Outcomes and Study Design (PICOS) criteria to identify interventional studies involving 2L SCLC treatments. Efficacy and safety data were extracted in overall populations (O), as well as platinum-sensitive (S) and resistant (R) subgroups. Efficacy data including overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), overall response rate (ORR), and duration of response (DoR) were summarized for currently approved treatments including topotecan (T), amrubicin (A), and lurbinectedin (L) monotherapies. Results: Of the 4,329 records identified, 130 studies were selected, of which 35 studies investigated T (22 studies), A (15 studies) and L (1 study) monotherapies (3 studies comparing A vs T) and outcomes by these treatments are presented (Table). Median OS ranged from 5.0 to 12.0 months in O, 3.4 to 11.0 in R, and 5.0 to 14.4 months in S. Median PFS was up to 4 months in O and R. ORR ranged widely by treatments. Median DoR was 3.1 to 5.3 months in O, less than 5 months in R, and 10 months in S. Among studies reporting overall safety, grade 3+ adverse events (AEs) were observed in 72%-96% and 74%-93% of patients with T (n = 308 from 3 studies) and A (n = 526 from 3 studies), respectively. The most common grade 3+ AEs in patients with L (n = 105) were neutropenia (46%) followed by leucopenia (29%). Conclusions: Relapsed SCLC patients treated with currently approved treatments have poor survival outcomes, especially those with resistant disease. A significant unmet need exists for treatment options extending survival and durability.[Table: see text]
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Ribeiro, Maria-Jose, Samantha McClelland, James Duvel, Mark Geraci, Donna Leslie, Kourtney D. Laplant, Marshall Tague und Bernadette B. Heron. „Building Quality Improvement Initiatives through Anti-Cancer Stewardship in the Veterans Health Administration (VHA): CML Pilot“. Blood 142, Supplement 1 (28.11.2023): 3721. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2023-182240.
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The Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) Pharmacy Benefits Management (PBM) Services created a national stewardship with focus on anti-cancer therapeutics within a disease-specific cohort . Directing stewardship initiatives to a cohort of Veterans with a common malignancy is a novel approach. A multidisciplinary team with National PBM and VISNs (Veterans Integrated Service Network) promotes standardization of practice with accountability to monitor outcomes as a continual quality improvement process. A toolkit was built to support stewardship activities and includes: near-real-time process to identify a national disease-specific Veteran cohortdisease validation processcentralized MUE data collectioneducational resourcessite for communication and training materials Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors (TKIs) account for the second highest utilization among outpatient oral anti-cancer therapies in VHA . Imatinib has demonstrated persistent efficacy and is the preferred TKI on the VA National Formulary. Utilizing our toolkit, we developed two MUEs for our national CML cohort to determine why Veterans were not prescribed imatinib as 1L therapy and reasons for switching from first to second line therapy. Methods Business rules identified VISN CML cohorts by using data sources and diagnostic coding from the VA Electronic Health Record (EHR): primary care and hematology/oncology visits (ICD-10), inpatient stays (ICD-10), and problem lists (ICD-10; SNOMED CT). Retrospective chart review of two subsets: Veterans who received a drug other than imatinib as their initial VA prescriptionVeterans who received at least two unique drugs to treat CML Data abstracted for MUE #1: Disposition of TKI prescriptionIf new initiation, documented reason(s) for drug selectionIf continuation, prior drug therapy history Data abstracted for MUE #2: Documented reason(s) for switch to 2LIf adverse drug reaction (ADR) included as a reason, is it documented in the EHR? Analysis combined responses with prescription data from the EHR. Results Of the 18 VISNs, 9 participated in MUE data collection. 365 patients were identified as not having received imatinib 1L and 360 were identified as having received at least two unique drugs to treat CML. These counts are each approximately 30% of the total CML patient cohort. In the total cohort, ~50% of patients received imatinib 1L and have not switched to 2L. Responses for 1L TKI therapy (N=365) 199 (55%) continued therapy originally started outside VA with 67% of these patients (n=133) without documentation of prior imatinib therapy166 (45%) were newly initiating CML therapy with top documented reasons for drug selection: Intermediate or high risk (e.g., SOKAL risk scoring): 77 (46%)46 (28%)18 (11%)Dasatinib was the most prescribed 1L therapy in this cohort (64%; 235), followed by nilotinib (23%; 85), which had a higher prevalence when therapy was continuation (30%).53 patients (15%) had subsequent imatinib therapyResponses for switch from 1L to 2L therapy (N=360) Top documented reasons for switch from 1L to 2L therapy 215 (60%)81 (23%)Resistance / inadequate response: 69 (19%)Only 37 (17%) who experienced an ADR had it documented in the EHRThe most common 2L drug was dasatinib (55%;198). The median number of days between 1L and 2L initiation was 275 (range: 7 - 2, 573)136 patients (38%) received third line therapy or beyond Conclusions A formalized oncology stewardship with focus on disease-specific initiatives within a national healthcare system is feasible. Responses from our 1L MUE indicate that despite geography, imatinib remains the preferred TKI and accounts for the highest utilization. Most veterans not receiving imatinib as 1L therapy, received dasatinib or nilotinib. Continuation of therapy due to transition of care to VA was the primary reason for 1L therapy with a non-preferred TKI. Other reasons included: FDA indication and SOKAL risk scoring. In our pilot 1L to 2L MUE, ADRs were the most common reason for CML patients to be switched to 2L (45%) followed by resistance/inadequate response and disease progression . Most ADRs were not documented in the EHR. Further interventions in TKI prescribing may be instituted in select sites . Following initiatives for CML, Anti-Cancer Stewardship will be expanded to other oncologic diseases.
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Prima Arga Rumbyarso, Yonas. „Analisis Perkuatan Rangka Atap Baja pada Bangunan Gedung Heritage 1921 Menggunakan Software SAP 2000“. Jurnal Teknik Indonesia 1, Nr. 1 (13.10.2022): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.58860/jti.v1i1.2.
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Introduction: The roof truss construction used in the cultural heritage building in this analysis is a truss roof truss with 2L angle steel profiles (double elbow) 40.40, 50.50, 60.60, 70.70, IWF steel profile gording 150x150, and roof tile coverings, with a length ofroof 102 m, width 21.6 m, height 5 m, with a distance of 7.4 m and 4.1 m truss. The cultural heritage building discussed in this analysis is the roof, namely the horses. Method: The method used in this study is to collect data in the form of shop drawings. The purpose of the study was to identify the capability of the roof structure with the updated loading regulations RSNI 1727-2018. Results: This analysis uses the latest RSNI 1727-2018 loading regulations and the latest SNI 1729-2015 steel regulations, does not change the installed materials and existing shapes, and does not use earthquake and rain loads, only live/maintenance loads, heavy dead loads. roof coverings, ceilings and hangers, and compressed and suction wind loads. Conclusion: From the resultsof this analysis, it is assumed that the rusted steel profile has been replaced, there are two truss rods that need to be replaced with a 2L 80.80 double angled profile with initial data of a 70.70 2L profile. Analysis of the 3-dimensional roof structure with SAP2000 software by reviewing the dead load, the live load of workers according to the loading regulations of the RSNI 1727-2018, taking into account the compressed wind load of 75.82 m2, the suction wind load of 57.37 m2 according to the wind speed of 40 m/s
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Babashkina, Maria G., Damir A. Safin, Łukasz Szyrwiel, Maria Kubiak, Felix D. Sokolov, Yuri V. Starikov und Henryk Kozlowski. „Complexes ofN-Thiophosphorylthioureaα-NaphthylNHC(S)NHP(S)(OiPr)2(HL) with Copper(I). Crystal Structures of HL and Cu(PPh3)2L“. Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie 635, Nr. 3 (März 2009): 554–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/zaac.200801206.
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Gada, Saliha, Arezki Fekik, Miroslav Mahdal, Sundarapandian Vaidyanathan, Ahmed Maidi und Ali Bouhedda. „Improving Power Quality in Grid-Connected Photovoltaic Systems: A Comparative Analysis of Model Predictive Control in Three-Level and Two-Level Inverters“. Sensors 23, Nr. 18 (15.09.2023): 7901. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23187901.
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The Single-Stage Grid-Connected Solar Photovoltaic (SSGC-SPV) topology has recently gained significant attention, as it offers promising advantages in terms of reducing overall losses and installation costs. We provide a comprehensive overview of the system components, which include the photovoltaic generator, the inverter, the Incremental Conductance Maximum Power Point Tracking (IC-MPPT) algorithm, and the PI regulator for DC bus voltage control. Moreover, this study presents detailed system configurations and control schemes for two types of inverters: 2L−3PVSI and 3L−3PNPC. In order to perform a comparative study between the two structures, we subjected them to the same irradiation profile using the same grid configuration. The Photovoltaic Array (PVA) irradiance is increased instantaneously, in 0.2 s, from 400 W/m2 to 800 W/m2, is kept at 800 W/m2 for 0.2 s, is then gradually decreased from 800 W/m2 to 200 W/m2 in 0.2 s, is then kept at 200 W/m2 for 0.2 s, and is then finally increased to 1000 W/m2 for 0.2 s. We explain the operational principles of these inverters and describe the various switching states involved in generating output voltages. To achieve effective control, we adopt the Finite Set–Model Predictive Control (FS-MPC) algorithm, due to the benefits of excellent dynamic responsiveness and precise current tracking abilities. This algorithm aims to minimise the cost function, while taking into account the dynamic behaviour of both the PV system and the inverter, including any associated delays. To evaluate the performance of the FS-MPC controller, we compare its application in the three-level inverter configuration with the two-level inverter setup. The DC bus voltage is maintained at 615 V using the PI controller. The objective is to achieve a Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) below 5%, with reference to the IEEE standards. The 2L−3PVSI inverter is above the threshold at an irradiance of 200 W/m2. The 3L−3PNPC inverter offers a great THD percentage, meaning improved quality of the power returned to the grid.
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Bautista, Maria Teresa, Kelly Anne Earl, Patricia Anne Maltby, Robert Harold Morris und Caroline Theresia Schweitzer. „New dihydrogen complexes: the synthesis and spectroscopic properties of iron(II), ruthenium(II), and osmium(II) complexes containing the meso-tetraphos-1 ligand“. Canadian Journal of Chemistry 72, Nr. 3 (01.03.1994): 547–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v94-078.
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The synthesis and properties of dihydrogen complexes trans-[MH(H2)L]+, M = Fe, Ru, Os, which contain the ligand meso-tetraphos-1, S,R-Ph2PCH2CH2P(Ph)CH2CH2P(Ph)CH2CH2PPh2 (L) are described. There are interesting possibilities of isomerism in such trans complexes because the axial binding sites at the metal are different, one being surrounded by four phenyl groups and the other by two phenyl groups. The osmium complex is prepared in an unusual reaction of cis-β-Os(Cl)2L with H2 (1 atm) and NaBPh4 (1 mol) in THF or by the reaction of trans-OsH(Cl)L with NaBPh4 and H2. The iron and ruthenium complexes were made by a reaction of HBF4 with complexes trans-M(H)2L that have inequivalent trans hydrides. The ruthenium complex was also prepared starting from isomers of trans-RuH(Cl)L. The H—H distance in the rapidly spinning dihydrogen ligand has been calculated from T1(min) data to be 0.88, 0.89, and 0.99 Å for the complexes of Fe, Ru, Os, respectively. The presence of the H—D bond in the isotopomers trans-[MH(HD)L]+ and trans-[MD(HD)L]+ is also confirmed by the observation of 1JHD coupling constants of 32, 33.5, and 26.4 Hz for Fe, Ru, and Os, respectively. There is no rapid intramolecular H atom exchange in these complexes in contrast to those with di-tert-phosphine ligands like [MH(H2)(dppe)2]+ or to the trihydride Re(H)3L. Described also are the properties of the precursor complexes including cis-β- and trans-Ru(Cl)2L and derivatives of the dihydrogen complexes trans-[MH(L′)L]+, L′ = CH3CN (on Ru and Os), PMe2Ph (on Ru), and CO (on Os). Trends in the NMR properties of isostructural complexes are reported.
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Cattrini, Carlo, Marcello Manfredi, Paola Barboro, Marco Ghirimoldi, Alessia Mennitto, Veronica Martini, Federica Biello et al. „Lipidomic profiling in patients with heavily pretreated castration-resistant prostate cancer.“ Journal of Clinical Oncology 40, Nr. 6_suppl (20.02.2022): 174. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2022.40.6_suppl.174.
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174 Background: Despite the advent of chemotherapy and androgen-receptor signaling inhibitors (ARSi), patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) still show poor prognosis and reduced survival. The selective pressure induced by treatments favors the activation of alternative metabolic pathways that allow the persistence of cancer cells in unfavorable conditions. This study aimed at assessing the lipidomic profiles of patients with mCRPC, in order to identify lipid species potentially useful to predict for prognosis and response to therapies. Methods: Plasma samples were collected from patients with mCRPC who were starting a first-line treatment for mCRPC (1L) (n = 30) and from those who had already received at least two lines of treatment for mCRPC ( > 2L) (n = 19), including at least one ARSi and a taxane. Lipids were extracted from plasma samples using a modified Matyash method employing a mix of cold MeOH and MTBE and containing a mix of deuterated standards (Splash Lipidomix). Lipids were then analyzed with an untargeted lipidomic approach using an UHPLC Vanquish system coupled with a Q-Exactive Plus instrument. T-test was then applied to identify lipid species and classes that were differentially expressed in 1L vs < 2L patients. Results: We identified and quantified a total of 907 plasma lipids. Overall, 68 lipid species were significantly dysregulated in > 2L compared to 1L plasma samples. 56 species were found to be upregulated, whereas 12 were downregulated, with a fold change (FC) > 1.3 or < 0.75 and a p-value < 0.05. At the level of lipid classes, > 2L patients showed higher levels of acylcarnitine (CAR), diacylglycerols (DG), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and triacylglycerols (TG). The following lipids showed the highest FC: DG28:2 = 4.2; CAR14:0 = 3.7; CAR20:1 = 2.6; CAR18:0 = 2.3; PE40:6 = 2.3. Conversely, significantly lower levels of specific phosphatidylcholines (PC) and sterols (ST) were found in > 2L compared to 1L patients. The following species showed the lowest FC: PCO-39:3 = 0.52; ST29:1;O;S = 0.55; PC36:5 = 0.55; PC36.4 = 0.60. These results suggest that patients with strongly pretreated mCRPC show higher levels of lipid species involved in the switch between the glucose and fatty acid metabolism. We also found a dysregulation of ceramides and sphingomyelins which are well-known lipid species involved in apoptosis and cancer progression. Specific lipids warrant further investigation to be used as potential prognostic and predictive biomarkers in patients with mCRPC. Conclusions: Using a quantitative mass spectrometry approach, we investigated the dysregulation of lipids and lipid metabolism in mCRPC patients at different disease stages. We found that specific lipid species show differential levels in patients pretreated with ARSi and chemotherapy, compared to those who are naïve to these treatments, paving the way for further investigations in this field.
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Gao, Yuanhao, Xiaofei Zhang, Peipei Wang, Yan Lei, Xiaognag Yang, Wenjun Fa, Helin Niu und Zhi Zheng. „A novel π–conjugated Zn⟵S→Zn unit interface in the ZnS/Zn(S)2L inorganic/orgainc hybrids for significant photoelectric response“. Applied Surface Science 402 (April 2017): 336–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2017.01.134.
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Carposu, Maria, Lucia Odochian, St Dima, M. Dumitras und Magda Petrovanu. „Thermokinetic study of the inactivation reaction of 1-methyl phthalazinium ylids“. Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society 68, Nr. 6 (2003): 447–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jsc0306447c.
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The present paper consists in a thermokinetic study on the dimerization reactions of 1-methylphthalazinium ylids with ?NO2 (ylid 1) and respectively, ?O?CH3 (ylid 2) substituents in the p position of the benzoyl radical bound to the ylidic carbanion. From experimental data, the reaction order and rate constants have been calculated. The reaction order n = 2 confirmed the ylids? dimerization reactions, while the values of the rate constants, k2 = 3.093x10-2L/mol s and, respectively, 2.16 x?10-1 L/mol s for the dimerization of ylids 1 and 2 made evident the higher reactivity of ylid 2 versus ylid 1. The same conclusion is also supported by the results of the thermodynamic study based on the chemical affinity of the two reactions, when Ao dim,1 < Aodim,2.
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Princic, Nicole, Matthew Brouillette, Derek Tang, Chinjune Lin, Brad Lanoue und Victoria E. Barghout. „Real-world dosing patterns of everolimus-based lines of therapy among post-menopausal women with hormone receptor-positive and human epidermal growth factor receptor-negative (HR+/HER2-) metastatic breast cancer (mBC).“ Journal of Clinical Oncology 35, Nr. 15_suppl (20.05.2017): e12528-e12528. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2017.35.15_suppl.e12528.
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e12528 Background: This study sought to describe dosing patterns of post-menopausal women with HR+/HER2- mBC treated with everolimus during a second or later lines of therapy in the US. Methods: MarketScan Commercial and Medicare Supplemental administrative claims databases were used to select post-menopausal HR+/HER2- mBC females who initiated an everolimus-based line of therapy during 1/1/2013- 7/31/2016. The first secondary malignancy diagnosis was the index date. Patients had 6 months of continuous enrollment in their health plans pre- and post- index, and were followed until the earliest date of disenrollment, inpatient death, or end of study. A line of therapy ended at discontinuation (gap >60 days in all treatment) or switch to a new treatment. Dose modification during 2L, 3L, or 4L was defined by a change in daily dose of >2.5 mg compared to the prior prescription and treatment interruption was defined as a gap >60 days of everolimus followed by a restart of therapy during follow-up. Results: There were 645 mBC patients with everolimus-based line(s) of therapy eligible for analysis (mean age = 61.1 [SD 11.7], mean days to treatment initiation = 33.4 [SD 65.1]). Across all lines, the majority (72.5%-80.8%) of patients were on a combination regimen with endocrine therapy and <10% were on a combination regimen with chemotherapy. Among patients with valid dose data (96.2%), mean initial dose in mg was 8.6 (SD 2.6) in 2L, 8.3 (SD 2.8) in 3L and 9.1 (SD 5.9) in 4L, the majority (71.4%-79%) did not have a dose modification, and <5% had a treatment interruption (Table). Conclusions: Results from this analysis of real-world data suggest that 71%-79% of patients did not experience any modification to the initial dose during an everolimus-based 2L, 3L, or 4L of therapy and less than 4% experienced a treatment interruption. [Table: see text]
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Iede, Kiyotsugu, Masakazu Ikenaga und Terumasa Yamada. „Efficacy of S-1 in 2L chemotherapy after nab-paclitaxel plus gemcitabine for patients with advanced pancreatic cancer“. Annals of Oncology 30 (Oktober 2019): vi130. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/annonc/mdz343.058.
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Davids, Matthew S., Jacob Ambrose, Enrico De Nigris, Jennifer Prescott, Siyang Leng, Mohammed Z. H. Farooqui, Shravanthi R. Gandra et al. „Characteristics and Outcomes of Patients Receiving Sequential Bruton's Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor (BTKi)/B-Cell Lymphoma 2 Inhibitor (BCL2i) for Treatment of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) in the Real-World (rw) Practice Setting“. Blood 142, Supplement 1 (28.11.2023): 6538. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2023-180060.
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Introduction: Bruton's Tyrosine Kinase inhibitors (BTKis) and B-cell lymphoma 2 inhibitors (BCL2is) are targeted agents that have proven to be particularly effective in treating chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). It is critical to understand the current utilization patterns and outcomes of patients receiving these therapies in a sequential manner in the real-world (rw). This study explored patient characteristics and treatment outcomes for patients who were exposed to and discontinued treatment with BTKis and BCL2is in two consecutive lines of therapy (LOTs) for CLL. Methods: Patients were identified in the COTA rw database, a Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act-compliant database comprised of longitudinal data abstracted from the electronic health records of healthcare provider sites in the United States. Eligible patients met the following study criteria: Aged ≥ 18 years at diagnosis with a confirmed CLL/ small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL) diagnosis who initiated second line (2L) therapy between January 1, 2014 - June 30, 2021 and discontinued two consecutive LOTs for the analysis in question. The treatment groups assessed were (1) patients who were exposed to and discontinued treatment with BTKi and BCL2i therapies in sequential LOTs, regardless of which agent(s) was initiated first (“BTKi/BCL2i treatment” group) and (2) patients who completed treatment in the same two LOTs, but who did not receive BTKi and BCL2i therapies in both LOTs (“other” group). Other non-BTKi/BCL2i therapies received included bendamustine+rituximab, rituximab monotherapy, investigational regimens, chlorambucil+obinutuzumab, and other regimens. Patients were considered to have discontinued a given LOT if the patient had a documented end date for the LOT for any reason, including treatment completion as indicated or premature discontinuation for any reason (i.e., toxicity, progression, etc.). Patients were ineligible if they had a documented diagnosis of a concurrent primary malignancy or histologic transformation at the time of CLL/SLL diagnosis or a history of other primary malignancies, excluding benign skin cancers, within 3 years prior to CLL/SLL diagnosis. The index date for the study was the initiation of the second LOT in the sequence. The observation period was defined as the duration of time from index date to the date of patient death or last visit date (if date of death was not available). Time to next treatment (TTNT) and rw progression-free survival (rwPFS) were evaluated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Rw overall response rate (rwORR) was the proportion of patients who had a clinician-documented PR or CR as the best response to a LOT. Results: A total of 67 patients were identified to have been exposed to and discontinued a BTKi/BCL2i treatment sequence (1L→2L: N=21, 2L→3L: N=23, 3L+: N=23). The median age at diagnosis was 63 years (IQR: 55, 70), and patients were predominantly White (76%), male (67%), and treated in the community setting (81%). 67.2% of patients who completed two consecutive BTKi/BCL2i therapies were diagnosed in 2014 or earlier. Median follow up time from diagnosis was 112.6 months (IQR: 72.4, 149.4). Outcomes analysis was conducted for patients who received a BTKi/BCL2i treatment sequence in 1L→2L relative to patients in the other treatment group in the same LOTs. Patients in the BTKi/BCL2i treatment group in 1L→2L (N=21) had more favorable rwPFS (41.8 months, HR 0.46, 95% CI: 0.23-0.93) relative to patients in the other treatment group in 1L→2L (N=833, 23.4 months). Median TTNT and rwORR for patients in the BTKi/BCL2i treatment group were not reached (NR) and 81.0%, respectively. Patients in the other treatment group experienced median TTNT of 21.4 months and rwORR of 78.3%. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that patients treated with BTKi/BCL2i sequences in 1L and 2L may have experienced improved outcomes relative to patients who received other sequences in the same LOTs. While research is beginning to investigate characteristics and outcomes for patients who received these therapies consecutively (Lew et al., Blood Adv 2021), future research should further examine these outcomes in a larger patient population and in patients who have already discontinued and relapsed on both BTKis and BCL2is.
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Ouatiki, Saliha, und Mohamed Bouzefrane. „A lower bound on the global powerful alliance number in trees“. RAIRO - Operations Research 55, Nr. 2 (März 2021): 495–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/ro/2021028.
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For a graph G = (V, E), a set D ⊆ V is a dominating set if every vertex in V − D is either in D or has a neighbor in D. A dominating set D is a global offensive alliance (resp. a global defensive alliance) if for each vertex v in V − D (resp. v in D) at least half the vertices from the closed neighborhood of v are in D. A global powerful alliance is both global defensive and global offensive. The global powerful alliance number γpa(G) is the minimum cardinality of a global powerful alliance of G. We show that if T is a tree of order n with l leaves and s support vertices, then $ {\gamma }_{{pa}}(T)\enspace \ge \enspace \frac{3n-2l-s+2\enspace }{5}$ . Moreover, we provide a constructive characterization of all extremal trees attaining this bound.
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Yariv, Ehud, und Toby L. Kirk. „Longitudinal thermocapillary slip about a dilute periodic mattress of protruding bubbles“. IMA Journal of Applied Mathematics 86, Nr. 3 (22.04.2021): 490–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/imamat/hxab004.
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Abstract A common realization of superhydrophobic surfaces comprises of a periodic array of cylindrical bubbles which are trapped in a periodically grooved solid substrate. We consider the thermocapillary animation of liquid motion by a macroscopic temperature gradient which is longitudinally applied over such a bubble mattress. Assuming a linear variation of the interfacial tension with the temperature, at slope $\sigma _T$, we seek the effective velocity slip attained by the liquid at large distances away from the mattress. We focus upon the dilute limit, where the groove width $2c$ is small compared with the array period $2l$. The requisite velocity slip in the applied-gradient direction, determined by a local analysis about a single bubble, is provided by the approximation $$\begin{align*}& \pi \frac{G\sigma_T c^2}{\mu l} I(\alpha), \end{align*}$$wherein $G$ is the applied-gradient magnitude, $\mu $ is the liquid viscosity and $I(\alpha )$, a non-monotonic function of the protrusion angle $\alpha $, is provided by the quadrature, $$\begin{align*}& I(\alpha) = \frac{2}{\sin\alpha} \int_0^\infty\frac{\sinh s\alpha}{ \cosh s(\pi-\alpha) \sinh s \pi} \, \textrm{d} s. \end{align*}$$
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Bekaii-Saab, Tanios S., Mark Yarchoan, Muneeb Ahmed, David Michael Cohan und Wen Wee Ma. „An open-label, multicenter study investigating RP3 oncolytic immunotherapy in combination with first- or second-line systemic atezolizumab and bevacizumab therapy in patients with locally advanced unresectable or metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma.“ Journal of Clinical Oncology 41, Nr. 16_suppl (01.06.2023): TPS4178. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2023.41.16_suppl.tps4178.
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TPS4178 Background: Despite advances in treatment for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), long-term survival rates remain poor. The combination of bevacizumab (Bev) and atezolizumab (Atezo) is the preferred frontline therapy for advanced HCC, but a minority of patients (pts) respond, and secondary resistance usually occurs within months. HCC has an immune-suppressed tumor microenvironment, mediated by activated immune checkpoint signaling and angiogenesis pathways, which may contribute to therapeutic resistance. RP3 is a genetically modified herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) that expresses the fusogenic gibbon ape leukemia virus glycoprotein with the R sequence deleted (GALV-GP-R–), an anti–CTLA-4 antibody-like molecule, CD40 ligand, and 4-1BB ligand. The direct oncolytic effect coupled with immune stimulation by RP3 in the tumor microenvironment is intended to provide systemic antitumor activity and enhance therapeutic response to anti–PD-1/PD-L1 agents, such as Atezo. Preclinical data have demonstrated improved distribution of oncolytic HSV within tumors in combination with Bev, supporting the clinical combination of RP3 with Bev. This study will evaluate the safety and efficacy of RP3 combined with Atezo and Bev as first- (1L) and second-line (2L) systemic therapies for unresectable and advanced HCC. Methods: The 1L and 2L cohorts will each enroll up to 30 pts. Pts in the 1L cohort may not have received prior systemic treatment; pts in the 2L cohort must have progressed on or following one prior line of systemic therapy, which must have included a PD-1/PD-L1−directed agent. Key inclusion criteria include advanced, unresectable HCC with ≥1 measurable tumor of ≥1 cm in longest diameter, Child-Pugh Class A, and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0−1. Key exclusion criteria include untreated esophageal and/or gastric varices with bleeding or at high risk for bleeding and macroscopic invasion of tumor into any major blood vessel(s) and/or main bile ducts. Pts with a history of medically refractory hepatic encephalopathy and/or hepato-renal syndrome are also excluded. Pts in the 1L cohort will receive 1200 mg Atezo and 15 mg/kg Bev every 3 weeks (Q3W) together with RP3 intratumorally Q3W for a total of up to 8 doses. Pts in the 2L cohort will receive RP3 every 2 weeks for 4 doses with Bev Q3W starting on cycle (C) 1 day (D) 1, then RP3 and Bev Q3W for up to 4 more doses with Atezo Q3W being added on C4D1. The primary endpoint is overall response rate (ORR) by Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) v1.1. Secondary endpoints are safety, ORR using HCC modified RECIST, duration of response, complete response rate, and progression-free survival. Clinical trial information: NCT05733598 .
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Kim, Kevin, Anwaar Saeed, Davendra Sohal, Julien Edeline, Jeong Heo, Aditya Bhansali, Shaheen Kumar und Guy Ungerechts. „An open-label, multicenter study investigating RP3 oncolytic immunotherapy in combination with first- or second-line systemic atezolizumab plus bevacizumab in patients with locally advanced unresectable or metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma.“ Journal of Clinical Oncology 42, Nr. 3_suppl (20.01.2024): TPS576. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2024.42.3_suppl.tps576.
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TPS576 Background: Despite advances in treatment for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), long-term survival rates remain poor. The combination of atezolizumab (Atezo) plus bevacizumab (Bev) is approved frontline therapy for advanced HCC, but a minority of patients (pts) respond and secondary resistance usually occurs within months. HCC has an immune-suppressed tumor microenvironment (TME), mediated by activated immune checkpoint signaling and angiogenesis pathways, which may contribute to therapeutic resistance. RP3 is a genetically modified herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) that expresses the fusogenic gibbon ape leukemia virus glycoprotein with the R sequence deleted (GALV-GP-R–), an anti–CTLA-4 antibody-like molecule, CD40 ligand, and 4-1BB ligand. The direct oncolytic effect coupled with immune stimulation by RP3 in the TME is intended to provide systemic antitumor activity and synergize with anti–PD-1/PD-L1 agents, such as Atezo. Preclinical data have demonstrated improved distribution of oncolytic HSV within tumors in combination with Bev, supporting the clinical combination of RP3 with Bev. This study will evaluate the safety and efficacy of RP3 combined with Atezo plus Bev as first- (1L) and second-line (2L) systemic therapies for unresectable and advanced HCC (NCT05733598). Methods: The 1L and 2L cohorts will each enroll up to 30 pts. Pts in the 1L cohort may not have received prior systemic treatment; pts in the 2L cohort must have progressed on or following 1 prior line of systemic therapy, which must have included a PD-1/PD-L1–directed agent. Key inclusion criteria include advanced unresectable HCC with ≥1 measurable tumor of ≥1 cm in longest diameter, Child-Pugh class A, and an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0 to 1. Key exclusion criteria include untreated esophageal and/or gastric varices with bleeding or at high risk for bleeding and macroscopic invasion of the tumor into any major blood vessel(s) and/or main bile ducts. Pts with a history of medically refractory hepatic encephalopathy and/or hepato-renal syndrome are also excluded. Pts in the 1L cohort will receive Atezo 1200 mg and Bev 15 mg/kg every 3 weeks (Q3W) together with RP3 intratumorally Q3W for a total of up to 8 doses. Pts in the 2L cohort will receive RP3 every 2 weeks for 4 doses with Bev Q3W starting on cycle (C)1 day (D)1, then RP3 and Bev Q3W for up to 4 more doses with Atezo Q3W being added on C4D1. The primary endpoint is the overall response rate (ORR) by Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) version 1.1. Secondary endpoints are safety, ORR using HCC modified RECIST, duration of response, complete response rate, and progression-free survival. Clinical trial information: NCT05733598 .
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Kaminski, Pierre-Alexandre. „L’alphabet génétique élargi“. médecine/sciences 38, Nr. 4 (April 2022): 374–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/medsci/2022041.
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Les génomes de bactériophages constituent la source la plus riche de nucléobases modifiées de toutes les formes de vie. Parmi celles-ci, la 2,6-diaminopurine (ou 2-aminoadénine), qui s’apparie avec la thymine en formant trois liaisons hydrogène, viole l’appariement des bases de Watson et Crick. La 2-aminoadénine, initialement trouvée dans le cyanophage S-2L, a également été détectée dans des bactériophages infectant des bactéries Gram-négatives et Gram-positives. La voie de biosynthèse de l’ADN contenant de la 2-aminoadénine ainsi que le mécanisme d’exclusion de l’adénine sont maintenant élucidés. Cet exemple de déviation naturelle d’un nucléotide de l’ADN ne représente qu’une des possibilités explorées par la nature et apporte une preuve de concept pour la biologie de synthèse d’acides nucléiques non canoniques.
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Prins, L. „An elite runner with cerebral palsy: cost of running determines athletic performance“. South African Journal of Sports Medicine 28, Nr. 1 (04.11.2016): 27–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2078-516x/2016/v28i1a1415.
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Background: Running performance is widely understood interms of the Joyner model (VO2max, %VO2max at ventilatorythreshold (VT), running economy (often measured as cost ofrunning (CR) as VO2 in ml.kg‑1.km‑1).Objective: To test the Joyner model by evaluating a runner inwhom one element of the Joyner model is systematically abnormal.Methods: The case of a two-time Paralympian with cerebral palsy(CP), 2nd place in the Sydney 2000 Paralympic 1500 m (T37) isreported. Incremental and steady state treadmill runs as well assimulated competitions were completed. Incremental and steadystate (50% PPO) cycling with two legs (2L), the non-affected leg(NL), and the affected leg (AL) were also completed.Results: His silver medal (2000 Sydney OG) performance for1500 m was 269 s (4:29) (77.2% of velocity in contemporary ablebodiedworld record (WR). At the time of study, his VO2maxwas 64.2 ml.min‑1.kg‑1. His cost of running (CR) (1% grade) washigher, at 257 vs 228, 211 and 188 ml.kg‑1.km‑1 (for ACSM norms,elite Europeans, elite East Africans). During cycling, his VO2maxwith 2L, NL and AL was 3.74, 3.78 and 3.71 l.min‑1, and his grossefficiency (GE) was 18.4, 12.2 and 9.3%, respectively.Conclusions: In a former elite runner with CP, there is littleevidence of a central oxygen transport limitation. The higherCR (plausibly reflected by the reduced GE of his AL) appears toaccount for much of the difference in performance compared toable-bodied runners. The results provide both insight into thephysiological limitations of runners with CP and support for theJoyner model of competitive running performance.Keywords: biomechanics, athletic training, exercise performance,exercise physiology
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Tsuchiya, Takayoshi, Toshio Fujisawa, Motohiko Kato, Masafumi Mizuide, Yuichi Torisu, Makoto Nishimura, Takashi Kurosawa et al. „A phase I/IIa trial of the RNA oligonucleotide STNM01 by EUS-FNI to investigate the safety and efficacy in patients with first-line refractory, unresectable pancreatic cancer.“ Journal of Clinical Oncology 39, Nr. 15_suppl (20.05.2021): 4120. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2021.39.15_suppl.4120.
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4120 Background: Carbohydrate sulfotransferase 15 (CHST15) is an enzyme that synthesizes heavily sulfated matrix glycosaminoglycan and shown to promote tumor invasion and correlate with poor prognosis in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). To explore the role of CHST15 blockage, we conducted a Phase I/IIa (P I/IIa) study to investigate the safety and efficacy of EUS guided locoregional injection of STNM01, a synthetic RNA oligonucleotide, in patients with unresectable PDAC, refractory to first-line chemotherapy. Methods: This was an open-label and dose-escalation study of STNM01 as second-line (2L) therapy in unresectable PDAC patients at 4 centers in Japan. One cycle consists of locoregional injection with STNM01 three times at 2 week-interval in 4 weeks (Days 0, 14 and 28 of dosing) in combination with systemic 2L chemotherapy. A 3+3 dose cohort escalation design initiated with 250 nM (n = 3) followed by 1,000 nM (n = 3), 2,500 nM (n = 3) and 10,000 nM (n = 4) was used for P I part. P IIa part (n = 9) was subsequently conducted with MTD or the highest dose level determined by P I. The primary outcome was incidence of DLT at the end of cycle 1. The secondary outcomes included overall survival (OS), local tumor response, histology and safety. This study was registered with jRCT (jRCT2031190055). Results: A total of 22 patients across 4 doses were enrolled in the study of which 21 were evaluable as per protocol population. All patients received S-1 as a systemic 2L chemotherapy and total 3 cycles were repeated at maximum. The most common AEs were abdominal pain and pyrexia. There were 9 grade 3 AEs. No drug-related SAE as well as DLT was observed. Since MTD was not reached in P I, P IIa was conducted with the highest dose, 10,000 nM. The 6-month survival rate in the entire population (n = 21) and in the highest dose population (n = 12; 3 for P I and 9 for P IIa) was 66.7 and 83.3%, respectively. In histological analyses, the % positive area of CHST15 tended to show dose-dependent suppression at the end of cycle 1, especially with 70.0% reduction from baseline in the highest dose population. Increased tumoral infiltrations of CD3+, CD8+ and CD20+ cells were observed during study period in the highest dose population. Local tumor response for the entire population showed 14 patients (66.7%) with stable disease. Notably, one patient showed complete disappearance on the CT image of both primary and metastatic tumors in the regional lymph node. Conclusions: Repeated locoregional injection of STNM01 is safe and well tolerated in patients with unresectable PDAC as combined 2L therapy. The 6-month survival rate of 10,000 nM of STNM01 was 83.3%, which is remarkable compared with previously reported data. Unexpected mode of action for tumoral lymphocyte infiltration also suggests the promising potential of locoregional injection of STNM01 as a new therapeutic option for PDAC. Clinical trial information: jRCT2031190055.
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Zhou, Yan, Xuexia Xu, Yifeng Wei, Yu Cheng, Yu Guo, Ivan Khudyakov, Fuli Liu et al. „A widespread pathway for substitution of adenine by diaminopurine in phage genomes“. Science 372, Nr. 6541 (29.04.2021): 512–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.abe4882.
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DNA modifications vary in form and function but generally do not alter Watson-Crick base pairing. Diaminopurine (Z) is an exception because it completely replaces adenine and forms three hydrogen bonds with thymine in cyanophage S-2L genomic DNA. However, the biosynthesis, prevalence, and importance of Z genomes remain unexplored. Here, we report a multienzyme system that supports Z-genome synthesis. We identified dozens of globally widespread phages harboring such enzymes, and we further verified the Z genome in one of these phages, Acinetobacter phage SH-Ab 15497, by using liquid chromatography with ultraviolet and mass spectrometry. The Z genome endows phages with evolutionary advantages for evading the attack of host restriction enzymes, and the characterization of its biosynthetic pathway enables dZ-DNA production on a large scale for a diverse range of applications.
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SAWAMURA, KYOICHI, und MASA-TOSHI YAMAMOTO. „The minimal interspecific introgression resulting in male sterility in Drosophila“. Genetical Research 84, Nr. 2 (Oktober 2004): 81–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016672304007001.
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Introgression of Drosophila simulans genes into the Drosophila melanogaster genome provides an ideal system for analysing genetic incompatibility between species. Females and males homozygous for the introgression Int(2L)S (cytologically, 30F3-31C5 to 36A2-7) are sterile. Genetic dissection of the proximal part of the introgression (34D1-3 to 36A2-7) has indicated that introgressions of 0·7–1·6 Mb size result in male sterility when homozygous. In the present analysis we examine the distal part of the introgression (30F3-31C to 34D1-3) and reveal that introgressions with similar DNA content (1·8–2·1 Mb) result in male sterility. Compared with introgressions between the more closely related species Drosophila mauritiana and D. simulans, the minimal introgression resulting in male sterility is smaller by several-fold.
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Carcione, José M., und Davide Gei. „Gas-hydrate concentration estimated from P- and S-wave velocities at the Mallik 2L-38 research well, Mackenzie Delta, Canada“. Journal of Applied Geophysics 56, Nr. 1 (Mai 2004): 73–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jappgeo.2004.04.001.
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Gamelas, Carla A., Nuno A. G. Bandeira, Cláudia C. L. Pereira, Maria José Calhorda, Eberhardt Herdtweck, Miguel Machuqueiro, Carlos C. Romão und Luís F. Veiros. „Indenyl ring slippage in crown thioether complexes [IndMo(CO)2L]+ and C–S activation of trithiacyclononane: Experimental and theoretical studies“. Dalton Transactions 40, Nr. 40 (2011): 10513. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c1dt10607d.
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Muljani, Srie, Ketut Sumada und Caecilia Pujiastuti. „Solar Evaporation System Using Spray Pipe Method“. MATEC Web of Conferences 372 (2022): 09003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202237209003.
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Evaporation of water using a spray pipe is required to expand the contact between hot air and water surface so that the rate of evaporation of water becomes faster. Salt production in the case of solar evaporation may take weeks to obtain salt. This study aims to observe the correlation of flow rate and evaporation time on salinity by considering several potential factors. The experiment was carried out in two stages, the first stage on a small scale where spray evaporation was carried out in an evaporation pond with an area of 1x2 m2, seawater rate 0.8 – 2.0 L/min, seawater volume 100 L. The second stage of spray evaporation is carried out on an evaporation pond of 3x15 m, a flow rate of 0.3-0.6 L/s, and a seawater volume of 220 L. Observation of the evaporation time for 30 h at an evaporation rate of 0.6 L/s obtained a salinity of 22.6 Be while at a rate of 2L/min it could reach a degree of salinity 23.8Be within 90 h.
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Shrivastava, Keshav N. „Electron Spin in Quantum Hall Effect in AlxGa1-xas: D. C. Tsui's Data“. Applied Mechanics and Materials 110-116 (Oktober 2011): 3097–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.110-116.3097.
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The Hall resistivity in the layers of AlxGa1-xAs/Al0.32Ga0.68As is found to show plateaus at certain fractions which depend on the effective charge. The Hall resistivity formula ρxy=h/e2has been modified to ρxy=h/[(1/2) ge2] so that the effective charge of the electron becomes, e*=(1/2) ge. The plateaus occur at the effective charge determined by g = (2j+1)/(2l+1). Some of the plateaus are explained to arise from the g values while some others require the use of Landau levels. The flux quantization is modified to include the effect of spin. When the samples are doped with aluminium, the clusters of Al atoms occur in the GaAs resulting into electron clusters in which the spin is NS with S=1/2 and N=101. The electron clusters form a temperature dependent plateau in the Hall resistivity.
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Maireche, Abdelmadjid. „A Novel Exactly Theoretical Solvable of Bound States of the Dirac-Kratzer-Fues Problem with Spin and Pseudo-Spin Symmetry“. International Frontier Science Letters 10 (Dezember 2016): 8–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ifsl.10.8.
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New exact bound state solutions of the deformed radial upper and lower components of Dirac equation and corresponding Hermitian anisotropic Hamiltonian operator are studied for the modified Kratzer-Fues potential (m.k.f.) potential by using Bopp’s shift method instead to solving deformed Dirac equation with star product. The corrections of energy eigenvalues are obtained by applying standard perturbation theory for interactions in one-electron atoms. Moreover, the obtained corrections of energies are depended on two infinitesimal parameters (θ,χ), which induced by position-position noncommutativity, in addition to the discreet nonrelativistic atomic quantum numbers: (j=l±1/1,s=±1/2,landm) and we have also shown that, the usual relativistic states in ordinary three dimensional spaces are canceled and has been replaced by new degenerated 2(2l+1) sub-states in the extended quantum symmetries (NC: 3D-RS).
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Guseinov, I. I. „Quantum Self-Frictional Relativistic Nucleoseed Spinor-Type Tensor Field Theory of Nature“. Advances in High Energy Physics 2017 (2017): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/6049079.
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For study of quantum self-frictional (SF) relativistic nucleoseed spinor-type tensor (NSST) field theory of nature (SF-NSST atomic-molecular-nuclear and cosmic-universe systems) we use the complete orthogonal basis sets of22s+1-component column-matrices type SFΨnljmjδ⁎s-relativistic NSST orbitals (Ψδ⁎s-RNSSTO) and SFXnljmjs-relativistic Slater NSST orbitals (Xs-RSNSSTO) through theψnlmlδ⁎-nonrelativistic scalar orbitals (ψδ⁎-NSO) andχnlml-nonrelativistic Slater type orbitals (χ-NSTO), respectively. Hereδ⁎=pl⁎orδ⁎=α⁎andpl⁎=2l+2-α⁎, α⁎are the integer(α⁎=α, -∞<α≤2) or noninteger(α⁎≠α, -∞<α⁎<3) SF quantum numbers, wheres=0,1/2,1,3/2,2,…. We notice that the nonrelativisticψδ⁎-NSO andχ-NSTO orbitals themselves are obtained from the relativisticΨδ⁎s-RNSSTO andXs-RSNSSTO functions fors=0, respectively. The column-matrices-type SFY1jmjls-RNSST harmonics (Y1ls-RNSSTH) andY2jmjls-modified NSSTH (Y2ls-MNSSTH) functions for arbitrary spinsintroduced by the author in the previous papers are also used. The one- and two-center one-range addition theorems forψδ⁎-NSO and nonintegern χ-NSTO orbitals are presented. The quantum SF relativistic nonperturbative theory forVnljmjδ⁎-RNSST potentials (Vδ⁎-RNSSTP) and their derivatives is also suggested. To study the transportations of mass and momentum in nature the quantum SF relativistic NSST gravitational photon (gph) withs=1is introduced.
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Campbell, Michel J. M., Elizabeth Morrison, Vernon Rogers, Paul K. Baker, David C. Povey und Gallienus W. Smith. „The synthesis and X-ray crystal structure of the monodentate (S) thiosemicarbazide and thiosemicarbazone complexes [Fe(CO)2L(η5-C5H5)][PF6]“. Polyhedron 8, Nr. 19 (Januar 1989): 2371–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0277-5387(00)80299-5.
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Vorličková, Michaela, I. Ya Khudyakov, Ivana Hejtmánková und Jaroslav Kypr. „Circular Dichroism Studies of Salt- and Alcohol- Induced Conformational Changes in Cyanophage S-2L DNA Which Contains Amino2Adenine Instead of Adenine“. Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics 9, Nr. 1 (August 1991): 81–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07391102.1991.10507894.
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Rahman, Maksudur, und Sarabon Tahura. „Ruptured Middle Lobe: A Rare Presentation of Lung Abscess in Children“. SAR Journal of Medical Case Reports 3, Nr. 3 (12.07.2022): 21–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.36346/sarjmcr.2022.v03i03.001.
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A 10-month-old male infant was admitted with the complaints of fever & cough for 22 days, respiratory distress for 3 days. He was dyspneic, tachypneic (RR-65/min) with SpO2- 95% with oxygen 2L/min by face mask, HR- 10/min with right sided restricted chest movement and diminished breath sound. Initially he was diagnosed as right sided pneumothorax. Chest x-ray was suggestive of congenital lobar emphysema / pneumothorax with pneumonia (Rt). CT of chest revealed emphysematous changes with multiloculated area in right hemithorax with dense opacited base of lung. Per operative finding showed pleural thickening and lacerated middle lobe of right lung due to abscess. And finally infant was diagnosed as ruptured lung abscess of middle lobe with thickened pleura and empyema thoracic. The patient was managed with lobectomy of middle lobe, inj. linezolid after getting C/S which changed to oral form and recovered.
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Maireche, Abdelmadjid. „A New Nonrelativistic Investigation for the Lowest Excitations States of Interactions in One-Electron Atoms, Muonic, Hadronic and Rydberg Atoms with Modified Inverse Power Potential“. International Frontier Science Letters 9 (August 2016): 33–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ifsl.9.33.
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A new theoretical analytical investigation for the exact solvability of non-relativistic quantum spectrum systems at low energy for modified inverse power potential (m.i.p.) is discussed by means Boopp’s shift method instead to solving deformed Schrödinger equation with star product, in the framework of both noncommutativite two dimensional real space and phase (NC: 2D-RSP), the exact corrections for lowest excitations are found straightforwardly for interactions in one-electron atoms, muonic, hadronic and Rydberg atoms by means of the standard perturbation theory. Furthermore, the obtained corrections of energies are depended on the four infinitesimals parameters (θ,χ) and (θ,σ), which are induced by position-position and momentum-momentum noncommutativity, in addition to the discreet atomic quantum numbers (j=l±1/1,s=±1/2 andm) and we have also shown that, the old states are canceled and has been replaced by new degenerated 4(2l+1) sub-states.
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Aljazzaf, Badriyah, Sassia Regeai, Sana Elghmasi, Nadia Alghazir, Amal Balgasim, Ismail M. Hdud Ismail, Areej A. Eskandrani et al. „Evaluation of Antidiabetic Effect of Combined Leaf and Seed Extracts of Moringa oleifera (Moringaceae) on Alloxan-Induced Diabetes in Mice: A Biochemical and Histological Study“. Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity 2023 (12.05.2023): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/9136217.
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Moringa oleifera (Moringaceae) is a medicinal plant rich in biologically active compounds. The aim of the present study was to screen M. oleifera methanolic leaf (L) extract, seed (S) extract, and a combined leaf/seed extract (2L : 1S ratio) for antidiabetic and antioxidant activities in mice following administration at a dose level of 500 mg/kg of body weight/day. Diabetes was induced by alloxan administration. Mice were treated with the extracts for 1 and 3 months and compared with the appropriate control. At the end of the study period, the mice were euthanized and pancreas, liver, kidney, and blood samples were collected for the analysis of biochemical parameters and histopathology. The oral administration of the combined L/S extract significantly reduced fasting blood glucose to normal levels compared with L or S extracts individually; moreover, a significant decrease in cholesterol, triglycerides, creatinine, liver enzymes, and oxidant markers was observed, with a concomitant increase in antioxidant biomarkers. Thus, the combined extract has stronger antihyperlipidemic and antioxidant properties than the individual extracts. The histopathological results also support the biochemical parameters, showing recovery of the pancreas, liver, and kidney tissue. The effects of the combined L/S extracts persisted throughout the study period tested. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to report on the antidiabetic, antioxidant, and antihyperlipidemic effects of a combined L/S extract of M. oleifera in an alloxan-induced diabetic model in mice. Our results suggest the potential for developing a natural potent antidiabetic drug from M. oleifera; however, clinical studies are required.