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Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Rural settlement geography“
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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Rural settlement geography"
1
Zhang, Yiyi, Yangbing Li, Guangjie Luo, et al. "Analysis of the Land Use Dynamics of Different Rural Settlement Types in the Karst Trough Valleys of Southwest China." Land 11, no. 9 (2022): 1572. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land11091572.
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Rural settlements are the basic spatial units of rural geography research, and it is essential to explore the dynamic changes in land use on a rural settlement scale to promote the development of the rural revitalization strategy. The study took different rural settlement types in karst trough valleys as examples and applied geographic information mapping trajectory models, buffer zone spatial analysis, the nearest neighbor index, and other research methods. We explored the land use dynamic change in the buffer zone of different settlement types in the karst trough valley from 1964 to 2021 in the long time series and micro-spatial dimensions. We analyzed the homogeneity, variability, and coupling characteristics of land use evolution in typical settlements. The results indicate the following: (1) From 1964 to 2021, the karst trough valley settlements as a whole showed an aggregation state, and the settlements could be classified into four categories: expanding settlements (ES), atrophic settlements (AS), balancing rural settlements (BS), and decreasing settlements (DS) according to the settlement life cycle theory and settlement development index measurement. (2) Different expansion and shrinkage of land use buffer changes exist for different settlement types. The closer the ES is to the location of the settlement center, the richer the land use type; the further the AS from the settlement center, the richer the land use type; the BS is not affected by the distance; and the DS settlement shows dynamic changes. (3) Land use dynamic change in settlements is driven by multiple integrated factors, and there is variability in the driving factors of different settlement types. (4) In this paper, through a case study, we propose the research idea that land use change (LUCC) reflects land use transformation (LUT) in different rural settlement types from a settlement-scale perspective, and land use transformation further causes the development of rural settlement transformation (RUT). Our study revealed the LUCC—LUT—RUT interaction feedback mechanism of karst trough valley settlements in Southwest China. This study aims to enrich the theoretical research framework of rural transformation at the settlement scale, on the one hand, and to provide case studies for developing countries with karstic mountain valley landscapes, such as China, on the other.
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Lawless, R. I. "Population Geography and Settlement Studies." Libyan Studies 20 (January 1989): 251–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263718900006750.
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Oil wealth has transformed Libya, a desertic and sparsely populated country, bringing dramatic demographic changes (Zoghlami 1979). El Mehdawi and Clarke (1982) and Lawless and Kezeiri (1983) describe and analyse the growing polarisation of the population in the north-west and north-east coastal regions which contain the two largest cities, Tripoli and Benghazi. They show that in recent years spatial duality has been sharply intensified by strong rural to urban migration and also by an increase in interregional migration. The concentration of new development programmes in certain urban centres has been the main cause of the development differential among the regions. As a result the regions which include the most important urban centres have become the most prosperous and the others have become less developed or even depressed. This has been the main cause of the rapid increase in both rural to urban migration and interregional migration. The inhabitants of the less developed regions have continued to move in increasing numbers to those which are more developed. The large majority of migrants who moved from these less developed regions are represented by rural people who have changed their place of residence and their occupation. They have left their work in the rural sector to seek employment in the industrial and service sector. As a result agricultural production has declined. The agrarian sector now employs less than a quarter of the Libyan workforce and the percentage of nomads and semi-nomads has declined to under 10% of the population. Albergani and Vignet-Zunz (1982) have shown that colonial invasion and occupation followed by the Second World War threatened the Bedouin of the Jebel Akhdar with extinction, not through sedentarisation but through the mass migration of a devastated rural population. The advent of oil and the high salary levels available in urban centres further encouraged this tendency. Gannous (1979) studied the movement of Bedouin from rural areas to the town of Al Abiyar and the erosion of Bedouin culture by urban values.
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Antonov, E. V., and S. G. Safronov. "Genetic Types of Kamchatka Rural Settlements." Izvestiya Rossiiskoi Akademii Nauk Seriya Geograficheskaya 87, no. 8 (2023): 1275–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s2587556623080034.
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The process and the results of Russian colonization traditionally attract the attention of specialists in various scientific fields. The development of the settlement system is both an important part and an indicator of this process. Based on data from various static and literary sources, genetic types of Kamchatka rural settlements. Although most of the more than 320 rural settlements in Kamchatka currently no longer have a population, their composition and geography are of interest for analyzing the logic of development and prospects for further settlement pattern transformation. In recent decades, it has been largely associated with the adaptation of the initial functions of rural settlements to modern conditions. During the Soviet period, the most important from the point of view of settlement development, there were multidirectional processes in Kamchatka: extensive quantitative growth associated with the development of local fish resources and agricultural areas has been replaced by several stages of “optimization” of the settlement network. Compared with other regions of Asian Russia, settlements associated with mining development were relatively poorly represented here. In the northern part of the region, after the elimination of most seasonally inhabited settlements of indigenous residents, a rare and not very stable network of stationary settlements was formed. All these processes have led to the formation of a fairly wide set of genetic types of rural settlements on the peninsula for territories with focal settlement pattern—from commercial and forestry to agricultural, related to agricultural development, and suburban. The further evolution of the region’s rural settlement pattern will depend on the preservation of viable elements of the original functions of settlements, the preservation of the social core of residents, and the maintenance of the housing stock and infrastructure created at previous stages.
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Vaishar, Antonín, and Jana Zapletalová. "To the Correct Application of Statistical Delimitation of Towns in Geography." Geografie 94, no. 2 (1989): 103–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.37040/geografie1989094020103.
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The paper deals with the problems of the delimitation of the town and the country. It responds to a new distribution of rural und urban communities on the basis of an administrative approach. It stresses the fact that the geographical research of the settlement structure must start from the objectively existing settlement system units - "settlements", and not from "communities" - administratively subjected delimited units.
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Chen, Sen, Muhammad Sajid Mehmood, Shuchen Liu, and Yimin Gao. "Spatial Pattern and Influencing Factors of Rural Settlements in Qinba Mountains, Shaanxi Province, China." Sustainability 14, no. 16 (2022): 10095. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su141610095.
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Spatial patterns and the influencing determinants of rural settlements are the most important indicators for understanding the constituent structure of rural regional systems. However, there is little knowledge addressing the characteristics from the settlement perspective by realizing the spatial reconstruction and sustainable development of rural settlements. Therefore, in this study, we analyzed the geographical, size, and morphological properties of rural settlement patterns in the Qinba Mountains in southern Shaanxi Province, China, using rural settlement and remote sensing data through spatial measurement index, gradient transects, demographic-economic index, and geodetector analysis. The results show the following: (1) Overall, rural settlements have spatial characteristics of “high-density multi-core clusters (0.8–1.6/km2) and low-density broadly scattered (<0.08/km2)”. There is a significant positive correlation between the scale of rural settlement density and the characteristics of high-value agglomeration. (2) The spatial disparities of morphological traits of settlement shapes are significant. Furthermore, 1840 NP/piece of plain basin landform types provide high-value areas for each settlement feature value, and locations with moderate slopes are best for settlement dispersal. Moreover, rivers, roads, and distance from township centers are all examples of beneficial directivity. There is consistency between the spatial differentiation of rural settlement areas per capita and the distribution of settlement scale. Conversely, the settlement density is inconsistent with the agricultural production value density’s spatial distribution features. (3) The impact of geographical factors on the diversification of settlement characteristics has significant spatial differences. Moreover, natural ecological characteristics such as elevation and landform and the distribution of cultivated land strongly influence the spatial pattern of the study region. Finally, the study findings can be beneficial for land and space planning and rural governments to develop sustainable rural settlements.
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Wójcik, Marcin. "Non-Agricultural Economic Functions of Rural Areas in the Łódzkie Voivodship (1999–2009)." Barometr Regionalny. Analizy i Prognozy 11, no. 2 (2013): 43–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.56583/br.1128.
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This article addresses the issue of functional development of rural areas in the Łódzkie Voivodship. Empirical research was preceded by a description of directions in the functional research of rural areas. There are two methods of functional research in geographical studies of rural areas. The first tradition has developed on the basis of settlement geography, while the second lies within the area of agricultural geography where the efforts were concentrated on identification of the functional structure of rural areas. Functional research operating within the concept of a rural area as a multifunctional space differs considerably from the concepts based on the theory of a settlement network or a system concept. In the concept of multifunctional areas, a function is a certain quality of this area, whereas in the theory of a settlement network a function is understood as an activity which describes the rank of a settlement and its relation to other settlements. The article attempts to identify functions of rural areas within the framework of a system concept. In settlement geography functional studies include primarily a description of the settlement structure by the means of depicting a place and explaining the meaning of certain elements within the whole (i.e., in the settlement system). In the research, functions of rural areas are identified within the scope of the functional whole, which in turn is a commune’s settlement network. Indirect methods of dividing the functions of this entity into those endogenous and those exogenous simultaneously describe their local (endogenous) and specialised (exogenous) meanings. The results of the research, and the conclusions drawn, prove that the methods of direct measurement of economic base complements, within the concept of multifunctional space, rural studies very well. The division of employment into exogenous and endogenous and identification of its areas of concentration provides a way to illustrate the rate of a commune's economic openness, and therefore, the connection with other settlement systems. Among the most important conclusions emerging from the results of the research the following should be noted. There is a systematic growth of the importance of non-agricultural functions in the rural areas of the Łódzkie Voivodship (1999–2009). The most important system-forming element among non-agricultural functions is manufacturing, trade and transportation. Non-agricultural functions are characterised by relatively high spatial concentration, especially in the Łódź Agglomeration and in the suburban zones of medium towns.
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Gribov, Nikolay N. "Rural District of Russian Federation Town of the Golden Horde Era (based on the materials of the archaeological sites of the district of Nizhny Novgorod)." Povolzhskaya Arkheologiya (The Volga River Region Archaeology) 2, no. 36 (2021): 164–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.24852/pa2021.2.36.164.177.
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The article deals with clarification of the characteristic features of the rural district of the Russian town of the Golden Horde era. The object of the study is rural settlements located near Nizhny Novgorod. The purpose of the work is to summarize the results of the study of the rural district of medieval Nizhny Novgorod, obtained over the past decades. Rural settlements are mapped, systematized by their location in the terrain, their classification by size is developed using the methods of economic geography, and the probable share of urban residents in the demographic potential of the region is estimated. The socio-economic interpretation of the settlements that form the basis of the settlement system is proposed. The historical interpretation of the form of the area and geography of the rural district of Nizhny Novgorod is given, and its division into two districts – central and peripheral is justified. The features of similarity and differences between rural districts of Russian cities and cities of the Golden Horde are determined.
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Heng, Jiayao, Hongwei Wang, Ying Fan, Zhengwei Wang, and Yibo Gao. "Simulation and Optimization of Urban–Rural Settlement Development from the Perspective of Production–Life–Ecology Space: A Case Study for Aksu City." Sustainability 13, no. 13 (2021): 7452. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13137452.
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To explore the future development state of urban and rural settlements, we combined random forest algorithm (RFA) and cellular automata (CA) to simulate high precision in urban and rural settlements in Aksu city. The settlement distribution was predicted for the next 10 years, and suggestions for urban and rural settlements were proposed based on a “production–life–ecology” space. The results show the following: Transportation factors and administrative location have an important influence on the development of settlements, and infrastructure has a greater impact on the development of settlements. The overall accuracy of the 2019 settlement distribution obtained through the RFA–CA model simulation is 93.8%, with a G-mean coefficient of 0.815. The simulation accuracy is better and more suitable for the simulation and prediction of settlement expansion than the logistic-CA model. The forecasted settlement expansion in 2029 for Aksu city is 58.36 km2 of settlement expansion compared to the 2019 settlement distribution, with an overall growth trend for sparse north-south and dense central areas. This study analyzed the causes of settlement expansion in 19 regions of Aksu city, explored the main function of “production–life–ecology” space in different areas, and proposed layout optimizations from the perspective of production, life, and ecology. The results of this study can provide a reference for the spatial planning and rural revitalization strategy of Aksu city.
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Dnistrianska, Iryna. "Scientific research of geography of Ukrainian rural settlements: the evolution of methodological approaches in context of actual challenges." Visnyk of the Lviv University. Series Geography 53 (December 18, 2019): 113–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vgg.2019.53.10662.
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In this article, the history of studying the geography of the Ukrainian rural settlements is reviewed. The stages of research in view the exploration level of the rural locality in human geography are highlighted within such time limits: XV – the first half XIX cent., the secondary half XIX – the beginning of XX cent., the beginning of XX – till 1991, from 1991. At each of the stages is characterized the main scientific paradigms and explorations which was dedicated to the subject of the rural settlements. Paradigms and methods of studying exactly rural settlements evolved and developed under the influence of historical conditions: from purposefully-descriptive, statistical-descriptive, sectoral-statistical, ethnographic, anthropogeographic, demogeographic to an integral socio-geographical. During the research, it was concluded that geographical exploring of the rural settlements actually was fragmentary until the XX century. Simultaneously, the scientific achievements of the previous periods laid down to definite some methodological basis and source base for further research in this area. Closer to the middle of the XX century, the biggest explorations of Ukrainian rural settlements were conducted by V. Kubiyovych. Later, for ideological reasons, the issue of rural settlement geography was not the focus of attention among Ukrainian geographers of that time until Ukraine gained independence. The topic of the research of the Ukrainian village in scientific circles has risen to a new level and it’s geography according to the scientific centres in Kyiv, Lviv, Odesa, Chernivtsi, Kharkiv and Ternopil since 1991. Modern crisis of the demographic, social, economic state of the rural areas causes the necessity of interdisciplinary further exploration of this problem. Despite the social development and nowadays challenges in this article the main tasks and directions for future research of Ukrainian village are highlighted. Key words: the history of Ukrainian geography, rural settlements, rural population, methodology of geographical research.
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Tan, Yuxiang, Mingshun Xiang, Haixia Lu, et al. "Spatial Difference Studies and Driving Force Analysis of Rural Settlements in the Northwest Sichuan Plateau." Sustainability 15, no. 9 (2023): 7074. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15097074.
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The scattered, isolated, and closed nature of rural settlements in northwest Sichuan is a constraint on the high-quality development of rural areas. Determining the spatial differences and driving forces of rural settlements in this area is the essential prerequisite for promoting rural revitalization. In this paper, the methods of the nearest neighbor index, the Voronoi diagram, and the Geodetector are used to analyze the spatial distribution characteristics of rural settlements and explore the driving factors of their spatial differences. The key findings are as follows. (1) The rural settlements exhibit the feature of “an extensive dispersion with localized concentrations”. The spatial distribution is in the shape of dots, strips, and branches along the river valley. (2) The number and land use scale of rural settlements decreases from east to west. The spatial differences in settlement morphology have a clear feature that the settlement morphology along the river and road is more complex, while the settlement morphology in the plateau area and the river valley is relatively regular. (3) Mountain disasters and arable land resources have the greatest impact on the spatial differences of the settlements. The location and form of the settlements are greatly affected by the altitude and accumulated temperature, and the settlement scale is significantly affected by the traffic conditions and the scenic spots. The mutually reinforcing role of the driving factors is remarkable, especially the reinforcing effects of the enhancement between the arable land resources and other factors. The research results provide data support for the reconstruction, improvement, and high-quality development of rural settlements in this region.
Dissertationen zum Thema "Rural settlement geography"
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Neave, Susan. "Rural settlement contraction in the East Riding of Yorkshire c.1660-1760 with particular reference to the Bainton Beacon division." Thesis, University of Hull, 1990. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:4575.
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Although evidence of settlement contraction in the form of earthworks and empty house sites is to be found throughout England, the timing and causes of village 'shrinkage' have received little attention from historians. This thesis examines the occurrence and causes of settlement contraction in an area of the East Riding of Yorkshire between the mid 17th century and mid 18th century. Nationally this was a period when general population stagnation coincided with marked urban expansion suggesting widespread rural depopulation. A comparison of the number of households or families in rural townships in the East Riding in the 1670s and 1740s confirms a substantial drop in the size of many settlements. Using detailed documentary material relating to individual townships the possible causes of settlement contraction are explored. Epidemic disease, the implementation of the 'settlement acts', agrarian reorganization, agricultural depression, and migration and urban growth all contributed to decline in village population, but this study concludes that the primary factor for determining the occurrence and extent of contraction was the nature of landownership in individual settlements. Two chapters are devoted to examining the physical impact which contraction had upon settlements showing that, whilst the 'shrunken' village was the most common outcome, desertion of villages between 1660 and 1760 also occurred. The study concludes by providing evidence for rural depopulation at this period elsewhere in England, and demonstrates that the experience of the East Riding was far from unusual.
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Kaffash, Mohammed Ashrafian. "The relationship between rural settlement pattern, water supply and land use in the Khorasan district of Iran between the mid 1960s and the mid 1970s." Thesis, Durham University, 1987. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/7079/.
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This thesis examines the relationship between settlement patterns, water supply and land use in the Khorasan Province of Iran. In particulars the work concentrates on the period between 1966 and 1976 as most of the original material has been derived from the censuses of those years and also from the associated village gazetteers. Considerable time has been expended translating the raw data into complex settlement maps and these form a key link throughout the text. The thesis begins by considering traditional settlement location theories and introduces some discussion as to their appropriateness far Iran. After some methodological considerations, the main body of the work begins in Chapter 3 with some discussion of the impact of physical factors on settlement location. This is followed by two key chapters which take the physical theme further with a detailed consideration of the relationship between settlement locations and the dynamics of water supply. Chapter 6 returns to the theme of settlement patterns with further consideration of spatial arrangement and settlement densities. The next three chapters examine the human aspects of settlement dynamics more fully with discussion of the impacts of land reform, agricultural land use and population trends respectively. The final chapter concludes the thesis and tries to reconsider the validity of some of the theoretical comments of Chapter 1.The general conclusion demonstrates that since the 1960s there has been a movement towards some degree of potential settlement order and a number of explanations for this are put forward.
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Castro, Eduardo. "O significado do trabalho na constituição da territorialidade dos assentados da Fazenda Ipanema, Iperó-SP." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8136/tde-06052008-114916/.
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O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar como se realizam os processos de espacialização e de territorialização das famílias assentadas na Fazenda Ipanema, localizada no município de Iperó-SP. Para alcançar tal objetivo, elegemos o trabalho como categoria central de nosso estudo. Trata-se de uma categoria fundamental na análise marxista e que está intimamente ligada com a vida, em sentido amplo, para as populações camponesas. A partir da descrição e análise das formas diversas de trabalho encontradas entre as famílias assentadas, realizadas seja no campo ou na cidade, avançamos no entendimento de como o espaço do lote e do assentamento é apropriado e construído pelos assentados, constituindo um território camponês em construção. A partir da luta pela terra e por manter-se nesta, trabalhando e vivendo com suas famílias, culminando no processo de territorialização, esse sujeito histórico, social e político se constitui como classe no contexto da formação social brasileira. Faz-se classe na medida em que se identifica com uma luta mais ampla, pela reforma agrária e por condições de vida e de trabalho dignas no meio rural. O caso estudado se insere no contexto da discussão sobre a reforma agrária e do papel do campesinato na sociedade moderna, bem como de sua luta pelo reconhecimento do Estado, via políticas públicas, da sua importância em nossa sociedade.<br>The purpose of the present study is to examine how to carry out the process of spatialization and territorialisation of families settled in the Ipanema Farm, located in the city of Iperó, in São Paulo State. In order to achieve its objective, we chose labor as central category of our study. It is fundamental in the Marxist analysis and it is closely linked with life, in the broad sense, for the peasant populations. From the description and analysis of various forms of labor found among the settled families, held either in the field or in the city, we go further in the comprehension of how the area of both the lot and the settlement are appropriate and built by the settlers, are a peasant territory under construction. From the struggle for land and for keeping on that, working and living with their families, culminating in the process of territorialisation, this historical, social and political subject constitutes himself as a class in the context of Brazilian social constitution. It is class in that it identifies with a broader struggle for the land reform and worthy conditions of life and work in rural areas. The case studied is linked to the discussion on land reform and the role of peasantry in modern society as well as its struggle for recognition by the State, through public policies, of its importance in our society.
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Mphaphuli, Shonisani Eunice. "'A search for educational relevance' : an investigation into the teaching of the rural settlement component of the secondary school syllabus with special reference to Venda." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003645.
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School geography has been identified as the one subject which has the most potential to develop pupils' ability to identify with their community and with their environment. Through the development of a sense of place pupils are encouraged to become effective perceivers, users, appreciators, evaluators and developers of their environment (Catling 1987. This approach to the teaching of geography implies that the content and the teaching strategies need to be perceived as relevant. Relevance in this study is taken to incorporate not only the needs of the pupils and the community but also of the subject. The location of this study in Venda, an area which is predominantly rural in nature sought to emphasise the important role which rural settlement geography can play in aiding the development of these pupils' sense of place and social identity. The research therefore concentrated on the approaches and teaching strategies used in the teaching of rural settlement in Venda secondary schools. This was achieved through a survey which involved geography teachers and pupils in the Thohoyandou inspection area. The place of rural settlement in the current geography curriculum was established through an analysis of the relevant syllabuses, textbooks and senior certificate examination papers. This analysis was primarily undertaken to illuminate the extent to which rural settlement geography in the South African curriculum complies with accepted criteria for relevance. The study revealed that the teaching of rural settlement in Venda is textbook-related and teacher- directed with no attempt to capitalise upon the pupils' experience of their rural environment. This was largely ascribed to the constraints of the syllabus and the demands of the examination system. When allied to the problems teachers have concerning syllabus development, the validity and relevance of this aspect of the syllabus is reduced. More importantly, because the local environment is not perceived as having value in the teaching of geography, the Venda pupils' perception of the value of their environment is diminished.
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Santos, Fábio Ferreira. "O fetiche da tecnologia no espaço agrário : o caso dos assentamentos rurais Jacaré Curituba e Edmilson Oliveira em Sergipe." Pós-Graduação em Geografia, 2013. https://ri.ufs.br/handle/riufs/5582.
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This study examines the use of technology in rural settlements Gator Curituba and Edmilson de Oliveira, located respectively in the cities of San Francisco and the Caninde Carira in the state of Sergipe and their repercussions on the production of space and the reproduction of peasant families. From a reasoned analysis of the contradictions of the process of production and reproduction of space by human actions arising from the inclusion of capital in the field through the introduction of technologies for public policies the state is present implementing policies for rural settlements, which reverberate territorial transformations in the region. It was observed that in the study area, contradictorily, peasant production units resist cultivating various products that meet the basic needs of food. In the study area, are produced various products for the National School Feeding Programme, National Programme of Use and biodiesel production, to processing industries and for family consumption. However, capital appropriates output for playback, as monopolizes the territory of rural settlements appropriating agricultural production units and redefining peasant from production, social relations of production. In turn, farmers are looking for ways of resistance and permanence in the field through diversification of production, planting crops such as vegetables , vegetables and fruits , friendly products market acceptance , which confirms the strength of these subjects in the creation and recreation of peasantry even being subordinated to capital.<br>Esse estudo analisa o uso da tecnologia nos assentamentos rurais Jacaré-Curituba e Edmilson de Oliveira, situados respectivamente nos municípios de Canindé do São Francisco e Carira, no estado de Sergipe e seus rebatimentos na produção do espaço e na reprodução das famílias camponesas. A partir de uma análise fundamentada nas contradições do processo de produção e reprodução do espaço pelas ações humanas oriundo da inserção do capital no campo via introdução de tecnologias por políticas públicas o Estado faz-se presente implementando políticas para os assentamentos rurais, as quais repercutem em transformações territoriais na região. Observou-se que na área de estudo, contraditoriamente, as unidades produtivas camponesas resistem cultivando diversos produtos que suprem as necessidades básicas de alimentação. Na área de estudo, são produzidos diversos produtos destinados ao Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar, Programa Nacional de Uso e produção do biodiesel, às indústrias de beneficiamento e para o consumo da família. Entretanto, o capital apropria-se da produção para sua reprodução, à medida que monopoliza o território dos assentamentos rurais se apropriando da produção agrícola das unidades camponesas e redefinindo desde a produção, às relações sociais de produção. Por sua vez, os camponeses procuram formas de resistência e permanência no campo através da diversificação da produção, plantando outras culturas, como hortaliças, verduras e frutas, produtos de fácil aceitação do mercado, o que confirma a força desses sujeitos na criação e recriação do campesinato mesmo sendo subordinado ao capital.
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Bloom, Matthew D. "Creating Connections: Economic Development, Land Use, and the System of Cities in Northwest Ohio During the Nineteenth Century." Bowling Green, Ohio : Bowling Green State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=bgsu1237566977.
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Zaher, Camila Al [UNESP]. "Alteração da fertilidade do solo como indicador do processo de antropização e presença de atividades não agrícolas no assentamento rural Horto Aimorés, municípios de Bauru e Pederneiras/SP =: Change of soil fertility as an indicator of the anthropization process and presence of non agricultural activities at the rural settlement Horto Aimorés, cities of Bauru and Pederneiras/ SP." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/127603.
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000843835.pdf: 11122014 bytes, checksum: bf20d83ef6546cde2aa0ee05665ed41d (MD5)<br>Sob o ponto de vista ecológico, a pedosfera desempenha funções essenciais à manutenção da vida, num sentido irrestrito da palavra. Inserido no contexto geográfico, é também no solo que o processo de produção do espaço se materializa, seja ele urbano ou rural. No meio rural, esse recurso vem sendo intensamente depauperado, via de regra, devido às práticas inadequadas de exploração agrícola, predominantemente pautada na lógica capitalista de produção, calcada no latifúndio, na monocultura e no agronegócio. Esse processo foi acelerado a partir da década 1960, com a chamada modernização da agricultura, que adotou novas técnicas de cultivo e manejo dos solos, como o uso de equipamentos pesados e insumos químicos: adubos e fertilizantes com o objetivo de aumentar a produtividade. No entanto, sem o planejamento adequado, essas práticas podem resultar na degradação química e física dos solos e, sobretudo, na fragmentação social e econômica da agricultura camponesa, tendo em vista o fato de que a dita modernização se mostrou absolutamente seletiva. Nesse contexto encontra-se o assentamento rural Horto Aimorés, localizado entre os municípios de Bauru e Pederneiras, centro-oeste do estado de São Paulo. O referido assentamento está dividido em duas Glebas, I e II. A Gleba I, analisada nesta pesquisa, possui 165 lotes distribuídos em 5.262 ha. No assentamento identificam-se quadros de degradação do solo manifestados na forma de compactação, erosão, perda da fertilidade, dentre outras, que comprometem a produção agrícola e consequentemente a manutenção das famílias assentadas, desse modo, constata-se a presença de atividades não agrícolas...<br>The pedosphere, from an ecological point of view, performs an essential function for the maintenance of life, if thinking in the unrestricted meaning of the word. In a geographic context, it is in the soil where the process of production of space materializes itself, whether it is urban or rural. In rural areas, the soil has been heavily degraded. The soil usually is degraded by inadequate practices of agricultural holdings. The pedosphere is predominantly based on the capitalist logic of the production, on the large estates, in monoculture and agribusiness. The soil degradation process was accelerated since 1960s with the modernization of agriculture that adopted new cultivate techniques and soil management, such as the use of heavy equipment and chemical inputs (fertilizers) in order to increase productivity. However, without proper planning, these practices may result in chemical soil degradation, physical soil degradation and mostly results in social and economic fragmentation of peasant agriculture. We need to considerate that the so-called modernization proved to be absolutely selective. In this context was formed the rural settlement Horto Aimorés. It is located on the center of São Paulo state between the cities of Bauru and Pederneiras. This settlement was divided in two areas named Gleba I and Gleba II. The Gleba I had 165 plots distributed over 5,262 ha. In this settlement some areas were identified with soil degradation such as compaction, erosion, loss of fertility, among others. These degradations impaired the agricultural production and consequently the maintenance of the settled families and in these situations are noted the presence of non-agricultural activities...
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Zaher, Camila Al. "Alteração da fertilidade do solo como indicador do processo de antropização e presença de atividades não agrícolas no assentamento rural Horto Aimorés, municípios de Bauru e Pederneiras/SP = Change of soil fertility as an indicator of the anthropization process and presence of non agricultural activities at the rural settlement Horto Aimorés, cities of Bauru and Pederneiras/ SP /." Presidente Prudente, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/127603.
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Orientador: Maria Cristina Perusi<br>Banca: João Osvaldo Rodrigues Nunes<br>Banca: Rodrigo José Pisani<br>Resumo: Sob o ponto de vista ecológico, a pedosfera desempenha funções essenciais à manutenção da vida, num sentido irrestrito da palavra. Inserido no contexto geográfico, é também no solo que o processo de produção do espaço se materializa, seja ele urbano ou rural. No meio rural, esse recurso vem sendo intensamente depauperado, via de regra, devido às práticas inadequadas de exploração agrícola, predominantemente pautada na lógica capitalista de produção, calcada no latifúndio, na monocultura e no agronegócio. Esse processo foi acelerado a partir da década 1960, com a chamada "modernização da agricultura", que adotou novas técnicas de cultivo e manejo dos solos, como o uso de equipamentos pesados e insumos químicos: adubos e fertilizantes com o objetivo de aumentar a produtividade. No entanto, sem o planejamento adequado, essas práticas podem resultar na degradação química e física dos solos e, sobretudo, na fragmentação social e econômica da agricultura camponesa, tendo em vista o fato de que a dita "modernização" se mostrou absolutamente seletiva. Nesse contexto encontra-se o assentamento rural Horto Aimorés, localizado entre os municípios de Bauru e Pederneiras, centro-oeste do estado de São Paulo. O referido assentamento está dividido em duas Glebas, I e II. A Gleba I, analisada nesta pesquisa, possui 165 lotes distribuídos em 5.262 ha. No assentamento identificam-se quadros de degradação do solo manifestados na forma de compactação, erosão, perda da fertilidade, dentre outras, que comprometem a produção agrícola e consequentemente a manutenção das famílias assentadas, desse modo, constata-se a presença de atividades não agrícolas...<br>Abstract: The pedosphere, from an ecological point of view, performs an essential function for the maintenance of life, if thinking in the unrestricted meaning of the word. In a geographic context, it is in the soil where the process of production of space materializes itself, whether it is urban or rural. In rural areas, the soil has been heavily degraded. The soil usually is degraded by inadequate practices of agricultural holdings. The pedosphere is predominantly based on the capitalist logic of the production, on the large estates, in monoculture and agribusiness. The soil degradation process was accelerated since 1960s with the modernization of agriculture that adopted new cultivate techniques and soil management, such as the use of heavy equipment and chemical inputs (fertilizers) in order to increase productivity. However, without proper planning, these practices may result in chemical soil degradation, physical soil degradation and mostly results in social and economic fragmentation of peasant agriculture. We need to considerate that the so-called "modernization" proved to be absolutely selective. In this context was formed the rural settlement "Horto Aimorés". It is located on the center of São Paulo state between the cities of Bauru and Pederneiras. This settlement was divided in two areas named "Gleba I" and "Gleba II". The Gleba I had 165 plots distributed over 5,262 ha. In this settlement some areas were identified with soil degradation such as compaction, erosion, loss of fertility, among others. These degradations impaired the agricultural production and consequently the maintenance of the settled families and in these situations are noted the presence of non-agricultural activities...<br>Mestre
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Tucker, Faith. "Young girls in the countryside : growing up in South Northamptonshire." Thesis, University of Northampton, 2002. http://nectar.northampton.ac.uk/2840/.
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Although there has been a surge of interest in a geographical approach to the study of children, there is a pro-urban bias in much childhood research. Childhood is seemingly assumed to be an entirely metropolitan experience; there is a paucity of research on rural childhoods. Few studies have investigated girls’ use of outdoor environments, particularly those beyond urban settings. The dominance of pro-urban and ‘malestream’ research tends to hide the experiences of girls living in rural areas. This thesis explores difference and diversity in the lifestyles of 10-15 year olds growing up in South Northamptonshire, employing a multi-stranded methodology including: a questionnaire survey of children; in-depth discussion work with girls centred on child-taken photographs and videos, and interviews with mothers. To try to get close to the lifeworlds of young people, wherever possible their voices are included in the text. The study area represents one type of rural experience - that of an affluent, commuter-dependent area. The theoretical constructs of liminality and habitus are used to help make sense of the use and social ownership of space. A series of factors is shown to interact in various ways to produce complex geographies. Contingency effects of gender, age and location create a multitude of rural lifestyles; there is no universal ‘country childhood’. Girls use and value recreational space in a myriad of ways. Young people often have to share their play spaces, and anxiety, tension and conflict between rival groups is commonplace. Girls and their mothers express concern about stranger-danger, gangs and traffic hazards, and this limits the spatial freedom of some girls. Mothers, deeming the private car the only safe form of transport, determine the spaces in which their daughters spend their leisure time. Rather than providing greater spatial freedom, the rural offers parents more control over their children’s use of public space
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Shimbo, Julia Zanin [UNESP]. "Zoneamento geoambiental como subsídio aos projetos de reforma agrária. Estudo de caso: assentamento rural Pirituba II (SP)." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/92782.
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shimbo_jz_me_rcla.pdf: 4938318 bytes, checksum: f2c471db5c5cb971b7e38bb653a40aba (MD5)<br>Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)<br>Os projetos de reforma agrária apresentam dificuldades de planejamento para uso e ocupação da terra. Esses problemas afetam a qualidade de vida das famílias, a produtividade e a sustentabilidade ambiental. Isso se deve à carência de estudos interdisciplinares detalhados de diagnósticos e zoneamentos ambientais para implantação, desenvolvimento e gestão desses assentamentos. Assim, o objetivo principal desse estudo é estabelecer o zoneamento geoambiental no assentamento rural Pirituba II (Itapeva/Itaberá/SP) e analisar o uso desse instrumento para melhorar os projetos de reforma agrária que visem a sustentabilidade socioambiental. Para isso, foram realizadas fotointerpretação de fotos aéreas (escala 1:25.000) e verificações em campo para detalhar as informações ambientais básicas de drenagem, geologia estrutural, de unidades fisiográficas, e pedológicas. Essas informações permitiram a compreensão da evolução e dinâmica da paisagem. A partir da caracterização das unidades fisiográficas colúvio-aluvionares da área foram estabelecidos os fatores e processos endógenos e exógenos que resultaram na formação das paisagens. Isto permitiu estabelecer as zonas geoambientais (unidades aloestratigráficas). Essas foram divididas em subzonas geoambientais pela análise estrutural e fisiográfica, para posteriormente determinar as potencialidades e limitações de tais unidades. Dessa forma, mapas temáticos foram elaborados quanto à: suscetibilidade à erosão, indicação de áreas para proteção ambiental e adequação a culturas anuais. A aplicação do zoneamento geoambiental no assentamento Pirituba II forneceu um estudo detalhado e integrado do meio físico para planejamento local visando a sustentabilidade socioambiental. Portanto, esse zoneamento pode ser uma ferramenta útil para a gestão territorial e melhoria dos projetos de reforma agrária.<br>The environmental diagnostic studies that aim planning for land reform settlements are few and still present some gaps. These affect the life quality of families, productivity and environmental sustentability. Geoenvironmental zoning is based on the integration of physical aspects, and for this reason it may contribute with information that will be used for the environmental analysis of these settlements. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the geoenvironmental zoning applied to the Pirituba II Settlement (Itapeva/Itaberá/SP) as a reliable tool and instrument for the definition of lines that can help in the sustainable implementation of land reform projects, as much by the social view as by the environmental focus. For this the drainage, structural geology, physiographic unities and pedological basic environmental information were detailed through field and laboratory works (aerial photointerpretation). This information have enabled better undestanding of the landscape dynamic and evolution. Physiographic characterization for colluvial and alluvial units of the studied area permitted to establish the factors and processes, both endogenetic and geomorphic, that resulted in the landscape formation. The geoenvironmental zoning was defined by this purpose, which generate subdividing operations into structural and physiographic analysis, for as much as the potentiality and limitation determination of them as entities. The following thematic maps were obtained, therefore: erosion vulnerability, environmental protection indication and agricultural annual rotation. The results of the geoenvironmental zoning work in the Pirituba II Settlement allowed the definition of environmental planning detailed strategies in agreement with sustainable reality.
Bücher zum Thema "Rural settlement geography"
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Roberts, Brian K. Rural settlement. Macmillan Education, 1987.
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Roberts, Brian K. An atlas of rural settlement in England. English Heritage, 2000.
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Roberts, Brian K. An atlas of rural settlement in England. English Heritage, 2003.
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Singh, Anil K. Ballia District, a study in rural settlement geography. National Geographical Society of India, 1985.
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Grover, Neelam. Rural settlements: A cultural-geographical analysis : a case study of northern Haryana. Inter-India Publications, 1985.
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Singh, Jagadish. Upper Damodar Valley: A study in settlement geography. Inter-India Publications, 1985.
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Upper Damodar Valley: A study in settlement geography. Inter-India Publications, 1985.
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Lahūnī, Muḥammad ʻAbd Allāh ʻUmar. al- Taḥlīl al-jughrāfī lil-istīṭān al-rīfī fī Iqlīm Kurdistān: Dirāsah taṭbīqīyah li-Muḥāfaẓat Irbīl. Markaz Kurdistān lil-Dirāsāt al-Istirātījīyah, 2005.
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Rural process-pattern relationships: Nomadization, sedentarization, and settlement fixation. Praeger, 1992.
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Landscapes of settlement: Prehistory to the present. Routledge, 1996.
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Borsdorf, Axel, and Christoph Stadel. "Rural and Urban Settlements." In Springer Geography. Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-03530-7_6.
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"Rural Settlement." In Historical Geography: Progress and Prospect. Routledge, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203721858-17.
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"Urban and rural settlement." In The Human Geography of East Central Europe. Routledge, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203431580-14.
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Roberts, B. K. "Rural Settlement in Europe, 400—1500." In An Historical Geography of Europe. Oxford University PressOxford, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198741794.003.0004.
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Abstract Within the complex demographic, historical, and environmental forces which have swept the continent since the collapse of Roman power in the west four principal themes can be defined, namely: continuity, the sustaining of elements derived from older orders into new arrangements; colonization, involving folk movements, the intaking of new lands, and state-building; cataclysm, the impact of rapid and sometimes devastating changes; and finally the emergence of new economic systems as population increased and as trade and other linkages expanded and strengthened, processes involving the transition from economies heavily based upon subsistence to others incorporating a large amount of industry and trade. within these immense contexts, all European settlement patterns and forms have been subject to long-sustained mechanisms of generation, usage, change, and destruction. Across the broad face of a whole continent and throughout the thousand years before 1500 we are faced with almost unimaginable complexity resulting from interactions between these four themes. They underlie the elements of the distribution map appearing as Fig. 4.1, a map which will be used to bind the discussion together.
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ODINGO, R. S. "Settlement & Rural Development in Kenya." In Studies in East African Geography and Development. University of California Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/jj.13167993.22.
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Johnston, Ron. "Emrys Jones 1920–2006." In Proceedings of the British Academy, Volume 153 Biographical Memoirs of Fellows, VII. British Academy, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.5871/bacad/9780197264348.003.0012.
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Emrys Jones (1920–2006), a Fellow of the British Academy, was a geographer who, together with his elder brother, Alun, was raised in the Cynon Valley mining community of Aberaman in South Wales. In 1938, he entered University College Wales, Aberystwyth to study geography. Social anthropology and prehistoric archaeology dominated the teaching programme he experienced – with physical geography largely taught in the Department of Geology. The work on the Teify valley, Tregaron and Utica – all completed if not published by 1950 – together provide a clear view of the underlying philosophy of human geography that Jones sustained throughout his career. He also wrote papers on rural settlement patterns. At the London School of Economics, Jones focused on social geography. The last of his major projects – which occupied much of his retirement – was his study of the Welsh in London.
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Duram, Leslie Aileen, and J. Clark Archer. "Contemporary Agriculture and Rural Land Use." In Geography in America at the Dawn of the 21st Century. Oxford University Press, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198233923.003.0033.
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The Contemporary Agriculture and Rural Land Use (CARLU) Specialty Group was organized in 1985 (Napton 1989) to provide a forum for researchers who identify, describe, and explain the geographical patterns of agricultural activity and rural land use. Indeed, rural and agricultural geographers study many aspects of rural land use, including rural settlement, rural environmental management, the globalization of primary industries (i.e. agriculture, forestry, and mining), and also utilize spatial technologies for rural systems analysis. The various dimensions, consequences and policy implications of long-term sustainability of rural landscapes in industrialized, capitalist countries and particularly in North America, have been matters of special attention (Pierce 1994; Troughton 1995; Ilbery 1998). The early Jeffersonian ideal of a nation populated predominately by rural freeholders remains a popular and persistent theme in American culture. The country craft motifs of cows, chickens, and apples adorn many urban kitchens. Nearly all children know Laura Ingalls Wilder’s popular stories about a Farmer Boy (Wilder 1933) or a Little House on the Prairie (Wilder 1935). But the agrarian conditions Wilder describes in these stories near the start of the twentieth century bear little resemblance to the conditions faced by farmers in rural areas at the start of the twenty-first century due to social and agricultural change (Bell 1989; Baltensperger 1991; Roberts 1996; Lang et al. 1997; Lawrence 1997). Likewise, the quaint scenes of chickens and pigs printed on paper towels do not hint at current environmental and social concerns with large-scale livestock production in the US (Furuseth 1997; Hart and Mayda 1997). In many ways these historically imbedded ideals clash with the current reality of rural areas. Rural and agricultural researchers provide insight into how rural North America evolved to look like it does today. Their research helps describe the cultural, economic, environmental, political, and social forces that influenced and continue to influence rural places. This research often suggests what alternatives are available for rural areas in the future. Following the introduction, this chapter is organized according to four main research themes: rural regions, agricultural location theory, rural land-use change, and agricultural sustainability.
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Fedorowich, Kent, and Ian van der Waag. "The Afrikaner Rebellion 1914–1915." In The Oxford Handbook of Late Colonial Insurgencies and Counter-Insurgencies. Oxford University Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198866787.013.39.
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Abstract The Afrikaner rebellion of 1914–1915 is an under-studied but significant event in South Africa’s troubled history. At its core was the struggle for the leadership and direction of an increasingly polarized Afrikaner community, elements of which were becoming gradually more impoverished and politically marginalized as the young dominion developed into a highly urbanized and modern industrial society. For those bywoners or ‘poor whites’ who were being economically sidelined, the beginnings of discontent originated in the politics of rural Afrikaner poverty that had been gripping specific regions of the country since the turn of the twentieth century. This essay explores the ‘geography of dissent’ and the multifaceted reasons surrounding the outbreak of the rebellion. It also investigates how a new generation of progressive Afrikaner leaders, epitomized by Louis Botha and Jan Smuts, sought to conciliate those of their brethren who rose up in 1914 to preserve the old patriarchal order. In the end, although the government’s counter-insurgency operations were overwhelmingly successful, it was the political settlement that followed which would define a new national identity.
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Hamerow, Helena. "Rural Centres, Trade, and Non-Agrarian Production." In Early Medieval Settlements. Oxford University Press, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199246977.003.0010.
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In contrast to the relative scarcity of publications dealing with the buildings and layouts of rural settlements, many volumes have been devoted to the development of early medieval trade and craft production (e.g. Jankuhn et al. 1981; 1983; K. Düwel et al. 1987, vols. 1–4; Hodges and Whitehouse 1983). Archaeological research into these topics has been made more fruitful—as well as more complex—by the contributions of neighbouring disciplines such as history, geography, and numismatics. It has, however, tended to focus almost exclusively on towns, monasteries, and royal centres, yet craft production, trade, and exchange also played a significant role in farming communities before and after the emergence of such specialized centres. Indeed, the rural settlements of northwest Europe were already significantly differentiated in their economies in the Migration period, suggesting a high level of socio-economic complexity several centuries earlier than has generally been supposed. The evidence now available for trade and non-agrarian production, which derives almost wholly from archaeology, calls for a thoroughgoing reassessment of when and how centralized authorities emerged in northern Europe after the collapse of the western Empire. This is particularly true for northern Germany and southern Scandinavia, where early state formation has conventionally been dated to the late Viking period. Research into state formation has in the past focused on the origins of towns and market centres, the latter usually seen as arising from participation in long-distance trade which was controlled by kings or magnates. Yet, several centuries before there were kings or towns in northern Europe, rural settlements emerged which point to a degree of political centralization. This chapter considers the evidence for these rural centres and the role of non-agrarian production and exchange in rural settlements generally: what was the scale and context of the production, distribution, and consumption of non-agrarian goods? Who controlled these activities, and how, if at all, did the long-distance trade networks which fuelled the nascent towns of Merovingian and Viking Age Europe affect the economies of the communities which lay in their hinterlands?
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Schachner, Andreas. "4 Geographical Prerequisites versus Human Behavior: Settlement Geography, Rural Economy, and Ideological Aspects of Anthropogenic Relations with the Natural Environment during the Second Millennium BC in Central Anatolia." In Handbook of Hittite Empire. De Gruyter, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783110661781-005.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleKonferenzberichte zum Thema "Rural settlement geography"
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Hardati, Puji. "Access to the Infrastructure of Settlement for Sustainable Development Goals in Rural District Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia." In lst International Cohference on Geography and Education (ICGE 2016). Atlantis Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icge-16.2017.25.
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Villaverde Rey, Montserrat, and Anna Martínez Duran. "Making our Rural Landscape visible. A way to defend Anonymous Cultural Heritage." In HERITAGE2022 International Conference on Vernacular Heritage: Culture, People and Sustainability. Universitat Politècnica de València, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/heritage2022.2022.14389.
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As a result of the energy transition, the traditional rural landscapes are being threatened by renewable energy macro-projects, often promoted by foreign companies. In response to this threat, our project aims to bring to light the Cultural Heritage hidden in these landscapes, built over centuries by wise hands and minds, using the natural resources available back then, in order to highlight their value and later defend them from this menace. The specific case of the surroundings of El Perelló and l’Ametlla de Mar, in Baix Ebre (Tarragona, Spain), a site with Neolithic, Iberian and Roman settlements, with a calcareous geography, situated between the mountains and the Mediterranean Sea, is analyzed. A rural landscape, built in a human and family scale, protected by the mountain of “Tossal de Montagut”. An agrarian mosaic drawn by sinuous walks and dry-stone walls, with beautiful and geometric traces, in which houses, wells, hunter shelters, farmyards, etc.., appear. A series of domestic elements that constitute organic ensembles and define a settlement in balance with nature. A place that, if we give in to the threat of these projects, will become into an industrial estate, and whose Cultural Heritage will be destroyed. We propose a reflection on the identity and fragility of these anonymous places, on the need to maintain alive their memory and their Cultural Heritage: natural and built. We try to contribute, from the perspective of the architecture, to the debate on the current conflicts between rural landscapes and renewable energies. Our project proposes to analyze, register, catalogue, redraw, etc. the architectonic elements in the affected landscape (approx. 800 Ha), highlighting the historical value of the place through historic archival work and the recording of the tradition and daily life of local people.
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Завойкин, А. А. "Kytaion: reflections on the “small bosporan town”." In Древности Боспора. Crossref, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.25681/iaras.2022.978-5-94375-372-5.101-112.
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Kytaion was a small Bosporan town. It originated in the process of internal colonization by the Hellenes of the lands of Eastern Crimea. Literary sources, starting with the Periplus of Ps.-Scylax (3rd quarter of the 4th century BC), call it πόλις. At the same time, settlements similar to it in size and urban appearance in Strabo’s “Geography” (and in later sources) are attributed to the number of κῶμαι. (Some of them were probably founded as independent apoi kiai as a result of the Great Greek Colonization, but lost the polis’ status due to their entry into the power of the Spartokids.) In Russian historiography the term κῶμαι is usually translated and understood as “villages”, “rural settlements”, although it is polysemantic (settlement; the Dorian equivalent to Attic demes; urban area, quarter). The author of the article, relying on the testimony of Polyaenus (Strat. VI. 9, 3) about appointment by Leucon I to relatives of suspected treason of trierarchs in the management of κῶμαι, tried to prove that here we are not talking about individual “villages”, but about rural districts – the lowest district in the administrative-territorial system of the Bosporus state. From this angle, he analyzed information about these κῶμαι in Strabo, descended from writing of Artemidorus of Ephesus. As a result, the author concluded that, unlike the larger cities that retained elements of polis’ form organization (Pantikapaion, Phanagoria, Theodosia, Nymphaion, Kepoi, Hermonassa, Gorgippia), the so-called “small Bosporan towns” (Strabo’ κῶμαι) were mainly urban centers of territorial districts. The formation of such a structure dates back to the reign of Leucon I, although the beginning of this process must apparently be dated back to the last decades of his father’s life. Probably, these districts were named after their urban centers, and the demoticon of their inhabitants remained used, at least as early as the 3rd century AD (CIRB 942).
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Karpova, M., and Y. Stepanova. "Historical and geographical study of the Toropetsky uezd of 16th century using geographic information technologies." In Historical research in the context of data science: Information resources, analytical methods and digital technologies. LLC MAKS Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29003/m1821.978-5-317-06529-4/278-284.
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The article presents the results of a historical and geographical study of the Toropetsky uezd of the 16th century using GIS technologies. The volosts and specific territorial units of the uezd – perevara, associated with the development of wild-hive beekeeping were localized according to the scribe book of 1540. The settlement of the territories was estimated. The "nests" of rural settlements were recorded inside perevara. The wild-hive beekeeping in Toropetsky uezd during the period of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania was the part of the Grand Duke's household, and gradually fell into decline in the Moscow State. Here the estates were formed, which were recorded by the scribe book
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Levykin, Sergey V., Grigoriy V. Kazachkov, and Ilya G. Yakovlev. "ON THE LANDSCAPE ROLE BY STEPPE SETTLEMENT: EXISTING, FADING, DISAPPEARED." In Treshnikov readings – 2022 Modern geographical global picture and technology of geographic education. Ulyanovsk State Pedagogical University named after I. N. Ulyanov, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.33065/978-5-907216-88-4-2022-52-53.
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Chepurnova, Valentina S. "MODELS OF ORGANIZATION OF EDUCATIONAL SYSTEMS IN CONDITIONS OF RURAL SETTLEMENT." In Treshnikov readings – 2022 Modern geographical global picture and technology of geographic education. Ulyanovsk State Pedagogical University named after I. N. Ulyanov, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.33065/978-5-907216-88-4-2022-226-227.
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The article is devoted to the study of the spatial organization of educational systems, which are based on a combination of several basic models – nuclear, node, cellular and step. The design and strategic planning of a new type of networks should be based on the existing and continuing to form a finely dispersed structure of rural settlement.
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Grajczjar, Istvan, Krisztina Schottner, and Janos Harskuti. "Wellbeing elements in companies located in different settlement types in Hungary." In 22nd International Scientific Conference Engineering for Rural Development. Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, Faculty of Engineering, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/erdev.2023.22.tf182.
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Abstract: This study aims to investigate how applied well-being elements and geographic location of a company/institution influence the workplace satisfaction of different working groups in Hungary. In our research, 108 companies and institutions of different sizes were selected in Budapest and in the countryside, as well as organizations with national scope in Hungary. HR managers and professionals were asked for the help of a self-filling expert questionnaire. The study explores how physical, mental, and emotional support is provided in these different locations, and whether well-being-supportive technologies are utilized. Additionally, the study looks at the availability of self-development opportunities and the impact of location on the differences in real-time workforce monitoring, transparent communication, and the redefinition of HR missions. The provision of appreciation, positive feedback, contact with managers, career planning, mentoring, fringe benefits, and physical and mental health are highlighted in relation to location. Our results show that regarding the applied language of appreciation companies in the countryside are able to stay in the competition with companies located in Budapest (the capital) or the ones with nationwide scope. However, such well-being elements like real-time workforce monitoring, utilizing well-being supportive technologies, physical, mental, and emotional support of new and modern HR strategies are in seriously disadvantaged positions compared to companies located in Budapest or to those with nationwide scope. Independently of all this, we found only at companies in the countryside correlations between the satisfaction level of all three working groups and the implemented well-being dimensions and appreciation languages.
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Mikhailov, S. S., and D. A. Chizh. "Determination of unefficiently used land plots in rural settlements of the Minsk district." In II All-Russian scientific conference with international participation "Achievements of science and technology". Krasnoyarsk Science and Technology City Hall, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.47813/dnit-ii.2023.7.103-107.
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The article presents an example of integrating Geographic Information Systems (GIS) with the data of the State Land Cadastre of the Republic of Belarus for identifying inefficiently used land plots in the residential estate fund of Minsk district. By intergating GIS with the data of State Land Cadastre of the Republic of Belarus investment attractiveness can be increased for more rational, efficient and high-quality land management of the Republic of Belarus
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Krunić, Nikola, Aleksandra Gajić, and Danijela Srnić. "HOW SYSTEM OF SETTLEMENTS IN SERBIA WILL CHANGE? GEOGRAPHIC DETERMINANTS OF SPATIAL-FUNCTIONAL RELATIONSHIPS OF URBAN AND RURAL AREAS." In 7th International Scientific Conference GEOBALCANICA 2021. Geobalcanica Society, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18509/gbp210461k.
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Aguilar Prieto, Berenice. "The towns of the Popocateptl Volcano. Territorial symbolism, cultural identity and vernacular architecture." In HERITAGE2022 International Conference on Vernacular Heritage: Culture, People and Sustainability. Universitat Politècnica de València, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/heritage2022.2022.14244.
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This paper addresses the relationship between identity and territory from a cultural geography perspective. The case of study is the Popocatépetl Volcano settlements in central Mexico. Natural and social features that have determined the traditional local building and urban spacial solutions are considered. The theoretical approach is based on hermeneutics theories, namely, the symbolic-cultural appropriation of the territory, based on the meaning and symbolism underlying the cultural identity of the communities’ territorial ways of life. It is supported by the results of field research carried out over three years in two towns where university students and local people joined. According to Giménez, whose theory is fundamental for this study, the territories hold a symbolism for the peoples and their history, from which it follows that in rural areas spatial decisions respond mainly to cultural factors. The meaning that ancestral territories comprise for ethnic and mestizo groups, as well as their attachment explains the conception of being places of anchoring collective memory, in the author terms. The latter will be explained through the local vernacular constructive solutions of the volcano towns, their streets and trails, the complementary spaces and elements of daily community life such as orchards and barns. This paper does not overlook the current matter and issues that have arisen after several governmental policies, that together with real estate and cement companies, have disrupted local quality of life, people values and their idiosyncrasies. The cultural development of these towns took centuries to achieve; the mastery of the trades from the knowledge of the materials, among others. Three decades have sufficed for the globalization interests disguised as progress, to make local people let go their ancestral knowledge on how to build their dwellings and how to solve their public spaces. All these is in detriment of the natural resources leading to a loss of balance between human space and nature.
Berichte der Organisationen zum Thema "Rural settlement geography"
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Stjernberg, Mats, Anna Vasilevskaya, and Oskar Penje. Towards a grid-based Nordic territorial typology - A new tool for analysis across the urban-rural continuum. Nordregio, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.6027/r2024:91403-2503.
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This report presents the grid-based Nordic urban–rural typology, which was developed as a new analytical tool for studying different types of spatial phenomena across Nordic territories. In this study this meant developing a typology that classifies all Nordic territories into seven different typology classes based on different degrees of urbanity and rurality. A key starting point for this work was the need for a territorial typology that would help enrich and provide new understanding of different types of urban and rural areas across the Nordic countries and shed light on how they are developing. This report first presents how the typology was created, including the rationale behind the typology, key considerations at different stages of the work, and the main operational steps taken. The main purpose was to create a new territorial typology, to which different types of data could be combined, thus helping to provide a more nuanced and fine-grained understanding of territorial differences across the Nordic countries. Several key principles were specified early in the work. These include that the typology should be created at grid-level (1 x 1 km) as this allows identifying the characteristics of different types of areas at a very detailed territorial level. Another key decision was to create the typology mainly using open-source data and following a replicable method, to make any possible future updates to the typology easier and less costly. For the development of the Nordic typology, the Finnish grid-based urban–rural classification (Kaupunki-maaseutuluokitus) was the main source of inspiration. This Nordic typology and population data at grid level (linked to the typology) is then used as an analytical lens for studying territorial differences, settlement pattens and demographic change dynamics in the five Nordic countries. According to the typology, the Nordic countries are predominantly rural when considering how their land areas are classified. However, an examination of settlement patterns according to the Nordic typology shows that the settlements are rather unevenly distributed in all the Nordic countries, and the majority of the population live relatively concentrated in areas that are classified as urban. In general, the population is largely concentrated in coastal areas and along waterways, where the major urban regions are found, reflecting historical patterns and features of physical geography. The Nordic typology is also used to examine what types of population change dynamics occurred in the Nordic countries during the period 2008–2022. The analysis shows that urbanisation has been a general trend during the past couple of decades, with the largest population growth occurring in the typology classes inner urban and outer urban. A relatively noticeable increase in population is also evident in peri-urban areas, suggesting suburbanisation and that intermediate areas located on the urban fringes have increasingly attracted new residents. In rural areas, the general trend shows that depopulation has occurred in many rural localities, but different types of rural areas have developed quite differently. Based on the analysis, rural areas that are in the vicinity of cities and towns appear to have become more attractive places for people to settle, while sparsely populated rural areas seem to be less favourably placed and have generally witnessed population decrease. This report shows how this typology and more fine-grained data can help reveal territorial differences that cannot be observed with more general statistics and data. The grid-based Nordic typology shows that many municipalities are at the same time both urban, intermediate, and rural, and in many cases these different categories seem to be undergoing quite different types of development. While the Nordic urban–rural typology is used in this study to examine settlement patterns and population change dynamics, it should be stressed that the typology is also well-suited to be used in combination with other types of data and as an analytical framework for studying also other types of spatial phenomena across the urban–rural continuum.