Dissertationen: „Rural cooperatives“

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Ferreira, Palloma Rosa. „A educação cooperativista em Minas Gerais: mapeando as organizações“. Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 2009. http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/4120.

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The cooperative education begins with the very idea of cooperative. Aware of the peculiar characteristics of these organizational forms, where cooperation is proposed as an alternative to competition and individualism, the pioneers of the cooperative system themselves set that it will be one of the principles that define and support the cooperatives themselves. It transforms into one of the pillars of sustentation of the cooperative development, being constituent of the principles, as well as the explicit needs of these organizations. This work has as aim to discuss some aspects of the history, definitions and operation of cooperative education in the State of Minas Gerais- agricultural cooperatives and analyze the organizations that offer cooperative education. As methodological work for this analysis, there was first a survey, due to scarce available literature on the situation and to achieve more information about the problem, for it, it was directed questionnaires containing closed and open questions, addressed to all the agricultural cooperatives which it had access in the State. Second, it was performed a descriptive study of organizations that carry out cooperative education in the State of Minas Gerais, which were developed semi-structured interviews and documentary research. It is concluded that cooperative education is poorly developed in the Minas Gerais- agricultural cooperatives, although there is no single definition of what is the thematic or it should include. Therefore, the diversity of studied organizations allows the understanding of existence of multiple concepts of cooperative education, and also the observation of the variety of activities and public to whom theses activities are organized. It is possible to verify the presence of three focus areas - business management, social management and technical assistance to cooperatives members- in the contents that agricultural cooperatives identified as part of cooperative education. Among the organizations there are those that offer many of these contents, but with discrepancies, or sometimes with an emphasis of some contents and little attention given to the others. Yet, it is possible to visualize matches on the activities of cooperative education that are undertaken by these organizations, thereby causing duplicity of developed actions, however, not with the same approach. It´s verified the evidences of existence of a field, in Bourdieu´s way, multiple, diversified and in development, where diverse organizations with different profiles and purposes work.
A educação cooperativista nasce junto à própria ideia de cooperativa. Conscientes das características peculiares destas formas organizacionais, nas quais a cooperação se propõe como alternativa à competição e ao individualismo, os próprios pioneiros estabeleceram que ela será um dos princípios que sustentam e definem as próprias cooperativas. Como um dos pilares de sustentação do desenvolvimento cooperativo, é uma necessidade explícita destas organizações. O objetivo desta pesquisa é trazer para a luz do debate, aspectos relativos à história, definições e funcionamento da educação cooperativista nas cooperativas agrárias no Estado de Minas Gerais e analisar as organizações que atuam oferecendo educação cooperativista. Como trabalho metodológico para essa análise, realizou-se primeiro uma pesquisa exploratória, devido à escassa bibliografia disponível sobre a situação a ser observada e no intuito de alcançar maiores informações sobre o problema em questão. Para isso, foram encaminhados questionários, contendo questões fechadas e abertas, para todas as cooperativas agropecuárias às quais se teve acesso no Estado. Num segundo momento, foi realizada uma pesquisa descritiva das organizações que realizam educação cooperativista no Estado de Minas Gerais; para tanto foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas, assim como pesquisa documental. Conclui-se que a educação cooperativista é escassamente desenvolvida nas cooperativas agrárias mineiras, embora não existindo uma única definição do que seja ou das temáticas que ela deva englobar. Assim, a heterogeneidade das organizações estudadas permite perceber a polissemia do conceito de educação cooperativista e observar também a variedade de atividades e públicos para os quais são organizadas essas atividades. Verifica-se a presença de três áreas privilegiadas nos conteúdos que as cooperativas agrárias identificam como fazendo parte da educação cooperativista: gestão empresarial, gestão social e assistência técnica aos cooperados. Dentre as organizações, existem aquelas que oferecem simultaneamente vários dos conteúdos mencionados, porém com discrepâncias, ou seja, às vezes com ênfase num destes conteúdos e pouca atenção dispensada aos demais. Ainda é possível visualizar coincidências nas atividades de educação cooperativista que são realizadas por essas organizações, ocasionando consequentemente sombreamento das ações desenvolvidas, embora não necessariamente com enfoque similar. Observamse indícios da existência de um campo no sentido de Bourdieu, múltiplo, diversificado e em crescimento, em que diversas organizações de distinto perfil e finalidade atuam.

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Bhuimali, Anil. „The Experiments and prospects of rural cooperatives in West Bengal“. Thesis, University of North Bengal, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/323.

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Pivoto, Dieisson. „Governança cooperativa : uma análise dos problemas oriundos dos direitos de propriedade difusos nas cooperativas agropecuárias do Rio Grande do Sul“. reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/70628.

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As cooperativas agropecuárias são representativas dentro do cooperativismo e do agronegócio brasileiro. O ramo agropecuário possui 23% do total de cooperativas brasileiras (OCB, 2010), com participação considerável em inúmeras cadeias do agronegócio. Apesar da importância dessas organizações, com as mudanças que ocorreram nas últimas décadas na economia brasileira e mundial, como abertura econômica, menor aporte financeiro do estado às cooperativas agropecuárias e internacionalização dos mercados, muitas dessas organizações têm apresentado dificuldade de se manterem no mercado. As cooperativas agropecuárias tradicionais, conforme descreve Cook (1995), possuem os seus direitos de propriedade difusos, gerando problemas de governança (carona, horizonte, portfólio, controle e custos de influência), causando conflitos na organização cooperativa. De acordo com a intensidade dos problemas mencionados, podem levar à liquidação do empreendimento cooperativo. O Rio Grande do Sul apresenta-se como um dos estados onde o cooperativismo teve sua gênese. Diante do exposto, o trabalho teve como objetivo verificar a presença e a intensidade dos problemas oriundos dos direitos de propriedade difusos, bem como analisar e discutir as estratégias empregadas pelas cooperativas agropecuárias do Rio Grande do Sul e presentes na literatura para minimizar esses problemas. Verificou-se que o problema mais intenso nas cooperativas agropecuárias do estado é o do horizonte, sendo seguindo pelo problema do carona, de portfólio, de controle e custos de influência. Constatou-se que, em geral, as cooperativas que têm os “grãos” como principal atividade de negócio apresentam maior intensidade do problema do horizonte e carona que o grupo das demais cooperativas. As cooperativas agropecuárias do estado apresentam um grande número de estratégias e mecanismos para minimizar os problemas oriundos dos direitos de propriedade difusos, diferindo entre os diferentes grupos de cooperativas. No entanto, a ausência de estratégias para mitigar os problemas em algumas cooperativas, aumenta a incidência dos problemas. Os novos modelos organizacionais de cooperativas podem ser uma forma de minimizar os problemas de governança das cooperativas agropecuárias do Rio Grande do Sul.
The agriculture cooperatives are representative within Brazilian cooperativism and agribusiness. The agricultural line of business detains 23% of the total of Brazilian cooperatives (OCB, 2010), with a considerable participation in several chains of agribusiness. Despite the importance of these organizations, with the changes that took place in the last decade in the Brazilian and the world’s economy, such as the opening of economy, the diminishing of financial support from the government to the agricultural cooperatives and the internationalization of the market, many organizations such as these have been showing difficulties to keep themselves in the market. The traditional agricultural cooperatives, as Cook describes (1995), have their ownership rights diffused, creating governance issues (“free ride”, horizon, portfolio, control and influence costs), causing conflicts in the cooperative organization. According to the intensity of the issues mentioned above, they can liquidate the cooperative enterprise. Rio Grande do Sul is one of the states where cooperativism had its genesis. Considering what has been presented so far, the goal of this work was to verify the presence and intensity of the issues stemming from the diffused ownership rights, as well as analyze and discuss the strategies used by the agricultural cooperatives of Rio Grande do Sul and that are present in the literature in order to minimize these problems. It was verified that the most intense problem in the agricultural cooperatives in the state is the one related to “horizon”, followed by the “free ride” problem, the portfolio, the control and the influence costs ones. It was also verified that the cooperatives which have “grains” as their main business activity present a greater intensity of the “horizon” and the “free ride” problems, compared to the group of the other cooperatives. The state’s agricultural cooperatives have a great number of strategies and mechanisms to minimize the issues stemming from the diffused ownership rights, differing amongst the different cooperative groups. The lack of strategies to minimize the problems in some cooperatives increases the incidence of these issues. The new organizational models of the cooperatives can be a way of minimizing the governance problems of the agricultural cooperatives of Rio Grande do Sul.

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Green, John J. „Community-based cooperatives and networks : participatory social movement assessment of four organizations /“. free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2002. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p3060099.

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Meng, Junhong [Verfasser]. „Chinese Rural Banking Situation and the Reform of the Main Rural Financial Supplier Rural Credit Cooperatives / Junhong Meng“. Baden-Baden : Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG, 2014. http://d-nb.info/110761256X/34.

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Andersson, Joel. „The Cooperative Role Model : A study of the Role Model Effect in rural agricultural cooperatives in Rwanda“. Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Statsvetenskapliga institutionen, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-403172.

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With the highest representation of female parliamentarians in the world, Rwanda is a frequently reoccurring case when studying the impact of increased female representation. In this debate, little attention has been given to symbolic representation and particularly to the concept of the Role Model Effect. To bridge this gap, the purpose is to provide insights to how the Role Model Effect operates in a rural, non-quota context, separated from high politics. Consequently, the thesis seeks to examine how female board members in Rwandan agricultural cooperatives affect the willingness of female members to obtain board positions. The data was collected through a qualitative field study where 44 respondents in three different cooperatives in Rwanda were interviewed. Respondents were chosen through a combination of strategic selection and snowball sampling. The thesis found that the Role Model Effect required two conditions to be fulfilled before it could be manifested: geographical proximity and trust. If these criteria were met, both female board members and female leaders of lower ranks were found to explicitly and implicitly increase the willingness to obtain leading positions among female members, thus altering ruling gender roles.

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Ndabeni, L. „Where there are no jobs: The South African Challenge of Creating Jobs and Incomes for Marginalized Rural Inhabitants“. Tshwane University of Technology, 2008. http://encore.tut.ac.za/iii/cpro/DigitalItemViewPage.external?sp=1001620.

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Abstract The problem of rural poverty, unemployment, lack of incomes, and marginalization has become an important area of policy in practice in South Africa. More specifically, employment is seen as an important policy instrument through which the marginalized rural inhabitants can enter and participate in the broader national economy. It is not surprising, therefore, that this area of policy concern is increasingly receiving attention among policy makers and scholars. The aim in this paper is to examine three specific strategies that are increasingly utilized to create employment and incomes for the marginalized rural inhabitants in South Africa.

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McGehee, Nancy Gard. „Effects of tourism-related cooperatives on community development in Appalachia /“. This resource online, 1994. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-06232009-063350/.

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Corrêa, Fábio Rogério Cassimiro. „Os Bancos de Custeio Rural e o crédito agrícola em São Paulo (1906-1914)“. Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8137/tde-10042015-113438/.

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O sistema de financiamento da cafeicultura evoluiu no processo da transição do trabalho escravo para o livre, ocasionando o aumento da demanda do crédito para o custeio anual da safra sobre os empréstimos de longo prazo exigidos durante o regime escravista. Por outro lado, a crise dos preços do café ocorrida entre 1896 e 1906 evidenciou as limitações do sistema de financiamento existente que estava baseado nos adiantamentos fornecidos por comerciantes. As novas necessidades de crédito e o crescente clima de descontentamento com os mecanismos comerciais de financiamento acabariam por suscitar propostas de intervenção do Estado com políticas de crédito agrícola a serem organizadas ou subsidiadas pelo governo do Estado de São Paulo e que viriam a ser concretizadas na esteira do programa de valorização do café, adotado em 1906. Tais intervenções incluiriam a criação de bancos agrícolas e o incentivo às cooperativas rurais de crédito, das quais os chamados Bancos de Custeio Rural são os primeiros experimentos desse tipo no estado e constituem nosso objeto de estudo. Os Bancos de Custeio Rural formaram uma rede de cooperativas de crédito, que atuou entre 1906 e 1914 no interior do estado de São Paulo. Esses bancos emprestavam apenas aos fazendeiros associados o valor demandado no financiamento anual da lavoura. Tendo surgido no contexto da crise cafeeira de 1896-1906, a sua reconstituição revela o intenso debate a respeito dos meios de se combater a crise e sobre o papel do Estado no financiamento agrícola. Os bancos de custeio surgiram como uma alternativa à intervenção governamental no sistema de crédito e representam a primeira experiência com o cooperativismo de crédito no Estado de São Paulo. Em 1914, eles estavam presentes em quarenta e nove cidades paulistas, no entanto, apesar de seu rápido crescimento, eles desapareceram após a falência da companhia que os organizava, em janeiro deste ano. Neste artigo discutimos as circunstâncias de seu surgimento, sua organização, atuação e falência
The financing system of coffee has evolved in the transition from slave to free labor process as credit for the cost of the annual harvest was imposed in relation to long-term loans required by the slave system. On the other hand, the crisis in coffee prices that occurred between 1896 and 1906 would demonstrate the limitations of the funding system, based on advances provided by merchants. The new credit requirements and the growing sense of discontent with commercial financing mechanisms would eventually raise proposals for state intervention through an agricultural credit policy to be organized by the state government of São Paulo and that was to be carried on the mat the coffee valorization program adopted in 1906. Such interventions include the establishment of agricultural banks and encouraging rural credit cooperatives of which the so-called Costing rural banks are the first experiments of this type in the state and constitute our object of study. The \"Bancos de Custeio Rural\" consisted of a network of credit unions that operated between 1906 and 1914 in the state of São Paulo. During this period, these banks lent, to associated farmers only, the necessary amount to fund their annual crop. Having arisen in the context of the coffee crisis of 1896-1906, their reconstitution reveals the intense debate regarding ways to tackle the crisis and the role of the state in agricultural finance. The BCRs emerged as an alternative to government intervention in the credit system and represented the first experience with the credit cooperativism in the state of São Paulo. In 1914, they were present in forty-nine cities of that state. However, despite its rapid growth, they disappeared as soon as the company that have organized them went bankrupt, in January of that same year. In this article, we discuss the circumstances of its emergence, organization, operations and bankruptcy

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Ghellere, Reginaldo. „REDES DE COOPERAÇÃO DA AGRICULTURA FAMILIAR DO SUL DE SANTA CATARINA“. Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2014. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/8908.

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Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária
This research discusses the role of family agriculture cooperative networks in country life social and economic aspects in southern Santa Catarina. Since colonization period, mainly Italian and German, the region has a history of several agricultural cooperatives formed by agricultural product, some of which having already more than 45 years of operation. From the year 2004, seeking to meet the needs of marketing, appear new agricultural cooperatives in the decentralized model. Thus, the study aims to analyze the importance of agricultural cooperatives by product and decentralized to the social reproduction of family farmers associated with them. To meet this purpose was done a research with twenty associated from four agricultural cooperatives, two by product and two decentralized. The study shows how these cooperatives contribute positively with associated families by creating favorable marketing conditions to local farmers and also providing technical improvement. However, even with the recognition of the benefits of the cooperative, it was found that some associated have not sold their entire production through its cooperative thereby resulting in economic and social losses for the entire system.
Esta investigação versa sobre o papel das redes de cooperação da agricultura familiar na reprodução social das famílias de agricultores familiares. As redes de cooperação estudadas são delimitadas por cooperativas agropecuárias por produto e descentralizadas, localizadas no Sul de Santa Catarina. Desde sua colonização, principalmente italiana e alemã, a região possui um histórico de diversas cooperativas agropecuárias constituídas por produto agrícola, sendo que algumas delas possuem mais de 45 anos de funcionamento. A partir do ano de 2004, procurando atender as necessidades de comercialização de produtos processados pelos próprios agricultores, nos mercados local e institucional, são constituídas novas cooperativas agropecuárias no formato descentralizadas. Assim, o estudo teve como objetivo principal, analisar a importância das cooperativas agropecuárias por produto e descentralizadas para a reprodução social dos agricultores familiares associados às mesmas. Para tanto, foi feita uma pesquisa com vinte associados de quatro cooperativas agropecuárias, sendo duas por produto e duas descentralizadas. O estudo demonstrou que as cooperativas contribuem positivamente com as famílias associadas. Enquanto as cooperativas por produto conseguem ditar condições favoráveis de comercialização do mercado local aos agricultores sócios e também a não-sócios, bem como prestar apoio técnico e oferta de insumos, as cooperativas descentralizadas, por sua vez, viabilizam o acesso a diversos canais de comercialização aos seus associados a partir da formalização dos empreendimentos dos associados. Porém, mesmo com o reconhecimento dos benefícios da cooperativa, constatou-se que alguns cooperados não tem comercializado a totalidade de sua produção por meio das suas cooperativas. Isto resulta em perdas econômicas e sociais para as cooperativas e, respectivamente, para o conjunto dos associados.

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Ratcliffe, Joel. „The (Post)Development of Rwandan Rice-Growers' Cooperatives“. Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/31022.

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The Rwandan countryside is currently undergoing a process of rapid reform under ambitious government programs to modernize agriculture for participation in national and international markets. While the government asserts that it is pursuing pro-poor growth, many critics present significant evidence to the contrary. This thesis examines the use of farmers cooperatives within the ongoing government campaign of agricultural modernization, and it asks whether the co-ops themselves are sources of personal empowerment and material gain for the small producers. Adopting the “sceptical” post-development position advanced by Aram Ziai, the present research attempts to take a pragmatic look at the ways in which the co-ops meet or fail to meet the material and non-material needs of their members while appreciating that cultural preferences are heterogeneous and dynamic. While the use of farmers cooperatives appears appropriate for the Rwandan marshland, the co-ops examined very much fall short of the post-development social movement model.

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Pritchard, Diana Jane. „Popular participation in Sandinista Nicaragua : a case study of two rural cooperatives“. Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 1994. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1275/.

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This thesis provides a detailed examination of the processes of participation which developed during the years of the Sandinista Government in Nicaragua (1979-90) and is based on extensive fieldwork on two rural cooperatives. Whereas the predominant analysis of the experience of popular participation during the period has emphasised structural level phenomena, here an attempt is made to combine actor-oriented and structural-historical approaches in order to identify the key factors which operated to shape the development of local participation. In such a way the thesis stresses how micro-level factors - life experiences, subjective meanings and group dynamics - interacted with macro-level processes. The thesis starts by identifying the dimensions and theories of popular participation which relate to its objectives, intensities and outcomes, in order to frame the research questions. The period studied is then contextualised with a history of Nicaragua, establishing the authoritarian conditions which marginalised the majority of Nicaraguans from economic development and political processes. Next, the thesis examines Sandinista political theory, the channels of popular participation and the macro-level factors which restricted its development. It also describes how the cooperative movement evolved during the period of Sandinista rule as an expression of the peasant movement in the context of state paternalism. The main analytical body of the thesis starts by providing background details about the two case studies. Then it details and compares the participatory processes underway within the cooperatives, focusing on the assembly, leadership and women; the different intensities of participation; and the social factors influencing it. These processes are evaluated qualitatively and it is demonstrated that despite apparent limitations, participation enhanced the social, political and psychological power of cooperative members although in different, uneven and contradictory ways. The thesis concludes that although the participation of peasants in national level structures was restricted, the objective conditions created by the FSLN contributed to the qualitative empowerment of individuals incorporated into cooperatives. International comparisons, theoretical and policy implications are finally noted.

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Lopes, Abel Panerai. „ANÁLISE DE INDICADORES ECONÔMICO-FINANCEIROS E SOCIAIS NA GESTÃO DE COOPERATIVAS AGROPECUÁRIAS NA REGIÃO CENTRAL DO ESTADO DO RIO GRANDE DO SUL“. Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2009. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/8842.

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The research was conducted based on the importance of cooperatives in agricultural production and industrialization in the context of RS. Cooperatives studied are installed in the central region of the state. In this sense, it was intended to answer the following research question: the financial and social indicators selected are also important for the management of agricultural cooperatives? The objective was to investigate the importance and influence of socio-economic indicators in the nature of the management of agricultural cooperatives in the period 2003 to 2008. The units of analysis were two agricultural cooperatives in Rio Grande do Sul, where he conducted a study of the historical evolution of management and accounting, and the relationship between this development, management and elements of the institutional environment in which they find themselves. The survey highlighted the historical phases: creation, development, structuring, expansion and consolidation, the present moment and the prospect of agricultural cooperatives. There was a descriptive analysis of qualitative and quantitative emphasis on the comparison within and between organizations in aspects of their environment. The research enabled us to compare within and between organizations considering the legislation, statutes, and other aspects of the institutional environment, which carry the same influence on the management of these organizations. The relationship between indicator results and the calculated economic and financial analysis of cooperatives provided information to identify situations of success and or financial distress. The results presented on the historical evaluation of the development of agricultural cooperatives emphasized its economic and social development through income generation, employment and growth of cooperatives. With regard to identification, determination and evolution of socioeconomic indicators selected, they are useful for the evaluation of agricultural cooperatives and their management, however, their evaluation should be differentiated. It was noted that the data and information generated in the agricultural cooperatives, with respect to social aspects, must be recorded and disclosed in reports. About the capital structure, it was observed that the indebtedness and profitability require the use of alternative indicators for analysis. Over this period, the agricultural cooperatives were characteristic of success in their administrations, as results of their indicators. The indicators analyzed officers, directors, associates, and organized society can develop assessments of the agricultural cooperative societies taking into account the cooperative principles, administrative transparency, social responsibility and sustainability. Thus, we see the need for further research and study more effective with the leaders of singular cooperatives, central or federations, confederations and leaders of state organizations (OCES) and federal (OCB) in order to adjust the release of data and accounting information in the Brazilian cooperative.
A pesquisa realizada foi embasada na importância que as cooperativas de produção e industrialização agropecuária exercem no contexto do RS. As cooperativas estudadas se encontram instaladas na região central do Estado. Neste sentido, pretendeu-se, responder a seguinte questão de pesquisa: os indicadores econômico-financeiros e sociais selecionados são igualmente importantes para a gestão das cooperativas agropecuárias? O objetivo foi investigar a importância e influência dos indicadores sócio-econômicos na natureza da gestão das cooperativas agropecuárias, no período de 2003 a 2008. As unidades de análise foram duas cooperativas agropecuárias do Rio Grande do Sul, onde se realizou um estudo da evolução histórica, da gestão administrativa e contábil, e da relação entre esta evolução, a gestão e os elementos do ambiente institucional em que elas se encontram. O levantamento histórico destacou as fases evolutivas: constituição, desenvolvimento, estruturação, expansão e consolidação, o momento atual e a perspectiva das cooperativas agropecuárias. Fez-se uma análise descritiva qualiquantitativa destacando-se a comparação intra e inter organizações nos aspectos de seu ambiente institucional. A pesquisa possibilitou a comparação intra e inter organizações considerando a legislação vigente, seus estatutos, e de outros aspectos ligados ao ambiente institucional, que levam o mesmo a influir na gestão destas organizações. A relação entre os resultados dos indicadores calculados e o desempenho econômico-financeiro das cooperativas analisadas forneceu informações para identificarem-se situações de sucesso e ou de desequilíbrio financeiro. Os resultados apresentados referentes a avaliação histórica da evolução das cooperativas agropecuárias destacaram sua importância econômica e social, através da geração de renda, emprego e crescimento dessas cooperativas. Com relação à identificação, determinação e evolução dos indicadores socioeconômicos selecionados, eles se mostram úteis para a avaliação de cooperativas agropecuárias e na sua gestão, contudo, sua avaliação deve ser diferenciada. Percebeu-se que os dados e informações gerados nas cooperativas agropecuárias com relação aos aspectos sociais precisam ser registrados e divulgados em relatórios. Acerca da estrutura de capital, observou-se que o endividamento e a rentabilidade necessitam da utilização de indicadores alternativos para sua análise. No período analisado, as cooperativas agropecuárias apresentaram características de sucesso em suas administrações, conforme resultados obtidos de seus indicadores. Com base nos indicadores analisados os dirigentes, diretores, associados, e sociedade organizada poderão desenvolver avaliações sobre as sociedades cooperativas agropecuárias levando em consideração os princípios do cooperativismo, a transparência administrativa, a responsabilidade social e a sua sustentabilidade. Dessa forma, percebe-se a necessidade de novas pesquisas e estudos mais efetivos junto aos dirigentes de cooperativas singulares, centrais ou federações, confederações e dirigentes de organizações estaduais (OCEs) e federais (OCB), no sentido de ajustarem a divulgação dos dados e informações contábeis no âmbito do cooperativismo brasileiro.

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McGehee, Nancy G. „Effects of tourism-related cooperatives on community development in Appalachia“. Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/43444.

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Rising poverty rates, increases in joblessness, and the depletion of traditional means of livelihood (such as agriculture and large industry), are all forces working to diminish the ability for the rural Appalachian to make a living (Appalachian Regional Commission, 1993). Many rural development professionals interested in cultivating new options are including the concept of the cooperative as a tool for economic development. However, there is some controversy over whether the cooperative form of organization is an optimal method of economic development for rural America. The same had been said about tourism as a contributor to economic development. This thesis uses case study analysis to examine three current cooperatives and their contributions to the community, using a Weberian lens of formal versus substantive rationality. Results indicated a tentative relationship between amount and type of contributions of the tourism-related cooperative organization and type of rationality for its existence.
Master of Science

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Petarly, Renata Rauta. „Assistência Técnica e Extensão Rural para quê? O caso da Cooperativa Agropecuária de Patrocínio“. Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 2013. http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/4189.

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
In a constant process of change, the concept of technical advice and rural extension (ATER) undergoes several transformations over time. It is questioned also whether it should be performed differently accordingly to each organization that execute these activities. Should it be a different ATER carried out by agricultural cooperatives? This question oriented this research that aims to describe the ATER executed by an agricultural cooperative questioning how it contributes to the complexity that means responding to the associative and business requirements of cooperatives‟ management. Being organizations that should adequate themselves to market demands, while enhancing and promoting members‟ participation and development, agricultural cooperatives would require a technical staff that could articulate the dual focus of its management and would be responsible for implementing actions of socioeconomic promotion. The research was a case study, with exploratory-descriptive characteristics, held at the Agricultural Cooperative of Patrocínio, in the Alto Paranaíba region of Minas Gerais. Interviews were held with directors, ATER agents, members and their representatives in Education Committee and Board of Directors. It was observed that agents ATER participate in technical advice on production improvement, at the same time contributing to the communication and representative processes established between the cooperative and their members. They also participate in cooperative education activities seeking to promote the loyalty of members, and through the enhancing of their economic development and quality of life. It can be conclude that there is a specific Cooperative‟s ATER that integrates activities of providing advice to members in the improvement of the results of their work and living conditions in rural areas, complementing also with activities of cooperative education promoting active and consciously economic and social participation of members, contributing for a more efficient economic and social articulation between the cooperative and their members.
Em constante processo de mudança, o conceito de assistência técnica e extensão rural (ATER) passa por várias transformações ao longo do tempo. Questiona-se se também se deveria configurar-se de maneiras diferentes a partir de cada organização que a executa. Deveria ser diferente a ATER realizada pelas cooperativas agropecuárias? Essa questão orientou o trabalho que buscou descrever a ATER executada por uma cooperativa agropecuária questionando-se como ela contribui com a complexidade que significa responder às exigências dos aspectos associativos e empresariais na gestão cooperativa. Por serem organizações que precisam se adequar às exigências do mercado da mesma forma em que valorizam e promovem a participação e o desenvolvimento de seus cooperados, as cooperativas agropecuárias necessitariam de um corpo técnico que articulasse o duplo foco de sua gestão e se encarregasse de executar ações de promoção socioeconômica. A pesquisa foi um estudo de caso, de características exploratório-descritivas, realizada na Cooperativa Agropecuária de Patrocínio, na região do Alto Paranaíba de Minas Gerais. Realizaram-se entrevistas com diretores, agentes de ATER, cooperados e representantes dos cooperados no Comitê Educativo e no Conselho de Administração. Evidenciou-se que os agentes de ATER se inserem no contexto de melhorias técnicas e produtivas, ao mesmo tempo em que contribuem com o processo comunicacional e representativo estabelecido entre organização cooperativa e produtores rurais cooperados. Também eles participam da execução de ações de educação cooperativista buscando a fidelização dos cooperados, promovendo seu desenvolvimento econômico e qualidade de vida. Conclui-se que se pode definir uma ATER Cooperativa que integra atividades voltadas para oferecer orientações aos cooperados no que diz respeito à melhoria no resultado de seu trabalho e condições de vida no meio rural, complementando-se também com ações de educação cooperativista que promovam a participação social e econômica dos cooperados de maneira consciente e ativa, contribuindo para uma mais eficiente articulação econômica e social entre cooperados e sua cooperativa.

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Akman, Geraldine. „Both sides now : gender relations in credit and agriculture cooperatives in rural Haiti“. Thesis, McGill University, 1992. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=39563.

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This dissertation applies the theoretical perspective of gender relations and develops methods to understand and analyze the movement of women from the center of social systems to its margins when these systems are undergoing rapid socio-economic and political change. This research responded to the pressing need for the application of newer, more appropriate theoretical and methodological perspectives to examine shifting power relations between women and men in areas undergoing transformation. In the case study, I investigate the locus of power in a system of cooperatives in the Departement du Nord, Haiti and discover how and why female members are being relegated to the periphery of this development programme. I find that a system of gender-based social power is causing unequal opportunities and oppressive power relations for female members in the cooperatives. I analyze how and why this system of social power causes conflict when the interests of female and male members differ in the cooperatives and I explore strategies for change. This dissertation also contributes to a greater understanding of the power dynamics which exist when one group holds different preferences and practices to the dominant group whose framework is the one considered acceptable in the society.

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Pelegrini, Marcelo Aparecido. „A regulação das cooperativas de eletrificação rural“. Universidade de São Paulo, 2003. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3143/tde-14082009-183056/.

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As cooperativas de eletrificação rural são agentes que sempre estiveram à margem do setor elétrico e que agora devem se regularizar, adaptando-se aos condicionantes do serviço público de energia elétrica decorrentes da Lei de Concessões de 1995. Este trabalho faz a avaliação do aparato de regulação das atividades das cooperativas de eletrificação rural brasileiras e da política pública de regularização aplicada em São Paulo. O foco da avaliação é o cidadão rural, o cidadão que consome energia elétrica, e o cidadão que está ainda excluído do acesso ao serviço de eletricidade. A interpretação do problema e o estudo do processo de regularização levaram à constatação da existência de uma situação de impasse. Demonstra-se a tese de que a atitude do órgão regulador perante a tarefa que a lei lhe impõe cria um paradoxo em que as cooperativas são deixadas fora do alcance da regulação, com prejuízo maior para o cidadão que mora em sua área de atuação. Em particular, no momento em que todo brasileiro acaba de ganhar a garantia do seu direito de acesso à eletricidade, o cidadão que mora na área das cooperativas não tem a proteção do Estado para fazer valer esse seu direito. O trabalho oferece uma proposta acadêmica de alternativa de saída para esse impasse institucional, baseada na busca do equilíbrio entre os agentes.
The rural electric cooperatives are agents who have always been on the edge of the electric sector. Now, they must be regularized to the new rules of the electric energy public service established by the 1995 Concessions Law. This work provides an evaluation of the Brazilian rural electric cooperatives regulation apparatus and the regularization public policy applied in São Paulo. The evaluation focus is the rural citizen, the electric energy consumer and the citizens who have been excluded from this public service. The interpretation of the problem and the study of the regularization process has led to the evidence that the situation reached an impasse. The thesis is that the attitude of regulatory agencies create a paradox where the cooperatives are not covered by the regulation policies with damage to citizens in these areas. Particularly, given that the Brazilian citizens have won the right of electricity access, the citizen who lives in the cooperative area have no protection by State to do this right effective. This work offers an academic proposal to break this institutional impasse, based on the search of the agents equilibrium.

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Liu, Zhuojun, und 劉卓君. „Institutional change in urbanizing China : a case study of rural shareholding cooperatives in Guangzhou“. Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/211137.

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China’s economic reform has not only led to the rapid growth of cities, but also to the dramatic transformation of villages. To fulfill the demand for land and other resources, the state expropriates rural land and the villagers attached to the land are turned into urban residents. Villagers’ committees, the governing body of the village, are also restructured in response to urbanization. For a long period of time, villagers and villagers’ committees have been deemed to be in a weaker position, suffering from the exploitation by the state and a lack of sufficient social welfare. The literature has suggested that the development of modern cities will result in the demise of peasantry and rural collectives. Is this true in Southern China? As a set of new institutional arrangements, the rural shareholding cooperative (RSC) was created in the 1980s that appeared to have reassembled the power and interests of individual farmers and restored the importance of collective actions in the countryside. Using Guangzhou as a case study, this research attempts to find out what role the RSC plays in China’s urbanization. To achieve this goal, quantitative data were collected from national and local governmental departments to illustrate the “big picture” of rural development and shareholding reform in Guangzhou. Qualitative data were obtained from interviews with government officials, rural cadres and villagers, and from fieldwork conducted in representative towns and villages. This study also examines the roles of RSC in three aspects: rural governance, land development and welfare provision. Rural governance mainly refers to the impacts of administrative restructuring, village election and kinship. Land development focuses on the retained land policy, rural land use planning and “Three Oldies (old city, old factory and old village)” redevelopment. In terms of welfare provision, rentier issues, conflicts on shareholdership and rural taxation have also been investigated. The results of spatial analyses and quantitative analyses show that shareholding reform normally took place in economically developed villages situated in locations that were close to the city center. Analyses on rural governance show that RSC has remodeled the interactions of state, cadres and villagers. The powers of these parties have become more balanced now. RSC can also promote physical urbanization in the countryside via profitable development projects and new arrangements on rural planning and land property rights. Moreover, the RSC can facilitate villagers to acquire labor skills, a sense of social equity and awareness as taxpayers. This study has updated the empirical works on institutional change in rural southern China. More importantly, it has examined the new roles of rural collective organizations and contributed to the theories on collectivization in the post-reform era, which have been largely ignored by previous research. Findings of this study imply that the RSC is playing a critical part in China’s urbanization process. As an emerging form of rural collective, it can facilitate rural-urban transformation or even achieve unprecedented integration of Chinese villages and cities.
published_or_final_version
Urban Planning and Design
Doctoral
Doctor of Philosophy

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Rhash, Ray E. „The Influence of Performance Management on Profitability and Employee Turnover of Rural Electric Cooperatives“. Thesis, Saint Leo University, 2019. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=13812885.

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The cooperative industry plays a significant role in the delivery of electricity and new technology to rural America. The impact of rural electric cooperatives on the American economy is significant through the employment of 72,000 workers and returning $800 million in margins to members annually. The absence of literature regarding performance management among rural electric cooperatives in the United States is evident. This quantitative study examined three aspects of performance management and whether or not they enhance the financial performance of a rural electric cooperative and reduce employee turnover. The sample included the entire National Rural Electric Cooperative Association’s (NRECA) entire database of 831 rural electric cooperatives across America. Data from this sample revealed a surprisingly significant relationship between performance evaluations and increased employee turnover. Data analysis revealed no significant findings between the performance management system and pre-employment selection measures and financial performance. Research showing an increase in employee turnover related to employee evaluations among cooperatives may play a role in the decision to implement an employee evaluation process or not.

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au, firoze@murdoch edu, und Firoze Ahmed Siddiqui. „Linking Innovation and Local Uptake in Rural Development Potential for Renewable Energy Cooperatives In Bangladesh“. Murdoch University, 2003. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20040503.145111.

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In Bangladesh, as elsewhere in the world, energy both commercial and noncommercial, serves as a major vehicle for development. In the last three decades, lopsided development efforts, without proper concern for the environment and productivity level of natural resources have created significant problems for development sustainability in Bangladesh. The energy sector faces deep crisis in meeting increasing energy demands for development of agriculture, industry, transportation and other sectors of economy. The country is heavily dependent on import of commercial fossil fuel energy, petroleum, petroleum products and coal. Such dependency makes Bangladesh economy more vulnerable to external price shocks in the international energy market. Non-commercial energy plays a dominant role in overall energy consumption in Bangladesh. Use of non commercial energy constitutes about two-thirds of the countrys total energy balance and is almost entirely supplied from the already overstressed biomass resources of the country. The population size and the vast majority living in rural areas have created immense pressure on the countrys biomass resources resulting in massive deforestation, decline of soil fertility and reduced productivity of agriculture. Desperate access to resources, particularly in rural areas is also causing uneven development of the rural population in Bangladesh. The development of the energy sector is a time bound issue and demands proper and timely attention. For Bangladesh, substitution of current biomass energy use with iv sustainable energy sources and their effective management is therefore critically important to sustain its overall development. There is ample scope for introducing energy efficient technologies and energy conservation measures in commercial and non-commercial energy use in Bangladesh. Effective and realistic energy planning and policy formulation is therefore crucially important for sustainable development in Bangladesh. The thesis explores the possibility of introducing an alternate approach to rural energy development through a series of case studies on selected technologies viz. biogas and improved efficiency cook stoves technology projects in the public sector and Grameen Shaktis renewable energy programme in the private sector. Application of village energy supply system based on renewable energy technologies utilising abundantly available renewable resources of the country and already well in place technologies such as solar PV, bio digesters and energy storage batteries will be trailed within a framework that works with the participation of the (rural/village) community in running and managing energy supply in the villages. Introduction of a community based energy supply system Rural Energy Cooperative (REC) has been examined as a model for rural energy development, targeting economic, environmental and community development at the same time, which forms together the necessary foundation for sustainable development in (rural) Bangladesh, as well as in other parts of the developing world.

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Siddiqui, Firoze Ahmed. „Linking innovation and local uptake in rural development: potential for renewable energy cooperatives in Bangladesh“. Thesis, Siddiqui, Firoze Ahmed (2003) Linking innovation and local uptake in rural development: potential for renewable energy cooperatives in Bangladesh. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2003. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/310/.

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In Bangladesh, as elsewhere in the world, energy both commercial and noncommercial, serves as a major vehicle for development. In the last three decades, lopsided development efforts, without proper concern for the environment and productivity level of natural resources have created significant problems for development sustainability in Bangladesh. The energy sector faces deep crisis in meeting increasing energy demands for development of agriculture, industry, transportation and other sectors of economy. The country is heavily dependent on import of commercial fossil fuel energy, petroleum, petroleum products and coal. Such dependency makes Bangladesh economy more vulnerable to external price shocks in the international energy market. Non-commercial energy plays a dominant role in overall energy consumption in Bangladesh. Use of non commercial energy constitutes about two-thirds of the country's total energy balance and is almost entirely supplied from the already overstressed biomass resources of the country. The population size and the vast majority living in rural areas have created immense pressure on the country's biomass resources resulting in massive deforestation, decline of soil fertility and reduced productivity of agriculture. Desperate access to resources, particularly in rural areas is also causing uneven development of the rural population in Bangladesh. The development of the energy sector is a time bound issue and demands proper and timely attention. For Bangladesh, substitution of current biomass energy use with iv sustainable energy sources and their effective management is therefore critically important to sustain its overall development. There is ample scope for introducing energy efficient technologies and energy conservation measures in commercial and non-commercial energy use in Bangladesh. Effective and realistic energy planning and policy formulation is therefore crucially important for sustainable development in Bangladesh. The thesis explores the possibility of introducing an alternate approach to rural energy development through a series of case studies on selected technologies viz. biogas and improved efficiency cook stoves technology projects in the public sector and Grameen Shakti's renewable energy programme in the private sector. Application of village energy supply system based on renewable energy technologies utilising abundantly available renewable resources of the country and already well in place technologies such as solar PV, bio digesters and energy storage batteries will be trailed within a framework that works with the participation of the (rural/village) community in running and managing energy supply in the villages. Introduction of a community based energy supply system Rural Energy Cooperative (REC) has been examined as a model for rural energy development, targeting economic, environmental and community development at the same time, which forms together the necessary foundation for sustainable development in (rural) Bangladesh, as well as in other parts of the developing world.

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Siddiqui, Firoze Ahmed. „Linking innovation and local uptake in rural development : potential for renewable energy cooperatives in Bangladesh /“. Siddiqui, Firoze Ahmed (2003) Linking innovation and local uptake in rural development: potential for renewable energy cooperatives in Bangladesh. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2003. http://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/310/.

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In Bangladesh, as elsewhere in the world, energy both commercial and noncommercial, serves as a major vehicle for development. In the last three decades, lopsided development efforts, without proper concern for the environment and productivity level of natural resources have created significant problems for development sustainability in Bangladesh. The energy sector faces deep crisis in meeting increasing energy demands for development of agriculture, industry, transportation and other sectors of economy. The country is heavily dependent on import of commercial fossil fuel energy, petroleum, petroleum products and coal. Such dependency makes Bangladesh economy more vulnerable to external price shocks in the international energy market. Non-commercial energy plays a dominant role in overall energy consumption in Bangladesh. Use of non commercial energy constitutes about two-thirds of the country's total energy balance and is almost entirely supplied from the already overstressed biomass resources of the country. The population size and the vast majority living in rural areas have created immense pressure on the country's biomass resources resulting in massive deforestation, decline of soil fertility and reduced productivity of agriculture. Desperate access to resources, particularly in rural areas is also causing uneven development of the rural population in Bangladesh. The development of the energy sector is a time bound issue and demands proper and timely attention. For Bangladesh, substitution of current biomass energy use with iv sustainable energy sources and their effective management is therefore critically important to sustain its overall development. There is ample scope for introducing energy efficient technologies and energy conservation measures in commercial and non-commercial energy use in Bangladesh. Effective and realistic energy planning and policy formulation is therefore crucially important for sustainable development in Bangladesh. The thesis explores the possibility of introducing an alternate approach to rural energy development through a series of case studies on selected technologies viz. biogas and improved efficiency cook stoves technology projects in the public sector and Grameen Shakti's renewable energy programme in the private sector. Application of village energy supply system based on renewable energy technologies utilising abundantly available renewable resources of the country and already well in place technologies such as solar PV, bio digesters and energy storage batteries will be trailed within a framework that works with the participation of the (rural/village) community in running and managing energy supply in the villages. Introduction of a community based energy supply system Rural Energy Cooperative (REC) has been examined as a model for rural energy development, targeting economic, environmental and community development at the same time, which forms together the necessary foundation for sustainable development in (rural) Bangladesh, as well as in other parts of the developing world.

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Ying, Li. „Renovation of vernacular architecture in rural China“. Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/406043.

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With the rapid progress of urbanization in China, a lot of villages face serious brain-drain. A serious problem of culture deterioration arises except in a few traditional villages. Most newly built rural homes are weak and unsafe due to a lack of professional support and building codes. Many large-scale rural reconstruction projects initiated by the government fail because of corruption and irresponsibility. The rural residents suffer from the lack of infrastructure and the quality of their homes. Presently, there are a few grassroots, activists, architects, architectural critics, media and NGOs working for the renovation of Chinese vernacular architecture and rural settlement. Their works include architectural writing, installation artworks and projects in rural areas. This paper is an attempt to propose sustainable approaches and alternative patterns to settle grounds for Chinese contemporary rural construction, regarding architecture, decorative arts, construction systems and user's organization for promotion, by investigating, analyzing and comparing theories and some represented samples of traditional villages, renovation projects and installation artworks from the standpoints of technology, sociology, politics, art, philosophy, history and sustainability.
Con el rápido progreso de la urbanización en China, muchas aldeas se enfrentan a una seria fuga de cerebros. Existe un grave problema de deterioro de la cultura, excepto en algunas aldeas tradicionales. La mayoría de los hogares rurales de nueva construcción son frágiles e inseguros debido a la falta de apoyo profesional y códigos de construcción. Muchos proyectos de reconstrucción rural a gran escala iniciados por el gobierno fracasan debido a la corrupción y a la irresponsabilidad. Los residentes rurales sufren de la falta de infraestructuras y la baja calidad de sus hogares. En la actualidad, hay unas pocas personas de base, activistas, arquitectos, críticos arquitectónicos, medios de comunicación y ONGs que trabajan para la renovación de la arquitectura vernácula china y los asentamientos rurales. Sus obras incluyen teoría y crítica arquitectónica, instalaciones artísticas y proyectos en zonas rurales. Este trabajo es un intento de proponer enfoques sostenibles y modelos alternativos para sentar las bases de la construcción rural contemporánea china, con respecto a la arquitectura, las artes decorativas, los sistemas constructivos y la organización de los usuarios para la promoción. La investigación analiza y compara teorías y muestras representativas de aldeas tradicionales, Proyectos de renovación e instalaciones artísticas desde los puntos de vista de la tecnología, la sociología, la política, el arte, la filosofía, la historia y la sostenibilidad.

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Pellegrini, Francesco. „Empirical analysis of the lending decisions of Chinese formal financial institutions in rural areas“. Master's thesis, NSBE - UNL, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/9612.

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A Work Project, presented as part of the requirements for the Award of a Masters Degree in Finance from the NOVA – School of Business and Economics
This empirical research is aimed to analyze the development of microfinance principles in the lending decisions of the two Chinese formal rural institutions, namely the commercial banks and credit cooperatives. For this reason, it is tested if loan purposes are oriented towards social goals, and if the guarantee requirements for the farmers are too strict. The regression results show that this implementation is only partial. Farmers have to provide too strong guarantees that they cannot afford, and this does not allow the great majority of them to get access to the credit.

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Tauatsoala, Mahlola Michael. „The economic impact of agricultural co-operatives on women in the rural areas of Polokwane Municipality“. Thesis, University of Limpopo (Turfloop Campus), 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/500.

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Thesis (M.Dev.) --University of Limpopo, 2011
The introduction and establishment of co-operatives by the State was for purposes of fighting and alleviating poverty through creating jobs, particularly in the rural areas,which were mostly neglected by the previous apartheid State. In order to deal with these social ills and malady, the new democratic government introduced cooperatives to mitigate these challenges. These good intensions are often countered by lack of commitment by State officials and reluctance from other institutions to assist co-operatives to be catalysts in fighting poverty and unemployment in South Africa, despite their noble intentions. In other developed countries, co-operatives are given serious attention, not only because they are catalysts in poverty alleviation, but because they can make huge economic interventions with regard to economic growth and economic development. The intention of this study was to make an assessment of whether or not agricultural co-operatives have any economic impact on women in the rural areas of Polokwane Municipality, since their inception as entities for local economic development. The study also assesses whether or not the State supports these entities in a variety of forms. For this purpose, four co-operatives have been used as a Case Study,namely, Mashashane Agricultural Co-operative at Ga-Mashashane; Phegelelo Agricultural Co-operative at Ga-Thaba village; Mothiba Agricultural Co-operative at Ga-Mothiba; and Itireleng Agricultural Co-operative at Matamanyane village in Moletjie

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Sousa, Diego Neves de. „A comunicação na articulação agroindustrial no modelo federado de cooperativas“. Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 2011. http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/4144.

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Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais
The federated model of cooperatives requires an appropriate way to structure the information flows. The Single Cooperative operates in the process of organizing production, while the Central Cooperative care of industrialization and management of the products, brands and markets. Thus, communication plays an essential role in the articulation of different levels of the organization to act jointly and not competing for resources or face directly, taking the competitive potential of vertical integration cooperative. In this context, the objective of the study is to analyze the communication in the agribusiness articulation between Itambé and its Singles Cooperatives. Methodologically the research is exploratory-descriptive using a case study, supported by the interview technique. Among the results, it was noticed that there are certain criticisms concerning the functioning of the current federated model of cooperatives, however, recognize the benefits and guarantees. With regard to communication with the producer in the Itambé is still young, with growth prospects and challenges as the work focuses on low-level channels of wealth. The face to face contact (channel rich) through technical, would be the best means of communication that allow information exchange and would need to be better optimized by the Central Cooperative. The communication in cooperatives is poorly developed. The data reveal that there hasn t been a priority of the administrations of cooperative investment in this area, or have already established the department. The channel usually used by them is the Organization's Membership, in which a better investment would facilitate the communication process in the agro-industrial system, thus promoting greater involvement between the three levels found in the federated model, eliminating the gap, promoting the socialization of members, the improvement of technical services, production and productivity of their members. Thus, we conclude that the survival of the federated model will depend on how this is done through joint communication to understand each process that occurs within the system, prioritizing the model of "communication with interaction" that enables better feedback of information, because in the cooperative structure allows a more participatory and dialogue among the participants in the process.
O modelo federado de cooperativas requer uma forma adequada de estruturar os fluxos de informação, uma vez que a Cooperativa Singular atua no processo de organização da produção, enquanto a Cooperativa Central cuida da industrialização e da gestão dos produtos, das marcas e dos mercados. Desse modo, a comunicação cumpre um papel essencial na articulação dos diferentes níveis da organização para que atue de forma articulada e não concorra por recursos ou se enfrentem diretamente, tirando a potencialidade competitiva da integração vertical cooperativa. Neste contexto, o objetivo do estudo é analisar a comunicação na articulação agroindustrial entre a Itambé e suas Cooperativas Singulares. Metodologicamente, a pesquisa é exploratório-descritiva utilizando-se de um estudo de caso, com o apoio da técnica de entrevista. Entre os resultados obtidos, percebeu-se que há certas críticas quanto ao funcionamento do atual modelo federado de cooperativas, porém, reconhecem as garantias e vantagens. A comunicação com o produtor na Itambé ainda é uma estratégia recente, com perspectivas de crescimento e desafios, pois foca os trabalhos em canais de baixo nível de riqueza. O contato face a face (canal rico), por meio dos técnicos, seria o meio de comunicação que melhor possibilitaria troca de informações e que precisaria ser mais bem otimizado pela Central. Já a comunicação nas Cooperativas Singulares é deficientemente desenvolvida. Os dados revelam que não tem sido prioridade das administrações das cooperativas o investimento nesta área ou já teriam instituído o departamento. O canal usualmente utilizado por parte delas é a Organização do Quadro Social, na qual um melhor investimento facilitaria o processo de comunicação no sistema agroindustrial, promovendo desta forma maior envolvimento entre os três níveis encontrados no modelo federado, eliminando o distanciamento, promovendo a socialização dos cooperados, a melhoria dos serviços de assistência técnica, de produção e produtividade dos cooperados. Assim, conclui-se que a sobrevivência deste modelo federado dependerá de como se faça essa articulação por meio da comunicação para se entender cada processo que ocorre no interior do sistema, priorizando o modelo de comunicação como interação que melhor permite a retroalimentação da informação, visto que a estrutura cooperativa permite uma relação mais participativa e dialógica entre os partícipes do processo.

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Gömec, Görkem. „Building Rural Development Strategies Through Energy Resilience in Turkey: A Brown Revolution of Biogas and Cooperatives“. Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-209718.

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While the growth of Turkey brings many prosperities, the required energy for this development creates a dependency that goes up to 80% of total energy consumption. In order to have a resilient energy system that adapts to sudden changes in an area where political and social conditions are not stable, Turkey needs a renewable energy source produced by domestic resources. This study shows that the abundant resources in agriculture sector for biomass energy production, especially biogas production, can be that energy source however, this will require a new rural development model that uses cooperatives in its centre. Further research and interviews suggest that, the cooperatives have the capacity, but not all of them have the opportunity and the support to take upon this task.

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Worthen, Holly Cravey Altha J. „Micro-credit and gendered moral economies a case study of micro-credit cooperatives in rural Mexico /“. Chapel Hill, N.C. : University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2007. http://dc.lib.unc.edu/u?/etd,1340.

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Thesis (M.A.)--University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2007.
Title from electronic title page (viewed Apr. 25, 2008). " ... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in the Department of Geography." Discipline: Geography; Department/School: Geography.

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Spinak, Abby (Abby Elaine). „Infrastructure and agency : rural electric cooperatives and the fight for economic democracy in the United States“. Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/87519.

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Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Urban Studies and Planning, 2014.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 267-282).
How do cooperative businesses influence economic and community development in practice? Recent calls for a "new economy" argue that co-ops and other kinds of distributed ownership should be capable of transforming neoliberal market relations into place-based, community-centered, and nonextractive modes of production and exchange. In direct contrast to these hopes about cooperatives, my dissertation on electric cooperatives in the United States shows that there can be little, if any, contradiction between community ownership and neoliberal market-based business practices. Therefore, the history of electric co-ops suggests that co-op advocates should exercise caution in their enthusiasm. My dissertation is a combined historical and qualitative study of a nation-wide network of electric cooperatives that have existed in the United States for nearly 80 years. Through historical research on the conception, funding, and implementation of these cooperatives, I explore how they were designed originally in service of rural industrial development and national growth as a solution to crisis during the precarious years of the Great Depression. Questioning how this orientation restricted these co-ops' abilities to serve as community-focused institutions, I argue that the 1930s was a tipping point in American history when federal investment in rural electrification could have constructed a vast network of local democratic institutions, but didn't. However, in the interest of understanding how electric co-ops can yet be a transformative force for communities, I also conducted case studies of three co-ops where members recently pushed for changes in leadership and agenda. In my case study research, I examine how electric co-ops can in fact be a powerful venue for local democracy and community transformation; for this potential to be realized, though, co-op members must re-envision the co-op not as a single-issue business, but as a community institution in a broader political struggle. In studying these movements, my dissertation highlights the importance of focusing on the quality of democratic practice in co-ops, and ultimately asks whether and under what conditions the electric co-op model is capable of becoming a transformative economic influence.
by Abby Spinak.
Ph. D.

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Sokoli, Olta [Verfasser], und Reiner [Akademischer Betreuer] Doluschitz. „The potential of rural cooperatives development in Albania : challenges and benefits / Olta Sokoli ; Betreuer: Reiner Doluschitz“. Hohenheim : Kommunikations-, Informations- und Medienzentrum der Universität Hohenheim, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1235068641/34.

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Méndez, V. Ernesto. „Traditional shade, rural livelihoods and conservation in small coffee farms and cooperatives of western El Salvador /“. Diss., Digital Dissertations Database. Restricted to UC campuses, 2004. http://uclibs.org/PID/11984.

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Nuhanovic, Ribic Samira. „The Political Economy of Agricultural Cooperatives in Bosnia and Herzegovina: Towards a Sustainable Rural Development Model“. Doctoral thesis, University of Trento, 2015. http://eprints-phd.biblio.unitn.it/1524/1/PhD_dissertation_final_Samira_Nuhanovic_Ribic.pdf.

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Agricultural cooperatives emerge as tools through which individual farmers meet their economic and social needs and they do so in a manner that allows them both to economize on costs and to disperse the risks associated with pursuing these needs individually. They are particularly useful for enhancing economic development of transition countries in which basic market economy infrastructure is either underdeveloped or is altogether missing. However, agricultural cooperatives do not always deliver the desired level of rural development. Although the literature sometimes takes this to mean that the model itself is defective, I argue to the contrary. In this thesis, I propose that it is the evolutionary path of cooperative idea, its implementation in reality and the way in which it interacts with its institutional surroundings that condition the ability of the model to perform. In other words, cooperative idea is not immune to its political and economic context but rather it is molded by it, and sometimes to the point that it no longer resembles its original substance. In line with that, the main objective of this thesis is to look into factors that either stimulate or discourage development and functioning of agricultural cooperatives in a context of post-socialist and post-conflict Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH). In doing so, the thesis adopts a new institutionalist frame of analysis combining it with the insights from the economics of the third sector and the cooperative theory to highlight both the evolutionary nature of cooperative idea as well as its embeddedness in the socio-economic context. The research relied on quantitative and qualitative approaches and gathered data from field work and secondary sources. The main findings can be summarized in the following several points: both formal and informal institutions have shaped the way in which cooperatives are understood and utilized by farmers in BiH; cooperatives in post-socialist and post-conflict settings require legal clarity that not only sets them apart from other types of firms in the market but also from degenerated forms of cooperatives that exist to serve interests of few individuals rather than cooperative members and their communities; when judged by the standards that apply to cooperatives in economically advanced societies, it is safe to state that there are very few true cooperatives in BiH; given the structure of agricultural market and number of farmers, there is a lot of potential in utilizing the cooperative model for purposes of rural development. However, using cooperatives for development purposes requires a basic alignment between the features of institutional environment and cooperative organizational characteristics. If stimulated properly through positive policy changes, cooperatives can exhibit transformative potential that is best reflected in how they empower their patrons as well as contribute to the development of their communities.

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Matías, González Alberto. „Cultura campesina, cambio técnico y medio ambiente en el consejo popular "Cuatro Esquina" de Santa Lucía“. Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Girona, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/398989.

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The research subject comes as a result of the need to implement sustainable practices in agriculture, in order to confront the environmental deterioration. The research aspires to explain the relation between peasant culture, technical change and environment in peasant cooperatives of credit and service belonging to the Popular Council Cuatro Esquinas of Saint Lucia, information combines quantitative and qualitative techniques. As a result, a characterization of the cultural factors that accompanied the technical change highlighting its influences in the environmental evolution of the studied communities during the past forty years was obtained. The problems of the peasant agriculture in Cuba have been studied from different scientific disciplines, with very varied objects, but this is one of the first studies focused on how the culture has influence on the technical decisions of the farmers and the environment
El tema de la investigación surge como resultado de la necesidad de lograr prácticas sostenibles en la agricultura campesina, como vía para enfrentar el deterioro ambiental. Se persigue explicar la relación entre cultura campesina, cambio técnico y medio ambiente en cooperativas campesinas de crédito y servicio pertenecientes al Consejo Popular Cuatro Esquinas de Santa Lucia, del municipio de Cabaiguán, Cuba. La metodología utilizada para recoger información combina técnicas cuantitativas y cualitativas. Como resultado se obtuvo una caracterización de los factores culturales que acompañaron el cambio técnico, destacando sus influencias en la evolución ambiental de las comunidades estudiadas durante los últimos 40 años. La problemática de la agricultura campesina en Cuba ha sido estudiada desde diferentes disciplinas científicas, con muy variados objetos, pero este es uno de los primeros estudios enfocados en cómo la cultura influye en las decisiones técnicas de los agricultores y a su vez en el medio ambiente

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Thomas, Lillian Mariamma. „Women's empowerment in savings and credit cooperatives in rural Nepal, a study of gender and organisational change“. Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/MQ61954.pdf.

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Donovan, Jason A. „Value chain development for addressing rural poverty : asset building by smallholder coffee producers and cooperatives in Nicaragua“. Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 2011. http://eprints.soas.ac.uk/12762/.

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Kwapong, Nana Afranaa. „Making rural services work for the poor“. Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Landwirtschaftlich-Gärtnerische Fakultät, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/16583.

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Ziel der Studie ist, zum besseren Verständnis und zum politischen Diskurs hinsichtlich der Reform des ländlichen Dienstleistungssektors in Uganda beizutragen. Sechs Aufsätze zeigen, wie Reformen im genossenschaftlichen Vermarktungsbereich und innerhalb der landwirtschaftlichen Beratung den Aufbau ländlicher Dienstleistungen unterstützen können, um zur Armutsbekämpfung in Uganda beizutragen. Paper 1 analysiert, warum in manchen Gemeinden ein größeres Angebot an Dienstleistungen zur Reduzierung der Armut beigetragen hat, während dies in anderen Gemeinden nicht erreicht werden konnte. Fallbeispiele zeigen, dass (1) der Zugang zu komplementären Dienstleistungen ländliche Lebensgrundlagen verbessern kann, (2) ein hoher Anteil kommunaler Dienstleistungen teilweise durch kollektive Anstrengungen, Selbsthilfe und Partizipation ersetzt werden kann, und dass (3) öffentl. Ordnung, Sicherheit und Eigentumsrechte unentbehrliche Voraussetzungen zur Verbesserung ländlicher Lebensbedingungen und zur Verbesserung ländlicher Dienstleistungsangebote sind. Paper 2 ist eine Literaturstudie über den Zusammenhang zur genossenschaftlichen Organisation und Armutsbekämpfung. Paper 3 untersucht die Bestimmungsgründe für Resilienz und Untergang des ehemaligen Genossenschaftssystems. Paper 4 analysiert den Wandel des Genossenschaftssystems anhand struktureller Unterschiede zwischen dem alten und neuen System. Fazit: Das ‚Revival des Genossenschaftsgedankens‘ war begleitet von der Implementierung neuer Institutionen, Verbesserung der Fortbildung und Ausweitung politischer Unabhängigkeit sowie finanziell tragfähiger Genossenschaften. Paper 5 u. 6 untersuchen den Beitrag einer der bedeutendsten politischen Reformen im ländlichen Raum des heutigen Ugandas: die Dezentralisierung des Angebotes landwirtschaftlicher Dienstleistungen. Fazit: Die weit verbreitete Einflussnahme auf den politischen Meinungsbildungsprozess schwächt das gute Image des National Agricultural Advisory Services.
The objective of this study is to contribute to the understanding and policy debate on the changing landscape of agricultural rural services reforms in Uganda. My study analyzes service reforms in cooperative marketing and agricultural extension as part of efforts to make rural services work for the poor. Paper 1 presents empirical evidence to the paradox of why over the last two decades in some communities’ service provision has worked to get the poor out of poverty whereas in other communities services have not. I show that efforts to reduce poverty should focus on improving security, property rights, then analyze the capacity for self help and strengthen it with capacity building and improve public service provision. With cooperatives back on the development agenda, I further examine the revival and reform of agricultural cooperatives. The first question is addressed in Paper 2: What are the bases for general claims that the cooperative model has a potential to reduce poverty? Paper 3 addresses a second question: Why did a few agricultural cooperatives survive the crises in the cooperative movement while most other cooperatives had collapsed? Paper 4 examines a third question: How are the reformed cooperatives differently organized, how are they contributing to reducing poverty? The revival of cooperatives has included the introduction of new institutions, capacity building and promoting autonomous financially viable cooperatives. Paper 5 and Paper 6 analyze the impact of decentralization on provision of agricultural extension services. It is evident that widespread political interference is negatively affecting the overall good image of the National Agricultural Advisory Services. The study contribute to answering the questions what mechanisms of service provision have worked, why they have worked whereas others have not and what so far has been the role of political decision makers in the process of governance reform in particular areas of service provision.

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Savi, Aline Roman. „As relações constituídas historicamente entre produtores familiares e cooperativas agropecuárias no RGS : a Cooperativa Regional Sananduva de Carnes e Derivados Ltda“. reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/17260.

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A presença e a importância das cooperativas no Rio Grande do Sul - especialmente as ligadas ao setor produtivo - é consenso entre os estudiosos do tema. Estas organizações foram constituídas por distintos agentes, com, igualmente, objetivos distintos, em múltiplos tempos e locais, apresentando estruturas e funcionamentos diversos. A fim de compreender o rico e pouco estudado universo dos elaboradores e participantes da constituição dessas organizações - no caso, os produtores familiares ligados à Cooperativa de Carnes do município de Sananduva - bem como das formas com que seus associados se relacionam com elas, contemplando, igualmente as mudanças operadas nas próprias Organizações, este trabalho elabora, primeiramente, tipos ideais dos produtores associados. Em segundo momento, examina as transformações operadas na própria Cooperativa, visando estabelecer, a partir destas duas análises, quais são as relações constituídas entre a Organização e seus associados. Conjeturaram-se, como hipóteses fundamentais, que, à medida que os produtores de suínos associados avançam no processo histórico, eles transformam-se, diversificando-se quanto a seu tipo. A cooperativa estudada, por sua vez, consolida um modelo hegemônico, o empresarial, mas mantém laços de dominação pautados na tradição. Verificou-se, comprovando-se as hipóteses apontadas, a presença de dois tipos de produtores: o tradicional e o empresarial, que sustentam uma dominação em relação à Cooperativa (progressivamente burocratizada e empresarial) baseada em uma relação firmada em valores.
The presence and importance of cooperatives within Rio Grande do Sul - especially those that are linked to the productive sector - is consensus among specialists of the topic. These organizations were constituted by different agents, with, likewise, different goals, in multiple times and localities, showing diverse structures and functionings. With the purpose to understand the rich and little-studied universe of people who elaborate and participate in the constitution of those organizations - in this case, the family producers involved to the "Cooperativa Sananduva de Carnes e Derivados Ltda." [a cooperative of meat production] within Sananduva Municipality - as well as the forms by which associates report to them, having in mind, as well, the changes that has been operated in the Organizations, this work elaborates, firstly, ideal types of the associated producers. At a second time, it examines the transformations that were operated inside the Cooperative, attempting to establish, from these two analyses, what are the relationships that were constituted between the Organization and their associates. The fundamental hypotheses that have been conjuctured is that, as long as the associates of swine production go forward in the historic process, they transform themselves, diversifying according to their type. The surveyed cooperative consolidates a hegemonic model, or entrepreneurial, however it keeps links of domination patterned by tradition. It was verified, confirming the mentioned hypotheses, the presence of two types of producers: the traditional and the entrepreneurial in relation to the Cooperative (progressively bureaucratized and entrepreneurial) based on a relation that has been consolidated in values.

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Abrahams, Carl. „Cooperative enterprises as a solution to rural poverty and unemployment case studies of the Heiveld cooperative at Nieuwoudtville in the Northern Cape and Die Berg Vrugteverwerking at Piketberg in the Western Cape Province“. UWC, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/2664.

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Masters in Public Administration - MPA
Historically, the poor have always been socially, politically and economically marginalized in society. The South African Government’s Cooperative Act 2005 presents a promising step in the right direction towards addressing poverty and unemployment in rural areas. The research looks at two case studies and site relevant findings. This study gives a brief introductory account of cooperatives with regard to their history and existence, particularly in South Africa. The research report focuses on two case studies, where the organisational structures and business operations will be examined and compared. Finally the report will draw lessons to indicate the possible social and economic viability of these cooperatives and their place in rural development. Based on the findings and conclusions, a number of recommendations are made on cooperatives in the rural sector. The research utilizes secondary data, such as documents, records, the internet, books and literature on the subject of cooperatives and related aspects of unemployment and poverty, forming a background of cooperatives in the South African rural sector. Primary data takes the form of structured (personal one on one) and semi-structured (group discussion) interviews. The primary and secondary data present the basis for the report findings and conclusions. Where possible, the relevant recommendations are made.

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Fortes, Arlindo Rodrigues. „Actividade vitivinícola e rendimento na Ilha do Fogo em Cabo Verde“. Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/10152.

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Mestrado em Desenvolvimento e Cooperação Internacional
A pobreza em Cabo Verde localiza-se sobretudo no meio rural, onde a agricultura assume a principal actividade económica, proporcionando ganhos reduzidos em virtude da utilização dos sistemas de produção tradicionais. As medidas da política levada a cabo pelo Ministério do Ambiente, do Desenvolvimento Rural, e dos Recursos Marinhos, sublinham a necessidade da criação e diversificação das actividades em meio rural e que possam proporcionar rendimentos aos agricultores. A presente dissertação tem como objectivo principal analisar de que forma o impacto da actividade vitivinícola teve como fonte geradora de rendimento adicional, bem como teve influência na condição de bem-estar dos produtores na ilha do Fogo. Trata-se de um "estudo de caso" cuja problemática assentou na discussão teórica da definição dos conceitos de pobreza, bem-estar, rendimento, cooperativismo e importância da agricultura no desenvolvimento. O trabalho centra a sua atenção nos agricultores das localidades de Chã das Caldeiras, da Achada Grande, Corvo e Relva. Na pesquisa empírica, para além da observação directa, a aplicação de um inquérito por questionário e a realização de entrevistas aos agricultores e outros agentes promotores do desenvolvimento importantes para a análise do tema, foi considerado o método adequado para a obtenção dos dados para aferir o rendimento e os indicadores de bem-estar necessários ao esclarecimento da questão. Os resultados permitem verificar uma participação importante da viticultura no rendimento dos produtores e permite verificar também, que a actividade vitivinícola tem possibilitado um incremento no rendimento e melhoria do nível de bem-estar, minimizando as situações de pobreza.
Poverty in Cape Verde is primarily located in rural areas, where agriculture is the main economic activity, providing reduced revenues due to of traditional production systems. The policy measures taken by the Ministry of Environment, Rural Development and Marine Resources, underlines the need for creation and diversification of activities in rural areas to provide income to farmers. The dissertation's main goal is to analyze how the wine-growing impact had as a source of additional income as well as influenced the well-being condition of producers on the island of Fogo. It is a "case study" which theoretical discussion is based on the definitions of poverty, welfare, income, importance of agriculture and cooperative development. This work focuses attention on farmers of the villages of Chã das Caldeiras, and of Achada Grande, Grande, Corvo and Relva. In empirical research the evaluation of well-being, beyond direct observation, application of a survey and interviews with farmers and others promoting development agents important for the analysis of the subject was considered the appropriate method to obtain data to measure income and well-being indicators, needed to clarify the issue. The results show an important part of wine-growing in producer's income and also allow checking that wine-growing has allowed an increase in producer?s income and an improvement of well-being, minimizing poverty.

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Tshunungwa, Bongiwe Gcotyelwa. „The role of agricultural cooperatives in developing previously disadvantaged black rural communities in the Eastern Cape province since 2005 : the case study of Cannon Farm in Queenstown“. Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020795.

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The purpose of this study is to investigate the role played by agricultural cooperatives in developing the rural areas of the Eastern Cape Province. It also looks at the contributions by Government in promoting the establishment and the success of these cooperatives. The focus area was Cannon Farm in the Chris Hani District Municipality, where most of the people live below the poverty line, but have started agricultural cooperatives with the aim of eradicating poverty and developing their communities. The data for this research was gathered through group discussions and face-to-face interviews which were guided by a questionnaire. A document analysis was also conducted to fulfill all the research objectives. It has been found that agricultural cooperatives, as compared to any other type of cooperatives, are a major tool to eradicate poverty and bring economic development to rural communities. This is made possible not only by the full commitment and determination of cooperative members, but also by government which has also committed itself to providing a supportive legal environment for cooperatives (Cooperative Act No. 14 of 2005). The findings also show that, due to the challenges they are currently facing, agricultural cooperatives in the Eastern Cape Province have not yet reached their full potential. Therefore, it has been recommended that, such challenges need to be urgently addressed. As the United Nations (2001) highlights, agricultural cooperatives present themselves as an important element that can contribute to the realization of the Millennium Development Goals by 2015.

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LEITÃO, José Marcelo Gonçalves. „Estudo do posicionamento estratégico das cooperativas agropecuárias de leite do Agreste pernambucano“. Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, 2010. http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/4556.

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Submitted by (edna.saturno@ufrpe.br) on 2016-05-31T14:40:37Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Jose Marcelo Goncalves Leitao.pdf: 1105247 bytes, checksum: ea17ba11d52b7ac760deeab07b5e1e2d (MD5)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-05-31T14:40:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Jose Marcelo Goncalves Leitao.pdf: 1105247 bytes, checksum: ea17ba11d52b7ac760deeab07b5e1e2d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-05-31
The production of dairy products is a key economic supporters of rural region in Pernambucano where Ipanema Valley and Ipojuca Valley concentrate 53% of the total of produced milk in the state. In the current economic market of dairy products, cooperatives, as well as companies in general, need to develop new business models in order to reach an administrative direction of its executives and associates to grow and to develop. Therefore, the adoption of strategies enhancing the standards of competitiveness, as well as administrative and management competence are needed to achieve a better market position and compete on equal terms with companies. This research studied the Competitive Positioning of the three cooperatives in activity in these microregions: COOP ANEMA, COOPLESA and COOPSAL. Thus, this study aims to examine the competitiveness of Milk Agricultural Cooperatives in Central and South Rural regions of Pemambuco, through its competitive factors, identifying their vulnerability and capability in marketing their products facing large buyers and evaluating how economic results interfere with social outcomes. The methodology in this analysis was qualitative, with the use of questionnaires and interviews with presidents, directors and associates of the three cooperatives. With these results we can verify that the cooperatives, besides being located in different microregions they differ in their structures, and in structures and in the commercialization ofthe products. However, they have similarities in relation to partnerships in training members, adoption of generic strategies of focus and leadership in total cost and suffer from high informallity in the sector. Therefore, it is necessary to promote cooperative campaigns with official institutions responsible for inspection and health monitoring for quality assurance of products and also to defme strategies aiming to increase herd productivity, besides training in management tools for their managers.
A produção de leite e derivados constitui um dos principais suportes econômicos do Agreste Pemambucano onde as microrregiões do Vale do Ipanema e Vale do Ipojuca concentram 53% do volume total de leite produzido no Estado. Na atual conjuntura econômica do mercado de leite e derivados, as cooperativas, assim corno as empresas de uma forma geral, precisam desenvolver novos modelos de gestão visando um direcionamento administrativo de seus executivos e associados em busca do seu crescimento e desenvolv.imento. Portanto, a adoção de estratégias valorizando os padrões de competitividade, além de competência administrativa e gerencial, são fundamentais para se conseguir um melhor posicionamento no mercado e competir em condições de igualdade com as empresas. Diante desta realidade, esta pesquisa estudou o Posicionamento Competitivo das três cooperativas em atividade nestas microrregiões: COOP ANEMA, COOPLESA e COOPSAL. Sendo assim, este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar a competitividade das Cooperativas Agropecuárias de Leite nos Agrestes Central e Meridional de Pemambuco, através de seus fatores competitivos, identificando a sua vulnerabilidade e potencialidade na comercialização dos seus produtos diante dos grandes compradores e avaliando como os resultados econômicos interferem nos resultados sociais. A metodologia utilizada nessa análise foi através de pesquisa qualitativa, com utilização de questionários e entrevistas a presidentes, diretores e associados das três cooperativas. O modelo de análise utilizado se baseou na estrutura das cinco forças que interagem com os negócios de uma instituição empresarial/cooperativa. Através dos resultados encontrados pode-se verificar que as cooperativas além de estarem localizadas em microrregiões diferentes apresentam divergências tanto em suas estruturas, quanto na comercialização dos seus produtos principais. Porém, as mesmas possuem convergências em relação às parcerias em capacitação para os associados, adoção das estratégias genéricas de enfoque e liderança no custo total e sofrem com a elevada informalidade no setor. Sendo assim, toma-se necessário que as cooperativas promovam campanhas com órgãos oficiais responsáveis pela inspeção e vigilância sanitária para garantia da qualidade dos produtos, e que defmam estratégias de atuação para os associados, objetivando o aumento da produtividade do rebanho, além de promover treinamentos em ferramentas gerenciais para os seus dirigentes.

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Schubert, Maycon Noremberg. „Análise dos custos de transação nas cooperativas de produção de leite no oeste de Santa Catarina“. reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/54509.

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O debate em torno dos mercados desponta como um tema suis generis na atual fase de desenvolvimento capitalista. A desmistificação da sua abordagem, a partir do olhar neoclássico da economia, vem abrindo espaço para agendas de pesquisa que trazem um olhar mais complexo e menos rígido sobre a realidade socioeconômica das instituições e dos atores, frente ao ponto de vista dos pressupostos e dos cálculos marginalistas. Nessa perspectiva, se inserem a teoria da Nova Economia Institucional e, mais especificamente, a da Economia dos Custos de Transação, enquanto ferramentas de análise profícuas para debater e entender os processos de formação, cooperação e competição dos mercados. No entanto, a fim de avançar na heterodoxia das interpretações, à luz da teoria dos Custos de Transação, é que inserimos a variável da confiança como elemento importante, além de flexibilizar os pressupostos da Racionalidade Limitada e do Oportunismo. Partimos de uma interpretação dos seus fenômenos enquanto variáveis passíveis de serem capturadas e discutidas em um modelo calcado na construção de índices, tendo como ferramenta metodológica a escala de diferencial semântico. Essa perspectiva, de análise institucionalista, foi aplicada para a interpretação da evolução dos mercados de lácteos no Brasil e em vários países, como, por exemplo, no caso do Oeste catarinense, onde a sua abordagem se deu sob as dimensões políticas, tecnológicas e organizacionais. Sobre as investigações empíricas, escolhemos o caso ASCOOPER, no qual as cooperativas de leite vêm mostrando uma organização ímpar de articulação em rede, além de autonomia nos processos de decisão, bem como nas formas de inserção nos mercados, sendo estas diversas e complexas. Percebemos o quanto o comportamento dos atores, as relações de poder e as formas de inserção nos mercados se relacionam com os Custos de Transação, vindo a impactar nos preços pagos e nas estruturas de mercado dessa cadeia produtiva, dentro do universo empírico investigado. Ainda nesse sentido, captamos uma série de correlações entre as variáveis socioeconômicas e os índices criados, os quais demonstraram, principalmente, que o tempo de associação e a concorrência pela matériaprima influenciam de forma significativa nos Custos de Transação. No centro desse debate, abordamos as transações a partir dos contratos, o que nos possibilitou perceber como são as relações nesses mercados, tanto a montante quanto a jusante dessas cooperativas, o que veio a nos dar informações importantes para uma análise mais ampla sobre as suas estruturas de governanças. Concluímos que os Custos de Transação importam, que os contratos e as estruturas de governança, apesar de limitadas sob alguns aspectos dentro do debate do cooperativismo, também são importantes ferramentas de análise das transações. Um olhar mais heterodoxo e institucionalista sobre os mercados contribuiu com a abordagem sobre as novas formas de organização, relações econômicas, consumo e territorialidade, além de se apresentar como uma abordagem inovadora para os estudos sobre o Desenvolvimento Rural. Por fim, chegamos à conclusão de que, por um lado, os mercados de lácteos estão se especializando, se concentrando em alguns elos e se diversificando em outros. Entretanto, por outro lado, demonstram certa margem de manobra às cooperativas a partir de suas regras locais, mas com forte influência de um ambiente externo de competição e volatilidade financeira, vindo a demandar novas formas de organização, produção, consumo e inserção nos mercados.
The debate around the markets emerges as a suis generis theme in the current stage of capitalist development. The demystification of its approach from the neoclassical look on economics has opened space for research agendas that bring a more complex and less rigid look on the socioeconomic reality of the institutions and actors facing the point of view of the marginalist assumptions and calculations. In this perspective, it is encompassed the New Institutional Economics theory and, more specifically, the Transaction Costs Economics theory, as useful analysis tools to discuss and understand the processes of formation, cooperation and competition in the markets. However, in order to advance in the heterodoxy of interpretations, in the light of the Transaction Costs theory, we entered the trust variable as an important element in addition to flexibilizing the assumptions of Bounded Rationality and Opportunism. We start with an interpretation of its phenomena as variables that can be captured and discussed in a model underpinned by the construction of indexes, having as a methodological tool the semantic differential scale. This perspective of institutionalist analysis was applied to the interpretation of the evolution of dairy markets in Brazil and in several countries, such as in the case of Western Santa Catarina, where its approach was under the political, technological and organizational dimensions. On the empirical research, we chose the ASCOOPER case, in which the milk cooperatives have shown a unique organization of networking articulation, besides autonomy in decision-making, as well as in the ways of entering the markets, which are diverse and complex. We have noticed how the actors’ behavior, power relations and the ways of entering the markets are related to the Transaction Costs, coming to impact on prices paid and the market structures of this productive chain, within the empirical universe researched. Also in this sense, we capture a series of correlations between socioeconomic variables and indexes created, which showed mainly that the association's time and competition for raw materials significantly influence the Transaction Costs. In the center of this debate, we discuss the transactions starting with the contracts which enabled us to understand how the relationships in these markets, both upstream and downstream of these cooperatives, which came to give us important information for a broader analysis on their governances structures. We conclude that Transaction Costs matter, that the contracts and governance structures, although limited in some aspects within the cooperativism debate are also important tools for analyzing transactions. A more heterodox and institutionalist look on the markets contributed to the approach on the new forms of organization, economic relations, consumption and territoriality, besides presenting itself as an innovative approach for the studies on Rural Development. Finally, we come to the conclusion that on the one hand, the milk markets are specializing themselves focusing on a few links and diversifying into others. However, on the other hand, they show some room for maneuver to cooperatives from their local rules, but with strong influence of an external environment of competition and financial volatility coming to demand new forms of organization, production, consumption and market integration.

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Severo, Patrícia Schneider. „Sustentabilidade no setor rural a partir do uso do crédito e de técnicas cooperativas na região sul do Rio Grande do Sul“. Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos, 2014. http://www.repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/4281.

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Este estudo tem como objetivo analisar a contribuição do crédito rural às entidades rurais de pequeno porte situadas na região sul do Rio Grande do Sul, a partir do uso de recursos e de técnicas cooperativas no contexto da sustentabilidade. Trata-se de uma pesquisa aplicada, qualitativa-quantitativa, exploratório-descritiva e documental. A amostra é formada por oito agricultores que produzem pêssego, soja, milho e arroz, associados de uma cooperativa de crédito e tomadores de recursos financeiros junto ao Programa Nacional de Fortalecimento da Agricultura Familiar - PRONAF Custeio Agrícola. Objetivando apresentar a situação econômica e financeira desses pequenos empreendimentos rurais, fez-se uso do método "Balanço Perguntado", bem como de entrevistas para averiguar acerca de questões sociais e ambientais com estes relacionadas. Os principais resultados evidenciam que após o custeio da safra, 62,50% dos produtores geram aumento no Patrimônio Líquido decorrente do lucro. Os custos (despesas) dos produtos vendidos equivalem, em média, a 73% da receita operacional bruta. A Distribuição do Valor Adicionado é concentrada nos lucros retidos, seguidos por pessoal e encargos. Existe relação de dependência entre os produtores e o crédito PRONAF, uma vez que não são promovidas ações para que o produtor consiga custear sua lavoura com recursos próprios, sendo que o financiamento de crédito custeio com taxas subsidiadas não é suficiente para o sucesso da propriedade rural. As necessidades de cuidados ambientais são de conhecimento dos produtores e o principal problema do homem do campo é a falta de mão de obra e a sucessão familiar. Também cabe destacar a premência de ações governamentais e das próprias instituições financeiras, em especial as Cooperativas de Crédito, em criar incentivos às unidades familiares para desenvolver a contabilização efetiva de suas contas e contribuir para sua independência financeira, bem como de desenvolver programas de educação ambiental e de orientação em relação à sucessão familiar, fatores que podem gerar maior qualidade de vida no campo, com a promoção efetiva da sustentabilidade no setor rural.
This study aims to analyze the contribution of rural credit to rural small entities located in the southern region of Rio Grande do Sul, from the use of resources and cooperative techniques in the context of sustainability. This is an applied quantitative-qualitative, exploratory, descriptive and documentary research. The sample consists of eight farmers producing peaches, soybeans, corn and rice, associated with a credit union and borrowers of funds from the National Program for Strengthening Family Agriculture - PRONAF Agricultural Costs. Aiming to present the economic and financial situation of small rural enterprises, made use of the "Balance Asked" method as well as interviews to ascertain about social and environmental issues related to these topics. The main results show that after the costs of harvest, 62,50% of producers generate an increase in equity arising from the profit. Costs (expenses) of sales amount on average, to 73% of gross revenue. The Value Added Distribution is concentrated in retained earnings, followed by personal and charges. There is dependency relationship between producers and credit PRONAF, since actions are not promoted to the producer can cover your crop with its own funds, and the financing cost of credit at subsidized rates is not sufficient for the success of rural property. The needs for environmental care are aware of the producers and the main problem of the peasant is the lack of manpower and family succession. It is worth mentioning the urgency of government action and the financial institutions, especially credit unions in creating incentives for households to develop effective accounting bills and contribute to their financial independence and to develop environmental education programs and guidance in relation to family succession, factors that can generate higher quality of life in the countryside, with the effective promotion of sustainability in the rural sector.

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Silva, Daliane Rahmeier da. „Agricultura familiar no contexto do cooperativismo em assentamento rural coletivo: o caso da Cooperativa de Produção Agropecuária Vitória“. Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Parana, 2007. http://tede.unioeste.br:8080/tede/handle/tede/2160.

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The accomplishment of the present study aimed at to analyze one in the ways of insert cooperatives to diagnose the viability of the family agriculture through the production cooperatives in a collective establishment. They were defined as hypotheses that the family agriculture is a concept that incorporates a diversity of specific and private situations; and also the cooperative of agricultural production is a form of to maintain and to make possible the family farmer in the field. The results of the case study demonstrated that the collective cooperatives, rendered in the production relationship, in the participation form and distribution, it supplied the base for the development of COPAVI, located in the northwest area of the State of Paraná. In a general way, the accomplishment of the research close to the cooperative behaved for the acceptance of the formulated hypotheses. On the first hypothesis, it was verified that the family agriculture adapts in realities, in that it is pertinent to consider that the analyzed model - the collective cooperatives - under the form of the cooperative of agricultural production, he/she comes as what has better possibilities to accomplish an intensive exploration, could provide larger income to the farmers due to the production volume and of the agroindustrialização built by the cooperative. In relation to the second hypothesis, the study evidenced that the organization and the forms of participation of the cooperative, in a collective atmosphere based in a process of planning of the space and of the actions, it made possible the materialization of productive structures and of support, making possible the permanence of those families in the agriculture. It is worth to stand out, however, that such form of cooperative organization and of optimization of the collective work it is only possible when the families are adapted to the system and they present the same ideal, because all have the same rights and the same economical and social value
A realização do presente estudo objetivou analisar uma das formas de inserção cooperativista para diagnosticar a viabilidade da agricultura familiar através do cooperativismo de produção num assentamento coletivo. Definiram-se como hipóteses que a agricultura familiar é um conceito que incorpora uma diversidade de situações específicas e particulares; e também a cooperativa de produção agropecuária é uma forma de manter e viabilizar o agricultor familiar no campo. Os resultados do estudo de caso demonstraram que o cooperativismo coletivo, concretizado na relação de produção, na forma de participação e distribuição, forneceu a base para o desenvolvimento da COPAVI, localizada na região noroeste do Estado do Paraná. De maneira geral, a realização da pesquisa junto à cooperativa conduziu-se pela aceitação das hipóteses formuladas. Sobre a primeira hipótese, verificou-se que a agricultura familiar se adapta em realidades, em que é pertinente considerar que o modelo analisado - o cooperativismo coletivo - sob a forma da cooperativa de produção agropecuária, apresenta-se como o que tem melhores possibilidades de realizar uma exploração intensiva, podendo proporcionar maior rendimento aos agricultores devido ao volume de produção e da agroindustrialização construída pela cooperativa. Em relação à segunda hipótese, o estudo evidenciou que a organização e as formas de participação da cooperativa, num ambiente coletivo fundamentado num processo de planejamento do espaço e das ações, possibilitou a materialização de estruturas produtivas e de suporte, viabilizando a permanência dessas famílias na agricultura. Vale ressaltar, porém, que tal forma de organização cooperativa e de otimização do trabalho coletivo só é possível quando as famílias se adequam ao sistema e apresentam o mesmo ideal, pois todos têm os mesmos direitos e o mesmo valor econômico e social

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Maio, Ana Maria Dantas de [UNESP]. „A retórica do campo: um estudo sobre a comunicação nas cooperativas de café“. Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/89395.

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A partir das concepções latino-americanas de comunicação rural, avalia os jornais impressos por duas cooperativas brasileiras de cafeicultores: a Cooxupé, localizada no sul de Minas Gerais, e a Coopemar, no interior paulista. Revela o panorama crítico da cafeicultura no país entre 2002 e 2003 e apresenta a origem e o desenvolvimento do movimento cooperativista. Indica as características atuais e aponta tendências e desafios do cooperativismo diante da globalização da economia. Exibe o perfil das lideranças nas cooperativas agropecuárias e questiona sua legitimidade. Fundamenta o procedimento metodológico a ser utilizado na análise de conteúdo qualitativa e quantitativa dos jornais dessas organizações. Descreve e interpreta os resultados obtidos a partir de hipóteses levantadas e vincula esta interpretação aos pressupostos teóricos da comunicação rural, baseados nas idéias de Paulo Freire e Juan Diaz Bordenave. Constata que os jornais de cooperativas abrem espaço para o agricultor manifestar-se como sujeito em uma relação dialógica e aponta que os grandes personagens desses periódicos são a difusão tecnológica e o competitivo mercado global. Predominam nesses veículos de comunicação temáticas macroestruturais, em detrimento das noções de desenvolvimento local, tidas como tendência paradigmática da comunicação rural contemporânea. Cientistas da comunicação alertam que rural não é mais sinônimo de agrícola e vislumbram temáticas mais abrangentes para essa especialidade jornalística.
From Latin-Americans conceptions about rural communication, it analyzes the newspapers printeds by two Brazilians coffee grower's cooperatives: the Cooxupé, localized in South of Minas Gerais State, and the Coopemar, in State of São Paulo, countryside. It shows the hard scene of coffee growing in country between 2002 and 2003 and it presents the origin and development of cooperativist movement. It indicates the real features and it points trends and challenges of cooperativism in globalized economy. It displays the profile of agricultural cooperative leaderships and debates their legitimacy. It establishes the methodologic procedure that will be used in qualitative and quantitative content analysis of this organizations newspapers. It describes and explains the results from hypothesis analysed and it links this interpretation to theorists presuppositions of rural communication, based on Paulo Freire and Juan Diaz Bordenave's thoughts. It evidences that cooperative press creates an opportunity to agriculturist manifest as a subject in dialogic connection and it exposes that the diffusion of technology and the competitive global market are the greats protagonists of theses periodicals. Macrostructural themes predominate in these media, to the detriment of notions about local development, considered as paradigmal tendency of contemporary rural communication. Scientists of communication alert that rural doesn't mean just agricultural anymore. They include more extensive thematics in this journalistic speciality.

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Sithole, Noluthando Victoria. „Gender and development: a study of the impact of selected cooperatives in the Eastern Cape Province“. Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/194.

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In 1994 South Africa took a new direction towards democratic governance. This led to a change of government principles and approaches in leading the country. The people became the centre of the country’s development, resulting in the adoption of people-centred development and people-driven strategies. A special focus highlighted women as in the category which had endured poverty the most in South Africa. The South African government, through its various departments, has a responsibility to improve the lives of South Africans, and the Eastern Cape Provincial Department of Social Development is one of the departments which has committed itself towards changing the lives of women in the community. As a strategy to implement community development, the Provincial Department of Social Development is funding women cooperative programmes. Women cooperatives are a relatively new endeavour to address poverty within the democratic South Africa. The study supports the notion and attempts to show the impact that women have on community development. The researcher began studying the trends and realized that the funds allocated and the funding process of community development programmes by Provincial Department of Social Development is not working towards empowering communities. A purposive sampling method was used to select two women cooperative programmes in the Chris Hani District Municipality to explore the role of women in community development in the current context of democracy and social welfare transformation in South Africa; to explore the impact of gender through women cooperatives on community development and to explore strategies for the empowerment of women through community development intervention. The design of the study is qualitative, exploratory and descriptive in nature. The study also adapted evaluation and gender analysis methods to verify the effectiveness of women programmes. The study recommends that women be empowered with skills, knowledge, resources and opportunities to enable them to be more effective in community development.

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Milani, Renata. „Análise dos problemas de governança em cooperativas de produtores de leite familiares“. reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/172077.

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As cooperativas agrícolas são estruturas econômicas intermediárias que possibilitama criação de condições mais favoráveis de relacionamento com os mercados. Conforme Cook (1995), estas organizações apresentam direitos de propriedade difusos ou vagamente definidos acarretando em dificuldades de gestão e ineficiência econômica.A partir dos aspectos mencionados,esta dissertação propôs-se a analisar e discutir a existência do problema do horizonte e do carona em cooperativas de produtores de leite familiares do Rio Grande do Sul, cooperativas estas com perfil diferenciado das organizações analisadas por Cook (1995) e posteriormente por autores brasileiros. Para tanto, utilizou-se de uma amostra intencional não probabilística onde foram pesquisadas 2 cooperativas de produtores de leite familiares.Foram aplicados 31 roteiros de entrevistas semiestruturadas aos produtores de leite cooperados, funcionários e presidentes das organizações selecionadas para o estudo. As entrevistas foram realizadas no segundo semestre de 2016. Os resultados apontam que os produtores possuem uma visão de curto prazo quanto ao empreendimento, ou seja, os produtores não estão dispostos a assumir riscos na organização e estão mais preocupados com sua propriedade agrícola do que com a organização cooperativa. Com relação às estratégias usadas para minimizar estes problemas, constatou-se que estas se apresentam de maneira diferenciada das estratégias propostas por Cook (1995). Percebeu-se ainda que os respondentes não possuem clara percepção das estratégias que são usadas na organização. Além disso, os cooperados não possuem visão clara de seu papel dentro da organização, esta indefinição gera espaço para ações oportunistas prejudicando a gestão das cooperativas. Pode-se considerar que os problemas oriundos dos direitos de propriedade difusos interferem e podem gerar ineficiências na gestão das organizações cooperativas de produtores de leite familiares no estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Portanto, para a sobrevivência destas organizações é necessário que algumas estratégias sejam adotadase outras intensificadas para minimizar os problemas de governança observados.
Agricultural cooperatives are intermediary economic structures that allow the creation of more favorable conditions of relationship with the markets. According to Cook (1995), these organizations have diffuse or vaguely defined property rights leading to management difficulties and economic inefficiency. From the mentioned aspects, this dissertation proposed to analyze and discuss the existence of the problem of the horizon and the hitch in cooperatives of milk producers familiar in Rio Grande do Sul, cooperatives with a different profile of the organizations analyzed by Cook (1995) and later by Brazilian authors. For this purpose, a non-probabilistic intentional sample was used in which 2 cooperatives of family milk producers were surveyed. Thirty-one semi-structured interview scripts were applied to the cooperative milk producers, officials and presidents of the organizations selected for the study. Interviews were conducted in the second half of 2016. The results indicate that producers have a short-term view of the enterprise, ie producers are not willing to take risks in the organization and are more concerned with their agricultural property than with the cooperative organization. In relation to the strategies used to minimize these problems, these were presented in a different way from the strategies proposed by Cook (1995) It was also noticed that the respondents do not have a clear perception of the strategies that are used in the organization. In addition, cooperatives do not have a clear vision of their role within the organization, this lack of definition generates space for opportunistic actions that undermine the management of cooperatives. It can be considered that problems stemming from diffuse property rights interfere and may lead to inefficiencies in the management of cooperative organizations of milk producers in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. Therefore, for the survival of these organizations it is necessary that some strategies be adopted and others intensified to minimize observed governance problems.

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Гриценко, Олена Іванівна, Елена Ивановна Гриценко und Olena Ivanivna Hrytsenko. „Характерні риси покращання якості обслуговування сільського населення в підприємствами споживчої кооперації“. Thesis, Герда, 2012. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/58577.

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Досліджено характерні риси покращення якості обслуговування сільського населення підприємствами споживчої кооперації.
Investigated the characteristics of improving service quality rural of consumer cooperation enterprises.

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Vellem, Babalwa Faith. „Assessing the role of cooperatives in poverty alleviation in the Eastern Cape: a the case of Amathole district municipality“. Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1007113.

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The study Assess the role of Cooperatives in Poverty Alleviation in the Eastern Cape Case Study of Amathole District Municipality how cooperatives are conducted in the Amathole District Municipality and establishes the perceptions of staff and members of the public about the service rendered by the municipality, and developing the mechanisms that can be used to identify cooperatives activities and how to improve the services rendered by the municipality, and if there are any challenges, they must be resolved. The research was also to look at how the support from government and other government agencies are used to enhance the cooperatives governance. Lastly, the research was to find the best model for cooperative development and what needs to be done to enhance the capacity of the cooperatives. The literature indicates that staff must be equipped with necessary skills; however it is evident that training and development is essential for the members of the cooperative. Questionnaires and interviews were used as a method of collecting data from the respondents. In this study, both qualitative and quantitative methods were used to analyse the data. The research assumption was that cooperative development is a viable tool for economic development of the rural areas. This can help many South Africans and many communities come out of poverty. However, there are limitations that were caused by the inability of government to co-ordinate cooperative development. Despite the role that cooperatives play in South Africa, cooperatives still experience a number of challenges. These challenges are, amongst others, lack of access to finance, lack of access to market, lack of business skills, lack of infrastructural facilities and lack of knowledge about the cooperative. In view of the challenges facing the cooperatives, the government instituted a number of state departments and parastatals for funding and other necessary support. These are DTI, DEDEA (in the Eastern Cape), ECDC, South African Development Agency (SEDA), Department of Labour and municipalities. The objectives of these support institutions are to provide necessary support needed by cooperatives and to ensure that cooperative development is sustainable.

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Pérez, Flávia Ines Carvajal. „AGRICULTURA FAMILIAR SUPERANDO DESAFIOS EM CONTEXTOS CONCORRENCIAIS: Estudo de caso realizado na região Noroeste e Missões do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul“. Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2011. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/8878.

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The family farms and small agroindustry family are of fundamental importance in rural development in Brazil, due to its role in food production and income generation. This study was conducted with the Central Cooperative Family Farming Ltda. - UNICOOPER, along with associated located in the municipalities in the northwest and Missions of the State of Rio Grande do Sul. The Cooperative is highlighted by work being done as a facilitator of commercialization, seeking new markets for the commercialization of alternative products to soybeans from family farms in the region, besides participating in the More Food Program of the Federal Government - PAA for school lunches. This study aimed to analyze the organizational setting in which the network UNICOOPER operates, how it really benefits family farmers and agroindustries who is inserted, and how to overcome the challenges UNICOOPER in competitive contexts with sustainable development. The methodology consists of field research and literature. For data collect was carried out semi-structured interviews with leaders of UNICOOPER, associated cooperatives and actors involved. The configuration with which the Central Cooperative has been working is innovative because it is characterized by a network of cooperatives and cooperatives differs from the traditional form of action, which involves the organization of producers, with the help of technical assistance for the production of differentiated products. Through interviews, it was possible to identify the characteristics of each cooperative, competitive strategies, and factors limiting and potencializantes commercialization, motivating factors for entering the network, challenges and future prospects of the organization. There is evidence that in UNICOOPER, strategies are emerging, and has great competitive strength generic strategy is differentiation. The most a associated cooperatives emerged and is being made possible due to the PAA. The work that has UNICOOPER performs some challenges that need to be overcome for the continuity and viability of the network, such as trained staff, motivated, technical assistance, help in the legalization of agroindustry, management and logistics. The UNICOOPER, along with the associated cooperatives, enables the family farmers, helping organize them to increase production, enabling the commercialization of these products and thus contributing to the permanence of the same field, by generating income for their families.
A agricultura familiar e a pequena agroindústria familiar são de fundamental importância no desenvolvimento rural brasileiro, devido ao seu papel na produção de alimentos e geração de renda. Este estudo foi realizado com a Cooperativa Central da Agricultura Familiar Ltda - UNICOOPER, juntamente com as singulares sediadas nos municípios da região Noroeste e Missões do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul. A Cooperativa se destaca pelo trabalho que vem realizando como facilitadora da comercialização, buscando novos mercados para a comercialização de produtos alternativos à soja oriundos da agricultura familiar da região, além de participar do Programa Mais Alimentos do Governo Federal PAA, para a merenda escolar. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo analisar a configuração organizacional em rede com a qual a UNICOOPER vem atuando, como à mesma realmente beneficia os agricultores e agroindústrias familiares que nela estão inseridos, e como a UNICOOPER supera os desafios em contextos competitivos com desenvolvimento sustentável. A metodologia é constituída por pesquisa de campo e pesquisa bibliográfica. Para a coleta de dados foi realizada entrevista semi-estruturada com dirigentes da UNICOOPER, singulares associadas e atores envolvidos. A configuração com a qual a Cooperativa Central vem atuando é inovadora, pois se caracteriza por uma rede de cooperativas e se diferencia das cooperativas tradicionais pela forma de atuação, que envolve a organização dos produtores, com auxilio da assistência técnica para a produção de produtos diferenciados. Através das entrevistas realizadas, foi possível identificar as características de cada cooperativa, estratégias competitivas, fatores limitantes e potencializantes da comercialização, fatores motivadores de inserção à rede, desafios e perspectivas futuras da organização. Há evidências de que, na UNICOOPER, as estratégias são emergentes, possui grande força competitiva e a estratégia genérica é de diferenciação. A maioria das singulares surgiu e está sendo viabilizadas em função do PAA. O trabalho que a UNICOOPER realiza possui alguns desafios que necessitam ser superados para a continuidade e viabilização da rede, tais como pessoal capacitado, motivado, assistência técnica, auxilio na legalização das agroindústrias, gestão e logística. A UNICOOPER, juntamente com as singulares, viabiliza os agricultores familiares, ajudando na organização dos mesmos para aumentar a produção, viabilizando a comercialização destes produtos e, consequentemente, contribuindo para a permanência dos mesmos no campo, através da geração de renda para suas famílias.

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