Dissertationen zum Thema „Roman de moeurs français – 19e siècle – Thèmes, motifs“
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Nizard, Lucie. „Poétique du désir féminin dans le roman de moeurs français du second XIXe siècle (1857-1914)“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 3, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021PA030078.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe representation of female sexual desire in the novel of manners of the second half of the 19th century raises critical issues – it highlights the paradoxes at play in the second half of the 19th century, torn between contradictory representations of women, as either sexually haunted creatures or virgin mothers ; it informs us about the construction of masculine and feminine gender roles ; it makes us reflect on the scandals, past and present, caused by the desiring female body and the gaze cast upon it ; it interrogates the poetics of this literary genre as well as its claims to objectivity. The ambition of the novels analysed here is a comprehensive account of reality, with a claim to scientific rationality. And yet, when they deal with female desire, they indulge in a form of stylistic veiling that requires the reader to unpack the meaning. The purpose of this thesis was to analyse this veil of words covering female bodies, in order to lay bare the mechanisms behind the mendacity. The socio-critical method makes it possible to show the interactions between the novels and the various social discourses of their time – medical, religious, legal or even pedagogical – and thus to reveal a complex and coherent social imagery of female desire, whose stereotypes the novel both upholds and thwarts. In literary texts, scientific theories morph into poetic material, and double entendre becomes an art. These oblique erotic representations turn the descriptions of female desire into a minefield of innuendo, mostly developed by and for men. Some novels, however, already make room for a female voice and gaze of desire, sometimes even beyond gender
Picaper, Françoise. „L'enfant dans le roman français du XIXe siècle (1850-1914)“. Paris 3, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA030164.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe child imposes his presence in french literature around 1850. Ostentious or reserved, this new character becomes an indissociable actor of the storyline. Progressively the classification by types (the orphan, the battered child, the abandoned child, the schoolboy, the kid. . . ) gives place to descriptions of "individual cases" which draw their inspiration from the writer's own experience. The various aesthetics combine to develop a semiotics giving information about the social consideration of the child during the second part of the nineteenth century ; at the same time, they begin to influence, through the significance they grant to this character, on his condition in life
Neboit-Mombet, Janine. „L'image de la Russie dans le roman français (1859-1900)“. Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002CLF20011.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMonnier, Schaffner Isabelle. „La ville et ses représentations dans le roman américain, 1870-1920“. Paris 3, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA030090.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis dissertation explores the modem city in american novels (1870-1920). Fictional representations of new york, chicago and san francisco are analyzed in contrast to a european model: paris. As the modem city develops in the nineteenth century, both in france and the united states, novelists describe the impact of the city on individual and collective destinies and reflect on the future of humanity in the urban environment. The study focuses on novels by frank norris, theodore dreiser, edith wharton, f. Scott fitzgerald, john dos passes, honore de balzac, emile zola, gustave flaubert and louisferdinand celine. The methodology applies on multiple levels of analysis: involving historical and cultural, socio-economical, philosophical and aesthetic approaches. Capitalism, industrialization and population growth characterize the modem city. Despite similarities between the american megalopolis ' in the making' and paris, literary representations diverge. The american attitude toward the city is complex as it contains european, puritan and agrarian overtones. Conversely, the french perspectives reiterate the myth of paris. The first part analyzes the material aspects of the city and how they affect identity. The second part discusses aesthetics and the treatment of creative energies in the city. Confronted with an increasingly mechanized and alienating city, the future of human creativity and imagination captures the novelists' interest and gives birth to distorted figures
Tison, Guillemette. „L'enfant et l'adolescent dans le roman francais 1876-1890 contribution a une histoire des personnages de roman“. Lille 3, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996LIL30013.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe end of the xixth century saw, in france, a spectacular expansion of the novel/the thesis presented here studies the picture that these novels give of the child, previously neglected in fiction, especially when it was written for adult readers, and defines new patterns of characterization involving a certain number of choices and narrative techniques. These novels embody many stereotypes which express particular social situations but also aim at touching the reader's heart. The period puts a new emphasis on the body, with its activity, its pains, its pleasures. The mental life of the child, too, becomes worthy of interest : inspired by the social sciences, novelists hint at the existence of the unconscious, the child gains in depth and mystery. The social background also helps to define the child character by setting around him limits which he may observe or transgress ; his life is presented as material or moral progress towards maturity. As he is subjected to influences that contribute to his education, the child in novels is confronted with a series of initiation scenes which enable him to discover life and to win his own place in society. A great difference appears among the various types of novel : whereas works for the youthful public and popular stories present a child undergoing little change and easily fitting into society, more demanding novels use the child figure to question established values. The decline, during the period 1876-1890, of a type of hero endowed with every virtue, heralds a psychological and aesthetic crisis which can be seen in contemporary literature and makes a transition to the xxth century novel, where the adolescent figure becomes a vehicle for calling the world into question
Bourdeau, Michèle. „Rome : réalités, images, mythes (de Paul Bourget à Michel Butor)“. Paris 12, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA120013.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleInthe contemporary french novel, rome is the archetypical city of paradox. The authors' treatments of it point out its antagonisms, its uncertainties, its contradictions. In fact, an evocation of time, for them, is a review of centuries past, but also of the present epoch, unification, fascism, because rome reveals itself as a veritable palimp sest on which one can read the city's multifold histories: the past blends constantly, and identifies itself, with the present. City that they ancher in space seems to exist as multiplicity. The portrait of a three-faced city emerges from their works. It's a profile of three more or less well defined universes: antiquity catholicism, modern times. Their analysis prompts one to retain the epithet baroque as one of the city's prime descriptions. For these authors, rome is the city of the baroque age, but especially the city where present and past, the profane and the sacred, beauty and ugliness shadow and light, the capital and the provincial all exist side by side their interpretation of myths suggests two constants: the she-wolf, the association roma amor. Myths that embody decadence replace the representation born of triumphalist legends. In the sense, by the same token, the anagramme becomes phonetic: unfulfille
Guisy, Maryan. „La représentation du monde politique dans le roman au XIXe siècle“. Paris 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA030066.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe realist novel which dominates 19th century literature has set itself the objective of writing the history of social customs and practice. The political world is one of the themes it tackles and this study questions its representation during a period (1815-1914) which is characterized by major institutional instability and many crises. Through the image which is projected of the actors (leaders, opponents, crowds, "public opinion"), of the places, the intrigues, the rituals, the significant historical events (revolutions, affairs) multiple tensions emerge: competition between the novelist and his characters, hesitations between the functions of writer and politician, difficulties in respecting aesthetic presuppositions with the hero’s return to favour, the reintroduction of the "novelistic" format and the use of a mannered style (symbols, metaphors). As regards the "documentary objectivity", it is often damaged by authors who venture "to take sides"
Lekjaa, Farid. „Le personnage velléitaire dans le roman français entre 1850 et 1900“. Paris 3, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA030067.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAround 1850, french novels put great emphasis ou weak-willed characters. Lacking any unity, deprived of any centre and broken-up, these characters were not able to act effectively and in a constructive way. The birth of this kind of character in the middle of the xixth century had a considerable impact on the evolution of the aesthetics of the works of fiction
Lavergne, Elsa de. „La naissance du roman policier français (1865-1915)“. Paris 4, 2007. http://ezproxy.normandie-univ.fr/login?url=http://www.classiques-garnier.com/numerique-bases/garnier?filename=EleMS01.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis study relates the rise of the French detective novel from late Second Empire to the First World War. It springs up in the judicial novels of Emile Gaboriau (1836-1873), the “father of French detective novel” and of his imitators, unrecognized novelists of the Second Empire and the Third Republic. It ends up with the first great cycles of detective adventures in the Belle Epoque, Arsene Lupin’s ones, written by Maurice Leblanc, and Rouletabille’s by Gaston Leroux. First, the research singles out the historical, literary and social factors which favoured the emergence of this genre: the popular press and serial novel development, the public’s rising interest for criminal topics and the evolution of police methods. It shows how appeared and progressively came into practice a new kind of novel, based on the actions of the character of the detective and on the process of piecing together the crime scenario. Second, the study puts the detective novel back in its connections with the contemporary world and emphasizes the wealth of its content. 19th century detective novels possess a realist vocation and tend to be similar to documents about the functioning of institutions and the rules of society. Their themes reveal the fears and the astonishment of the contemporaries who experienced the deep mutations of the industrial and urban civilization as a trauma and wondered about their consequences. Detective novels mirror the fears of a society who faces new dangers, but they either reflect its hopes, based upon the scientific and technical progress
Duc, Thierry. „Le roman populaire français à sujet médiéval de 1830 à 1850“. Paris 4, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA040089.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAfter having been vilified from the renaissance up until the eighteenth century, the middle ages became a choice topic for the romantics. Popular literature took over medieval subjects and, influenced by Walter Scott, by the gothic novel or by texts taken from the "bibliothèque bleue de Troyes" (pedlary literature), offered to its readers a picture of the middle ages quite different from the affected one proposed by the "genre troubadour". Giving form to this rediscovered national past is rendered by redundant form sense elements, true icons that are clues to a codified spatiality and temporaneousness. A reflection on history or a political discourse can occur. Moreover, the craving of the popular novel for manichaeism and hyperbole promotes the creation of a true myth, which responds to a social desire of reappropriation of the origins : the later denunciation of the stereotypes will not affect this myth which still today sends us back to some of our frustrations in a society where the "acceleration of history" makes us suffer a feeling of loss and induces within us the nostalgia of a coherent and stable civilization, ritualized and reassuring
Le, Meur Jegou Monique. „Forme et nature comparées de la caricature dans les romans anglais et français du XIXe siècle“. Paris 3, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA030107.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBué-Proudom, Frédérique. „La table dans tous ses états : thème et figure littéraires à travers le roman du XIXe siècle“. Toulouse 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992TOU20049.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe theme of table and meal both give the opportunity to an original reading of the French nineteenth century novel. Musset, Stendhal, Balzac, Hugo, Flaubert, Zola, Maupassant, Huysmans and Proust depict, through nine works, a century which gave its letters patent to both, the novel genre and middle-class gastronomy. Their study shows the most significant and various aspects of the literary story of that period. From the romantic world-weariness to the Proustian style, through the personal and social expression of the romantic, realistic, naturalistic movements, and the extreme experiment of the decadent movement, the theme of the table seems to be a constant, even if not fundamental, feature, the presence and aspects of which are worth being observed, studied and sometimes deciphered. The main purpose of these nine literary studies consists in suggesting, through a thematic sideway, an expressive reading of the nineteenth century novelistic writing and the vision of a society that novelists perceived with their own sensibility and expressed by their art
Santurenne, Thierry. „L'opéra dans la fiction narrative française de 1850 à 1914“. Paris 4, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA040094.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAs other nineteenth-century cultural works did, opera contributed to enriching writers'imaginative world, concerned about both its artistic and institutional dimension. In the second part of the period, narrative fiction references to the lyrical phenomenon make it the basis of a metaliterary thought in which the prima donna's personality, the way the performance is looked at, the voice rendering are so many themes used by novelists and short story writers to stage their relationship with writing. This support of opera to the self-reflexive meaning of the works adds to their anthropological purpose. Thus, the hints to the lyrical performance provide the writers with an essential tool for exploring the limits of the reality painted in fiction. Narrative fiction resorts to the sung drama as well, symbolizing the unstable equilibrium between the Apollinian and the Dionysiac, to emphasize the threat exerted by the latter on society, incessantly endangered by a devastating cruelty which persuades the myths enriching opera. Finally, its connivance with the socio-political field supplies the novelists with a significant material to the social criticism in which they represent moreover the emergence of a rebellious subjectivity through the consciousness of a spectator from now on more responsive to his own mental representations than to the splendours of the prevailing ideologies
Garcin, Étienne. „Les monstres et le monstrueux dans le roman populaire de 1830 à 1870“. Paris 4, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA040176.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleOne can distinguish two movements within the XIXth century popular novel. Firstly, a body of work similar to the comedy of manners, for example the work of Paul de Kock. Secondly, a set of authors influenced by the gothic novel including Eugene Sue, Frederic Soulié, Alexandre Dumas, Paul Féval and Ponson du Terrail. A study of their works, published between 1830 to 1870, plus those of other authors of lesser importance in this respect, has led to observe that monstrosity is omnipresent in their respective fiction. This notion of monstrosity includes both aesthetics and moral aspects, and is significant enough to entail a study of the narrative of the popular novel and an analysis of the degeneration of romantic idealism. Synthetically the presence of horrific caracters, sordid situations or repugnant elements reveal a loos of the literary nature of literature which, at the same time, paves the way for the realistic and naturalistic novel through experimentation with rudimentary mimesis. Thus, popular literature raises the question of how far one can go in a literature that does away with beauty. Offshoots of the Romantic Movement, adapted to the transformation of the masses into general readers, the popular novel of the period 1830 to 1870 expresses a continual fascination for evil and wickedness at work in a traumatized society and a taste for the superhuman which is strangely reconciled in a defense under the guise of bourgeois moral values. Monsters and monstrosity in the popular novel of this period may well be the point of convergence where XVIIIth century rationalism, implemented in the XIXth century, and the imaginary forms brought about by the more traditional literary forms, are united and in harmony with each other
Guiochet, Sylvie. „Images de l'actrice à la fin du XIXe siècle : des Mémoires d'actrices au roman“. Paris 3, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA030123.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe actress character in painting, photography, press or literature was born from the nineteenth century craze for the theatre. Like the character of nana, the actress is a hazy notion that conveys less reality than a collective imaginary and a representation: the numerous illustrations included will prove this. Two kinds of texts have been used as support: first, those of the "actresses" themselves, memoirs or novels; then,those of more established writers, who recreate the first ones in their own way. From each of them arises a character whose realism essentially rests in its adequacy to the horizon of imaginary, sociological, aesthetic expectations of the years 1880-1900 (which have seen the vogue of an "actress" genre continue with sarah bernhardt as emblematic figure). After a panoramic study of various memoirs, the first part deals with the memoirs and novels of marie colombier. The second part studies the actress in edmond de goncourt's la faustin (1881) and in the goncourt's work which may explain it. The third part attempts to apprehend the evolution of this imaginary and representation in champsaur's dinah samuel (1882 and 1889), in villiers de l'isle adam's eve future (1886) and in rodenbach's bruges la morte (1892). From one text to the other, the actress expresses a physical as well as metaphysical and social evil. The character progressively loses its theatrical specificity and becomes a figure of speech, implying romantic poetics. The last works' symbolism makes the actress a reality to transcend. The novel keeps the questionning power on the "world theatre" of the character, as in p. Louys, proust or claudel's work. Paradoxically, these last images recall those of baudelaire, nerval or hugo, showing beyond the realistic, naturalistic, symbolistic currents, a permanence of the imaginary and poetics
Hayek, Katia. „Folklore, surnaturel et réalité dans quelques romans français et tchèques de la postérité "gothique" au premier XIXe siècle : ètude du lien entre la construction imginaire et l'historicité“. Thesis, Lille 3, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LIL3H053.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleFolklore, supernatural and reality, the combination of these words may surprise, but the confrontation is fruitful. The link between folklore and the supernatural seems, in part, evident in the popular novel of Gothic romance posterity at the beginning of the nineteenth century. Therefore, crossing the borders of the real and the unreal, commonly accepted in fictitious writing included supernatural, invites us to reconsider the category of the fantastic, and its vocation to entertain, in their relation to the vraisemblance. How may the supernatural folklore have something to say about the real and therefore, about human history?The comparative perspective that dominates the study of some popular French and Czech romances, which are inherited of the Gothic romances, emphasizes the functioning of folkloric motifs within the fictional frameworks. Beyond the ornamental and entertaining functions that are usually attributed to them, they crystallize the tensions that exist between the fictional construction and reality. Supporting the authors’ inspirations and their originality, the continuous presence of folklore in these narratives, leads to a reassessment of the generic framework related to the supernatural and reconsideration of the relationship of these fictions to the historicity. These so-called popular works, destined for a public which is claimed to be no less so, also illustrates contemporaneous time. The writing of the supernatural finally conceals more than one subversive discourse: social, political but also intimate and aesthetic
Alaguillaume, Matthias. „Le roman de cape et d'épée d'Alexandre Dumas père“. Paris 4, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA040072.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAs a popular kind of historic novel Alexandre Dumas' cloak and dagger novel emerged between history and stories. After describing the way which le Dumas from history to historic novel, we will show - thanks to the theories of Jacques Rancière and Charles Grivel - how historic matter and literary matter melted into a new genre invented by the writer. Afterwards, we will study the fictional aspect of adventure thanks to the works of Vladimir Jankélévitch. Secondly, we will highlight some key elements of the genre such as characters and places. In so doing we will study the themes and the situations developed by the author and we will try and give a definition of Dumas's novelistic expression. The last part will bring under close scrutiny an aspect of Dumas's creation which has often been neglected by critics, that is the relation between Dumas's writing and cinematographic writing. Analysing Dumas' cloak and dagger novel first as a literary representation essentially based on the ability to show pictures and secondly as the expression of a poetics of movement will enable us to have a better grasp of the creative part underpinning dumasian production. Such a power can be construed as an early cinematographic form or, at least, as an esthetical form half way between literature and cinema
Ripoll, Élodie. „De l'unique au multiple : emplois et fonctions de la couleur dans le roman français (1720-1839)“. Paris, EHESS, 2016. https://janus.bis-sorbonne.fr/login?url=https://doi.org/10.15122/isbn.978-2-406-08304-7.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis project deals with the use and the meaning of colour in literature. Theoretical hypotheses are to be tested in a broad corpus of French novels, from 1720 to 1839, which is a central time for both the history of colour and the history of literature. Newton's Opticks was first translated into French in 1720 and Chevreul's work on the simultaneous contrast was published in 1839. In the meantime, the modern European novel emerged and colour has become an essential part of it. Contemporary scientific, artistic and literary discourses are to be investigated along with various aspects of everyday life in order to reconstruct the status of colour and the part it played in culture at that particular time, as well as the evolutions that occurred. Comparing those results with contemporary novels would not only show similarities and/or differences in the treatment of colour but also help to determine the particularities of the use of colour in literature which does not seem to develop chronologically. A corpus of 50 French novels will be analysed to highlight several aspects of that non-linear evolution such as the colour vocabulary chosen by the authors, the colour symbolism involved in the novels, the tensions between narration and description or literature and painting. This project is based on a transdisciplinary approach, including the works by M. Pastoureau, A. Mollard-Desfour, Berlin and Kay, as well as literary theory, aesthetics, anthropology, linguistics, cultural history, history of science, history of art
Munck, Olivier. „Le peintre dans le roman du XIXème siècle : histoire des rapports de la littérature et de la peinture, de l'homme et du réel“. Paris 4, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA040041.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe painter's figures from balzac to proust compose an original romantic art history showing the relationship between man and reality. Looked on aesthetic effects, this pastiche, from a composition borrowed to la comedie humaine, spreads out a tragedy, firming social, physiological and philosophical principles and causes, rules for the hero as for his art work. The hypothesis relies on the increasing part of painting as essential element in the evolvement of perception and creation. The comparaison between fiction and reality offers a summary of the influences of the pictural expression upon the litterary one, those reciprocal of this peculiar hero, from a fiction to another one, on his own creator, defining the connection between the thing perceived and expressed, the writing and the reader
Kazumori, Hiroko. „Ruines et ruine dans l'oeuvre de Victor Hugo“. Paris 7, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA070092.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIt is undeniable that the ruins occupy a special place in Hugo's imagination, for their recurrence in the writings of Hugo and the variety of their characteristics. Even if the theme of ruins is not entirely new in the history of literature, it has a unique place in the culture of the nineteenth century, which saw spectacles of ruins - destruction of ancient architectures as well as political upheaval and collapses. The ruins in the work of Hugo reflect his view of the century, thoughts on the history, and philosophical reflections on the universal law that creates progress. Far from being a mere decoration, ruins in Hugo are a medium of his ideas - or the ideas themselves constructed as objects. Our study on ruins in Hugo tried to clarify the dynamism between his thought and work, his concept of the world and his own poetic universe. Philosophical thoughts of the writer are never independent of his literary creation, and vice versa, the literature sometimes offers itself as place to thought. The ruins in Hugo's works, never stable, with their indefinite form, are the most suggestive vision of his reflection on the elusive reality. They are no longe pretexts for poetic meditation, but concepts taking on a surprising materiality
Delattre, Alexandra. „A contretemps : le roman catholique français du second XIXe siècle : histoire et poétique“. Thesis, Nice, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016NICE2014.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis dissertation explores the constitution of the Catholic novel as a genre in the second half of the 19th century. It aims to show how Jules Barbey d’Aurevilly, Joris-Karl Huysmans and Léon Bloy were misread, partly because of the success of the genre during the 20th century. The popularity of the 20th-century Catholic novelists such as Claude Mauriac or Georges Bernanos has indeed swept away the difficulties encountered by Catholic writers over the course of this anti-clerical period. This work invetigates the reception of the Catholic novel at that time. It is based on historical researches, especially the study of Christian "bibliographies", Catholic press and edition. This provides a better understanding of Barbey d’Aurevilly, Huysmans and Bloy’s conception of Catholic novel as an original theory of art
Reverzy, Éléonore. „Le romanesque de la mésalliance (1850-1900)“. Paris 4, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA040223.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe fiction of misalliance studies the relationships within the couple in the second XIXth century French literature as well through the huge fictions of Flaubert and Zola as through the writings of les Goncourt, Maupassant and Huysmans, the bourgeois novels, Michelet’s naturalistic hymns, and George Sand's country narrations. Through four axes: art, married daily-life, the sacred and nature, the point of this study is to show the dead-end situation of the relationship between sexes that are not longer complementary but antogonistic. Misalliance basically denotes the ontological dissension between men and women. The woman who used to represent transcendence - aesthetic, religious or natural - is henceforth assimilated to basic substance: she does not urge the man to excel but brings him back to his own grotesque body. The execution of the female character - thus put to death - accomplishes the destructive process engaged by positivism and carried on by the domination of a reducing scientific etiology. It indicates the triumph of a misogyny originated in the middle ages, which is no longer balanced by the exaltation of the lady. This destruction of the woman as a heroine inevitably induces a crisis of the novel, compelled to get entagled in the grotesque way and without sublime dimension anymore
Wang, Hsiu-wen. „L'enfant et l'adolescent dans le roman français (d'Alphonse Daudet à Raymond Radiguet) : contribution à l'étude du personnage romanesque dans l'enseignement du français à Taïwan“. Paris 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA030037.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMost Taiwanese students have difficulty in reading French literature. We choose the childhood and adolescence literature as teaching material in order to teach French in Taiwan. This research is to resolve the following question: how can the teachers in Taiwan apply the childhood and adolescence literature to teach French language and culture? We work on this thesis from two aspects: theory and teaching. First, we study relationship between the time of the writer and his article. Next, we propose a semiotic method to study the children personages' names, their portraits and their narrative functions in the story. In practical way, we recommend teaching activities and suggest a proposal in order to create the literary and intercultural communication between the chosen romances and the Taiwanese students
François-Denève, Corinne. „Les "romans de l'actrice" : 1880-1916 (domaines germanique, anglo-saxon et français)“. Paris 4, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA040188.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn the late nineteenth century and early twentieth century, the actress truly bewitched European novelists. As the female counterpart of the actor and more, the actress acquired a prominent position in the European fiction of the " fin-de-siècle". This "upgrading" first bears testimony to the growing popularity of the theatre, the actor, and, more significantly, the actress, in the society of the time; it also points to the widespread interest shown in fiction for the feminine as a whole. Yet, those socio-historical elements cannot totally account for the numerous actress novels written in the second part of the nineteenth century (we call "actress novel" a narrative into which an actress has a leading part). "Major" writers dealt with the topic (Henry James, Theodor Fontane, Edmond de Goncourt and Heinrich Mann), alongside with minor writers, who achieved a huge popularity in their time, such as Walter Bloem, Gertrude Warden and Florence Marryat. Our research explores the structures of these actress novels (plots, endings), and the contrasting depictions of the actress which they present. Ultimately, the question is what the actress, a character borrowed from drama, brings to the novel. What is the real function of those existing or forged plays inserted in the novel? What can be said of the often tense relationship between the actress and the writer inside the novels themselves ? Beyond the fictional character, is the stage actress (who proves to be an endangered species during the years 1880-1916) a mouthpiece for the novelist's aesthetics? This PhD contains unpublished translations of Skåderspelerskan, a play by Anne-Charlotte Leffler, and of " Henriette oder sie erfüllt als Schauspielerin alle ihre Pflichten ", a German short story of the late eighteenth century
Rabosseau, Sandrine. „La figure de la criminelle dans le roman français (1789-1918)“. Paris 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA030158.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIf there is one reverie pursued by a lot of 19th century writers, it’s the one of a female criminal whose beauty, energy and violence would seduce men, in order to catch them in the toils of an omnipotent and dangerous femininity. 19th century novels distinguish themselves by the portrayal of an astonishing and rich collection of sublime or monstrous female criminals. From 1789 until the beginning of the 20th century, the character of the female criminal concentrates fears, fantasies and projections which differ from one literary movement to another. Because she has transgressed the image of a life-giver, peace-bearer and faithful wife that men have credited her with, the female criminal has aroused curiosity. A complex subject, coming within areas as diverse as justice, medicine and philosophy, crime perpetrated by women is puzzling. This research is aimed at studying the reasons of this literary phenomenon in four main lines. First of all, we will focus on the character of the female criminal in the course of History. The great female criminals of mythology, the Bible, History and newspapers of that time have been a source of inspiration for novelists. We will analyse this intertextuality before arguing that the figure of the female criminal is a poetical oxymoron: a sweet angel, she is also capable of criminal violence. Facing this duality the problem of her representation is posed. Our writers opted for a representation of the character under the influence of the scientific, security and medical discourse. The questions of ethics and aesthetics will be examined in the last section
Obringer, Emmanuelle. „La crise de 1830 et la production romanesque : romanciers secondaires, mineurs, inconnus... de 1928 à 1836“. Paris 4, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA040064.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe study of the secondary novelists from 1828 to 1836 is very illuminating to show the preponderant place acquired by the "romance" just before the advent of the popular novel. As an expression of the crisis of 1830, the richness of the novelistic production is at first remarkable by the importance and the length of the prefaces, "last barrier" before the surge of the "romance". The historical novel is a real laboratory of the novelistic genre, due to the choice of the characters, the structure of conflict, the importance of the familial story (the search or the rejection of the father). Also marked by the central function of the "romance", the "novel of manners" ("roman de moeurs") is a novel concerned by the political, social, and economical actuality, renewing in this way the novelistic archetypes. Otherwise, another category of novels is together attracted by innovation and imitation: the intellectual tendency is here the romantic irony, which, in fact, conducts to the reinforcement of the norm. The end of the studied period is characterized by the emergence of the industrial literature, based on "romance" clichés
Berthelot, Sandrine. „L'esthétique de la dérision dans les romans de la période réaliste en France (1850-1870) : genèse, épanouissement et sens du grotesque“. Paris 4, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA040141.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleHow can we explain the fact that French realistic novels are characterized by their derision ? Shall we state that the mimesis cannot be dissociated from the satire and parody of reality ? As a matter of fact, from reality to writing, we raise the problem of the grotesque that Victor Hugo theorized about in 1827 in the preface to Cromwell that lays the theoretical foundation stone of our research. The grotesque we will endeavour to define in the first part of this thesis refers to a new form of aesthetics that is radically opposed to the classical codes. Our curiosity as been aroused by Gustave Flaubert's novels, that bear the stamp of irony, as well as the systematic reference to the grotesque that the letter writer employs to evoke bourgeois vanity - i. E. Macaire's or Prudhomme's - or human stupidity. The grotesque also refers to farce, a feature of this era, that fascinated Edmond and Jules de Goncourt, though they loathed it. Indeed we have found it interesting to explore this aspect of the grotesque that takes on satirical overtones and sometimes metaphysical ones in novels that claim to be realistic ones. We will then focus on the first novelistic realists, that is some minor writers from the French literary movement Bohemia (e. G. , Henry Murger, Jules Husson a. K. A. Champfleury, and Louis-Edmond Duranty) who dealt with reality derisively. We will eventually discuss the flamboyant grotesque in the mid-nineteenth century novels (1850-1870) by Victor Hugo, Gustave Flaubert, and the Goncourt brothers
Baratin-Lorenzi, Marianne. „Les romans de george sand 1832/1842 : roman et dynamique narrative“. Paris 4, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA040029.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis work intends to show the argumentative value of george sand's novels. It is based on the vehemence of the narrative voice which supposes its argumentative vocation. It is also based on the fact that the ideologists of romanticism recognise an ideology of george sand, without relation to the naive and devaluing image generated by our author's novels. Our study concerns the period 1832-1842, when the author was training to write, according to her own testimony. In front of the failure of an analysis based on the narrative dynamics which would define the novel as an apologue, we tried to regard george sand's novels as parables. The parable supposes the transposition of a rule in the fictitious universe of the novel. Our search supposed a preliminary work, covered in the first chapters : identification of george sand's thought, independent of the various influences that were lent to her; analyze - starting from the theoretical works of the author and the classical poetics - of the criteria likely to account for the novel, apart from the only reference to narrative dynamics. We then started the analysis of the novels of 1832 to 1842, namely indiana, valentine, le secretaire intime, andre, leone leoni, simon, mauprat, le compagnon du tour de france, horace. The analysis of george sand's idealism allowed us to specific the place of reality in her works, always absent and existing only in the idealizing mirror which the novel proposes. A simplified reality is thus proposed, whose fantastic dimension makes it possible to indicate at the same time the dissatisfaction of the character and the possibility he has to progress. This progression appears in the descriptions, the iterative narrations, the dialogued scenes and the pictures which mark out george sand's novels. We thus showed a dynamics, distinct from narratives dynamic, which follows the vehement breath of the narrative voice and which is proposed as the initiative quest of the romantic man: permanent search for an obvious and remote truth which it must carry out in the society
Auditeau, Pascale. „La guerre de 1870 dans la littérature romanesque française (1870-1914)“. Orléans, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005ORLE1059.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleA war does not stop when the treaties are signed between the various belligerents. Its remembrance perdure in collective memory, partly by the means of litterature. The franco-german conflict of 1870-1871 is, for this reason, particularly significant : during and after the war, the novelists seize the subject. A multitude of works is produced from 1870 to the First World War. Many are the authors who reject the french defeats to only describe heroic episodes. Recurrent and stereotyped characters abound in these novels : courageous francs-tireurs, martyred girls, spies working for Prussians, etc. The representation of the German, which was positive before the war, considerably moves : a new hereditary enemy appears. Other novelists, like Maupassant and Zola, choose to adopt a critic point of view. Finally, a minority of authors interpret the war as a religious event : The conflict and the defeat emane from a divine will. As many representations which contributed to fix the memory of the war and to transmit to generations born after 1870
Charentenay, Alice de. „Péril en la demeure. La servante dans le roman français de 1850 à 1900“. Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUL011.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis studies the character of the maid in the French novel. It starts from Lamartine's Geneviève, published in 1850, the first novel to make maids a main character, and ends with Octave Mirbeau's The Diary of a chambermaid, in 1900. It also studies the novels of Goncourt, Zola, Maupassant and a set of short stories. This research uses a mainly sociocritical perspective. After a brief examination of the trajectories of authors in the literary field, it undertakes to reconstitute the discourses that the figure of the servant generates or mobilizes. It focuses on how the fiction could appear as a means of para-sociological investigation. The figure of the servant is first conceived as a way of questioning the modern work relations as well as the relations between classes in a liberal democracy. The servant's place in the patriarchal pattern and the structure of the home, especially in Haussmann's Paris, is then studied. A final chapter considers the domestic as a sexual fantasy steming from erotic literature but reworked to the prefiguration of what will later be conceptualized as the unconscious
Novak-Lechevalier, Agathe. „La théâtralité dans le roman : Stendhal, Balzac“. Paris 3, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA030131.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleTheatricality is frequently mentioned as an effect produced on the reader by the novel. However, the notion remains generally imprecise and consequently hardly operative. A study of theatricality from the perspective of a historical poetics of literary genres is necessary to explain its mode of appearance and its properties in Balzac and Stendhal’s novels. Therefore, this work aims to highlight what the notion meant since Aristotle’s Poetics. We will explain first how the idea of a theatrical effect independent from the dramatic mode appeared in the nineteenth century, and, secondly, why the promotion of the novelistic genre implied a link with drama. This analysis emphasizes a few features operating as theatricality markers, which allows to study how these features, combined together, contribute to produce a theatrical effect in the context of novelistic scenes. It appears that the theatricality effect is based upon the narrative speech which produces the dialogue as on a stage. The variety of the features used by Stendhal or Balzac allows to enlighten the differences that characterize the aesthetics of each novelist. Finally, the adoption of a dramatic pattern by the novel is closely linked to hermeneutic and pragmatic perspectives : by informing the universe represented in the novel, this pattern gives information to the reader about the rules that govern society ; by regulating the connection between the reader and the fiction, it enables to correlate emotional paroxysm with critical distance
Tarouilly, Julie. „Le mythe du forçat dans le roman français du XIXe siècle ou Prométhée désenchaîné“. Thesis, Brest, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012BRES0023.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn a troubled century, ensuing from the upheaval of 1789, the penal colony, place of divide, can be interpreted as a spatial model of doubt, constraint and suffering, of endings and beginnings. Above all, it is the founder of the convict, character of multiple paradoxes, pushing back the limits, motivated by the heat of resurrections of a History in motion, what is the meaning of the emergence, in literature, as an invitation to imagine the unimaginable, of that fallen man, that uncovered culprit, who is not satisfied with any finiteness yet stands for finiteness himself? Halfway through reality and myth, the convict, that man from outside, lit up by the weird light that the extreme place that is the penal colony sheds on him, appears as a necessary character for the setting up of the novel, vindictive hodge-podge of observations and inventions, made of silence and speech. It links, indeed, the development of the notions of difference and quest that are inherent to fictional drama. This being of opposition – in the works of Victor Hugo, Balzac, Paul Féval or else George Sand – imposes himself as a hero. The imagination of the novelist transfigures him and gives him the power of the symbol. As the rebellious Titan of Antiquity, the convict of the 19th century suggests the mythic truth of mankind in search of meaning
Marois, Edith. „La danse comme objet discursif et scriptural dans la première moitié du XIXème siècle“. Tours, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005TOUR2012.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe press and fiction of the XIXth Century represent dance as a manifestation of sociability revealing of individual and social imagination. Balls flourish in rural and fashionable settings alike, as the places where everything is possible, where the signs of nonverbal communication are part of a ritual easily understood by the whole of provincial and Parisian society. The press in Indre et Loire gives information on the occasions and venues of balls. The analysis of official speeches, press articles and mayors's reports show that in spite of a seemingly homogeneous discourse on identity, the festive ways of bourgeois elites differ from those of ordinary people. Police and court records tell of cases of malfunctioning inherent to dance and bring to the fore the ambiguity of ball dancing – a time for merry-making but also for occasional trouble. The study of writings on dance in literary texts, reveals that balls are in fancy and imagination at once places for seduction and conquest, but also places for the elaboration of strategies aiming at the acquisition of a social status. It allows us to a wider understanding of the XIXth Century collective imagination about dance
Chaudré, Anne-Cécile. „La mythologie du vêtement dans l'oeuvre d'Albert Cohen“. Paris 4, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA040238.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis will examine the representation of clothing and the way it is worn in the four novels of Albert Cohen. Solal, Mangeclous, Belle du Seigneur and Les Valeureux make up a complete cycle united by the symbolism of dress. The author has the passion of a great couturier for clothes, and it is as they are dressed that the reader recalls the principal characters in these works. It is thus that the reader feels that he knows them, because the characters and their clothing leave him with an impression of intimacy. Ariane and her sail-like dress flapping in the wind, Solal and his sumptuous dressing gowns, Saltiel and his stockings of dusty rose. In these works, the outfit makes the character, and finally one discovers a garment which is the stuff of heroes. The objective of this thesis is to show that Cohen's entire fictional wardrobe is governed by the principles of symmetry, contrast and hierarchy which amount to a system of mythology. This thesis will study dress in its relationship with words, with language and with literary creation, then as an essential component in the tangled threads which gradually become the fictional community and, finally, for its different symbolic meanings and sentimental destiny. In discovering the rules and original structure, one must demonstrate finally that clothing is one of the fundamental sources for the Cohen dream-world. In the labyrinthine collection which constitutes these four novels, Ariane, a character indisputably passionate about dress, invites one, even by her name, to seize the thread and follow the trail through these works
Cassayre, Luc. „Le système des personnages dans Les voyages extraordinaires de Jules Verne“. Paris 4, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA040307.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe Voyages Extraordinaires by Jules Verne has been studied from the angle of characters. After a categorical classification and an inventory of the different types proposed, the characteristics of each type can be defined altogether with elements derived from individual portraits with re-inforce them. The differents categories and types are unequal and strengthened by the notion of races, some of them being described as inferior. No field can escape from the theories or science and matter or life for which man is an object of study; the form taken by these theories allows for a definition of what can be called Verne's science. Its deals with technology in as much as the scientific discourse must produce technical realizations, solutions to actual problems and as it excludes any suggestion of researching spirit. The danger would be in not caring for this prescription. On the other hand, the scientific discourse is one of revelation or of revealing of knowledge which are pre-existing to the person who states them. Last, the right of some characters to hold a scientific discourse is the sign of the power they wield. All of these components elaborate an ideological apparatus. It is knowledge, its nature and the relationship everyone can have with it, which constitute the connections in the hierarchical character system. On top, the sphere of the hero in which characters coming from valorizing categories are grouped; they express the discourse of science, have an exceptional individual scheme and hold power. Then, second rate characters, in possession of a practical knowledge, and who can be a reference to the world of common sense. Last the sphere of absolute ignorance and savagery. These worlds are not organized as a continuity through which one might progress; on the contrary, you can have access to the upper sphere only exceptionally and thanks to initiatory rites. This system is an unchanging structure which testifies for the author's conservative vision of the world
Gosme, Michel. „Litterature et science dans les romans de zola de 1886 a 1902“. Paris 4, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA040146.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis studies the relationships between fictional narrative and science in the novels written by emile zola between 1886 and 1902. It first underlines the gaps between these two domains, which are known to be worlds apart, and zola's position in relation to this problematic. It notes that the speech of physiology is prominent but as zola's relation to science evolved, the fictional vision expanded in keeping with the dominant theory of positivism and shifted from a study of the body to that of society. The next step is to take stock of the main positive elements with an epistemological outlook : the concept of irreversibility together with that of vitalism seem to be pregnant in zola's conception. After delineating a history of the development of the theme of science in zola's thinking, three fundamental contributions will be dealt with more at length : taine's critical thinking, claude bernard's experimental method and the thesis of heredity which constitutes the backbone of rougon-macquart l'oeuvre is seen as a fundamental novel because it was published at a time when naturalism was in peril : this novel is exemplary because it asserts the necessity of science as a weapon against physiological as well as social degeneracy. The use of science-related discourse by zola is analysed throughout the subsequent novels with special emphasis on the emergence of the regeneration theme and the solutions mentioned by zola to overcome degeneracy. Zola's vitalism increasingly asserts itself until, in docteur pascal, it is associated, in theory, to the redeeming quality of science. In the series of trois villes, our study focuses on the processes of man's liberation, then in quatre evangfles and its utopian time-scheme, on the solutions found, through an experimental story, the product of the author's "romantic scientism"
Bédée, Estelle. „L’Insurrection dans le roman du XIXe siècle : de Prosper Mérimée à Lucien Descaves“. Thesis, Paris 10, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA100163/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleWork builds a corpus around canonical novels devoted to the topic of the insurrection. It is about studying crowds’pictures, insurgents’ portraits, place of the historical referent, as well as the ideological dimension of these texts. The typology study thus brings to reflect on generic questions: historical novel, Romance with thesis, and to a certain extent adventure’s stories. The interactions of the writing with other artistic and media forms of expression make it possible to question on the report with the context, while being also based on the literary history. So the thesis is divided into two parts: the first looks further into the context of the 19th century, in France and abroad, in order to understand the relation with the event and the ideologies of the time, which are found integrated into the fiction. The second concentrates on the writing, (characters, reasons and speech), to try to answer the following question: is the novel of insurrection a kind except for whole? The insurrection as a topic then seems the means of expressing his report in the world, a method of expression at the same time anchored in reality and subjected to a subjective vision which cannot be freed from the ideology; the novel of insurrection becomes then a fragment of the chronicle and an opening on the modern history
Haberl, Hildegard. „Écriture encyclopédique - écriture romanesque : représentations et critique du savoir dans le roman allemand et français de Goethe à Flaubert“. Paris, EHESS, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010EHES0046.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBased on an analysis of two experimental novels of the 19th Century -The Elective Affinities ( 1809) by Johann Wolfgang Goethe and Bouvard et Pécuchet (1880/81) by Gustave Flaubert, this dissertation aims at making a contribution to both existing research on fiction al encyclopaedias and, more largely, to the study of the complex relationships between literature, science and knowledge. The first chapter introduces current theoretical debates on the relationships between literary theory and the history of science. It discusses existing theoretical approaches to encyclopaedic literature at hand as well as their attempts at giving a definition of an encyclopaedic novel. The second chapter traces the social and intellectual history of encyclopaedia from its roots in the baroque era to the late 19th Century. It offers a detailed analyses of a specific discourse that reflected the human strive to collect, order and systematize knowledge. Analysing in detail the reception of Goethe by Flaubert shows that Goethean universalism and his objective writing have strongly influenced the reception of the German writer in the late nineteenth century France. Focusing on the figures of the knowing subject, encyclopaedic spaces, themes and motifs, my analyses of both texts reveals how both authors take similar formal decisions when addressing encyclopaedic issues in the novel. Among the various fields of knowledge that are embraced in both novels, I focus on three areas of knowledge chemistry, education and botany, that embodied the new scientific spirit of the 19th Century, as well as three different forms of reflection on and criticism of the encyclopaedic project
Couture, Maude. „Les romans de l'écrivain-journaliste d'Illusions perdues à Bel-Ami : continuités et ruptures“. Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26093.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGoutaland, Carine. „À table : fonctions et représentations du repas dans la littérature naturaliste“. Thesis, Lyon 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LYO20010.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis work aims at exploring narrative and metaphorical representations of mealtimes in French or French-language naturalistic authors, whether they be considered major or minor, in the last quarter of the 19th century. Though they were certainly not the first to represent characters partaking in a meal, these writers approached the theme of food in a new way, and this was received with some reticence by their contemporaries. Attributing a new status to meals, the number and importance of which in the narrative grew continuously, they underlined the physiological dimension of the act of eating and represented food in its material dimension, to sometimes negative lengths. Rotten foodstuffs and dyspepsia arrived on the literary stage, at a time when gastronomic discourse was singing the praises of the moderate hedonism of the middle-class table. The motif of the meal was an ideological focal point enabling writers to question the dominant alimentary scheme of things. But it was also a field of literary experimentation where the aesthetic choices of the writer were projected and shaped, the writer appearing as an eater engaged in a sometimes harmonious, sometimes indigestible confrontation with reality. The novelistic meal is an image of artistic creation, both a central point of the materialistic project of the representation of reality and a space where naturalism explored and went beyond its own limits
Tengour, Hossein. „La figure du forçat dans le roman français de 1835 a 1925 [de Vautrin a Chéri-Bibi]“. Thesis, Paris 3, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA030167.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIs there such thing as a literary myth about the convict ? Can we say that literature dealing with convicts is a genre or even a sub-genre? These are the two issues we will adress in our thesis. First we give a historical, social and physiological definition of the convict ; the notion of “bassin sémantique” as established by Gilbert Durand, helps us analyse different myths and mythemes, such as the devil, Napoleon or even the superman and this leads us to the conclusion that the convict as a literary myth does exist. Secondly, we use the Bagne de Toulon by Ponson du Terrail as a pattern to discuss the recurrent themes and motives pervading the novels where such a figure appears : penal colony, escape, paternity, pursuit or even revenge. At last ,we consider the way this character is represented in foreign literature and the different forms it has taken since the classical period until to-day, whether it be galley slave, convict or prisoner. We also show that it is also present in other genres such as the theatre or the cinema and that it features prominently in marginal literature : detective novel, science-fiction, western, adventure story, comic strip. Besides, we examine how the accounts of Albert Londres and Henry Charrière contributed to a rebirth of the convict novel for which , as is illustrated by the rewriting of famous works such as les Misérables or The Count of Monte Cristo there are good times ahead
Farsian, Mohammad-Reza. „La représentation de la ville industrielle dans le roman du XIXème siècle“. Thesis, Paris 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA030071.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleWith the emergence of the industrial revolution, country people moved to the new industrial centers. Through this movement appeared a new social class, the working class, crowding in the cities and also in the suburbs around the factories. To minimize the distance between the places of work and the residences, a lot habitations appear suddenly out of earth around industrial factories. In those areas, simple social structures were created leading to a new city shape: the industrial city whose main characteristic, before the setting of the working class, is the factory or the mine, places full of industrial items, mechanical inventions and techniques. The present research aims at introducing this industrial city as the most typical product of the nineteenth century through its technical components and its working class. The city is considered as one of the main element in the novel as far as becoming the basic and strong support of their intrigue. Without neglecting the substancial and amazing effect and the consequences of the machine in the daily life and without forgetting that the technical revolution is supported and materialized by the machine itself, the thesis analyses, through the studied novels, the role of those machines in the emergence of the industrial city as well as its effects in the daily life of the working class. The study is developed by a portrait of the working class, main users of the machines and a description of the technical and industrial incarnations in their lifes, their work and their habits. With the nineteenth century's literature and especially through the naturalist movement, this social class is for the first time analysed by considering its monotonous daily life, its little dramas, its manners and its mentality. Therefore the negative effects of the industrialization and of the mechanization on the working class appear in the literature, and some writers try to solve the problem by creating utopia
Croisy, Marion. „La prison dans la littérature française du XIXe siècle. Représentations romanesques et imaginaire social de la modernité carcérale“. Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCA145.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn the 19th century, there were many representations of the prison in literature. Studies of customs and parisian paintings explore the prison and novels describe scenes of imprisonment (Sue, Les Mystères de Paris, Balzac, Splendeurs et misères des courtisanes, La Fille Élisa). The fascination of prisons achieved popularity well beyond literary people : investigators, hygienists, theorists of the penal system, also questioned the issue of imprisonment. Contemporary historiographical views see the 19th century as a pivotal moment in penal history. Since the Revolution, the prison has been perceived as being the corner stone of a new system of punishment. In light of this historical change, this study analyses the literary representations of prisons from an outside point of view, the view of someone who is not imprisoned, and, the narrative using the third person in novels. Forging links with the areas of knowledge that accompagny the introduction of criminal prison, literature plays an important part in the social narrative that represents the modernity of prison life. In this seminar, the reader will not fail to recognize the ambivalences and contradictions. Novels of adventure and romance, social commentaries and moralistic novels, works of realism and of naturalism will all in turn be explored to reflect the diversity of representations. The political and moral implications, but also aesthetic and poetic figuration by the fiction of the experience of incarceration, are a major challenge of this study
Rousseau, Marjorie. „Des filles sans joie : Le roman de la prostituée de la seconde moitié du XIXe siècle : Espagne, France, Russie“. Thesis, Tours, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014TOUR2020.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleWhile prostitution was exploding within the cities, the character of the prostitute flourished in the second part of the nineteenth-Century literature. This new heroine quickly gets the leading part in a soon-To-Be proper literary fictional sub-genre, the “prostitute novel”, whose structure and motifs will be pointed out in our research. We will evoke medical, moral and social discourses about women and prostitutes in the 19th century in order to grasp the numerous roles this character can assume in literature. As a protagonist of the loss and deprivation, the prostitute questions the masculine vision of women, but she also embodies her time’s worries about the multiple social, economical and political transformations happening. She also holds a mirror to existential anxieties about the relationship to the Body, the Other and Death, and appears to be a privileged character for artistic and aesthetic considerations
Kouassi, Yao Raphaël. „Héros, jeunesse et apprentissage dans quelques romans du XIXe siècle : Chateaubriand, René, 1802 - Stendhal, Le Rouge et le Noir, 1830 - Musset, La Confession d’un enfant du siècle, 1836 - Balzac, Illusions perdues, 1837/1843 - Flaubert, L’Éducation sentimentale, Histoire d’un jeune homme, 1869“. Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011CLF20020/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe XIXe world has features of a wide world, because it inherits ideological social philosophers lights pawning ; but therefore given rise to promises by the Revolution of 1789 who opens an era of intellectual mutations and of social evolutions beyond social political expressed tensions by a literature of which the pawning consist to make to evolve the personage, notably the youthful hero, still fond to dream in a society where everything is and remains to reconstruct, it imports to answer to a fundamental preoccupation : how to assert oneself, to build a destiny when one himself does not test myself that as an enigma, an existential preoccupation and an indisposition ? The tutorial novel of the century puts us in presence of destinies in development, of ambitions and of potentialities after fulfillment, what gives confers him all his aesthetic qualities
Blondeau, Isabelle. „La sculpture dans La Comédie humaine de Balzac : poétique, politique et esthétique“. Thesis, Reims, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013REIML012.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIf painting in Balzac's work has interested many critics, sculpture less. This is why this is the theme of this thesis. Indeed, it is a question of demonstrating that sculpture's representation in La Comédie humaine stands at the heart of Balzac's creation. In resonance (sometimes in resistance) with the speeches of that period, sculpture's representation in Balzac's novels implies particular thought on political representation, and represents the end of the sacred foundation of power, linked to Terror, in the first part of the nineteenth century. Articulating political representation and poetics of representation, the novelist highlights a crisis of mimèsis, too often mentioned regarding his work. In mourning of the sacred foundation and the reality of the Idea, Balzac considers sculpture as the place of the link between Idea and Image, and puts it at the heart of his energetic and his aesthetics. Coming from death, sculpture becomes for Balzac the first art, able to redefine the foundations of reality and fiction. At the crossroads of politics, poetics and aesthetics, this thought on sculpture in La Comédie humaine aims to combine history of representations and history of the representation
Shen, Yanan. „L'image de Sade dans le roman noir des années 1830“. Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUL177.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe revolt of July in 1830 echoed the Revolution of 1789 and the rule of Louis-Philippe took France into a period of transition where the punctual riots and the cholera epidemic in 1832 was reflected in the dark tones of the image of sufferings and evil of that time. The romantic movement merged with the image of Sade in this difficult period of social evolution. The Jeunes-France, one century later qualified by the surrealists as petits romantiques, used the image of Sade to face down the critics of the moralists. It was during these turbulent times the image of Sade emerged in the black novel, an undefined genre in different literary tendencies, including the gothic novel, the fantastic tale and the historical novel. The legend of Sade’s life took its form at the end of 18th century in the gazettes and political inquiries. He was seen by his contemporaries, for example, Rétif de La Bretonne, that as a criminal libertine, one unpunished by the Ancien Régime, and was considered the insane writer of the libertine and perverse literature. Sade is related to the Revolution. Surviving the Terror of 1793, his feudal fury was compared to the cruelty of Danton and Robespierre. At the beginning of the 1830’s, the writings of Sade the prisoner, victim of an Empire, was discovered by Charles Nodier in his historical research. He defined the term “sadism” in the dictionary in 1834. In the same year, the multiple faces of the image of Sade were recorded by Jules Janin in his biographical article. The young romantic poets timidly explored the images of Sade in their black novels. Within these tales and within the historical novel of Pétrus Borel, Sade represented not only the atrocity and corruption of the Louis XV’s court, but also the violence of the revolutionary rampage. For Balzac, Sade and his work signified a collaboration of the erotic literature with the black story and in Balzac’s boudoirs, the frantic crimes and the transgressive perversions set the scenes. In the black novels of Frédéric Soulié in the form of the feuilleton, the image and the imaginary of Sade was used to describe the social monstrosity. The sadism was popularized in the universe of corrupted morals
Glaumaud-Carbonnier, Marion. „Quereller l'azur. Lignes et figures du divorce dans le récit français (1870-1905)“. Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCA150.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDivorce as an object of literary study, the proposal may surprise. The distinctiveness of fields and areas of research requires that a choice be made to study the question from a historical, political, legal, social or moral point of view. Literature, however, is never even considered. In 1884, the rehabilitation of divorce in French legislation was the result of an unusual combination of politics and literature. From the editorials and columns of the newspapers, in essays and in books, the narration of matrimonial misfortunes of men and women caught strangled by the law, wrestling against a civil inevitability that constrains their private and conjugal life, clamors for un-marriage. While the ties between literature and the claims for legal disunion are secular, linked in the works of George Sand, the battle of pens fighting against the indissolubility of marriage will significantly change the thinking of engaged literature and encourage a reasoning on the role of the writer, his relation to the law, and to demonstrate the power of literature on morals and the drafting of legislation.As a valuable analytical tool to understand the intellectual, literary and narrative aspects of the beginnings of the Third Republic, the un-marriage topic can be used to study the representation of conjugality in the French narrative of the end of the 19th century. Henceforth legal, divorce in fact transforms the imagination of literature on private morals and inaugurates new narrative situations: the encounter with the former husband, the jealousy of the new husband, the second wedding night, and the sexual past of the woman, all soon become common practice in the literary genre. The promulgation of divorce nevertheless rudely tests French narrative customs: by offering a solution to stories of adultery, divorce breaks a secular narrative model, and obliges literature to rethink its fatalities and its forms
Palewska, Marie. „Un romancier d'aventures à la Belle Epoque : paul d'Ivoi (1856-1915) et ses "Voyages excentriques"“. Thesis, Paris 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA030013.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePublished in volumes between 1894 and 1917 by the former bookshop Furne, Paul d’Ivoi’s "Voyages Excentriques" made up a collection which was very much valued by the youth of the Edwardian Era.These adventure novels, in the tradition of Jules Verne, were highly representative of their time with plots deeply rooted in the political ideas pervading then. They were anxious to contribute to the patriotic and moral moulding of their readers and applied to support the colonial work of France while promoting the values of the French Republic and celebrating its influence all over the world. The action, which often deals with international diplomatic stakes, sends the characters abroad to meet other nationalities whose visions reflect their relationships with France, whether friendly or of conflict.However the "Voyages Excentriques" swing from reality into fiction using the various means that adventure novels, then at their peak, offered them. Exotism and scientific extravagance are the main themes, often accompanied with detective stories or spy fiction as secondary sorts. When writing his adventure novels, Paul d’Ivoi carefully paid attention to differentiating himself from his predecessors, asserting his own manner by inventing wonderful scientific gadgets or giving a preponderant role to women. His books were a great success at the turn of the 20th century as New Year’s gifts, school prizes, popular manuals or cheap serials which were adapted on stage or even in movies.He is most original in his dealing with eccentricity which is to be found all through his collection of Belle Epoque novels
Andrivet, Patrick. „Représentations politiques de l'ancienne Rome en France des débuts de l'âge classique à la révolution“. Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994CLF20057.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn the france of the 17th and the 18th century some prominent writers like corneille, bossuet, montesquieu and rousseau, simple essayists like saint-evremond, and revolutionaries like marat and robespierre did not adhere to the admiration of ancient rome that had become traditional in europe since the renaissance. The author makes this point by a detailed study of the works of these writers who, in spite of texts written with certain precautions of style, denounce the excessive cult of rome of modern europeans, its aspiration to universal domination, its institutions and the corruption which takes over after several centuries of existence. These studies are accompanied by analyses which link these critical opinions of rome to the political views which are implicit or explicit in each work. Views which are implicit or explicit in each work