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Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Role of women In Ghanaian economy“
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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Role of women In Ghanaian economy"
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Dzisi, Smile, und Christopher Selvarajah. „Innovation and the Success of Women's Small Scale Enterprises in Ghana“. International Journal of Technology and Management Research 1, Nr. 1 (17.02.2020): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.47127/ijtmr.v1i1.2.
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Innovation is fast becoming a crucial factor in enterprise performance, growth and survival. In recent years, a growing number of studies have demonstrated how innovation leads to success in larger enterprises. Literature addressing innovation in small enterprises in developing countries is limited; most studies in this field are from developed countries. This study therefore aimed at filling the gap by firstly, exploring the innovations introduced in the Ghanaian women-owned small enterprises, and secondly finding out the relationship between these innovations and the women's business success. The innovative practices explored were the introduction of new products and processes, identification of new sources of raw materials and new markets. Quantitative and qualitative approaches are combined in data collection and analysis. Data has been obtained from a survey of 421 Ghanaian women entrepreneurs and interviews conducted with 50 of those women. The results in the study indicated that the small enterprises engaged in various types of innovative practices such as the adoption of fuel efficient processing methods, diversification of product line, improved packaging and opening of new market outlets. These innovative practices have contributed to the success of the enterprises. Their success factors include self-fulfillment, wealth creation and positive impact on the Ghanaian economy. These findings have policy implications for improved technology and funds allocation to enhance women's role in economic development.
Keywords: Innovation; Business growth; Women-owned small enterprises; Schumpeter's entrepreneurship perspective.
2
Anlesinya, Alex, Oluwayemisi Ajoke Adepoju und Ulf Henning Richter. „Cultural orientation, perceived support and participation of female students in formal entrepreneurship in the sub-Saharan economy of Ghana“. International Journal of Gender and Entrepreneurship 11, Nr. 3 (09.09.2019): 299–322. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijge-01-2019-0018.
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Purpose This purpose of this paper is to examine cultural orientations and intention of Ghanaian women to engage in entrepreneurship while assessing the role of perceived support system. The aim is to contribute to the literature in the sub-Saharan African context where women entrepreneurs are generally under-researched, despite their increasing significant roles in socio-economic development in the continent even in the face of huge cultural barriers. Design/methodology/approach The study uses a hierarchical regression analysis and Hay’s PROCESS moderation technique to analyze survey data from 190 female students from Ghana, Africa. Findings The results indicate that uncertainty avoidance and power distance cultural orientations have significant positive and negative effects, respectively, on women’s participation in formal entrepreneurship. However, collectivism and masculine cultural orientations do not have any effect on their intention to engage in formal entrepreneurial activity. The study further shows that perceived support system has a buffering effect on the destructive consequences of power distance culture on formal entrepreneurship intentions. On the contrary, perceived support does not moderate the relationship between uncertainty avoidance, collectivism and masculine cultural and formal entrepreneurial intention. Practical implications Given the fact that most African governments are making efforts to accelerate the growth and development of their economies via entrepreneurship and economic empowerment, this study’s findings encourage stakeholders to implement measures to leverage on the positive dimensions of cultures to facilitate the development of formal entrepreneurship among Ghanaian women while mitigating the negative consequences of cultural practices. The findings further highlight the need to evaluate the current level of support given to women in Ghana. The study suggests that provision of sufficient level of support can make women more willing to challenge the status quo in power distance cultures and take personal initiatives, thereby leading to more formal entrepreneurial actions. Originality/value This study is a significant addition to women entrepreneurship literature because the role of culture in females’ intention to participate in entrepreneurship is generally an under-researched area. Besides, our examination of national cultural variation at the individual level on formal entrepreneurship intention in a heterogeneous setting is novel. The study also highlights the buffering roles of perceived support on the destructive consequences of power distance cultural orientation on formal entrepreneurial development among women.
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Korang-Okrah, Rose, Wendy Haight, Priscilla Gibson und James Black. „Solutions to property rights ‘violations’ experienced by Ghanaian (Akan) widows and their children: The role of international social workers in addressing human rights“. International Social Work 62, Nr. 1 (13.09.2017): 405–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0020872817731141.
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Social workers are increasingly embracing international perspectives and roles to address persistent human rights issues. This study examines solutions to property rights disputes involving Ghanaian women who are widowed from the perspectives of Akan men and women in four communities. Property ownership is fundamental to the economic survival of women and their children, but millions of women around the world lose their rights to property following the deaths of their husbands. We conducted focus groups with 102 participants in four Akan communities to generate local, culturally viable solutions for preventing property rights violations and resolving them when they do occur.
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Jarvis, Kimberly, Solina Richter, Helen Vallianatos und Lois Thornton. „Reintegration of Women Post Obstetric Fistula Repair: Experience of Family Caregivers“. Global Qualitative Nursing Research 4 (01.01.2017): 233339361771492. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2333393617714927.
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In northern Ghana, families traditionally function as the main provider of care. The role of family, however, is becoming increasingly challenged with the social shifts in Ghanaian culture moving from extended kinship to nuclear households. This has implications for the care of women post obstetric fistula (OF) repair and their family members who assist them to integrate back into their lives prior to developing the condition. This research is part of a larger critical ethnographic study which explores a culture of reintegration. For this article, we draw attention to the findings related to the experience of family caregivers who care for women post OF repair in northern Ghana. It is suggested that although family caregivers are pleased to have their family member return home, there are many unanticipated physical, emotional, and economic challenges. Findings lead to recommendations for enhancing the reintegration process and the need for adequate caregiving support.
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Cleveland, Emma Kathryn. „Patriarchy, Spirituality, and Power“. African and Asian Studies 14, Nr. 3 (05.08.2015): 210–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15692108-12341341.
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The reorganization of Akan society in the early 1300’s-1400, the subsequent formation of Asante in 1701, and the introduction of the trans-Atlantic slave trade in the former Gold Coast created new social, economic, and political conditions which initiated a change in the status, mobility, and role of women. Societal restrictions were placed upon female title-holders through language and spiritual taboos which prohibited them from sacred spaces and shrines. Akan cosmology and spirituality were monopolized as a tool for the acquisition of authority. A desire for the accumulation of wealth and power reconceptualised masculine identities as military victories began to be associated with manliness and honor. Patriarchal systems of governance were later established, specifically the institutions of chieftaincy and kingship, which were key contributors to the deterioration of political positions for females, for example, the Queen Mother. As the dominant political organizations, these institutions have seemingly functioned to shape the experiences of Ghanaian women throughout the history of Asante. This paper argues that the significance of women in the realm of politics and cultural affairs in Akan society were effectively lessened as a result of patriarchy, the manipulation of spirituality, and the influence of militaristic ideals.
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Acheampong, George. „Microfinance, gender and entrepreneurial behaviour of families in Ghana“. Journal of Family Business Management 8, Nr. 1 (09.04.2018): 38–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jfbm-09-2017-0028.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to understand the relationship between microfinance participation and entrepreneurial behaviour of Ghanaian families as well as the moderating role of the family head’s gender. It is argued from a resource-based theory perspective that microfinance is a financial resource that removes credit constraints to entrepreneurial behaviour of families. However, gender of the family head creates heterogeneity in this relationship in line with the gender theory. Design/methodology/approach In order to test these claims, cross-sectional data from 2,727 families on microfinance participation and household characteristics in Ghana are utilised. Findings The study finds that microfinance participation has a positive and significant relationship with a family’s decision to own an enterprise. Also, the study finds that female-headed families are better utilizers of microfinancial resources for entrepreneurial purposes compared to their male counterparts. This difference is a pure gender effect. Originality/value This finding is in contrast to the dominant stream of gender-based entrepreneurship research that suggests that women are subordinate to men and need to be helped to become “honorary men”. From a policy standpoint, solutions aimed at reversing discrimination against women in economic markets must consider women within their own right. The study makes a contribution to the literature by showing empirically the source of heterogeneity in entrepreneurial returns to microfinance participation by families.
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Pang, Irene. „Banking is for Others: Contradictions of Microfinance in the Ghanaian Market“. Journal of World-Systems Research 22, Nr. 2 (16.08.2016): 510–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/jwsr.2016.640.
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Recent literature on microfinance has observed that commercial microfinance programs that achieve financial sustainability largely fail to reach the poor (Hulme 2000; Mayoux 2000; Cull, Demirgüç-Kunt, and Morduch 2007). Most studies rely on institutional explanations for this failure (Battilana and Dorado 2010; Pache and Santos 2010; Canales 2011). Using a Braudelian conceptualization of a fragmented, three-tiered capitalist world-economy, this study examines how Ghanaian market women finance their businesses within the bottom layer of the capitalist world-economy, and why, despite the availability of commercial microfinance, they continue to rely on informal finance. I argue that commercial microfinance is structurally constrained by contradictions between the profit-driven logic of the upper layers of the capitalist world-economy and the socially-embedded and subsistence-driven logic that organizes the market in which market women operate. I also show that, to the extent that commercial microfinance partially penetrates the market, it disrupts the circulation of financial resources and weakens existing social and economic networks within the community.
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Nchor, Dennis, Václav Klepáč und Václav Adamec. „Effects of Oil Price Shocks on the Ghanaian Economy“. Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 64, Nr. 1 (2016): 315–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201664010315.
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The economy of Ghana is highly vulnerable to fluctuations in the international price of crude oil. This is due to the fact that oil as a commodity plays a central role in the economic activities of the nation. The objective of this paper is to investigate the dynamic relationship between oil price shocks and macroeconomic variables in the Ghanaian economy. This is achieved through the use of Vector Autoregressive (VAR) and Vector Error Correction (VECM) models. The variables considered in the study include: real oil price, real government expenditure, real industry value added, real imports, inflation and the real effective exchange rate. The study points out the asymmetric effects of oil price shocks; for instance, positive as well as negative oil price shocks on the macroeconomic variables used. The empirical findings of this study suggest that both linear and nonlinear oil price shocks have adverse impact on macroeconomic variables in Ghana. Positive oil price shocks are stronger than negative shocks with respect to government expenditure, inflation and the real effective exchange rate. Industry value added and imports have stronger responses to negative oil price shocks. Positive oil price shocks account for about 30% of fluctuations in government expenditure, 5% of imports, 6% of industry value added, 17% of inflation and 2% of the real effective exchange rate in the long run. Negative oil price shocks account for about 8% of fluctuations in government spending, 20% of imports, 8% of inflation and 2% of the real effective exchange rate in the long run. The data was obtained from the United States Energy Information Administration and the World Bank’s World Development Indicators.
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Adasi, Grace Sintim. „The Ghanaian PCG Tent Women Clergy as Revolutionaries“. Black Women and Religious Cultures 2, Nr. 1 (Juni 2021): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.53407/bwrc2.1.2021.100.06.
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Since 1979, after attaining access to most roles in Ghanaian society and churches, ordained women in various communities have combined duties as Christian ministers with their duties in other professions. The term “tent” refers the women clergy who also are teachers, nurses, medical doctors, bankers, politicians, lawyers, farmers, traders, engineers, professors, soldiers, and more. They successfully combine roles to make themselves revolutionaries. Using library and archival materials as well as data from field research, this study reveals that women leaders in church and society are merging professions so effectively that they deserve acknowledgement for important ministry contributions, especially to the advancement of women. The study recommends that women should be partnered equally with men in their role performance in the church and society.
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Nordstrom, Carolyn. „Women, economy, war“. International Review of the Red Cross 92, Nr. 877 (März 2010): 161–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1816383110000263.
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AbstractPolitical violence amplifies contemporary trends occurring worldwide in the twenty-first century: globalization, an increasing reliance on the informal economy, a shift from twentieth-century manufacturing to resource and labour wildcatting, and the growth of complex international extra-legal trade networks. Women are central to all of these, though their roles both as leaders of development and victims of violence are often overlooked in mainstream analyses. To explain these invisibilities, this article introduces the concept of vanishing points – places where formal analyses and policy effectively cease, such as the dividing lines between formal and informal economies, and the violence associated with controlling extra-legal profits that is effectively invisible to the public at large. The realities of women's work amid political violence and postwar development, and across the spectrum of in/formality are explored. The conclusions serve to challenge established notions of power, profit, and economy, and the role of gender within these.
Dissertationen zum Thema "Role of women In Ghanaian economy"
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Solomon, Christiana. „The Role of Women in Economic Transformation: Market Women in Sierra Leone“. University of Bradford, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/4188.
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yesVarious research has concluded that economic life did not die out during the conflict in Sierra Leone, but took on different forms. Different stakeholders at all levels were engaged in economic activities during the war. The specific roles of women in the shadow economy are under-researched with the result that most analysis and policy-options are inadequate. While some of Sierra Leone¿s Market Women strategically participated in war economies to `do well out of war¿, most did so out of the need to survive. With the end of the war, market women have been able to make a successful transformation to peace economies through micro-credit assistance.
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Kgoahla, Makholo Seriana. „The role of women's economic contribution in the informal sector of the economy : A case study of women in the Mankweng area in Limpopo“. Thesis, University of Limpopo (Turfloop Campus), 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/908.
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Thesis (M.Dev.) --University of Limpopo, 2006The study entitled The Role of Women’s Economic Contribution in the informal sector of the economy: A case study of women in Mankweng area in the Limpopo Province focuses on the participation of educated women in the Informal Sector of the economy. The participation of women in the economic development has been found to benefit a lot of families headed by women, Black women in particular. In Mankweng, the study found evidence of increased number of women’s participation in the economic development. This mini-thesis is comprised of four chapters. Chapter 1 This chapter is mainly introduction to the study. The chapter includes the problem statement, motivation for the study, aims and objectives and the importance of the study. The chapter also outlines the methodology of the study, the definition of key concepts used in the study and the limitations of the study. Chapter 2 Chapter 2 comprises the literature background for the study. The literature focuses largely on women in the informal sector, their employment opportunities, marginalization in economic activities and constraints on growth that are faced by women in small business enterprises. The literature also reflects on the challenges and limited achievements of women in their respective trading occupations. Chapter 2 looks at the state of women in the economy. The labour market segment theory attempts to explain gender inequalities in employment on the basis that the labour market is compartmentalized. The chapter also looks at the definition of the informal sector. The division of labour and the informal sector focuses on the areas women concentrate in the labour market. Positioning women in the informal sector and the labour market focuses on the role women play in the informal sector. The last part of the chapter deals with the challenges women are faced with and the opportunities available for them in the informal sector. Chapter 3 Chapter 3 focuses on data analysis and interpretation of the findings of the study. The analysis focuses on the respondents’ personal background and their economic activities as recorded during interviews. Chapter 4 Chapter 4 concludes the study by discussing and presenting a summary of the findings of the study and the implications thereof. A conclusive report is made and recommendations for improving the informal sector and for further research are made.
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Webb, Erin D. „Developing, Refining, and Validating a Survey to Measure Stereotypes and Biases that Women Face in Industry“. TopSCHOLAR®, 2013. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/1321.
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Almost any woman who has worked in a male dominated industry has faced a gender stereotype or bias of some type. Some of these women have even developed coping mechanisms to counteract these biases and make day-to-day interactions at work tolerable. Gathering information to reveal these stereotypes and biases can pose a distinctive challenge. Many women do not want to reveal the challenges that they have faced in their careers, and the vastness of types of challenges makes asking the correct questions very difficult. Through testing, this study has developed a valid data collection instrument that can be used to gather the varying data. The final instrument yielded 22 items that have strong validity and reliability results.
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Naholi, George. „A Study of Current and Former Women in Faculty and Administrative Leadership Positions at East Tennessee State University“. Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2008. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/1927.
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This qualitative case study was designed to determine the perceptions about female leadership among female faculty and administrators at East Tennessee State University. Participants were asked about the motivating and prohibiting factors (barriers) that affected their leadership capabilities at the institution. They cited motivating factors that led them to optimal performance. These included family support, mentoring practices, affirmative action, collegial working atmosphere, support from the top leadership, and encouragement from their colleagues. The dissertation was also to investigate how female leaders perceived their leadership roles and the factors that enhanced female leadership and the barriers that hindered female leadership at ETSU.
The women in this study talked about the impediments or barriers of their upward movement. These included salaries that were lower than those of their male colleagues, stereotyped thinking within the community with biases against females, family chores vis-à-vis work schedules, sexual discrimination, lack of role models, etc. The findings were: (a) Female leadership was uniquely relationship-oriented; (b) female leaders combined work and family and managed the two fairly well; (c) female leaders were more likely to mentor other women but also were often mentored by men; (d) female leaders worked at a more relaxed pace with details in mind and did not have the target of the big picture as a priority; (e) they worked hard to attain the positions previously held by men and are now at par in higher positions both in faculty and administration; (f) they worked hard to surmount the barriers placed in their way as they moved up the ladder in faculty and administrative positions; (g) they volunteered for positions in the staff and faculty senates without considering financial gains; (h) they were the majority in the lower ranks of the administrative ladder of the university and played crucial supportive roles; and (i) their leadership styles were more humanitarian and on the relationship philosophy than were the leadership styles of their male counterparts.
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Abrams, Widdicombe Aimee Samantha. „The Impact of State-Provided Paid Family Leave on Wages: Examining the Role of Gender“. Scholarship @ Claremont, 2016. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/883.
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The U.S. is the only OECD country that does not offer any form of federal paid parental leave. Only three states—California, New Jersey and Rhode Island—have state-provided paid leave policies; implemented in 2004, 2009 and 2014, respectively. Through descriptive statistics and difference-in-difference-in-difference regression analyses of the wages of women and men of childbearing age (19-45 years) in those three states, we assess whether the paid leave programs have effected wages, and whether these effects vary depending on gender. Our results show that wages of women of childbearing age saw negligible net effects post-policy in policy states, although statistically insignificant. On the other hand, the wages of men of childbearing age saw improvements post-policy implementation in policy states, compared to wages in non-policy states. Although the policies do not necessarily widen the gender wage gap, they do not work to help close it, due to flaws in the policies. To be more effective in reducing gender wage gaps, these policies need to increase the amount of paid support, and implement job protection rights in order to decrease the opportunity costs of men taking leave. If more men are able to take paid leave, then potentially parts of the gender wage gap that are due to employers viewing women as less attached to the workforce can decrease. Through this research we came to important conclusions that highlight the ways in which support of working parents in the US is lacking, and offered recommendations to create more equitable and effective policies.
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Kodj, Grace Dede. „The role of women in poverty reduction in Ghana“. Diss., 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/27560.
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Various governments in post-independent Ghana have attempted to alleviate poverty among the citizenry. In furtherance of this, several poverty reduction strategies have been employed with different results. Even though the rate of poverty has fallen over the years, it is still high at 21,4% (Molini and Paci, 2015) with women unfortunately bearing most of the brunt of this (National Development Planning Commission, 2012). This dissertation looks at filling the gap in information by exploring the role women can play in poverty reduction,
using Ghana as a case study. In doing that, the study analyses poverty and the underlying reasons for endemic poverty among Ghanaians.
The objective of this study was to contextualize and make a dimension of poverty broadly in Africa and Ghana in particular. It also sought to critique the current policy alleviation policies and programmes, in relation to various factors contributing to endemic poverty among Ghanaian women, with the aim of identifying the roles that women can play in poverty reduction and making recommendations.
In this regard, a descriptive research design coupled with qualitative research methodological technique was employed, where relevant publications in the form of government reports, journals, textbooks and internet were used to collect data.
Inferences were extracted based on the requirements of the research topic.
The study found that women play an important role in food production, trade, and business. It also emerged from the study that there are numerous factors inimical to the reduction of poverty among women in Ghana. They included their inability to negotiate labour matters; a lack of, or limited education; patriarchal culture or customs; and economic sabotage. In addressing the aforementioned factors, the study recommended that in its pre-assessment of NGOs, government tailor their intervention to synchronize with the development strategies to alleviate poverty among women. It also advised educational awareness and public-public partnerships in the establishment of schools targeted most especially at women for empowerment purposes. Finally, there was an emphasis on advocacy for the reservation of land exclusively for women through land reforms.Public Administration and Management
M. Admin. (Public Administration)
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Tweneboah, Elaine [Verfasser]. „The role of environmental values and attitudes of Ghanaian coastal women in natural resource management / by Elaine Tweneboah“. 2009. http://d-nb.info/995839158/34.
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Chiu, Ju-Sia, und 邱茹霞. „The Transformation of Women’s role in the Female Economy: A Study of Women as Target Consumers of TV Advertising“. Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/99880799407149421695.
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碩士南台科技大學
應用英語系
100
This study discusses the transformation of female’s role in economic activity by examining a cluster of current commercials. Women used to be simply a labor force that stay at home to do the housework for the family, related to the society as domestic housekeepers; nevertheless, ever since the labor shortage of the Industrial Revolution, women have represented a workforce in larger numbers, and their independence and strength of consumption have never stop growing due to their disposable income. Manufacturers cannot ignore their financial strength, so they have to design products for them particularly. In a consumption oriented society, women have become a stronger group of target consumer than men. Through an analysis of TV commercials in this study, including 3C products, vehicles, residences, and entertainments, the research has found that appeals to women’s in commercials have been increasing, and there emerges a unique impression never seen before--women are involved in economic activity largely, especially in terms of consumption. For women, their decisions affect the sales number of the product and the influence is absolutely different from what happened before. The shift of females’ role from being domestic housekeepers to targets consumers.
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Lee, Sabrina. „HIV/AIDS in the informal economy : an analysis of local government's role in addressing the vulnerability of women street traders in Durban“. Thesis, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/3477.
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The study was motivated by a concern for the high vulnerability of poor African women to
HIV/AIDS in South Africa and an understanding of their role in the growing informal trade
sector in Durban. As the institution responsible for managing informal trade development, this
study examines the role of local government in addressing AIDS vulnerability and impact
within this economic sector.
Local government in South Africa is at the centre of potentially conflicting policy agendas:
promoting citizen participation in social and economic development while creating an efficient
and competitive local economy. The research outlines how the challenge of meeting these
divergent goals has influenced policy approaches to informal trade and the extent to which
these constrain or support women traders and their enterprises. The study examines how this in
turn influences their economic vulnerability to HIV/AIDS. The study also explores the
institutional attitudes and current approaches to addressing HIV/AIDS in the informal trade
sector and explores the potential for a targeted and integrated response.
In-depth interviews with local government staff and external stakeholders were used to
investigate institutional perspectives on the significance of HIV/AIDS and the importance of
creating appropriate local level interventions within informal trade settings. Interviews also
assessed current management and support strategies for informal trade and examined whether
these create an enabling environment for women to protect themselves and their enterprises
against the threat and impact of HIV/AIDS. Interviews were supported by an extensive review
of gender and HIV/AIDS literature and analysis of relevant policy regarding informal economy
and SMME development in South Africa.
The study found that the multiple pressures on local government, as well as institutional
restructuring and staff changes have inhibited progress towards implementing an effective
management strategy for informal trade. A lack of regulation threatens the security and
livelihoods of survivalist women traders, and high barriers to obtaining permits to trade impact
negatively on women due to their multiple constraints and responsibilities. The study revealed
that priority in providing holistic business support, including skills development and financial
services, is skewed towards more profitable enterprises which has excluded most women
traders. This has restricted women's productive capacity and enterprise development and
heightened their economic vulnerability to HIV infection and impact. This is compounded by a
lack of functional, representative organisations to convey the concerns of marginalised female
traders to local government.
It is likely that the prevalence of HIV/AIDS in informal markets in Durban is high. However,
stigma and discrimination has prevented widespread disclosure. The vulnerability of women
and the impact of HIV/AIDS on their enterprises and local economic development is recognised by staff working at street level, but not by key decision makers. This, in
conjunction with the marginalisation of the sector as a whole, has influenced the lack of
progress in developing a co-ordinated multidisciplinary response to HIV/AIDS among informal
workers. Few interventions which directly address HIV/AIDS have been put in place in the
informal workplace, largely because of a lack of understanding of the crisis; its
conceptualisation as a health issue only; and the fixed location of local government's response
within the health department.
Acknowledging the resource and capacity constraints within local government, the study
concludes by outlining a series of realistic potential interventions which can be mainstreamed
within the standard functions of local government. A shift in thinking is required to
conceptualise AIDS as a workplace issue, and recognise the significance of its economic
impact. Women traders need to be considered as valuable and vulnerable workers, as well as
mothers and carers and therefore as an important group for targeted HIV/AIDS interventions.
The study calls for gender-sensitive measures to be implemented, which recognise the specific
needs and constraints of women in the informal trade sector.Thesis (M.Dev.Studies.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 2004.
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Mutsindikwa, Canisio. „The small enterprise section of the economy : a study of the role of social capital in the success of women entrepreneurs in Harare, Zimbabwe“. Thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/27215.
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This study to meant to determine the extent to which the Zimbabwean women in the small-scale business sector depended on their social capital to make it. The primary question of the study was: What is the significance of social capital in determining the success or failure of women’s businesses in Zimbabwe? Methodologically, the study followed the constructivist approach, which aimed at obtaining detailed and thick in-depth descriptions from the women who are socially a vulnerable group. It followed the qualitative research design; whose characteristics were dependence on the narratives of the discussants to explain phenomena. Non-probability sampling was preferred, and the sampling techniques used were mainly purposive. The sample comprised 21 participants, drawn from a population of women in small scale businesses in Glen Norah A, Glen View 1 and Highfield in Harare. The researcher used focus group discussions and individual interviews for data collection. Data was analysed thematically. The key findings were that women were dependent on their bonding and linking social capital to succeed (or fail) in business. Thus, such findings constitute some of the major contributions of the study to the commonwealth of knowledge. In particular one contribution is that women’s business development in the small-scale informal sector follows a particular lifecycle where different types of social capital are required. The findings led to the recommendations that women must be recognized as key players in economic development, and should be assisted at nascent stages so that their participation in economic development can be more robust and visible.Sociology
D. Litt. et Phil. (Sociology)
Bücher zum Thema "Role of women In Ghanaian economy"
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The role of women in Ghana's economy. [Ghana]: Friedrich Ebert Foundation, 2005.
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Women, the family, and the economy. 2. Aufl. Toronto: McGraw-Hill Ryerson, 1986.
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Arttachariya, Patricia. The role of women managers in the Thai economy. [s.l.]: typescript, 1994.
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The role of women in rebuilding the Russian economy. Washington, D.C: World Bank, 1993.
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Kerr, Joanna. Gender and jobs in China's new economy. Ottawa: North-South Institute, 1996.
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Susan, Averett, Hrsg. Women and the economy: Family, work, and pay. Boston: Pearson Addison Wesley, 2004.
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Oppong, Christine. Conjugal resources, power, decision making and domestic labour: Some historical and recent evidence of modernity from Ghanaian families. Legon: Institute of African Studies, University of Ghana, 2005.
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The new maids: Transnational women and the care economy. London: Zed Books, 2011.
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Mehari, Getaneh. The role of women in the household economy: The case of the Dorze. Addis Ababa: Dept. of Sociology and Social Anthropology, Addis Ababa University, 2006.
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Mehari, Getaneh. The role of women in the household economy: The case of the Dorze. Addis Ababa: Dept. of Sociology and Social Anthropology, Addis Ababa University, 2006.
Den vollen Inhalt der Quelle findenBuchteile zum Thema "Role of women In Ghanaian economy"
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Campbell, Jim, und Emily Thomson. „Changing Role of Women in the Scottish Economy“. In The Scottish Economy, 135–51. New York : Routledge, 2017.: Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315660097-10.
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Kearney, Mary-Louise. „Whither Women Graduates in the Knowledge Economy?“ In The Changing Role of Women in Higher Education, 3–30. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-42436-1_1.
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Prekel, Truida. „The Role of Black Women in the Economy“. In Black Advancement in the South African Economy, 31–51. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-09384-7_3.
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Bahramitash, Roksana, Atena Sadegh und Negin Sattari. „Women’s Role in the Political Economy: An Overview“. In Low-Income Islamist Women and Social Economy in Iran, 17–34. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-52539-0_3.
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İzdeş, Özge. „The Role of Women in the Turkish Economy: Gender Equality in the Labor Market“. In Business Against Intimate Partner Violence, 99–111. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-32-9652-7_4.
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Razavi, Shahra. „What Does the UN Have to Say About Family Policy? Reflections on the ILO, UNICEF, and UN Women“. In The Palgrave Handbook of Family Policy, 87–115. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-54618-2_5.
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AbstractThis chapter considers three UN entities with mandates that have particular relevance for family policy: the ILO, UNICEF, and UN Women. Each organization sees family policy through its own lens, shaped by its mandate and institutional culture. While this means path-dependency, there is also learning. While there is no ‘one UN’ approach to family policy, there is considerable cross-fertilization across agencies. The ILO has long engaged with family policy through its standard-setting work, most notably its conventions on maternity protection, which has tended to bypass men’s role in families. Driven by its child-centric mandate, UNICEF’s focus on children, has arguably left out the needs of working parents, especially mothers who are largely seen in their maternal roles. The youngest of the three, UN Women, has expanded the terrain of family policy by centering key feminist concerns, such as domestic violence, but its work on family policy has yet to find a strong programmatic footing. The growing global interest in the care economy, reinforced by the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), alongside transformations in gender roles, may account for the recent turn to family policy.
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„“My Cocoa Is between My Legs”: Sex as Work among Ghanaian Women“. In Women's Labor in the Global Economy, 182–205. Rutgers University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.36019/9780813541655-012.
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„Role of Women in the Global Economy“. In Breaking Through, 30–35. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119272106.ch4.
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Segura, Liliane, und Kıymet Tunca Çalıyurt. „The role of academician in women entrepreneurship“. In Women, Sustainable Entrepreneurship and the Economy, 1–6. Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429488597-1.
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Hoti, Hamdi Shaban, und Bekim Berisha. „Kosovo women’s role in the development of local business“. In Women, Sustainable Entrepreneurship and the Economy, 160–67. Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429488597-11.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleKonferenzberichte zum Thema "Role of women In Ghanaian economy"
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Ridha, M. Rasyid, und Mr Najamuddin. „The Role of Women Traders Economy in The Central Market of Balangnipa District of Sinjai“. In Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Social Sciences (ICSS 2018). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icss-18.2018.210.
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Masengi, Evi, Margareth Rantung, Lexi Lumingkewas und Elvis Lumingkewas. „The Role of Women Farmers in Building Family Economy in Sampiri Village; Airmadidi District; North Minahasa Regency“. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Social Science 2019 (ICSS 2019). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icss-19.2019.106.
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Eroğlu, Feyzullah, Hatice Çoban und Mustafa Koç. „A Research on Community Development and Women Entrepreneurship“. In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c06.01307.
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Although Turkish economy system was based on a patriarchal community for a long time, Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, founder of Modern Turkish Republic, has been promoted innovative policies for female citizens to incorporate them into social and economic life. Thanks to those policies, crucial changes have emerged especially for well-educated and cultivated ''urban women''. In this respect, conventional social construct and economic system have been a burden for some of those ''urban women''. They both took care of their families and joined the economic system and raised their career expectations. In recent years, there are some entrepreneurship curriculums and financial support projects has been launched for women who would like to take an active role in business life. Those projects provide opportunity for Turkish women to create their own business instead of working as employees. First of all, literature review on ''community development'' and ''women entrepreneurship'' was conducted in this study. Those issues considered as not only an economic issue but also social and psychological behavioral processes usually by using macro-sociological analysis method. Secondly, an empirical research performed in Denizli province, in which considerable economic moves have been realized in recent years. In this context, qualifications of women entrepreneurs who set up a business afterwards of financial and educational supports of governmental and non-governmental organizations such as Denizli Chamber of Commerce, Denizli Entrepreneurial Association, Association of Eurasian Executives and Businessmen were introduced. Furthermore, women entrepreneurs evaluated by quantitative comparison according to years.
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Merzlyakova, Svetlana, und Marina Golubeva. „IDEAS ABOUT MARRIAGE DEPENDING ON THE STRUCTURE OF VALUABLE ORIENTATIONS OF WOMEN IN EARLY ADULTHOOD“. In International Psychological Applications Conference and Trends. inScience Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36315/2021inpact049.
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"The phenomenon of marriage is one of the little-studied questions of family psychology. The resolution of the contradiction between the need of modern society to form complete and adequate ideas about the marital role among students and the need to identify socio-psychological factors that influence the development of ideas about marriage determines the problem of research. The purpose of the study is to identify the features of ideas about marriage (Ideal husband, Ideal wife) depending on the structure of valuable orientations of young women in early adulthood. Methods of research. Theoretical and methodological literature analysis, questionnaire, psycho-diagnostic methods (the questionnaire “A Value and Availability Ratio in Various Vital Spheres Technique” by E.B. Fantalova, the method of Semantic Differential, developed by Charles E. Osgood, projective technique of ""Incomplete Sentences"", the questionnaire ""Role Expectations and Claims in Marriage"" by A. N. Volkova); mathematical and statistical data processing methods. During the analytical stage we used mathematical and statistical methods that allowed us to establish the reliability of the research results. All calculations were performed using the IBM SPSS Statistics 21 computer program. The analysis included descriptive statistics, cluster analysis (K-means method), Kolmogorov-Smirnov test for one sample, Shapiro-Wilkes criterion, and correlation analysis. The study involved 310 female students in age from 20 to 22 from Astrakhan State University and the Astrakhan Branch of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration. It was found that among young female students 45 people (14.5 %) are focused on the values of professional self-realization, 59 people (19 %) are focused on gnostic and aesthetic values, and 206 people (66.5 %) are focused on the values of personal happiness. The results showed that the concepts of marriage have both common features and specific features due to the influence of the structure of valuable orientations of the respondents. Ideas about marriage are characterized by fragmentary formation of emotional and behavioral components, in some cases the presence of cognitive distortions. The obtained results actualize the importance and necessity of psychological and pedagogical support of the process of family self-determination of students, the formation of complete and adequate ideas about marriage in the conditions of the educational environment of the university."
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Hadzimustafa, Shenaj, und Nermine Shabani. „THE IMPACT OF OVERCONFIDENCE BIAS ON PERSONAL INVESTMENT DECISIONS: THE CASE OF NORTH MACEDONIA“. In Economic and Business Trends Shaping the Future. Ss Cyril and Methodius University, Faculty of Economics-Skopje, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.47063/ebtsf.2020.0008.
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The "Financial Behavior" in the field of "decision making" is the topic that awarded the economist Richard H. Thaler the Nobel Prize in 2017. According to him, after many investigations made on human decisions, it is noticed that they often depend on nature, intuition, habits, cognitive biases, emotional biases which lead the investor to wrong decisions. Given that the investments play an important and central role in the economy, the main purpose of the paper is to analyze the investment decision making process based on emotional bias, or more specifically the overconfidence bias. This study captures the impact of gender, and level of education on overconfidence during investment decision making in North Macedonia. The results show that investors' decisions were significantly influenced by the overconfidence bias. Although men and women are found to be overconfident, studies have shown that the degree of overconfidence varies among them and men are more overconfident than women. Also, overconfidence increases with the level of education. Based on the results certain recommendations are provided in order to assist future investment decision-making processes by notifying and eliminating the overconfidence bias identified during this research as a key factor leading to wrong and failing, non-rational investment decision making.
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Kohl, Marie-Anne. „Die weinende Jury. »Geschlechtslose« Tränen bei globalen Musik-Castingshows?“ In Jahrestagung der Gesellschaft für Musikforschung 2019. Paderborn und Detmold. Musikwissenschaftliches Seminar der Universität Paderborn und der Hochschule für Musik Detmold, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.25366/2020.59.
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Tears are flowing. Whether Yvonne Catterfeld, Kazim as-Sahir, Unati Msenga-na, Liu Huan, Simon Cowell or Lira – they are all part of a jury of global music casting show formats such as The Voice, Idol or Got Talent and show their tears in front of the camera, seemingly ashamed and yet completely uninhibited. Their tears flow in reaction to ‘particularly soulful’ music titles or to the candidates’ tragic personal stories, paired with the ‘right’ song selection. The display of great emotions is an essential element of reality TV formats. With Sara Ahmed, they can be understood in the sense of an ‘affective economy’ as an effect of their circulation, their staging as a specific ‘emotional style’ of dealing with emotions (Eva Illouz). The circulation of affects in casting shows is a global one, since the formats, developed in Europe, have produced local versions in over 60 countries worldwide. Emotions play an important role in the successful localization of the formats and define a complex area of conflict between a sensitization to socio-cultural characteristics and the ‘reproduction of culturalistic concepts’ (Laura Sūna) or clichés. In European cultural history, tears have developed a special significance as guarantors of the authenticity of empathy (Sigrid Weigel), and are generally associated with femininity, however at the same time have been film-historically recoded as ‘gender-neutral’ (Renate Möhrmann). Keeping in mind that all these casting show formats have been exported from Europe, these observations are of special interest, especially since one can see men and women crying equally in the Arabic, German or South African versions of e. g. The Voice. This article questions the concurrence of musical performance, display of tears, gender performance and the translocal dramaturgy of music casting shows.
Berichte der Organisationen zum Thema "Role of women In Ghanaian economy"
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Perrin, Jean-Patrick. Why We Care: An overview of the distribution of unpaid care work in Ma’an, southern Jordan. Oxfam, Juni 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21201/2021.7741.
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The concept of unpaid care work is not widely known in Ma’an or other parts of Jordan. As a result, the benefits of unpaid care to individuals’ lives, as well as its negative impact on women who bear a disproportionate share of it at the household level, are overlooked by both local communities and policy makers. As such, women remain largely excluded from playing an active role in the economy, and receive limited or no recognition for the significant role that they play within the household. In 2020, Oxfam commissioned a study on unpaid care work in Jordan’s southern region of Ma’an. The purpose of the study was to better understand what care work women and men do, how it is distributed, and how people think about it. The study found that women perform the vast majority of care work activities, and that gender norms compound an unequal redistribution of unpaid care. This paper presents the study results and makes recommendations on how the Government of Jordan, donors and NGOs can encourage the redistribution of unpaid care work and improve women’s access to livelihood opportunities.