Thematische Bibliographien / RMSC

Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „RMSC“

Autor: Grafiati

Veröffentlicht am 26. Juli 2024

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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "RMSC"

He, Wen-Yu, Jian He und Wei-Xin Ren. „The Use of Mode Shape Estimated from a Passing Vehicle for Structural Damage Localization and Quantification“. International Journal of Structural Stability and Dynamics 19, Nr. 10 (Oktober 2019): 1950124. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219455419501244.

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Mode shapes estimated from the vehicle responses are normally used to detect bridge damage efficiently for their high spatial resolution. However, an updated baseline finite element model (FEM) is normally required to quantify damages for such an approach. A two-stage damage detection procedure is presented for bridges by utilizing the mode shape estimated from a moving vehicle. Damage locations are first determined through a damage localization index (DLI) defined by regional mode shape curvature (RMSC). Then the relationship between the damage extents and the RMSC changes is investigated by FEM simulation. Finally, an equation set to quantify the single and multiple damages is deduced by combining the RMSCs and the relationship between the damage extents and the RMSC changes established by an un-updated FEM. Numerical and experimental examples are carried out to verify the validity and efficiency of the two-stage method. The results revealed that it can localize and quantify damages with satisfactory precision by using the response measured from one sensor only.

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Lu, Weifeng, Xiaoli Chen, Yi Si, Shichai Hong, Zhengyu Shi und Weiguo Fu. „Transplantation of Rat Mesenchymal Stem Cells Overexpressing Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 2α Improves Blood Perfusion and Arteriogenesis in a Rat Hindlimb Ischemia Model“. Stem Cells International 2017 (2017): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/3794817.

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Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been increasingly tested in cell-based therapy to treat numerous diseases. Genetic modification to improve MSC behavior may enhance posttransplantation outcome. This study aims to test the potential therapeutic benefits of rat bone marrow MSCs overexpressing hypoxia-inducible factor 2α (rMSCsHIF-2α) in a rat hindlimb ischemia model. PBS, rMSCs, or rMSCsHIF-2α were injected into rat ischemic hindlimb. Compared with the injection of PBS or rMSCs, transplantation of rMSCsHIF-2α significantly improved blood perfusion, increased the number of vessel branches in the muscle of the ischemic hindlimb, and improved the foot mobility of the ischemic hindlimb (all P<0.05). rMSCHIF-2α transplantation also markedly increased the expression of proangiogenic factors VEGF, bFGF, and SDF1 and Notch signaling proteins including DII4, NICD, Hey1, and Hes1, whereas it reduced the expression of proapoptotic factor Bax in the muscle of the ischemic hindlimb. Overexpression of HIF-2α did not affect rMSC stemness and proliferation under normoxia but significantly increased rMSC migration and tube formation in matrigel under hypoxia (all P<0.05). RMSCsHIF-2α stimulated endothelial cell invasion under hypoxia significantly (P<0.05). Genetic modification of rMSCs via overexpression of HIF-2α improves posttransplantation outcomes in a rat hindlimb ischemia model possibly by stimulating proangiogenic growth factors and cytokines.

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Bivalacqua, Trinity J., Weiwen Deng, Muammer Kendirci, Mustafa F. Usta, Christine Robinson, Bradley K. Taylor, Subramanyam N. Murthy, Hunter C. Champion, Wayne J. G. Hellstrom und Philip J. Kadowitz. „Mesenchymal stem cells alone or ex vivo gene modified with endothelial nitric oxide synthase reverse age-associated erectile dysfunction“. American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 292, Nr. 3 (März 2007): H1278—H1290. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00685.2006.

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Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can be used in adult stem cell-based gene therapy for vascular diseases. To test the hypothesis that MSCs alone or endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS)-modified MSCs can be used for treatment of erectile dysfunction (ED), syngeneic rat MSCs (rMSCs) were isolated, ex vivo expanded, transduced with adenovirus containing eNOS, and injected into the penis of aged rats. Histological analysis demonstrated that rMSCs survived for at least 21 days in corporal tissue after intracavernous injection, and an inflammatory response was not induced. Intracavernous administration of eNOS-modified rMSCs improved the erectile response in aged rats at 7 and 21 days after injection. The increase in erectile function was associated with increased eNOS protein, NOS activity, and cGMP levels. rMSCs alone increased erectile function of aged rats at day 21, but not at day 7, with the transplanted cells exhibiting positive immunostaining for several endothelial and smooth muscle cell markers. This change in rMSC phenotype was accompanied by upregulation of penile eNOS protein expression/activity and elevated cGMP levels. These findings demonstrate that an adenovirus can be used to transduce ex vivo expanded rMSCs to express eNOS and that eNOS-modified rMSCs improve erectile function in the aged rat. Intracavernous injection of unmodified wildtype rMSCs improved erectile function 21 days after injection through mechanisms involving improved endothelium-derived NO/cGMP signaling and rMSC differentiation into penile cells expressing endothelial and smooth muscle markers. These data highlight the potential clinical use of adult stem cell-based therapy for the treatment of ED.

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Safitri, Erma, und Mas'ud Hariadi. „Comparison of biotechnological culture of hypoxia-conditioned rat mesenchymal stem cells with conventional in vitro culture of normoxia-conditioned rat mesenchymal stem cells for testicular failure therapy with low libido in rats“. Veterinary World 12, Nr. 6 (Juni 2019): 916–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2019.916-924.

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Aim: Biotechnological culture of hypoxia-conditioned (CH) rat mesenchymal stem cells (rMSC-CH) for testicular failure therapy with low libido improves the functional outcome of the testicle for producing spermatogenic cells and repairs Leydig cells in rats (Rattus norvegicus). Materials and Methods: In the first group (T1), rats with testicular failure and low libido were injected with normoxia-conditioned (CN) rMSCs (21% oxygen); in the second group (T2), rats with testicular failure and low libido were injected with rMSC-CH (1% oxygen); in the negative control group (T–), rats with normal testis were injected with 0.1 mL phosphate-buffered saline (PBS); and in the sham group (TS), rats with testicular failure and low libido were injected with 0.1 mL of PBS. Results: Vascular endothelial growth factor expression, as the homing signal, in the groups T2, T–, T1, and TS was 2.00±0.5%, 2.95±0.4%, 0.33±0.48%, and 0±0%, respectively. The number of cluster of differentiation (CD)34+ and CD45+ cells in the groups T– and TS was <20%, whereas that in T1 and T2 groups was >30% and >80%, respectively, showing the mobilization of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). The number of spermatogenic cells (spermatogonia, primary spermatocytes, secondary spermatocytes, and spermatid) decreased significantly (p<0.05) in TS compared with that in T–, T1, and T2, whereas that in T2 did not show a significant (p>0.05) decrease compared to that in T–. The improvement in libido, based on the number of Leydig cells producing the hormone testosterone for libido expression, did not increase in T1, whereas T2 was able to maintain the number of Leydig cells significantly compared to that between TS and T1. Conclusion: rMSC-CH culture for testicular failure with low libido showed improvement in the functional outcome of the testicle and in repairing Leydig cells.

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Hirota, Yusuke, und Masaru Hakoda. „Relationship between Dielectric Characteristic by DEP Levitation and Differentiation Activity for Stem Cells“. Key Engineering Materials 459 (Dezember 2010): 84–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.459.84.

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In our previous study, we discussed the possibility of differentiation activity measurement for rat mesenchymal stem cells (RMSC) by Dielectrophoretic (DEP) levitation. Consequently, it was found that the differentiation activity of the RMSC could be evaluated by DEP levitation without the differentiation induction. Thus, we discuss the possibility of differentiation activity evaluation by DEP levitation with cells other than the RMSC. Human mesenchymal stem cells (HMSC) and human adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ASC) were used as the sample cells. The dielectric characteristics (Re[K(ω)]) measurement, the Re[K(ω)] of both the HMSC and the ASC decreased with the increasing passage number. Moreover, to evaluate the differentiation activity of the HMSC and the ASC that had performed the osteoblast differentiation induction, the amount of Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) was measured. Consequently, the ALP activity of both the HMSC and ASC decreased with increasing the passage number. Therefore, it was found that the differentiation activity of the HMSC and the ASC could be evaluated by measuring the Re[K(ω)] due to the relationship between the Re[K(ω)] and ALP activity.

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Mante, Francis K., Kevin Little, Mamle O. Mante, Christopher Rawle und George R. Baran. „Oxidation of Titanium, RGD Peptide Attachment, and Matrix Mineralization of Rat Bone Marrow Stromal Cells“. Journal of Oral Implantology 30, Nr. 6 (01.12.2004): 343–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1563/0.667.1.

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Abstract The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of attachment of arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) peptide to titanium surfaces oxidized by different methods. Titanium surfaces were treated as follows: (1) treatment A: passivation in nitric acid, (2) treatment B: heated in air at 400°C for 1 hour, (3) treatment C: immersed in 8.8 M H2O2/0.1 M HCl at 80°C for 30 minutes, and (4) treatment D: treated as in treatment C and then heated at 400°C for 1 hour. RGD was attached to titanium samples treated as in treatments A through D. The quantity of attached RGD was determined by an enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay. Mineralization of a rat bone marrow stromal cell (RMSC) culture on the titanium surfaces after 21 days was determined y atomic absorption spectroscopy. The treatments were ranked according to quantity of RGD attached as C, A, B, and D. Twenty-one days after RMSC culture, the degree of mineralization was significantly higher for treatment C than for treatments A, B, and D and for controls. The efficacy of RGD attachment varies with the oxidation treatment given to titanium. Oxidation in H2O2/0.1 M HCl at 80°C provided the best overall surface for RGD attachment as well as calcified matrix formation of RMSCs.

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Lu, Jing, Yan Zhang, Danjv Lv, Shanshan Xie, Yixing Fu, Dan Lv, Youjie Zhao und Zhun Li. „Improved Broad Learning System for Birdsong Recognition“. Applied Sciences 13, Nr. 19 (06.10.2023): 11009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app131911009.

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Birds play a vital and indispensable role in biodiversity and environmental conservation. Protecting bird diversity is crucial for maintaining the balance of nature, promoting ecosystem health, and ensuring sustainable development. The Broad Learning System (BLS) exhibits an excellent ability to extract highly discriminative features from raw inputs and construct complex feature representations by combining feature nodes and enhancement nodes, thereby enabling effective recognition and classification of various birdsongs. However, within the BLS, the selection of feature nodes and enhancement nodes assumes critical significance, yet the model lacks the capability to identify high quality network nodes. To address this issue, this paper proposes a novel method that introduces residual blocks and Mutual Similarity Criterion (MSC) layers into BLS to form an improved BLS (RMSC-BLS), which makes it easier for BLS to automatically select optimal features related to output. Experimental results demonstrate the accuracy of the RMSC-BLS model for the three construction features of MFCC, dMFCC, and dsquence is 78.85%, 79.29%, and 92.37%, respectively, which is 4.08%, 4.50%, and 2.38% higher than that of original BLS model. In addition, compared with other models, our RMSC-BLS model shows superior recognition performance, has higher stability and better generalization ability, and provides an effective solution for birdsong recognition.

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CROTTET, Pascal, Sandra COTTET und B. CORTHÉSY. „Expression, purification and biochemical characterization of recombinant murine secretory component: a novel tool in mucosal immunology“. Biochemical Journal 341, Nr. 2 (08.07.1999): 299–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj3410299.

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Reconstitution of secretory IgA (S-IgA) by the association in vitro of secretory component (SC) and polymeric IgA (pIgA) obtained from hybridomas is a valuable tool in the study of the structure-function relationship in this particular class of antibody. Although dimeric IgA (dIgA) can be obtained and purified from hybridoma clones, SC remains tedious to isolate in sufficient amounts from colostral milk. Several murine models for the study of mucosal immunity are available, which could potentially benefit from the use of cognate IgA antibodies in various molecular forms, including dIgA and S-IgA. We report here on the establishment of two expression systems allowing the production of milligram amounts of pure recombinant murine SC (rmSC) with preserved murine pIgA-binding capability. The first system relies on the use of recombinant vaccinia virus to prompt infected HeLa cells to express the murine SC protein, whereas the second system is based on a stably transfected cell clone exhibiting murine glycosylation. The second source of rmSC will permit the study of the role of its sugar moieties in pathogen-host interactions, and the evaluation of its function in passive protection without risking adverse immune responses. The extensive biochemical characterization conducted in this study demonstrates that rmSC is a dependable and convenient alternative to the natural product, and indicates that the J chain is dispensable in the recognition of pIgA and SCin vitro, whereas it is required for proper pIgA-polymeric Ig receptor interaction in vivo.

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Gul Amuk, Nisa, Gokmen Kurt, Erol Karsli, Servet Ozcan, Mustafa Burak Acar, Mehmet Amuk, Ayca Lekesizcan und Cem Abdulkadir Gurgan. „Effects of mesenchymal stem cell transfer on orthodontically induced root resorption and orthodontic tooth movement during orthodontic arch expansion protocols: an experimental study in rats“. European Journal of Orthodontics 42, Nr. 3 (30.05.2019): 305–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ejo/cjz035.

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Summary Objectives The aim was to evaluate the effects of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) transfer to periodontal ligament (PDL) on the inhibition and/or repair of orthodontically induced root resorption (OIRR) during and after arch expansion and on the orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) rate of the maxillary first molar teeth of rats. Material and methods Sixty Wistar rats were divided into three groups as the untreated group, MSC and control injections during the expansion period group (EMSC-EC), and MSC and control injections at the retention period group (RMSC-RC). Fifty grams of orthodontic force was applied to the maxillary first molar teeth of the rats for 14 days in the vestibular direction, and then, 20 days of retention was carried out. MSCs and control injections were performed every 3 days in the EC, RC, EMSC, and RMSC groups. At the end of the experiment, samples were prepared for OTM evaluation, mRNA expression analysis, micro-computed tomography measurements, cementum thickness calculations, and structural examinations. Results The amount of OTM in EMSC group was significantly higher than in EC group (P < 0.001). MSC transfer during the expansion and retention periods reduced the number of resorption lacunae, volumetric and linear resorptive measurements, and cyclooxygenase-2 and receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand (RANKL) mRNA expression levels, and increased the osteoprotegerin (OPG) expression levels, OPG/RANKL ratio, and cementum thickness in the EMSC and RMSC groups. Conclusions MSC transfer to PDL during expansion increased the amount of OTM. Injection of MSC during the retention period was found to be slightly more effective in prevention and/or repair of OIRR than MSC transfer during the expansion period.

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D'Elía, N. L., C. Mathieu, C. D. Hoemann, A. N. Gravina, J. Sartuqui und P. V. Messina. „Study of rMSC viability, morphology and adhesion on different bone mimetic surfaces“. Bone 89 (August 2016): 68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bone.2015.12.034.

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Dissertationen zum Thema "RMSC"

Barbosa, Marcio. „Modelagem de cadeia de suprimentos de produtos farmacêuticos e de cosméticos, usando sistemas de controle discreto: estudo de caso“. Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1843/RMSA-89WLM4.

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The objective of this essay is to use digital models predictors for echelon of a supply chain of pharmacist products and cosmetics, mainly for FMX Company that represents the weak echelon of the chain. The methodology is based on control systems and allows us to gain valuable insights into the dynamic behavior of supply chain replenishment rules. Also introduce engineering control concepts to quantify the variance amplification bullwhip effect (Forrester Effect) or variance reduction and in consequence the decreasing inventories throughout the chain, making it competitive. The applied methodology was the case study, within two echelons of the chain through real data and composed of up to and out order, it means, orders from an echelon down to and up to another one. At the end signaling demands were compared with and without filters, indifferent echelons, as well as the influence of the professional that is in charge of signaling the demand.
Esta dissertação tem como objetivo utilizar modelos digitais na previsão de demanda para elos de uma cadeia de suprimentos de produtos farmacêuticos e de cosméticos, principalmente para a empresa FMX, que se constitui no elo fraco da cadeia. A metodologia está baseada em sistema de controle que cria e permite ganhar habilidades no conhecimento dinâmico em cadeia de suprimento e regras de reabastecimento. Também introduz conceitos da área de engenharia de controle para quantificar o efeito de chicoteamento (efeito Forrester), redução da variância da demanda e, como conseqüência, o enxugamento de estoques ao longo da cadeia de suprimentos, tornando-a competitiva. A metodologia utilizada foi o Estudo de Caso, em dois elos da cadeia, através de dados reais, constituídos de demandas de entrada e de saída, ou seja, pedidos de elo a jusante para elo a montante e vice versa ao longo da cadeia. Ao final foram comparadas as sinalizações de demandas (previsões de demanda) com e sem filtros em diferentes elos, assim como a influência do profissional que decide ao sinalizar a demanda.

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Hallak, Ricardo. „Simulações numéricas de tempestades severas na RMSP“. Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/14/14133/tde-04032009-085852/.

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Tempestades severas ocorrem na Região Metropolitana de São Paulo (RMSP) principalmente nos meses quentes e úmidos do ano. Nesta tese, os mecanismos de disparo da convecção profunda são estudados por meio de análises observacionais e simulações numéricas com o Advanced Regional Prediction System (ARPS). A metodologia proposta compreende o uso da parametrização microfísica fria na simulação dos processos físicos que levam à formação de nuvens cumulonimbus, sem o uso da parametrização de cúmulos nas grades de altíssima resolução espacial. Nos eventos estudados, as primeiras células de precipitação observadas e simuladas surgiram em razão da interação entre o escoamento atmosférico na camada limite planetária e a topografia local. As células secundárias foram geralmente mais intensas, uma vez que elas surgiram após o aquecimento diabático adicional. O mecanismo de disparo das células secundárias foi a corrente ascendente induzida pela propagação horizontal das frentes de rajada em baixos níveis da atmosfera das correntes descendentes das células primárias. As frentes de rajada tiveram velocidade de propagação horizontal típica de 6 m s-1. No evento de 02 de fevereiro de 2004, células convectivas profundas foram simuladas com alto grau de realismo no domínio da grade de 3 km de resolução espacial. Observou-se que, neste caso, a frente de brisa marítima pôde atuar como guia de ondas para a colisão entre duas frentes de rajada. A propagação da frente de brisa marítima para o interior do continente ocorreu em conjunção a um forte gradiente de vapor dágua nos níveis mais baixos da troposfera. As células convectivas profundas secundárias surgiram e se desenvolveram exatamente nesta zona de interface, a qual representa o contraste entre as diferentes massas de ar marítima e continental. No evento de 04 de fevereiro de 2004, na grade de 1 km de resolução, a análise objetiva com as medidas das estações de superfície na RMSP correspondente às 1800 UTC indicou a presença de uma ilha de calor urbana com até 4 oC de aquecimento diferencial entre a Capital e vizinhanças. O principal efeito da assimilação destas medidas foi a redução do NCL em até 80 hPa, o que favoreceu o disparo da convecção naquela área.
Severe thunderstorms occur in the Metropolitan Area of São Paulo (MASP) mainly in the warm and wet months of the year. In this work, the triggering mechanisms of deep convection are studied through observed data and numerical simulations with the Advanced Regional Prediction System (ARPS). The proposed methodology focuses in the use of microphysics parameterization of cold clouds to simulate physical process linked to the life cycle of thunderstorms. The cumulus cloud parameterization isnt used in high resolution numerical grids. In the real case studies, both observed and simulated, early convective cells developed as a consequence of the interaction between the planetary boundary layer atmospheric flow and the local topography. The secondary convective cells were generally strongest, once they developed after additional surface diabatic heating. The triggering mechanism of these secondary cells was the updraft induced by gust fronts generated by downdrafts of primary cells. The gust fronts had a typical horizontal propagation velocity of 6 m s-1. In the February 02 2004 event, deep convective cells were simulated with high degree of realism with a 3 km resolution grid. It was observed that, in this case, the sea-breeze front could act as a wave guide to the collision between two different gust fronts. In addition, the sea breeze front propagated to the continental area together with a strong low level water vapor gradient. The secondary deep convective cells arose and developed exactly on this interface zone, which represents the contrast between the oceanic and continental air masses. The interface zone was marked by a water vapor mixing rate of 14 g kg-1. In the February 04 2004 event, the objective analysis, made with some MASP´s surface stations measurements at 1800 UTC in the 1 km resolution grid, indicates the presence of an urban heat island with up to 4 oC of differential heating between São Paulo city and its neighboring area. The main effect in assimilating these surface measurements was the lowering of the lift condensation level up to 80 hPa, which favored the triggering of convection in that area.

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Rühl, Maximilian. „Prozessmodellierung von Reaktiv-Multischicht-Systemen (RMS)“. Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-198818.

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The focus of this work is the theoretical and experimentell descreption of so-called Reactive Multilayer Systems (RMS). The RMS consist of at least two mostly metallic materials, which can exothermic response with each other. Using magnetron sputter deposition (MSD) several hundred to thousands alternating layers are produced. The periodic thickness varies between 10-150 nm and the total thickness between 10-100 µ m . The exotermic reaction is effected by an activation energy, e.g. with an electric spark. In this case a phase transition of the RMS materials, which are in a metastable equilibrium, will take place. This released energy in the shape of heat, which actvates the reaction in the neighboring areas. It forms a self-sustaining thermal wave through the RMS foil. In this case the amount of energy is present, that a solder on the RMS or the joining samples or even the material itself can be melted. Therefore the RMS can be used as a heat source for joining two components. The major advantage of this technology is the very low heat input in the bonding components, due to the milliseconds of the reaction. Thus the components are heated only superfical and there is no structural damage. Thus a very low-stress joining is possible. Furthermore is guaranteed, because of the metallic materials, a very high electrical and thermal conductivity. For the theoretical characterization of the physical and chemical processes within the RMS FEM-Simulations of the absolut temperature and the propagation velocity are preformed. In order to calculate the tmeperature ditribution in the components a new method will presented. It is thus possible to calculate the temperature penetration of the components to determine potential thermal barrier layer-thickness and the meltig time. Thus parameters for the specific joint problem such as period thickness, etc. of the RMS are derived. Modelling the heat transport after joining with RMS it is possible to derive a corralation between the thermal conductivity and shear strength. To quantify the theoretical results and to require certain parameters for the calculations experiments were preformed. The RMS will be investigated experimentally in terms of their enthalpy H , propagation velocity v , nascent temperature, melting time t schmelz , interdiffusion zone w , phase transition and its use as inovative heat source for joining components. The experimental results are compared with the theortical and complet this work.

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Busfield, Anthony Leigh. „The RMS survey : radio and millimeter studies“. Thesis, University of Leeds, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.424608.

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Peres, Thais Helena de Alcântara. „Educação superior, emprego e renda: uma relação problemática. RMSP. 2002-2009“. Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8132/tde-27092010-160051/.

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Este estudo investigou a relação entre educação e renda a fim de entender os limites da educação superior como promotora do bem-estar individual e social. Pretende, assim, contribuir para a análise dos impactos, no curto prazo, da educação superior sobre o mercado de trabalho e sobre a renda dos trabalhadores em seu conjunto. A escolha do recorte de tempo, 2002-2009, é particular porque é o momento no qual as dinâmicas de três processos sociais, aparentemente sem muita sinergia entre eles, começam a se encontrar. Os processos são: (i) a expansão do acesso ao ensino superior, particularmente do setor privado; (ii) a reestruturação do mercado de trabalho na RMSP Região Metropolitana de São Paulo; e (iii) o crescimento da PIA População em Idade Ativa. A questão que se colocou foi entender quais arranjos sociais seriam feitos para dar conta da maior entrada de pessoas mais jovens e mais escolarizadas num mercado de trabalho que redefinia a sua estrutura de oportunidades. Foram utilizados os bancos de dados da PME Pesquisa Mensal de Emprego do IBGE para as análises cross section dos mesmos pares de indivíduos em dois momentos, 2002-2003 e 2008- 2009, fornecendo elementos descritivos para a compreensão da relação em foco. Modelos probabilísticos Logit e OLogit foram modelados para a mensuração dos impactos, entre 2002 e 2009, da escolaridade sobre a ocupação (emprego ou desemprego); da escolaridade sobre a qualidade da ocupação (mercado formal ou mercado informal); e os impactos na renda recebida pelos indivíduos segundo as características de escolaridade, idade, gênero, cor, condição na família e inserção no mercado de trabalho. Entre outras conclusões, os resultados desta investigação reafirmam as possibilidades muito maiores do trabalhador com ensino superior de estar nos estratos superiores de renda, mas destacam que ele perdeu importância para fins de empregabilidade no período analisado, ao contrário do trabalhador com ensino médio cuja importância aumenta para fins de empregabilidade.
This study assesses the relation between education and income in order to understand the limits of higher education as a promoter of individual and social welfare. Thus seeks to contribute to the analysis of the impacts in the short run of higher education on the labor market and the income of workers. The chosen period of analysis, 2002-2009, is special because it is the moment when the dynamics of three social processes begin to meet, though apparently without much synergy among them. The processes are: (i) the expanding access to higher education, particularly at private institutions, (ii) the restructuring of the labor market in Sao Paulo Metropolitan Area, and (iii) the working age population growth. The issue was about social arrangements that would be made to allow more young and educated people entering in the labor market whose structure of opportunities have been redefined. The databases of the PME (Montly Employment Survey)/IBGE were used for cross section analysis of the same pairs of individuals on 2002-2003 and 2008-2009 and provided descriptive statistics to figure out the relation between education and income across the population. Probabilistic Models - Logit and OLogit - were modeled to measure education impacts between 2002 and 2009 on the occupation (employment or unemployment); schooling on the quality of occupation (the formal or informal market), and impacts on individuals income according to characteristics of schooling, age, gender, race, family position and insertion in the labor market. Among other conclusions, the results of this investigation reaffirm the far greater probabilities of workers with higher education earn higher wages, but stressed that higher education became less important for employability in the period analyzed, unlike high school whose importance increases for employability.

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Flynn, Kevin. „THE RMS FRAMEWORK OF ACADEMIC MARKETING RESEARCH PRODUCTIVITY“. Cleveland State University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1600792969043768.

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Lee, Hye Joo. „CRT-RMS cross-cultural study with Korean college students“. Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/39505.

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The Conditional Reasoning Test-Relative Motive Strength (CRT-RMS; James, 1998) has shown to be a psychometrically reliable and valid approach for measuring implicit motives and biases in United States and European contexts (James&Rentsch, 2004; Mot, 2003). Extended from previous research, the current study demonstrated the utility of the CRT-RMS with a sample of 186 college students in Korea. The results showed a significant association between the CRT-RMS scores and Korean college students' grade point average. Korean samples also supported the dissociative model in relating with self-report measures. Additionally, mean score differences on implicit and explicit measures of achievement motivation between Korean and US samples provided meaningful information. Implications of cross-culturally valid implicit measures are discussed.

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Teixeira, Marcelo. „A sustentabilidade na RMSP através do saneamento básico: Sabesp, um estudo de caso“. Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8138/tde-17112010-145014/.

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O trabalho consiste em entender o papel de uma empresa de saneamento, a Sabesp, Companhia de Saneamento Básico de São Paulo, na sustentabilidade da Região Metropolitana de São Paulo, RMSP, através de seus projetos estruturantes: Projeto Tietê, Projeto Vida Nova, Córrego Limpo e o PURA. Para tanto, foram analisados os dados oficiais dos programas desenvolvidos pela companhia paulista juntamente com depoimentos dos profissionais envolvidos com os projetos, com especialista do Instituto de Pesquisas Tecnológicas - IPT e do responsável pelo Programa Vida Nova da PMSP. A partir de então, pôde-se concluir que, apesar do bom encaminhamento dos programas e de suas ações serem multidisciplinares, é necessário que, para que se tenha um resultado efetivo, todas as ações sejam pensadas e desenvolvidas de forma ampla e sistemática, com participação intensa e colaborativa de toda a sociedade bem como de agentes públicos e privados e em longo prazo.
The work consists in understanding the role of a sanitation company, Sabesp, the Basic Sanitation Company of São Paulo, at the sustainability of São Paulo´s Metropolitan Region (RMSP), by means of its structuring projects: Projeto Tietê, Projeto Vida Nova, Córrego Limpo and PURA. In order to do that, the official data of the developed programs by the São Paulo´s company have been analyzed, together with the statements of the professionals involved with the projects, with the expert of the Instituto de Pesquisa Tecnológica - IPT and the responsible for the Programa Vida Nova of São Paulo´s City Hall. From then on, it was possible to conclude that, despite the good management of the programs and that their actions are multitasks, it is necessary that, in order to achieve an effective result, all actions are reasoned and developed in a broad and systematic way, with an intense and collaborative participation of all society as well as the public and private players and in the long term.

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Nestler, Franziska. „Automated Parameter Tuning based on RMS Errors for nonequispaced FFTs“. Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-qucosa-160989.

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In this paper we study the error behavior of the well known fast Fourier transform for nonequispaced data (NFFT) with respect to the L2-norm. We compare the arising errors for different window functions and show that the accuracy of the algorithm can be significantly improved by modifying the shape of the window function. Based on the considered error estimates for different window functions we are able to state an easy and efficient method to tune the involved parameters automatically. The numerical examples show that the optimal parameters depend on the given Fourier coefficients, which are assumed not to be of a random structure or roughly of the same magnitude but rather subject to a certain decrease.

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Kalikavunkal, Priya. „Development of EMT Simulation Model to Use RMS Control Model“. Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-187641.

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Evolution is continuous and as a result, developments in semiconductors are endless. This led to the Voltage Source Converter (VSC) based High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) converter termed as HVDC light. HVDC light is quite preferable because of its pros in the technology used as well as the application it is used for. For instance, the VSC technology allows independent control of the real and reactive power and has reduced short circuit current. HVDC light are used in applications such as wind power integration, offshore power supply, underground transmission and in enhancing connected AC networks. It is vital that the control system in HVDC ensures the stability of the system and the power flow between the AC and DC systems. This is done by determining the instant at which the IGBT’s are fired in the converterstations (at both rectifier and inverter). ABB has developed RMS (using sequence components and phasors) control system based on the actual control system in a fully graphical programming language tool known as Hidraw. This RMS control has been implemented in other simulation software such as Netomac, Power factory and PSS/E. the RMS control Model is named by ABB as Common Component. The thesis aims at implementing an RMS control Model in an EMT (Electro Magnetic Transient Tools) simulation, carried out at the department of High Voltage Direct Current at ABB, Ludvika. The RMS control Model is a developed power system control and protection model which uses a simplified representation of areal time control system. When implemented, the RMS control model results are then compared with the detailed control representation implemented in PSCAD. The thesis is a result of ABB’s innovative ideas in implementing the RMS control model called Common Component into various other simulation tools of different compatibility that enables the control system to be exercised and exploited to its fullest. It also gives the prospect in developing the control system to ensure the electrical system is more efficient. The control system implemented in the EMT tool will enable developing better EMT models. The Common Component is developed but has not been implemented in PSCAD. There has been no reference to such work being carried out. Hence no reference has been referred to specific to the main work. Currently the EMT tool uses a detailed representation that shares the same code as the actual control system, MACHTM (Modular Advanced Control for HVDC) [9] control system. The implementation of Common Component in PSCAD requires an interface between them to pass the necessary parameters between them. The Common Component is developed in C++ and FORTRAN while PSCAD uses FORTRAN and hence proper interface in C++ is developed. Thereafter the electrical model representing one HVDC station (rectifier) is modelled in PSCAD. Four electrical models are implemented, described and evaluated to achieve proper control in the electrical system. The electrical models are operated in STATCOM (Static synchronous compensator) mode, where either reactive power or AC Voltage Control can be used. The model is run in reactive power control mode and the system is studied along with the control system for the required control. Model 4 gives more accurate results compared with the other models. There is better reactive power control in monitoring the PCC (point of common Coupling) and converter bus of the HVDC system. Since the Common Component is a simplified representation of the MACH [9] control system, it can behanded over to third parties without IP concerns. A simplified representation also gives the advantage of reduced simulation time. The electrical model can be further extended for both the converter stations and assessed for other control modes such as real power, dc voltage control and ac voltage control. Also the model needs to be further investigated on its behavior when subjected to faults.
Utveckling är kontinuerlig och det betyder att även utvecklingen av halvledare är oändlig. Det har lett till att en Voltage Source Converter (VSC) baserad High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) omvandlare som kallas HVDC Light har skapats. HVDC light är att föredra på grund av dess fördelar i den teknik som används samt applikationerna den används för. Till exempel så tillåter VSC tekniken oberoende kontroll av den verkliga och reaktiva effekten och har minskat kortslutningsströmen. HVDC Light används i applikationer så som vindkraftintegration, offshore strömförsörjning, markkabelöverföring och för att förbättra anslutna växelströmsnät. Styrsystemet i HVDC säkerställer stabiliteten i systemet och kraftflödet mellan AC- och DC-system. Detta görs genom att bestämma det ögonblick då IGBT tänds i strömriktarstationerna (både likriktare och växelriktare). ABB har utvecklat ett RMS (med sekvenskomponenter och fasvektorer) styrsystem baserat på det faktiska styrsystemet i ett helt grafiskt programmeringsverktyg som kallas Hidraw. Denna RMS-kontroll har implementerats i andra simuleringsprogram såsom Netomac, Powerfactory och PSS/E. ABB kallar sin RMS-kontroll för Common Component. Avhandlingen syftar till att implementera en RMS-styrsystemsmodell i en EMT (Electro Magnetic Transient Tools) simulering som utförs vid institutionen för högspänd likström vid ABB, Ludvika. RMS-styrsystemsmodellen är ett befintligt utvecklat styr- och skyddssystem som använder en förenklad representation av det verkliga styrsystemet. När det implementerats jämförs resultaten från RMS-modelen med detaljerade styrsystemsrepresentationer som genomförts i PSCAD. Avhandlingen är ett resultat av ABBs innovativa idéer att implementera Common Component i olika simuleringsverktyg, trots deras olikheter, vilket gör det möjligt att prova och utvärdera styrsystemet maximalt. Det ger också utvecklingspotential för effektiviteten i kraftnäten. Att implementera styrsystemet i ett EMT-verktyg ger även bättre kunskap om att utveckla bättre EMT modeller. Common Component är redan utvecklad men har inte blivit implementerad i PSCAD. Det finns inga referenser till att något sådant arbete har utförts. Därför har inga sådana referenser tagits upp i rapporten. För närvarande så använder EMT verktyget en detaljerad styrsystemsrepresentation som delar samma kodbas som det verkliga styrsystemet, MACHTM (Modular Advanced Control for HVDC) [9]. Implemeteringen av Common Component i PSCAD kräver att gränssnitt mellan de båda kan överföra nödvändiga parametrar. Common Component är utvecklat i C++ och FORTRAN, PSCAD använder FORTRAN. För att kommunikationen mellan de två verktygen ska fungera har ett gränssnitt utvecklats i C++. Den elektriska modell som representerar en HVDC station (likriktaren) har tagits fram i PSCAD. Totalt har fyra olika elektriska modeller implementerats, beskrivits och utvärderats för att hitta en optimal representation. Implemeteringen av Common Component i PSCAD kräver att gränssnitt mellan de båda kan överföra nödvändiga parametrar. Common Component är utvecklat i C++ och FORTRAN, PSCAD använder FORTRAN. För att kommunikationen mellan de två verktygen ska fungera har ett gränssnitt utvecklats i C++. Den elektriska modell som representerar en HVDC station (likriktaren) har tagits fram i PSCAD. Totalt har fyra olika elektriska modeller implementerats, beskrivits och utvärderats för att hitta en optimal representation.

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Bücher zum Thema "RMSC"

Minkov, Todor. Dve pobedi na RMS: Pŭrvii͡a︡t kongres na RMS, prot͡s︡esŭt sreshtu T͡S︡K na RMS. Sofii͡a︡: "Nar. mladezh", 1989.

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Chen, Derek Hung Chiat. The rmsm-x+p: A minimal poverty module for the rmsm-x. [Washington, D.C: World Bank, 2004.

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Larry Smith & Associates. Retail facilities in the RMOC. Toronto: Larry Smith & Associates, 1985.

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Ferut, Michael. RMS Queen Mary. Minneapolis, MN: Bellwether Media, Inc., 2015.

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Cooper, Suzanne Tarbell. RMS Queen Mary. Charleston, S.C: Arcadia Pub., 2010.

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Stoĭkov, Mari͡an. Nashii͡at RMS: Spomeni. Sofii͡a: Nar. mladezh, 1989.

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Everaert, Luc. A RMSM-X model for Turkey. Washington, DC: Country Economics Dept., World Bank, 1990.

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Case, Susan H. 4 rms w vu. Woodstock, NY: Mayapple Press, 2014.

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Hind, Andrew. RMS Segwun: Queen of Muskoka. Toronto: Dundurn, 2012.

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Tubbs, Randy L. RMC Lonestar, San Francisco, California. [Atlanta, Ga.?]: U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 1999.

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Buchteile zum Thema "RMSC"

Knudsen, Lars R., und Tadayoshi Kohno. „Analysis of RMAC“. In Fast Software Encryption, 182–91. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-39887-5_14.

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Variend, S. „Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS)“. In Paediatric Neoplasia, 99–107. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2224-5_13.

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Shekhar, Shashi, und Hui Xiong. „RMS Error“. In Encyclopedia of GIS, 967. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-35973-1_1135.

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Moore, Cameron. „RMS Lusitania“. In Maritime Operations Law in Practice, 151–67. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003307013-17.

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Kemme, Nils. „RMGC-Design-Planning Problem“. In Contributions to Management Science, 89–116. Heidelberg: Physica-Verlag HD, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7908-2885-6_4.

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Kemme, Nils. „Operational RMGC-Planning Problems“. In Contributions to Management Science, 117–202. Heidelberg: Physica-Verlag HD, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7908-2885-6_5.

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Weik, Martin H. „rms pulse duration“. In Computer Science and Communications Dictionary, 1498. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-0613-6_16435.

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Nahler, Gerhard. „risk management system (RMS)“. In Dictionary of Pharmaceutical Medicine, 163. Vienna: Springer Vienna, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-211-89836-9_1247.

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Abdi, M. Reza, Ashraf W. Labib, Farideh Delavari Edalat und Alireza Abdi. „RMS Value Chain Architecture“. In Integrated Reconfigurable Manufacturing Systems and Smart Value Chain, 43–58. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-76846-5_3.

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Kemme, Nils. „Simulation Study on RMGC-Design Planning“. In Contributions to Management Science, 221–333. Heidelberg: Physica-Verlag HD, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7908-2885-6_7.

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Konferenzberichte zum Thema "RMSC"

Radhika, K. R., C. N. Pushpa, J. Thriveni und K. R. Venugopal. „RMSC: Robust modeling of subspace clustering for high dimensional data“. In 2017 International Conference on Advances in Computing, Communications and Informatics (ICACCI). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icacci.2017.8126059.

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Garces, Pablo Caballero, Xavier Costa Perez, Konstantinos Samdanis und Albert Banchs. „RMSC: A Cell Slicing Controller for Virtualized Multi-Tenant Mobile Networks“. In 2015 IEEE 81st Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC Spring). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/vtcspring.2015.7146061.

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Imani, Mohsen, Ricardo Garcia, Saransh Gupta und Tajana Rosing. „RMAC“. In ISLPED '18: International Symposium on Low Power Electronics and Design. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3218603.3218621.

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Park, Jinsu, Eunbi Cho und Woongki Baek. „RMC“. In ESWEEK'16: TWELFTH EMBEDDED SYSTEM WEEK. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2968478.2968494.

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Bryan, A., S. J. Hu und Y. Koren. „Assembly System Reconfiguration Planning Using Genetic Algorithm“. In ASME 2008 9th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2008-59066.

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Due to increased competition, the rate at which manufacturers introduce new product families to the market is increasing. However, the cost of changing manufacturing facilities to produce new product families can outweigh the benefits obtained from increased revenue. Reconfigurable Manufacturing Systems (RMSs) have been proposed as a cost effective strategy for manufacturing product families. Although methods for measuring RMS scalability and convertibility exist, there is a lack of methods for obtaining reconfiguration plans for assembly systems. This paper introduces assembly system reconfiguration planning (ASRP) as method to obtain reconfiguration plans for assembly systems. A genetic algorithm is developed for solving the ASRP problem.

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Kestor, Gokcen, Vasileios Karakostas, Osman S. Unsal, Adrian Cristal, Ibrahim Hur und Mateo Valero. „RMS-TM“. In Proceeding of the second joint WOSP/SIPEW international conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1958746.1958795.

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McKinley, Philip K., Ravi T. Rao und Robin F. Wright. „H-RMC“. In the 1999 ACM/IEEE conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/331532.331540.

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Ellingsberg, Kristian B. „Predictable maximum RMS-error for windowed RMS (RMWS)“. In 2012 Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements (CPEM 2012). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cpem.2012.6250925.

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„Chairman's welcome message“. In 2016 IEEE Radar Methods and Systems Workshop (RMSW). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/rmsw.2016.7778538.

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Sokolov, G. Ye. „A security Doppler radar experiment“. In 2016 IEEE Radar Methods and Systems Workshop (RMSW). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/rmsw.2016.7778555.

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Berichte der Organisationen zum Thema "RMSC"

Smartt, Heidi A., und Steven Hammon. Energy Harvesting RMSA Field Test. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1481636.

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Waldo, E. J. RMCS exhauster data logger configuration. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), Dezember 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/48733.

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Hammon, Steven, und Heidi A. Smartt. Energy Harvesting RMSA Field Test. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), Oktober 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1531314.

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Guarini, William. Remote Minehunting System (RMS). Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, November 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ad1019510.

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Walser, Alex, und LouAnn Burnett. RMS Assessment Report Final. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), Juni 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1762631.

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Cantor, Amy G., Rebecca M. Jungbauer, Andrea C. Skelly, Erica L. Hart, Katherine Jorda, Cynthia Davis-O'Reilly, Aaron B. Caughey und Ellen L. Tilden. Respectful Maternity Care: Dissemination and Implementation of Perinatal Safety Culture To Improve Equitable Maternal Healthcare Delivery and Outcomes. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), Januar 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepccer269.

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Objective. To summarize current research defining and measuring respectful maternity care (RMC) and evaluate the effectiveness of RMC and implementation strategies to improve health outcomes, particularly for populations at risk for health disparities. Data sources. Ovid MEDLINE®, Embase®, and Cochrane CENTRAL from inception to November 2022 and SocINDEX to July 2023; manual review of reference lists and responses to a Federal Register Notice. Review methods. Dual review of eligible abstracts and full-text articles using predefined criteria. Data abstraction and quality assessment dual reviewed using established methods. Systematic evaluation of psychometric studies of RMC tools using adapted criteria. Meta-analysis not conducted due to heterogeneity of studies and limited data. Results. Searches identified 4,043 unique records. Thirty-seven studies were included across all questions, including the Contextual Question (CQ). Twenty-four validation studies (3 observational studies, 21 cross-sectional studies) evaluated 12 tools for measuring RMC. One randomized controlled trial (RCT) evaluated RMC effectiveness. There were no effectiveness trials from settings relevant to clinical practice in the United States and no studies evaluating effectiveness of RMC implementation. For the CQ, 12 studies defined 12 RMC frameworks. Two types of frameworks defined RMC: (1) Disrespect and Abuse (D&A) and (2) Rights-Based. Components of D&A frameworks served as indicators for recognizing mistreatment during childbirth, while Rights-Based frameworks incorporated aspects of reproductive justice, human rights, and anti-racism. Overlapping themes from RMC frameworks included: freedom from abuse, consent, privacy, dignity, communication, safety, and justice. Tools that measured RMC performed well based on psychometric measures, but no single tool stood out as the best measure of RMC. The intrapartum version of the Mother’s Autonomy in Decision-Making (MADM), Mothers On Respect index (MORi), and the Childbirth Options, Information, and Person-Centered Explanation (CHOICES) index for measuring RMC demonstrated good overall validity based on analysis of psychometric properties and were applicable to U.S. populations. The Revised Childbirth Experience Questionnaire (CEQ-2) demonstrated good overall validity for measuring childbirth experiences and included RMC components. One fair-quality RCT from Iran demonstrated lower rates of postpartum depression at 6-8 weeks for those who received RMC compared with controls (20% [11/55] vs. 50% [27/54], p=0.001), measured by the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale. No studies evaluated any other health outcomes or measured the effectiveness of RMC implementation strategies. Conclusions. RMC frameworks with overlapping components, themes, and definitions were well described in the literature, but consensus around one operational definition is needed. Validated tools to measure RMC performed well based on psychometric measures but have been subject to limited evaluation. A reliable metric informed by a standard definition could lead to further evaluation and implementation in U.S. settings. Evidence is currently lacking on the effectiveness of strategies to implement RMC to improve any maternal or infant health outcome.

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Foecke, Tim. Metallurgy of the RMS Titanic. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.ir.6118.

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Frank, D. D. Requirements Management System Browser (RMSB) software design description. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/328462.

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Hagedorn, D. N., K. K. Anderson und D. B. Simpson. Statistical parameter selection for RMS Lg amplitudes. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), Mai 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10154820.

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Turgel, R. S., O. B. Laug und T. E. Leedy. Electrical performance tests for true-RMS voltmeters. Gaithersburg, MD: National Bureau of Standards, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nbs.ir.88-3736.

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