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1
Degerfeldt, Anton. „It's About a Day : The Effect of Glucocorticoids on Shifting and Re-entraining the Circadian Rhythm in Peripheral Cells: A Review and Meta-Analysis“. Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för biovetenskap, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-17306.
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The circadian rhythm is a rhythm which permeates all aspects of biological life and follows the hours of the sun. The pace of the rhythm is controlled by a collection of neurons in the hypothalamus, called the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), whose signals affect rhythms throughout the body as can be seen in aspects of life from behavior down to oscillations of proteins in the cells. A disruption of this rhythm such as what happens during jet lag, where the rhythm of the SCN is out of synch with the rhythm of the rest of the body, is something that can have adverse effects on mental and physical health. To realign the SCN and the rhythm of the body, different methods and be implemented. This thesis investigated the effectiveness of glucocorticoids on re-aligning the rhythms of the body following a disruption through a meta-analysis and a qualitative review. The meta-analysis and review incorporated experiments from six articles investigating the hours of circadian rhythm shifts in the mouse model, after administering glucocorticoids. What was found was that the individual experiments presented results with high effect sizes; however, the direction of said effects was not uniform as the rhythms shifted in different directions. The lack of uniform direction caused no significant combined effect size to be found by this meta-analysis (MES=0.11 ± 0.06), showing that a statistical analysis based on hours shifted could not find a significant combined effect. The qualitative review, however, indicates that the administration of glucocorticoids shows an effect in re-entraining the rhythm of the peripheral parts of the body to that of the environmental cues and the SCN. Though no significant statistical effect was found in this analysis, the effect of glucocorticoids should not be discounted and could still prove a promising treatment for circadian disruptions, such as jet lag.
2
Wells, Christine Renée. „The effect of time of day on emotionality /“. Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC IP addresses, 1997. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p9811984.
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3
Blood, Mary Lee. „A comparison of circadian rhythms in day and night shift workers“. PDXScholar, 1990. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/3991.
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The present study examined whether and to what extent physiological rhythms of long-term . night workers become adapted to their unconventionally scheduled hours of work and sleep and how the degree of adaptation would be reflected in ratings of sleep quality, mood, anxiety, energy and satisfaction.
4
Berezuk, André Geraldo [UNESP]. „Análise das adversidades climáticas no oeste paulista e norte do Paraná“. Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/102967.
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berezuck_ag_dr_prud.pdf: 3585867 bytes, checksum: 369d960412156cb7787dd35cbfac2fd4 (MD5)A análise dos modos de atuação dos mecanismos atmosféricos é uma das bases da ciência climatológica, pois, através dessas, os pesquisadores estão aptos a fazer as diagnoses regionais, as prognoses climáticas, avaliar o possível impacto de variações climáticas e desenvolver projetos para mitigá-los. Seguindo essa lógica, foi elaborada a análise de adversidade climática do oeste paulista e do norte do Paraná. Para a efetuação dessa tarefa, foi utilizada a técnica de análise rítmica de Monteiro, sendo pesquisados os anos de 1997, 1998 e 2001 nas localidades de Presidente Prudente, Maringá e Londrina. Além da pesquisa dos dados diários desses três anos, em que foram criados 108 gráficos de análise rítmica e 108 gráficos de eventos climáticos, foram analisados 27 anos de dados mensais e anuais (1976- 2003) que possibilitaram a elaboração de 54 figuras, 67 tabelas, 102 gráficos e 9 organogramas, em que foram analisadas as características atmosféricas regionais, observando possíveis tendências de alterações climáticas futuras. Foram constatados, ao longo da análise, que a área de estudo está passando por um processo de aquecimento de até 1ºC, além de um processo de fortalecimento sazonal, com as estações mais secas e chuvosas tornando-se mais bem definidas, o que pode causar, futuramente, uma maior quantidade de eventos extremos e adversidades climáticas, que, por sua vez, podem afetar as cidades e a produção agrícola.
Analyzing how the atmospheric mechanisms act is a great base of the climate science because it allows the researches to know about the regional weather aspects, to discuss the possible impact of climatic variations and to develop projects in order to protect the region against these possible variations in the soon future. Following this idea, we elaborated an analysis about hazards in the Western Sao Paolo State and the North Parana State in Brazil. We based on the Monteiro rhythm analysis method to study the cities Presidente Prudente, Maringa and Londrina in the years 1997, 1998 and 2001. Through the search of diary weather statistics we created 108 rhythm analysis graphics and 108 climatic event graphics. Besides them, we studied 27 years of mensal and annual statistics (1976 - 2003) which allowed the creation of 54 figures, 67 tables, 102 graphics and 9 examples. Through these we analyzed regional climatic aspects, searching for future tendencies of climate variations. It was verified by the analysis a warming of one Celsius degree at the studied areas and also a process of sazonalization which showed more clearly the division of wet and dry seasons. We see that it could result in the future more cases of hazards that could affect the cities and the agricultural production. The thesis revels that the climatic rhythms study, the interpretation of regional climatic variation and the study of the necessary actions to protect the areas against hazards are complex questions which involve great series of variables that, sometimes, the statistical techniques are not able to solve, despite its powerful and recognition in science. Because of that, it is extremely important the careful interpretation of climatic aspects by rhythm paradigm, mainly linking it with statistical techniques as well.
5
Baxter, C. E. „Low back pain and time of day : A study of their effects on psychophysical performance“. Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.234818.
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6
Berezuk, André Geraldo. „Análise das adversidades climáticas no oeste paulista e norte do Paraná /“. Presidente Prudente : [s.n.], 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/102967.
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Orientador: João Lima Sant'Anna NetoBanca: Margarete Cristiane de Costa Trindade Amorim
Banca: José Tadeu Garcia Tommaselli
Banca: Inês Moresco Danni-Oliveira
Banca: Emerson Galvani
A análise dos modos de atuação dos mecanismos atmosféricos é uma das bases da ciência climatológica, pois, através dessas, os pesquisadores estão aptos a fazer as diagnoses regionais, as prognoses climáticas, avaliar o possível impacto de variações climáticas e desenvolver projetos para mitigá-los. Seguindo essa lógica, foi elaborada a análise de adversidade climática do oeste paulista e do norte do Paraná. Para a efetuação dessa tarefa, foi utilizada a técnica de análise rítmica de Monteiro, sendo pesquisados os anos de 1997, 1998 e 2001 nas localidades de Presidente Prudente, Maringá e Londrina. Além da pesquisa dos dados diários desses três anos, em que foram criados 108 gráficos de análise rítmica e 108 gráficos de eventos climáticos, foram analisados 27 anos de dados mensais e anuais (1976- 2003) que possibilitaram a elaboração de 54 figuras, 67 tabelas, 102 gráficos e 9 organogramas, em que foram analisadas as características atmosféricas regionais, observando possíveis tendências de alterações climáticas futuras. Foram constatados, ao longo da análise, que a área de estudo está passando por um processo de aquecimento de até 1ºC, além de um processo de fortalecimento sazonal, com as estações mais secas e chuvosas tornando-se mais bem definidas, o que pode causar, futuramente, uma maior quantidade de eventos extremos e adversidades climáticas, que, por sua vez, podem afetar as cidades e a produção agrícola.
Analyzing how the atmospheric mechanisms act is a great base of the climate science because it allows the researches to know about the regional weather aspects, to discuss the possible impact of climatic variations and to develop projects in order to protect the region against these possible variations in the soon future. Following this idea, we elaborated an analysis about hazards in the Western Sao Paolo State and the North Parana State in Brazil. We based on the Monteiro rhythm analysis method to study the cities Presidente Prudente, Maringa and Londrina in the years 1997, 1998 and 2001. Through the search of diary weather statistics we created 108 rhythm analysis graphics and 108 climatic event graphics. Besides them, we studied 27 years of mensal and annual statistics (1976 - 2003) which allowed the creation of 54 figures, 67 tables, 102 graphics and 9 examples. Through these we analyzed regional climatic aspects, searching for future tendencies of climate variations. It was verified by the analysis a warming of one Celsius degree at the studied areas and also a process of sazonalization which showed more clearly the division of wet and dry seasons. We see that it could result in the future more cases of hazards that could affect the cities and the agricultural production. The thesis revels that the climatic rhythms study, the interpretation of regional climatic variation and the study of the necessary actions to protect the areas against hazards are complex questions which involve great series of variables that, sometimes, the statistical techniques are not able to solve, despite its powerful and recognition in science. Because of that, it is extremely important the careful interpretation of climatic aspects by rhythm paradigm, mainly linking it with statistical techniques as well.
Doutor
7
Herrlein, Julio Cesar da Silva. „Das alturas ao ritmo : teoria dos conjuntos rítmicos como ferramenta composicional“. reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/179457.
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Esta tese de doutorado divide-se em duas partes: a primeira trata de uma Teoria dos Conjuntos Rítmicos, e a segunda traz o Portfolio de Composições desenvolvidas no período do doutorado. A Teoria dos Conjuntos Ritmicos apresenta um sistema de organização rítmica paralelo ao sistema de organização de alturas, tendo como ponto de partida a Teoria dos Conjuntos Musicais (TCM), tal como organizada por FORTE (1973), além de uma adaptação do time-point-system (BABBITT, 1962). A partir da sistematização da TCM, e também de noções da Teoria dos Conjuntos Diatônicos (TCD), essa abordagem sintética permite estabelecer uma conexão entre aspectos básicos da harmonia e da cifragem de acordes com a organização rítmica. A um só tempo, em um catálogo completo, são relacionadas as famílias de conjuntos de alturas e cifras cordais, com suas respectivas contrapartes rítmicas. A motivação musical para esta investigação acerca dos ritmos surgiu pelo interesse nos ritmos dançantes e repetitivos, denominados timelines (TOUSSAINT, 2013), comumente utilizados na chamada música popular As timelines dançantes refletem propriedades similares às dos conjuntos diatônicos e, por essa razão, esta tese apresenta algumas propriedades dos conjuntos diatônicos de alturas, traçando um paralelo com suas contrapartes rítmicas. Essas relações também aparecem no portfolio de composições, caracterizando alguns procedimentos utilizados. O portfolio de composições, que inclui uma composição para orquestra sinfônica, é tematizado a partir da dualidade transparência/opacidade, abordando algumas diferenças essenciais, do ponto de vista da audibilidade, entre os resultados oriundos de técnicas variadas de composição. Este estudo sobre Teoria dos Conjuntos Rítmicos ajudará na abordagem analítica da minha produção composicional na música popular, trazendo uma maneira sistemática de entender e extrapolar alguns aspectos já utilizados na minha prática como compositor e improvisador.This doctoral dissertation is divided into two parts: the first deals a rhythmic set theory, and the second contains the portfolio of compositions developed during this period of studies. This dissertation presents a system of rhythmic organization parallel to the musical set theory pitch class organization FORTE (1973), as well as an adaptation of the time-point-system (BABBITT, 1962). From the standpoint of the traditional set theory, and also from the diatonic set theory, this unified approach allows to estabilish a connecting tissue of basic aspects: from the harmony and chords symbols to the rhythmic organization. At one time, in a complete catalog, the families of pitch class sets and chord symbols are related to their respective rhythmic counterparts. The musical motivation for this research came from my interest in the swinging and groovy repetitive rhythms called timelines (TOUSSAINT, 2013), commonly used in popular music. These dancing timelines have properties similar to those of the diatonic sets, and for this reason, this dissertation presents some properties of the diatonic pitch class sets, drawing a parallel with their rhythmic counterparts. These relationships also appear in the portfolio of compositions, characterizing some procedures used. The portfolio of compositions, which includes a composition for symphony orchestra, is presented form the standpoint of a duality between transparency and opacity. This duality address the essential differences in the audibility of the results from various composition techniques. This study of Rhythmic Set Theory will serve as an analytical approach of my compositional output in popular music, with a systematic way to understant and to extrapolate some aspects already used in my practice as composer and improviser.
8
Bisetto, Shayne Pedrozo. „Avaliação das atividades locomotora e nociceptiva diárias e sazonais de lagartos mantidos em condições ambientais controladas“. Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/74/74135/tde-14032017-104420/.
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O uso de répteis como modelos experimentais é limitado, principalmente devido às particularidades fisiológicas da classe, como as oscilações diárias e sazonais em seu comportamento. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a atividade locomotora e nociceptiva de teiús (Salvator merianae) e iguanas-verdes (Iguana iguana) submetidos a testes comportamentais, ao longo do dia e do ano. Foram utilizados seis exemplares de cada espécie, mantidos em sala com temperatura ambiental (24 a 30°C) e fotoperíodo (12h:12h) controlados. Esses foram avaliados ao longo do dia (0:00h, 6:00h, 12:00h, 18:00h) e ao longo do ano (análise mensal). A análise locomotora foi realizada através do teste de campo aberto (teiús e iguanas), no qual o animal foi colocado no centro de uma arena circular por 15 minutos, e recebeu um ponto por cada ultrapassagem pelas subdivisões da mesma; e pelo teste de natação forçada (iguanas), no qual o tempo de atividade foi mensurado em piscina sem saída por 2 minutos. A resposta nociceptiva foi avaliada por meio de mensuração do período de latência do membro em resposta a estímulo nocivo térmico (25 segundos; 245 ± 7 mW/cm2) na superfície plantar do membro do animal. Não foram detectadas oscilações ao longo do ano no teste de campo aberto em nenhuma das espécies. Ao longo do dia, oscilações foram detectadas de Fevereiro a Dezembro em teiús; e em Abril, Maio, Junho e Outubro em iguanas. O tempo de atividade das iguanas foi menor em Janeiro e às 0:00h. Maiores latências de retirada do membro foram observadas nos meses de Maio e Agosto e às 6:00h em ambas espécies. Conclue-se que teiús e iguanas-verdes em ambiente controlado apresentam oscilações significativas em comportamento observado em teste de campo aberto, teste de natação forçada (somente iguanas) e teste plantar, que aparentemente não seguem padrões anuais claros, sendo provavelmente influenciado por fatores múltiplos ainda não compreendidos para as espécies.The use of reptiles as experimental models is limited due to their physiological particularities, such as daily and annual fluctuations in behavior. The aim of this study was to evaluate locomotor and nociceptive activities of tegus (Salvator merianae) and green iguanas (Iguana iguana) throughout the day and the year, when undergoing behavioral tests. Six animals from each species, kept under controlled room temperature (24 to 30°C) and photoperiod (12h:12h), were used. They were evaluated throughout the day (0:00h, 6:00h, 12:00h and 18:00) and the year (monthly). Locomotor activity was measured by the open field test, in which the animal was placed in the center of a round arena for 15 minutes and the number of crossings through the subdivisions of the arena was counted, and by the forced swim test (iguanas), in which the activity period was timed after animals were placed in a pool with no scape for 2 minutes. Nociceptive activity was measured as the latency to limb withdrawal reflex in response to a noxious thermal stimulus (25 seconds, 245 ± 7 mW/cm2) in the plantar surface of the animal\'s limb. No differences were detected in locomotor activity in the open field test throughout the year in both species. Throughout the day, fluctuations were detected from February to December in tegus, and in April, May, June and October in iguanas. Activity period in iguanas were shorter in January and at 0:00h. Longer latencies to withdrawal reflex were detected in May and August and at 6:00h in both species. In conclusion, tegus and green iguanas kept in controlled environment have fluctuations in behavior presented in the open field test, the forced swim (only iguanas) test and the plantar test, which apparently do not follow a clear seasonal pattern and are probably influenced by multiple factors that are still unknown for both species.
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Oliveira, Daiane Evangelista de. „Participação dos sistemas atmosféricos na gênese e ritmo das chuvas na bacia do Rio Preto, MG/RJ - anos de 2006, 2007, 2008“. Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), 2016. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/3099.
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Dentre os enfoques que podem ser dados aos estudos climáticos destaca-se a análise rítmica, que por considerar a sequência diária com que os elementos climáticos se manifestam, assim como os sistemas atmosféricos e suas correlações com o ambiente, permite uma análise integrada do clima. Esta, vêm contribuindo para que a sociedade se torne menos vulnerável às intempéries climáticas, à medida que considera tanto a sucessão habitual dos tipos de tempo quanto os eventos extremos em suas análises diárias. Partindo-se da necessidade de se conhecer essa complexa relação entre clima - ambiente – sociedade, o presente estudo teve por objetivo fazer uma investigação acerca do ritmo climático, através da quantificação da participação dos sistemas atmosféricos e dos fatores geográficos na gênese e no ritmo das chuvas na bacia hidrográfica do Rio Preto, MG/RJ, para os anos de 2006, 2007 e 2008. A partir daí se tornou possível estabelecer correlações entre o fenômeno climático e o meio físico, identificando sua dinâmica e principais unidades espaciais e temporais, estabelecendo um modelo integrado e a criação de mapas e gráficos de ritmo que subsidiassem a compreensão do sequenciamento dos tipos de tempo. A escala temporal de analise é a diária e em anos padrão (MONTEIRO, 1971, 1991) e a metodologia de escolha desses foi com base em técnicas estatísticas (box plot, desvio padrão, Sturgers e quantil). Os mapeamentos foram realizados no software ArcGIS 10, inserindo informações obtidas junto ao Hidroweb (ANA) e imagens de satélite (LANDSAT e SRTM). A construção dos gráficos de ritmo foi feita a partir de dados meteorológicos coletados no site Hidroweb da ANA, de analise sinótica de cartas sinóticas da Marinha do Brasil e dos boletins Climanalise. Como resultados, constatouse que os três anos estudados apresentaram características distintas quanto a distribuição espacial e temporal das chuvas, havendo maior destaque na alternância do regime destas. Em termos de participação dos sistemas atmosféricos é a mTa a que atuou no maior número de dias para os três anos e em 2008 (ano úmido) a atuação da ZCAS foi mais que o dobro dos demais anos (19%). Sob a atuação desta última, em quase 100% dos dias constatou-se a presença de chuvas. Também em dias sob atuação das frentes frias constatou-se a presença de chuvas. Os eventos extremos não seguiram um padrão de distribuição espacial.
Among the approaches that can be given to climate studies stands out the rhythmic analysis, what is set as the daily sequence with which the climatic elements manifest themselves, as well as the atmospheric systems they relate with the environment, providing an analysis integrated the climate. This contributed to what the society be less vulnerable to climatic conditions, as it considers both the usual succession of weather types as extreme events in their daily analysis. Starting from the need to understand the complex relationship between climate - environment - society, this study aimed to make an investigation about the climate pace, by quantifying in the participation of atmospheric systems and geographical factors in the genesis and rhythm of rain in the river watershed Preto, MG / RJ, for the years 2006, 2007 and 2008. Thenceforth, it became possible to establish correlations between the climatic phenomenon and the physical environment, identifying your dynamics and main spatial and temporal units, to establishing an integrated model and the creating maps, rhythm graphics that subsidize the understanding of the sequencing of the types of time. The temporal scale of analysis is daily and in years "pattern" (MONTEIRO, 1971, 1991) and the methodology of choice of these was based on statistical techniques (box plot, standard deviation, Sturgers and quantile). The maps were made in the ArcGIS 10 software by entering information obtained from the Hidroweb (ANA) and satellite imagery (Landsat and SRTM). The construction of the rhythm graphics was made from collected meteorological data in Hidroweb (ANA) website, synoptic analysis of synoptic maps of the Navy of Brazil and Climanalise newsletters. As a result, it was found that the three years studied showed different characteristics as the spatial and temporal distribution of rainfall, with greater emphasis on the annual alternation of these arrangements. In terms of participation of atmospheric systems is the Atlantic Tropical mass that acted in the greater number of days and in 2008 (wet year) the performance of South Atlantic convergence zone was more than double the other years (19%). Under the action of the latter, nearly 100% of the days found for the presence of rain. Also in action on day of cold fronts is it found the presence of rain. Extreme events have not followed a pattern of spatial distribution.
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Nicola, Angela Cristina de [UNESP]. „Atuação das proteínas do relógio na senescência reprodutiva de ratas Wistar“. Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/152720.
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O envelhecimento é considerado processo multidimensional no qual fatores ambientais podem proteger ou, inversamente, agravar seus sinais, de maneira não linear, nos processos fisiológicos e neurocomportamentais. Durante este processo, os ritmos circadianos são interrompidos ou fragmentados com dissociação consequente dos ritmos circadianos do indivíduo e disfunções relacionadas ao relógio circadiano contribuem para o envelhecimento e para patologias a ele relacionadas. O objetivo deste estudo foi averiguar possível alteração temporal do sistema CLOCK no eixo HPG e a relação com às alterações hormonais que caracterizam a periestropausa. Foram utilizadas fêmeas adultas com ciclo estral regular (CD) na fase do diestro e fêmeas senis com ciclo estral irregular e persistência da fase do diestro (IDP). Para análises de expressão gênica dos clock genes Per2, Rev-erbα e Bmal1 no eixo HPG, foram utilizados punchs das regiões do NSQ, onde também foi analisado RNAm de AVP, APO e HMB destes animais, além da adenohipófise e ovários dos quais se extraiu o RNA para confecção do cDNA e realização de qPCR. A determinação da atividade neuronal vasopressinérgica no NSQ foi realizada por imunoistoquíca com dupla marcação para cFos e AVP em tecido previamente fixado com paraformaldeído. A concentração plasmática de gonadotrofinas foi determinada por radioimunoensaio. De modo geral, os animais IDP revelaram alterações no perfil de expressão gênica durante o fotoperíodo, com redução de amplitude, deslocamento/desalinhamento de fase e ausência de antifase. O NSQ de animais IDP apresentou menor expressão de Rev-erbα e maior expressão de RNAm para AVP em relação ao grupo CD. A quantificação relativa de Bmal1 foi semelhante em ambos os grupos e não houve diferenças entre grupos na expressão de Per2. Na APO, animais IDP apresentaram maior expressão de Per2 e menor quantidade de RNAm para Rev-erbα. No HMB observou-se menor expressão para Per2 e Rev-erbα e maior expressão de Bmal1 nas fêmeas IDP. Per2 e Bmal1 na adenohipófise tiveram menor expressão que o gene Rev-erbα no grupo senil e o ovário destes animais revelou maior expressão para Per2 e Rev-erbα, em comparação com os animais CD. As concentrações plasmáticas de FSH foram maiores nas fêmeas com ciclo irregular (2,05 ± 0,44 ng/mL), principalmente durante a fase clara, assim como o LH (0,24 ± 0,07 ng/mL), cujos maiores valores foram encontrados durante a fase escura e com perfil semelhante ao RNAm de AVP. As imunomarcações revelaram alta atividade vasopressinérgica na porção dorsomedial do NSQ das fêmeas IDP. Juntos estes dados permitem concluir que há desarranjo na expressão temporal dos genes Per2, Rev-erbα, Bmal1 que compõem a maquinaria molecular do relógio circadiano, bem como de RNAm para AVP no NSQ, de fêmeas Wistar na periestropausa. Além disso, a maior atividade neuronal vasopressinérgica e a ausência de oscilação de Rev-erbα e Bmal1 no NSQ destes animais, comprometem a correta comunicação do relógio central do NSQ com o eixo HPG, inviabilizando a manutenção da fertilidade feminina e contribuindo para a senescência reprodutiva.
Aging is considered a multidimensional process in which environmental factors can protect or, conversely, aggravate its signals, non-linearly, in physiological and neurobehavioral processes. During this process, circadian rhythms are disrupted or fragmented with consequent dissociation of the individual's circadian rhythms and circadian clock-related dysfunctions contribute to aging and related pathologies. The objective of this study was to investigate possible temporal alteration of the CLOCK system in the HPG axis and the relation with the hormonal changes that characterize periestropause. Adult females with regular estrus cycle in the diestrous phase (RD) and old females with irregular estrous cycle and persistent diestrous phase (IPD). For analyzes of the gene expression of the genes Per2, Rev-erbα and Bmal1 in the HPG axis, punchs from the NSQ regions were used, where AVP, POA and MBH RNAm from these animals were also analyzed, as well as the adenohypophysis and ovaries from which they were extracted the RNA for cDNA production and qPCR performance. The determination of the vasopressinergic neuronal activity in the NSQ was performed by immunohistochemical with double labeling for cFos/AVP in tissue previously fixed with paraformaldehyde. The plasma concentration of gonadotrophins was determined by radioimmunoassay. In general, the IPD animals show alterations in the gene expression profile during the period analyzed, with amplitude reduction, phase shift / misalignment and absence of antiphase. The NSQ of IPD animals presented lower expression of Rev-erbα and higher RNAm expression for AVP than RD group. The relative quantification of Bmal1 was similar in both groups and there were no differences between groups in the expression of Per2. In PAO, IPD animals showed higher expression of Per2 and less amount of RNAm for Rev-erbα. MBH showed lower expression for Per2 and Rev-erbα and higher Bmal1 expression in IPD females. Per2 and Bmal1 in the adenohypophysis had lower expression than the Rev-erbα gene in the old group and the ovary of these animals showed higher expression for Per2 and Rev-erbα, in related to to the RD animals. Plasma concentrations of FSH were higher in females with irregular cycle (2.05 ± 0.44 ng / mL), mainly during the light phase, as well as LH (0.24 ± 0.07 ng / mL) whose values were found during the dark phase and with a profile similar to AVP RNAm. Immunolabeling demonstrated high vasopressinergic activity in the dorsomedial portion of the NSQ of the IPD females. Together these data allow us to conclude that there is a breakdown in the temporal expression of the Per2, Rev-erbα, Bmal1 genes that make up the molecular machinery of the circadian clock, as well as RNAm for AVP in NSQ of Wistar females in peri-masterpause. In addition, the increased vasopressinergic neuronal activity and the absence of Rev-erbα and Bmal1 oscillation in the NSQ of these animals compromise the correct communication of the central clock of the NSQ with the HPG axis, making it impossible to maintain female fertility and contributing to reproductive senescence.
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Marketing, Corporate Affairs and. „Rhythm“. Corporate Affairs and Marketing, 2004. http://encore.tut.ac.za/iii/cpro/DigitalItemViewPage.external?sp=1000626.
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Rosenthal, David Felix. „Machine rhythm--computer emulation of human rhythm perception“. Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/12855.
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Robinson, David D. (David DeWitt). „A Multidimensional Polymetric Analysis of Excerpts from the Wind Band Music of Dan Welcher and Yo Gotō“. Thesis, University of North Texas, 2016. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc955094/.
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Polymetric writing is an integral technique in contemporary compositional practice. Dan Welcher and Yo Goto are principal employers of this practice in the wind band medium. Their methods endure even the results of modern scholarship showing limited human perception of polyrhythmic events. This dissertation provides a comprehensive metric analysis of excerpts from the music of Welcher and Goto. Five examples are explored from major band works of each of the two composers. The analytical process in the study utilizes the metrical concept set forth by Maury Yeston, so that a comparison can be made between the rhythmic components of the competing meters. The results of the study show that both Welcher and Goto, in all ten excerpts, create polymetric sections containing elements that surpass the aural limits proposed by modern scholarship. Additionally, through identification of the misaligned metric layers causing each polymeter, pedagogical considerations are offered to aid performance of each identified excerpt.
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Mauad, Sergio Augusto. „Análise das características rítmicas e melódicas da leitura de um diálogo em inglês por aprendizes brasileiros“. Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2014. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/13663.
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Due to its interaction with the sound segments, prosody is one of the elements to be considered when investigating foreign accent. In this study, the speech patterns of a dialogue read by two Brazilians and two Americans are contrasted, and two prosodic elements are investigated: rhythm and intonation. Speech rhythm, which refers to a temporal patterning of elements in the flow of speech, plays a relevant role in discourse. Intonation, the melody of speech, organizes the flow of speech and expresses modalities, emotions and attitudes. In the case of L2 speakers, it is very likely that certain prosodic patterns of L1 will be transferred to L2. In this study, the rhythmic and intonational patterns of a read dialogue are contrasted through acoustic-phonetic analysis by means of the PRAAT software. The acoustic data comprises duration measuraments of V-V units, syllables, feet and adjacent full vowels, as well as pitch accent markings. The analysis of the rhythm of American English is mainly based on Bolinger‟s Pitch Accent Theory. ToBI (Tones and break índices) is used for the tonal labelling, and ANOVA and the variability index for the statistical treatment of the data. Results point to significant differences (p<.05) in syllable and V-V unit duration means, and differences in the variability index of the syllabic feet. The rhythmic structure of the utterances produced by the Brazilian subjects was affected by L1 transfer of tonicity, juncture, vowel quality as well as processes of segmental reduction and elision. As regards intonation, it was observed, in the productions of the American subjects, a systematic occurrence of the phenomenon of downstep, and, in the productions of the Brazilian subjects, a productive occurrence of L*+H e L+H* tones, which affected the production of meaning. With this study, I wish to contribute to the research on the teaching of rhythm and intonation to Brazilian speakers of English
A prosódia, pela interação que estabelece com os segmentos fônicos, é um dos elementos a ser considerado na investigação do sotaque estrangeiro. Neste estudo, tenho como objetivo investigar, com apoio na análise fonético-acústica, dois elementos prosódicos: o ritmo e a entoação, contrastando as produções de fala de duas brasileiras e de duas norte-americanas na leitura de um diálogo em inglês. O ritmo, que implica em regularidade e estruturação ao longo do tempo, exerce papel relevante no discurso oral. A entoação, a melodia da fala, organiza o fluxo sonoro e expressa modalidades, emoções e atitudes. No caso de falantes aprendizes de uma língua estrangeira, são grandes as possibilidades de transferência de padrões prosódicos da língua materna. Neste trabalho, os padrões rítmicos e entoacionais das sentenças de um diálogo são contrastados com o apoio da análise fonético-acústica, utilizando-se o software PRAAT. A extração de medidas contempla a duração, em milisegundos, das unidades V-V, sílabas, pés rítmicos e vogais plenas em adjacência, bem como marcações de f0 em alvos específicos do contorno entoacional: os pitch accents. A fundamentação teórica para o ritmo do inglês norte-americano baseia-se na Teoria de Pitch Accent, proposta por Bolinger. Para a notação dos padrões entoacionais, é utilizado o sistema ToBI (Tones and Break Indices) e, para o tratamento estatístico dos dados, o teste ANOVA e o índice de variabilidade. Foram constatadas diferenças significativas (p<,05) entre as produções de fala dos sujeitos norte-americanos e brasileiros em relação à duração média relativa de sílabas e unidades V-V e diferenças em relação ao índice de variabilidade dos pés silábicos. Também foram constatadas nas produções das brasileiras interferências de L1 em relação à tonicidade, junturas, qualidade vocálica e processos de redução e elisão segmental que afetaram a estrutura rítmica dos enunciados. Em relação à entoação, observou-se, nas emissões das norte-americanas, a ocorrência, de forma mais sistemática, do fenômeno de downstep, e, nas produções das brasileiras, a ocorrência produtiva dos tons L*+H e L+H*, o que afeta a produção de sentidos. Com o desenvolvimento deste trabalho, pretendo contribuir para aprofundar os conhecimentos sobre o ritmo e a entoação no contexto de ensino de inglês para brasileiros
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Fisher, Douglas. „One Day, Some Day“. TopSCHOLAR®, 1996. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/867.
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When someone asks us how old we are, we tell them the number of years that we have lived. But those years are comprised of days: days that wrinkle our brows, burn searing holes in our souls, and those days--filled with joy, terror, humor, fear, and exasperation--are the sum totals of our age. One Day. Some Day is a collection of short fiction that deals with the events of one day in the life of the characters. The titles of the stories reflect this theme, i.e., "Thursday's Child, 11 "A Measure of Days," and "One of These Days." I have endeavored to inject my stories with the emotions and experiences that comprise our daily lives.
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Sjöberg, Jessica, und Paula Andreasson. „Music, rhythm and movement“. Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för lärande och samhälle (LS), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-33247.
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Klyn, Niall Andre Munson. „Working Memory for Rhythm“. The Ohio State University, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1324305411.
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Huh, You Lim. „Rhythm generators in the septohippocampal network and their role in hippocampal theta rhythm“. Thesis, McGill University, 2013. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=114229.
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Hippocampal theta rhythm is an oscillatory activity in the range of 3 – 12 Hz, prominently observed in hippocampal extracellular field recordings in vivo. Hippocampal theta rhythm has been closely associated with episodic memory and spatial learning in both humans and animals. Here, I describe two research projects I carried out in the course of my Ph.D., exploring several different types of neurons that could serve as potential rhythm generators for hippocampal theta rhythm. The medial septum and diagonal band of Broca (MS-DBB) has long been known to provide crucial inputs for the generation of hippocampal theta rhythm in vivo. The 'septohippocampal network' thus refers to the hippocampal formation, the MS-DBB and the connections between the two structures. While there has been many studies investigating the contributions of cholinergic and GABAergic MS-DBB neurons, the role of the recently described glutamatergic MS-DBB neurons in the septohippocampal network and theta rhythm generation remains unknown. In order to address this issue, for my first project, I investigated the electrophysiological properties of the glutamatergic MS-DBB neurons and examined their functional role in the septohippocampal network. Recently, a study using a complete hippocampal preparation in vitro demonstrated that the CA1 region of the hippocampal formation can generate its own theta oscillations independently of external inputs. It is unknown which CA1 interneuron subtype plays a key role in generating this intrinsic CA1 theta rhythm. During in vivo theta rhythm, parvalbumin (PV)- and somatostatin (SOM)-expressing interneurons fire strongly phase-locked to field theta rhythm, indicating that they may be good candidates for potential theta rhythm generators. Thus, for my second project, I explored the intrinsic properties of PV and SOM interneurons and examined their cellular behaviour during in vitro CA1 theta rhythm. Furthermore, I investigated the causal role of these interneurons in CA1 field theta oscillations using optogenetic silencing methods. Results from the first project illustrate that in addition to the well-known cholinergic and GABAergic septohippocampal pathway, the glutamatergic MS-DBB neurons provide a functional excitatory synaptic input to hippocampal neurons that may contribute to theta rhythm generation and synchronization across the septohippocampal network. Results from the second project demonstrate that both synaptic and intrinsic factors determine the interneurons' firing patterns during theta rhythm and that PV interneurons, with their highly synchronous and powerful inhibitory outputs onto pyramidal cells, appear to play an important role in generating the field theta signal. These findings provide new information about the potential role of several different neuronal classes in the septohippocampal network in relation to theta rhythm generation. It is my hope that a greater understanding of this matter will bring new insights into the mechanisms with which neural oscillations contribute to essential operations of the brain such as learning and memory.Le rythme thêta de l'hippocampe est une activité neuronale oscillatoire dans la gamme de 3 - 12 hertz, pouvant être primordialement observée durant les enregistrements extracellulaires de champ hippocampal in vivo. Le rythme thêta hippocampal a été étroitement associé à la mémoire épisodique et à l'exploration spatiale chez les humains et les animaux. Dans cette thèse, je décris deux projets de recherche mis à exécution au cours de mon Ph.D. et explorant différents types de neurones qui pourraient potentiellement servir de générateurs pour les rythmes thêta de l'hippocampe. Le septum médian et la bande diagonale de Broca (MS-DBB) ont été longtemps reconnus comme les zones principales fournissant les entrées cruciales pour la génération du rythme thêta de l'hippocampe in vivo. Le « réseau septohippocampal » se rapporte ainsi à la formation hippocampale, au MS-DBB et aux raccordements entre les deux structures. Bien qu'un grand nombre d'études ait déjà exploré la contribution des neurones cholinergiques et GABAergic du MS-DBB dans le réseau septohippocampal et dans la génération des rythmes thêta, le rôle d'une population de neurones glutamatergiques nouvellement découverte au niveau du MS-DBB, reste pour l'instant inconnu. Afin d'aborder cette question, pour mon premier projet, j'ai étudié les propriétés électrophysiologiques des neurones glutamatergiques du MS-DBB et j'ai examiné leur rôle fonctionnel dans le réseau septohippocampal. Récemment, une étude utilisant une préparation hippocampale complète in vitro a par ailleurs démontré que la région CA1 de la formation hippocampale peut produire ses propres oscillations thêta, indépendamment des entrées externes. L'identité des sous-types d'interneurones qui sont impliquées dans la production de ce rythme thêta intrinsèque à CA1 est pour l'instant inconnue. Pendant le rythme thêta in vivo, les interneurones qui expriment la parvalbumin (PV) - ou la somatostatin (SOM) - déchargent fortement et à phase-verrouillé sur le rythme extracellulaire, indiquant qu'elles pourraient être de bons candidats de générateurs pour le rythme thêta. Ainsi, pour mon deuxième projet, j'ai exploré les propriétés intrinsèques des interneurones PV et SOM et j'ai examiné leur comportement cellulaire au cours du rythme thêta enregistré in vitro dans la région CA1. En outre, j'ai examiné le rôle causal de ces interneurones dans la thêta de champ en utilisant des méthodes optogénétiques pour contrôler l'activité neuronale. Les résultats du premier projet illustrent qu'en plus des voies septohippocampales cholinergiques et GABAergiques bien connues, les neurones glutamatergiques du MS-DBB fournissent une entrée synaptique excitatrice fonctionnelle aux neurones de l'hippocampe. Ces neurones pourraient ainsi contribuer à la génération et à la synchronisation des rythmes thêta à travers le réseau septohippocampal. Les résultats du deuxième projet démontrent; 1) que plusieurs facteurs synaptiques et intrinsèques déterminent les modes de mise à feu des interneurones pendant le rythme thêta et ; 2) que les interneurones PV, avec leurs sorties inhibitrices fortement synchrones et puissantes sur les cellules pyramidales, semblent jouer un rôle prépondérant dans le contrôle du signal thêta de champ. Ces résultats fournissent de nouvelles informations au sujet du rôle potentiel de différentes classes neuronales du réseau septohippocampal par rapport à la génération du rythme thêta. J'ai grand espoir que ces travaux mèneront à une meilleure compréhension des mécanismes avec lesquels les oscillations neurales contribuent aux opérations essentielles du cerveau telles que l'apprentissage et la mémoire.
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Cheong, Yong Jeon. „Empty and filled rhythms:An inquiry into the different cognitive processing of vocal and instrumental rhythms“. The Ohio State University, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1367227934.
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Nakata, Hitomi. „Timing relationship between spoken and sung utterances in Japanese : speech rhythm and musical rhythm“. Thesis, University of Reading, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.440104.
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CULLAN, MICHAEL JOSEPH. „TERNARY RHYTHM NOTATION: A NOVEL GRAMMATICAL CONSTRUCTION OF MUSICAL RHYTHM OVER AN ALGEBRAIC LATTICE“. Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/612819.
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We present a novel musical notation, generated by a formal grammar, which symbolizes musical rhythms as
strings over a ternary alphabet. This notative system is shown to be an improvement over the conventional
binary rhythm notation, because it uniquely encodes any rhythm given in classical, sheet music notation.
We leverage this grammatical system to compute the number of distinct rhythms up to a specified timeunit.
We then define a binary operation on the strings generated by the rhythm grammar to coincide with
the musical notion of ”additive rhythm.” We show that the set of musical rhythms with a given time-unit
becomes a finite commutative monoid under this operation, and moreover that this operation imbues the set
with an algebraic lattice structure. Finally, we use the algebraic properties of this representation of musical
rhythms to define a number of similarity measures between rhythms, which we suggest to have applications
in automated music transcription.
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Abravaya, Ido. „On Bach's rhythm and tempo /“. Kassel [u.a.] : Bärenreiter, 2006. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=014918243&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
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Colby, Brooke Bickley-Green Cynthia. „Rhythm to the art educator“. [Greenville, N.C.] : East Carolina University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10342/2228.
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Thesis (M.A.Ed.)--East Carolina University, 2009.Presented to the faculty of the School of Art and Design. Advisor: Cynthia Bickley-Green. Title from PDF t.p. (viewed June 22, 2010). Includes bibliographical references.
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Rodriguez, Pamela. „The rhythm of Spanish prose“. Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/19265.
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Mani, Alireza. „Cardiac rhythm abnormalities in cirrhosis“. Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2007. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1446020/.
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Liver cirrhosis is associated with cardiovascular dysfunction including decreased heart rate variability and impaired acceleration of the heart rate in response to sympathetic activation (chronotropic incompetence). In this thesis, the hypothesis that increased formation of reactive nitrogen species in cirrhosis causes nitration or S-nitrosation of cardiac proteins and leads to impaired chronotropic function was assessed in an experimental model of cirrhosis. Cardiac chronotropic responsiveness to fi-adrenergic stimulation was assessed in vitro using spontaneous beating rat isolated atria. A novel mass spectrometric method was developed for dynamic assessment of nitration reactions based on the nitration of deuterium-labelled pra-hydroxyphenyl acetic acid. Nitration of cardiac proteins was measured by mass spectrometry and located by immunogold electron microscopy. Marked impairment of chronotropic responses of isolated atria to isoproterenol was observed in rats with cirrhosis, which normalized after the administration of N-acetylcysteine (a scavenger of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species) or L-NAME (a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor). The levels of protein-bound nitrotyrosine in atrial tissue increased from 16 1 to 23 3 pg/g tyrosine in rats with cirrhosis, and decreased to 15 1 and 17 1 pg/g after treatment with L-NAME and N-acetylcysteine, respectively (P<0.05). Immunogold electron microscopy demonstrated increased nitration of filaments and mitochondria in the atria of rats with cirrhosis. A chemiluminescence- based method was developed to stabilise and measure S-nitrosothiols in tissues. There was no difference in cardiac S-nitrosothiols following induction of cirrhosis, and neither N-acetylcysteine nor L-NAME had any effect on the cardiac levels of S-nitrosothiols. Autonomic regulation of cardiac function was assessed by analysis of heart rate variability in anesthetized rats using Fast Fourier Transformation. Heart rate variability analysis showed impaired sympathovagal balance towards increase of cardiac sympathetic activity in rats with cirrhosis (P<0.05). However there was no change in the sympathovagal balance following N-acetylcysteine or L-NAME adminstration in cirrhotic rats. In conclusion, abnormal cardiac chronotropic function in cirrhosis is associated with increased nitration of cardiac proteins. Two independent treatments (N-acetylcysteine and L-NAME) that decrease nitration of cardiac proteins led to normalization of cardiac responses. Nitration of critical proteins in cardiac tissue may lead to abnormal cardiac function.
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Jackson, Alison Margaret. „Day-to-day variability in bipolar disorders“. Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2006. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/6326/.
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Background. Bipolar disorder is characterised by recurrent acute episodes of mania and depression with the common occurrence of subsyndromal symptoms between episodes. Episode recurrence and frequent inter-episode symptoms have made identification of the factors that influence relapse an important focus for research in bipolar disorder. Objective. To determine whether dysregulation in bipolar disorder would be exhibited, outwith acute mania, in day-to-day variability and whether variability was associated with risk of relapse. Design. A prospective daily monitoring study was conducted with bipolar disorder and general population samples. Twenty participants with a bipolar episode experienced in the previous two years were recruited from a Lithium Clinic. A control group often participants from the general population were recruited by opportunity sampling. Main outcome measures. Biological, behaviour, cognition, and affect measures included self-report measures of behavioural activation/inhibition, social rhythms, self esteem, positive affect, negative affect, elation, depression and objective actigraph estimation of the sleep-wake cycle and circadian rhythms. Results. Lower self esteem, lower positive affect, higher negative affect, higher depression levels and greater variability in self esteem, night waking and sleep efficiency across 14 days were evident in bipolar disorder. Survival analyses suggested greater variability in self esteem and sleep efficiency predicted earlier admission in bipolar disorder. Conclusions. Greater day-to-day variability in bipolar disorder was observed compared to the general population. Underlying disturbances in biological, cognition and affect measures were evident in bipolar disorder. Findings were clinically important since sleep and self esteem disturbances may be considered as potentially modifiable in reducing risk of relapse in bipolar disorder.
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Correia, André dos Reis Almeida. „Speed and rhythm in organizations: how do different generations cope with speed and rhythm at work?“ Master's thesis, NSBE - UNL, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/9693.
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A Work Project, presented as part of the requirements for the Award of a Masters Degree in Management from the NOVA – School of Business and EconomicsSpeed and rhythm in organizations can be examined from different perspectives and disciplines. The purpose of this work project is to investigate a theme that has been gaining relevance over the last few decades in Organizational Sciences: how people cope with speed and rhythm at work. Twenty-four employees, from two generations, of various hierarchical levels from a wide range of organizations were interviewed. Net Generation and Baby Boom Generation, the two generations in question, were analysed in equal proportions to find reliable differences in their perceptions. Significant findings were attained after analysing the results: a) Different generations have similar perceptions about speed and rhythm at work; b) Technology encourages networks producing a lack of boundaries and it challenges traditional ways of work management. At first, this difference appears to be a generational perception but it is not; c) Net Generation is used to perform multitasking, as a method to deal with high speed and rhythm, while Boom Generation, in general, do not feel capable of doing it; d) Although most people agree with the Slow Movements philosophy, which stands for a reduction of speed and rhythm in life, they generally believe it is very hard to practice it as a standard way of living.
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Renbarger, Denna M. „A comparison of literacy achievement in full-day, alternate-day, and half-day kindergarten“. Virtual Press, 2003. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1263899.
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The purpose of this study was to examine the pre and post scores of literacy surveys to determine if there is a differential improvement in the literacy achievement of kindergarten students who attend one of three kindergarten programs: full-day, alternate-day, and half-day. The sample of this study consisted of 1530 kindergarten students enrolled in a centralized kindergarten program during the 2000-2001 and the 2001-2002 school years. Only the scores of the 1530 students who had both pre and post scores were included in the study. The hypothesis was studied at the .05 level of significance.The scores of 1530 students were studied at the pre and post level in two literacy skill areas, letter identification and concepts about print. The findings of the study were:1. There was a significant difference in the increase in student achievement of letter identification between alternate-day and half-day programs, with students in half-day making more gains.2. There was no significant difference in the increase in student achievement of letter identification between alternate-day and full-day programs.3. There was a significant difference in the increase in student achievement of concepts about print (CAP) between alternate-day and full-day, with students in full-day making more gains.4. There was no significant difference in the increase in student achievement of concepts about print between alternate-day and half-day programs.Overall, the findings indicate that students in the alternate-day program achieved the lowest gains in Letter Identification and concepts about print of the three kindergarten programs.Department of Elementary Education
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Thul, Eric. „Measuring the complexity of musical rhythm“. Thesis, McGill University, 2008. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=116081.
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This thesis studies measures of musical rhythm complexity. Informally, rhythm complexity may be thought of as the difficulty humans have performing a rhythm, listening to a rhythm, or recognizing its structure. The problem of understanding rhythm complexity has been studied in musicology and psychology, but there are approaches for its measurement from a variety of domains. This thesis aims to evaluate rhythm complexity measures based on how accurately they reflect human-based measures. Also, it aims to compare their performance using rhythms from Africa, India, and rhythms generated randomly. The results suggest that none of the measures accurately reflect the difficulty humans have performing or listening to rhythm; however, the measures do accurately reflect how humans recognize a rhythm's metrical structure. Additionally, the results suggest a need for normalization of the measures to account for variety among cultural rhythms.
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Harper, David G. „Circadian rhythm disturbances in advanced dementia /“. Thesis, Connect to Dissertations & Theses @ Tufts University, 2000.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Tufts University, 2000.Adviser: David Harder. Submitted to the Dept. of Psychology. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 90-116). Access restricted to members of the Tufts University community. Also available via the World Wide Web;
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Star, The. „Students showcase their rhythm and rhyme“. The Star, 2013. http://encore.tut.ac.za/iii/cpro/DigitalItemViewPage.external?sp=1000339.
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Zavortink, Matthew. „Analysis of Rhythm in Rap Music“. Thesis, University of Oregon, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/20418.
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Although the analysis of popular music has become widely accepted by theorists, rap and related genres are still relatively unexplored. The small body of existing literature suggests several promising analytic methods, such as the discernment and comparison of rhythmic layers within a song. This thesis reviews the current state of rap research and synthesizes a comprehensive theoretical model out of previously published sources and the author’s original ideas. This model is then used to investigate several case studies of varying complexity, revealing a number of previously undocumented musical devices and promising avenues for further research.
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Patrick, Jean L. S. „Fred Newton Scott and prose rhythm“. Thesis, Kansas State University, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/9945.
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Janezic, Alexandra Katarina. „A certain rhythm, a certain knowing“. Thesis, University of Iowa, 2015. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/1644.
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Janzen, Mikyla. „Heart rhythm changes in eating disorders“. Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/62532.
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The full abstract for this thesis is available in the body of the thesis, and will be available when the embargo expires.Medicine, Faculty of
Experimental Medicine, Division of
Medicine, Department of
Graduate
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Shkedy, Elyezer. „Implementation of "Marginalism" in day to day life“. Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1998. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA345962.
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Thesis (M.S. in Management) Naval Postgraduate School, June 1998."June 1998." Thesis advisor(s): Katsuaki L. Terasawa, William R. Gates. Includes bibliographical references (p. 57). Also available online.
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Wild, Laura. „Becoming invisible : art and day-to-day life“. Thesis, Loughborough University, 2011. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/9083.
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The thesis identifies a methodology for practice-led Fine Art research that emphasises day-to-day processes, which tend to be overlooked, and a practice, which becomes invisible to the mainstream art world. Attending to day-to-day habitual process is found to open up possibilities for embodied becoming through thinking and re-membering. Negotiating boundaries in face-to-face encounter is discovered to encourage inter-subjective becoming and is explored in terms of ethical interaction. The reflexive methodology considers questions arising from the possibility of exchange instead of gift, art as process rather than commodity, and an attitude of dissensus relating to artists as nonconformists. Tension and interaction in community leads to a pacific process of immanent invisibility, which functions as quiet activism and gentle politics provided by readymade situations. Mierle Laderman Ukeles s Touch Sanitation (1984), Allan Kaprow s Trading Dirt (1983) and selected works of Heath Bunting (2002-2010) are amongst the artworks cited in a discussion of artists who engage with materials or processes that are often overlooked including waste disposal, soil, and institutional structure. Emmanuel Levinas s approach to alterity (Levinas, 1988, 172) and Julia Kristeva s suggestion that connection cannot occur without severance (Kristeva, 1987, 254) have helped define an ethical practice of inter-subjective becoming. Victor Turner s notion of communitas (Turner, 1969) has affirmed a choice to avoid hierarchical structure and engage in processes that result in immanent invisibility. My contribution to practice-led, Fine Art research has involved testing a method rather than proving a hypothesis. I have developed a methodology that values art becoming invisible during the process of emphasising the overlooked in day-to-day life. Anecdotal passages throughout the text together with links in the text to my website and web log demonstrate an integration of practice with theory, which has been arrived at through a process of reflexive speculation. Two discs accompany the printed thesis that allow for digital reading.
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Taft, Kevin. „Power and narrative in day-to-day consuming“. Thesis, University of Warwick, 1998. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/4335/.
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In this dissertation I address the question, how does power operate in day-today consuming in a consumer society? My theoretical framework has two bases. One base is Foucault's theories of power, including but not limited to his work on normalization, surveillance, examination, confession, and identity. The other base is narrative theory, including the relevance of narratives to personal and social identities, the role of narratives in creating social order, the impact of narratives on such things as the organization of space and time, and the effect of narratives in creating coherence and directionality across operants of power. I suggest that many of the mechanisms of power identified by Foucault have unmistakable narrative features, and that by combining narrative and Foucauldian perspectives a more comprehensive understanding of the operation of power in day-to-day life is attainable. I apply my theoretical framework to data collected using autoethnographic methods. Specifically, I spent one year keeping a detailed journal of my and my family's experiences relating in the broadest sense to consuming. During this period we lived in a middle-sized Canadian city. To heighten my awareness of the taken-for-granted aspects of power and consuming we alternated lifestyles each month, living months 1,3,5,7,9, and 11 as conventional Canadian consumers, and months 2,4,6,8,10, and 12 as committed environmentally-mindful consumers. In addition, I conducted - interviews of small samples of conventional and environmentally-committed consumers; I undertook a content analysis of print advertising delivered to our house; and I conducted background research on various issues relating to consumerism. My research indicates that Foucauldian operants of power are used extensively to support consuming, and that; in addition, many narrative structures are also employed as operants of power, including charms and stories. These operants of power are aligned with one another to form coherent patterns through the effects of metanarratives. I argue that, despite claims by Lyotard (1984) and others, modern consumer societies are highly narrative, and have defining metanarratives. In addition, environmentally-based opposition to the dominant metanarrative of consuming has a metanarrative of its own, but is distinctly lacking in operants of power.
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LACERDA, Carlos Henrique Figueiredo. „A Importância das praias para o desenvolvimento inicial de assembleias de peixes e macrocrustáceos: variação espaço-temporal da ictiofauna em praias adjacentes a um estuário tropical (Resex Acaú-Goina PE/PB, Brasil)“. Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2014. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/18855.
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As zonas costeiras são consideradas áreas de transição entre os domínios continental e marinho, apresentando alta complexidade e dinamismo. Representando aproximadamente 10% das áreas emersas habitáveis, abrigam atualmente cerca de dois terços da população mundial proporcionando inúmeros serviços econômico-sociais a sociedade humana, que em constante expansão sobrecarrega cada vez mais esses ambientes que exercem papéis ecológicos fundamentais na manutenção da biodiversidade (e produtividade) local e de ecossistemas adjacentes (terrestre e marinho). Dentre os diferentes ecossistemas costeiros, os sistemas estuarinos são bastante conhecidos por estarem presentes em praticamente toda a costa brasileira, assim como por apresentarem grande importância ecológica, econômica e social. Na costa nordeste do Brasil muitos ecossistemas estuarinos ainda encontram-se pouco ou até mesmo não estudados, deixando uma lacuna nos estudos ecológicos referentes a esses ecossistemas que além de grande dinamismo também apresentam muitas particularidades, principalmente ao longo dessa região (NE) onde a plataforma continental é mais estreita. Dessa forma, durante o período de doze meses o habitat praia estabelecido na porção externa do estuário do Rio Goiana foi amplamente estudado, tendo como objetivo principal, avaliar o potencial desse ambiente como berçário para as assembleias de peixes. Um total de três desenhos amostrais foram elaborados e executados nas praias adjacentes a foz do Rio Goiana. A partir do esforço amostral, aspectos relacionados à composição e dinâmica da comunidade de fauna, assim como, características morfodinâmicas e ambientais, foram descritos pela primeira vez nesse habitat, que atualmente encontra-se sob a condição de Reserva Extrativista (RESEX Acaú-Goiana). Foi identificado que as praias adjacentes ao estuário ocorrem junto a um extenso terraço de baixa-mar, cortado pelo canal principal do rio ao longo da margem sul do estuário. Por se tratar de um ambiente dominado pela maré, diferentes ciclos ambientais como o ciclo lunar e circadiano, apresentaram grande influencia nos padrões das variáveis ambientais (salinidade, temperatura da agua, oxigênio dissolvido e profundidade), assim como, no uso do habitat pelas diferentes espécies da fauna. A diferença no regime de chuvas ao longo do ciclo sazonal mostrou-se determinante na composição da comunidade biótica das praias, dominadas por espécies estuarinas durante a estação chuvosa, e abrigando um maior número de espécies costeiras durante a estação seca. Esse ciclo sazonal do habitat, estimulado pelas oscilações de variáveis ambientais como salinidade e temperatura, permite que o habitat contemple um maior número de espécies, e aumenta a eficiência do fluxo de energia entre a porção interna do estuário e habitats costeiros adjacentes. A porção externa do estuário do Rio Goiana proporciona um extenso habitat de aguas rasas, ideal para o desenvolvimento inicial de varias espécies de peixes e crustáceos. É nesse habitat, que o berçário de espécies chave para a subsistência de famílias tradicionais como, Mugil spp. e Callinectes danae ocorre. O grande acúmulo de matéria orgânica, típico de terraços de maré, associado às baixas profundidades e transparência, promovem proteção e recursos alimentares para inúmeras espécies em desenvolvimento inicial, se apresentando assim, como uma importante alternativa de berçário para as assembleias de peixes e crustáceos. As praias estudadas podem exercer um importante papel na manutenção da biodiversidade do ecossistema estuarino e adjacente. As informações levantadas no presente estudo são inéditas, podendo servir de auxilio aos órgãos competentes, em seus planos de manejo de ecossistemas costeiros em unidades de conservação.
Coastal areas are considered transition zones between continental and marine environments, with high complexity and dynamism. Representing approximately 10% of the habitable emerged areas, currently home to about two-thirds of the world population providing numerous services (economic and social) to human society, which in constantly expanding, overwhelms these environments which performing key ecological roles in the maintenance of local biodiversity (and productivity ) and in the adjacent ecosystems (terrestrial and marine). Among the different coastal ecosystems, estuarine systems are well known to be present in practically the entire Brazilian coast, as well as presenting ecological, economic and social services. On the northeast coast of Brazil many estuarine ecosystems are still little or even not studied, leaving a gap in ecological estuarine studies, especially over this region (NE), where the continental shelf is narrower providing many particularities to this ecosystems. So, during the twelve-month period, the beach habitat established in the outer portion of the estuary Goiana was widely studied, with the main purpose of evaluating the potential of this environment as a nursery for fish assemblages. A total of three sampling designs were developed and implemented in the sandy beaches adjacent to Goiana River’s mouth. Aspects related to the composition and dynamics of the faunal community, as well as, morphodynamic and environmental features, were described for the first time in this area, a Marine Conservation Unit, of type Extractive Reserve (RESEX Acaú-Goiás). It was identified that the adjacent estuarine beaches occur along an extensive low tide terrace, crossed by the Goiana main channel along the southern shore. As a tide dominated environment, different environmental cycles, such as circadian and lunar cycle, had great influence on the patterns of environmental variables (salinity, water temperature, dissolved oxygen and depth), as well as in habitat use by different fauna species. The differences in rainfall regime along the seasonal cycle, proved decisive in the composition of the biotic community, dominated by estuarine species during the rainy season, and harboring a greater number of coastal species during the dry season. This seasonal cycle of the habitat, allows the sandy beaches to contemplate a larger number of species, and increases the efficiency of energy flow between the inner portion of the estuary and adjacent coastal habitats. The outer portion of Goiana River estuary provides an extensive shallow water habitat, ideal for the initial development of various species of fish and crustaceans. In this habitat, the nursery of key species for the livelihoods of traditional families as Mugil spp. and Callinectes danae occurs. The large accumulation of organic matter (wrack), typical of tidal terraces, associated to lowest depths and water transparency, promote protection and food resources for many species in early development, presenting as an important alternative nursery and feeding site for fish and crustaceans species. Thus, the sandy beach habitat plays an important role in the livelihood of the local community, as well as in maintaining the biodiversity of estuarine-coastal continuum. The information gathered in this study, should be taken into account by environmental agencies in their planning of coastal ecosystems.
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Rose, Lucy. „Day-to-day engagement : a study of the complexities of climate change engagement in the context of day-to-day life“. Thesis, University of Exeter, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/17554.
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This thesis adds a complex account to existing climate change engagement literature, which captures the ways that interactions with, and interpretations of, climate change emerge across the spaces and practices of day-to-day life. The empirical research for this thesis was based in Penryn and Falmouth, two small adjoining coastal towns located in the county of Cornwall, in the southwest of the UK. Fieldwork across a number of sites including schools, community groups and the local fishery engaged participants in a wide variety of research interactions. A combination of ethnographic and autoethnographic techniques were applied to produce complex, nuanced and personal accounts of interactions with and reflections on climate change that emerged in a day-to-day context. This study employed the innovative use of a personal research archive to facilitate the process of sense making across a body of highly detailed and contextual data. Through the use of thematic coding, links between data collected in diverse research encounters has been drawn together to produce meaningful narratives of climate change engagement in day-to-day life. These narratives capture the adaptive, imperfectly situated and inconsistent engagement responses that emerge as a result of the challenging nature of climate change and the inevitable, multiple pressures of the day-to-day context. The research approach taken in this study, and the findings set out in the thesis make contributions to three main areas of climate change engagement literature. Firstly, it explores the way that climate change is situated and understood in the context of day-to-day life. Secondly, it considers the implications of conceptualising climate change engagement as either a ‘process’ or a ‘state’. Finally, it extends existing analysis of ‘barriers to engagement’, locating them within the complexity of the day-to-day context and identifying them as part of essential interpretive iterations of engagement.
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Simões, Ana Leda Bertoncini. „Estudo comparativo e variabilidade circadiana das temperaturas timpanica, oral e axilar em adultos hospitalizados“. [s.n.], 2005. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/311342.
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Orientador: Milva Maria Figueiredo De MartinoDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas
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Resumo: Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo verificar a variabilidade circadiana das temperaturas timpânica, oral e axilar; correlacionar as medidas da temperatura timpânica considerando o ângulo de posicionamento e comparar as medidas entre si, em pacientes adultos hospitalizados. Participaram, 15 pacientes do sexo masculino sem sinais de processos infecciosos, com idade entre 22 a 75 anos com diversos diagnósticos clínico e cirúrgico, internados nas enfermarias de Cardiologia, Gastroclínica e Enfermaria Geral de Adultos (EGA). Foram medidas as temperaturas ao longo do período de vigília, iniciando às 6 horas da manhã e a última às 22 horas, com um total de nove medidas. Verificou-se também a temperatura ambiente nas enfermarias durante o período das 5h30, às 14 horas e às 20 horas. Os resultados mostraram que houve diferença significativa entre as médias dos termômetros; as médias dos horários medidos; às médias entre as temperaturas dos termômetros no período noturno e entre as médias nos períodos matutino e vespertino (p-value=0,0001). Não houve diferença significativa entre os horários medidos no período noturno (p-value=0,8) e entre as médias das temperaturas nos períodos matutino e vespertino (p-value=0,4), quando utilizada a técnica paramétrica de análise de variância e o teste de Tukey para comparações múltiplas. O nível de significância adotado foi ? = 0,05. O termômetro timpânico registrou a variabilidade circadiana dos pacientes e seus valores de temperatura foram maiores em relação aos outros locais de medida
Resumo: Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo verificar a variabilidade circadiana das temperaturas timpânica, oral e axilar; correlacionar as medidas da temperatura timpânica considerando o ângulo de posicionamento e comparar as medidas entre si, em pacientes adultos hospitalizados. Participaram, 15 pacientes do sexo masculino sem sinais de processos infecciosos, com idade entre 22 a 75 anos com diversos diagnósticos clínico e cirúrgico, internados nas enfermarias de Cardiologia, Gastroclínica e Enfermaria Geral de Adultos (EGA). Foram medidas as temperaturas ao longo do período de vigília, iniciando às 6 horas da manhã e a última às 22 horas, com um total de nove medidas. Verificou-se também a temperatura ambiente nas enfermarias durante o período das 5h30, às 14 horas e às 20 horas. Os resultados mostraram que houve diferença significativa entre as médias dos termômetros; as médias dos horários medidos; às médias entre as temperaturas dos termômetros no período noturno e entre as médias nos períodos matutino e vespertino (p-value=0,0001). Não houve diferença significativa entre os horários medidos no período noturno (p-value=0,8) e entre as médias das temperaturas nos períodos matutino e vespertino (p-value=0,4), quando utilizada a técnica paramétrica de análise de variância e o teste de Tukey para comparações múltiplas. O nível de significância adotado foi ? = 0,05. O termômetro timpânico registrou a variabilidade circadiana dos pacientes e seus valores de temperatura foram maiores em relação aos outros locais de medida
Abstract: The aim of this research was to verify the daily variation of the tympanic, oral and axillary temperatures, and correlate measurements of the Tympanic temperature considering the positioning angle and to compare the set of measurements in adult volunteer patients during treatment in the Clinics Hospital of Universidade Estadual de Campinas, São Paulo. The results refer to fifteen male in patients, 22 to 75 years old with no signal of infectious processes, having different clinical and cirurgic diagnostics in the Cardiology, Gastroclinics, and Adult General Nursery. The temperatures were measured nine times between 6 am and 10 pm. The ambient nurserys temperature was also monitored, at 5:30 am, 2 pm, and 8 pm. The results show that there was a significant difference between: the mean measured temperatures in different positions; the mean values of the different scheduled times; the mean values of the morning and afternoon periods (p-value=0,0001). When using the parametric technique of analysis of variance and the Tukey¿s test of multiple comparation, there was no significant difference between the measured values (p-value=0,8). The significance level adopted was ? = 0,05. The tympanic thermometer has registered the daily variation of the patients¿ temperature and its values were bigger than the measured by the other places of measurement
Abstract: The aim of this research was to verify the daily variation of the tympanic, oral and axillary temperatures, and correlate measurements of the Tympanic temperature considering the positioning angle and to compare the set of measurements in adult volunteer patients during treatment in the Clinics Hospital of Universidade Estadual de Campinas, São Paulo. The results refer to fifteen male in patients, 22 to 75 years old with no signal of infectious processes, having different clinical and cirurgic diagnostics in the Cardiology, Gastroclinics, and Adult General Nursery. The temperatures were measured nine times between 6 am and 10 pm. The ambient nurserys temperature was also monitored, at 5:30 am, 2 pm, and 8 pm. The results show that there was a significant difference between: the mean measured temperatures in different positions; the mean values of the different scheduled times; the mean values of the morning and afternoon periods (p-value=0,0001). When using the parametric technique of analysis of variance and the Tukey¿s test of multiple comparation, there was no significant difference between the measured values (p-value=0,8). The significance level adopted was ? = 0,05. The tympanic thermometer has registered the daily variation of the patients¿ temperature and its values were bigger than the measured by the other places of measurement
Mestrado
Enfermagem e Trabalho
Mestre em Enfermagem
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Lemire, Chantal. „At the "Crossroads” : the interaction between speech rhythm and musical rhythm in Tom Waits's spoken-word song“. Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/45218.
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In this study I will analyze the spoken-word song, “Crossroads,” by singer-songwriter Tom Waits. “Crossroads” combines natural speech and metrical music, which highlights the rhythmic similarities and differences between speech and music. My analysis combines analytical tools developed in linguistics and music that can examine the rhythmic sensations created through spoken word. Christopher Hasty’s theory of metric projection represents the rhythmic structure of the musical accompaniment, and Bruce Hayes’s theory of metrical stress represents the rhythmic structure of Waits’s speech. The combination of the two theories explores how the presence of natural speech changes my sensation of the musical accompaniment, and vice versa. In my analysis of “Crossroads,” I propose that combination of speech and metrical music can generate a unique sensation of rhythm and structure akin to an optical illusion. This approach offers one possible way that the analysis of spoken word can prioritize its performance aspects to the same degree as the artists who use the form.
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Brito, Leandro Campos de. „Hipotensão pós-exercício aeróbico e seus mecanismos hemodinâmicos e neurais em pré-hipertensos: influência da fase do dia e associação com a regulação endócrina circadiana“. Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/39/39132/tde-22112013-103625/.
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O exercício aeróbico é recomendado para indivíduos pré-hipertensos como prevenção da hipertensão arterial. Uma única sessão de exercício aeróbico promove hipotensão pósexercício. Estudos prévios com normotensos observaram menor hipotensão pós-exercício pela manhã do que ao final da tarde, porém, estes estudos não incluíram uma situação controle (sem exercício) e avaliaram apenas alguns determinantes hemodinâmicos desse fenômeno. Dessa forma, o objetivo deste estudo foi analisar e comparar a resposta da pressão arterial (PA) e seus determinantes hemodinâmicos e mecanismos autonômicos após uma sessão de exercício aeróbico realizado pela manhã (9:00 h) e ao final do dia (18:30 h), relacionando os resultados obtidos com os efeitos deste exercício em alguns marcadores neuro-hormonais do ritmo circadiano. Para tanto, 16 homens pré-hipertensos participaram de 4 sessões experimentais conduzidas em ordem aleatória: duas pela manhã e duas ao final do dia. Em cada fase do dia, foram realizadas uma sessão controle (repouso) e outra de exercício (cicloergômetro, 45 min, 50% VO2pico). A PA clínica, o débito cardíaco (DC), a resistência vascular periférica (RVP), o volume sistólico (VS), a frequência cardíaca (FC), a modulação autonômica cardíaca e vasomotora, a sensibilidade barorreflexa, o fluxo sanguíneo muscular, a capacidade vasodilatadora e as concentrações plasmáticas de noradrenalina e adrenalina foram medidos antes e após a intervenção em cada sessão. Além disso, a PA ambulatorial de 24 horas foi medida após as sessões e a concentração do metabólito da melatonina 6- sulfatoximelatonina produzida durante a noite anterior e posterior a cada sessão foi dosada. Os dados foram analisados pela ANOVA de 2 ou 3 fatores repetidos bem como pelo teste t ou teste de wilcoxon pareado e as associações foram calculadas pelas correlações de Pearson e Spearman. Foi aceito como significante P0,05. O exercício promoveu maior redução da PA sistólica pela manhã do que ao final do dia (-7±3 vs -3±4 mmHg, P<0,05), enquanto que a PA diastólica diminuiu de forma semelhante nestas duas fases do dia (-3±3 vs -3±3 mmHg, respectivamente). O DC diminuiu e a RVP tendeu a aumentar pós-exercício pela manhã, enquanto que estas variáveis não se modificaram pós-exercício ao final do dia (-460±771ml/min e +2,0±3,8 mmHg.min/l; +148±633ml/min e -1,4±2,8 mmHg.min/l, respectivamente). O VS diminuiu similarmente pós-exercício em ambas as fases do dia (- 12±15 vs. -9±10 ml, P<0,05), enquanto que a FC aumentou mais ao final do dia (+7±5 vs. +10±5 bpm, P<0,05). Isto ocorreu, devido ao exercício promover aumento do balanço simpatovagal (BF/AF) somente ao final do dia (+1,5±1,6, P<0,05), enquanto que a modulação vasomotora (BFPAS) pós-exercício diminuiu apenas pela manhã (-0,5±0,9 mmHg2, P<0,05). A sensibilidade barorreflexa espontânea, avaliada pelo do ganho médio de sequências positivas e negativas (SBR±) diminuiu pós-exercício nas duas fases do dia. O exercício não teve nenhum efeito sobre o fluxo sanguíneo e a capacidade vasodilatadora do braço, mas aumentou a capacidade vasodilatadora da perna apenas quando o exercício foi realizado ao final do dia (+116±172 ua, P<0,05). Nas medidas ambulatoriais, o exercício realizado ao final do dia reduziu a PA de sono e no período entre a 5 e 7ª hora pós-exercício. O exercício não teve nenhum efeito sobre os níveis de noradrenalina, adrenalina e 6-sulfatoximelatonina. Dessa forma, não houve correlações consistentes entre o efeito do exercício nos níveis hormonais e nas variáveis hemodinâmicas, autonômicas e ambulatoriais em nenhuma das fases do dia. Em conclusão, em pré-hipertensos, uma única sessão de exercício aeróbico reduz a PA pósexercício tanto quando o exercício é realizado pela manhã quanto ao final do dia, mas o maior efeito hipotensor é observado quando o exercício é realizado pela manhã para a PA sistólica. Este maior efeito hipotensor sistólico se deve à queda do DC pela manhã, que ocorre devido à diminuição do volume sistólico e menor aumento da FC pós-exercício nesta fase do dia, o que é provocado pelo menor aumento do balanço simpatovagal e se acompanha de menor aumento na capacidade vasodilatadora da musculatura ativa nesta fase do dia. O efeito hipotensor do exercício, no entanto, ao final do dia se reflete em redução da PA de sono pósexercício. Os efeitos do exercício aeróbico, realizado em diferentes fases do dia, sobre a PA clínica e ambulatorial e seus mecanismos hemodinâmicos, autonômicas e vasculares não se relacionam aos efeitos deste exercício sobre as catecolaminas e a produção de melatoninaAerobic exercise is recommended for prehypertensive individuals to prevent hypertension development. An aerobic exercise bout promotes post-exercise hypotension, and previous studies with normotensive individuals reported that post-exercise hypotension is lower when exercise is conducted in the morning than in the evening. However, these studies have not included a control situation (without exercise) and only evaluated some hemodynamic determinants of this phenomenon. Thus, the aim of this study was to analyze and to compare blood pressure (BP) responses and their hemodynamic determinants and autonomic mechanisms after an aerobic exercise performed in the morning (9:00a.m) and the evening 6:30p.m), associating these results with the effects of this exercise in some neurohormonal markers of circadian rhythms. For this, 16 prehypertensive men underwent 4 experimental sessions conducted in random order: two in the morning and two in the evening. At each time of day, one control (rest) and one exercise (cycle ergometer, 45 min, 50% of VO2peak) sessions were performed. Clinic BP, cardiac output (CO), systemic vascular resistance (SVR), stroke volume (SV), heart rate (HR), cardiac autonomic modulation, vasomotor modulation, baroreflex sensitivity, muscle blood flow, vasodilation and plasma concentrations of norepinephrine and epinephrine were measured before and after the intervention in each session. In addition, ambulatory BP was measured for 24 hours after the experimental sessions and the concentration of melatonin metabolite 6-sulfatoxymelatonin produced during the sleep before and after each session was assessed. Data were analyzed by 2 or 3-way ANOVA for repeated measures as well as by paired t test or Wilcoxon test, and the associations between variables were calculated by Pearson and Spearman correlations. P 0.05 was accepted as significant. Exercise produced a greater systolic BP reduction in the morning than the evening (-7 ± 3 -3 ± 4 mmHg, P<0.05), while the diastolic blood pressure decreased similarly in both times of day (-3±3 vs -3±3 mmHg, respectively, P<0.05). CO decreased and SVR tended to increased after exercise in the morning, while these variables did not change after exercise in the evening (-460 ± 771ml/min and +2.0 ± 3.8 mmHg.min/l; +148 633ml/min ± 2.8 and -1.4 ± mmHg.min/l , respectively). VS decreased similarly after exercise in both times of day (-12 ± 15 vs -9 ± 10 ml, P<0.05), while the HR increased more in the evening (+7 ± 5 vs +10 ± 5 bpm, P<0.05). This occurred because exercise increased sympathovagal balance only in the evening (+1.5 ± 1.6, P<0.05), whereas vasomotor modulation decreased only after exercise performed in the morning (-0.5 ± 0.9 mmHg2, P<0.05). Spontaneous baroreflex sensitivity, measured by the average gain of positive and negative sequences (± SBR) decreased after the exercise in both times of day. The exercise did not affect arm blood flow and vasodilatory capacity, but increased leg vasodilation when exercise was performed in the evening (+116 ± 172 au, P<0.05). In regard to ambulatory measures, the exercise performed in the evening reduced asleep BP and BP measured 5-7hr post-exercise. The exercise did not have any effect in the norepinephrine, epinephrine and 6- sulphatoxymelatonin. Thus, there was not consistent correlation between the effect of exercise in hormone levels and in hemodynamic, autonomic and ambulatory responses. In conclusion, in prehypertensives, a single bout of aerobic exercise reduces post-exercise BP regardless if the exercise is performed in the morning or in the evening, however a greater hypotensive effect is observed in the morning for systolic BP. This greater systolic hypotensive effect is due to the decrease in CO in the morning, related to a decrease in SV and a lower increase in HR after the exercise performed in the morning, which is caused by a lower increase in sympathovagal balance and is accompanied by a smaller increase in active muscles vasodilatory capacity in the morning. The hypotensive effect of evening exercise leads to a reduction in asleep BP. The effects of exercise, performed at different times of day, on postexercise clinic and ambulatory BP as well in its hemodynamic, autonomic and vascular determinants are not related to the effects of this exercise in catecholamines and melatonin production
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Van, Hooser David Bond Bruce. „Opening day“. [Denton, Tex.] : University of North Texas, 2008. http://digital.library.unt.edu/permalink/meta-dc-9018.
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Walker, L., und Rebekah J. Byrd. „Interdependence Day“. Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2014. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/876.
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Book Summary: In this versatile new book, practicing school counselors share their favorite group activities 67 of them in all for working with children and adolescents in the schools. For ease of use, activities are arranged by age as well as by stage. Introductory chapters highlight selection, use, and processing of activities, as well as ethical issues inherent in working with students in the schools. Each activity contains specific directions, goals, materials, and suggestions for adaptation. Suggestions for creating a supportive environment for groups are also included.
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Guenther, Ben. „oPPOSITE dAY“. Ohio University Art and Sciences Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ouashonors1265385993.
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Martyn, Raewyn. „DAY FOLDER“. VCU Scholars Compass, 2013. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/3039.
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Provisional or unfinished images, forms and actions can sustain their status by continuing to change. This can resist programmed experience of their state, and shift their relationship as images within time. The sub-aesthetics of the unfinished and entropic can alter our understanding of where and how images are formed and located within time. My paintings each exist within their own emergent systems of time, structure and productive disorder. This thesis discusses these ideas in relation to DAY FOLDER and other work made during my MFA studies.
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Van, Hooser David. „Opening Day“. Thesis, University of North Texas, 2008. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc9018/.
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Although I've read and written poetry for my own pleasure for about twenty years now, I've only seriously studied and written poetry on a consistent basis for the past two years. In this sense, I still consider myself a beginning poet. When attempting to pursue an art form as refined and historically informed as poetry, only after spending a number of years reading and writing intensively would I no longer consider myself a beginner, but a practitioner of the art. I've grounded my early development as a poet in concision, voice, and imagination, and hope to build upon these ideas with other poetic techniques, theories, and forms as I go forward. I am particularly interested in mastering the sonnet form, a concise and imaginative form that will allow me to further develop my skills. Hopefully, the works in this thesis reflect that effort.
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Kellermann, Alan Michael. „Columbus Day“. Thesis, Swansea University, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.678545.
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Olijnek, Scheuzger Andrea Joy. „The effects of specific transfer activities on fifth grade orchestra and band students' rhythmic performance“. Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1148567238.
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