Dissertationen zum Thema „Ressource publique“
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Thibert, Jean-Baptiste. „Le sang ressource publique universelle : une intentionnalité internationale en faveur du Bien commun“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Rennes (2023-....), 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023URENG003.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe therapeutic use of blood puts the law in tension, by questioning the reconciliation of the protection of a personified body and a disjunctive market reality. Two aspects of human health protection are often opposed: patient access to treatment and donor health protection. The attribution of the legal status of medicines to some of these blood derivatives precipitates reflection on an international market, one of the pitfalls of which is to restrict the problematisation to a simple balance between supply and demand, while limiting the analysis to the question of the remuneration of donors. The result is a difficulty As a result, it is difficult to respond, both theoretically and practically, to the current issues of self-sufficiency in blood products and donor protection, calling for a move beyond the usual framework of analysis by globalising the question and problematising it in two major dimensions: - An international dimension, which invites an analysis of the concepts mobilised for the problems linked to the use of precious resources of common use to all. - A European dimension, which seems to be a relevant scale of subsidiarity for the governance of common objectives. Our thesis seeks to explore universal legal mechanisms for the protection of the individual and his circulating elements, using the example of blood. Starting from the limits of law and doctrine to address the extra-commerciality of blood, we analyse the elements of international doctrine, applied to goods, things, common and public, while questioning blood through the prism of the resource. The aim is to identify a conceptual framework, a geopolitical perimeter and a legal arsenal of relevant actions, which could be part of a model where the protection of human rights could justify exceptions to market rules, in a perspective of search for a common Good
Balinoff, Natacha. „Le droit d'exploitation de la ressource halieutique“. Poitiers, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003POIT3013.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGillio, Nicolas. „Le foncier, une ressource territoriale pour le développement économique“. Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAH012/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleEconomic land contributes actively to the development of companies in the territories as a spatial translation of economic activity and as a form of intervention by public bodies in France and in several European countries.The location of economic activities is defined in spatial economics according to the distance to the urban center. The value that economic agents attribute to a central or peripheral location is based on the level of differential rent perceived by landowners. This income, assimilated to the land use cost incorporated in property prices, is a decreasing function of distance to the urban center, which varies according to the different activities (housing, office, retail, industry). The concentration of activities depends on the mechanisms of urban land rent and explains the differences in economic wealth between areas with high concentration of activities and jobs and spaces with low density. The land rent achieved by landowners will result in a trade-off between proximity and distance to the center that the companies would achieve through the market law. However, these explanations are incomplete to explain the divergent economic paths between territories. In spatial economics, land use is adjusted by the firm according to the level of land use they can put up with. However, this approach lacks of relevance when firms derive economic development from a territory without leading to high land rents or when development becomes a strategic issue for the territory. Thus, the concentration of economic activities and land rent are considered as a way to explain optimal locations, but they do not explain all kind of situations. The explanatory model is both dependent on the availability of data, the homogeneity of space and the modeled behavior of economic agents.In order to provide new explanations, we offer an other theoretical approach that is less econometric and more empirical in order to analyze the mechanisms for moderately dense territories where land is highly coveted by private investors. These territories are those of the Plaine de Saint-Exupéry, a metropolitan interface area of the Lyon urban zone, and Metropole Savoie, an area of inhabited plains between Geneva and Grenoble.Using the notion of territorial resource we consider territorial economy to understand the relationships between land and economic activities. The territorial land resource highlights choices of localization for services and industrial activities. These are structured by cooperative relations involving actors in land development and real estate development, alongside local authorities and companies that seek for local ecosystems that are conducive to the development of their business. They may also seek for institutional and geographical proximity, which are different from the concentration of activities.The territorial resource emphasizes the diversity of development models and specific assets. The development of land use strategies, and the methods of coordination between public and private actors that depend on them, explain the functions of redeployment and interface of land. These two functions refer, on the one hand, to the fact that the land use resource facilitates the transformation of activities on the territory and, on the other hand, that land is a condition for the existence of other resources for activities on this territory. In other words, without an interface, land can be allocated to functions unrelated to the specific assets of the territory. Without redeployability, land will be marketed without consideration for its long-term value, but only for its short-term market value. Based on empirical observations on the Plaine de Saint-Exupéry and on Metropole Savoie, we illustrate these notions and show that public management over economic land use, in particular, makes it possible to reveal territorial land resources at a time when the territories have to invent their own sustainable development path
Grujard, Eric. „Les enjeux géopolitiques de la préservation de la ressource en eau en France“. Paris 8, 2006. http://octaviana.fr/document/121317781#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDrawing on four case studies in France (the Rennes basin, the Charente-Maritime region, the North-Pas de Calais Region and Charlas in Haute Garonne), this geopolitical study shows that the issue of the preservation of water resources in France can no longer be perceived as a purely technical question but is shown to be the framework within which players vie for control of the resource and, via the resource, for control of local planning. New draft water legislation, the implementation of the European framework directive on Water and the emergence of procedures for public consultation and participation have lead to new configurations of players which modify territorial power struggles and methods of water management in France
Mamboundou, Jean-Paul. „Les effets de l'aide publique sur la pérennité des PME gabonaises : proposition et validation d'une grille d'analyse fondée sur la perspective ressource“. Nancy 2, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001NAN22002.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePoirier, Cécile. „L'ethnicité comme ressource politique : partage de l'espace urbain et gestion de la diversité à Montréal et Bordeaux“. Bordeaux 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005BOR30018.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDuring the last twenty years, local authorities in western countries have been put under pressure to better take into account their citizens’ ethnocultural differences or, on the contrary, to limit such adaptation. Although this kind of accommodation often consists of ad hoc measures, researchers in the field of the management of diversity, have tended to focus on public policies. This research examines instead concrete practices of diversity management, specifically in the domain of sports and leisure, which are usually perceived as a means of social integration. In fact, both diversity management and recreation services are somewhat ambiguous because of their double vocation of respecting differences and personal development and promoting integration. Both also operate in a context dominated by formal and informal partnerships with a variety of organisations providing public services. What strategies do local authorities adopt to take differences into account and develop appropriate service provision? Based on three case studies (two in Montreal and one in Bordeaux), this research reveals that diversity management practices depend less on formal policy than on local issues of governance in sports and leisure and on the actors’ capacity to understand cultural codes. From a scientific viewpoint it underscores the relevance of the notion of ethnicity as a political resource, and from a practical viewpoint it highlights the importance of developing intercultural training and reflexive practices
Maury, Caroline. „L' identitaire comme ressource politique transfrontialière entre architecture multiniveaux éclatée et fenêtre d'opportunité : "Perpinyá la catalana"“. Aix-Marseille 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006AIX32075.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleArnaud, Lionel. „L'idéologie sportive au service des politiques d'intégration des minorités ethniques de Lyon et de Birmingham : analyse d'une ressource politique efficace“. Lyon 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999LYO10019.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSimonou, Anne. „Évaluation de la politique de gestion de la ressource en eau dans une ville moyenne de tradition industrielle. : Exemple de la ville de Cholet“. Angers, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999ANGE0015.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleHellier, Emmanuelle. „Collectivités urbaines et gouvernance de l'eau“. Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Rennes 2, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00772279.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAbdedaïem, Slaheddine. „Mutations socio-agro-spatiales et mode de gouvernance de l'eau dans les oasis "périurbaines" du gouvernorat de Gabès (Sud-est tunisien) : de la raréfaction d'une ressource à la crise d'un patrimoine“. Paris 10, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA100035.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe present thesis deals with the problem of water irrigation in the peri – urban oases of the district of Gabes. Through a look-back at the past , the thesis tries to focus on the existing relations between the scarcity of water resources , the great social changes as well as the ways of management of this resource hence the reorganization of the agricultural system within the oasis. Being located close to a coastal area increasingly attractive that resulted in an urbanization wave the rural oases are facing an unprecedented shift caused by human pressure due to rural drift. Consequently, this shift has put the oases face to a paradox. As a matter of fact, this research is mainly interested in the current dynamics as well as in the social, agricultural and spatial diversity in the midst of the oasis of Gabes. It also reveals that the severe decline of agricultural activities, caused by either abandoning this traditional work or by urban expansion, has not prevented the advent of some new strategies of adaptation that would fit the new urban, economic and social context. However identifying the various contributors to water management on the local level , their logic and the modality of governing of the water resources which are linked to the social, economic and political choices of our country( decentralization- disengagement –privatization – contribution ) permits to better understand the nature and the level of both the economic and political factors at stake. The conclusion shows that the water scarcity in the oasis is not only physical but it is also the result of the overexploitation of the resources in addition to its governance mode. Unfortunately, the “ Group of collective interest” GIC which is a social structure created by the State in order to ensure a both reasonable and fair management of water, turned to be the main cause of its scarcity , waste ,debt and the discrimination between users. Thus it is recommended that a suitable policy be based on sustainable development of the oases as multifunctional heritage where the environmental, the economic, the social and the cultural aspects are kept in perfect harmony
Clerc, Stephanie. „Santé mentale au travail dans un contexte d'hypermodernité : quels enjeux pour le management public ?“ Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLV029/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAbstract :In a context of modernization of the state, public structures have to face many organizational changes as well as a rise in psychosocial risks. From the works conducted on hypermodernity that we supplement with the theory of the preservation of resources, we seek to identify some issues in public management. This research, based on a qualitative study conducted among three decentralized state administrations, examines the dynamics between three variables: psychosocial risk factors, available resources and professional values. The analysis reveals, on the one hand, the existence of risksconsistent with those identified in private companies, on the other hand, the presence of regulatory resources related to the quality of relations with peers and the nature of missions as much as development opportunities; and, finally, values relating to motivation for public service. In general terms, the interpretation of the data indicates that professional values frequently come up against the logic of the new public management that underpins the new modes of public production. However, far from being passive, agents are turning to other "safe haven" values, such as the usefulness of their work or the satisfaction of users, who act as new resources in a context of uncertain future
Nkoumou, Ngoa Brice Gaston. „Essais sur la ressource humaine en santé et l’utilisation des services de santé maternelle en Afrique sub-saharienne“. Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PSLED081.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis studies the effect of prices on the decisions of health professionals and the use of maternal health services in sub-Saharan Africa. The first two chapters are concerned with the effect of wages on the effort choices and the multiple job holding of health professionals. Based on data collected at the peripheral level of the Cameroonian health system (Yaoundé and Douala), it appears that wages in the main job have no significant effect on the effort choice and the multiple job holding of the health professionals. Thus, a policy of high wages appears insufficient to control the shirking behaviour and the multiple job holding phenomenon of health professionals in the sub-Saharan context. The third chapter analyzes the short-term impact of the free delivery and caesarean program on the use of maternal health services in Senegal. This evaluation does not show in a short-term any positive impact of the free-of-charge measure on the use of maternal health services. The hasty scaling-up of free-of-charge policies can be then questioned in this context
Gabel, Markus. „Le "portefeuille" des ressources financières publiques : une analyse politico-financière du financement de l'Etat“. Paris 10, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA100043.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLike a firm, the financing of the public activities is a central matter of states. The positive analysis of this financing takes traditionally the political and institutional environment like a starting point. Interpreted as a corporation, the financial activity of countries takes place in a system of public governance based on taxes and debt as the essential financial soources. In an universe of rational expectations and absence of other disturbances, this analysis corresponds to the ricardian equivalence. Once these disturbances (incentive problems and other political transactions costs) recognized in the interior of public governance, tax and debt become real financial alternatives. The state-firm has consequently to choose between different sources of financing representing different levels of revenue and risk. An analysis in the tradition of the portfolio choice can deliver a behavioral basis for this financing activity. The resulting "Public Portfolio Choice (PC)" furnishes therefore a significant tool for resource selection (mean-vcariance criteria). In relation to a composite entity, the public financial resources (PFP) composed of taxes and deficits, this PPC applies financial logic to public financial management. It also creates new indicators, like, for instance, the degree of financial efficiency of public finance. The empirical analysis on 21 countries between 1965 and 1997 reveals that the financial characteristics of public portfolios take an important role in public financial decisions. It also shows that certain political and institutional elements represent an important factor in explaining public portfolios
Nguyen, Truong Tam. „Co-infection VIH/VHC : développement et mise en oeuvre d’outils paracliniques pour la prise en charge dans le pays à ressource limitée et la personnalisation thérapeutique“. Thesis, Montpellier, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015MONT3508/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleChronic viral hepatitis is a major public health issue worldwide in the field of infectious dis and mostly affects resource-constrained countries. The challenge for the resource-limited countries is to implement the strategies for screening and management of viral hepatitis, particularly for hepatitis C among people who inject drugs.In this thesis we have evaluated new tests and strategies to improved diagnosis and therapeutic monitoring of HCV and HIV infection in low resource setting. The first study evaluated the performances of HIV testing using filter paper (DSS – Dried serum spot) compared with rapid tests during the early phase of HIV infections. A total of 39 serum samples form newly diagnosed HIV infected persons was included. Fourth generation immunoassays (ElecsysCombi PT test reactive and Liaison XL test reactive) identified 34 out of 39 HIV early infections using dried serum spot, whereas the Determine TM HIV-1/2 rapid test detected 24 out of 39 HIV positive serum (87.2% vs 61.5% respectively, p = 0.009). Fourth generation Ag/Ab immunoassays performed on DSS had good performance for HIV testing during the early phases of HIV infection. In the second study, we conducted a cross-sectional study aimed to assess the proportion of clinically significant fibrosis in HIV/HCV-co-infected patients followed in Viet Tiep Hospital in Haiphong, Northern Vietnam. From February to March 2014, 104 HIV-HCV coinfected patients receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) were prospectively enrolled. 93 (89.4%) had detectable HCV RNA, median 6.19 (4.95-6.83 Log10 IU/mL). Patients were mainly infected with genotypes 1a/1b (69%) and genotypes 6a/6e (26%). 43 patients (41.3%) had fibrosis ≥ F2 including 24 patients (23.1%) with extensive fibrosis (F3) and/or cirrhosis (F4). Using Fibroscan® as a gold standard, the high threshold (2) of AST-to-platelet ratio index (APRI) had very good performances for the diagnosis of extensive fibrosis/cirrhosis (Se: 90%, Sp: 84%, AUROC=0.93, 95%CI: 0.86-0.99).In the last study, the impact of pegylated interferonα (PegINFα) and ribavirin therapy on T cell immune response was explored in HIV/HCV coinfected patients. Concentrations of 25 cytokines and CD8+ T cell activation were monitored in HCV/HIV co-infected patients. Results were compared between patients retrospectively classified as sustained virological responders (SVR, n=19) and non-responders (NR, n = 11). High pretreatment concentrations of IP-10 (CXCL-10) and MCP-1 (CCL-2) were associated with poor anti-HCV response. Highest rise in MIP-1β; and MCP-1 levels was observed four weeks after anti-HCV treatment initiation in SVR compared to NR, whereas a decrease of IL-8 concentration was associated with treatment failure (p= 0.052). Treatment based on drugs having immunomodulating activities may benefits from immunomonitoring using multiplex techniques. In conclusion, improving access to HIV and HCV diagnosis and monitoring are critical toward the control of these infections. Our work performed illustrate how dried blood spot, point of care testing, Fibroscan and simplified assays may contribute to HIV and HCV care in low resource setting. Key word : Co-infection HIV-HCV, IV drug user, dried blood Spot, liver fibrosis, fibroscan, APRI, Pegylated interferon, Vietnam
Magnoni, Júnior Lourenço. „O conhecimento científico como base para a resolução de problemas de educação ambiental relacionados à Microbacia Hidrográfica do Córrego São José do Corrente, município de Cabrália Paulista - SP /“. Bauru : [s.l.], 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/101995.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBanca: Ruy Moreira
Banca: Edson Belo Clemente de Souza
Banca: Osmar Cavassan
Banca: José Xaides de Sampaio Alves
Resumo: Na sociedade contemporânea, a importância da água é indiscutível. Além de seu valor de uso e valor econômico, a água é um direito de todos, um bem social e fator estratégico para as nações e povos. Esta pesquisa relata o acompanhamento e o envolvimento de muitas pessoas no desenvolvimento do Programa Estadual de Microbacias Hidrográficas implantado na Microbacia Hidrográfica do Córrego São José do Corrente no município de Cabrália Paulista (SP). A partir de projeto de Educação Ambiental desenvolvido pela Escola Técnica "Astor de Mattos Carvalho" (ETE), que objetiva a construção da consciência ambiental necessária para recuperar e preservar os recursos naturais existentes na região, analisou-se a eficácia do Programa na resolução dos problemas levantados no espaço ambiental da Microbacia. Foram, também, observados os resultados obtidos através das atividades teóricas e práticas de cunho técnico-científico e didático-pedagógico, desenvolvidas com a participação de alunos e professores da ETE, técnicos da Coordenadoria de Assistência Técnica Integrada (CATI), Casa da Agricultura e da Defesa Civil locais, produtores e trabalhadores rurais envolvidos no projeto. Como o assunto Microbacia Hidrográfica é complexo, no desenvolvimento dos trabalhos, procurou-se identificar os conhecimentos necessários dos diferentes ramos do saber humano para uma ação eficiente: geológico, geográfico, biológico, físico, químico, matemático, climatológico, agronômico, ambiental, estatístico, etc. O pesquisador e a coordenação do Programa de Microbacia Hidrográfica do Córrego do São José do Corrente, junto à Casa da Agricultura do município de Cabrália Paulista, realizaram ações participativas baseadas em diagnósticos que permitiram promover a conservação, recuperação, e manutenção dos recursos hídricos... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Résumé: Dans la société contemporaine, l'importance de l'eau est indiscutable. Au-delà de sa valeur d'usage et de celle économique, l'eau est un droit de tous, un bien social et un enjeu pour les nations et les peuples. Cette recherche relate le suivi et l'engagement de beaucoup de personnes dans le développement du Programme de l'État de São Paulo de Microbassins Hydrographiques (Programa Estadual de Microbacias Hidrográficas) mis en place dans le Microbassin Hydrographique du Ruisseau São José do Corrente dans la commune de Calábria Paulista au Brésil/São Paulo (Microbacia Hidrográfica do Córrego São José do Corrente). À partir du Projet d'Éducation à l'Environnement mis en marche par l'École Technique "Astor de Mattos Carvalho" - ETE - (Escola Técnica "Astor de Mattos Carvalho") dont le but est la construction d'une conscience à l'environnement nécessaire à lá récupération et à la préservation des ressources naturelles de la région, on a analysé l'efficacité du Programme dans la résolution des problèmes relevés dan l'espace environnemental du Microbassin. On a ainsi observé les résultats obtenus à travers les activités - théoriques et pratiques - technico-scientifiques et didactico-pédagogiques qui ont été développés avec la participation des élèves et des enseignants de l'ETE, avec des techniciens de la Coordination d'Assistance Technique Intégrée - CATI - (Coordenadoria de Assistência Técnica Integrada), de la Maison de l'Agriculture (Casa da Agricultura) et de la Défense Civile (Defesa Civil) et avec des agriculteurs et des travailleurs ruraux concernés par le projet. Au fur et à mesure de la recherche, vu que le sujet concernant... (Résumé complet accès électronique ci - dessous)
Doutor
Riachi, Roland. „Institutions et régulation d'une ressource naturelle dans une société fragmentée : Théorie et applications à une gestion durable de l'eau au Liban“. Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00979509.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDiallo, Ali Moussa. „Contribution de l'éducation à la croissance économique : une analyse de l'allocation des ressources publiques dans le système éducatif du Mali“. Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2007. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2007/DIALLO_Ali_Moussa_2007.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDropmann, Ulrich. „Allocation des ressources dans des systèmes radiomobiles à réservation par paquets /“. Paris : École nationale supérieure des télécommunications, 1996. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb358276993.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBontianti, Abdou. „La gestion des ressources naturelles au Niger : l'imbroglio des politiques publiques“. Bordeaux 3, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999BOR30013.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBon, Emmanuel. „Le drame des communaux : appropriation publique, privée, commune ou accès libre aux espaces-ressources naturels indiens ?“ Paris 10, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA100157.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn addition to the 143 millions hectares of cultivated lande, 90 millions hectares of wastelands, pastures and forest - i. E. 30 % of the Indian territory - are de facto hold as common property resources (CPRs). The magnitude of CPRs atteste for thé résilience of longestablished management systems and customary institutions in India. However, thé régulation and control of appropriation rights of natural resources remains contested domains. Beyond thé vain debate between rationality of homo economicus versus irrationality of thé world peasantry, actual situation is a more or less open access to most uncultivated land and renewable resources that is prejudicial to both thé citizen, thé State and nature itself. Main objective is to address theoretical and practical issues related to thé management of renewable resources. Does common property resources a universal cause of environmental tragedy or a pragmatic solution to thé overexploitation of renewable resources in developing countries?
Leroy, Maya. „Gestion stratégique des écosystèmes du fleuve Sénégal : actions et inactions publiques internationales /“. [Paris] : l'Harmattan, 2006. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb40957747b.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleParan, Frédéric. „Représentations territoriales pour la gestion équilibrée d'un patrimoine écologique et anthropique dans le domaine de l'eau“. Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Saint-Etienne, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00364286.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLa négociation territoriale nécessite de considérer de manière attentive des acteurs faibles, des acteurs absents et des valeurs morales pour une décision à la fois respectueuse des hommes et des écosystèmes. La méthodologie proposée est testée sur un site d'application situé dans la Plaine du Forez (Loire, France), secteur rural et agricole en bordure du fleuve Loire, où cohabitent un industriel du granulat et une association de protection de la nature. Ce site, qui a subi de nombreuses modifications et altérations d'origine anthropique (exploitation de granulats, agriculture intensive, endiguement du fleuve, barrage hydroélectrique), fut aussi pionnier en matière d'aménagement à vocation écologique d'anciennes gravières.
L'application proposée se focalise sur la nappe phréatique de la zone et aborde le territoire en 3 dimensions. Une dimension physique prise en charge par un modèle mathématique aux différences finies d'écoulement souterrain. Une dimension biologique qui combine analyses physico-chimiques et indicateurs biologiques (invertébrés souterrains et macrophytes des gravières). Une dimension humaine qui est explorée à l'aide d'un modèle d'inspiration sociologique appelé l'acteur en 4 dimensions. Les résultats de ces 3 études spécifiques permettent d'une part d'améliorer la connaissance de la ressource en eau du territoire, notamment l'aquifère, et d'autre part d'obtenir des représentations territoriales validées et complémentaires (cartes issues de SIG). Il s'agit d'améliorer et de compléter les représentations physiques du territoire à l'aide des représentations biologiques et réciproquement. L'étude sociologique permet de connaître les représentations territoriales les plus adaptées en fonction des acteurs. Au final, ces représentations, une fois converties en argumentaires spatiaux adaptés, sont mobilisables en tant qu'outils d'aide à la négociation/médiation territoriales, par exemple, pour le choix du site d'implantation et l'aménagement d'une gravière en milieu alluvial.
Au final, ce travail a permis de mettre en oeuvre une plate-forme pédagogique informatisée qui permet de tester l'argumentation spatiale et de simuler un processus de négociation en incluant jeu de rôles (acteurs, médiateurs), outils d'aide à la négociation/médiation et représentations territoriales. La négociation simulée vise à choisir l'emplacement et le mode de réhabilitation/réaffectation d'une gravière en milieu alluvial selon un processus participatif. La simulation propose ainsi un partage des connaissances acquises dans ce travail, ainsi qu'un déroulement permettant aux apprenants (joueurs) de se familiariser avec des outils d'aide à la négociation et les processus de négociations multi-acteurs. Cette simulation a permis de tester les argumentaires spatiaux développés dans le cadre de ce travail.
Baumstark, Luc. „Tarification de l'usage des infrastructures et théorie de l'allocation optimale des ressources : de la logique de la couverture des coûts à la logique de la révélation des préférences“. Lyon 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LYO22027.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe issue of infrastructure pricing has always been one of the major preoccupations of economists. Today more than ever, with the deregulation of the transport sector, it is in the spotlight of economic and political discussions, like most network goods. Theorists in public regulation have especially looked into the pricing procedures, which play a major role in the allocation of scarce resources. In this context, the pricing system has both avoiding waste of resources and situations in which demand of mobility is not properly satisfied. These theoretical objectives lead, on the one hand, to base pricing on investment and infrastructure funding, on the other hand to base pricing on way to regulate congested infrastructures, and lastly to base pricing on internalization of environmental externalities. The debates about infrastructure usage pricing are often limited to the costs which have to be charged on users. The theoretical analysis means further and requires to tackle pricing system as a way to force economic actors to reveal their willingness to pay in order to assure the realization of the social surplus. The actors concerned are just as well national or local authorities, citizen, users, taxpayers, as transport operators which appear with the spread of demand mobility
Chareyron, Sylvain. „Le non-recours aux aides sociales sous conditions de ressources“. Thesis, Paris Est, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PESC0045/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis consists of three empirical studies on the analysis of non-take-up to means-tested social assistance benefits in France. Different econometric methods were used on recent survey and experimental data. International literature on this topic is now substantial but few quantitative studies have been conducted in France. We propose, in this thesis, to provide insights on some points which have been too few studied in the French or international literature until now. The first chapter studies the non-take-up to the French basic income support program which has been hidden by the particularly high level of non-take-up to the supplemental income support. The analysis shows the presence of a substantial level of non-take-up for a poor population entitled to important level of benefits. This phenomenon appears to be explained mainly by the lack of contact of some households with the administration in charge of providing the benefits. The second chapter extends the analysis to the population of homeless as this population was not studied by former french and international works. This population has a lower non-take-up rate than the general population because homeless are generally more in need of benefits. It appears however that this population is very heterogeneous. Poorer homeless and homeless suffering worst housing conditions have a particularly high level of non-take-up. The third chapter documents the presence of spatial effects in the non-take-up of a program that provides free public transportation. The chapter shows that the farer households are from public transportation the less they claim for the program because they are less in need of such transports. The analysis shows also that the probability to know the program is affected by the propensity of households who know the program in the neighborhood. The fourth chapter tests the effect of different mailing in the propensity, for an income support beneficiary, to follow the steps required to stay in the program. The results show that the simplified mailing has no substantial effect on the attendance. However, providing information on the advantages and helps that are linked to the receipt of the income support program increases significantly the attendance of young men
Magnoni, Júnior Lourenço [UNESP]. „O conhecimento científico como base para a resolução de problemas de educação ambiental relacionados à Microbacia Hidrográfica do Córrego São José do Corrente, município de Cabrália Paulista - SP“. Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/101995.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Dans la société contemporaine, l'importance de l'eau est indiscutable. Au-delà de sa valeur d'usage et de celle économique, l'eau est un droit de tous, un bien social et un enjeu pour les nations et les peuples. Cette recherche relate le suivi et l'engagement de beaucoup de personnes dans le développement du Programme de l'État de São Paulo de Microbassins Hydrographiques (Programa Estadual de Microbacias Hidrográficas) mis en place dans le Microbassin Hydrographique du Ruisseau São José do Corrente dans la commune de Calábria Paulista au Brésil/São Paulo (Microbacia Hidrográfica do Córrego São José do Corrente). À partir du Projet d'Éducation à l'Environnement mis en marche par l'École Technique Astor de Mattos Carvalho - ETE - (Escola Técnica Astor de Mattos Carvalho) dont le but est la construction d'une conscience à l'environnement nécessaire à lá récupération et à la préservation des ressources naturelles de la région, on a analysé l'efficacité du Programme dans la résolution des problèmes relevés dan l'espace environnemental du Microbassin. On a ainsi observé les résultats obtenus à travers les activités - théoriques et pratiques - technico-scientifiques et didactico-pédagogiques qui ont été développés avec la participation des élèves et des enseignants de l'ETE, avec des techniciens de la Coordination d'Assistance Technique Intégrée - CATI - (Coordenadoria de Assistência Técnica Integrada), de la Maison de l'Agriculture (Casa da Agricultura) et de la Défense Civile (Defesa Civil) et avec des agriculteurs et des travailleurs ruraux concernés par le projet. Au fur et à mesure de la recherche, vu que le sujet concernant... (Résumé complet accès électronique ci - dessous)
Na sociedade contemporânea, a importância da água é indiscutível. Além de seu valor de uso e valor econômico, a água é um direito de todos, um bem social e fator estratégico para as nações e povos. Esta pesquisa relata o acompanhamento e o envolvimento de muitas pessoas no desenvolvimento do Programa Estadual de Microbacias Hidrográficas implantado na Microbacia Hidrográfica do Córrego São José do Corrente no município de Cabrália Paulista (SP). A partir de projeto de Educação Ambiental desenvolvido pela Escola Técnica “Astor de Mattos Carvalho” (ETE), que objetiva a construção da consciência ambiental necessária para recuperar e preservar os recursos naturais existentes na região, analisou-se a eficácia do Programa na resolução dos problemas levantados no espaço ambiental da Microbacia. Foram, também, observados os resultados obtidos através das atividades teóricas e práticas de cunho técnico-científico e didático-pedagógico, desenvolvidas com a participação de alunos e professores da ETE, técnicos da Coordenadoria de Assistência Técnica Integrada (CATI), Casa da Agricultura e da Defesa Civil locais, produtores e trabalhadores rurais envolvidos no projeto. Como o assunto Microbacia Hidrográfica é complexo, no desenvolvimento dos trabalhos, procurou-se identificar os conhecimentos necessários dos diferentes ramos do saber humano para uma ação eficiente: geológico, geográfico, biológico, físico, químico, matemático, climatológico, agronômico, ambiental, estatístico, etc. O pesquisador e a coordenação do Programa de Microbacia Hidrográfica do Córrego do São José do Corrente, junto à Casa da Agricultura do município de Cabrália Paulista, realizaram ações participativas baseadas em diagnósticos que permitiram promover a conservação, recuperação, e manutenção dos recursos hídricos...
Yanat, Zahir. „Flexibilité de la gestion des ressources humaines : cas de l'entreprise socialiste algérienne“. Bordeaux 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987BOR1D321.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLelong, Sarah. „La gouvernance des pêches communautaires à l'interface entre ressources et société : perspectives juridiques, biologiques et socioéconomiques“. Nantes, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012NANT4025.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMorin, Yoann. „L’Université en ses territoires : l’Enseignement Supérieur et la Recherche comme opérateur territorial“. Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAH008/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis work deals with the territorialisation of Higher Education & Research (HER) outside metropolitan and urban areas. The construction of this thesis is based on theoretical and empirical dialogue between two problematic areas: one relating to the territorialisation of HER and the other relating to reshuffles and crises affecting local public action. By doing so, this work proposes to consider territorialisation of HER not only as a planning issue or variable but more in its participation in the development and collective action in the territories. Then, the author assumes the existence of “HER territorial operators” that will seek to mobilize the resources of HER as a part of local collective dynamics and construction and upgrading of “local resources”. These “operators” are considered as « composite organizations » including “actors”, “structures”, “practicals” and “procedures” that will contribute to the “stabilization of interactions” between territories and HER. In turn, this stabilization will contribute to specify territorialized HER’s activities and roles assigned to them. This first level of analysis prompts the author to question relational structuring between territories and universities from an organizational perspective, unlike many studies which have focused on the question of “cognitive synchronization” between actors from different social and professional spheres. Finally, this work questions the role of cooperation between « territorial developers » and actors and academic activities. It reads these cooperations as « institutional entrepreneurship » strategies allowing a part of professionals of territories to play with the vagueness that characterizes their work and to defend a particular conception clearly rooted in the collective action. In conclusion, the author invites to consider the territorialisation of HER in the diversity of its effects on territories and out of a vision exclusively linked to the concept of excellence
Belot, Florence Liziard David Maury Brigitte Dalhoumi Salah. „Le management des ressources humaines en bibliothèque municipale étude à partir de quatre établissements /“. [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2003. http://www.enssib.fr/bibliotheque/documents/dcb/M-2003-RECH-07-belot.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleRossano, Maryline. „La santé au travail dans les fonctions publiques territoriale et hospitalière : une approche par les ressources“. Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018GREAG008/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleStress, burnout, well-being, work conditions, psychosocial risks, occupational health covers multiple notions. We choose to consider health according to the conservation of resources theory (Hobfoll, 1989, 1998, 2001). Its major contributions consist firstly in considering health not only from a pathogenic aspect but also from a salutogenic one (Abord de Chatillon, 2005 ; Neveu, 2007, 2012 ; Richard, 2012). Secondly, it proposes to study health as a whole process including its internal and external aspects. The issue of this study is to analyse both the process of maintenance and decline of occupational health in the specific public context. For several decades, this sector has been undergoing major transformations with New Public Management reforms. Although economically necessary this rationalization results in work intensification which influence work organization and health of public agents. Thus, our qualitative study through the three articles considers that occupational health is a dynamic process (in which individuals, collective and organization participate) expressed through the relationship to resources. Our thesis offers several contributions to help identify new organizational resources, to highlight the process of resource mobilization and the proactive capacity, to explicit the spiral process and to confirm the link, not sufficiently explored, between the NPM and job stress
Pérez, Becerra Liliana. „Les effets des politiques des ressources humaines sur le contrat psychologique : les cas des agents municipaux“. Paris 5, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA05H125.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe workplace relationship consists of an agreement for the exchange of services between the employee and the employer. The terms and conditions of the pact are interpreted differently by each part. Each individual develops a "psychological contract" based on his perception of reciprocal promises and obligations. Studies show that the evaluation and implementation of this agreement has significant repercussions on the attitudes and behaviors of employees. In France, the concept of the "psychological contract" has not been deeply studied. International literature on the subject has mainly focused on the private sector. Our works aims to discover the particularities of this contract in the public sector, for local civil servants, a group which has not been analyzed but which has a very important position in the French employment market. Our research wants to contribute to debate both on a theoretical and in and operational basis: on one hand, we analyse the employee's perceptions of wage policies as one of the factors influencing the psychological contract; on the other hand, we explore the links between the perception of the breach of contract and how the employee places himself in terms of salary with regards to others. We find one of the first indicators of the existent reciprocity between organisational justice and psychological contract. Our work confirms in this way the existence of a link between procedural justice (perception of equality and transparency in wage policies) and the perception of a breach in the psychological contract. We also confirm the link between the perception of this breach and salary comparisons (distributive justice)
Merai, Nathalie. „Fusion entreprise publique française-entreprise internationale : une approche ethnographique des transformations de la gestion des Ressources Humaines (2008-2012)“. Paris, EHESS, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014EHES0091.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe thesis is a monograph of the integration process following the merger between a private company and a public company. It builds on an ethnographic approach, complemented by a literature review related to internal and external business environment, as well as a participant observation conducted in the HR department of a multinational industrial group's branch over a three-year period (late 2009-2012). The thesis studies the transformations and evaluations of the HR function. It seeks to understand how it faces the organizational dissonance and confusion and how HR professionals manage to keep their role. The survey highlights the transformation process. It shows that it is multiple and unachieved four years after the merger. It follows several contingent, structural, institutional, managerial influences: Europeanization and implementation of an Anglo-Saxon model of human resources management within French subsidiaries, privatization, and many changes of all kinds, economic and financial crises. Measuring devices are varied and unstable, highlighting what counts at any given time. These factors explain much of the confusion felt by HR professionals. Using four theoretical models from the neo-institutional theory and economic sociology, the thesis makes some assumptions about mechanisms implemented by HR professionals to deal with this confusion, to organize and be effective. These mechanisms, such as coordination, individual relations and cooperation, hierarchical power and control involved at several levels in the post-integration period
Martins, Carolina Lino. „Système d'aide à la décision multicritère orienté Web pour la répartition des ressources des universités publiques brésiliennes“. Thesis, Toulouse 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOU10065/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe allocation of scarce resources is a complex problem, especially when it comes to budget constraints. Thus, this work aims to propose a multicriteria web-based Decision Support System for resource allocation in the context of higher education organizations, more precisely, public universities that have budget constraints, such as Brazilian federal universities. To do so, a Brazilian federal university was chosen as an end-user to make a numerical application to validate the multicriteria model for resource allocation proposed and, afterward, a web-based DSS was developed. For the MCDM resource allocation model, an additive value function was considered to set the percentage of the total budget that every alternative should receive. The problem was seen as a special case of project portfolio selection problem because its approach is deemed to be appropriate for a resource allocation decision context. For the web-based DSS, the analysis was carried out by developing a DSS Database model to store and retrieve data, defining the user’s interface based on his detailed requirement analysis and using a web platform to transform the prototype into a web-based system. The results were achieved. The system provided a clear vision on how the resource allocation procedure works, the entire process became more transparent to the ones that are affected by it, to the decision makers and to the government, enabling them to take safer and reliable decisions, seeking to reduce uncertainties and to maximize their results. The multicriteria web-based DSS presented here could be extended and applied by other federal universities in Brazil or other countries, adapting the alternatives and criteria for each specific internal allocation model and to the DM needs
Crozet, Paul. „Management communal et gestion des ressources humaines dans les villes moyennes“. Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997VERS1000.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleFrom : - the examination of the public management broadly speaking and the local management in particular, - the utilization of three questionnaires addressed to the mayor, the town clerk and the human resources director of towns with a population of 20 000 to 80 000, - and finally of the statements drawn on participating comments of two town halls completed by semi-directed interviews ; the thesis aims to describe and to analyse the modernization movement of town halls human resources management, characterized
Dejouhanet, Lucie. „« Unclear Occupation » la filière des plantes ayurvédiques : Paradoxes et limites de la gestion publique des ressources forestières au Kérala (Inde)“. Paris 10, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA100009.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBiodiversity protection and valorization of traditional medicines have become major environmental and social issues at the international level. While an ecosystemic service approach is being widely developed, the collection of non-wood forest products is seen as an opportunity for supporting the development of local populations in Southern countries. In Kerala (South India), the industrial production growth of ayurvedic medicines challenges the management of forest resources, from which the majority of medical raw material are extracted. In this State, known for its model of social development, an administered and integrated channel for the marketing of non-wood forest products has been implemented. It links adivasi collectors who have the official monopoly on the extraction of these products, with pharmaceutical industries. As it enforces a linear approach on their supplying, this channel excludes most stakeholders involved in the marketing of these products from the system, making their activity illegal. The public cooperative system offers price guarantees and market openings to authorized collectors – thus fulfilling its social role –, but lacks competitivity on a market, which is dominated by the private sector. The latter is not recognized by the State but it organises the activity, extends its networks and creates many parallel channels: the opacity and size of which widen the gap between industry and collectors, questioning the economic and ecologic sustainability of the sector. Through a critical analysis of the structure of the channel, this thesis highlights the contradictions in the public management of forest areas, split between protection of forest and its inhabitants and production of resources. The participative management tries to involve forest populations in the protection of their environment but in doing so, it complexifies even more power relationships and control issues in these areas
Bilek, Arnaud. „Économie politique des déterminants des dépenses publiques d'éducation : analyses théoriques et empiriques appliquées au cas français“. Paris 1, 2006. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00145727.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleTomo, Gisèle. „Ressources naturelles et développement durable dans les économies subsahariennes : le rôle de l'Union Européenne“. Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LORR0062/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleNatural resources are taken in the nature for, in the most of cases to improve the conditions of existence of the population. In Sub-Saharan Africa, economics are often dominated by the exploitation of these natural resources which contribute to the formation of the national wealth. This exploitation of natural resources should thus allow the improvement of the welfare of the present generations without compromising the possibility for the future generations to improve theirs. So natural resources should be exploited so that the heritage represented by the environment is not altered and so that the populations living thanks to these naturalresources see theirs conditions of existence improving today and in the future.The sustainable development is thus the way which must to guide the strategies ofdevelopment in Sub-Saharan economics which are generously endowed in natural resources. This one dresses a triple dimension, namely economic, social and ecological. It is thus important to examine the relation between natural resources and sustainable development because, indeed natural resources have to allow the populations to know a sustainable development. If certain countries indeed, although provided in natural resources did not bring, on examination of the indicators of development which are at the lowest, elements of sustainable development in the past and today, it is important to reverse the trend. It is as such that the strategies must be mobilized in Sub-Saharan Africa. The examination of the case of certain countries generously endowed in natural resources shows that these should be a source of endogenous growth to envisage a sustainabledevelopment. From then on the good governance, the best distribution of receipts stemming from natural resources and the contribution of the foreign partners are important. The European Union as partner and financer has a role so that the economics of Africa in the south of Sahara put themselves on the path of the sustainable development from their asset which lies in possession of natural resources. As such the financial cooperation among other has to give better results so that we can establish a relation between financing and sustainable development in Sub-Sahara Africa
Sainty, François. „Mutuelles de santé et nouveaux contextes d'action : une approche par le modèle Ressources Compétences“. Nice, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001NICE0030.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleKourouma, Joseph. „La mobilisation des ressources fiscales en Guinée : contribution à la nécessaire transformation du système fiscal guinéen“. Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE3027.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe recurrence of the public deficit in Guinea and the subsequent difficulty of financing public services, requires that more financial resources are identified to address them. Among the means of reducing the deficit, tax, due to its low budget participation (17% against 20% of GDP in the countries of the West African sub-region) is a government revenue whose performance must be substantially improved.Achieving this goal requires first that we reform the tax policy : In addition to highlighting commercial agreements including tax and customs implications dwindling budget revenues, and tax expenditures resulting from the policy of attraction of foreign investments, it is important to improve the tax efficiency strategies, which consist firstly to reform domestic taxation and secondly, to strengthen international tax cooperation to improve the fight against fraud and tax evasion. It is then important that we pay attention in the relationship between the tax administration and the taxpayer. These include identifying the reasons for the lack of civism of the Guinean taxpayer. They boil down to a propensity of public financial administration, with significant powers, to bail out public funds facing taxpayers benefiting from weak legal guarantees, and a deep mistrust of the latter in the good management of the tax-paid, which requires measures extra-fis which requires criminal measures to ensure the effectiveness and the efficiency of public resources, thus taxThey boil down to a propensity of public financial administration, with significant powers, to replenish public funds facing taxpayers who receive only weak legal safeguards and a deep distrust of the latter on the good management of the tax paid, which requires extra tax measures to guarantee the effectiveness and efficiency of public resources, thus tax
Dort, Aurélie. „Fiscalité et sécurité sociale : étude de la fiscalisation des ressources de la sécurité sociale“. Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM1070.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe taxation of social security resources is a switch between social contributions and taxes in social security resources, and also a general mechanism leading to the globalization of the public finance law, the standardization of obligatory contributions and social models. Social finances become integral parts of public finances due to taxation system. The thesis proposes a redefinition of taxation that is the link between tax system and social security. The repercussions of this mechanism are both structural and parliamentarians
Amari, Cherif Amina. „Gestion des compétences dans les organisations publiques en Tunisie : cas d'experimentation“. Lyon 3, 2008. https://scd-resnum.univ-lyon3.fr/out/theses/2008_out_amari-cherif_a.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAs a result of the evolution of the external envirnment which has been affected by a liberal ideology, Tunisian public organizations have been seeking for an efficient management model able to improve public notoriety. This quest for efficiency has incited us to study ways of developing competences among employees in public organizations. The research attempts to define the major factors that are likely to affect competence management. It is hypothesized that both the cultural context and the Human Resource Management strategies may influence the success of the implementation of a competence-based management approach within public organizations. First, the study focuses on the ambiguity of competence management, showing that the former practice is far from being homogeneous or neutral. We, then, present a qualitative longitudinal case study of a big Tunisian organization. The part of the research has enabled us to examine those difficulties faced in implementing restructuration projects in the Tunisian public sector. The second part of the study describes the most important results of the dysfunctional analysis that has been carried out within the observed organization. We demonstrated that the Human Resource Management system- a traditionally based approach- does not encourage the management of competences among workers. Suggesting a new management tool has, thus, proved to be necessary. Finally, the study attempts to shed lights on those cultural caracterstics of Tunisian public organizations and which may hinder the implementation of competence-management practices
Weber, Gérard. „Un dispositif d'évaluation assistée par ordinateur pour l'encadrement dans la fonction publique d'Etat : une approche dynamique pour le management des ressources humaines“. Thesis, Tours, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011TOUR1001/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe modernization of the public sector requires an HRM accompaniment, for the evaluation competencies of the supervisory staff. This approach relies on the necessity of having an adapted management tool, requiring NICT, and allowing the aggregation of qualitative data. To achieve our objectives, we used an innovative, internal, interference engine based on artificial intelligence, namely the “fuzzy logic”. It would seem, at the conclusion of the realization of our Computer-Aided Evaluation tool, that it must possess particular qualities allowing it to carry out the most objective and fairest evaluation as possible. Its use in real conditions indicates that it must, to be accepted and an appropriation, at once by the managers and the estimated staffs, be credible and effective. The realized tests allow us to assert that the essential perception of its role, its utility, and its facility of use, are a necessity which will be the corollary of ensuring its continual existence
Zaitouni, Michel. „Les compétences des cadres supérieurs comme dispositifs de développement et de modernisation de la gestion des ressources humaines de l'administration publique libanaise“. Poitiers, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005POIT4005.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleOuld, Ahmed Mahmoud Ould Ragel Ahmed. „Problèmes de gestion de l'eau en Mauritanie“. Nice, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000NICE5447.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBecuwe, Audrey. „L' institutionnalisation de la gestion des compétences dans les communes françaises“. Lyon 3, 2006. https://scd-resnum.univ-lyon3.fr/in/theses/2006_in_becuwe_a.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn the realm on neo-institutional theory, diffusion refers to the spread of institutional principles or practices with little modification through a population of actors (Strang and Meyer, 1993). Early institutional scholars have argued that diffusion based on institutional pressures leads to isomorphic or homogenous outcomes in populations of organizations (Mimichi and Fein, 1999; Scott 2001 for a review). DiMaggio and Powell (1983) have argued that three logics intervene in diffusion : actors adopt because they believe that it is the appropriate or legitimate way to operate; actors adopt because they face much uncertainty, do not know what to do, then imitate what those around thern; and actors adopt because they believe it is in their material interests to do so in order to garner resources from their environment. Competence Management, i. E. Literally the management of competences, can be considered as a new practice, a new rule, andor a new management technology in the field of Hurnan Resource Management, depending on one's theoretical preferences (Scott, 2001 : chapter 4: 71 and following). It has been viewed as a route to better management, and is but one component of the so-called New Public Management (NPM). Starting in the mid-1980s, a reforrn movement to change publiosector management practices, now known as New Public Management (NPM), took roots in many OECD countries (Hood, 1990, 1995). NPM emphasizes economy, eficiency and effectiveness of public services. The focus shifis from policy making to management, especially to generic management skills, and from process accountability to accountability based on results (Osborne and Gaebler, 1992). Public organizations would become more effective if their organizational and managerial processes were inspired by private organizations. Therefore, what public organizations actually imitate are rationalized myths, i. E. Stories constructed by actors of exemplary organizations. Public Management is essentially dialectic, and competing values and paradox affect organizations. We study examines the influence of institutional pressures on Human Resource Practices in public organizations. We develop and test institutional mechanisms that support non-isomorphic change, i. E. Increased institutional variety in HR practices. Specifically, we examine several determinants of variety increase in the competence management of French Large Municipalities : the managerial values of chief human resource executives (CHRE) or chief administrators (Le. Competence management perception), and institutional factors. To account for heterogeneity, we use one dependent variable that measures the degree of adoption (i. E. Intensity) of Competence Management by Municipalities. Empirical results support the view of institutionalization as variety increase
Salmon, Jean-Hugues. „La prise en charge de l'arthrose des membres inférieurs ; aspect de santé publique“. Thesis, Reims, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019REIMM201.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleOsteoarthritis is the most common joint disease that can be responsible for a loss of autonomy and a major functional disability. With the aging of the population and the prevalence of obesity, the number of people with lower limb osteoarthritis will increase in the coming years and lead to an explosion of health spending. The "Knee and Hip OsteoArthritis Long-term Assessment" cohort (KHOALA) is a representative French multicenter cohort of patients with symptomatic hip and / or knee osteoarthritis.The aims of this thesis were to provide an overview of the economic consequences of hip and knee osteoarthritis worldwide. Then from the KHOALA cohort, we described health care resources use in the KHOALA cohort, we identified factors associated with trajectories of healthcare use and we estimated the annual total costs. Finally, we conducted a systematic review of the literature on the cost effectiveness of intra-articular hyaluronic acid and disease-modifying osteoarthritis drugs used in the treatment of knee OA.The systematic review showed a heterogeneity of the total costs per patient (from 0.7 to 12 k € / year). KHOALA data showed that primary care physicians have a central role in osteoarthritis care, mental health state was the only independent predictive factor of healthcare professional consultations. The mean annual total cost per patient over 5 years was 2180 ± 5,305 €. In France, median annual total costs would be approximately 2 billion €/year (IQR 0.7-4.3)
Diallo, Ali Moussa Kern Francis. „Contribution de l'éducation à la croissance économique une analyse de l'allocation des ressources publiques dans le système éducatif du Mali /“. Strasbourg : Université Louis Pasteur, 2008. http://eprints-scd-ulp.u-strasbg.fr:8080/861/01/DIALLO_Ali_Moussa_2007.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGrossmann, Émilie. „Le rôle des collectivités territoriales dans la production d'électricité d'origine renouvelable : le cas de l'éolien terrestre“. Thesis, Amiens, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AMIE0019.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe Thesis subject focuses on french local authorities' part in the development of renewable energy. More specifically, the Thesis consider the involvement issues of local authorities in the development of wind energy sector in France. Three dimensions are studied: the institutional dimension - particularly the study of local authorities' competences and their groupings - the contractual dimension and the various possible legal arrangements, and finally the financial dimension with the local authorities' possibility to participate in the financing of wind farm projects
Baco, Mohamed Nasser. „Gestion locale de la diversité cultivée au Nord Bénin : éléments pour une politique publique de conservation de l'agrobiodiversité de l'igname (Dioscorea spp.)“. Orléans, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007ORLE1091.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleYam (Dioscorea spp. ) has proven to play an essential role in food security within rural families of North Benin. Yam currently undergoes socio-cultural and economic changing environment. We analyzed the dynamic of yam varietal diversity in order to highlight whether or not different practises are affected by sociocultural diversity and how it favours agrobiodiversity. The study was undertaken in North of Benin targetting autochthon and migrant ethnic groups. We adopted socio-anthropological, economic and geographical approaches, coupled with interviews and census. The ethnic groups that adopted yam cultivation since unmemorable time still hold the most diverse collections of yam varieties. The involvement of some villages that act in same networks. This study highlighted the need to combine social determinants and geographical patterns in the conservation of agricultural diversity in Benin. Social and Geographical concerns indicate the need for taking into account regional and local scales in enhancing processes and interactions which support yams diversity. This study allowed to test the use of highlighted how local ecotypes are taken into account in the production systems and the agricultural policies of biodiversity conservation. This thesis led to a proposal of in situ conservation program which priorities the creation of an effective seed system and the implication of new actors through a more participatory approach. With the aim of answering the juridico-institutional directives which rise from Convention on the Biological Diversity, a south America models could be continued and adapted to Benin context