Dissertationen zum Thema „Résonance plasmonique de surface localisée“
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Goffard, Julie. „Etude du couplage entre des nanocristaux de silicium et des plasmons de surface localisés“. Thesis, Troyes, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014TROY0012/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe discovery of photoluminescence of nanometric silicon paves the way to use silicon in optoelectronic devices. However this photoluminescence remains low and a lot of works aim at improving silicon optical properties. In this dissertation we study localized surface plasmons to improve optical properties of silicon nanocrystals. Thanks to the control of all geometrical parameters of silicon nanocrystals and metallic nanoparticles during the fabrication process, the coupling process between these two objects has been studied. The modification of silicon nanocrystals emission as a function of the distance, the size and the nature of metallic nanoparticles has been investigated. Thanks to the development of experimental optical characterization techniques we showed that silicon nanocrystals photoluminescence is modified both spectrally and spatially by localized surface plasmons. This work shows that it’s possible to enhance silicon’s optical properties and thus to devise optoelectronic devices with silicon and plasmons
Pellas, Vincent. „Synthèse et fonctionnalisation de nanobâtonnets d’or enrobés de silice AuNR@SiO2 pour des applications aux biointerfaces“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2021. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2021SORUS057.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGold nanorods are plasmonic nanoparticles with interesting optical properties. In particular, the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR), sensitive to the local environment of the particles, allows their use as transducers of molecular interaction phenomena. This property makes those nanostructures of interest for the design of LSPR biosensors. In this thesis, we propose to improve the overall efficiency of these biosensors by coating these nanoparticles with a thin silica shell. The synthesis conditions allowing the coating of gold nanorods by a homogeneous silica shell of controlled thickness and porosity have been re-examined and stable suspensions have been obtained while preserving the optical properties of the gold core. Different surface chemistries were studied for the immobilization of IgG bioreceptors and the formed nanoprobes allowed the detection in solution of a model target : a rabbit IgG, with a detection limit in the pM range. The possibility of using these core-shell nanostructures as doping agents for the in vitro detection of cellular biomarkers by infrared microscopy is then considered. Preliminary results regarding the characterization and functionalization of these particles by IgG bioreceptors and an infrared molecular probe are presented
Mazzucco, Stefano. „Mapping localized surface plasmons at the nanometer scale in complex-shaped sub-wavelength metallic nanoparticles“. Paris 11, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA112367.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis presents the outcome of the study of Localised Surface Plasmons (LSPs) on silver and gold nanoparticles with Electron Energy-Loss Spectroscpy (EELS) and of the development of a cathodoluminescence (CL) detector integrated with a scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM). STEM-EELS can extend the knowledge of LSPs by overcoming the limitations of optical techniques. We showed how the shape, material and size of a nanoparticle affect dramatically the behaviour of LSPs by determining the energy and number of LSP resonances as well as whether they interact with one another or not. We also demonstrated that a STEM-CL detector can be sucessfully used to combine high spatial resolution with high energy resolution for the study of nanoparticles
Rodríguez, Martínez Yerila. „Plasmonic Cu nanoparticles inclusion in ZnO and Cu2O matrices for enhanced photoconversion of all-oxide optoelectronics“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023LORR0208.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn this work we present the results on in-situ growth of plasmonic copper (Cu) nanoparticles (NPs) into a p-Cu2O matrix by using reactive magnetron sputtering of a Cu target and adjusting the oxygen flowrate. It was possible to observe, for oxygen-poor conditions, the formation of CuNPs-Cu2O composites presenting the signature of the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) phenomenon. Devices based on the studied nanocomposites interfaced with zinc oxide (ZnO) were characterized by J-V and spectral photocurrent measurements, showing a photocurrent density increase under optical illumination as a result of the plasmonic particles incorporation and consequent hot carriers injection. In the second part of the manuscript, the results about the rapid thermal annealing (RTA) of the CuNPs-Cu2O composites under oxygen-poor conditions and their properties evolution when temperature increases are presented. At temperature higher than 150 ºC it was possible to see a copper segregation towards the surface, increase in the crystal preferential orientation of Cu2O and improvement of the LSPR signal. Electrical response of devices constituted by the composite layers interfaced with ZnO and annealed at 200 ºC showed a further increase in the photocurrent resulting from the LSPR of Cu NPs at the devices surface. Finally, the synthesis of Cu nanoparticles through a gas aggregation source (GAS) and the subsequent fabrication of ZnO-CuNPs multilayer structure with plasmonic response were studied. The resulted composite revealed LSPR response and the presence of Cu particles acting as nucleation points for highly oriented ZnO conical grains
Chamtouri, Maha. „Etude exhaustive de la sensibilité des Biopuces plasmoniques structurées intégrant un réseau rectangulaire 1D : effet de la transition des plasmons localisés vers les plasmons propagatifs“. Thesis, Paris 11, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA112060/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSurface plasmons resonance imaging with continuous thin metallic films have become a central tool for the study of biomolecular interactions. However, in order to extend the field of applications of surface plasmons resonance systems to the trace detection of biomolecules having low molecular weight, a change in the plasmonic sensing methodology is needed. In this study, we investigate theoretically and experimentally the sensing potential of 2D nano- and micro- ribbon grating structuration on the surface of Kretschmann-based surface plasmon resonance biosensors when they are used for detection of biomolecular binding events. Numerical simulations were carried out by employing a fast and novel model based on the hybridization of two classical methods, the Fourier Modal Method and the Finite Element Method. Our calculations confirm the importance of light manipulation by means of structuration of the plasmonic thin film surfaces on the nano- and micro- scales. Not only does it highlight the geometric parameters that allow the sensitivity enhancement, and associated figures of merit, compared with the response of the conventional surface plasmon resonance biosensor based on a flat surface, but it also describes the transition from the regime where the propagating surface plasmon mode dominates to the regime where the localized surface plasmon mode dominates. An exhaustive mapping of the biosensing potential of the nano- and micro- structured biosensors surface is presented, varying the structural parameters related to the ribbon grating dimensions. New figures of merit are introduced to evaluate the performance of the structured biosensors. The structuration also leads to the creation of regions on biosensor chips that are characterized by strongly enhanced electromagnetic fields. New opportunities for further improving the bio-sensitivity are offered if localization of biomolecules can be carried out in these regions of high electromagnetic fields enhancement and confined
Al-Aridhee, Tahseen. „Numerical study of optical properties of single and periodic nanostructures : from nanoantennas to enhanced transmission metamaterials“. Thesis, Besançon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BESA2004/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe release of the rst report by Faraday in 1857 set the foundation of the production of metal nanoparticlesand their unexpected optical properties (coloring). More recently, controlling and guiding light via plasmonicresonance in nanostructures enable a lot of applications affecting everyday life that involves light. Plasmonresonance of metallic structures is a key phenomenon that allows unique optical properties through the interactionof light with the free electrons of the metal. The excitation of Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance(LSPR) leads to turn-on large local enhancements of electromagnetic energy as within antennas or to routelight as waveguide to desired region with high transmission through the excitation of Propagating SurfacePlasmon (PSP). During this thesis, we have developed an existing algorithm in order to calculate the opticalresponse of NPs of any shape. We have especially determined the localized energy enhancement factor interm of optical response of nano-antenna. This anisotropic (polarization dependent) NPs type can feature, atplasmon resonance, scattering efciency factor higher than 25. Moreover, an important systematic study hasbeen performed in order to optimize design of such NPs.Concerning the PSP that are involved in the enhanced transmission through Annular Aperture Arrays (AAAs),we systematically study the properties of the excitation of the peculiar Transverse ElectroMagnetic (TEM) guidedmode inside such nano-apertures. A complete numerical study is performed to correctly design the structurebefore it is experimentally characterized. For reasons associated to fabrication constraints and efciency,a slanted AAA made in perfectly conducting metal is proposed and studied. We numerically and analyticallydemonstrate some intrinsic properties of the structure showing a transmission coefcient of at least 50%ofan un-polarized incident beam independently of the illumination configuration (polarization, angle, and planeof incidence). At the TEM peak transmission, the laminar flow of the energy through the structure can exhibitgiant deviation over very small distances ( ). The results presented in this thesis could be considered as animportant contribution to the understanding of the enhanced transmission phenomenon based on the excitationof guided modes
Kholodtsova, Maria. „Spectral, spatial and temporal properties of multilayered epithelial tissue in vivo in presence of metal nanoparticles in multimodal spectroscopy“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LORR0031.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe thesis work is devoted to spatially-, temporally- and spectrally- resolved laser and biological tissue interactions. The aim of the present thesis was to investigate the influence of colloidal nanoparticles embedded into multilayered biological tissues on their optical properties in order to provide deeper and/or more precise probing. To do so, the integral spectroscopic parameters and lifetime of fluorophore in vicinity of metal nanoparticles were analyzed theoretically and experimentally. Another part of the study was to propose new algorithmic solutions for improving the performance of the estimation process of the optical properties values from spatially resolved spectroscopic measurements. The last part of the thesis was the experimental and theoretical modelling of fluorophore’s kinetics in presence of colloidal gold nanoparticles. The ultra-short pico-second component (around 100 ps) was resolved and correlated to strong nanoparticles dipole field which is compensating the molecule’s dipole
Watkins, William L. „Study and development of localised surface plasmon resonance based sensors using anisotropic spectroscopy“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2018. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2018SORUS505.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLocalised surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) is defined as the collective oscillation of the conduction electron cloud induced by an external electric field. In the case of nanoparticles composed of noble metals such as gold, silver, or copper, the resonance is located in the visible or near UV range. The polarisability of a nanoparticle is directly proportional to four key parameters: its volume, its composition, its shape and its surrounding environment. It is these properties that make LSPR useful for sensor applications. In the case of isotropic particles, such as spheres, the LSPR spectrum shows only one absorption peak. In the case of an anisotropic particle, such as an ellipsoid, the absorption spectrum has two or more distinct peaks. If the absorption cross-section is measured with unpolarised light, multiple maxima are obtained. The key point for these type of systems is the possibility to decouple the resonances using polarised light. In this description the anisotropic system is considered microscopic, i.e. it is only made of one or two particles. In the case of a macroscopic sample, such as a colloidal solution of ellipsoids or nanorods, the absorption spectrum will always have multiple absorption maxima, and they cannot be decoupled because the sample is not globally anisotropic.On the other hand, if the sample has a global anisotropy such as aligned nanorods, or nanosphere organised in lines, it is possible to have a plasmon spectrum dependent on the light polarisation. Being able to decouple the resonances of an anisotropic sample makes it possible to measure a differential spectrum by taking the difference of the two absorption spectra. This is experimentally possible by using anisotropic transmission spectroscopy which measures the optical anisotropy. The advantage is to obtain a relative and differential spectrum more stable and reproducible. Moreover, it is now possible to follow the evolution of the optical response of the plasmonic particles no longer by measuring a spectral shift but by measuring the change in intensity of the signal at a fixed wavelength. This method is used on two case studies which are the measurement of the interaction of dihydrogen with gold nanoparticles, as well as the detection of low partial pressure of dihydrogen in a carrier gas (argon, and air) using palladium nanoparticles, for hydrogen sensing applications
Kholodtsova, Maria. „Spectral, spatial and temporal properties of multilayered epithelial tissue in vivo in presence of metal nanoparticles in multimodal spectroscopy“. Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LORR0031/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe thesis work is devoted to spatially-, temporally- and spectrally- resolved laser and biological tissue interactions. The aim of the present thesis was to investigate the influence of colloidal nanoparticles embedded into multilayered biological tissues on their optical properties in order to provide deeper and/or more precise probing. To do so, the integral spectroscopic parameters and lifetime of fluorophore in vicinity of metal nanoparticles were analyzed theoretically and experimentally. Another part of the study was to propose new algorithmic solutions for improving the performance of the estimation process of the optical properties values from spatially resolved spectroscopic measurements. The last part of the thesis was the experimental and theoretical modelling of fluorophore’s kinetics in presence of colloidal gold nanoparticles. The ultra-short pico-second component (around 100 ps) was resolved and correlated to strong nanoparticles dipole field which is compensating the molecule’s dipole
Melo, Sánchez Claudia de. „Croissance sélective de Cu2O et Cu métallique par dépôt par couche atomique sur ZnO et leur application en optoélectronique“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LORR0040.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn this work we present the results on the selective growth of Cu2O and metallic Cu by atomic layer deposition (ALD) on ZnO, Al-doped ZnO (AZO) and α-Al2O3 substrates. It was possible to tune the deposited material (Cu or Cu2O) by controlling the deposition temperature, and the substrate conductivity/density of donor defects. An area-selective atomic layer deposition (AS-ALD) process was demonstrated on a patterned bi-layer structure composed of low-conductive ZnO, and highly-conductive AZO regions. Furthermore, the AS-ALD allows the fabrication of Cu2O/ZnO/AZO/Cu-back-electrode nanojunctions, as confirmed by conductive atomic force microscopy (C-AFM). The mechanism behind the temperature and spatial selectivities is discussed. In a second part of this thesis, Cu nanoparticles (NP) were deposited by ALD on ZnO thin films. The Cu NP exhibit a localized surface plasmon resonance, tunable from the visible to the near-infrared regions, as confirmed by spectroscopic ellipsometry. An enhanced visible photo-response was observed in the Cu NP/ZnO device thanks to the hot-electron generation at the surface of the plasmonic Cu NP and transfer into the conduction band of ZnO. Finally, semi-transparent Cu2O/ZnO heterojunctions were fabricated by ALD and reactive magnetron sputtering. The heterojunctions present a stable self-powered photo-response under 1 Sun illumination, fast response times and high transparency in the visible region, which is promising for all-oxide transparent electronics, photodetection and photovoltaics
Vandenhecke, Ellick. „Nanostructuration de surfaces diélectriques par pulvérisation ionique pour guider la croissance de nanoparticules métalliques“. Thesis, Poitiers, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014POIT2272/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleOn the one hand, the aim of this work is to understand and control the formation of periodic nanometric ripples produced by ion sputtering of dielectric thin films. On the other hand, these nanostructured surfaces are used to guide the growth and organization of silver nanoparticles. These anisotropic systems are characterized by a surface plasmon resonance whose spectral postion is dependent on the polarization of the incident light. We first study the influence of different ion beam sputtering parameters (the ions incidence angle and energy, temperature, energy, flux, fluence) on the ripple morphology (period, amplitude, order, ...) by AFM and GISAXS. The relevant parameters for the control of the ripple morphology are identified as well as some of the physical mechanisms involved. Then, we study the influence of the growth conditions on the structural properties of the nanoparticles (metal deposition angle, ripples pattern quality) by HAADF-STEM. We show that the preferential growth along the ripples is promoted by shadowing effects, thus leading to the formation of linear chains with period similar to the underlying ripples and with more or less elongated and aligned nanoparticles. This results in a far-field tunable optical anisotropy arising from polydisperse interparticle gaps (less than a few nanometers) as well as from more or less strong near-field coupling phenomena. These structures could offer potential for surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) applications
Fevrier, Mickaël. „Couplage entre un guide d’onde diélectrique et un guide à plasmon de surface localisé : conception, fabrication et caractérisation“. Thesis, Paris 11, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA112040/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis PhD work presents a theoretical, numerical and experimental study of the integration of a gold nanoparticle chain supporting "localized surface plasmon resonances" on a dielectric waveguide. The localized surface plasmon allows a sub-wavelength confinement of light which could lead to the achievement of ultra-compact optical components. However, the high level of optical losses restricts their application to short propagating distances unlike dielectric waveguides. A judicious combination of both types of guides should therefore allow taking profit of their respective advantages. Firstly, we have theoretically studied the properties of nanoparticles chains using an analytical model that we have developed following the coupled dipoles approximation. This has helped us to determine the shape and size of nanoparticles, which have been further used in a FDTD software, to simulate the coupling between the chain and the dielectric waveguide (SOI or Si3N4). Using this numerical study, we have deduced the geometries of structures to be fabricated. The realized structures have been characterized using a spectrally resolved transmission set-up, built during this thesis, and an optical near field measurement set-up (collaboration LNIO Troyes). For the first time, we have experimentally shown the properties of short nanoparticle chains integrated on a SOI waveguide as well as the existence of a coupled waveguide phenomenon between long nanoparticle chains and SOI waveguides. A record value has been obtained for the coupling constant at telecom wavelengths (near infrared). The light energy carried by the TE mode of the SOI waveguide can be completely transferred into the plasmonic waveguide via the first 4 or 5 nanoparticles of the chain, which means a distance of less than 600 nm. We have also studied the properties of Bragg gratings based on localized surface plasmon. Experimental results from spectrally resolved transmission measurements have been compared to theoretical results obtained from an analytical model based on the point dipole approximation in quasi-static regime, on one hand, and using the coupled mode theory, on the other hand. This work opens the way for applications to optical tweezers, sensors or spasers, which will benefit from the integration of metal nanoparticles in photonic circuits
Guillot, Nicolas. „Propriétés optiques de nanoparticules métalliques et application aux nanocapteurs par exaltation de surface“. Phd thesis, Université Paris-Nord - Paris XIII, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00844312.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGuillot, Nicolas. „Propriétés optiques de nanoparticules métalliques et application aux nanocapteurs par exaltation de surface“. Phd thesis, Paris 13, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA132048.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe work presented in this manuscript focuses on the different possibilities leading to the optimization of the signal of localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) basednanosensors and fabricated by some techniques enabling a precise control of the geometry of metallic nanostructures. Nanosensors based on LSPR and surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) have been especially studied. The first part of this manuscript reminds the key parameters leading to the optimization of the signal of such nanosensors, i. E. , the nanostructures material, the size and the shape of the nanostructures, the surrounding medium, the incident electric field polarization, the gap between the nanoparticles and the higher order LSPR. The second part is focused on SERS nanosensors by exposing the optimization principle and possibilities of the signal in the case of arrays of gold nanoparticles. Finally, the last part is devoted to the observation of the shape of the local electromagnetic field around the nanoparticles (amplitude and decay length) by the study of the near-field coupling between gold nanoparticles of different shapes
Rye, Jan-Michael. „Spatial Modulation Spectroscopy Of Single Nano-Objects In A Liquid Environment For Biosensing Applications“. Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE1053/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAdvances in the development of rapid, accurate and highly sensitive methods for detecting target analytes in solution will provide crucial tools for research and applications in medicine and molecular biology. One of the currently most promising approaches is the development of nanosensors based on the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) of noble metal nano-objects (MNOs), which is an optical response that depends on their size, shape, composition and local environment. The ability to measure the modification of the reponse of a single MNO in the presence of a target analyte would allow each object to act as an independent probe with increased sensitivity as the signal would be isolated from the averaging effects of ensemble measurements. Furthermore it would allow the development of micrometric, functionalized multiprobe samples for multitarget label-free assays.In this work, a novel experimental setup based on the spatial modulation spectroscopy (SMS) technique has been developed to measure the optical response of individual nano-objects in a liquid environment. In parallel, a new technique has also been developed to elaborate stable probes for measurements with the new setup, with a focus on gold bipyramids due to numerous qualities that make them excellent candidates for biosensing probes. The setup has been used to measure the response of individual objects in environments of different real refractive indices and the detected changes have been shown to be in good agreement with theoretical calculations. Numerical studies have also been performed to investigate the influence on the optical response of numerous factors encountered in the studied systems
Gharbi, Ines. „Films cristal liquide polymérisés et auto-organisation de nanoparticules d’or“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUS286.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleWe study composite systems liquid crystals / polymers / nanoparticles. We use liquid crystal distortions to control the induced nanoparticle organization and also the polymerization of liquid crystal matrices that ensures the stability of the composites and allows to diversify the imaging and optical characterization techniques. First of all, we are interested in nematic and cholesteric liquid crystal films, with and without polymer, in the absence and in the presence of nanoparticles, the latter being chosen as spherical gold nanoparticles of diameter 6nm. Subsequently, we were interested in the polymerization of the so-called smectic oily streaks. The comparison between the different behaviors of the nanoparticles when isolated in solution or gathered and self-organized on a PVA substrate without liquid crystal (LC) or on a substrate with nematic or cholesteric LC, allowed us to understand how the nanoparticles and the matrix interact to reach the final structure of the composite system, characterized by new optical properties of the nanoparticles. We have established how a nematic matrix allows to preserve an almost perfect hexagonal order for gold nanoparticles deposited on the surface, while bringing them closer to each other (induced compression of the monolayer formed) to decrease disorder and distortion induced in the matrix, which significantly shifts the plasmon resonance of the gold nanoparticles. We have also demonstrated that the nanoparticles induce a change of orientation of the nematic molecules towards a tilted orientation, accompanied by a dewetting phenomenon of the matrix on top of the nanoparticles. The transition from a nematic matrix to a cholesteric matrix preserves the hexagonal order of the compressed monolayer for the nanoparticles but with an enhanced disorder, locally induced by the larger elastic distortion close to the air/interface and more specifically at the bottom of the undulations of the cholesteric matrix, which was evidenced by a simulation of a frustrated cholesteric between the two anchoring, planar on PVA and homeotrope with air. The cholesteric modulation structure acts as a mold so that the nanoparticles reproduce on the mesoscopic scale the cholesteric texture at the interface by forming ribbons that perfectly mimic the cholesteric modulations. We again evidence a phenomenon of dewetting, but smaller than for the nematic, in relation with the localization of the nanoparticles in the cholesteric tilted areas above the region of strong cholesteric splay distortion. Within the same cholesteric matrix, the increase of the concentration of nanoparticles causes a profound change in the optical properties of the nanoparticles. We show that it is related to the establishment of new structures for the nanoparticles, always induced by the modulated structure of cholesteric, which, in return is only slightly modified. As the concentration increases, one passes from a monolayer of highly disordered and compressed two-dimensional labyrinths up to 3D structures (aggregates) of controlled size and shape. The optical properties are modified in relation with a strong strengthening of the electromagnetic interaction between nanoparticles. The nanoparticles occupy the overall surface of the cholesteric modulations, which no longer play the role of mold, but are found to be truncated at the surface by the presence of nanoparticles. The fact that the modulated cholesterics is only poorly modified highlights the robustness of this cholesteric structure, but also the combined influence of the cholesteric elastic distortions and of the nanoparticle-induced anchoring on the nanoparticle organization and in return on the induced optical properties. Moreover, concerning the polymerization of smectic oily streaks, we have succeeded to preserve the smectic A texture in the nematic phase, in relation with the creation of a particularly robust polymer skeleton that mimics the initial smectic texture
Zhang, Lu. „Design of plasmonic nanoparticles and their use for biotoxin immunosensing“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2018. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2018SORUS439.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleStaphylococcal enterotoxin A (SEA) produced by some Staphylococcus aureus strains is a major cause of food poising and especially represents the second cause of foodborne diseases in France. Plasmonic nanoparticles with unique optical properties are widely applied as transducers in biosensing devices owing to the Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance (LSPR) phenomenon. The objective of this work was to develop biosensors based on plasmonic nanoparticles from which SEA detection could be achieved by naked-eye readout. Two strategies were implemented. The first strategy was based on the extremely high extinction coefficient of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). Anti-SEA antibody (Ab)-conjugated AuNPs were used as reporters in a solid-phase, sandwich-type, colorimetric immunosensor. The sensor was successfully applied to the detection of SEA in buffer and spiked milk. As low as 1 ng SEA could be visualized by naked-eye readout. The second strategy relied on both the sensitivity of the LSPR band of plasmonic nanoparticles to small local refractive index change and the ability of humans to visualize color changes in the 500 nm region. For this purpose, core-shell gold silver nanoparticles (Au@AgNPs) with LSPR band at 500 nm were successfully synthesized. Attachment of Ab to Au@AgNPs resulted in a red shift of LPSR band and a visual color change of colloidal solution from orange to red. Yet, the red shift of LSPR band was very important and no visible change of color was observed by naked-eye upon subsequent addition of SEA
Chamorro, Coral William. „Microstructure, chemistry and optical properties in ZnO and ZnO-Au nanocomposite thin films grown by DC-reactive magnetron co-sputtering“. Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LORR0253/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleComposite materials can exhibit properties that none of the individual components show. Moreover, composites at the nanoscale can present new properties compared to the bulk state or to macro-composites due to confinement and quantum size effects. The semiconductor/metal nanocomposites are highly interesting due to their unique catalytic and optoelectronic properties and the possibility to tune them easily. This PhD work gives insight into the specific interactions and resulting physical properties occurring in ZnO and ZnO-Au nanocomposite films grown by reactive DC magnetron sputtering. The results can be summarized in two points: First, it was possible to tune the microstructural and optical properties of ZnO. Epitaxial growth of ZnO onto sapphire was achieved for the first time in O2-rich conditions without thermal assistance. Also, a study of the optical properties highlights the close relationship between the bandgap energy (E_g ) and the defect chemistry in ZnO films. A model was proposed to explain the large scatter of the E_g values reported in the literature. Second, the deep influence of the incorporation of gold into the ZnO matrix on important material properties was revealed. Moreover, the presence of donor (acceptor) defects in the matrix is found to give rise to the reduction (oxidation) of the Au nanoparticles. This research work contributes to a better understanding of semiconductor/metal nanocomposites revealing the key role of the state of the semiconductor matrix
Yazidi, Senda. „Structure et propriétés optiques de nanoparticules couplées : application à la spectroscopie Raman exaltée de surface“. Thesis, Poitiers, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018POIT2279/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe aim of this work is to use nanostructured alumina surfaces to guide the growth and to optimize the organization of metallic particles (Ag, Au and AgxAu1-x), and to test those systems as reusable SERS-active substrates. We used spectrophotometry to characterize the resulting optical properties, spectroscopic ellipsometry for the determination of the optical index and transmission electron microscopy for the structural characterizations. Surfaced-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) was used for the detection of adsorbed bipyridine molecules on the sample surface, in collaboration with the Institut des Matériaux Jean Rouxel at Nantes. We first study systems consisting of monometallic and bimetallic nanoparticles in order to understand the growth modes of such particle assemblies. A particular attention is paid to the influence of the sequential deposition of Au and Ag on the structural and optical properties. We show that different arrangements of bimetallic nanoparticles are obtained according to the deposition sequence used and that an alloy is obtained after ex situ annealing under vacuum. The near-field and far-field optical properties of AgxAu1-x nanoparticle alloys embedded in an alumina matrix are compared numerically by the finite difference time domain method, with those of pure metal nanoparticles. Our results indicate that pure metal nanoparticles exhibit a greater field enhancement than alloy nanoparticles. Finally, SERS experiments conducted with a dichroic system made of coupled Ag nanoparticles show that an intense SERS signal can be obtained with coated nanoparticles
Juvé, Vincent. „Spectroscopie linéaire et ultra-rapide de nanoparticules métalliques : de l’ensemble au nano-objet individuel“. Thesis, Lyon 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LYO10163/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe size reduction of metals, from bulk to nanoparticles, induces significant modifications of their properties. For instance, the optical properties evolve and a new resonance, the localized surface plasmon resonance, appears in the optical spectrum and is responsible for the change of colors of metallic nanoparticles. This work is focused on studies of metals’ properties at the nanometric scale. In the first part, the vibrational and thermal properties are studied with a femtosecond spectroscopy technique. It is shown that it is possible to excite and detect optically vibrational frequencies in the terahertz domain by studying platinum nanoparticles formed by less than 100 atoms. The study of the thermal properties of the metallic nanoparticles (gold and silver) has shown that the boundary effect increases. This thermal boundary resistance, known as the Kapitza resistance, plays a dominant role in the heat transfer at the nanometric scale. A correlation between the experimental values of the thermal boundary resistance and the acoustic impedances of the boundary’s materials has been found. We have also shown that the Kapitza resistance is a decreasing function of the temperature in the 70-300K range. In the second part, the effect of the size reduction on the optical properties of non-spherical nanoparticles is observed. The Spatial Modulation Spectroscopy technique is used in order to locate and study individual gold nanorods. It is shown that the two geometrical parameters (the length and the diameter) of the nanorods influence the spectral linewidth of the localized surface plasmon resonance. This effect is not predicted by existing classical or quantum models
Roland, Thibault. „Microscopie par Plasmons de Surface Localisés : un outil d'imagerie optique non intrusif pouvant couvrir les échelles du nanomètre au micromètre en biologie“. Phd thesis, Ecole normale supérieure de lyon - ENS LYON, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00441957.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleKaya, Zeynep. „Controlled and localized synthesis of molecularly imprinted polymers for chemical sensors“. Thesis, Compiègne, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015COMP2220.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMolecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs), also referred to as plastic antibodies, are synthetic biomimetic receptors that are able to bind target molecules with similar affinity and specificity as natural receptors such as enzymes or antibodies. Indeed, MIPs are used as synthetic recognition elements in biosensors and biochips for the detection of small analytes and proteins. The molecular imprinting technique is based on the formation of specific recognition cavities in polymer matrices by a templating process at the molecular level. For sensor and biochip development, fast binding kinetics of the MIP for a rapid sensor response, the integration of the polymers with transducers, and a high sensitivity of detection are among the main challenges. In this thesis, the above issues are addressed by developing MIP/gold nanocomposites by grafting MIPs on surfaces, using dedicated techniques like atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) which is a versatile controlled radical polymerization (CRP) technique. Theses ophisticated CRP techniques, are able to greatly improve the polymeric materials. The use of ATRP in the MIP field has been limited so far due to its inherent incompatibility with acidic monomers like methacrylic acid (MAA), which is by far the most widely used functional monomer. Herein, a new method is described for the MIP synthesis through photo-initiated ATRP using fac-[Ir(ppy)3] as ATRP catalyst. The synthesis is possible at room temperature and is compatible with acidic monomers. This study considerably widens the range of functional monomers and thus molecular templates that can be used when MIPs are synthesized by ATRP. The proposed method was used for fabrication of hierarchically organised nanocomposites based on MIPs and nanostructured metal surfaces containing nanoholes or nanoislands, exhibiting plasmonic effects for signal amplification. The fabrication of nanometer scale MIP coatings localized on gold surface was demonstrated. Optical transduction methods, namely Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance (LSPR) and Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) were exploited and shown that they hold great promise for enhancing the limit of detection in sensing of biologically relevant analytes including proteins and the drug propranolol
Dorier, Vincent. „Quantum theory of light in linear media : applications to quantum optics and quantum plasmonics“. Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UBFCK006.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleWe develop a method of quantization of the electromagnetic field interacting with passive media on one hand, and active (plasmonic) media on the other hand. This method relies on the construction of a Hamiltonian structure compatible with the Maxwell equations, and then on a principle of correspondence and the definition of a Fock space of quantum states. We use the results of the quantum theory to study the propagation of photons in dielectric environments and the emission of single plasmons
Loison, Olivier. „Imagerie plasmonique multimodale en vue d'applications biomédicales“. Paris 7, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA077102.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSurface plasmons are collective oscillation modes of the conductive electrons at the interface between a metal and a dielectric. Plasmonic is a field of optics based on the properties of containment and exaltation of the electromagnetic field given by this mode. Plasmonics is particulary used in biosensors to quantify and to follow interaction dynamic between biomolecules. The specificity of these sensors named Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) is their unstrained characteristic. SPR sensitivity relies on the strong dependence of the resonance conditions to the refractive index of the studied dielectric. In particular, the refractive index depends on the biomolecules concentration at the sensor surface. Here, we suggest to use an original device in transmission (tSPR) preserving the strong sensitivity characteristic of standard SPR. We show that this configuration allows a high parallelization density of measurement. Multiplexing given by tSPR is around one order of magnitude more than the one of classical SPR. Propagative surface plasmon (PSP) is associated with an evanescent field. The high intensity of the field and its strong axial confinement have been recently been used in Surface Plasmon mediated Fluorescence (SPF) imaging. Moreover, the presence of a metallic interface in the vicinity of a fluorescent dye induces new relaxation processes, especially via the surface Plasmon, producing a sharp decrease of the fluorescence lifetime. Lifetime information can be extract with a fluorescence lifetime imaging microscope (FLIM). We show that FLIM imaging coupled with surface Plasmon provides nanometric accuracy of the dye-metal distance. We show that such a device is adapted to plasmic membrane tomography with an axial resolution about 15 nm
Pillet, Flavien. „Développement d'un outil d'analyse d'interactions moléculaires basé sur la résonance plasmonique de surface (SPRi)“. Thesis, Toulouse, INSA, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010ISAT0029/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDuring the last decades a large number of technologies have been developed to analyze intermolecular interactions. In this context, the fluorescence biochips remain the most frequently used. Although this technology is very sensitive and multiplexed, it does not allow access to the kinetic parameters, essential to the calculation of the constants of affinity. Therefore, the research for alternative systems is essential. In this way, the Surface Plasmon Resonance imaging (SPRi) is considered as an opportunity. It is an optical detection process that can occur when a polarized light hits a prism covered by a thin metal layer. Under certain conditions free electrons at the surface of the biochip absorb incident light photons and convert them into surface plasmon waves. Perturbations at the surface of the biochip, such as an interaction between probes immobilized on the chip and targets, induce a modification of resonance conditions which can be measured. It is a label free technology which allows intermolecular interactions in real time and gives access to the kinetics parameters. However, SPRi is limited in sensitivity and multiplexing. The objectives of my PhD were to circumvent these various limits. Thus, we validated the immobilization of DNA probes on gold surface using thiol-modified oligonucleotide probes. Deposition carried out on non-modified gold surface, does not require electrical stimulation and expensive specific robotic devices. The thiol modification of the probes was shown to be very stable at room temperature, contrary to pyrrole and diazonium probes that need to be prepared just prior to their spotting. We demonstrate that thiol-modified oligonucleotide probes spotted on a gold surface of the SPRi-prisms are very robust and reproducible. We also demonstrated that this simple chemistry is compatible with high density arrays fabrication bearing more than 1000 spots using a classical spotter. Furthermore, the modification of the prism surface with gold colloids and dendrimers allowed for DNA/DNA interactions, to reach a detection limit of 2 nM. In parallel of this work, various biological applications were carried out and validate our previous developments. A first study was to screen G-quadruplex specific ligands to inhibit telomerase activity. We demonstrated that SPRi technology is particularly well adapted to the screening of interaction of small molecules with DNA probes and is sensitive enough to permit distinction between interactions with different DNA structures. The second study was on the bacterial partition complex. We study the DNA binding requirement involved in SopB-sopC specific interactions and analysed at the nucleotide level the bases involved in the binding efficiency and essential for the partition All this PhD work improved the SPRi technology and demonstrated its great potential in biological applications
Fuchs, Julia. „Étude physico-chimique des puces à ADN : stabilité du duplex d'ADN, détection des mutations ponctuelles et au-delà“. Grenoble 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009GRE10240.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis Ph. D. Thesis studies phenomena concerning DNA duplex stability. Exploiting a real-time detection system based on Surface Plasmon Resonance imaging (SPRi), we use a temperature scan method to analyze DNA interactions on functionalized biochips. First, a detailed study about a comparison of two DNA immobilization methods and the influence of different buffer components on surface hybridized DNA duplexes is presented. Especially the influence of salt and denaturing agents in the buffer are discussed. Second, we apply the temperature scan method to point mutation detection, as well for oligonucleotides as for longer DNA or RNA targets produced by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) or Nucleic Acid Sequence Based Amplication (NASBA) amplification protocols, respectively. Competition between targets containing point mutations and surface hybridization is addressed. Also, secondary structures in solution may alter target capture on probes. For the isothermal NASBA amplification, we show that it is possible to make an integrated system with amplification and detection on the SPRi chip. Finally, a study of DNA lesions and repair enzymes is presented in collaboration with the 'Laboratory of Nucleic Acids Lesions' (LAN) at the CEA Grenoble profiting once again from the flexible temperature regulation to characterize enzyme activity on surface grafted DNA
Beilvert, Anne. „Synthèse, caractérisation et évaluation in vitro et in vivo d'agents de contraste pour l'imagerie moléculaire du coeur lipidique de la plaque d'athérosclérose“. Paris 13, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA132004.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleImaging and quantifying the lipid core is a key to evaluate the risk of rupture of the atherosclerotic plaque. My goal is to develop MR contrast agent that will target the lipid core inside the atherosclerotic plaque. Our hypothesis is to mimic apolipoprotein A1 and mimetic D-4F behavior with lipids. D-4F is a soluble alpha helix peptide that binds to lipids via a cluster of aromatic amino acids. We believe that using a single aromatic amino acid or a combination of aromatic amino acids on a MR platform will efficiently target the lipid core. First, we developed a micellar platform functionalized with tyrosin-O-methylester. This compound was successfully tested in an ApoE-/- mouse model under western diet that develops atherosclerotic plaque. Then, we generalized this approach with a polysaccharide based MR contrast agent. Tyrosine-O-methylester was coupled to this platform as well as trityrosine and L-4F peptide. These compounds were evaluated first by surface plasmon resonance (SPR) on immobilized lipoproteins and then in the ApoE-/- mouse model. In vivo results indicate an enhancement in the atherosclerotic plaque and in the lipid core that validates our hypothesis
Goulam, Houssen Yannick. „Plasmonique appliquée à l'ingéniérie des processus de fluorescence en biophotonique“. Paris 7, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA077152.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe surface plasmons are collective modes of oscillation of conduction electrons at the interface metal / dielectric. Their properties are particularly interesting for applications in biosensing and bio- photonic imaging. They are associated with intense evanescents EM fields and can be coupled and positively change the emission properties of bio-marker type fluorophores or nanoparticles (NPs) of metal. Markers (fluorescent molecules, quantum dots, NPs) widely imposed in biological imaging, medicine or for the diagnosis, have some disadvantages (photodestruction, low intensity, blinking, size). These can be mitigated by changing the environment of these molecules. In this thesis we have studied particular aspects 2. First, a new type of fluorescence imaging alternative to TIRFM (Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence Microscopy) based on the use of a thin metal film. We studied in detail through simulations and experiments, the interaction between a thin metal film and a fluorophore. We have shown that amplification of the signal was collected and an expected reduction of photodestruction. These results have been applied to imaging membranes phenomena on HEK cells. In a second part, we studied the coupling between nanoparticle's localized plasmon with a thin film and metal. In this case, we obtained an amplification by a factor of 13 signal scattered by these nanoparticles
Guise, Julien. „Fabrication d’un modulateur THz à base de méta-surfaces photo-générées“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Montpellier (2022-....), 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023UMONS076.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis will take place between IES in Montpellier and Institute Pascal in Clermont-Ferrand. The doctoral project consists of developing the building blocks of integrated THz modulator based on photo-generated meta-surface. IES and IP collaborate for a few years to develop applications in the mid-infrared and THz range using original concepts such as all-semiconductor plasmonics and photo-generated meta-surface. Recently, they demonstrated the modulation of a THz wave through photo-generated meta-surface in a free-standing slab of un-doped InAs using a 800-nm laser at a weak irradiance of 10 W.cm-2. Nanomir can fabricate lasers with larger irradiance. This modulation of the THz wave is due to the photo-generated free-carriers that transform the InAs slab in epsilon near zero (ENZ) material. The THz wave 50 times smaller than the InAs slab will be reflected and absorbed by the ENZ layer. The thesis project will consist of developing numerical tools at IP to optimise the design including the laser and the un-doped and doped InAs layers. The selected structures will be fabricated at IES in the Nanomir group whereas the photo-modulation process will be characterized in the Photera group
Estruch, Thomas. „Extinction extraordinaire par superposition en champ proche de filtres élémentaires nanostructurés : Mise en évidence, théorie et application au filtrage infrarouge“. Paris 7, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA077158.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDevices structured to the sub-wavelength scale are the subject of light-matter interactions that enable spectrally localized resonances with extraordinary amplitude. Thus, they allow the realization of spectral filters in the infrared range. To improve those filters performances and more particularly regarding the rejection efficiency, I have studied during my PhD the superposition of identical sub-wavelength structures that bring propagative and evanescent modes into play. This way, I have evidenced the presence of an extraordinary extinction of either the transmission or the reflection when the structures are in near-field. The extraordinary extinction's origins is revealed in the manuscript using a phenomenological approach based on the combination of Mason's rule with signal flow graphs that translate interactions between propagative and evanescent modes. This way, I have been able to establish conception rules that pave the way to the design of high performances filtering structures with strong rejection efficiency out of the band pass. To be able to confirm this theoretical study, I have then designed and built a structure encapsulated into dielectric which has allowed to demonstrate the improvement on the rejection efficiency for cascaded structures. At the same time, I tried to investigate the spectral agility of the extraordinary extinction by dynamically superimposing two filtering structures using piezoelectric actuators. True experimental challenge, this optical bench has required the development of an original alignment protocol to be able to assemble the two sub-wavelength gratings in near field
Zhang, Chi. „Etude de l'interface du récepteur de la prolactine par des approches biophysiques, structurales et fonctionnelles“. Paris 6, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA066340.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleFavier-Perron, Béatrice. „L' annexine III : relation structure-fonction“. Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ECAP0481.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleFunes-Hernando, Daniel. „Advanced gold-based nanowires : from hybrid structures to original plasmonic and optical properties“. Thesis, Nantes, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NANT4076/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePlasmonics is an important research topic for nanophotonics based on surface plasmon polaritons (SPP) and localized surface plasmons (LSP). 1D-like metallic and hybrid nanostructures opens the way to exploit altogether the propagative nature of SPP in a guided way, and the strong field enhancement of LSPR. During my thesis work, I designed functional gold-based nanowires with controlled morphological and compositional characteristics for exploring and exploiting their plasmonic properties. A main achievement reports on the plasmon-mediated remote Raman sensing promoted by coaxial nanowires. Remote Raman spectroscopy is based on the separation by many micrometres of the excitation laser spot on one tip of the nanowire, and the Raman detection at the other tip. The very weak efficiency of Raman emission makes it challenging. Coaxial nanowires consisting of a gold core to propagate SPP and a Raman-emitting shell of poly(3,4-ethylene-dioxythiophene) were synthesized for the proof-of-concept. This study also permits to evidence a strong preferential orientation of the polymer chains due to the ultra-confined synthesis. In another study, the enhancement of both the SPP excitation and the light emission efficiency has been realized by transforming the gold nanowire tips with optimized laser treatments. It results in dog bones like nanowires, which improve the coupling with the excitation light for a suitable polarization and increase the scattered light at the opposite tip. These studies constitute alternative approaches for the remote detection of photo-degradable species and for exploring 1D nanosources and nanoantennae for integrated photonic and plasmonic systems
Manesse, Maël. „Développement de nouvelles interfaces plasmoniques appliquées à la biodétection“. Grenoble INPG, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009INPG0056.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn this research work, new interfaces adapted for surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and electrochemical studies were developed for biosensing applications. These interfaces are formed by depositing thin oxide films on Titanium/Gold (Ti/Au) substrates, classically used in SPR. Different types of hybrid interfaces were formed, such as Ti/Au/SiOx (silicon oxide), Ti/AU/SnO2:Sb (antimony doped tin oxide), and Ti/Ag/SnO2:Sb. These new interfaces were characterized by SPR,, elechemistry and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Different surfaéce chemistry approaches were investigated with the aim to covalenty link biomolecules to the oxide surface. Finally, we show the possibility of forming o localized surface plasmon resonance (L-SPR) sensing platform. It is based on the integration of gold nanoparticles into a biopolymer matrix
Ganesan, Sivaramakrishnan. „Utilisation de la résonance plasmonique de surface pour la réalisation de capteurs appliqués au domaine phytosanitaire“. Thesis, Lille 1, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LIL1I059.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe overall goal of this study was to develop a portable biological detection system with high sensitivity, accuracy and repeatability to be used in either the phytosanitary or the medical domain. This system is based on the Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) physical principle. Such a use of this principle is already achieved but leads to laboratory equipment. The goal here is to democratize its use up to an on field or point of care measurement system. In this context and within the frame of the BIOSENS INTEREG FWVL project, I worked more particularly on several developments around the sensor. From all the existing biosensor technologies, surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensing technology has received continuous attention due to its advantages of a high-sensitivity, label-free and fast response time. Although the SPR sensing technique being legend in the sensor community, currently the temperature of the sample needs to be carefully maintained and controlled because SPR signal varies with temperature and any change in SPR signal can be interpreted as a biological interaction. This gives a huge challenge in the portable application that is targeted since embedding of a temperature controlled chamber size and energy consuming. A SPR sensor design including 4 SPR channels has been made and the temperature is controlled in real time by using Joule effect. Temperature behavior has been modelled under COMSOL and we experimentally demonstrated that the temperature modulation of SPR channel by Joule effect does not affect the detection scheme. Water was heated by injecting current through the plasmonic layer and the refractive index change of water due to temperature was measured and compared with the theory. We also demonstrated that the temperature of each of the 4 channels can be controlled independently without any thermal crosstalk. In order achieving a more precise monitoring of sample temperature, a temperature sensor was also fabricated on top of the plasmonic layer, allowing the real temperature at the sensor surface to be monitored in real time. This temperature control can so be used either to maintain the temperature of biologic samples or to identify the effect of temperature on biomolecular interactions. On addressing the cost of the sensing tool, a flexible and cheap SPR sensor made on tape has been fabricated and tested. Air and water plasmonic responses were measured using such a "tape sensor". A PDMS prism has already been investigated and combined to the tape sensor making then a very cheap sensing platform
Palau, William. „Développement méthodologique en résonance plasmonique de surface et ses applications à l’étude de mécanismes régulateurs viraux“. Thesis, Bordeaux, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BORD0091.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleWe are interested in understanding how interactions involving nucleic acids regulate the life cycle of the Hepatitis C virus (HCV). The HCV genomic RNA is highly structured at the 5' and 3' ends. The stem-loop 5BSL3.2 was described to interact with the SLIIId, the Seq9110 and the SL2 by reverse genetics and complementation mutation experiments. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) was used to characterize these interactions. This led us to develop methods to expand the use of this technique. We described in vitro evidences for an interaction between 5BSL3.2 and miR-122, a microRNA highly expressed in hepatocytes. As shown by our results, SL2 is a highly dynamic RNA motif that fluctuates between at least two conformations: one is able to hybridize with 5BSL3.2 and the other one is capable of self-associating. The study of this dimerization in living cells has shown an implication of this phenomenon in viral replication processes. The development of a ternary complex analysis method allowed the characterization of the Seq9110 (or SLIIId) and SL2 (or miR-122) interacting with 5BSL3.2. Our results shown that the two binding sites of 5BSL3.2, the apical and internal loops, are structurally independent, suggesting that these interactions may coexist in a physiological context. SLIIId and Seq9110 were shown to compete to interact with 5BSL3.2 internal loop while SL2 and miR-122 were shown to compete to interact with 5BSL3.2 apical loop. In conclusion, 5BSL3.2 is a structured RNA motif that could act as a molecular hub capable of interacting with other genomic RNA regions while the two interactions of the SL2, mutually exclusives, were shown to be crucial for viral proliferation. The competition mechanisms observed could be involved in the commutation between viral cycle steps
Ider, Mina. „Elaboration et caractérisation des nanomatériaux à base de métaux nobles“. Thesis, Le Mans, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LEMA1022/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn this thesis work, the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (Ag) is carried out by a simple, efficient and fast method based on the reduction of silver nitrate (AgNO3) in an organic medium (ethanol) under heating by micro irradiation (MW) for a few seconds in the presence of an aqueous emulsion of latex copolymer. The experiments were performed either by varying the experimental parameters one after the other (classical approach) or by means of the experimental design methodology which serves to vary simultaneously these experimental conditions in order to both optimize and evaluate the impact of these factors on the physicochemical properties of the nanoparticles. The main goal is to prepare a maximum concentration of silver nanoparticles with a minimum concentration of latex copolymer and AgNO3. The prepared nanoparticles were found to be extremely stable in colloidal solution with very narrow size distributions, which confirms the high quality and the uniform diameter of the nanoparticles obtained by the microwave synthesis approach. This could possibly be due to the stabilizing effect produced by the latex molecules, which is a good environment for effectively controlling the growth of metallic silver nanoparticles. As the main objective of such realization of the silver nanoparticle synthesis by the MW method opens the way to the exploration of surface plasmonic effects in photocatalytic reactions using well-defined semiconducting structures (Bi2O3 , In2O3, TiO2 ...)
Corne, Christelle. „Etude des interactions entre protéines et lésions de l'ADN par résonance plasmonique de surface par imagerie (SPRI)“. Grenoble, 2010. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00505298.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDNA is the carrier of genetic information. DNA damage caused by various physical or chemical stresses is a challenge for cellular repair systems. These include the base excision repair system (BER) which involves several enzymes whose objectives are the recognition and removal of damaged bases, well-recognised functions for two glycosylases: prokaryotic Fpg and eukaryotic OGG1. Many approaches have been described to study DNA / protein interactions in vitro. With surface plasmon resonance imaging (SPRi), we have a real-time technique, without labeling, with which we can observe interactions in parallel for a single protein purified enzyme (Fpg, OGG1, EndoIV or Ape1) vis-à-vis various injuries to synthetic oligonucleotides immobilized on a gold surface. The damages studied were an oxidized base (8-oxoG), a cyclised base (cycloadenine) and analogues of abasic sites (THF and C3). We also studied the action of these enzymes on multiple lesions, in tandem, combining the 8-oxoG and 8-oxoA bases on the same strand of DNA. The originality of our system combines the direct analysis of the DNA / protein interaction with the indirect approach of observing its outcome by hybridization and amplification of the signal after a thermal ramp. The results obtained enable us to consider the use of our technique to observe the simultaneous repair of certain lesions by cell extracts for biochemical work, or by human tissue extracts for bio-medical work
Florent, Tiphaine. „Caractérisation d’inhibiteurs d’anhydrase carbonique IX, études de complexes supramoléculaires et interactions moléculaires par résonance plasmonique de surface“. Thesis, Lille 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LIL2S057/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleCarbonic anhydrase (CA) IX expression is increased upon hypoxia and has been proposed as a therapeutic target since it has been associated with poor prognosis, tumor progression and pH regulation. A new class of human carbonic anhydrase IX (hCA IX) inhibitors, diarylpyrazole sulfonamide derivatives, has been synthesized in our team. These compounds have a very limited water solubility which limits their pharmaceutical development. The complexation with cyclodextrins (CDs) offers the possibility to improve their solubility without affecting their original structure and has proved to be one of the most effective. The studies of the complexes formed between our compounds and various CDs have been performed, in order to choose the most appropriate CD. We investigate by NMR and capillary electrophoresis the complexes formed between six original diarylpyrazole sulfonamide derivatives and six CDs (native -, - and - CDs, hydroxypropylated HP--CD, methylated Me--CD or amino NH2--CD) at physiological pH. Futhermore, as these compounds have a chiral center, it was essential to separate their enantiomers and verify their optical purities before envisaging the study of their pharmacological activity. The enantiomeric purification was performed by three separative methods, the high performance liquid chromatography, the supercritical fluid chromatography and the capillary electrophoresis. This study permit to obtain optically pure compound in order to determine affinity of carbonic anhydrase. To determine the affinities of derivatives with isoforms, we performed first a comparison of three label-free methods for quantitative assessment of binding strength between carbonic anhydrase II and sulfonamides derivatives. The formation constants have been determined by surface plasmon resonance, isothermal titration calorimetry and thermal shift assay, which characterize the interaction between two partners. This study was useful to select and to validate the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) for the molecular interaction between carbonic anhydrases and all our derivatives. Affinities of sixteen compounds for three carbonic anhydrase isoforms (CA II, IX and XII) were then determined by SPR. These compounds have nanomolar affinities for three isoforms. Two compounds have affinities with great interest for the isoform CA IX, and a good selectivity CA IX versus CA II and should be considered as lead compounds. Additionally, some of optically pure compounds have shown an enantioselectivity for the AC isoforms
Yang, Peng. „Optical and electronic properties of individual and self-organized gold nanoparticles studied by the discrete dipole approximation method and scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy“. Paris 6, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA066551.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleWang, Xiaoli. „Photo-induced ultrafast optical and thermal responses of gold nanoparticles“. Paris 6, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA066195.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGold nanoparticles (NPs) under light irradiation exhibit collective oscillations of their conduction electrons, known as the localized Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR). The SPR then enables efficient and quick energy input in NPs through absorption of ultrafast laser pulses. A series of energy conversion and exchange mechanisms follows involving electron-electron and electron-phonon scattering. The subsequent NP heating further relaxes by thermal transfer to the host medium. Gold NPs under light pulses can thus be used as local ultrafast heat nanosources. Furthermore, the different photo-induced processes result in the transient modification of the NP optical properties, which can be monitored by time-resolved pump-probe laser spectroscopy. The energy input and optical response, as being mainly linked with the SPR, are very sensitive to the NP morphological parameters like size, shape and spatial distribution in the host medium. In this work, we study and exploit several aspects of the ultrafast transient optical response of gold NPs. We first review the theoretical fundamentals and models, as well as the experimental technique that we have carried out. Then the spectral dependence of the optical response of gold nanorods is investigated. Further, we analyze also the effect of plasmon coupling on the stationary and transient optical properties of gold NP arrays. Moreover, we investigate and exploit the ultrafast transient resonant coupling of the SPR of gold NPs and a localized cavity mode in a 1D photonic crystal. Finally, we study the local photo-induced heating properties of several kinds of NPs
Valamanesh, Mehrnoush. „Elaboration et étude des propriétés optiques et structurales des nanoparticules métalliques“. Paris 6, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA066541.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAoudjit, Thinhinane. „Etude des propriétés optiques de nanostructures chirales par imagerie photochimique“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Troyes, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022TROY0008.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleChiral nanostructures interact differently with right and left circularly polarized light. Moreover, they exhibit enhanced electric and magnetic near-fields leading to the so-called superchirality. This effect can be used for the detection of chiral biological objects with high enantio-sensitivity. Indeed, the optical chirality C is correlated with the rate of excitation of the chiral molecule, so that increasing the optical chirality at the location of the molecule can significantly improve its detection. We present here a subwavelength imaging approach that is based on the interaction between the highly exalted near-field of chiral nanoparticles and an azobenzene molecule (DR1, disperse red 1) grafted to a polymeric chain (i.e. PMMA). Under illumination, the azobenzene molecules (DR1) undergo photo-isomerization cycles, which induce a displacement of matter inducing measurable topographical modifications that can be tracked using atomic force microscopy. Therefore, we obtain in the polymer a map of the near-field of the chiral nanostructures. We recently demonstrated that chiral effects and field dissymmetry in plasmonic nanostructures can be imaged with this technique. Here, we apply photochemical imaging to chiral metallic nanostructures, such as chiral coupled nanorods. We show that the near-field chiral response can be imprinted in the photopolymer
Khlopin, Dmitry. „Aluminum plasmonics for optical applications“. Thesis, Troyes, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TROY0034.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePlasmonics is based on the intense and confined electromagnetic fields appearing near metallic nanostructures illuminated at frequencies near their surface plasmon resonances. Among the different metals, aluminum sustains a broad range of plasmonic resonances from deep UV to near IR. Due to high losses in the visible, aluminum plasmonic structures require an improvement to compete with noble metals. First, we present a strategy to increase the resonance quality based on diffractive coupling in periodic arrays. This approach, studied with simulations and experimental methods, provides a change of quality factor of resonance up to 7 times in comparison with an isolated particle. Then, we couple aluminum nanostructures with a wide band gap semiconductor to enhance its emission. Periodic arrays of Al nanoparticles were fabricated onto a ZnO epitaxial layer. Results show an enhancement of emission of 1.5 times in comparison with pristine ZnO. To increase the effect and get a more efficient surface coverage, we then used a fractal geometry inspired from radiowave technology. FDTD simulations were performed to design an effective geometry and the structures were fabricated with an adapted electron beam lithography process. Finally, we propose a concept of chiral fractals. Using the complex geometry of fractals, it is possible to push optical chirality of plasmonic structures toward the UV part of the spectrum. Samples were fabricated and the existence of circular dichroism in fractal structures was proven
Lamri, Gwénaëlle. „Contrôle optique de la photoluminescence de nanosources hybrides“. Thesis, Troyes, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TROY0030.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSmart materials can significantly alter their mechanical, thermal or electromagnetic, in response to external stimuli. They have enabled progress in many areas, including drug delivery, self-healing materials for coating applications, or display technologies. Among them, photochromic molecules have been used to modulate the light emitted by quantum dots. Moreover, it is well-known that plasmonic nanomaterials are able to enhance the emission of quantum dots. After a study of the photochromic molecules properties and of each couple of entities (quantum dots – photochromic molecules, metallic nanoparticles – photochromic molecules and metallic nanoparticles – quantum dots), we combine the three entities and demonstrate an optical control of the resonant coupling between metallic and semi-conductor nanoparticles. We experimentally show that the photoluminescence effects of the coupled system can be tuned from enhancement to quenching using a photochromic optical switch and theoretical calculations confirm our experimental findings
Stockhausen, Verena. „Modulation of material properties using Nanoelectrochemistry : from active plasmonic devices and photovoltaic systems to ultrathin electroactive layers“. Paris 7, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA077071.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleOver the last twenty years, a continuous increase in plastic electronics has lead to a revolution in lifestyle. In the first chapter, we will discuss hybrid conducting polymer/plasmonic nanoparticle Systems and demonstrate that optical answers of plasmonic structures can not only be reversibly switched according to conducting polymer electronic state. Furthermore, the polymer type induces distinct optical answers, offering tremendous possibilities for further tailoring of optical properties. The second chapter is dedicated to ultrathin electroactive film generation from diazonium salt electroreduction. The first part presents successful diazonium salt derived film deposition without core benzene unit. The second part is devoted to the influence of the thiophene derivative, attached to the core benzene, on diazonium salt generation and electronic properties of gratted films. The third chapter demonstrates that a bottom-up approach can be used to further elongate oligomer chains by overgrafting monomeric compounds. By that, film properties are modified according to the monomer used, enlarging possibilities of distinct electroactive thin film design. In the fourth chapter, we investigate dye sensitized solar cells (DSSC) or Grätzel type cells with regard to the establishment of low cost plasmonic DSSC. By that, we hope to increase efficiencies of the basic System. In a first time, cell setup will be optimized to allow comparison with literature and then, the redox mediator will be replaced in order to optimize the System for subsequent gold incorporation. Finally, several strategies for gold deposition and first tests in cell setup will be demonstrated
Tallet, Estelle. „Etude de la dynamique d'activation du récepteur de la prolactine par des approches biophysiques, structurales et fonctionnelles“. Paris 6, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA066533.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBayle, Maxime. „Architectures plasmoniques enterrées : élaboration, propriétés optiques et applications“. Toulouse 3, 2014. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/2664/.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn our work, we present the study of plasmonic architectures made of a plane of nanoparticules (NPs) embedded at the vicinity of a dielectric matrix free surface, by low energy ion beam synthesis. Materials structural analysis, especially by transmission electron microscopy, have been carried out to determine the impact of the elaboration process parameters on the three dimensional organization of the NPs, in silicon dioxide or nitride layers grown on silicon substrates. To systematically check these parameters, we studied the elastic and inelastic optical responses of the heterostructures. The elastic response has been obtained by measuring the reflectance of the samples, and confronted to numerical modelling we developed, to determine the mean size of the NPs and the implanted silver amount. The study of the electric field topography allowed us to take benefit from both plasmonic resonance and optical amplification in antireflective layers. The inelastic response has been studied using Raman spectroscopy over a wide frequency range: vibrational collective modes (Lamb modes) of the NPs have been studied at low frequency, while at higher frequency, we have extracted the vibrational density of states (VDOS). Combined with atomistic simulations, the VDOS gave us original information on the vibrational dynamics and the thermodynamic properties of buried silver NPs (and deposited gold NPs). Finally, we present some applications of the assemblies of NPs in hybrid devices, such as the use of coupling between these NPs and deposited substances (e. G. Graphene) on our substrates. In particular, it can be used for surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). Then using techniques from microelectronics, we designed plasmo-electronic devices exploiting photoconductance properties of these buried or deposited NPs assemblies
Salvaggio, Ermelinda. „Nanoparticles of Nitride-based Materials for Plasmonics and Lossy-mode Resonance“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Troyes, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022TROY0011.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn this manuscript, we study different transition metal nitrides (TiN, ZrN and HfN) whose properties and optical characteristics are related to their composition, dielectric environment, size and shape. We describe the sputtering technique used to deposit nitride films on silicon (111) and fused silica substrates. The x-ray diffraction measurements show the crystal structures of the films and give a measure of their grain size as the nitrogen flux varies. The x-ray reflectometry gives a measurement of density, thickness and roughness of the films. The atomic force microscopy, allows a characterization of the surface roughness. The ellipsometry provides refractive indices and extinction coefficients that will be used to extract the Faraday and Joules numbers. The spectrophotometric measurements provide transmission spectra used to derive the optical band gap energies. From nitride thin films, we fabricated arrays of nanoparticles with controlled shape, size and period using the EBL technique.Their extinction spectra clearly show that the resonance peaks strictly depend on the size, shape, stoichiometry and period of the nanoparticles array.The measured extinction spectra are compared to those simulated using FDTD method and they show that there is a good agreement between experimental measurements and simulations. We thus demonstrated the interest of using these materials as alternatives to the noble metals conventionally used in plasmonics
Gehan, Hélène. „Nano-structuration de substrats à points chaud contrôlés : application à la diffusion Raman exaltée de surface“. Paris 7, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA077196.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSince the last decade, the development of coupled nanoparticles (NPs) assemblies has been particularly studied for applications in surface enhanced spectroscopy. In this field, the surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS is considered as an extremely sensitive tool, allowing the detection of very few amounts of various molecules type (drugs, explosives, biological molecules). It requires very huge electromagnetic field enhancements occurring within the gap between coupled NPs, called hot-spot. However, one of the major difficulties is the non-reproducibility of these hot spots, occurring by generally random NPs aggregates. In this work, we propose to design and to characterize by SERS structured assemblies of coupled gold nanostructures. Two ways are explored: (i) the development of substrates in which coupled gold NPs are self-assembled in an patterned way. This strategy shows that a small amount of coupled NPs is favourable to the detection of few molecules. On the other hand, the case of a great amount of coupled NPs is rather favorable to common analytical studies. Moreover, this method is adaptable to various form of NPs. (ii) The second strategy consist in a plasmonic device made of gold NPs separated from a gold film through a thermoresponsive polymer layer. Studies using electrochemistry and SERS as the function of the temperature show an interaction between the gold film and the NPs. This interaction is dependent on the distance between these two entities which is controlled by conformational changes of the polymer layer in response to temperature variations. A new setup which can make an image of the near field enhanced areas. The main idea is about the adsorbate molecule which is sensible to the near field, although its enhanced Raman scattering detection is done in far field. We can say that the molecule frustrate the near field in order to give an image of this local field